a 615 kV ESD Protected, EMC Compliant Slew Rate Limited, EIA RS-485 Transceiver ADM483E FEATURES Robust RS-485 Transceiver 15 kV ESD Protection Using HBM 2 kV EFT Protection Meets IEC1000-4-4 High EM Immunity Meets IEC1000-4-3 Reduced Slew Rate for Low EM Interference 250 kbps Data Rate Single +5 V 6 10% Supply –7 V to +12 V Bus Common-Mode Range 12 kV Input Impedance Short Circuit Protection Excellent Noise Immunity 36 mA Supply Current 0.1 mA Shutdown Current FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM ADM483E RO R B RE DE DI A D APPLICATIONS Low Power RS-485 Systems Electrically Harsh Environments EMI Sensitive Applications DTE-DCE Interface Packet Switching Local Area Networks GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADM483E is a robust, low power differential line transceiver suitable for communication on multipoint bus transmission lines. Internal protection against electrostatic discharge (ESD), electrical fast transient (EFT) and electromagnetic immunity (EMI) allows operation in electrically harsh environments. ESD protection on the I-O lines meets ± 15 kV when tested using the Human Body Model. EFT protection meets ± 2 kV in accordance with IEC1000-4-4, while EMI immunity is in excess of 10 V/m meeting IEC1000-4-3. The level of unwanted emissions is also carefully controlled using slew limiting on the driver outputs. This reduces reflections with improperly terminated cables and also minimizes electromagnetic interference. The controlled slew rate limits the data rate to 250 kbps. The ADM483E is intended for balanced data transmission and complies with both EIA Standards RS-485 and RS-422. It contains a differential line driver and a differential line receiver and is suitable for half duplex data transmission, as the driver and receiver share the same differential pins. The input impedance on the ADM483E is 12 kΩ, allowing up to 32 transceivers on the bus. The ADM483E operates from a single +5 V ± 10% power supply. Excessive power dissipation caused by bus contention or by output shorting is prevented by a thermal shutdown circuit. This feature forces the driver output into a high impedance state if, during fault conditions, a significant temperature increase is detected in the internal driver circuitry. The receiver contains a fail-safe feature that results in a logic high output state if the inputs are unconnected (floating). The ADM483E is fabricated on BiCMOS, an advanced mixed technology process combining low power CMOS with robust bipolar technology. It is fully specified over the industrial temperature range and is available in 8-lead DIP and SOIC packages. REV. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 617/329-4700 World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com Fax: 617/326-8703 © Analog Devices, Inc., 1997 ADM483E–SPECIFICATIONS (V CC Parameter Min = +5 V 6 10%. All specifications TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise noted) Typ DRIVER Differential Output Voltage, VOD 2.0 1.5 1.5 ∆|VOD| for Complementary Output States Common-Mode Output Voltage VOC ∆|VOC| for Complementary Output States Output Short Circuit Current (VOUT = High) Output Short Circuit Current (VOUT = Low) CMOS Input Logic Threshold Low, VINL CMOS Input Logic Threshold High, VINH 2.0 Logic Input Current (DE, DI) RECEIVER Differential Input Threshold Voltage, VTH Input Voltage Hysteresis, ∆VTH Input Resistance Input Current (A, B) 1.4 1.4 –0.2 Units Test Conditions/Comments 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.2 3 0.2 250 250 0.8 V V V V V V V mA mA V V µA VCC = 5.25 V. R = ∞, Figure 1 R = 50 Ω (RS-422), Figure 1 R = 27 Ω (RS-485), Figure 1 VTST = –7 V to +12 V, Figure 2, VCC ≥ 4.75 V R = 27 Ω or 50 Ω, Figure 1 R = 27 Ω or 50 Ω, Figure 1 R = 27 Ω or 50 Ω –7 V ≤ VO ≤ +12 V –7 V ≤ VO ≤ +12 V –7 V ≤ VCM ≤ +12 V VCM = 0 V –7 V ≤ VCM ≤ +12 V VIN = 12 V VIN = –7 V 85 ± 1.0 V mV kΩ mA mA µA V V mA µA 60 360 10 µA µA µA Outputs Unloaded, Receivers Enabled DE = 0 V (Disabled) RE = 0 V DE = 5 V (Enabled) = RE = 0 V DE = 0 V, RE = VCC kV kV kV V/m HBM Air Discharge. A, B Pins HBM 3015.7 Contact Discharge. All Pins IEC1000-4-4, A, B Pins IEC1000-4-3 ± 1.0 +0.2 70 12 +1 –0.8 Logic Enable Input Current (RE) CMOS Output Voltage Low, VOL CMOS Output Voltage High, VOH Short Circuit Output Current Three-State Output Leakage Current Max ±1 0.4 4.0 7 POWER SUPPLY CURRENT ICC (ADM483E) 36 270 0.1 Supply Current in Shutdown ESD/EFT IMMUNITY ESD Protection ± 15 ± 3.5 ±2 10 EFT Protection EMI Immunity IOUT = +4.0 mA IOUT = –4.0 mA VOUT = GND or VCC 0.4 V ≤ VOUT ≤ +2.4 V Specifications subject to change without notice. TIMING SPECIFICATIONS (VCC = +5 V 6 10%. All specifications TMIN to TMAX unless otherwise noted.) Parameter DRIVER Propagation Delay Input to Output TPLH, TPHL Driver O/P to O/P TSKEW Driver Rise/Fall Time TR, TF Driver Enable to Output Valid Driver Disable Timing RECEIVER Propagation Delay Input to Output TPLH, TPHL Skew |TPLH–TPHL| Receiver Enable TEN1 Receiver Disable TEN2 SHUTDOWN Time to Shutdown Driver Enable from Shutdown Receiver Enable from Shutdown Min Typ Max Units Test Conditions/Comments 250 2000 800 2000 2000 3000 ns ns ns ns ns RL Diff = 54 Ω CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF, Figure 5 RL Diff = 54 Ω CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF, Figure 5 RL Diff = 54 Ω CL1 = CL2 = 100 pF, Figure 5 RL = 500 Ω, CL = 100 pF, Figure 3 RL = 500 Ω, CL = 15 pF, Figure 3 2000 CL = 15 pF, Figure 5 50 50 ns ns ns ns RL = 1 kΩ, CL = 15 pF, Figure 4 RL = 1 kΩ, CL = 15 pF, Figure 4 600 2000 2500 ns ns ns RL = 500 Ω, CL = 100 pF, Figure 3 RL = 1 kΩ, CL = 15 pF, Figure 4 100 250 250 300 250 200 10 10 50 200 Specifications subject to change without notice. –2– REV. 0 ADM483E ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTION (TA = +25°C unless otherwise noted) VCC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .+7 V Inputs Driver Input (DI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC + 0.5 V Control Inputs (DE, RE) . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC + 0.5 V Receiver Inputs (A, B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –14 V to +14 V Outputs Driver Outputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –12.5 V to +12.5 V Receiver Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.5 V to VCC +0.5 V ESD Rating: Air (Human Body Model) (A, B Pins) . . ± 15 kV ESD Rating: Contact (Human Body Model) (A, B Pins) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 8 kV ESD Rating MIL-STD-883B Method 3015 (Except A, B) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 3.5 kV EFT Rating (IEC1000-4-4) (A, B Pins) . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 2 kV EMI Immunity (IEC1000-4-3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 V/m Power Dissipation 8-Pin DIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727 mW θJA, Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +135°C/W Power Dissipation 8-Pin SOIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 mW θJA, Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +110°C/W Operating Temperature Range Industrial (A Version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . –65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . +300°C Vapor Phase (60 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +215°C Infrared (15 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +220°C Pin Mnemonic Function 1 RO Receiver Output. When enabled if A > B by 200 mV, then RO = High. If A < B by 200 mV, then RO = Low. 2 RE Receiver Output Enable. A low level enables the receiver output, RO. A high level places it in a high impedance state. 3 DE Driver Output Enable. A high level enables the driver differential outputs, A and B. A low level places it in a high impedance state. 4 DI Driver Input. When the driver is enabled a logic Low on DI forces A low and B high while a logic High on DI forces A high and B low. 5 GND Ground Connection, 0 V. 6 A Noninverting Receiver Input A/Driver Output A. 7 B Inverting Receiver Input B/Driver Output B. 8 VCC Power Supply, 5 V ± 10%. PIN CONFIGURATION *Stresses above those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum ratings for extended periods may affect device reliability. Temperature Range Package Option ADM483EAN ADM483EAR –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C N-8 SO-8 VCC 7 B 6 A DI 4 5 GND RE 2 DE 3 ORDERING GUIDE Model 1 8 RO ADM483E TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) Table I. Selection Table Part No. Duplex Data Rate kb/s Low Power Shutdown Tx/Rx Enable ICC mA No of Tx/Rx On Bus ESD kV EFT kV EMI V/m ADM483E Half 250 Yes Yes 36 32 ± 15 ±2 10 REV. 0 –3– ADM483E Test Circuits VCC A R RL S1 0V OR 3V VOD DE R S2 CL VOUT B VOC DE IN Figure 1. Driver Voltage Measurement Test Circuit Figure 3. Driver Enable/Disable Test Circuit VCC +15V 375Ω S1 VOD3 60Ω RL S2 VTST RE –15V CL VOUT 375Ω RE IN Figure 2. Driver Voltage Measurement Test Circuit 2 Figure 4. Receiver Enable/Disable Test Circuit CL1 DI A RO RLDIFF D R CL2 B RE Figure 5. Receiver Propagation Delay Test Circuit Switching Characteristics 3V 3V 1.5V 1.5V DE TPLH 0V 1.5V 1.5V TPHL 0V TZL B TLZ 1/2VO VO A, B 2.3V A VOL+ 0.5V TSKEW VO TSKEW 90% POINT VOL TZH 90% POINT THZ VOH 0V –VO 10% POINT A, B 10% POINT TR VOH – 0.5V 2.3V TF 0V Figure 7. Driver Enable/Disable Timing Figure 6. Driver Propagation Delay, Rise/Fall Timing 3V RE A–B 1.5V 1.5V 0V 0V 0V TZL TPLH TPHL R TLZ 1.5V VOL+ 0.5V O/P LOW VOH VOL RO 1.5V TZH 1.5V THZ VOH O/P HIGH VOL R 1.5V VOH – 0.5V 0V Figure 8. Receiver Propagation Delay Figure 9. Receiver Enable/Disable Timing –4– REV. 0 Typical Performance Characteristics–ADM483E 40 90 0 80 30 25 20 15 10 OUTPUT CURRENT – mA OUTPUT CURRENT – mA OUTPUT CURRENT – mA 35 –5 –10 –15 60 50 40 30 20 5 10 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE – Volts –20 3.4 2.5 Figure 11. Receiver Output Low Voltage vs. Output Current 0 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 OUTPUT VOLTAGE – Volts 0 5.0 Figure 12. Receiver Output High Voltage vs. Output Current 0 80 –10 70 –20 OUTPUT CURRENT – mA –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE – Volts 3.0 Figure 13. Driver Output Low Voltage vs. Output Current T 100 90 60 T 50 RO 40 T DI 30 10 0% 20 10 –80 –90 0 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE – Volts Figure 14. Driver Output High Voltage vs. Output Current 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 OUTPUT VOLTAGE – Volts Figure 16. ADM483E Driving 4000 ft. of Cable Figure 15. Driver Differential Output Voltage vs. Output Current dBµV 100 90 10dB/DIV 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 LIMIT dBµV OUTPUT CURRENT – mA 70 LIMIT 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 10 0% 0 500kHz/DIV 5MHz Figure 17. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot Transmitting @ 150 kHz REV. 0 0 0 30 FREQUENCY – MHz 3 6 10 0.3 0.6 1 LOG FREQUENCY (0.15–30) – MHz Figure 18. Radiated Emissions Figure 19. Conducted Emissions 200 –5– 30 ADM483E GENERAL INFORMATION The ADM483E is a ruggedized RS-485 transceiver that operates from a single +5 V supply. Tables II and III show the truth tables for transmitting and receiving. Table II. Transmitting Truth Table It contains protection against radiated and conducted interference, including high levels of electrostatic discharge. Inputs The receiver contains a fail-safe feature that results in a logic high output state if the inputs are unconnected (floating). +5V 0.1µF B A A ADM483E RS485/RS-422 LINK DI RO DE GND GND RO 1 0 1 Hi-Z X = Don’t Care. Although very little energy is contained within an ESD pulse, the extremely fast rise time, coupled with high voltages, can cause failures in unprotected semiconductors. Catastrophic destruction can occur immediately as a result of arcing or heating. Even if catastrophic failure does not occur immediately, the device may suffer from parametric degradation, which may result in degraded performance. The cumulative effects of continuous exposure can eventually lead to complete failure. DE DI B A-B ≥ +0.2 V ≤ –0.2 V Inputs O/C X Two coupling methods are used for ESD testing, contact discharge and air-gap discharge. Contact discharge calls for a direct connection to the unit being tested. Air-gap discharge uses a higher test voltage but does not make direct contact with the unit under test. With air discharge, the discharge gun is moved toward the unit under test, developing an arc across the air gap, hence the term air-discharge. This method is influenced by humidity, temperature, barometric pressure, distance and rate of closure of the discharge gun. The contact-discharge method, while less realistic, is more repeatable and is gaining acceptance and preference over the air-gap method. The communications network may be extended to include multipoint connections as shown in Figure 30. Up to 32 transceivers may be connected to the bus. ADM483E DE 0 0 0 0 ESD TESTING A typical application for the ADM483E is illustrated in Figure 20. This shows a half-duplex link where data may be transferred at rates up to 250 kbps. A terminating resistor is shown at both ends of the link. This termination is not critical since the slew rate is controlled by the ADM483E and reflections are minimized. RO RE 0 0 0 1 Outputs The protection structure achieves ESD protection up to ± 15 kV according to the Human Body Model, and EFT protection up to ± 2 kV on all I-O lines. The ADM483 can transmit at data rates up to 250 kbps. VCC Inputs The ADM483E uses protective clamping structures on its inputs and outputs that clamp the voltage to a safe level and dissipates the energy present in ESD (Electrostatic) and EFT (Electrical Fast Transients) discharges. Low electromagnetic emissions are achieved using slew limited drivers, minimizing interference both conducted and radiated. VCC A 1 0 Hi-Z Hi-Z ESD/EFT TRANSIENT PROTECTION SCHEME A high level of robustness is achieved using internal protection circuitry, eliminating the need for external protection components such as tranzorbs or surge suppressors. RE B 0 1 Hi-Z Hi-Z Table III. Receiving Truth Table The ADM483E operates from a single +5 V ± 10% power supply. Excessive power dissipation caused by bus contention or by output shorting is prevented by a thermal shutdown circuit. This feature forces the driver output into a high impedance state if, during fault conditions, a significant temperature increase is detected in the internal driver circuitry. 0.1µF DI 1 0 X X X = Don’t Care. The input impedance on the ADM483E is 12 kΩ, allowing up to 32 transceivers on the differential bus. +5V DE 1 1 0 0 RE X X 0 1 It is ideally suited for operation in electrically harsh environments or where cables may be plugged/unplugged. It is also immune to high RF field strengths without special shielding precautions. It is intended for balanced data transmission and complies with both EIA Standards RS-485 and RS-422. It contains a differential line driver and a differential line receiver, and is suitable for half duplex data transmission as the driver and receiver share the same differential pins. Outputs RE HIGH VOLTAGE GENERATOR R2 DEVICE UNDER TEST C1 Figure 20. Typical Half-Duplex Link Application ESD Test Method R2 C1 Human Body Model 1.5K 100pF Figure 21. ESD Generator –6– REV. 0 ADM483E I-O lines are particularly vulnerable to ESD damage. Simply touching or plugging in an I-O cable can result in a static discharge that can damage or completely destroy the interface product connected to the I-O port. V t It is, therefore, extremely important to have high levels of ESD protection on the I-O lines. 300ms 16ms V It is possible that the ESD discharge could induce latchup in the device under test. It is therefore important that ESD testing on the I-O pins be carried out while device power is applied. This type of testing is more representative of a real world I-O discharge where the equipment is operating normally when the discharge occurs. 5ns 50ns t 0.2/0.4ms 100% Figure 23. IEC1000-4-4 Fast Transient Waveform 90% IPEAK Table V shows the peak voltages for each of the environments. Table V. Level VPEAK (kV) PSU VPEAK (kV) I-O 1 2 3 4 0.5 1 2 4 0.25 0.5 1 2 36.8% 10% TIME t tRL tDL Figure 22. Human Body Model ESD Current Waveform Table IV. ADM483E ESD Test Results ESD Test Method I-O Pins Other Pins Human Body Model: Air Human Body Model: Contact ± 15 kV ± 8 kV ± 3.5 V FAST TRANSIENT BURST IMMUNITY (IEC1000-4-4) IEC1000-4-4 (previously 801-4) covers electrical fast-transient/ burst (EFT) immunity. Electrical fast transients occur as a result of arcing contacts in switches and relays. The tests simulate the interference generated when, for example, a power relay disconnects an inductive load. A spark is generated due to the well known back EMF effect. In fact, the spark consists of a burst of sparks as the relay contacts separate. The voltage appearing on the line, therefore, consists of a burst of extremely fast transient impulses. A similar effect occurs when switching on fluorescent lights. The fast transient burst test, defined in IEC1000-4-4, simulates this arcing and its waveform is illustrated in Figure 23. It consists of a burst of 2.5 kHz to 5 kHz transients repeating at 300 ms intervals. It is specified for both power and data lines. Four severity levels are defined in terms of an open-circuit voltage as a function of installation environment. The installation environments are defined as 1. 2. 3. 4. Well-protected Protected Typical Industrial Severe Industrial REV. 0 A simplified circuit diagram of the actual EFT generator is illustrated in Figure 24. These transients are coupled onto the signal lines using an EFT coupling clamp. The clamp is 1 m long and completely surrounds the cable, providing maximum coupling capacitance (50 pF to 200 pF typ) between the clamp and the cable. High energy transients are capacitively coupled onto the signal lines. Fast rise times (5 ns) as specified by the standard result in very effective coupling. This test is very severe since high voltages are coupled onto the signal lines. The repetitive transients can often cause problems, where single pulses do not. Destructive latchup may be induced due to the high energy content of the transients. Note that this stress is applied while the interface products are powered up and are transmitting data. The EFT test applies hundreds of pulses with higher energy than ESD. Worst case transient current on an I-O line can be as high as 40 A. HIGH VOLTAGE SOURCE RC CC RM CD L 50Ω OUTPUT ZS Figure 24. EFT Generator Test results are classified according to the following 1. Normal performance within specification limits. 2. Temporary degradation or loss of performance that is selfrecoverable. 3. Temporary degradation or loss of function or performance that requires operator intervention or system reset. 4. Degradation or loss of function that is not recoverable due to damage. –7– ADM483E EMI EMISSIONS The ADM483E has been tested under worst case conditions using unshielded cables, and meets Classification 2 at severity Level 4. Data transmission during the transient condition is corrupted, but it may be resumed immediately following the EFT event without user intervention. The ADM483E contains internal slew rate limiting in order to minimize the level of electromagnetic interference generated. Figure 25 shows an FFT plot when transmitting a 150 kHz data stream. RADIATED IMMUNITY (IEC1000-4-3) IEC1000-4-3 (previously IEC801-3) describes the measurement method and defines the levels of immunity to radiated electromagnetic fields. It was originally intended to simulate the electromagnetic fields generated by portable radio transceivers or any other device that generates continuous wave radiated electromagnetic energy. Its scope has since been broadened to include spurious EM energy, which can be radiated from fluorescent lights, thyristor drives, inductive loads, etc. 100 90 10dB/DIV 10 0% Testing for immunity involves irradiating the device with an EM field. There are various methods of achieving this including use of anechoic chamber, stripline cell, TEM cell and GTEM cell. These consist essentially of two parallel plates with an electric field developed between them. The device under test is placed between the plates and exposed to the electric field. There are three severity levels having field strengths ranging from 1 V to 10 V/m. Results are classified in a similar fashion to those for IEC1000-4-2. 0 As may be seen, the slew limiting attenuates the high frequency components. EMI is therefore reduced, as are reflections due to improperly terminated cables. EN55022, CISPR22 defines the permitted limits of radiated and conducted interference from Information Technology Equipment (ITE). The objective is to control the level of emissions, both conducted and radiated. For ease of measurement and analysis, conducted emissions are assumed to predominate below 30 MHz, while radiated emissions predominate above this frequency. The ADM483E comfortably meets Classification 1 at the most stringent (Level 3) requirement. In fact, field strengths up to 30 V/m showed no performance degradation and error-free data transmission continued even during irradiation. CONDUCTED EMISSIONS This is a measure of noise that is conducted onto the mains power supply. The noise is measured using a LISN (Linc Impedance Stabilizing Network) and a spectrum analyzer. The test setup is illustrated in Figure 26. The spectrum analyzer is set to scan the spectrum from 0 MHz to 30 MHz. Figure 27 shows that the level of conducted emissions from the ADM483E are well below the allowable limits. Table VI. Field Strength 1 2 3 1 3 10 5MHz Figure 25. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot Transmitting @ 150 kHz 1. Normal Operation. 2. Temporary Degradation or loss of function that is selfrecoverable when the interfering signal is removed. 3. Temporary degradation or loss of function that requires operator intervention or system reset when the interfering signal is removed. 4. Degradation or loss of function that is not recoverable due to damage. Level V/m 500kHz/DIV SPECTRUM ANALYSER DUT LISN PSU Figure 26. Conducted Emissions Test Setup –8– REV. 0 ADM483E APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Differential Data Transmission 80 70 LIMIT 60 dBµV 50 40 30 20 The RS-422 standard specifies data rates up to 10 MBaud and line lengths up to 4000 ft. A single driver can drive a transmission line with up to 10 receivers. 10 0 0.3 0.6 1 3 6 10 LOG FREQUENCY (0.15–30) – MHz Differential data transmission is used to reliably transmit data at high rates over long distances and through noisy environments. Differential transmission nullifies the effects of ground shifts and noise signals that appear as common-mode voltages on the line. There are two main standards approved by the Electronics Industries Association (EIA) that specify the electrical characteristics of transceivers used in differential data transmission. 30 Figure 27. Conducted Emissions RADIATED EMISSIONS Radiated emissions are measured at frequencies in excess of 30 MHz. A typical test setup for monitoring radiated emissions is illustrated in Figure 28. RADIATED NOISE In order to cater for true multipoint communications, the RS485 standard was defined. This standard meets or exceeds all the requirements of RS-422, but also allows for up to 32 drivers and 32 receivers to be connected to a single bus. An extended common-mode range of –7 V to +12 V is defined. The most significant difference between RS-422 and RS-485 is the fact that the drivers may be disabled, thereby allowing more than one (32 in fact) to be connected to a single line. Only one driver should be enabled at a time, but the RS-485 standard contains additional specifications to guarantee device safety in the event of line contention. Cable and Data Rate OUT TURNTABLE ADJUSTABLE ANTENNA TO RECEIVER Figure 28. Radiated Emissions Test Setup Figure 29 shows that the level of radiated emissions is also well below the allowable limit. 80 The transmission line of choice for RS-485 communications is a twisted pair. Twisted pair cable tends to cancel common-mode noise and also causes cancellation of the magnetic fields generated by the current flowing through each wire, thereby reducing the effective inductance of the pair. A typical application showing a multipoint transmission network is illustrated in Figure 30. An RS-485 transmission line can have as many as 32 transceivers on the bus. Only one driver can transmit at a particular time, but multiple receivers may be enabled simultaneously. 70 RT RT 60 dBµV 50 D 40 D LIMIT 30 R R 20 10 R 0 30 D R D 200 FREQUENCY – MHz Figure 29. Radiated Emissions REV. 0 Figure 30. Typical RS-485 Network –9– ADM483E OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Dimensions shown in inches and (mm). 8-Lead SOIC (SO-8) 0.1968 (5.00) 0.1890 (4.80) 0.1574 (4.00) 0.1497 (3.80) 8 5 1 4 PIN 1 0.2440 (6.20) 0.2284 (5.80) 0.0688 (1.75) 0.0532 (1.35) 0.0098 (0.25) 0.0040 (0.10) 0.0500 0.0192 (0.49) (1.27) 0.0138 (0.35) BSC SEATING PLANE 0.0196 (0.50) x 45° 0.0099 (0.25) 0.0098 (0.25) 0.0075 (0.19) 8° 0° 0.0500 (1.27) 0.0160 (0.41) 8-Pin Plastic DIP (N-8) 0.430 (10.92) 0.348 (8.84) 8 5 0.280 (7.11) 0.240 (6.10) 1 4 PIN 1 0.210 (5.33) MAX 0.060 (1.52) 0.015 (0.38) 0.130 (3.30) MIN 0.160 (4.06) 0.115 (2.93) 0.022 (0.558) 0.100 0.070 (1.77) 0.014 (0.356) (2.54) 0.045 (1.15) BSC SEATING PLANE –10– 0.325 (8.25) 0.300 (7.62) 0.195 (4.95) 0.115 (2.93) 0.015 (0.381) 0.008 (0.204) REV. 0 –11– –12– PRINTED IN U.S.A. C2934–12–1/97