256-Position, One-Time Programmable, Dual-Channel, I2C Digital Potentiometers AD5172/AD5173 2-channel, 256-position potentiometers One-time programmable (OTP) set-and-forget resistance setting provides a low cost alternative to EEMEM Unlimited adjustments prior to OTP activation OTP overwrite allows dynamic adjustments with userdefined preset End-to-end resistance: 2.5 kΩ, 10 kΩ, 50 kΩ, and 100 kΩ Compact 10-lead MSOP: 3 mm × 4.9 mm Fast settling time: tS = 5 μs typical on power-up Full read/write of wiper register Power-on preset to midscale Extra package address decode pins: AD0 and AD1 (AD5173) Single supply: 2.7 V to 5.5 V Low temperature coefficient: 35 ppm/°C Low power: IDD = 6 μA maximum Wide operating temperature: −40°C to +125°C FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMS A1 W1 B1 FUSE LINKS VDD 1 GND A2 W2 B2 2 RDAC REGISTER 2 RDAC REGISTER 1 /8 SDA SERIAL INPUT REGISTER SCL 04103-001 FEATURES Figure 1. AD5172 Functional Block Diagram W1 B1 W2 B2 APPLICATIONS FUSE LINKS VDD 1 GND AD0 AD1 SDA SCL RDAC REGISTER 1 ADDRESS DECODE 2 RDAC REGISTER 2 /8 SERIAL INPUT REGISTER 04103-002 Systems calibration Electronics level setting Mechanical trimmers replacement in new designs Permanent factory PCB setting Transducer adjustment of pressure, temperature, position, chemical, and optical sensors RF amplifier biasing Automotive electronics adjustment Gain control and offset adjustment Figure 2. AD5173 Functional Block Diagram GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD5172/AD5173 are dual-channel, 256-position, one-time programmable (OTP) digital potentiometers1 that employ fuse link technology to achieve memory retention of resistance settings. OTP is a cost-effective alternative to EEMEM for users who do not need to program the digital potentiometer setting in memory more than once. These devices perform the same electronic adjustment function as mechanical potentiometers or variable resistors but with enhanced resolution, solid-state reliability, and superior low temperature coefficient performance. before permanently setting the resistance value. During OTP activation, a permanent blow fuse command freezes the wiper position (analogous to placing epoxy on a mechanical trimmer). Unlike traditional OTP digital potentiometers, the AD5172/ AD5173 have a unique temporary OTP overwrite feature that allows for new adjustments even after a fuse is blown. However, the OTP setting is restored during subsequent power-up conditions. This allows users to treat these digital potentiometers as volatile potentiometers with a programmable preset. The AD5172/AD5173 are programmed using a 2-wire, I2C®compatible digital interface. Unlimited adjustments are allowed 1 The terms digital potentiometer, VR, and RDAC are used interchangeably. Rev. H Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2003–2009 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD5172/AD5173 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 Programming the Variable Resistor and Voltage ................... 15 Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Programming the Potentiometer Divider ............................... 16 Functional Block Diagrams ............................................................. 1 ESD Protection ........................................................................... 17 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Terminal Voltage Operating Range ......................................... 17 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Power-Up Sequence ................................................................... 17 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Power Supply Considerations ................................................... 17 Electrical Characteristics: 2.5 kΩ ............................................... 3 Layout Considerations ............................................................... 18 Electrical Characteristics: 10 kΩ, 50 kΩ, and 100 kΩ ............. 4 I C Interface .................................................................................... 19 Timing Characteristics ................................................................ 6 Write Mode ................................................................................. 19 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 7 Read Mode .................................................................................. 19 ESD Caution .................................................................................. 7 I2C Controller Programming .................................................... 20 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ........................... 8 I2C-Compatible, 2-Wire Serial Bus .......................................... 21 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 9 Level Shifting for Different Voltage Operation ...................... 22 Test Circuits ..................................................................................... 14 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 23 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 15 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 23 2 One-Time Programming (OTP) .............................................. 15 REVISION HISTORY 4/09—Rev. G to Rev. H Changes to DC Characteristics—Rheostat Mode Parameter and to DC Characteristics—Potentiometer Divider Mode Parameter, Table 1 ................................................................................................ 3 12/08—Rev. F to Rev. G Changes to OTP Supply Voltage Parameter, Table 1.................... 3 Changes to OTP Supply Voltage Parameter, Table 2.................... 5 Changes to Table 5 and Table 6 ....................................................... 8 Changes to One-Time Programming (OTP) Section ................ 15 Changes to Power Supply Considerations Section, Figure 46, and Figure 46 Caption.................................................................... 17 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 23 7/08—Rev. E to Rev. F Changes to Power Supplies Parameter in Table 1 and Table 2 ... 3 Updated Fuse Blow Condition to 400 ms Throughout ............... 5 1/08—Rev. D to Rev. E Changes to Features.......................................................................... 1 Changes to General Description .................................................... 1 Changes to OTP Supply Voltage and OTP Supply Current in Table 1 ................................................................................................ 3 Changes to OTP Supply Voltage and OTP Supply Current in Table 2 ................................................................................................ 5 Added OTP Program Time in Table 3 ........................................... 6 Changes to Table 4 ............................................................................ 7 Changes to Table 5 and Table 6 ....................................................... 8 Inserted Figure 30 ........................................................................... 13 Replaced One-Time Programming (OTP) Section ................... 15 Replaced Power Supply Considerations Section ........................ 17 Deleted Device Programming Software Section ........................ 20 Replaced I2C-Compatible, 2-Wire Serial Bus Section ............... 21 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 23 6/06—Rev. C to Rev. D Changes to Features ..........................................................................1 Changes to One-Time Programming (OTP) Section................ 15 Changes to Figure 44 and Figure 45............................................. 17 Changes to Power Supply Considerations Section .................... 18 Changes to Figure 46 and Figure 47............................................. 18 Changes to Device Programming Software Section .................. 19 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 24 6/05—Rev. B to Rev. C Added Footnote 8, Footnote 9, and Footnote 10 to Table 1 ........3 Added Footnote 8 to Table 2 ............................................................5 Changes to Table 5 and Table 6 .......................................................9 Changes to Power Supply Considerations Section .................... 17 Changes to I2C-Compatible 2-Wire Serial Bus Section ............ 23 Added Level Shifting for Different Voltage Operation Section ...... 24 Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 25 Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 25 10/04—Rev. A to Rev. B Updated Format ................................................................. Universal Changes to Specifications .................................................................3 Changes to One-Time Programming (OTP) Section................ 13 Changes to Power Supply Considerations Section .................... 15 Changes to Figure 44 and Figure 45............................................. 15 Changes to Figure 46 and Figure 47............................................. 16 11/03—Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changes to Electrical Characteristics—2.5 kΩ..............................3 11/03—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. H | Page 2 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 SPECIFICATIONS ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: 2.5 kΩ VDD = 5 V ± 10%, or 3 V ± 10%; VA = VDD; VB = 0 V; −40°C < TA < +125°C; unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter DC CHARACTERISTICS—RHEOSTAT MODE Resistor Differential Nonlinearity 2 Resistor Integral Nonlinearity2 Nominal Resistor Tolerance 3 Resistance Temperature Coefficient Wiper Resistance DC CHARACTERISTICS—POTENTIOMETER DIVIDER MODE 4 Differential Nonlinearity 5 Integral Nonlinearity5 Voltage Divider Temperature Coefficient Full-Scale Error Zero-Scale Error RESISTOR TERMINALS Voltage Range 6 Capacitance A, B 7 Capacitance W7 Symbol Conditions Min Typ 1 Max Unit R-DNL R-INL ∆RAB (∆RAB/RAB)/∆T RWB RWB, VA = no connect RWB, VA = no connect TA = 25°C −2 −14 −20 ±0.1 ±2 +2 +14 +55 LSB LSB % ppm/°C Ω DNL INL (ΔVW/VW)/ΔT VWFSE VWZSE VA, VB, VW CA, CB 35 160 Code = 0x00, VDD = 5 V −1.5 −2 Code = 0x80 Code = 0xFF Code = 0x00 −14 0 GND IA_SD ICM f = 1 MHz, measured to GND, code = 0x80 f = 1 MHz, measured to GND, code = 0x80 VDD = 5.5 V VA = VB = VDD/2 VIH VIL VDD = 5 V VDD = 5 V 0.7 VDD −0.5 VIH VIL IIL CIL VDD = 3 V VDD = 3 V VIN = 0 V or 5 V 2.1 CW Shutdown Supply Current 8 Common-Mode Leakage DIGITAL INPUTS AND OUTPUTS SDA and SCL Input Logic High 9 Input Logic Low9 AD0 and AD1 Input Logic High Input Logic Low Input Current Input Capacitance7 POWER SUPPLIES Power Supply Range OTP Supply Voltage9, 10 Supply Current OTP Supply Current9, 11, 12 Power Dissipation 13 Power Supply Sensitivity VDD_RANGE VDD_OTP IDD IDD_OTP PDISS PSS DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS 14 Bandwidth, −3 dB Total Harmonic Distortion BW THDW ±0.1 ±0.6 15 −5.5 4.5 200 +1.5 +2 0 12 VDD 45 V pF 60 pF 0.01 1 1 μA nA VDD + 0.5 +0.3 VDD V V 0.6 ±1 V V μA pF 5 TA = 25°C VIH = 5 V or VIL = 0 V VDD_OTP = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C VIH = 5 V or VIL = 0 V, VDD = 5 V VDD = 5 V ± 10%, code = midscale Code = 0x80 VA = 1 V rms, VB = 0 V, f = 1 kHz Rev. H | Page 3 of 24 2.7 5.6 LSB LSB ppm/°C LSB LSB 5.7 3.5 100 ±0.02 4.8 0.1 5.5 5.8 6 33 ±0.08 V V μA mA μW %/% MHz % AD5172/AD5173 Parameter VW Settling Time Resistor Noise Voltage Density Symbol tS eN_WB Conditions VA = 5 V, VB = 0 V, ±1 LSB error band RWB = 1.25 kΩ, RS = 0 Ω Typ 1 1 Min Max 3.2 Unit μs nV/√Hz 1 Typical specifications represent average readings at 25°C and VDD = 5 V. Resistor position nonlinearity error, R-INL, is the deviation from an ideal value measured between the maximum resistance and the minimum resistance wiper positions. R-DNL measures the relative step change from the ideal between successive tap positions. Parts are guaranteed monotonic. 3 VA = VDD, VB = 0 V, wiper (VW) = no connect. 4 Specifications apply to all VRs. 5 INL and DNL are measured at VW with the RDAC configured as a potentiometer divider similar to a voltage output DAC. VA = VDD and VB = 0 V. DNL specification limits of ±1 LSB maximum are guaranteed monotonic operating conditions. 6 Resistor Terminal A, Resistor Terminal B, and Resistor Terminal W have no limitations on polarity with respect to each other. 7 Guaranteed by design, but not subject to production test. 8 Measured at Terminal A. Terminal A is open circuited in shutdown mode. 9 The minimum voltage requirement on the VIH is 0.7 V × VDD. For example, VIH minimum = 3.5 V when VDD = 5 V. It is typical for the SCL and SDA resistors to be pulled up to VDD. However, care must be taken to ensure that the minimum VIH is met when the SCL and SDA are driven directly from a low voltage logic controller without pull-up resistors. 10 Different from the operating power supply; the power supply for OTP is used one time only. 11 Different from the operating current; the supply current for OTP lasts approximately 400 ms for one time only. 12 See Figure 30 for an energy plot during an OTP program. 13 PDISS is calculated from (IDD × VDD). CMOS logic level inputs result in minimum power dissipation. 14 All dynamic characteristics use VDD = 5 V. 2 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: 10 kΩ, 50 kΩ, AND 100 kΩ VDD = 5 V ± 10% or 3 V ± 10%; VA = VDD; VB = 0 V; −40°C < TA < +125°C; unless otherwise noted. Table 2. Parameter DC CHARACTERISTICS—RHEOSTAT MODE Resistor Differential Nonlinearity 2 Resistor Integral Nonlinearity2 Nominal Resistor Tolerance 3 Resistance Temperature Coefficient Wiper Resistance DC CHARACTERISTICS—POTENTIOMETER DIVIDER MODE 4 Differential Nonlinearity 5 Integral Nonlinearity5 Voltage Divider Temperature Coefficient Full-Scale Error Zero-Scale Error RESISTOR TERMINALS Voltage Range 6 Capacitance A, B 7 Capacitance W7 Shutdown Supply Current 8 Common-Mode Leakage DIGITAL INPUTS AND OUTPUTS SDA and SCL Input Logic High 9 Input Logic Low9 AD0 and AD1 Input Logic High Input Logic Low Input Current Input Capacitance7 Symbol Conditions Min Typ 1 Max Unit R-DNL R-INL ΔRAB (ΔRAB/RAB)/ΔT RWB RWB, VA = no connect RWB, VA = no connect TA = 25°C −1 −2.5 −20 ±0.1 ±0.25 +1 +2.5 +20 LSB LSB % ppm/°C Ω DNL INL (ΔVW/VW)/ΔT VWFSE VWZSE VA, VB, VW CA, CB 35 160 Code = 0x00, VDD = 5 V −1 −1 Code = 0x80 Code = 0xFF Code = 0x00 −2.5 0 GND IA_SD ICM f = 1 MHz, measured to GND, code = 0x80 f = 1 MHz, measured to GND, code = 0x80 VDD = 5.5 V VA = VB = VDD/2 VIH VIL VDD = 5 V VDD = 5 V 0.7 VDD −0.5 VIH VIL IIL CIL VDD = 3 V VDD = 3 V VIN = 0 V or 5 V 2.1 CW ±0.1 ±0.3 15 −1 1 +1 +1 0 2.5 VDD LSB LSB ppm/°C LSB LSB 45 V pF 60 pF 0.01 1 5 Rev. H | Page 4 of 24 200 1 μA nA VDD + 0.5 +0.3 VDD V V 0.6 ±1 V V μA pF AD5172/AD5173 Parameter POWER SUPPLIES Power Supply Range OTP Supply Voltage9, 10 Supply Current OTP Supply Current9, 11, 12 Power Dissipation 13 Symbol VDD_RANGE VDD_OTP IDD IDD_OTP PDISS Power Supply Sensitivity PSS DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS 14 Bandwidth, −3 dB BW Total Harmonic Distortion THDW VW Settling Time tS Resistor Noise Voltage Density eN_WB Conditions TA = 25°C VIH = 5 V or VIL = 0 V VDD_OTP = 5.0 V, TA = 25°C VIH = 5 V or VIL = 0 V, VDD = 5 V VDD = 5 V ± 10%, code = midscale RAB = 10 kΩ, code = 0x80 RAB = 50 kΩ, code = 0x80 RAB = 100 kΩ, code = 0x80 VA = 1 V rms, VB = 0 V, f = 1 kHz, RAB = 10 kΩ VA = 5 V, VB = 0 V, ±1 LSB error band RWB = 5 kΩ, RS = 0 Ω 1 Min 2.7 5.6 Typ 1 5.7 3.5 100 ±0.02 Max Unit 5.5 5.8 6 33 V V μA mA μW ±0.08 %/% 600 100 40 0.1 kHz kHz kHz % 2 μs 9 nV/√Hz Typical specifications represent average readings at 25°C and VDD = 5 V. Resistor position nonlinearity error, R-INL, is the deviation from an ideal value measured between the maximum resistance and the minimum resistance wiper positions. R-DNL measures the relative step change from the ideal between successive tap positions. Parts are guaranteed monotonic. 3 VA = VDD, VB = 0 V, wiper (VW) = no connect. 4 Specifications apply to all VRs. 5 INL and DNL are measured at VW with the RDAC configured as a potentiometer divider similar to a voltage output DAC. VA = VDD and VB = 0 V. DNL specification limits of ±1 LSB maximum are guaranteed monotonic operating conditions. 6 Resistor Terminal A, Resistor Terminal B, and Resistor Terminal W have no limitations on polarity with respect to each other. 7 Guaranteed by design, but not subject to production test. 8 Measured at Terminal A. Terminal A is open circuited in shutdown mode. 9 The minimum voltage requirement on the VIH is 0.7 V × VDD. For example, VIH minimum = 3.5 V when VDD = 5 V. It is typical for the SCL and SDA resistors to be pulled up to VDD. However, care must be taken to ensure that the minimum VIH is met when the SCL and SDA are driven directly from a low voltage logic controller without pull-up resistors. 10 Different from the operating power supply; the power supply for OTP is used one time only. 11 Different from the operating current; the supply current for OTP lasts approximately 400 ms for one time only. 12 See Figure 30 for an energy plot during an OTP program. 13 PDISS is calculated from (IDD × VDD). CMOS logic level inputs result in minimum power dissipation. 14 All dynamic characteristics use VDD = 5 V. 2 Rev. H | Page 5 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 TIMING CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 5 V ± 10%, or 3 V ± 10%; VA = VDD; VB = 0 V; −40°C < TA < +125°C; unless otherwise noted. Table 3. Parameter I2C INTERFACE TIMING CHARACTERISTICS 1 SCL Clock Frequency Bus-Free Time Between Stop and Start, tBUF Hold Time (Repeated Start), tHD;STA Symbol fSCL t1 t2 Low Period of SCL Clock, tLOW High Period of SCL Clock, tHIGH Setup Time for Repeated Start Condition, tSU;STA Data Hold Time, tHD;DAT 2 Data Setup Time, tSU;DAT Fall Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, tF Rise Time of Both SDA and SCL Signals, tR Setup Time for Stop Condition, tSU;STO OTP Program Time 1 2 Conditions Min After this period, the first clock pulse is generated. t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 t9 t10 t11 Typ Max Unit 400 kHz μs μs 1.3 0.6 1.3 0.6 0.6 μs μs μs μs ns ns ns μs ms 0.9 100 300 300 0.6 400 See the timing diagrams for the locations of measured values (that is, see Figure 3 and Figure 48 to Figure 51). The maximum tHD;DAT has to be met only if the device does not stretch the low period (tLOW) of the SCL signal. Timing Diagram t8 t6 t2 t9 SCL t2 t4 t3 t8 t7 t10 t5 t9 t1 P S S 2 Figure 3. I C Interface Detailed Timing Diagram Rev. H | Page 6 of 24 P 04103-0-039 SDA AD5172/AD5173 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted. Table 4. Parameter VDD to GND VA, VB, VW to GND Terminal Current, Ax to Bx, Ax to Wx, Bx to Wx 1 Pulsed Continuous Digital Inputs and Output Voltage to GND Operating Temperature Range Maximum Junction Temperature (TJMAX) Storage Temperature Range Reflow Soldering Peak Temperature Time at Peak Temperature Thermal Resistance 2 θJA for 10-Lead MSOP Rating −0.3 V to +7 V VDD ±20 mA ±5 mA 0 V to 7 V −40°C to +125°C 150°C −65°C to +150°C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ESD CAUTION 260°C 20 sec to 40 sec 200°C/W 1 The maximum terminal current is bound by the maximum current handling of the switches, the maximum power dissipation of the package, and the maximum applied voltage across any two of the A, B, and W terminals at a given resistance. 2 The package power dissipation is (TJMAX − TA)/θJA. Rev. H | Page 7 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS W2 3 GND 4 VDD 5 B1 1 10 W1 AD5172 9 B2 AD0 2 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 8 A2 W2 3 7 SDA 6 SCL GND 4 04103-045 A1 2 VDD 5 Figure 4. AD5172 Pin Configuration 10 W1 AD5173 9 B2 TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 8 AD1 7 SDA 6 SCL 04103-046 B1 1 Figure 5. AD5173 Pin Configuration Table 5. AD5172 Pin Function Descriptions Table 6. AD5173 Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 Mnemonic B1 A1 W2 GND VDD Pin No. 1 2 Mnemonic B1 AD0 3 4 5 W2 GND VDD 6 SCL 6 SCL 7 SDA 8 AD1 9 10 B2 W1 7 8 9 10 SDA A2 B2 W1 Description B1 Terminal. GND ≤ VB1 ≤ VDD. A1 Terminal. GND ≤ VA1 ≤ VDD. W2 Terminal. GND ≤ VW2 ≤ VDD. Digital Ground. Positive Power Supply. Specified for operation from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. For OTP programming, VDD needs to be a minimum of 5.6 V but no more than 5.8 V and to be capable of driving 100 mA. Serial Clock Input. Positive-edge triggered. Requires a pull-up resistor. If this pin is driven directly from a logic controller without a pull-up resistor, ensure that the VIH minimum is 0.7 V × VDD. Serial Data Input/Output. Requires a pull-up resistor. If this pin is driven directly from a logic controller without a pull-up resistor, ensure that the VIH minimum is 0.7 V × VDD. A2 Terminal. GND ≤ VA2 ≤ VDD. B2 Terminal. GND ≤ VB2 ≤ VDD. W1 Terminal. GND ≤ VW1 ≤ VDD. Rev. H | Page 8 of 24 Description B1 Terminal. GND ≤ VB1 ≤ VDD. Programmable Address Bit 0 for Multiple Package Decoding. W2 Terminal. GND ≤ VW2 ≤ VDD. Digital Ground. Positive Power Supply. Specified for operation from 2.7 V to 5.5 V. For OTP programming, VDD needs to be a minimum of 5.6 V but no more than 5.8 V and to be capable of driving 100 mA. Serial Clock Input. Positive-edge triggered. Requires a pull-up resistor. If this pin is driven directly from a logic controller without a pull-up resistor, ensure that the VIH minimum is 0.7 V × VDD. Serial Data Input/Output. Requires a pull-up resistor. If this pin is driven directly from a logic controller without a pull-up resistor, ensure that the VIH minimum is 0.7 V × VDD. Programmable Address Bit 1 for Multiple Package Decoding. B2 Terminal. GND ≤ VB2 ≤ VDD. W1 Terminal. GND ≤ VW1 ≤ VDD. AD5172/AD5173 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 0.5 2.0 TA = 25°C RAB = 10kΩ VDD = 2.7V 0.5 0 VDD = 5.5V –0.5 –1.0 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 –0.2 –0.3 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 CODE (DECIMAL) Figure 6. R-INL vs. Code vs. Supply Voltages Figure 9. DNL vs. Code vs. Temperature 224 256 1.0 TA = 25°C RAB = 10kΩ VDD = 2.7V 0.1 0 –0.1 –0.2 VDD = 5.5V –0.3 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 0.6 0.4 VDD = 5.5V 0.2 0 VDD = 2.7V –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 04103-007 POTENTIOMETER MODE INL (LSB) 0.3 0.2 TA = 25°C RAB = 10kΩ 0.8 04103-004 RHEOSTAT MODE DNL (LSB) –0.1 –0.5 256 –0.4 –0.8 –1.0 256 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 CODE (DECIMAL) CODE (DECIMAL) Figure 7. R-DNL vs. Code vs. Supply Voltages Figure 10. INL vs. Code vs. Supply Voltages 256 0.5 0.5 RAB = 10kΩ 0.3 VDD = 5.5V TA = –40°C, +25°C, +85°C, +125°C 0.2 0.1 0 –0.1 VDD = 2.7V TA = –40°C, +25°C, +85°C, +125°C –0.2 04103-005 –0.3 –0.4 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 TA = 25°C RAB = 10kΩ 0.4 POTENTIOMETER MODE DNL (LSB) 0.4 POTENTIOMETER MODE INL (LSB) VDD = 2.7V; TA = –40°C, +25°C, +85°C, +125°C 0 CODE (DECIMAL) 0.4 –0.5 0.1 –0.4 0.5 –0.5 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 VDD = 2.7V 0 –0.1 VDD = 5.5V –0.2 –0.3 04103-008 –2.0 04103-003 –1.5 0.3 04103-006 1.0 RAB = 10kΩ 0.4 POTENTIOMETER MODE DNL (LSB) RHEOSTAT MODE INL (LSB) 1.5 –0.4 –0.5 256 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 CODE (DECIMAL) CODE (DECIMAL) Figure 8. INL vs. Code vs. Temperature Figure 11. DNL vs. Code vs. Supply Voltages Rev. H | Page 9 of 24 256 AD5172/AD5173 4.50 2.0 RAB = 10kΩ 1.0 0.5 0 VDD = 5.5V TA = –40°C, +25°C, +85°C, +125°C –0.5 –1.0 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 VDD = 2.7V, VA = 2.7V 1.50 VDD = 5.5V, VA = 5.0V 0.75 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 110 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 12. R-INL vs. Code vs. Temperature Figure 15. Zero-Scale Error vs. Temperature 125 10 RAB = 10kΩ 0.2 IDD, SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) 0.3 VDD = 2.7V, 5.5V; TA = –40°C, +25°C, +85°C, +125°C 0.1 0 –0.1 –0.2 04103-010 –0.3 –0.4 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 VDD = 5V 1 VDD = 3V 0.1 –40 256 –7 26 59 92 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 13. R-DNL vs. Code vs. Temperature Figure 16. Supply Current vs. Temperature 120 RAB = 10kΩ 1.0 0.5 0 VDD = 5.5V, VA = 5.0V –0.5 VDD = 2.7V, VA = 2.7V –1.0 04103-011 –1.5 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 100 80 40 VDD = 5.5V TA = –40°C TO +85°C, –40°C TO +125°C 20 0 –20 125 VDD = 2.7V TA = –40°C TO +85°C, –40°C TO +125°C 60 04103-014 1.5 RHEOSTAT MODE TEMPCO (ppm/°C) RAB = 10kΩ –2.0 –40 125 CODE (DECIMAL) 2.0 FSE, FULL-SCALE ERROR (LSB) 95 CODE (DECIMAL) 0.4 RHEOSTAT MODE DNL (LSB) 2.25 0 –40 256 0.5 –0.5 3.00 04103-013 –2.0 04103-009 –1.5 3.75 04103-012 ZSE, ZERO-SCALE ERROR (LSB) RHEOSTAT MODE INL (LSB) RAB = 10kΩ VDD = 2.7V TA = –40°C, +25°C, +85°C, +125°C 1.5 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 TEMPERATURE (°C) CODE (DECIMAL) Figure 14. Full-Scale Error vs. Temperature Figure 17. Rheostat Mode Tempco ΔRWB/ΔT vs. Code Rev. H | Page 10 of 24 256 AD5172/AD5173 0 RAB = 10kΩ 0x80 –6 40 0x40 –12 30 GAIN (dB) 20 0x20 –18 VDD = 2.7V TA = –40°C TO +85°C, –40°C TO +125°C 10 0 0x10 –24 0x08 –30 0x04 –36 0x02 –42 VDD = 5.5V TA = –40°C TO +85°C, –40°C TO +125°C –20 –30 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 0x01 –48 04103-050 –10 04103-047 POTENTIOMETER MODE TEMPCO (ppm/°C) 50 –54 –60 256 1k 10k Figure 18. AD5172 Potentiometer Mode Tempco ΔVWB/ΔT vs. Code Figure 21. Gain vs. Frequency vs. Code, RAB = 50 kΩ 0 0 0x80 0x40 –12 0x20 –18 0x80 –6 0x40 –12 0x20 –18 0x10 –24 0x08 0x04 –30 GAIN (dB) –36 0x02 0x01 –42 0x10 –24 0x08 –30 0x04 –36 0x02 –42 0x01 04103-048 –54 –60 10k 100k 1M 04103-051 –48 –48 –54 –60 1k 10M 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 19. Gain vs. Frequency vs. Code, RAB = 2.5 kΩ Figure 22. Gain vs. Frequency vs. Code, RAB = 100 kΩ 0 0 0x80 –6 –6 –12 0x40 –12 –18 0x20 –18 GAIN (dB) 0x10 –24 0x08 –30 0x04 –36 0x02 0x01 –42 100kΩ 60kHz 50kΩ 120kHz –24 10kΩ 570kHz 2.5kΩ 2.2MHz –30 –36 –42 –48 04103-049 –48 –54 –60 1k 10k 100k 04103-052 GAIN (dB) 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) –6 GAIN (dB) 100k CODE (DECIMAL) –54 –60 1k 1M 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (Hz) Figure 20. Gain vs. Frequency vs. Code, RAB = 10 kΩ Figure 23. −3 dB Bandwidth at Code = 0x80 Rev. H | Page 11 of 24 10M AD5172/AD5173 10 1 VDD = 5.5V VW2 0.1 VDD = 2.7V 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 04103-056 04103-057 0.01 VW1 5.0 DIGITAL INPUT VOLTAGE (V) Figure 24. Supply Current vs. Digital Input Voltage Figure 27. Analog Crosstalk VW VW 04103-053 04103-058 SCL Figure 25. Digital Feedthrough Figure 28. Midscale Glitch, Code 0x80 to Code 0x7F VW2 VW VW1 SCL 04103-055 04103-054 IDD, SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) TA = 25°C Figure 26. Digital Crosstalk Figure 29. Large-Signal Settling Time Rev. H | Page 12 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 T CHANNEL 1 MAXIMUM: 103mA CHANNEL 1 MINIMUM: –1.98mA 04103-062 1 CH1 20.0mA M 200ns A CH1 T 588.000ns 32.4mA Figure 30. OTP Program Energy for Single Fuse Rev. H | Page 13 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 TEST CIRCUITS Figure 31 to Figure 38 illustrate the test circuits that define the test conditions used in the product specification tables (see Table 1 and Table 2). W B AD8610 OFFSET GND VMS B 2.5V Figure 31. Potentiometer Divider Nonlinearity Error (INL, DNL) A Figure 35. Test Circuit for Gain vs. Frequency RSW = DUT IW 0.1V ISW CODE = 0x00 W W 0.1V ISW B VMS B GND TO VDD 04103-016 NC = NO CONNECT VOUT –5V NC DUT +5V DUT W 04103-019 V+ VIN 04103-015 A A V+ = VDD 1LSB = V+/2N 04103-020 DUT Figure 36. Incremental On Resistance Figure 32. Resistor Position Nonlinearity Error (Rheostat Operation: R-INL, R-DNL) NC DUT VDD A DUT VW I W = VDD /R NOMINAL GND B B RW = [VMS1 – VMS2]/I W NC 04103-017 VMS1 NC = NO CONNECT Figure 33. Wiper Resistance Figure 37. Common-Mode Leakage Current A1 RDAC1 VA VDD A V+ B W V+ = VDD ± 10% ΔVMS PSRR (dB) = 20 log ΔVDD ΔVMS% PSS (%/%) = ΔVDD% ( VMS ) VIN NC VDD A2 RDAC2 W1 W2 B1 04103-018 DUT VCM VSS CTA = 20 log[VOUT/VIN] NC = NO CONNECT Figure 38. Analog Crosstalk Figure 34. Power Supply Sensitivity (PSS, PSSR) Rev. H | Page 14 of 24 VOUT B2 04103-022 W ICM 04103-021 A VMS2 W AD5172/AD5173 THEORY OF OPERATION A SCL I2C INTERFACE SDA DECODER MUX DAC REG W B COMPARATOR FUSES EN FUSE REG 04103-026 ONE-TIME PROGRAM/TEST CONTROL BLOCK Figure 39. Detailed Functional Block Diagram The AD5172/AD5173 are 256-position, digitally controlled variable resistors (VRs) that employ fuse link technology to achieve memory retention of the resistance setting. Table 7. Validation Status ONE-TIME PROGRAMMING (OTP) Prior to OTP activation, the AD5172/AD5173 presets to midscale during initial power-on. After the wiper is set to the desired position, the resistance can be permanently set by programming the T bit high, with the proper coding (see Table 8 and Table 9), and one-time VDD_OTP. The fuse link technology of the AD517x family of digital potentiometers requires VDD_OTP to be between 5.6 V and 5.8 V to blow the fuses to achieve a given nonvolatile setting. However, during operation, VDD can be 2.7 V to 5.5 V. As a result, an external supply is required for one-time programming. The user is allowed only one attempt to blow the fuses. If the user fails to blow the fuses during this attempt, the structure of the fuses can change such that they may never be blown, regardless of the energy applied during subsequent events. For details, see the Power Supply Considerations section. The device control circuit has two validation bits, E1 and E0, that can be read back to check the programming status (see Table 7). Users should always read back the validation bits to ensure that the fuses are properly blown. After the fuses are blown, all fuse latches are enabled upon subsequent power-on; therefore, the output corresponds to the stored setting. Figure 39 shows a detailed functional block diagram. E0 0 0 1 1 Status Ready for programming. Fatal error. Some fuses are not blown. Do not retry. Discard this unit. Successful. No further programming is possible. PROGRAMMING THE VARIABLE RESISTOR AND VOLTAGE Rheostat Operation The nominal resistance of the RDAC between Terminal A and Terminal B is available in 2.5 kΩ, 10 kΩ, 50 kΩ, and 100 kΩ. The nominal resistance (RAB) of the VR has 256 contact points accessed by the wiper terminal and the B terminal contact. The 8-bit data in the RDAC latch is decoded to select one of the 256 possible settings. A A W B A W B W B 04103-027 An internal power-on preset places the wiper at midscale during power-on. If the OTP function is activated, the device powers up at the user-defined permanent setting. E1 0 1 Figure 40. Rheostat Mode Configuration Assuming a 10 kΩ part is used, the first connection of the wiper starts at the B terminal for Data 0x00. Because there is a 50 Ω wiper contact resistance, such a connection yields a minimum of 100 Ω (2 × 50 Ω) resistance between Terminal W and Terminal B. The second connection is the first tap point, which corresponds to 139 Ω (RWB = RAB/256 + 2 × RW = 39 Ω + 2 × 50 Ω) for Data 0x01. The third connection is the next tap point, representing 178 Ω (2 × 39 Ω + 2 × 50 Ω) for Data 0x02, and so on. Each LSB data value increase moves the wiper up the resistor ladder until the last tap point is reached at 10,100 Ω (RAB + 2 × RW). Rev. H | Page 15 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 When RAB is 10 kΩ and the B terminal is open circuited, the output resistance, RWA, is set according to the RDAC latch codes, as listed in Table 9. A RS RS Table 9. Codes and Corresponding RWA Resistance D (Dec) 255 128 1 0 RS W B 04103-028 LATCH AND DECODER PROGRAMMING THE POTENTIOMETER DIVIDER Figure 41. AD5172/AD5173 Equivalent RDAC Circuit The general equation that determines the digitally programmed output resistance between W and B is RWB (D ) = D × R AB + 2 × RW 128 (1) where: D is the decimal equivalent of the binary code loaded in the 8-bit RDAC register. RAB is the end-to-end resistance. RW is the wiper resistance contributed by the on resistance of the internal switch. The digital potentiometer easily generates a voltage divider at wiper to B and at wiper to A, proportional to the input voltage at A to B. Unlike the polarity of VDD to GND, which must be positive, voltage across A to B, W to A, and W to B can be at either polarity. A W VO B Table 8. Codes and Corresponding RWB Resistance RWB (Ω) 9961 5060 139 100 Voltage Output Operation VI In summary, if RAB is 10 kΩ and the A terminal is open circuited, the output resistance, RWB, is set according to the RDAC latch codes, as listed in Table 8. D (Dec) 255 128 1 0 Output State Full scale Midscale 1 LSB Zero scale Typical device-to-device matching is process-lot dependent and can vary up to ±30%. Because the resistance element is processed using thin-film technology, the change in RAB with temperature has a very low temperature coefficient of 35 ppm/°C. RS RDAC RWA (Ω) 139 5060 9961 10,060 Output State Full scale (RAB – 1 LSB + RW) Midscale 1 LSB Zero scale (wiper contact resistance) 04103-029 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Figure 42. Potentiometer Mode Configuration If ignoring the effect of the wiper resistance for approximation, connecting the A terminal to 5 V and the B terminal to ground produces an output voltage at the wiper to B, starting at 0 V up to 1 LSB less than 5 V. Each LSB of voltage is equal to the voltage applied across Terminal A and Terminal B divided by the 256 positions of the potentiometer divider. The general equation defining the output voltage at VW with respect to ground for any valid input voltage applied to Terminal A and Terminal B is VW (D) = D 256 − D V + VB 256 A 256 (3) Note that in the zero-scale condition, a finite wiper resistance of 100 Ω is present. Care should be taken to limit the current flow between W and B in this state to a maximum pulse current of no more than 20 mA. Otherwise, degradation or possible destruction of the internal switch contact may occur. A more accurate calculation, which includes the effect of wiper resistance, VW, is Similar to the mechanical potentiometer, the resistance of the RDAC between Wiper W and Terminal A also produces a digitally controlled complementary resistance, RWA. When these terminals are used, the B terminal can be opened. Setting the resistance value for RWA starts at a maximum value of resistance and decreases as the data loaded in the latch increases in value. The general equation for this operation is Operation of the digital potentiometer in the divider mode results in more accurate operation over temperature. Unlike in the rheostat mode, the output voltage is dependent mainly on the ratio of the internal resistors, RWA and RWB, not on the absolute values. Therefore, the temperature drift reduces to 15 ppm/°C. RWA (D ) = 256 – D × R AB + 2 × RW 128 VW (D) = (2) Rev. H | Page 16 of 24 R (D ) RWB (D) VA + WA VB R AB R AB (4) AD5172/AD5173 ESD PROTECTION All digital inputs, SDA, SCL, AD0, and AD1, are protected with a series input resistor and parallel Zener ESD structures, as shown in Figure 43 and Figure 44. GND LOGIC 04103-030 340Ω rack-mount power supply) must be rated at 5.6 V to 5.8 V and must be able to provide a 100 mA transient current for 400 ms for successful one-time programming. When programming is completed, the VDD_OTP supply must be removed to allow normal operation at 2.7 V to 5.5 V; the device consumes only microamps of current. APPLY FOR OTP ONLY 5.7V R1 10kΩ Figure 43. ESD Protection of Digital Pins VDD 2.7V A, B, W 04103-031 AD5172/ AD5173 P1 = P2 = FDV302P, NDS0610 Figure 44. ESD Protection of Resistor Terminals TERMINAL VOLTAGE OPERATING RANGE Figure 46. Isolate 5.7 V OTP Supply from 2.7 V Normal Operating Supply The AD5172/AD5173 VDD to GND power supply defines the boundary conditions for proper 3-terminal digital potentiometer operation. Supply signals present on Terminal A, Terminal B, and Terminal W that exceed VDD or GND are clamped by the internal forward-biased diodes (see Figure 45). VDD A W 04103-032 B GND P2 C2 0.1µF 04103-035 GND P1 C1 10µF Figure 45. Maximum Terminal Voltages Set by VDD and GND POWER-UP SEQUENCE Because the ESD protection diodes limit the voltage compliance at Terminal A, Terminal B, and Terminal W (see Figure 45), it is important to power VDD/GND before applying voltage to Terminal A, Terminal B, and Terminal W. Otherwise, the diode is forward-biased such that VDD is powered unintentionally and may affect the rest of the user’s circuit. The ideal power-up sequence is GND, VDD, digital inputs, and then VA/VB/VW. The relative order of powering VA, VB, VW, and the digital inputs is not important, as long as they are powered after VDD/GND. POWER SUPPLY CONSIDERATIONS To minimize the package pin count, both the one-time programming and normal operating voltage supplies are applied to the same VDD terminal of the device. The AD5172/AD5173 employ fuse link technology that requires 5.6 V to 5.8 V to blow the internal fuses to achieve a given setting, but normal VDD can be 2.7 V to 5.5 V. Such dual-voltage requirements need isolation between the supplies if VDD is lower than the required VDD_OTP. The fuse programming supply (either an on-board regulator or For example, for those who operate their systems at 2.7 V, use of the bidirectional, low threshold, P-channel MOSFETs is recommended for the isolation of the supply. As shown in Figure 46, this assumes that the 2.7 V system voltage is applied first and that the P1 and P2 gates are pulled to ground, thus turning on P1 and then P2. As a result, VDD of the AD5172/AD5173 approaches 2.7 V. When the AD5172/AD5173 setting is found, the factory tester applies the VDD_OTP to both the VDD and the MOSFET gates, thus turning P1 and P2 off. To program the AD5172/AD5173 while the 2.7 V source is protected, execute the OTP command at this time. When the OTP is completed, the tester withdraws the VDD_OTP, and the setting of the AD5172 or AD5173 is fixed permanently. The AD5172/AD5173 achieve the OTP function by blowing internal fuses. Always apply the 5.6 V to 5.8 V one-time program voltage requirement at the first fuse programming attempt. Failure to comply with this requirement may lead to changing the fuse structures, rendering programming inoperable. Care should be taken when SCL and SDA are driven from a low voltage logic controller. Users must ensure that the logic high level is between 0.7 V × VDD and VDD + 0.5 V. Poor PCB layout introduces parasitics that can affect fuse programming. Therefore, it is recommended to add a 1 μF to 10 μF tantalum capacitor in parallel with a 1 nF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the VDD pin. The type and value chosen for both capacitors are important. These capacitors work together to provide both fast responsiveness and large supply current handling with minimum supply droop during transients. As a result, these capacitors increase the OTP programming success by not inhibiting the proper energy needed to blow the internal fuses. Additionally, C1 minimizes transient disturbance and low frequency ripple, whereas C2 reduces high frequency noise during normal operation. Rev. H | Page 17 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS Note that the digital ground should also be joined remotely to the analog ground at one point to minimize the ground bounce. VDD C1 10µF + C2 0.1µF VDD AD5172 GND 04103-036 In PCB layout, it is a good practice to employ compact, minimum lead length design. The leads to the inputs should be as direct as possible with a minimum conductor length. Ground paths should have low resistance and low inductance. Figure 47. Power Supply Bypassing Rev. H | Page 18 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 I2C INTERFACE WRITE MODE Table 10. AD5172 Write Mode S 0 1 W A A0 SD T 0 OW X Instruction byte X X A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Data byte A P 0 1 1 AD1 AD0 W Slave address byte A A0 SD T 0 OW X Instruction byte X X A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Data byte A P R A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Instruction byte A E1 E0 X X X X Data byte X X A P 0 1 1 AD1 AD0 R Slave address byte A D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Instruction byte A E1 E0 X X X X Data byte X X A P 0 1 1 1 1 Slave address byte Table 11. AD5173 Write Mode S 0 1 READ MODE Table 12. AD5172 Read Mode S 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 Slave address byte Table 13. AD5173 Read Mode S 0 1 Table 14. SDA Bits Descriptions Bit S P A AD0, AD1 X W R A0 SD T OW D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0 E1, E0 Description Start condition. Stop condition. Acknowledge. Package pin-programmable address bits. Don’t care. Write. Read. RDAC subaddress select bit. Shutdown connects wiper to B terminal and open circuits the A terminal. It does not change the contents of the wiper register. OTP programming bit. Logic 1 programs the wiper permanently. Overwrites the fuse setting and programs the digital potentiometer to a different setting. Upon power-up, the digital potentiometer is preset to either midscale or fuse setting, depending on whether the fuse link was blown. Data bits. OTP validation bits. 00 = ready to program. 10 = fatal error. Some fuses not blown. Do not retry. Discard this unit. 11 = programmed successfully. No further adjustments are possible. Rev. H | Page 19 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 I2C CONTROLLER PROGRAMMING Write Bit Patterns 1 9 9 1 9 1 SCL 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 R/W A0 SD T 0 OW X X X ACK BY AD5172 START BY MASTER D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK BY AD5172 ACK BY AD5172 FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 2 INSTRUCTION BYTE STOP BY MASTER FRAME 3 DATA BYTE 04103-040 SDA Figure 48. Writing to the RDAC Register—AD5172 1 9 9 1 9 1 SCL 0 1 0 1 1 AD1 AD0 R/W A0 SD T 0 OW X X ACK BY AD5173 START BY MASTER X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 ACK BY AD5173 ACK BY AD5173 FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 2 INSTRUCTION BYTE STOP BY MASTER FRAME 3 DATA BYTE 04103-041 SDA Figure 49. Writing to the RDAC Register—AD5173 Read Bit Patterns 1 9 9 1 9 1 SCL 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 R/W D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 ACK BY AD5172 START BY MASTER D0 E1 E0 X X X X X X NO ACK BY MASTER ACK BY MASTER FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS BYTE FRAME 2 INSTRUCTION BYTE STOP BY MASTER FRAME 3 DATA BYTE 04103-042 SDA Figure 50. Reading Data from a Previously Selected RDAC Register in Write Mode—AD5172 1 9 9 1 9 1 SCL 0 1 0 1 1 AD1 AD0 R/W D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 ACK BY AD5173 START BY MASTER FRAME 1 SLAVE ADDRESS BYTE D0 E1 E0 X X X FRAME 2 INSTRUCTION BYTE FRAME 3 DATA BYTE Figure 51. Reading Data from a Previously Selected RDAC Register in Write Mode—AD5173 Rev. H | Page 20 of 24 X X X NO ACK BY MASTER ACK BY MASTER STOP BY MASTER 04103-043 SDA AD5172/AD5173 I2C-COMPATIBLE, 2-WIRE SERIAL BUS This section describes how the 2-wire, I2C-compatible serial bus protocol operates. The master initiates a data transfer by establishing a start condition, which is when a high-to-low transition on the SDA line occurs while SCL is high (see Figure 48 and Figure 49). The following byte is the slave address byte, which consists of the slave address followed by an R/W bit (this bit determines whether data is read from or written to the slave device). The AD5172 has a fixed slave address byte, whereas the AD5173 has two configurable address bits, AD0 and AD1 (see Figure 48 and Figure 49). The slave whose address corresponds to the transmitted address responds by pulling the SDA line low during the ninth clock pulse (this is called the acknowledge bit). At this stage, all other devices on the bus remain idle while the selected device waits for data to be written to or read from its serial register. If the R/W bit is high, the master reads from the slave device. If the R/W bit is low, the master writes to the slave device. In write mode, the second byte is the instruction byte. The first bit (MSB) of the instruction byte is the RDAC subaddress select bit. Logic low selects Channel 1; logic high selects Channel 2. The second MSB, SD, is a shutdown bit. A logic high causes an open circuit at Terminal A while shorting the wiper to Terminal B. This operation yields almost 0 Ω in rheostat mode or 0 V in potentiometer mode. It is important to note that the shutdown operation does not disturb the contents of the register. When brought out of shutdown, the previous setting is applied to the RDAC. In addition, during shutdown, new settings can be programmed. When the part is returned from shutdown, the corresponding VR setting is applied to the RDAC. The third MSB, T, is the OTP programming bit. A logic high blows the polyfuses and programs the resistor setting permanently. The OTP program time is 400 ms. The fourth MSB must always be at Logic 0. The fifth MSB, OW, is an overwrite bit. When raised to a logic high, OW allows the RDAC setting to be changed even after the internal fuses are blown. However, when OW is returned to Logic 0, the position of the RDAC returns to the setting prior to the overwrite. Because OW is not static, if the device is powered off and on, the RDAC presets to midscale or to the setting at which the fuses were blown, depending on whether the fuses had been permanently set. After acknowledging the instruction byte, the last byte in write mode is the data byte. Data is transmitted over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock pulses (eight data bits followed by an acknowledge bit). The transitions on the SDA line must occur during the low period of SCL and remain stable during the high period of SCL (see Figure 3). In read mode, the data byte follows immediately after the acknowledgment of the slave address byte. Data is transmitted over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock pulses (a slight difference from the write mode, where there are eight data bits followed by an acknowledge bit). Similarly, transitions on the SDA line must occur during the low period of SCL and remain stable during the high period of SCL (see Figure 50 and Figure 51). Note that the channel of interest is the one that is previously selected in write mode. If users need to read the RDAC values of both channels, they must program the first channel in write mode and then change to read mode to read the first channel value. After that, the user must return to write mode with the second channel selected and read the second channel value in read mode. It is not necessary for users to issue the Frame 3 data byte in write mode for subsequent readback operations. Refer to Figure 50 and Figure 51 for the programming format. Following the data byte, the validation byte contains two validation bits, E0 and E1 (see Table 7). These bits signify the status of the one-time programming (see Figure 50 and Figure 51). After all data bits are read or written, the master establishes a stop condition. A stop condition is defined as a low-to-high transition on the SDA line while SCL is high. In write mode, the master pulls the SDA line high during the 10th clock pulse to establish a stop condition (see Figure 48 and Figure 49). In read mode, the master issues a no acknowledge for the ninth clock pulse (that is, the SDA line remains high). The master brings the SDA line low before the 10th clock pulse and then brings the SDA line high to establish a stop condition (see Figure 50 and Figure 51). A repeated write function provides the user with the flexibility of updating the RDAC output multiple times after addressing and instructing the part only once. For example, after the RDAC has acknowledged its slave address and instruction bytes in write mode, the RDAC output is updated on each successive byte. If different instructions are needed, however, the write/read mode must restart with a new slave address, instruction, and data byte. Similarly, a repeated read function of the RDAC is also allowed. The remainder of the bits in the instruction byte are don’t cares (see Figure 48 and Figure 49). Rev. H | Page 21 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 Multiple Devices on One Bus (AD5173 Only) Figure 52 shows four AD5173 devices on the same serial bus. Each has a different slave address because the states of the AD0 and AD1 pins are different. This allows each device on the bus to be written to or read from independently. The master device output bus line drivers are open-drain pull-downs in a fully I2C-compatible interface. 5V RP SDA MASTER SCL 5V 5V 5V If the SCL and SDA signals come from a low voltage logic controller and are below the minimum VIH level (0.7 V × VDD), level shift the signals for read/write communications between the AD5172/AD5173 and the controller. Figure 53 shows one of the implementations. For example, when SDA1 is at 2.5 V, M1 turns off, and SDA2 becomes 5 V. When SDA1 is at 0 V, M1 turns on, and SDA2 approaches 0 V. As a result, proper level shifting is established. It is best practice for M1 and M2 to be low threshold N-channel power MOSFETs, such as the FDV301N from Fairchild Semiconductor. VDD2 = 5V VDD1 = 2.5V SCL AD1 SDA SCL AD1 SDA SCL SDA AD1 RP SCL RP RP RP AD1 AD0 AD0 AD0 AD0 AD5173 AD5173 AD5173 AD5173 04103-044 SDA G D S SDA1 2 Figure 52. Multiple AD5173 Devices on One I C Bus M1 SCL1 G SDA2 D S SCL2 M2 2.5V CONTROLLER 2.7V TO 5.5V AD5172/ AD5173 Figure 53. Level Shifting for Different Voltage Operation Rev. H | Page 22 of 24 04103-061 RP LEVEL SHIFTING FOR DIFFERENT VOLTAGE OPERATION AD5172/AD5173 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 3.10 3.00 2.90 10 3.10 3.00 2.90 1 6 5 5.15 4.90 4.65 PIN 1 0.50 BSC 0.95 0.85 0.75 0.15 0.05 1.10 MAX 0.33 0.17 SEATING PLANE 0.23 0.08 8° 0° 0.80 0.60 0.40 COPLANARITY 0.10 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-187-BA Figure 54. 10-Lead Mini Small Outline Package [MSOP] (RM-10) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 AD5172BRM2.5 AD5172BRM2.5-RL7 AD5172BRMZ2.5 2 AD5172BRM10 AD5172BRM10-RL7 AD5172BRMZ102 AD5172BRMZ10-RL72 AD5172BRM50 AD5172BRMZ502 AD5172BRMZ50-RL72 AD5172BRM100 AD5172BRMZ1002 AD5172BRMZ100-RL72 AD5173BRM2.5 AD5173BRM2.5-RL7 AD5173BRMZ2.52 AD5173BRMZ2.5-RL72 AD5173BRM10 AD5173BRM10-RL7 AD5173BRMZ102 AD5173BRMZ10-RL72 AD5173BRM50 AD5173BRM50-RL7 AD5173BRMZ502 AD5173BRMZ50-RL72 AD5173BRM100 AD5173BRM100-RL7 AD5173BRMZ1002 RAB (kΩ) 2.5 2.5 2.5 10 10 10 10 50 50 50 100 100 100 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 10 10 10 10 50 50 50 50 100 100 100 Temperature Range −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C Package Description 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 10-Lead MSOP 1 Package Option RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 RM-10 Branding DCY DCY DCR DCZ DCZ DCT DCT DCX DCU DCU DCW DCV DCV DCM DCM DCH DCH DCQ DCQ DCL DCL DCN DCN DCJ DCJ DCP DCP DCK The part has a YWW or #YWW label and an assembly lot number label on the bottom side of the package. The Y shows the year that the part was made; for example, Y = 5 means the part was made in 2005. WW shows the work week that the part was made. 2 Z = RoHS Compliant Part. Rev. H | Page 23 of 24 AD5172/AD5173 NOTES Purchase of licensed I2C components of Analog Devices, Inc., or one of its sublicensed Associated Companies conveys a license for the purchaser under the Philips I2C Patent Rights to use these components in an I2C system, provided that the system conforms to the I2C Standard Specification as defined by Philips. ©2003–2009 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D04103-0-4/09(H) Rev. H | Page 24 of 24