CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 1:3 LVPECL CLOCK BUFFER + ADDITIONAL LVCMOS OUTPUT AND PROGRAMMABLE DIVIDER S1 VDD0 17 VDD1 IN 3 16 Y1 IN 4 15 Y1 VDDPECL 5 14 VDD1 VBB 6 VDD3 (1) VSS(1) 7 8 9 13 10 11 12 Thermal pad must be connected to VSS. P0024-01 S2 VDD0 Y0 Y0 VDD0 S1 24 23 22 21 20 19 RTH PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) EN 1 18 S0 VDDPECL 2 17 VDD1 IN 3 16 Y1 IN 4 15 Y1 VDDPECL 5 14 VDD1 VBB 6 13 VDD3 (1) 7 8 9 10 11 12 VDD2 Y2 Y2 VDD2 Y3 VSS(1) VSS The CDCM1804 has three control terminals, S0, S1, and S2, to select different output mode settings. The S[2:0] terminals are 3-level inputs and therefore allow up to 33 = 27 combinations. Additionally, an enable terminal (EN) is provided to disable or enable all outputs simultaneously. The EN terminal is a 3-level input as well and extends the number of settings to 2 × 27 = 54. See Table 1 for details. Y0 2 DESCRIPTION The CDCM1804 clock driver distributes one pair of differential clock inputs to three pairs of LVPECL differential clock outputs Y[2:0] and Y[2:0], with minimum skew for clock distribution. The CDCM1804 is specifically designed for driving 50-Ω transmission lines. Additionally, the CDCM1804 offers a single-ended LVCMOS output Y3. This output is delayed by 1.6 ns over the three LVPECL output stages to minimize noise impact during signal transitions. Y0 VDDPECL S0 Y3 • • • 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 VDD2 • 1 Y2 • EN Y2 • • RGE PACKAGE (TOP VIEW) VDD0 • For use in single-ended driver applications, the CDCM1804 also provides a VBB output terminal that can be directly connected to the unused input as a common-mode voltage reference. VDD2 • Distributes One Differential Clock Input to Three LVPECL Differential Clock Outputs and One LVCMOS Single-Ended Output Programmable Output Divider for Two LVPECL Outputs and LVCMOS Output Low-Output Skew 15 ps (Typical) for Clock-Distribution Applications for LVPECL Outputs; 1.6-ns Output Skew Between LVCMOS and LVPECL Transitions Minimizing Noise VCC Range 3 V–3.6 V Signaling Rate Up to 800-MHz LVPECL and 200-MHz LVCMOS Differential Input Stage for Wide Common-Mode Range Provides VBB Bias Voltage Output for Single-Ended Input Signals Receiver Input Threshold ±75 mV 24-Terminal QFN Package (4 mm × 4 mm) Accepts Any Differential Signaling: LVDS, HSTL, CML, VML, SSTL-2, and Single-Ended: LVTTL/LVCMOS S2 • The CDCM1804 is characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C. VSS FEATURES Thermal pad must be connected to VSS. P0025-01 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2003–2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Y0 IN LVPECL Y0 IN LVCMOS Y3 Div 1 Div 2 Div 4 Div 8 Div 16 Y1 LVPECL Y1 VBB Bias Generator VDD − 1.3 V (Imax < 1.5 mA) Y2 LVPECL Y2 Control S1 S2 S0 EN B0059-01 2 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 TERMINAL FUNCTIONS TERMINAL NAME EN NO. 1 I/O I (with 60-kΩ pullup) DESCRIPTION ENABLE: Enables or disables all outputs simultaneously. The EN terminal offers three different configurations: tied to GND (logic 0), external 60-kΩ pulldown resistor (pull to VDD/2), or left floating (logic 1); EN = 1: outputs on according to S[2:0] settings EN = VDD/2: outputs on according to S[2:0] settings EN = 0: outputs Y[3:0] off (high impedance) See Table 1 for details. IN, IN 3, 4 I (differential) Differential input clock: Input stage is sensitive and has a wide common-mode range. Therefore, almost any type of differential signal can drive this input (LVPECL, LVDS, CML, HSTL). Because the input is high-impedance, it is recommended to terminate the PCB transmission line before the input (e.g., with 100 Ω across input). Input can also be driven by single-ended signal if the complementary input is tied to VBB. A more-advanced scheme for single-ended signals is given in the Application Information section near the end of this document. The inputs employ an ESD structure protecting the inputs in case of an input voltage exceeding the rails by more than ~0.7 V. Reverse biasing of the IC through these inputs is possible and must be prevented by limiting the input voltage < VDD. S[2:0] VBB 18, 19, 24 I (with 60-kΩ pullup) 6 O Select mode of operation: Defines the output configuration of Y[3:0]. Each terminal offers three different configurations: tied to GND (logic 0), external 60-kΩ pulldown resistor (pull to VDD/2), or left floating (logic 1); see Table 1 for details. Bias voltage output to be used to bias unused complementary input IN for single-ended input signals. The output voltage of VBB is VDD – 1.3 V. When driving a load, the output current drive is limited to about 1.5 mA. VSS VDDPECL VDD[2:0] 7 Supply Device ground 2, 5 Supply Supply voltage LVPECL input + internal logic 8, 11, 14, 17, 20, 23 Supply LVPECL output supply voltage for output Y[2:0]. Each output can be disabled by pulling the corresponding VDDx to GND. CAUTION: In this mode, no voltage from outside may be forced, because internal diodes could be forced in forward direction. Thus, it is recommended to disconnect the output. VDD3 13 Supply Supply voltage LVCMOS output. The LVCMOS output can be disabled by pulling VDD3 to GND. CAUTION: In this mode, no voltage from outside may be forced because internal diodes could be forced in a forward direction. Thus, it is recommended to leave Y3 unconnected, tied to GND, or terminated into GND. Y[2:0] Y[2:0] Y3 9, 15, 21 10, 16, 22 O (LVPECL) 12 O LVPECL clock outputs. These outputs provide low-skew copies of IN or down-divided copies of clock IN based on selected mode of operation S[2:0]. If an output is unused, the output can simply be left open to save power and minimize noise impact to the remaining outputs. LVCMOS clock output. This output provides copy of IN or down-divided copy of clock IN based on selected mode of operation S[2:0]. Also, this output can be disabled when VDD3 becomes tied to GND. CONTROL TERMINAL SETTINGS The CDCM1804 has three control terminals (S0, S1, and S2) and an enable terminal (EN) to select different output mode settings. All four inputs (S0, S1, S2, and EN) are 3-level inputs offering 54 different combinations. In addition, the EN input allows the disabling of all outputs and forcing them into a high-z (or 3-state) output state when pulled to GND. Each control input incorporates a 60-kΩ pullup resistor. Thus, it is easy to choose the input setting by designing a resistor pad between the control input and GND. To choose a logic zero, the resistor value must be zero. Setting the input high requires leaving the resistor pad empty (no resistor installed). For setting the input to VDD/2, the installed resistor must be a 60-kΩ pulldown to GND with a 10% tolerance or better. 3 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 Setting for Mode 13: EN = 1 S2 = VDD/2 S1 = VDD/2 S0 = 0 CDCM1804 REN = Open EN RS2 = 60 kΩ S2 RS1 = 60 kΩ S1 RS0 = 0 Ω S0 S0084-01 Figure 1. Control Terminal Setting for Example Table 1. Selection Mode Table LVPECL (1) (1) 4 MODE EN S2 S1 S0 Y0 0 0 x x x 1 1 0 0 0 ÷1 2 1 0 0 VDD/2 ÷1 3 1 0 0 1 ÷1 4 1 0 VDD/2 0 5 1 0 VDD/2 VDD/2 6 1 0 VDD/2 7 1 0 8 1 9 1 10 LVCMOS Y1 Y2 Y3 ÷1 ÷1 Off (high-z) Off (high-z) Off (high-z) ÷4 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷4 ÷1 ÷2 Off (high-z) ÷4 ÷1 ÷4 Off (high-z) ÷4 1 ÷1 ÷8 Off (high-z) ÷4 1 0 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷1 ÷4 0 1 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷1 ÷1 ÷4 0 1 1 ÷1 ÷2 ÷1 ÷4 1 VDD/2 0 0 ÷1 ÷4 ÷1 ÷4 11 1 VDD/2 0 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷8 ÷1 ÷4 12 1 VDD/2 0 1 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷2 ÷4 13 1 VDD/2 VDD/2 0 ÷1 ÷1 ÷2 ÷4 14 1 VDD/2 VDD/2 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷2 ÷2 ÷4 15 1 VDD/2 VDD/2 1 ÷1 ÷4 ÷2 ÷4 16 1 VDD/2 1 0 ÷1 ÷8 ÷2 ÷4 17 1 VDD/2 1 VDD/2 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷4 ÷4 18 1 VDD/2 1 1 ÷1 ÷1 ÷4 ÷4 19 1 1 0 0 ÷1 ÷2 ÷4 ÷4 20 1 1 0 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷4 ÷4 ÷4 21 1 1 0 1 ÷1 ÷8 ÷4 ÷4 22 1 1 VDD/2 0 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷8 ÷4 23 1 1 VDD/2 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷1 ÷8 ÷4 24 1 1 VDD/2 1 ÷1 ÷2 ÷8 ÷4 25 1 1 1 0 ÷1 ÷4 ÷8 ÷4 Off (high-z) The LVPECL outputs are open-emitter stages. Thus, if you leave the unused LVPECL outputs Y0, Y1, or Y2 unconnected, then the current consumption is minimized and noise impact to remaining outputs is neglectable. Also, each output can be individually disabled by connecting the corresponding VDD input to GND. CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 Table 1. Selection Mode Table (continued) LVPECL (1) LVCMOS MODE EN S2 S1 S0 Y0 Y1 Y2 Y3 26 1 1 1 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷8 ÷8 ÷4 27 1 1 1 1 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷ 16 ÷4 28 VDD/2 0 0 0 ÷1 ÷1 ÷ 16 ÷4 29 VDD/2 0 0 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷2 ÷ 16 ÷4 30 VDD/2 0 0 1 ÷1 ÷4 ÷ 16 ÷4 31 VDD/2 0 VDD/2 0 ÷1 ÷8 ÷ 16 ÷4 32 VDD/2 0 VDD/2 VDD/2 ÷1 Off (high-z) Off (high-z) ÷1 33 VDD/2 0 VDD/2 1 ÷1 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷1 34 VDD/2 0 1 0 ÷1 ÷2 Off (high-z) ÷1 35 VDD/2 0 1 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷1 Off (high-z) ÷2 36 VDD/2 0 1 1 ÷1 ÷2 Off (high-z) ÷2 37 VDD/2 VDD/2 0 0 ÷1 Off (high-z) Off (high-z) ÷2 38 VDD/2 VDD/2 0 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷1 ÷1 ÷2 39 VDD/2 VDD/2 0 1 ÷1 ÷2 ÷8 ÷2 40 VDD/2 VDD/2 VDD/2 0 ÷1 ÷2 ÷8 ÷8 41 VDD/2 VDD/2 VDD/2 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷4 Off (high-z) ÷1 42 VDD/2 VDD/2 VDD/2 1 ÷1 ÷8 Off (high-z) ÷1 43 VDD/2 VDD/2 1 0 ÷1 ÷4 Off (high-z) ÷2 44 VDD/2 VDD/2 1 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷8 Off (high-z) ÷2 45 VDD/2 VDD/2 1 1 ÷1 ÷1 ÷2 ÷2 46 VDD/2 1 0 0 ÷1 Off (high-z) Off (high-z) ÷8 47 VDD/2 1 0 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷4 Off (high-z) ÷8 48 VDD/2 1 0 1 ÷1 ÷4 ÷8 ÷8 49 VDD/2 1 VDD/2 0 ÷1 ÷8 Off (high-z) ÷8 50 VDD/2 1 VDD/2 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷2 ÷8 ÷ 16 Rsv VDD/2 1 VDD/2 1 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved Rsv VDD/2 1 1 0 N/A Low Low Low 53 VDD/2 1 1 VDD/2 ÷1 ÷1 ÷1 ÷1 54 VDD/2 1 1 1 ÷1 ÷1 ÷1 ÷1 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS over operating free-air temperature (unless otherwise noted) (1) VDD Supply voltage VI Input voltage –0.2 V to (VDD + 0.2 V) VO Output voltage –0.2 V to (VDD + 0.2 V) Differential short-circuit current, Yn, Yn, IOSD Electrostatic discharge (HBM 1.5 kΩ, 100 pF), ESD Moisture level 24-terminal QFN package (solder reflow temperature of 235°C) MSL Tstg Storage temperature TJ Maximum junction temperature (1) –0.3 V to 3.8 V Continuous >2000 V 2 –65°C to 150°C 125°C Stresses beyond those listed under "absolute maximum ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under "recommended operating conditions" is not implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 5 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS VDD Supply voltage TA Operating free-air temperature MIN TYP MAX 3 3.3 3.6 V 85 °C –40 UNIT ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) LVPECL INPUT IN, IN MAX UNIT fclk Input frequency PARAMETER 0 800 MHz VCM High-level input common mode 1 VDD – 0.3 IN (1) 500 1300 Input voltage swing between IN and IN (2) 150 1300 Input voltage swing between IN and VIN IIN Input current RIN Input impedance CI Input capacitance at IN, IN (1) (2) TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP ±10 VI = VDD or 0 V 300 V mV µA kΩ 1 pF Is required to maintain ac specifications Is required to maintain device functionality LVPECL OUTPUT DRIVER Y[2:0], Y[2:0] PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP UNIT 800 MHz Output frequency, see Figure 4 VOH High-level output voltage Termination with 50 Ω to VDD – 2 V VDD – 1.18 VDD – 0.81 V VOL Low-level output voltage Termination with 50 Ω to VDD – 2 V VDD – 1.98 VDD – 1.55 V VO Output voltage swing between Y and Termination with 50 Ω to VDD – 2 V Y, see Figure 4. 500 IOZL Output 3-state current IOZH 0 MAX fclk VDD = 3.6 V, VO = 0 V 5 VDD = 3.6 V, VO = VDD – 0.8 V tr/tf Rise and fall time 20% to 80% of VOUTPP, see Figure 9. tskpecl(o) Output skew between any LVPECL output Y[2-0] and Y[2-0] See Note A in Figure 8. tDuty Output duty-cycle distortion (1) Crossing point-to-crossing point distortion tsk(pp) Part-to-part skew Any Y, see Note B in Figure 8. CO Output capacitance VO = VDD or GND LOAD Expected output load (1) mV 10 200 15 –50 µA 350 ps 30 ps 50 ps 50 ps 1 pF 50 Ω For an 800-MHz signal, the 50-ps error would result in a duty-cycle distortion of ±4% when driven by an ideal clock input signal. LVPECL INPUT-TO-LVPECL OUTPUT PARAMETERS PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT LVPECL INPUT-TO-LVPECL OUTPUT PARAMETER tpd(lh) Propagation delay rising edge VOX to VOX 320 600 ps tpd(hl) Propagation delay falling edge VOX to VOX 320 600 ps tsk(p) LVPECL pulse skew VOX to VOX, see Note C in Figure 8. 100 ps 6 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 LVCMOS OUTPUT PARAMETER, Y3 PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS fclk OUTPUT frequency, see Figure tskLVCMOS(o) Output skew between the LVCMOS output Y3 and LVPECL outputs Y[2:0] VOX to VDD/2, see Figure 8. tsk(pp) Part-to-part skew Y3, see Note B in Figure 8. VOH TYP MAX UNIT 200 MHz 2.1 ns 0 High-level output voltage VOL MIN 5 (1). Low-level output voltage 1.3 1.6 300 ps VDD = min to max IOH = –100 µA VDD = 3 V IOH = –6 mA VDD = 3 V IOH = –12 mA VDD = min to max IOL = 100 µA 0.1 VDD = 3 V IOL = 6 mA 0.5 VDD = 3 V IOL = 12 mA 0.8 VDD – 0.1 2.4 V 2 IOH High-level output current VDD = 3.3 V VO = 1.65 V –29 IOL Low-level output current VDD = 3.3 V VO = 1.65 V 37 IOZ High-impedance-state output current VDD = 3.6 V VO = VDD or 0 V CO Output capacitance VDD = 3.3 V tDuty Output duty cycle distortion (2) Measured at VDD/2 V mA mA ±5 2 µA pF –150 150 ps tpd(lh) Propagation delay rising edge from IN to VOX to VDD/2 load, see Figure 10. Y3 1.6 2.6 ns tpd(hl) Propagation delay falling edge from IN to Y3 VOX to VDD/2 load, see Figure 10. 1.6 2.6 ns tr Output rise slew rate 20% to 80% of swing, see Figure 10. 1.4 2.3 V/ns tf Output fall slew rate 80% to 20% of swing, see Figure 10. 1.4 2.3 V/ns (1) (2) Operating the CDCM1804 LVCMOS output above the maximum frequency does not cause a malfunction to the device, but the Y3 output will not achieve enough signal swing to meet the output specification. Therefore, the CDCM1804 can be operated at higher frequencies, while the LVCMOS output Y3 becomes unusable. For a 200-MHz signal, the 150-ps error would result in a duty cycle distortion of ±3% when driven by an ideal clock input signal. JITTER CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER tjitterLVPECL tjitterLVCMOS TEST CONDITIONS 12 kHz to 20 MHz, fout = 250 MHz to 800 MHz, divide-by-1 mode Additive phase jitter from input to LVPECL output Y[2:0], see Figure 2. 50 kHz to 40 MHz, fout = 250 MHz to 800 MHz, divide-by-1 mode Additive phase jitter from input to LVCMOS output Y3, see Figure 3. MIN TYP MAX UNIT 0.15 ps rms 0.25 12 kHz to 20 MHz, fout = 250 MHz, divide-by-1 mode 0.25 50 kHz to 40 MHz, fout = 250 MHz, divide-by-1 mode 0.4 ps rms 7 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 ADDITIVE PHASE NOISE vs FREQUENCY OFFSET FROM CARRIER – LVPECL ADDITIVE PHASE NOISE vs FREQUENCY OFFSET FROM CARRIER – LVCMOS −110 −120 −110 −125 −130 −135 −140 −145 −150 −115 −120 −125 −130 −135 −140 −145 −150 −155 −160 10 VDD = 3.3 V TA = 25°C f = 250 MHz ÷1 Mode −105 Additive Phase Noise − dBc/Hz Additive Phase Noise − dBc/Hz −115 −100 VDD = 3.3 V TA = 25°C f = 622 MHz ÷1 Mode −155 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M −160 10 100M f − Frequency Offset From Carrier − Hz 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M f − Frequency Offset From Carrier − Hz G001 G002 Figure 2. Figure 3. LVPECL OUTPUT SWING vs FREQUENCY LVCMOS OUTPUT SWING vs FREQUENCY 3.5 0.90 0.85 VDD = 3.6 V VDD3 = 3.6 V 3.0 LVCMOS Output Swing − V LVPECL Output Swing − V 0.80 0.75 0.70 VDD = 3 V 0.65 0.60 0.55 VDD = 3.3 V 2.5 VDD3 = 3 V 2.0 VDD = 3.3 V 1.5 1.0 0.50 TA = 25°C Load = See Figure 10 0.5 0.45 0.40 0.1 TA = 25°C Load = 50 Ω to VDD − 2 V 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.0 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 f − Frequency − GHz 25 75 125 175 225 275 325 375 425 475 f − Frequency − MHz G003 Figure 4. 8 G004 Figure 5. CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 SUPPLY CURRENT ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS Full load Supply current IDD TYP MAX Supply current saving per LVPECL output stage disabled, no load f = 800 MHz for LVPECL output, VDD = 3.3 V Supply current, 3-state All outputs in the high-impedance state by control logic, f = 0 Hz, VDD = 3.6 V UNIT 160 mA Outputs enabled, no output load, f = 800 MHz for LVPECL outputs and 200 MHz for LVCMOS, VDD = 3.6 V No load 110 10 mA 0.5 mA SUPPLY CURRENT vs FREQUENCY 180 170 IDD − Supply Current − mA IDDZ MIN All outputs enabled and terminated with 50 Ω to VDD – 2 V on LVPECL outputs and 10 pF on LVCMOS output, f = 800 MHz for LVPECL outputs and 200 MHz for LVCMOS, VDD = 3.3 V 160 150 VDD = 3.3 V TA = 25°C Load = 10 pF/1k/1k for LVCMOS 50 Ω to VDD − 2 V for LVPECL 3 LVPECL Outputs (÷1), LVCMOS Output (÷4) 3 LVPECL Outputs (÷1) Running, LVCMOS Output Off 140 130 2 LVPECL Outputs (÷1), LVCMOS Output (÷4) 120 110 100 300 500 700 900 1100 1300 1500 f − Frequency − MHz G005 Figure 6. 9 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 PACKAGE THERMAL RESISTANCE PARAMETER RθJA-1 RθJA-2 (1) QFN-24 package thermal TEST CONDITIONS resistance (1) QFN-24 package thermal resistance with thermal vias in PCB (1) MIN TYP 4-layer JEDEC test board (JESD51-7), airflow = 0 ft/min 4-layer JEDEC test board (JESD51-7) with four thermal vias of 22-mil diameter each, airflow = 0 ft/min MAX UNIT 106.6 °C/W 55.4 °C/W It is recommended to provide four thermal vias to connect the thermal pad of the package effectively with the PCB and ensure a good heat sink. Example: Calculation of the junction-lead temperature with a 4-layer JEDEC test board using four thermal vias: TChassis = 85°C (temperature of the chassis) Peffective = Imax × Vmax = 110 mA × 3.6 V = 396 mW (maximum power consumption inside the package) θTJunction = RθJA-2 × Peffective = 55.45°C/W × 396 mW = 21.96°C TJunction = θTJunction + TChassis = 21.96°C + 85°C = 107°C (the maximum junction temperature of Tdie-max = 125°C is not violated) CONTROL INPUT CHARACTERISTICS over recommended operating free-air temperature range PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS tsu Setup time, S0, S1, S2, and EN terminals before clock IN th Hold time, S0, S1, S2, and EN terminals after clock IN t(disable) Time between latching the EN low transition and when all outputs are disabled (how much time is required until the outputs turn off) t(enable) Time between latching the EN low-to-high transition and when outputs are enabled based on control settings (how much time passes before the outputs carry valid signals) Rpullup Internal pullup resistor on S[2:0] and EN inputs Three-level input high, S0, S1, S2, and EN VIM(M) Three-level input MID, S0, S1, S2, and EN terminals VIL(L) Three-level input low, S0, S1, S2, and EN terminals (1) MAX 0 ns 10 ns 1 µs 60 78 0.9 VDD kΩ V 0.3 VDD VI = GND UNIT ns 0.7 VDD V 0.1 VDD V –5 µA 85 µA MAX UNIT VI = VDD Input current, S0, S1, S2, and EN terminals IIL TYP 25 42 terminals (1) VIH(H) IIH MIN 38 Leaving this terminal floating automatically pulls the logic level high to VDD through an internal pullup resistor of 60 kΩ. BIAS VOLTAGE VBB over recommended operating free-air temperature range PARAMETER VBB 10 Output reference voltage TEST CONDITIONS VDD = 3 V–3.6 V, IBB = –0.2 mA MIN VDD – 1.4 TYP VDD – 1.2 V CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 OUTPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE (VBB) vs LOAD 4.0 VDD = 3.3 V VBB − Output Reference Voltage − V 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 −5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 I − Load − mA G006 Figure 7. 11 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION IN IN Y0 Y0 tpd(LH1) Y1 Y1 tpd(LH2) Y2 Y2 Y3 0.5 × VDD3 tskLVCMOS(o) NOTES: A. Output skew, tsk(o), is calculated as the greater of: − The difference between the fastest and the slowest tpd(LH)n (n = 0…2) − The difference between the fastest and the slowest tpd(HL)n (n = 0…2) B. Part-to-part skew, tsk(pp), is calculated as the greater of: − The difference between the fastest and the slowest tpd(LH)n (n = 0…2 for LVPECL, n = 3 for LVCMOS) across multiple devices − The difference between the fastest and the slowest tpd(HL)n (n = 0…2 for LVPECL, n = 3 for LVCMOS) across multiple devices C. Pulse skew, tsk(p), is calculated as the magnitude of the absolute time difference between the high-to-low (tpd(HL) and the low-to-high (tpd(LH)) propagation delays when a single switching input causes one or more outputs to switch, tsk(p) = | tpd(HL) − tpd(LH) |. Pulse skew is sometimes referred to as pulse width distortion or duty cycle skew. T0067-01 Figure 8. Waveforms for Calculation of tsk(o) and tsk(pp) Yn VOH Yn VOL 80% VOUT(pp) 0V 20% |YnYn| tr tf T0058-02 Figure 9. LVPECL Differential Output Voltage and Rise/Fall Time 12 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION (continued) CDCM1804 1 kΩ LVCMOS Y3 1 kΩ 10 pF S0079-02 Figure 10. LVCMOS Output Loading During Device Test PCB DESIGN FOR THERMAL FUNCTIONALITY It is recommended to take special care of the PCB design for good thermal flow from the QFN-24 terminal package to the PCB. Due to the three LVPECL outputs, the current consumption of the CDCM1804 is fixed. JEDEC JESD51-7 specifies thermal conductivity for standard PCB boards. Modeling the CDCM1804 with a standard 4-layer JEDEC board results in a 67.22°C maximum temperature with RθJA of 106.62°C/W for 25°C ambient temperature. When deploying four thermal vias (one per quadrant), the thermal flow improves significantly, yielding 46.94°C maximum temperature with RθJA of 55.4°C/W for 25°C ambient temperature. To ensure sufficient thermal flow, it is recommended to design with four thermal vias in applications enabling all four outputs at once. 13 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION (continued) Package Thermal Pad (Underside) Thermal Via Dia 0.020 In. Top Side Island Heat Dissipation VSS Copper Plane VSS Copper Plane M0029-01 Figure 11. Recommended Thermal Via Placement See the application reports Quad Flatpack No-Lead Logic Packages (SCBA017) and QFN/SON PCB Attachment (SLUA271) for further package-related information. 14 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION LVPECL RECEIVER INPUT TERMINATION The input of the CDCM1804 has a high impedance and comes with a large common-mode voltage range. For optimized noise performance, it is recommended to properly terminate the PCB trace (transmission line). If a differential signal drives the CDCM1804, then a 100-Ω termination resistor is recommended to be placed as close as possible across the input terminals. An even better approach is to install 2 × 50 Ω, with the center tap connected to a capacitor (C) to terminate odd-mode noise and make up for transmission-line mismatches. The VBB output can also be connected to the center tap to bias the input signal to (VDD – 1.3 V) (see Figure 12). CDCM1804 CAC IN 50 Ω LVPECL 50 Ω 150 Ω 50 Ω CAC IN 50 Ω VBB 150 Ω C S0085-01 Figure 12. Recommended AC-Coupling LVPECL Receiver Input Termination CDCM1804 130 Ω IN 50 Ω LVPECL 83 Ω 130 Ω IN 50 Ω 83 Ω S0086-01 Figure 13. Recommended DC-Coupling LVPECL Receiver Input Termination The CDCM1804 can also be driven by single-ended signals. Typically, the input signal becomes connected to one input, while the complementary input must be properly biased to the center voltage of the incoming input signal. For LVCMOS signals, this would be VCC/2, realized by a simple voltage divider (e.g., two 10-kΩ resistors). The best option (especially if the dc offset of the input signal might vary) is to ac-couple the input signal and then rebias the signal using the VBB reference output. See Figure 14. 15 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) CDCM1804 CAC IN CLK Rdc IN VBB CCT NOTE: CAC − AC-coupling capacitor (e.g., 10 nF) CCT − Capacitor keeps voltage at IN constant (e.g., 10 nF) Rdc − Load and correct duty cycle (e.g., 50 Ω) VBB − Bias voltage output S0087-01 Figure 14. Typical Application Setting for Single-Ended Input Signals Driving the CDCM1804 DEVICE BEHAVIOR DURING RESET AND CONTROL-TERMINAL SWITCHING Output Behavior From Enabling the Device (EN = 0 → 1) In disable mode (EN = 0), all output drivers are switched in high-Z mode. The S[2:0] control inputs are also switched off. In the same mode, all flip-flops are reset. The typical current consumption is below 500 µA. When the device is enabled again, it takes typically 1 µs for the settling of the reference voltage and currents. During this time, the outputs Y[2:0] and Y[2:0] drive a high signal. Y3 is unknown (could be high or low). After the settle time, the outputs go into the low state. Due to the synchronization of each output driver signal with the input clock, the state of the waveforms after enabling the device is as shown in Figure 15. The inverting input and output signal are not included. The Y:/1 waveform is the undivided output driver state. 16 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) 1 µs EN IN Y:/1 High-Z Undefined Y:/2 High-Z Undefined Y:/4 High-Z Undefined Low Low Low Signal State After the Device is Enabled (IN = Low) 1 µs Undivided State is Valid After the First Positive Transition of the Input Clock EN IN Y:/1 High-Z Undefined Y:/2 High-Z Undefined Y:/4 High-Z Undefined Low Low Low Signal State After the Device is Enabled (IN = High) T0068-01 Figure 15. Waveforms Enabling a Single Output Stage If a single output stage becomes enabled: • Y[2:0] is either low or high (undefined). • Y[2:0] is the inverted signal of Y[2:0]. With the first positive clock transition, the undivided output becomes the input clock state. The divided output states are equal to the actual internal divider. The internal divider is not reset while enabling single-output drivers. 17 CDCM1804 www.ti.com SCAS697E – JULY 2003 – REVISED MAY 2005 APPLICATION INFORMATION (continued) ENABLE Yx: Disabled Enabled Undivided State is Valid After the First Positive Transition of the Input Clock IN Yx:/1 High-Z Undefined Yx:/x High-Z Undefined Divider State T0069-01 Figure 16. Signal State After an Output Driver Becomes Enabled While IN = 0 ENABLE Yx: Disabled Undivided State is Valid After the First Positive Transition of the Input Clock Enabled IN Yx:/1 High-Z Undefined Yx:/x High-Z Undefined Divider State T0070-01 Figure 17. Signal State After an Output Driver Becomes Enabled While IN = 1 18 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 8-Aug-2005 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty CDCM1804RGER ACTIVE QFN RGE 24 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR CDCM1804RGERG4 ACTIVE QFN RGE 24 3000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR CDCM1804RGET ACTIVE QFN RGE 24 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR CDCM1804RGETG4 ACTIVE QFN RGE 24 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-2-260C-1 YEAR CDCM1804RTHR ACTIVE QFN RTH 24 3000 TBD CU SNPB Level-2-235C-1 YEAR CDCM1804RTHT ACTIVE QFN RTH 24 250 TBD CU SNPB Level-2-235C-1 YEAR Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS) or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. 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