LTC1744 14-Bit, 50Msps ADC U FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ DESCRIPTIO The LTC ®1744 is a 50Msps, sampling 14-bit A/D converter designed for digitizing high frequency, wide dynamic range signals. Pin selectable input ranges of ±1V and ±1.6V along with a resistor programmable mode allow the LTC1744’s input range to be optimized for a wide variety of applications. Sample Rate: 50Msps 77dB SNR and 87dB SFDR (3.2V Range) 73.5dB SNR and 90dB SFDR (2V Range) No Missing Codes Single 5V Supply Power Dissipation: 1.2W Selectable Input Ranges: ±1V or ±1.6V 150MHz Full Power Bandwidth S/H Pin Compatible Family 25Msps: LTC1746 (14 Bit), LTC1745 (12 Bit) 50Msps: LTC1744 (14 Bit), LTC1743 (12 Bit) 65Msps: LTC1742 (14 Bit), LTC1741 (12 Bit) 80Msps: LTC1748 (14 Bit), LTC1747 (12 Bit) 48-Pin TSSOP Package The LTC1744 is perfect for demanding communications applications with AC performance that includes 77dB SNR and 87dB spurious free dynamic range. Ultralow jitter of 0.3psRMS allows undersampling of IF frequencies with excellent noise performance. DC specs include ±4LSB maximum INL and no missing codes over temperature. The digital interface is compatible with 5V, 3V and 2V logic systems. The ENC and ENC inputs may be driven differentially from PECL, GTL and other low swing logic families or from single-ended TTL or CMOS. The low noise, high gain ENC and ENC inputs may also be driven by a sinusoidal signal without degrading performance. A separate output power supply can be operated from 0.5V to 5V, making it easy to connect directly to any low voltage DSPs or FIFOs. U APPLICATIO S ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Telecommunications Receivers Base Stations Spectrum Analysis Imaging Systems The TSSOP package with a flow-through pinout simplifies the board layout. , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. W BLOCK DIAGRA 50Msps, 14-Bit ADC with a ±1V Differential Input Range OVDD 0.1µF AIN+ ±1V DIFFERENTIAL ANALOG INPUT S/H CIRCUIT AIN– CORRECTION LOGIC AND SHIFT REGISTER 14-BIT PIPELINED ADC 14 OUTPUT LATCHES • • • 0.5V TO 5V 0.1µF OF D13 D0 CLKOUT OGND SENSE BUFFER VDD RANGE SELECT VCM 1µF 1µF 5V 1µF DIFF AMP GND 2.5VREF CONTROL LOGIC 4.7µF 1744 BD REFLB 0.1µF 1µF REFHA 4.7µF REFLA 0.1µF 1µF REFHB ENC ENC MSBINV OE DIFFERENTIAL ENCODE INPUT 1744f 1 LTC1744 W U PACKAGE/ORDER INFORMATION U W W W OVDD = VDD (Notes 1, 2) Supply Voltage (VDD) ................................................ 6V Analog Input Voltage (Note 3) .... – 0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Input Voltage (Note 4) ..... – 0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Digital Output Voltage ................. – 0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) OGND Voltage ..............................................– 0.3V to 1V Power Dissipation ............................................ 2000mW Operating Temperature Range LTC1744C ............................................... 0°C to 70°C LTC1744I ............................................ – 40°C to 85°C Storage Temperature Range ................. – 65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec).................. 300°C U ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ORDER PART NUMBER TOP VIEW SENSE VCM GND AIN+ AIN– GND VDD VDD GND REFLB REFHA GND GND REFLA REFHB GND VDD VDD GND VDD GND MSBINV ENC ENC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 OF OGND D13 D12 D11 OVDD D10 D9 D8 D7 OGND GND GND D6 D5 D4 OVDD D3 D2 D1 D0 OGND CLKOUT OE LTC1744CFW LTC1744IFW FW PACKAGE 48-LEAD PLASTIC TSSOP TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 35°C/W Consult factory for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. U CO VERTER CHARACTERISTICS The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 5) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Resolution (No Missing Codes) MIN TYP MAX UNITS ● 14 ● –4 ±1 4 LSB ● –1 ±0.5 1.5 LSB (Note 7) – 20 ±5 20 mV Gain Error External Reference (SENSE = 1.6V) –3 ±1 3 Full-Scale Tempco IOUT(REF) = 0 Integral Linearity Error (Note 6) Differential Linearity Error Offset Error Bits ±40 %FS ppm/°C U U A ALOG I PUT The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 5) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS VIN Analog Input Range (Note 8) 4.75V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25V IIN Analog Input Leakage Current CIN Analog Input Capacitance tACQ Sample-and-Hold Acquisition Time tAP Sample-and-Hold Acquisition Delay Time tJITTER Sample-and-Hold Acquisition Delay Time Jitter CMRR Analog Input Common Mode Rejection Ratio MIN ● Sample Mode ENC < ENC Hold Mode ENC > ENC ● TYP UNITS ±1 to ±1.6 V 10 nA 15 8 pF pF 7.5 0 1.0V < (AIN– = AIN+) < 3.5V MAX 9.5 ns ns 0.3 psRMS 80 dB 1744f 2 LTC1744 W U DY A IC ACCURACY The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. AIN = –1dBFS. (Note 5) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS SNR Signal-to-Noise Ratio 5MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 5MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) SFDR S/(N + D) THD IMD Spurious Free Dynamic Range MIN TYP 75.5 73.5 77 dBFS dBFS 25MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 25MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) 72.5 75.5 dBFS dBFS 70MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 70MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) 70 71.5 dBFS dBFS ● UNITS 92 87 dB dB 25MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 25MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) 87 79 dB dB 70MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 70MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) 73 66 dB dB 73 76 dBFS dBFS 25MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 25MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) 72.5 73.5 dBFS dBFS 70MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 70MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) 68 64 dBFS dBFS 5MHz Input Signal, First 5 Harmonics (2V Range) 5MHz Input Signal, First 5 Harmonics (3.2V Range) – 90 – 85 dB dB 25MHz Input Signal, First 5 Harmonics (2V Range) 25MHz Input Signal, First 5 Harmonics (3.2V Range) – 85 – 78 dB dB 70MHz Input Signal, First 5 Harmonics (2V Range) 70MHz Input Signal, First 5 Harmonics (3.2V Range) – 72 – 65 dB dB Intermodulation Distortion fIN1 = 2.52MHz, fIN2 = 5.2MHz (2V Range) fIN1 = 2.52MHz, fIN2 = 5.2MHz (3.2V Range) – 90 – 80 dBc dBc Sample-and-Hold Bandwidth RSOURCE = 50Ω 150 MHz Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) Ratio Total Harmonic Distortion 5MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 5MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) MAX ● 5MHz Input Signal (2V Range) 5MHz Input Signal (3.2V Range) U U U I TER AL REFERE CE CHARACTERISTICS ● 76 73 (Note 5) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS VCM Output Voltage IOUT = 0 2.42 2.5 2.58 V ±30 VCM Output Tempco IOUT = 0 VCM Line Regulation 4.75V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25V 3 ppm/°C mV/V VCM Output Resistance 1mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 1mA 4 Ω 1744f 3 LTC1744 U U DIGITAL I PUTS A D DIGITAL OUTPUTS The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 5) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN VIH High Level Input Voltage VDD = 5.25V ● VIL Low Level Input Voltage VDD = 4.75V IIN Digital Input Current VIN = 0V to VDD CIN Digital Input Capacitance MSBINV and OE Only VOH High Level Output Voltage OVDD = 4.75V VOL Low Level Output Voltage OVDD = 4.75V Hi-Z Output Leakage D13 to D0 COZ ISOURCE ISINK UNITS ● 0.8 V ● ±10 µA 2.4 ● V 1.5 pF 4.74 V 4 IO = 160µA IO = 1.6mA IOZ MAX IO = –10µA IO = – 200µA TYP V 0.05 0.1 ● V 0.4 V ±10 µA VOUT = 0V to VDD, OE = High ● Hi-Z Output Capacitance D13 to D0 OE = High (Note 8) ● Output Source Current VOUT = 0V – 50 mA Output Sink Current VOUT = 5V 50 mA 15 pF U W POWER REQUIRE E TS The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 5) SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP VDD Positive Supply Voltage 5.25 V IDD Positive Supply Current ● 245 300 mA PDIS Power Dissipation ● 1.2 1.5 W OVDD Digital Output Supply Voltage VDD V 4.75 0.5 MAX UNITS WU TI I G CHARACTERISTICS The ● indicates specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 5) SYMBOL fSAMPLE(MAX) t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8 PARAMETER Maximum Sampling Frequency ENC Low Time ENC High Time Aperture Delay of Sample-and-Hold ENC to Data Delay ENC to CLKOUT Delay CLKOUT to Data Delay DATA Access Time After OE ↓ BUS Relinquish Time Data Latency CONDITIONS ● (Note 9) (Note 9) ● CL = 10pF (Note 8) CL = 10pF (Note 8) CL = 10pF (Note 8) CL = 10pF (Note 8) (Note 8) ● Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of a device may be impaired. Note 2: All voltage values are with respect to ground with GND (unless otherwise noted). Note 3: When these pin voltages are taken below GND or above VDD, they will be clamped by internal diodes. This product can handle input currents of greater than 100mA below GND or above VDD without latchup. Note 4: When these pin voltages are taken below GND, they will be clamped by internal diodes. This product can handle input currents of >100mA below GND without latchup. These pins are not clamped to VDD. ● ● ● MIN 50 9.5 9.5 1.4 0.5 0 TYP MAX 10 10 0 4.5 2.3 2.2 10 10 5 1000 1000 8 5 25 25 UNITS MHz ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns cycles Note 5: VDD = 5V, fSAMPLE = 50MHz, differential ENC/ENC = 2VP-P 50MHz sine wave, input range = ±1.6V differential, unless otherwise specified. Note 6: Integral nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of a code from a straight line passing through the actual endpoints of the transfer curve. The deviation is measured from the center of the quantization band. Note 7: Bipolar offset is the offset voltage measured from – 0.5 LSB when the output code flickers between 00 0000 0000 0000 and 11 1111 1111 1111. Note 8: Guaranteed by design, not subject to test. Note 9: Recommended operating conditions. 1744f 4 LTC1744 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Typical INL, 3.2V Range 2.0 Nonaveraged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz, –1dB, 2V Range Typical DNL, 3.2V Range 1.0 TA = 25°C 0.5 TA = 25°C 0.8 1.5 –20.0 0 –0.5 –1.0 0.4 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) DNL ERROR (LSB) –30.0 0.5 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –1.5 0 4000 8000 CODE 12000 –1.0 16000 1744 G01 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –110.0 0 4000 8000 CODE 12000 –120.0 16000 1744 G03 Nonaveraged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz, –1dB, 3.2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 Nonaveraged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 20MHz, –1dB, 3.2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 –20.0 –30.0 –30.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –20.0 –30.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –20.0 –40.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –90.0 –90.0 –100.0 –100.0 –100.0 –110.0 –110.0 –110.0 –120.0 –120.0 0.5 1744 G04 1744 G05 Averaged, 8192 Point 2-Tone FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz and 5.2MHz, 2V Range Averaged, 8192 Point 2-Tone FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz and 5.2MHz, 3.2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 –120.0 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz, – 6dB, 2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 –20.0 –30.0 –30.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –20.0 –30.0 –40.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –90.0 –90.0 –100.0 –100.0 –100.0 –110.0 –110.0 –110.0 –120.0 –120.0 1744 G07 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G08 TA = 25°C –40.0 –90.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G06 –20.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –10.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) TA = 25°C –40.0 –90.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G02 Nonaveraged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 20MHz, –1dB, 2V Range AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –50.0 –100.0 –0.8 –2.0 0.5 –40.0 –90.0 –0.6 –10.0 TA = 25°C –10.0 0.6 1.0 INL ERROR (LSB) (Note 5) –120.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G10 1744f 5 LTC1744 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz, – 6dB, 3.2V Range 0.5 0.5 –10.0 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz, – 20dB, 3.2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 –20.0 –20.0 –30.0 –30.0 –30.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –20.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 2.5MHz, – 20dB, 2V Range TA = 25°C –10.0 (Note 5) –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –90.0 –90.0 –90.0 –100.0 –100.0 –100.0 –110.0 –110.0 –110.0 –120.0 –120.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G11 0.5 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 20MHz, – 20dB, 2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 –20.0 –20.0 –30.0 –30.0 –30.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –20.0 –40.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –90.0 –90.0 –100.0 –100.0 –100.0 –110.0 –110.0 –110.0 –120.0 –120.0 1744 G14 0.5 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 51MHz, – 6dB, 2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 –20.0 –20.0 –30.0 –30.0 –30.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –20.0 –40.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –90.0 –90.0 –100.0 –100.0 –100.0 –110.0 –110.0 –110.0 –120.0 –120.0 1744 G17 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G18 TA = 25°C –40.0 –90.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G16 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 51MHz, – 1dB, 2V Range AMPLITUDE (dBFS) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –120.0 1744 G15 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 20MHz, – 20dB, 3.2V Range –10.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) TA = 25°C –40.0 –90.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G13 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 20MHz, – 6dB, 3.2V Range AMPLITUDE (dBFS) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –120.0 1744 G12 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 20MHz, – 6dB, 2V Range –10.0 TA = 25°C –120.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G19 1744f 6 LTC1744 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 51MHz, – 20dB, 2V Range 0.5 0.5 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 70MHz, – 6dB, 2V Range 0.5 TA = 25°C –10.0 –20.0 –30.0 –30.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) –20.0 –30.0 –40.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 –80.0 –90.0 –90.0 –90.0 –100.0 –100.0 –100.0 –110.0 –110.0 –110.0 –120.0 –120.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) –120.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G20 0.5 40000 TA = 25°C 78 TA = 25°C TA = 25°C 77 3.2V RANGE 76 30000 75 –40.0 –50.0 –60.0 –70.0 SNR (dBFS) 25000 COUNT AMPLITUDE (dBFS) SNR vs Sample Rate, Input Frequency = 5MHz, –1dB 35000 –30.0 20000 15000 –80.0 2V RANGE 74 73 72 71 –90.0 10000 70 –100.0 5000 –110.0 69 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 80 TA = 25°C TA = 25°C 75 TA = 25°C –1dBFS 70 – 6dBFS – 6dBFS SNR (dBc) 75 70 SNR (dBc) 70 3.2V RANGE 65 65 60 TA = 25°C 60 65 – 20dBFS 60 55 55 – 20dBFS 55 50 100 SNR vs Input Frequency and Amplitude, 2V Range 75 80 40 60 80 SAMPLE RATE (Msps) –1dBFS 2V RANGE 85 20 1744 G24 SNR vs Input Frequency and Amplitude, 3.2V Range 95 90 0 1744 G09 SFDR vs Sample Rate, Input Frequency = 5MHz, –1dB 100 68 8152 8153 8154 8155 8156 8157 8158 CODE 1744 G23 SFDR (dBc) 1744 G22 Grounded Input Histogram –20.0 –120.0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 25.37 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G21 Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 70MHz, – 20dB, 2V Range –10.0 TA = 25°C –10.0 –20.0 AMPLITUDE (dBFS) AMPLITUDE (dBFS) Averaged, 8192 Point FFT, Input Frequency = 70MHz, – 1dB, 2V Range TA = 25°C –10.0 (Note 5) 0 20 40 60 80 SAMPLE RATE (Msps) 100 1744 G25 50 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1744 G31 50 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1744 G30 1744f 7 LTC1744 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS 120 120 TA = 25°C SFDR (dBFS) – 6dBFS 90 80 3rd HARMONIC –70 100 – 6dBFS 90 –1dBFS 80 –1dBFS 70 60 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 60 100 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 –60 TA = 25°C –60 TA = 25°C –90 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) –80 –90 –100 100 –120 –80 –90 –110 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1744 G26 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1744 G27 1744 G29 SFDR vs Input Amplitude, 2V Range, 5MHz Input Frequency 110 TA = 25°C –100 –110 2nd HARMONIC 100 –70 AMPLITUDE (dBc) AMPLITUDE (dBc) AMPLITUDE (dBc) –80 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) Worst Harmonic 4th or Higher vs Input Frequency, 2V Range, –1dB –70 3rd HARMONIC 1 1744 G28 Worst Harmonic 4th or Higher vs Input Frequency, 3.2V Range, –1dB –70 –110 –110 1744 G32 2nd and 3rd Harmonic vs Input Frequency, 2V Range, –1dB –100 –90 2nd HARMONIC 1744 G33 –60 –80 –100 70 1 TA = 25°C – 20dBFS 110 100 –60 TA = 25°C – 20dBFS 110 SFDR (dBFS) 2nd and 3rd Harmonic vs Input Frequency, 3.2V Range, –1dB SFDR vs Input Frequency and Amplitude, 2V Range AMPLITUDE (dBc) SFDR vs Input Frequency and Amplitude, 3.2V Range (Note 5) Power Dissipation vs Sample Rate 1175 TA = 25°C TA = 25°C 1150 100 1125 SFDR dBc POWER (mW) SFDR (dBc AND dBFS) SFDR dBFS 90 80 70 60 1075 1050 1025 50 40 –60 1100 1000 –40 –20 INPUT AMPLITUDE (dBFS) 0 1744 G34 975 0 10 20 40 30 SAMPLE RATE (Msps) 50 1744 G35 1744f 8 LTC1744 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Input = 5MHz, –25dBFS, Dither Applied TA = 25°C AMPLITUDE (dB) AMPLITUDE (dB) Input = 5MHz, –25dBFS, No Dither 0.5 –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 –150 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 24.99 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G36 (Note 5) 0.5 –10 –20 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 –100 –110 –120 –130 –140 –150 TA = 25°C 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 24.99 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1744 G37 U U U PI FU CTIO S SENSE (Pin 1): Reference Sense Pin. Ground selects ±1V. VDD selects ±1.6V. Greater than 1V and less than 1.6V applied to the SENSE pin selects an input range of ±VSENSE, ±1.6V is the largest valid input range. VCM (Pin 2): 2.5V Output and Input Common Mode Bias. Bypass to ground with 4.7µF ceramic chip capacitor. GND (Pins 3, 6, 9, 12, 13, 16, 19, 21, 36, 37): ADC Power Ground. AIN+ (Pin 4): Positive Differential Analog Input. AIN – (Pin 5): Negative Differential Analog Input. VDD (Pins 7, 8, 17, 18, 20): 5V Supply. Bypass to AGND with 1µF ceramic chip capacitor. REFLB (Pin 10): ADC Low Reference. Bypass to Pin 11 with 0.1µF ceramic chip capacitor. Do not connect to Pin␣ 14. REFHA (Pin 11): ADC High Reference. Bypass to Pin 10 with 0.1µF ceramic chip capacitor, to Pin 14 with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor and to ground with 1µF ceramic capacitor. REFLA (Pin 14): ADC Low Reference. Bypass to Pin 15 with 0.1µF ceramic chip capacitor, to Pin 11 with a 4.7µF ceramic capacitor and to ground with 1µF ceramic capacitor. REFHB (Pin 15): ADC High Reference. Bypass to Pin 14 with 0.1µF ceramic chip capacitor. Do not connect to Pin␣ 11. MSBINV (Pin 22): MSB Inversion Control. Low inverts the MSB, 2’s complement output format. High does not invert the MSB, offset binary output format. ENC (Pin 23): Encode Input. The input sample starts on the positive edge. ENC (Pin 24): Encode Complement Input. Conversion starts on the negative edge. Bypass to ground with 0.1µF ceramic for single-ended encode signal. OE (Pin 25): Output Enable. Low enables outputs. Logic high makes outputs Hi-Z. CLKOUT (Pin 26): Data Valid Output. Latch data on the rising edge of CLKOUT. OGND (Pins 27, 38, 47): Output Driver Ground. D0-D3 (Pins 28 to 31): Digital Outputs. D0 is the LSB. OVDD (Pins 32, 43): Positive Supply for the Output Drivers. Bypass to ground with 0.1µF ceramic chip capacitor. D4-D6 (Pins 33 to 35): Digital Outputs. D7-D10 (Pins 39 to 42): Digital Outputs. D11-D13 (Pins 44 to 46): Digital Outputs. D13 is the MSB. OF (Pin 48): Over/Under Flow Output. High when an over or under flow has occurred. 1744f 9 LTC1744 WU W TI I G DIAGRA N ANALOG INPUT t3 t2 t1 ENCODE t6 t4 DATA t5 DATA (N – 3) DB13 TO DB0 DATA (N – 4) DB13 TO DB0 DATA (N – 5) DB13 TO DB0 t5 CLKOUT t7 t8 OE DATA N DB13 TO DB0, OF AND CLKOUT DATA 1744 TD W FU CTIO AL BLOCK DIAGRA U U OVDD 0.1µF AIN+ ±1V DIFFERENTIAL ANALOG INPUT S/H CIRCUIT AIN– CORRECTION LOGIC AND SHIFT REGISTER 14-BIT PIPELINED ADC 14 OUTPUT LATCHES • • • 0.5V TO 5V 0.1µF OF D13 D0 CLKOUT OGND SENSE BUFFER VDD RANGE SELECT VCM 1µF 1µF 5V 1µF DIFF AMP GND 2.5VREF CONTROL LOGIC 4.7µF 1744 BD REFLB 0.1µF 1µF REFHA 4.7µF REFLA 0.1µF 1µF REFHB ENC ENC MSBINV OE DIFFERENTIAL ENCODE INPUT 1744f 10 LTC1744 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE Signal-to-Noise Plus Distortion Ratio The signal-to-noise plus distortion ratio [S / (N + D)] is the ratio between the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input frequency and the RMS amplitude of all other frequency components at the ADC output. The output is band limited to frequencies above DC to below half the sampling frequency. Signal-to-Noise Ratio The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the ratio between the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input frequency and the RMS amplitude of all other frequency components except the first five harmonics and DC. Total Harmonic Distortion Total harmonic distortion is the ratio of the RMS sum of all harmonics of the input signal to the fundamental itself. The out-of-band harmonics alias into the frequency band between DC and half the sampling frequency. THD is expressed as: THD = 20Log V22 + V32 + V 42 + ...Vn2 V1 where V1 is the RMS amplitude of the fundamental frequency and V2 through Vn are the amplitudes of the second through nth harmonics. The THD calculated in this data sheet uses all the harmonics up to the fifth. 2, 3, etc. The 3rd order intermodulation products are 2fa + fb, 2fb + fa, 2fa – fb and 2fb – fa. The intermodulation distortion is defined as the ratio of the RMS value of either input tone to the RMS value of the largest 3rd order intermodulation product. Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR) Spurious free dynamic range is the peak harmonic or spurious noise that is the largest spectral component excluding the input signal and DC. This value is expressed in decibels relative to the RMS value of a full scale input signal. Input Bandwidth The input bandwidth is that input frequency at which the amplitude of the reconstructed fundamental is reduced by 3dB for a full scale input signal. Aperture Delay Time The time from when a rising ENC equals the ENC voltage to the instant that the input signal is held by the sample and hold circuit. Aperture Delay Jitter The variation in the aperture delay time from conversion to conversion. This random variation will result in noise when sampling an AC input. The signal to noise ratio due to the jitter alone will be: SNRJITTER = – 20log (2π) • FIN • TJITTER Intermodulation Distortion CONVERTER OPERATION If the ADC input signal consists of more than one spectral component, the ADC transfer function nonlinearity can produce intermodulation distortion (IMD) in addition to THD. IMD is the change in one sinusoidal input caused by the presence of another sinusoidal input at a different frequency. As shown in Figure 1, the LTC1744 is a CMOS pipelined multistep converter. The converter has four pipelined ADC stages; a sampled analog input will result in a digitized value five cycles later, see the Timing Diagram section. The analog input is differential for improved common mode noise immunity and to maximize the input range. Additionally, the differential input drive will reduce even order harmonics of the sample-and-hold circuit. The encode input is also differential for improved common mode noise immunity. If two pure sine waves of frequencies fa and fb are applied to the ADC input, nonlinearities in the ADC transfer function can create distortion products at the sum and difference frequencies of mfa ± nfb, where m and n = 0, 1, 1744f 11 LTC1744 U U W U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO The LTC1744 has two phases of operation, determined by the state of the differential ENC/ENC input pins. For brevity, the text will refer to ENC greater than ENC as ENC high and ENC less than ENC as ENC low. the first stage produces its residue which is acquired by the second stage. At the same time, the input S/H goes back to acquiring the analog input. When ENC goes back high, the second stage produces its residue which is acquired by the third stage. An identical process is repeated for the third stage, resulting in a third stage residue that is sent to the fourth stage ADC for final evaluation. Each pipelined stage shown in Figure 1 contains an ADC, a reconstruction DAC and an interstage residue amplifier. In operation, the ADC quantizes the input to the stage and the quantized value is subtracted from the input by the DAC to produce a residue. The residue is amplified and output by the residue amplifier. Successive stages operate out of phase so that when the odd stages are outputting their residue, the even stages are acquiring that residue and visa versa. Each ADC stage following the first has additional range to accommodate flash and amplifier offset errors. Results from all of the ADC stages are digitally delayed such that the results can be properly combined in the correction logic before being sent to the output buffer. SAMPLE/HOLD OPERATION AND INPUT DRIVE When ENC is low, the analog input is sampled differentially directly onto the input sample-and-hold capacitors, inside the “Input S/H” shown in the block diagram. At the instant that ENC transitions from low to high, the sampled input is held. While ENC is high, the held input voltage is buffered by the S/H amplifier which drives the first pipelined ADC stage. The first stage acquires the output of the S/H during this high phase of ENC. When ENC goes back low, AIN+ AIN– VCM INPUT S/H Sample Hold Operation Figure 2 shows an equivalent circuit for the LTC1744 CMOS differential sample-and-hold. The differential analog inputs are sampled directly onto sampling capacitors (CSAMPLE) through CMOS transmission gates. This direct capacitor sampling results in lowest possible noise for a FIRST STAGE SECOND STAGE THIRD STAGE FOURTH STAGE 5-BIT PIPELINED ADC STAGE 4-BIT PIPELINED ADC STAGE 4-BIT PIPELINED ADC STAGE 4-BIT FLASH ADC 2.5V REFERENCE 4.7µF SHIFT REGISTER AND CORRECTION RANGE SELECT REFL SENSE REFH INTERNAL CLOCK SIGNALS OVDD 0.5V TO 5V OF REF BUF DIFFERENTIAL INPUT LOW JITTER CLOCK DRIVER DIFF REF AMP D13 CONTROL LOGIC AND CALIBRATION LOGIC OUTPUT DRIVERS • • • D0 CLKOUT 1744 F01 REFLB REFHA 4.7µF REFLA REFHB 0.1µF 1µF 0.1µF 1µF ENC ENC MSBINV OE OGND Figure 1. Block Diagram 1744f 12 LTC1744 U U W U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO the change in voltage between samples will be seen at this time. If the change between the last sample and the new sample is small the charging glitch seen at the input will be small. If the input change is large, such as the change seen with input frequencies near Nyquist, then a larger charging glitch will be seen. LTC1744 VDD AIN+ CSAMPLE 7pF CPARASITIC 8pF VDD CSAMPLE 7pF Common Mode Bias AIN– The ADC sample-and-hold circuit requires differential drive to achieve specified performance. Each input should swing ±0.8V for the 3.2V range or ±0.5V for the 2V range, around a common mode voltage of 2.5V. The VCM output pin (Pin 2) may be used to provide the common mode bias level. VCM can be tied directly to the center tap of a transformer to set the DC input level or as a reference level to an op amp differential driver circuit. The VCM pin must be bypassed to ground close to the ADC with 4.7µF or greater. CPARASITIC 8pF 5V BIAS 2V 6k ENC ENC Input Drive Impedance 6k 2V 1744 F02 Figure 2. Equivalent Input Circuit given sampling capacitor size. The capacitors shown attached to each input (CPARASITIC) are the summation of all other capacitance associated with each input. During the sample phase when ENC/ENC is low, the transmission gate connects the analog inputs to the sampling capacitors and they charge to and track the differential input voltage. When ENC/ENC transitions from low to high the sampled input voltage is held on the sampling capacitors. During the hold phase when ENC/ENC is high the sampling capacitors are disconnected from the input and the held voltage is passed to the ADC core for processing. As ENC/ENC transitions from high to low the inputs are reconnected to the sampling capacitors to acquire a new sample. Since the sampling capacitors still hold the previous sample, a charging glitch proportional to As with all high performance, high speed ADCs the dynamic performance of the LTC1744 can be influenced by the input drive circuitry, particularly the second and third harmonics. Source impedance and input reactance can influence SFDR. At the falling edge of encode the sampleand-hold circuit will connect the 7pF sampling capacitor to the input pin and start the sampling period. The sampling period ends when encode rises, holding the sampled input on the sampling capacitor. Ideally the input circuitry should be fast enough to fully charge the sampling capacitor during the sampling period 1/(2FENCODE); however, this is not always possible and the incomplete settling may degrade the SFDR. The sampling glitch has been designed to be as linear as possible to minimize the effects of incomplete settling. For the best performance, it is recomended to have a source impedence of 100Ω or less for each input. The source impedence should be matched for the differential inputs. Poor matching will result in higher even order harmonics, especially the second. 1744f 13 LTC1744 U U W U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Input Drive Circuits Figure 3 shows the LTC1744 being driven by an RF transformer with a center tapped secondary. The secondary center tap is DC biased with VCM, setting the ADC input signal at its optimum DC level. Figure 3 shows a 1:1 turns ratio transformer. Other turns ratios can be used if the source impedence seen by the ADC does not exceed 100Ω for each ADC input. A disadvantage of using a transformer is the loss of low frequency response. Most small RF transformers have poor performance at frequencies below 1MHz. VCM 4.7µF 5V SINGLE-ENDED INPUT 2.5V ±1/2 RANGE 18pF + LTC1744 37Ω AIN+ 1/2 LT1810 – 18pF 100Ω + AIN– 1/2 LT1810 37Ω – 500Ω 18pF 500Ω 1744 F04a VCM Figure 4a. Differential Drive with Op Amps 4.7µF 0.1µF 1:1 ANALOG INPUT 100Ω 37Ω 100Ω 18pF AIN+ 18pF AIN 37Ω VCM LTC1744 5V RIN 402Ω – 18pF 0.01µF 1744 F03 VIN Figure 3. Single-Ended to Differential Conversion Using a Transformer Figure 4a demonstrates the use of operational amplifiers to convert a single ended input signal into a differential input signal. The advantage of this method is that it provides low frequency input response; however, the limited gain bandwidth of most op amps will limit the SFDR at high input frequencies. Figure 4b shows the LT6600, a low noise differential amplifier and lowpass filter, used as an input driver. The LT6600 provides two functions: it serves as a 4th order lowpass filter and as a single-ended to differential converter. Additionally it can be programmed with one external resistor to provide a gain from 1 to 4. Three versions of this device are available having lowpass filter bandwidths of 2.5MHz, 10MHz or 20MHz. The 37Ω resistors and 18pF capacitors on the analog inputs serve two purposes: isolating the drive circuitry from the sample-and-hold charging glitches and limiting the wideband noise at the converter input. For input RIN 402Ω 1µF 0.1µF 1 2 – 3 4 49.9Ω LTC1744 AIN+ VOCM + 18pF LT6600-20 7 49.9Ω AIN– VMID – 8 5 + 6 GAIN = 402Ω/RIN MAXIMUM GAIN = 4 1744 F04b Figure 4b. Using the LT6600 as a Differential Driver frequencies higher than 40MHz, the capacitors may need to be decreased to prevent excessive signal loss. Reference Operation Figure 5 shows the LTC1744 reference circuitry consisting of a 2.5V bandgap reference, a difference amplifier and switching and control circuit. The internal voltage reference can be configured for two pin selectable input ranges of 2V(±1V differential) or 3.2V(±1.6V differential). Tying the SENSE pin to ground selects the 2V range; tying the SENSE pin to VDD selects the 3.2V range. The 2.5V bandgap reference serves two functions: its output provides a DC bias point for setting the common mode voltage of any external input circuitry; additionally, the reference is used with a difference amplifier to generate the differential reference levels needed by the internal ADC circuitry. 1744f 14 LTC1744 U U W U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO An external bypass capacitor of 4.7µF or larger is required for the 2.5V reference output, VCM. This provides a high frequency low impedance path to ground for internal and external circuitry. This is also the compensation capacitor for the reference. It will not be stable without this capacitor. Other voltage ranges in between the pin selectable ranges can be programmed with two external resistors as shown in Figure 6a. An external reference can be used by applying its output directly or through a resistor divider to SENSE. It is not recommended to drive the SENSE pin with a logic device since the logic threshold is close to ground and VDD. The SENSE pin should be tied high or low as close to the converter as possible. If the SENSE pin is driven externally, it should be bypassed to ground as close to the device as possible with a 1µF ceramic capacitor. The difference amplifier generates the high and low reference for the ADC. High speed switching circuits are connected to these outputs and they must be externally bypassed. Each output has two pins: REFHA and REFHB for the high reference and REFLA and REFLB for the low reference. The doubled output pins are needed to reduce package inductance. Bypass capacitors must be connected as shown in Figure 5. LTC1744 VCM 2.5V 4Ω 2.5V BANDGAP REFERENCE 4.7µF 1.6V TIE TO VDD FOR 3.2V RANGE; TIE TO GND FOR 2V RANGE; RANGE = 2 • VSENSE FOR 1V < VSENSE < 1.6V 1µF 1V RANGE DETECT AND CONTROL SENSE REFLB 0.1µF REFHA BUFFER INTERNAL ADC HIGH REFERENCE 4.7µF DIFF AMP 1µF REFLA 0.1µF REFHB INTERNAL ADC LOW REFERENCE 1744 F05 Figure 5. Equivalent Reference Circuit 2.5V VCM 2.5V VCM 4.7µF 4.7µF 14k 1.1V 11k SENSE LTC1744 5V 0.1µF 1µF 1744 F06a Figure 6a. 2.2V Range ADC 4 LT1790-1.25 1, 2 6 1.25V SENSE LTC1744 1µF 1744 F06b Figure 6b. 2.5V Range ADC with an External Reference 1744f 15 LTC1744 U U W U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Input Range Driving the Encode Inputs The input range can be set based on the application. For oversampled signal processing in which the input frequency is low (<10MHz), the largest input range will provide the best signal-to-noise performance while maintaining excellent SFDR. For high input frequencies (>10MHz), the 2V range will have the best SFDR performance but the SNR will degrade by 3.5dB. See the Typical Performance Characteristics section. The noise performance of the LTC1744 can depend on the encode signal quality as much as on the analog input. The ENC/ENC inputs are intended to be driven differentially, primarily for noise immunity from common mode noise sources. Each input is biased through a 6k resistor to a 2V bias. The bias resistors set the DC operating point for transformer coupled drive circuits and can set the logic threshold for single-ended drive circuits. LTC1744 5V BIAS VDD ANALOG INPUT 2V BIAS TO INTERNAL ADC CIRCUITS 6k ENC 0.1µF 1:4 CLOCK INPUT 50Ω VDD 2V BIAS 6k ENC 1744 F07 Figure 7. Transformer Driven ENC/ENC 1744f 16 LTC1744 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Any noise present on the encode signal will result in additional aperture jitter that will be RMS summed with the inherent ADC aperture jitter. In applications where jitter is critical (high input frequencies) take the following into consideration: 1. Differential drive should be used. 2. Use as large an amplitude as possible; if transformer coupled use a higher turns ratio to increase the amplitude. 3. If the ADC is clocked with a sinusoidal signal, filter the encode signal to reduce wideband noise. 4. Balance the capacitance and series resistance at both encode inputs so that any coupled noise will appear at both inputs as common mode noise. The encode inputs have a common mode range of 1.8V to VDD. Each input may be driven from ground to VDD for single-ended drive. Maximum and Minimum Encode Rates The maximum encode rate for the LTC1744 is 50Msps. For the ADC to operate properly the ENCODE signal should have a 50% (±5%) duty cycle. Each half cycle must have at least 9.5ns for the ADC internal circuitry to have enough settling time for proper operation. Achieving a precise 50% duty cycle is easy with differential sinusoidal drive using a transformer or using symmetric differential logic such as PECL or LVDS. When using a single-ended ENCODE signal asymmetric rise and fall times can result in duty cycles that are far from 50%. At sample rates slower than 50Msps the duty cycle can vary from 50% as long as each half cycle is at least 9.5ns. The lower limit of the LTC1744 sample rate is determined by droop of the sample-and-hold circuits. The pipelined architecture of this ADC relies on storing analog signals on small valued capacitors. Junction leakage will discharge the capacitors. The specified minimum operating frequency for the LTC1744 is 1Msps. 3.3V MC100LVELT22 ENC VTHRESHOLD = 2V 3.3V 130Ω Q0 ENC D0 2V ENC 130Ω LTC1744 ENC Q0 0.1µF 83Ω LTC1744 83Ω 1744 F08a 1744 F08b Figure 8a. Single-Ended ENC Drive, Not Recommended for Low Jitter Figure 8b. ENC Drive Using a CMOS-to-PECL Translator 1744f 17 LTC1744 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO DIGITAL OUTPUTS Lower OVDD voltages will also help reduce interference from the digital outputs. Digital Output Buffers Figure 9 shows an equivalent circuit for a single output buffer. Each buffer is powered by OVDD and OGND, isolated from the ADC power and ground. The additional N-channel transistor in the output driver allows operation down to low voltages. The internal resistor in series with the output makes the output appear as 50Ω to external circuitry and may eliminate the need for external damping resistors. Output Loading As with all high speed/high resolution converters the digital output loading can affect the performance. The digital outputs of the LTC1744 should drive a minimal capacitive load to avoid possible interaction between the digital outputs and sensitive input circuitry. The output should be buffered with a device such as an ALVCH16373 CMOS latch. For full speed operation the capacitive load should be kept under 10pF. A resistor in series with the output may be used but is not required since the ADC has a series resistor of 43Ω on chip. Format The LTC1744 parallel digital output can be selected for offset binary or 2’s complement format. The format is selected with the MSBINV pin; high selects offset binary. Overflow Bit An overflow output bit indicates when the converter is overranged or underranged. When OF outputs a logic high the converter is either overranged or underranged. Output Clock The ADC has a delayed version of the ENC input available as a digital output, CLKOUT. The CLKOUT pin can be used to synchronize the converter data to the digital system. This is necessary when using a sinusoidal ENCODE. Data will be updated just after CLKOUT falls and can be latched on the rising edge of CLKOUT. LTC1744 VDD OVDD VDD 0.5V TO VDD 0.1µF OVDD DATA FROM LATCH PREDRIVER LOGIC 43Ω TYPICAL DATA OUTPUT OE OGND 1744 F09 Figure 9. Equivalent Circuit for a Digital Output Buffer 1744f 18 LTC1744 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Output Driver Power Separate output power and ground pins allow the output drivers to be isolated from the analog circuitry. The power supply for the digital output buffers, OVDD, should be tied to the same power supply as for the logic being driven. For example if the converter is driving a DSP powered by a 3V supply then OVDD should be tied to that same 3V supply. OVDD can be powered with any voltage up to 5V. The logic outputs will swing between OGND and OVDD. Output Enable The outputs may be disabled with the output enable pin, OE. OE low disables all data outputs including OF and CLKOUT. The data access and bus relinquish times are too slow to allow the outputs to be enabled and disabled during full speed operation. The output Hi-Z state is intended for use during long periods of inactivity. GROUNDING AND BYPASSING The LTC1744 requires a printed circuit board with a clean unbroken ground plane. A multilayer board with an internal ground plane is recommended. The pinout of the LTC1744 has been optimized for a flowthrough layout so that the interaction between inputs and digital outputs is minimized. Layout for the printed circuit board should ensure that digital and analog signal lines are separated as much as possible. In particular, care should be taken not to run any digital track alongside an analog signal track, an encode signal track or underneath the ADC. High quality ceramic bypass capacitors should be used at the VDD, VCM, REFHA, REFHB, REFLA and REFLB pins as shown in the block diagram on the front page of this data sheet. Bypass capacitors must be located as close to the pins as possible. Of particular importance are the capacitors between REFHA and REFLB and between REFHB and REFLA. These capacitors should be as close to the device as possible (1.5mm or less). Size 0402 ceramic capacitors are recomended. The large 4.7µF capacitor between REFHA and REFLA can be somewhat further away. The traces connecting the pins and bypass capacitors must be kept short and should be made as wide as possible. The LTC1744 differential inputs should run parallel and close to each other. The input traces should be as short as possible to minimize capacitance and to minimize noise pickup. An analog ground plane separate from the digital processing system ground should be used. All ADC ground pins labeled GND should connect to this plane. All ADC VDD bypass capacitors, reference bypass capacitors and input filter capacitors should connect to this analog plane. The LTC1744 has three output driver ground pins, labeled OGND (Pins 27, 38 and 47). These grounds should connect to the digital processing system ground. The output driver supply, OVDD should be connected to the digital processing system supply. OVDD bypass capacitors should bypass to the digital system ground. The digital processing system ground should connected to the analog plane at ADC OGND (Pin 38). HEAT TRANSFER Most of the heat generated by the LTC1744 is transferred from the die through the package leads onto the printed circuit board. In particular, ground pins 12, 13, 36 and 37 are fused to the die attach pad. These pins have the lowest thermal resistance between the die and the outside environment. It is critical that all ground pins are connected to a ground plane of sufficient area. The layout of the evaluation circuit shown on the following pages has a low thermal resistance path to the internal ground plane by using multiple vias near the ground pins. A ground plane of this size results in a thermal resistance from the die to ambient of 35°C/W. Smaller area ground planes or poorly connected ground pins will result in higher thermal resistance. 1744f 19 C1 4.7µF • • C29 TBD R21 100Ω • R23 3k • R11 50Ω T2 MINICIRCUITS T1-1T R3 100Ω E3 GND E4 GND E5 GND R2 37Ω R1** 0Ω R9** 10Ω C11 1µF 5V R22 100Ω JP3 C5 18pF C9 0.15µF C26 0.15µF C14 0.15µF JP4 R5 1Ω 5V R Y* R X* C3 10µF C27 C15 0.15µF 0.15µF C7 0.15µF C18 4.7µF C13 0.15µF C6 2.2µF C24** 18pF INPUT TWO RANGE COMPLEMENT SELECT SELECT C8 4.7µF C25** 18pF R10** 0Ω R7 37Ω R4 100Ω R24 2k C2 4.7µF T1 MINICIRCUITS T1-1T GND VDD VOUT *RX, RY = INPUT RANGE SET **DO NOT INSTALL C24, C25, R1, R9 AND R10 5V J5 ENCODE INPUT J4 J3 J1 ANALOG INPUT 5V R8 0Ω 4 3 OUT 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 SENSE C17 4.7µF ENC ENC MSBINV GND VDD GND VDD VDD GND REFHB REFLA GND GND REFHA REFLB GND VDD VDD GND AIN– AIN+ GND VCM 2 1 OF 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 C4 4.7µF C16 10µF OE CLKOUT OGND D0 D1 D2 D3 OVDD D4 D5 D6 GND GND OGND D7 D8 D9 D10 OVDD D11 D12 D13 OGND U5 LTC1744 TAB GND IN U3 LT1521-3 3V 45 RN4C 33Ω E2 C23 PGND 0.1µF E1 5V RN4D 33Ω 44 RN4B 33Ω 1LE 1D1 1D2 GND 1D3 1D4 VCC 1D5 1D6 GND 1D7 1D8 2D1 2D2 GND 2D3 2D4 VCC 2D5 2D6 GND 2D7 2D8 2LE C20 0.1µF 1OE 1Q1 1Q2 GND 1Q3 1Q4 VCC 1Q5 1Q6 GND 1Q7 1Q8 2Q1 2Q2 GND 2Q3 2Q4 VCC 2Q5 2Q6 GND 2Q7 2Q8 2OE U4 P174VCX16373V C19 0.1µF 48 47 46 43 RN4A 33Ω 42 41 C10 0.1µF RN3D 33Ω 40 39 38 37 36 RN3C 33Ω RN3B 33Ω RN3A 33Ω 34 RN2D 33Ω 35 33 32 RN2C 33Ω 31 RN2B 33Ω 30 29 28 27 26 25 RN2A 33Ω C12 0.1µF RN1C 33Ω RN1B 33Ω RN1A 33Ω R6 33.2Ω 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 JP2 C21 0.1µF RN8B 33Ω RN8A 33Ω RN7D 33Ω RN7C 33Ω RN7B 33Ω RN7A 33Ω RN6D 33Ω RN6C 33Ω RN6B 33Ω RN6A 33Ω RN5D 33Ω RN5C 33Ω RN5B 33Ω RN5A 33Ω 1744 TA01 C22 0.1µF U2 10T74ALVC1G86 3V C28 0.1µF 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 J2 3201S-40G1 U U 20 W U1 LT1460-2.5 APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO U DC345B Evaluation Circuit Schematic of the LTC1744 LTC1744 1744f LTC1744 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Topside Silkscreen Topside Copper Layer Ground Plane, Layer 2 1744f 21 LTC1744 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Split Power Plane, Layer 3 Bottom Side Copper, Layer 4 1744f 22 LTC1744 U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO FW Package 48-Lead Plastic TSSOP (6.1mm) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1651) 12.4 – 12.6* (.488 – .496) 0.95 ±0.10 8.1 ±0.10 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 6.2 ±0.10 7.9 – 8.3 (.311 – .327) 0.32 ±0.05 0.50 TYP 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT 1.20 (.0473) MAX 6.0 – 6.2** (.236 – .244) 0° – 8° -T.10 C -C0.09 – 0.20 (.0035 – .008) 0.45 – 0.75 (.018 – .029) 0.50 (.0197) BSC 0.17 – 0.27 (.0067 – .0106) 0.05 – 0.15 (.002 – .006) FW48 TSSOP 0502 NOTE: 1. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS MILLIMETERS 2. DIMENSIONS ARE IN (INCHES) 3. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE *DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED .152mm (.006") PER SIDE **DIMENSIONS DO NOT INCLUDE INTERLEAD FLASH. INTERLEAD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED .254mm (.010") PER SIDE 1744f Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 23 LTC1744 RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER ® DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LT 1019 Precision Bandgap Reference 0.05% Max Initial Accuracy, 5ppm/°C Max Drift LTC1196 8-Bit, 1Msps ADC 3V to 5V, SO-8 LTC1405 12-Bit, 5Msps, Sampling ADC with Parallel Output Pin Compatible with the LTC1420 LTC1406 8-Bit, 20Msps ADC Undersampling Capability Up to 70MHz Input LTC1411 14-Bit, 2.5Msps ADC No Pipeline Delay, 5V, 80dB SINAD LTC1410 12-Bit, 1.25Msps ADC ±5V, 71dB SINAD LTC1412 12-Bit, 3Msps, Sampling ADC with Parallel Output ±5V, No Pipeline Delay, SINAD = 72dB at Nyquist LTC1414 14-Bit, 2.2Msps ADC ±5V, No Pipeline Delay, 80dB SINAD, 95dB SFDR LTC1415 Single 5V, 12-Bit, 1.25Msps with Parallel Output 55mW Power Dissipation, 72dB SINAD LTC1419 14-Bit, 800ksps ADC ±5V, 95dB SFDR, 150mW LTC1420 12-Bit, 10Msps ADC 71dB SINAD and 83dB SFDR at Nyquist LT1460 Micropower Precision Series Reference 0.075% Accuracy, 10ppm/°C Drift LTC1604/LTC1608 16-Bit, 333ksps/500ksps ADCs 16-Bit, No Missing Codes, 90dB SINAD, –100dB THD LTC1668 16-Bit, 50Msps DAC 87dB SFDR at 1MHz fOUT, Low Power, Low Cost LTC1741 12-Bit, 65Msps Low Noise ADC Pin Compatible with the LTC1744 LTC1742 14-Bit, 65Msps Low Noise ADC Pin Compatible with the LTC1744 LTC1743 12-Bit, 50Msps Low Noise ADC Pin Compatible with the LTC1744 LTC1745 12-Bit, 25Msps Low Noise ADC Pin Compatible with the LTC1744 LTC1746 14-Bit, 25Msps Low Noise ADC Pin Compatible with the LTC1744 LTC1747 12-Bit, 80Msps Low Noise ADC Pin Compatible with the LTC1744 LTC1748 14-Bit, 80Msps Low Noise ADC Pin Compatible with the LTC1744 1744f 24 Linear Technology Corporation LT/TP 0803 1K • PRINTED IN THE USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2002