Multichannel, 24-Bit, 192 kHz, - DAC AD1833A FEATURES 5 V Stereo Audio System with 3.3 V Tolerant Digital Interface Supports 96 kHz Sample Rates on 6 Channels and 192 kHz on 2 Channels Supports 16-/20-/24-Bit Word Lengths Multibit - Modulators with Perfect Differential Linearity Restoration for Reduced Idle Tones and Noise Floor Data Directed Scrambling DACs—Least Sensitive to Jitter Differential Output for Optimum Performance DACs Signal-to-Noise and Dynamic Range: 110 dB –94 dB THD + N—6-Channel Mode –95 dB THD + N—2-Channel Mode On-Chip Volume Control per Channel with 1024-Step Linear Scale Software Controllable Clickless Mute Digital De-emphasis Processing Supports 256 fS, 512 f S, and 768 fS Master Clock Modes Power-Down Mode Plus Soft Power-Down Mode Flexible Serial Data Port with Right-Justified, Left-Justified, I 2S Compatible, and DSP Serial Port Modes Supports Packed Data Mode and TDM Mode 48-Lead LQFP Plastic Package APPLICATIONS DVD Video and Audio Players Home Theater Systems Automotive Audio Systems Set-Top Boxes Digital Audio Effects Processors GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD1833A is a complete, high performance, single-chip, multichannel, digital audio playback system. It features six audio playback channels, each comprising a high performance digital interpolation filter, a multibit S-D modulator featuring Analog Devices’ patented technology, and a continuous-time voltage-out analog DAC section. Other features include an on-chip clickless attenuator and mute capability for each channel, programmed through an SPI compatible serial control port. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM DVD D 1 DVD D 2 ZERO FLAGS CDATA CLATCH SPI PORT CCLK AVD D INTERPOLATOR DAC OUTLP1 OUTLN1 INTERPOLATOR DAC OUTLP2 OUTLN2 INTERPOLATOR DAC OUTLP3 OUTLN3 INTERPOLATOR DAC OUTRP3 OUTRN3 INTERPOLATOR DAC OUTRP2 OUTRN2 INTERPOLATOR DAC OUTRP1 OUTRN1 MCLK RESET FILTER ENGINE L/RCLK BCLK SDIN1 SDIN2 DATA PORT SDIN3 SOUT AD1833A FILTR FILTD DGND AGND The AD1833A is fully compatible with all known DVD formats, accommodating word lengths of up to 24 bits at sample rates of 48 kHz and 96 kHz on all six channels while supporting a 192 kHz sample rate on two channels. It also provides the Redbook standard 50 ms/15 ms digital de-emphasis filters at sample rates of 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, and 48 kHz. The AD1833A has a very flexible serial data input port that allows glueless interconnection to a variety of ADCs, DSP chips, AES/EBU receivers, and sample rate converters. It can be configured in right-justified, left-justified, I2S, or DSP serial port compatible modes. The AD1833A accepts serial audio data in MSB first, twos complement format. The AD1833A can be operated from a single 5 V power supply; it also features a separate supply pin for its digital interface that allows it to be interfaced to devices using 3.3 V power supplies. The AD1833A is fabricated on a single monolithic integrated circuit and is housed in a 48-lead LQFP package for operation from –40∞C to +85∞C. REV. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective companies. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-8703 © 2003 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD1833A–SPECIFICATIONS TEST CONDITIONS, UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED* Supply Voltages (AVDD, DVDDX) Ambient Temperature Input Clock Input Signal Input Sample Rate Measurement Bandwidth Word Width Load Capacitance Load Impedance 5V 25∞C 12.288 MHz, (8 Mode) Nominally 1 kHz, 0 dBFS (Full-Scale) 48 kHz 20 Hz to 20 kHz 24 Bits 100 pF 10 kW *Performance is identical for all channels (except for the Interchannel Gain Mismatch and Interchannel Phase Deviation specifications). Parameter ANALOG PERFORMANCE DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTERS Dynamic Range (20 Hz to 20 kHz, –60 dBFS Input) with A-Weighted Filter AD1833AA AD1833AA AD1833AC Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise Min Typ 106.5 110.0 110.5 107.0 –95 –94 –95 –94 110 108 SNR Interchannel Isolation DC Accuracy Gain Error Interchannel Gain Mismatch Gain Drift Interchannel Crosstalk (EIAJ Method) Interchannel Phase Deviation Volume Control Step Size (1023 Linear Steps) Volume Control Range (Max Attenuation) Mute Attenuation De-emphasis Gain Error Full-Scale Output Voltage at Each Pin (Single-Ended) Output Resistance Measured Differentially Common-Mode Output Volts DAC INTERPOLATION FILTER—8⫻ Mode (48 kHz) Pass Band Pass-Band Ripple Stop Band Stop-Band Attenuation Group Delay DAC INTERPOLATION FILTER—4⫻ Mode (96 kHz) Pass Band Pass-Band Ripple Stop Band Stop-Band Attenuation Group Delay Max –89 ±3 0.2 80 –120 ± 0.1 0.098 +63.5 (0.098) –63.5 (0.098) ± 0.1 1 (2.8) 150 2.2 24 70 ± 0.01 510 55.034 70 DAC INTERPOLATION FILTER—2⫻ Mode (192 kHz) Pass Band Pass-Band Ripple Stop Band 104.85 Stop-Band Attenuation 70 Group Delay ± 0.03 160 ±1 140 –2– Unit dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB dB Test Conditions fS = 96 kHz Two channels active Six channels active 96 kHz, two channels active 96 kHz, six channels active % % ppm/∞C dB Degrees % dB (%) dB (%) dB V rms (V p-p) W V 21.768 kHz dB kHz dB ms 37.7 kHz dB kHz dB ms 89.954 kHz dB kHz dB ms REV. 0 AD1833A Parameter Min DIGITAL I/O Input Voltage HI Input Voltage LO Output Voltage HI Output Voltage LO POWER SUPPLIES Supply Voltage (AVDD and DVDD1) Supply Voltage (DVDD2) Supply Current IANALOG Supply Current IDIGITAL Typ Max 2.4 0.8 DVDD2 – 0.4 0.4 4.5 3.3 5 38.5 42 2 Power Supply Rejection Ratio 1 kHz 300 mV p-p Signal at Analog Supply Pins 20 kHz 300 mV p-p Signal at Analog Supply Pins 5.5 DVDD1 42 48 –60 –50 Unit Test Conditions V V V V V V mA mA mA Active Power-Down dB dB Specifications subject to change without notice. DIGITAL TIMING (Guaranteed over –40C to +85C, AV DD = DVDD = 5 V 10%) Parameter Min MASTER CLOCK AND RESET MCLK LO (All Modes)* tML MCLK HI (All Modes)* tMH tPDR PD/RST LO SPI PORT tCCH tCCL tCCP tCDS tCDH tCLS tCLH CCLK HI Pulsewidth CCLK LO Pulsewidth CCLK Period CDATA Setup Time CDATA Hold Time CLATCH Setup CLATCH Hold DAC SERIAL PORT tDBH BCLK HI BCLK LO tDBL tDLS L/RCLK Setup L/RCLK Hold tDLH SDATA Setup tDDS tDDH SDATA Hold Max Unit Comments 15 15 20 ns ns ns 24 MHz clock, clock doubler bypassed 24 MHz clock, clock doubler bypassed 20 20 80 10 10 10 10 ns ns ns ns ns ns ns To CCLK rising From CCLK rising To CCLK rising From CCLK rising 15 15 10 10 10 15 ns ns ns ns ns ns To BCLK rising From BCLK rising To BCLK rising From BCLK rising From MCLK rising From BCLKTDM rising To BCLKTDM falling From BCLKTDM falling TDM MODE MASTER BCLKTDM Delay tTMBD FSTDM Delay tTMFSD SDIN1 Setup tTMDDS tTMDDH SDIN1 Hold 15 15 ns ns ns ns TDM MODE SLAVE BCLKTDM Frequency fTSB tTSBCH BCLKTDM High BCLKTDM Low tTSBCL FSTDM Setup tTSFS tTSFH FSTDM Hold SDIN1 Setup tTSDDS tTSDDH SDIN1 Hold 256 ⫻ fS 20 20 10 10 15 15 ns ns ns ns ns ns To BCLKTDM falling From BCLKTDM falling To BCLKTDM falling From BCLKTDM falling ns ns ns From BCLK falling From BCLK falling From MCLK rising 20 10 AUXILIARY INTERFACE tAXLRD L/RCLK Delay tAXDD Data Delay tAXBD AUXBCLK Delay 10 10 20 *MCLK symmetry must be better than 60:40 or 40:60. Specifications subject to change without notice. REV. 0 –3– AD1833A tMH MCLK tML PD/RST tPDR Figure 1. MCLK and RESET Timing tCLS CLATCH tCLH tCCH tCCL tCCP CCLK tCDS tCDH CIN D15 D8 D9 D14 D0 Figure 2. SPI Port Timing t DBH BCLK t DBL t DLH t DLS L/RCLK t DDS SDATA LEFT-JUSTIFIED MODE MSB MSB-1 t DDH t DDS SDATA MODE I2S MSB t DDH t DDS SDATA RIGHT-JUSTIFIED MODE t DDS MSB t DDH LSB t DDH Figure 3. Serial Port Timing MCLK tTMBD tTSBCL tTSBCH BCLKTDM tTMFSD FSTDM tTSFS tTSFH tTMDDS SDIN1 tTMDDH MSB tTSDDS tTSDDH Figure 4. TDM Master and Slave Mode Timing –4– REV. 0 AD1833A MCLK tAXBD AUXBCLK tAXLRD AUXL/RCLK tAXDD MSB AUX DATA Figure 5. Auxiliary Interface Timing LQFP, qJA Thermal Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91∞C/W Lead Temperature, Soldering Vapor Phase (60 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215∞C Infrared (15 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220∞C ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS* (TA = 25∞C, unless otherwise noted.) AVDD, DVDDX to AGND, DGND . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +6.5 V AGND to DGND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –0.3 V to +0.3 V Digital I/O Voltage to DGND . . . . . –0.3 V to DVDD2 + 0.3 V Analog I/O Voltage to AGND . . . . . . –0.3 V to AVDD + 0.3 V Operating Temperature Range Industrial (A Version) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . –40∞C to +85∞C Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . –65∞C to +150∞C Maximum Junction Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150∞C *Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Only one absolute maximum rating may be applied at any one time. ORDERING GUIDE Model Temperature Range Package Description Package Option AD1833AAST AD1833ACST EVAL-AD1833AEB AD1833AAST-REEL AD1833ACST-REEL –40∞C to +85∞C –40∞C to +85∞C Low Profile Quad Flat Package Low Profile Quad Flat Package Evaluation Board Low Profile Quad Flat Package Low Profile Quad Flat Package ST-48 ST-48 –40∞C to +85∞C –40∞C to +85∞C CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD1833A features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality. REV. 0 –5– ST-48 ST-48 AD1833A OUTRP2 OUTRN2 FILTD FILTR AGND OUTRP3 OUTRN3 AVDD OUTLP2 OUTLN3 OUTLP3 OUTLN2 PIN CONFIGURATION 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 OUTLP1 1 OUTLN1 2 36 OUTRP1 PIN 1 IDENTIFIER 35 OUTRN1 AVDD 3 AVDD 4 AGND 5 AGND 6 34 AV DD 33 AV DD 32 AGND AD1833A 31 AGND TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) AGND 7 DGND 8 30 AGND 29 DGND DVDD1 9 ZEROA 10 28 DV DD2 27 RESET ZERO3R 11 ZERO3L 12 26 ZERO1L 25 ZERO1R SOUT ZERO2L BCLK MCLK SDIN1 SDIN2 SDIN3 CCLK L/RCLK ZERO2R CLATCH CDATA 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Pin No. Mnemonic IN/OUT Description 1 2 3, 4, 33, 34, 44 5, 6, 7, 30, 31, 32, 41 8, 29 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 OUTLP1 OUTLN1 AVDD AGND DGND DVDD1 ZEROA ZERO3R ZERO3L ZERO2R CLATCH CDATA CCLK L/RCLK O O O O I I I I/O 18 BCLK I/O 19 20 21 MCLK SDIN1 SDIN2 I I I/O 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 35 36 37 38 39 SDIN3 SOUT ZERO2L ZERO1R ZERO1L RESET DVDD2 OUTRN1 OUTRP1 OUTRN2 OUTRP2 OUTRN3 I/O O O O O I DAC 1 Left Channel Positive Output. DAC 1 Left Channel Negative Output. Analog Supply. Analog Ground. Digital Ground. Digital Supply to Core Logic. Flag to Indicate Zero Input on All Channels. Flag to Indicate Zero Input on Channel 3 Right. Flag to Indicate Zero Input on Channel 3 Left. Flag to Indicate Zero Input on Channel 2 Right. Latch Input for Control Data (SPI Port). Serial Control Data Input (SPI Port). Clock Input for Control Data (SPI Port). Left/Right Clock for DAC Data Input; FSTDM Input in TDM Slave Mode; FSTDM Output in TDM Master Mode. Bit Clock for DAC Data Input; BCLKTDM Input in TDM Slave Mode; BCLKTDM Output in TDM Master Mode. Master Clock Input. Data Input for Channel 1 Left/Right (Data Stream Input in TDM and Packed Modes). Data Input for Channel 2 Left/Right (L/RCLK Output to Auxiliary DAC in TDM Mode). Data Input for Channel 3 Left/Right (BCLK Output to Auxiliary DAC in TDM Mode). Auxiliary I2S Output (Available in TDM Mode). Flag to Indicate Zero Input on Channel 2 Left. Flag to Indicate Zero Input on Channel 1 Right. Flag to Indicate Zero Input on Channel 1 Left. Power-Down and Reset Control. Power Supply to Output Interface Logic. DAC 1 Right Channel Negative Output. DAC 1 Right Channel Positive Output. DAC 2 Right Channel Negative Output. DAC 2 Right Channel Positive Output. DAC 3 Right Channel Negative Output. O O O O O O O –6– REV. 0 AD1833A PIN FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS (continued) Pin No. Mnemonic IN/OUT Description 40 42 OUTRP3 FILTR 43 45 46 47 48 FILTD OUTLP3 OUTLN3 OUTLP2 OUTLN2 DAC 3 Right Channel Positive Output. Reference/Filter Capacitor Connection. Recommend 0.1 mF/10 mF decouple to analog ground. Filter Capacitor Connection. Recommend 0.1 mF/10 mF decouple to analog ground. DAC 3 Left Channel Positive Output. DAC 3 Left Channel Negative Output. DAC 2 Left Channel Positive Output. DAC 2 Left Channel Negative Output. O O O O O DEFINITION OF TERMS Dynamic Range The ratio of a full-scale input signal to the integrated input noise in the pass band (20 Hz to 20 kHz), expressed in decibels. Dynamic range is measured with a –60 dB input signal and is equal to (S/[THD + N]) +60 dB. Note that spurious harmonics are below the noise with a –60 dB input, so the noise level establishes the dynamic range. The dynamic range is specified with and without an A-Weight filter applied. Signal to (Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise) [S/(THD + N)] Gain Error With a near full-scale input, the ratio of actual output to expected output, expressed as a percentage. Interchannel Gain Mismatch With identical near full-scale inputs, the ratio of outputs of the two stereo channels, expressed in decibels. Gain Drift Change in response to a nearly full-scale input with a change in temperature, expressed as parts-per-million (ppm/∞C). Crosstalk (EIAJ Method) The ratio of the root-mean-square (rms) value of the fundamental input signal to the rms sum of all other spectral components in the pass band, expressed in decibels. Ratio of response on one channel with a grounded input to a full-scale 1 kHz sine wave input on the other channel, expressed in decibels. Pass Band Power Supply Rejection The region of the frequency spectrum unaffected by the attenuation of the digital decimator’s filter. Pass-Band Ripple The peak-to-peak variation in amplitude response from equalamplitude input signal frequencies within the pass band, expressed in decibels. Stop Band The region of the frequency spectrum attenuated by the digital decimator’s filter to the degree specified by stop-band attenuation. REV. 0 With no analog input, signal present at the output when a 300 mV p-p signal is applied to the power supply pins, expressed in decibels of full scale. Group Delay Intuitively, the time interval required for an input pulse to appear at the converter’s output, expressed in ms. More precisely, the derivative of radian phase with respect to the radian frequency at a given frequency. Group Delay Variation The difference in group delays at different input frequencies. Specified as the difference between the largest and the smallest group delays in the pass band, expressed in ms. –7– 0.010 0.10 0.008 0.08 0.006 0.06 0.004 0.04 0.002 0.02 dB dB AD1833A –Typical Performance Characteristics 0 0 –0.002 –0.02 –0.004 –0.04 –0.006 –0.06 –0.008 –0.08 –0.010 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 –0.10 2.0 0 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 104 Hz TPC 1. Pass-Band Response, 8⫻ Mode TPC 4. Pass-Band Response, 4⫻ Mode 10 0.5 0 0.4 –10 0.3 –20 0.2 –30 0.1 –40 dB dB 0.5 104 Hz 0 –50 –0.1 –60 –0.2 –70 –80 –0.3 –90 –0.4 –100 2.00 –0.5 2.05 2.10 2.15 2.20 2.25 Hz 2.30 2.35 2.40 0 2.45 2.50 104 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 104 Hz TPC 5. 40 kHz Pass-Band Response, 4 ⫻ Mode TPC 2. Transition Band Response, 8⫻ Mode 10 0 0 –20 –10 –40 –20 –30 dB dB –60 –80 –40 –50 –60 –100 –70 –120 –80 –140 –90 –160 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Hz –100 4.0 3.0 105 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 5.0 Hz 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 104 TPC 6. Transition Band Response, 4 ⫻ Mode TPC 3. Complete Response, 8⫻ Mode –8– REV. 0 AD1833A 10 0 0 –20 –10 –20 –40 –30 dB dB –60 –80 –40 –50 –100 –60 –70 –120 –80 –140 –160 –90 0 0.5 1.5 1.0 2.0 2.5 –100 0.80 3.0 0.85 0.90 0.95 105 Hz TPC 7. Complete Response, 4⫻ Mode 1.00 Hz 1.05 1.10 1.15 1.20 105 TPC 9. Transition Band Response, 2⫻ Mode 2.0 0 1.5 –20 1.0 –40 0.5 dB dB –60 0 –0.5 –100 –1.0 –120 –1.5 –140 –2.0 0 1 2 3 4 Hz 5 6 7 –160 8 0 104 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Hz TPC 8. 80 kHz Pass-Band Response, 2⫻ Mode REV. 0 –80 TPC 10. Complete Response, 2⫻ Mode –9– 105 AD1833A rate, only one doubling stage is used. In each case, the input sample frequency is increased to 384 kHz (IMCLK/64). The ZOH holds the interpolator samples for upsampling by the modulator. This is done at a rate 16 times the interpolator output sample rate. FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Device Architecture The AD1833A is a six-channel audio DAC featuring multibit sigma-delta (S-D) technology. The AD1833A features three stereo converters (providing six channels); each stereo channel is controlled by a common bit-clock (BCLK) and synchronization signal (L/RCLK). Modulator General Overview The AD1833A is designed to run with an internal MCLK (IMCLK) of 24.576 MHz and a modulator rate of 6.144 MHz (i.e., IMCLK/4). From this IMCLK frequency, sample rates of 48 kHz and 96 kHz can be achieved on six channels or 192 kHz can be achieved on two channels. The internal clock should never be run at a higher frequency but may be reduced to achieve lower sampling rates, i.e., for a sample rate of 44.1 kHz, the appropriate internal MCLK is 22.5792 MHz. The modulator rate scales in proportion with the MCLK scaling. Interpolator The interpolator consists of as many as three stages of sample rate doubling and half-band filtering followed by a 16-sample zero order hold (ZOH). The sample rate doubling is achieved by zero stuffing the input samples, and a digital half-band filter is used to remove any images above the band of interest and to bring the zero samples to their correct values. The interpolator output must always be at a rate of IMCLK/64. Depending on the interpolation rates selected, one, two, or all three stages of doubling may be switched in. This allows for three different sample rate inputs for any given IMCLK. For an IMCLK of 24.576 MHz, all three doubling stages are used with a 48 kHz input sample rate; with a 96 kHz input sample rate, only two doubling stages are used; and with a 192 kHz input sample The modulator is a 6-bit, second order implementation and uses data scrambling techniques to achieve perfect linearity. The modulator samples the output of the interpolator stage(s) at a rate of (IMCLK/4). OPERATING FEATURES SPI Register Definitions The SPI port allows flexible control of the device’s programmable functions. It is organized around nine registers: six individual channel volume registers and three control registers. Each write operation to the AD1833A SPI control port requires 16 bits of serial data in MSB-first format. The four most significant bits are used to select one of nine registers (seven register addresses are reserved), and the bottom 10 bits are written to that register. This allows a write to one of the nine registers in a single 16-bit transaction. The SPI CCLK signal is used to clock in the data. The incoming data should change on the falling edge of this signal and remain valid during the rising edge. At the end of the 16 CCLK periods, the CLATCH signal should rise to latch the data internally into the AD1833A (see Figure 2). The serial interface format used on the control port uses a 16-bit serial word, as shown in Table I. The 16-bit word is divided into several fields: Bits 15 through 12 define the register address, Bits 11 and 10 are reserved and must be programmed to 0, and Bits 9 through 0 are the data field (which has specific definitions, depending on the register selected). Table I. Control Port Map 1 Register Address 152 14 13 Reserved 12 11 10 Data Field 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 NOTES 1 Must be programmed to zero. 2 Bit 15 = MSB. Bit 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Bit 14 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Bit 13 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Bit 12 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Register Function DAC Control 1 DAC Control 2 DAC Volume 1 DAC Volume 2 DAC Volume 3 DAC Volume 4 DAC Volume 5 DAC Volume 6 DAC Control 3 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved –10– REV. 0 AD1833A Table II. DAC Control Register 1 Reserved1 Address 15–12 11 0000 10 0 0 De-emphasis Serial Mode Function Data-Word Width 9–8 7–5 4–3 2 1–0 00 = 24 Bits 01 = 20 Bits 10 = 16 Bits 11 = Reserved 0 = Normal 1 = PWRDWN 00 = 8⫻ (48 kHz)2 01 = 2⫻ (192 kHz)2 10 = 4⫻ (96 kHz)2 11 = Reserved 00 = None 01 = 44.1 kHz 10 = 32.0 kHz 11 = 48.0 kHz 2 000 = I S 001 = RJ 010 = DSP 011 = LJ 100 = Pack Mode 1 (256) 101 = Pack Mode 2 (128) 110 = TDM Mode 111 = Reserved Power-Down RESET Interpolator Mode NOTES 1 Must be programmed to zero. 2 For IMCLK = 24.576 MHz. DAC CONTROL REGISTER 1 De-emphasis DAC Word Width The AD1833A has a built-in de-emphasis filter that can be used to decode CDs that have been encoded with the standard Redbook 50 ms/15 ms emphasis response curve. Three curves are available, one each for 32 kHz, 44.1 kHz, and 48 kHz sampling rates. The filters may be selected by writing to Control Bits 9 and 8 in DAC Control Register 1 (see Table III). The AD1833A will accept input data in three separate wordlengths—16 bits, 20 bits, and 24 bits. The word length may be selected by writing to Control Bits 4 and 3 in DAC Control Register 1 (see Table V). Table V. Word Length Settings Table III. De-emphasis Settings Bit 9 Bit 8 De-emphasis 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 Disabled 44.1 kHz 32 kHz 48 kHz Bit 4 Bit 3 Word Length 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 24 Bits 20 Bits 16 Bits Reserved Power-Down Control The AD1833A can be powered down by writing to Control Bit 2 in DAC Control Register 1 (see Table VI). Data Serial Interface Mode The AD1833A’s serial data interface is designed to accept data in a wide range of popular formats including I2S, right-justified (RJ), left-justified (LJ), and flexible DSP modes. The L/RCLK pin acts as the word clock (or frame sync) to indicate sample interval boundaries. The BCLK defines the serial data rate while the data is input on the SDIN1–SDIN3 pins. The serial mode settings may be selected by writing to Control Bits 7 through 5 in the DAC Control Register 1 (see Table IV). Table IV. Data Serial Interface Mode Settings Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Serial Mode 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 I 2S Right Justify DSP Left Justify Packed Mode 1 (256) Packed Mode 2 (128) TDM Mode Reserved Table VI. Power-Down Control Bit 2 Power-Down Setting 0 1 Normal Operation Power-Down Mode Interpolator Mode The AD1833A’s DAC interpolators can be operated in one of three modes—8⫻, 4⫻, or 2⫻— then correspond to 48 kHz, 96 kHz, and 192 kHz modes, respectively (for IMCLK = 24.576 MHz). The interpolator mode may be selected by writing to Control Bits 1 and 0 in DAC Control Register 1 (see Table VII). Table VII. Interpolator Mode Settings Bit 1 Bit 0 Interpolator Mode 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 8x (48 kHz)* 2x (192 kHz)* 4x (96 kHz)* Reserved *For IMCLK = 24.576 MHz. REV. 0 –11– AD1833A DAC CONTROL REGISTER 2 DAC CONTROL REGISTER 3 Stereo Replicate DAC Control Register 2 contains individual channel mute controls for each of the six DACs. Default operation (bit = 0) is muting off. Bits 9 through 6 of Control Register 2 are reserved and should be programmed to zero (see Table VIII). The AD1833A allows the stereo information on Channel 1 (SDIN1—Left 1 and Right 1) to be copied to Channels 2 and 3 (Left/Right 2 and Left/Right 3). These signals can be used in an external summing amplifier to increase potential signal SNR. Stereo replicate mode can be enabled by writing to control Bit 5 (see Table XI). Note that replication is not reflected in the zero flag status. Table VIII. DAC Control Register 2 Function Address Reserved* Reserved* Mute Control 15–12 11 10 9–6 5 4 0001 0 0 0 Channel 6 0 = Mute Off 1 = Mute On Channel 5 Channel 4 0 = Mute Off 0 = Mute Off 1 = Mute On 1 = Mute On 3 2 1 Channel 3 0 = Mute Off 1 = Mute On Channel 2 Channel 1 0 = Mute Off 0 = Mute Off 1 = Mute On 1 = Mute On 0 *Must be programmed to zero. Table IX. Muting Control Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Muting X X X X X 1 X X X X 1 X X X X 1 X X X X 1 X X X X 1 X X X X 1 X X X X X Mute Channel 1 Mute Channel 2 Mute Channel 3 Mute Channel 4 Mute Channel 5 Mute Channel 6 Table X. DAC Control Register 3 Function Address Stereo Replicate Reserved* Reserved* (192 kHz) MCLK Select Zero Detect Reserved* TDM Mode 15–12 11 10 9–6 5 4–3 2 1 0 1000 0 0 0 0 = Normal 1 = Replicate 00 = IMCLK = MCLK ⫻ 2 01 = IMCLK = MCLK ⫻ 1 10 = IMCLK = MCLK ⫻ 2/3 0 = Active High 1 = Active Low 0 0 = Master 1 = Slave *Must be programmed to zero. Table XI. Stereo Replicate Bit 5 Stereo Mode 0 1 Normal Channel 1 Data Replicated on Channels 2 and 3 –12– REV. 0 AD1833A MCLK Select The AD1833A allows the matching of available external MCLK frequencies to the required internal MCLK rate. The MCLK modification factor can be selected from 2, 1, or 2/3 by writing to Bit 4 and Bit 3 of Control Register 3. Internally, the AD1833A requires an MCLK of 24.576 MHz for sample rates of 48 kHz, 96 kHz, and 192 kHz. In the case of 48 kHz data with an MCLK of 256 ⫻ fS, a clock doubler is used, whereas with an MCLK of 768 ⫻ fS, a divide-by-3 block (⫼3) is first implemented followed by a clock doubler. With an MCLK of 512 ⫻ fS, the MCLK is passed through unmodified (see Table XII). a global zero flag that indicates all channels contain zero data. The polarity of the zero signal is programmable by writing to Control Bit 2 (see Table XIII). In right-justified mode, the six individual channel flags are best used as three stereo zero flags by combining pairs of them through suitable logic gates. Then, when both the left and right inputs are zero for 1024 clock cycles, i.e., a stereo zero input for 1024 sample periods, the combined result of the two individual flags will become active, indicating a stereo zero. Table XIII. Zero Detect Table XII. MCLK Settings Bit 4 Bit 3 Modification Factor 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 MCLK ⫻ 2 Internally MCLK ⫻ 1 Internally MCLK ⫻ 2/3 Internally Reserved Bit 2 Channel Zero Status 0 1 Active High Active Low DAC Volume Control Registers Channel Zero Status The AD1833A provides individual logic output status indicators when zero data is sent to a channel for 1024 or more consecutive sample periods in all modes except right-justified. There is also The AD1833A has six volume control registers, one for each of the six DAC channels. Volume control is exercised by writing to the relevant register associated with each DAC. This setting is used to attenuate the DAC output. Full-scale setting (all 1s) is equivalent to zero attenuation (see Table XV). Table XIV. MCLK vs. Sample Rate Selection Sampling Rate fS (kHz) Interpolator Mode Required Internal MCLK Required (MHz) Suitable External MCLK Frequencies (MHz) MCLK 2 MCLK 1 MCLK 2/3 32 64 128 8⫻ 4⫻ 2⫻ 16.384 8192 16.384 24.576 44.1 88.2 176.4 8⫻ 4⫻ 2⫻ 22.5792 11.2896 22.5792 33.8688 48 96 192 8⫻ 4⫻ 2⫻ 24.576 12.288 24.576 36.864 Table XV. Volume Control Registers Address Reserved* Volume Control 15–12 11 10 9–0 0 0 Channel 1 Volume Control (OUTL1) Channel 2 Volume Control (OUTR1) Channel 3 Volume Control (OUTL2) Channel 4 Volume Control (OUTR2) Channel 5 Volume Control (OUTL3) Channel 6 Volume Control (OUTR3) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 *Must be programmed to zero. REV. 0 –13– AD1833A I2S Timing to clock in the data. The first bit of data appears on the SDINx lines when the L/RCLK toggles. The data is written MSB first and is valid on the rising edge of the bit clock. I2S timing uses an L/RCLK to define when the data being transmitted is for the left channel and when it is for the right channel. The L/RCLK is low for the left channel and high for the right channel. A bit clock running at 64 ⫻ fS is used to clock in the data. There is a delay of 1 bit clock from the time the L/RCLK signal changes state to the first bit of data on the SDINx lines. The data is written MSB first and is valid on the rising edge of the bit clock. Right-Justified Timing Right-justified (RJ) timing uses an L/RCLK to define when the data being transmitted is for the left channel and when it is for the right channel. The L/RCLK is high for the left channel and low for the right channel. A bit clock running at 64 ⫻ fS is used to clock in the data. The first bit of data appears on the SDINx 8-bit clock periods (for 24-bit data) after L/RCLK toggles. In RJ mode, the LSB of data is always clocked by the last bit clock before L/RCLK transitions. The data is written MSB first and is valid on the rising edge of the bit clock. Left-Justified Timing Left-justified (LJ) timing uses an L/RCLK to define when the data being transmitted is for the left channel and when it is for the right channel. The L/RCLK is high for the left channel and low for the right channel. A bit clock running at 64 fS is used L/RCLK INPUT RIGHT CHANNEL LEFT CHANNEL BCLK INPUT SDATA INPUT MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB MSB MSB MSB –1 –2 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB MSB Figure 6. I 2S Timing Diagram L/RCLK INPUT LEFT CHANNEL RIGHT CHANNEL BCLK INPUT SDATA INPUT MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 LSB +2 LSB +1 MSB LSB MSB –1 Figure 7. Left-Justified Timing Diagram L/RCLK INPUT LEFT CHANNEL RIGHT CHANNEL BCLK INPUT SDATA INPUT LSB MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB Figure 8. Right-Justified Timing Diagram –14– REV. 0 AD1833A TDM Mode Timing—Interfacing to a SHARC ® DACR0. The data is written on the rising edge of the bit clock and read by the AD1833A on the falling edge of the bit clock. The left and right data destined for the auxiliary DAC is sent in standard I2S format in the next frame using the SDIN2, SDIN3, and SOUT pins as the L/RCLK, BCLK, and SDATA pins, respectively, for communicating with the auxiliary DAC. In TDM mode, the AD1833A can be the master or slave, depending on Bit 0 in Control Register 3. In master mode, it generates a frame sync signal (FSTDM) on its L/RCLK pin and a bit clock (BCLKTDM) on its BCLK pin, whereas in slave mode it expects these signals to be provided. These signals are used to control the data transmission from the SHARC. The bit clock must run at a frequency of IMCLK/2 and the interpolation mode must be set to 8⫻, which limits TDM mode to frequencies of 48 kHz or less. In this mode, all data is written on the rising edge of the bit clock and read on the falling edge of the bit clock. The frame starts with a frame sync at the rising edge of the bit clock. The SHARC then starts outputting data on the next rising edge of the bit clock. Each channel is given a 32-bit clock slot, and the data is left-justified and uses 16, 20, or 24 of the 32 bits. An enlarged diagram detailing this is provided (see Figure 9). The data is sent from the SHARC to the AD1833A on the SDIN1 pin and provided in the following order: MSB first—Internal DACL0, Internal DACL1, Internal DACL2, AUX DACL0, Internal DACR0, Internal DACR1, Internal DACR2, and AUX DSP Mode Timing DSP mode timing uses the rising edge of the frame sync signal on the L/RCLK pin to denote the start of the transmission of a data-word. Note that for both left and right channels, a rising edge is used; therefore in this mode, there is no way to determine which data is intended for the left channel and which is intended for the right. The DSP writes data on the rising edge of BCLK and the AD1833A reads it on the falling edge. The DSP raises the frame sync signal on the rising edge of BCLK and then proceeds to transmit data, MSB first, on the next rising edge of BCLK. The data length can be 16, 20, or 24 bits. The frame sync signal can be brought low any time at or after the MSB is transmitted, but must be brought low at least one BCLK period before the start of the next channel transmission. FSTDM BCLKTDM INTERNAL DAC L0 INTERNAL DAC L1 INTERNAL DAC L2 AUXILIARY DAC L0 INTERNAL DAC R0 INTERNAL DAC R1 INTERNAL DAC R2 AUXILIARY DAC R0 BCLKTDM 24-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB +8 LSB +7 LSB +6 LSB +5 LSB +4 20-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB +4 LSB +3 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB 16-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB LSB +3 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB Figure 9. TDM Mode Timing L/RCLK BCLK SDATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 MSB –5 MSB –6 MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 32 BCLKs MSB –4 MSB –5 32 BCLKs Figure 10. DSP Mode Timing REV. 0 MSB –3 –15– MSB –6 MSB AD1833A Packed Mode 128 Packed Mode 256 In Packed Mode 128, all six data channels are packed into one sample interval on one data pin. The BCLK runs at 128 ⫻ fS; therefore, there are 128 BCLK periods in each sample interval. Each sample interval is broken into eight time slots: six slots of 20 BCLK and two of 4 BCLK. In this mode, the data length is restricted to a maximum of 20 bits. The three left channels are written first, MSB first, and the data is written on the falling edge of BCLK. After the three left channels are written, there is a space of four BCLK, and then the three right channels are written. The L/RCLK defines the left and right data transmission; it is high for the three left channels and low for the three right channels. In Packed Mode 256, all six data channels are packed into one sample interval on one data pin. The BCLK runs at 256 ⫻ fS; therefore, there are 256 BCLK periods in each sample interval, and each sample interval is broken into eight time slots of 32 BCLK each. The data length can be 16, 20, or 24 bits. The three left channels are written first, MSB first, and the data is written on the falling edge of BCLK with a one BCLK period delay from the start of the slot. After the three left channels are written, there is a space of 32 BCLK, and then the three right channels are written. The L/RCLK defines the left and right data transmission; it is low for the three left channels and high for the three right channels. L/RCLK BCLK SLOT 1 LEFT 0 DATA SLOT 2 LEFT 1 SLOT 3 LEFT 2 BLANK SLOT 4 SCLK SLOT 4 RIGHT 0 SLOT 5 RIGHT 1 SLOT 6 RIGHT 2 BLANK SLOT 4 SCLK BCLK 20-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB +4 16-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB LSB +3 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB Figure 11. Packed Mode 128 L/RCLK BCLK SLOT 1 LEFT 0 DATA SLOT 2 LEFT 1 SLOT 3 LEFT 2 SLOT 4 RIGHT 0 SLOT 5 RIGHT 1 SLOT 6 RIGHT 2 BCLK 24-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB +8 LSB +7 LSB +6 LSB +5 LSB +4 20-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB +4 LSB +3 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB 16-BIT DATA MSB MSB –1 MSB –2 MSB –3 MSB –4 LSB LSB +3 LSB +2 LSB +1 LSB Figure 12. Packed Mode 256 –16– REV. 0 AD1833A 0 68pF NPO 11k –20 3.81k 11k 100pF NPO 270pF NPO 6 560pF NPO 5 –40 OP275 7 604 VFILTOUT –60 2.2nF NPO dBR VOUT– –80 1.50k VOUT+ 5.62k 150pF NPO 5.62k –100 –120 –140 20 0 Figure 13. Suggested Output Filter Schematic 40 60 kHz 80 100 120 Figure 16. Dynamic Range for 37 kHz @ –60 dBFS, 110 dB, Triangular Dithered Input 0 –20 –20 –40 –40 –60 –60 dBR dBR 0 –80 –80 –100 –100 –120 –120 –140 –140 0 2 4 6 8 10 kHz 12 14 16 18 20 Figure 14. Dynamic Range for 1 kHz @ –60 dBFS, 110 dB, Triangular Dithered Input 0 20 40 60 kHz 80 100 120 Figure 17. Input 0 dBFS @ 37 kHz, BW 20 Hz to 120 kHz, SR 96 kHz, THD + N –95 dBFS 0 0 –20 –20 –40 –40 –60 dBR dBV –60 –80 –80 –100 –100 –120 –120 –140 –160 –140 0 2 4 6 8 10 kHz 12 14 16 18 20 Figure 15. Input 0 dBFS @ 1 kHz, BW 20 Hz to 20 kHz, SR 48 kHz, THD + N –95 dBFS REV. 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 kHz 12 14 16 18 20 Figure 18. Noise Floor for Zero Input, SR 48 kHz, SNR 110 dBFS A-Weighted –17– AD1833A –60 –20 –30 –70 –40 –50 –80 dBR dBR –60 –90 –70 –80 –100 –90 –100 –110 –110 –120 –100 –90 –80 –70 –60 –50 –40 dBFS –30 –20 –10 –120 –100 –90 0 Figure 19. THD + N Amplitude vs. Input Amplitude, Input 1 kHz, SR 48 kHz, 24-Bit –80 –70 –60 –50 –40 dBFS –30 –20 –10 0 Figure 20. THD + N Ratio vs. Input Amplitude, Input 1 kHz, SR 48 kHz, 24-Bit –18– REV. 0 AD1833A AVDD 5V DVDD –INTF 10F 5V + 0.1F 10F + 10F 10F 10F + + 0.1F DVD D 0.1F AVD D 21 8 AGND DGND CO/EO CA/E1 CB/E2 CC/F0 CD/F1 CE/F2 SEL CS12/FCK AVD D 1 AVD D 2 AVD D AVD D AVD D DVD D 2 DVD D 1 AD1833A 6 5 4 3 2 27 16 13 8 29 7 30 6 31 5 32 41 5V L5 0.1F 10k 6 2 4 DVD D 3 5 SHLD1 OUT SHLD1 U5 TORX173 1 SHLD1 SHLD1 Figure 21. Example Digital Interface REV. 0 –19– GND GND GND PAL L/RCLK BCLK SDIN1 SDIN2 SDIN3 SOUT MCLK GND 23 M0 24 20 M1 18 FILT M2 17 M3 DIR-CS8414 1 C 14 U 15 CBL 28 VERF ERF 25 17 18 20 21 22 23 19 GND 47nF RXN + 0.1F 4 33 3 34 44 GND 1k 10 10F 9 28 GND 10nF CLATCH 15 CDATA 16 CCLK DGND2 75RO CCLK 26 SDATA 11 FSYNC 12 SCK 19 MCK 14 DGND1 RXP VD+ 9 CLATCH CDATA 7 VA+ 10nF + 0.1F 0.1F 10F 22 10F + 0.1F 0.1F 1 OUTLP1 2 OUTLN1 47 OUTLP2 OUTLN2 48 45 OUTLP3 OUTLN3 46 L1+ L1– L2+ L2– L3+ L3– 36 OUTRP1 35 OUTRN1 38 OUTRP2 37 OUTRN2 40 OUTRP3 OUTRN3 39 R1+ R1– R2+ R2– R3+ R3– FILTR FILTD 42 43 + 0.1F 10F 0.1F + 10F AD1833A OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 48-Lead Low Profile Quad Flat Package [LQFP] 1.4 mm Thick (ST-48) 1.60 MAX 0.75 0.60 0.45 PIN 1 INDICATOR 9.00 BSC 37 48 36 1 1.45 1.40 1.35 0.15 0.05 0.20 0.09 SEATING PLANE C02336–0–5/03(0) Dimensions shown in millimeters SEATING PLANE 7.00 BSC TOP VIEW (PINS DOWN) 7 3.5 0 0.08 MAX COPLANARITY VIEW A 25 12 13 0.50 BSC VIEW A ROTATED 90 CCW 24 0.27 0.22 0.17 COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-026BBC –20– REV. 0