EMC EM78P5841

EM78P5840/41/42
8-BIT MICRO-CONTROLLER
Version 2.6
ELAN MICROELECTRONICS CORP.
No. 12, Innovation 1st RD., Science-Based Industrial Park
Hsin Chu City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
TEL: (03) 5639977
FAX: (03) 5630118
Version History
Specification Revision History
Version
eFHP5830B
1.0
eFHP5840
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
Content
Initial version
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
1.
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
1.
2.
Change counter1 external input pin from PC2 to P94
Modify P60, P61 to INPUT/OUTPUT IO
Remove P71 internal pull high function
Modify control register initial value
Remove 256 byte Data RAM
Remove SPI function
Add IRC and ERIC oscillator function
Decrease Stack from 16 to 8
Add Counter1 external source (from IO pad)
Remove Counter2
Add the relative of ERIC oscillating frequency and external R
Add IRC mode CLK trimming control in code option.
Modify PORT9 sink/driver current.
Rename “ERC mode” to “ERIC mode”
Modify the relative between ERIC mode’s oscillating CLK and the value
of external resister.
Change pin name from “ERCI” to “ERIC”
Change the descript about CONT reg bit7
Remove Crystal mode’s Idle application
Modify operating temperature
Rename eFH78P5840/41/42 →EM78P5840/41/42
Change IRC frequency deviation from +/- 5% to +/- 10%
Relative to EM785840’s ROM-less, OTP and mask:
ROM-less
ICE5830
OTP
EM78P5840
EM78P5841
EM78P 5842
Mask
EM785840
EM785841
EM785842
Table1: the relation between EM78P5830 and EM78P5840 series:
EM78P5830 series
EM78P5840 series
PACKAGE
EM78P5830CP
EM78P5840P
18 pin PDIP
EM78P5830ACP
EM78P5830CM
EM78P5840M
18 pin SOP
EM78P5830ACM
EM78P5830BP
EM78P5841P
20 pin PDIP
EM78P5830ABP
EM78P5830BM
EM78P5841M
20 pin SOP
EM78P5830ABM
EM78P5830FP
EM78P5842P
24 pin PDIP
EM78P5830AFP
EM78P5830FM
EM78P5842M
24 pin SOP
EM78P5830AFM
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
Table2: the major differences between EM78P5830 and EM78P5840 series:
EM78P5830 series
EM78P5840 series
CID RAM
256 byte
NA
ERIC mode
NA
Under 6M Hz
IRC mode
NA
2M / 4M Hz
WDT source
Crystal or PLL
IRC1
External CNT1 input
NA
Shared with P94
P71 pull high
Internal pull high
External pull high
/RESET pin
/RESET only
Shared with P71
PLLC pin
PLLC only
Shared with P70 and ERCI
XIN, XOUT
Crystal input
Shared with P60 and P61
Table3: the major differences between ICE5840, EM78P5840 and EM785840:
ICE5840
EM78P5840 series
CID RAM
1024 byte
NA
CID RAM address auto
V
NA
+1
EM785840 series
NA
NA
8 or 16 (shared with
CNT2) bit counter
CNT2 (**)
V
X
V
STACK
12
8
8
** CNT2 is only exist on EM78P5840/41/42 and EM785840/41/42, CNT2 is un-support on ICE5840.
CNT1 (**)
8 bit counter
8 bit counter
Table4: Differences between EM78P5840, EM78P5841 and EM78P5842:
EM78P5840
EM78P5841
Pin count
18
20
PWM
X
2 channel
IO (MAX)
16
18
EM78P5842
24
2 channel
22
User Application Note
(Before using this chip, take a look at the following description note, it includes important messages.)
1. There are some undefined bits in the registers. The values in these bits are unpredicted. These
bits are not allowed to use. We use the symbol “-” in the spec to recognize them. A fixed value
must be write in some specific unused bits by software or some unpredicted wrong will occur.
2. You will see some names for the register bits definitions. Some name will be appear very
frequently in the whole spec. The following describes the meaning for the register’s definitions
such as bit type, bit name, bit number and so on.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
RA
PAGE0
7
6
5
4
3
2
RAB7
RAB6
BAB5
RAB4
-
R/W -0
R/W -0
R-1
R/W -1
Bit type
read/write
(default value=0)
read/write
(default value=1)
RAB2
1
RAB1
RAB0
R
R-0
R/W
read only
(w/o default value)
0
read/write
(w/o default value)
Bit name
Bit number
Register name and its page
(undefined) not allowed to use
read only
(default value=1)
read only
(default value=0)
3. Always set IOCC PAGE1 bit 0 = 1 otherwise partial ADC function cannot be used (in ICE5830).
4. Please do not switch MCU operation mode from normal mode to sleep mode directly. Before
into sleep mode, please switch MCU to green mode.
5. While switching main clock (regardless of high freq to low freq or on the other hand), adding 6
instructions delay (NOP) is required.
6. Offset voltage will effect ADC’s result, please refer to figure 19 to detail.
7. Please do not connect unnecessary circuit on OTP burner pins during burning the OTP ROM.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
I. General Description
The EM78P5840 series are 8-bit RISC type microprocessor with low power, high speed CMOS technology. There
are 4Kx13 bits Electrical One Time Programmable Read Only Memory (OTP-ROM) within it. It provides security bits
and some One time programmable Option bits to protect the OTP memory code from any external access as well as to
meet user’s options.
This integrated single chip has an on_chip watchdog timer (WDT), program OTP-ROM, RAM, programmable real
time clock/counter, internal interrupt, power down mode, dual PWM (Pulse Width Modulation), 8-channel 10-bit A/D
converter and tri-state I/O.
II. Feature
CPU
· Operating voltage : 2.2V~5.5V at main CLK less then 3.58MHz.
Main CLK(Hz)
Under 3.58M
14.3M
Operating Voltage(min)
2.2V
3.6V
• 4k x 13 on chip Electrical One Time Programmable Read Only Memory (OTP-ROM)
• 144 x 8 on chip general propose RAM
• Up to 19 bi-directional and 3 input only general purpose I/O
• 8 level stack for subroutine nesting
• 8-bit real time clock/counter (TCC)
• One 8-bit counter interrupt
• On-chip watchdog timer (WDT)
• 99.9％ single instruction cycle commands
• Three action modes in Crystal mode (Main clock can be programmed to 3.58M or 14.3M Hz)
Mode
CPU status
Main clock
32.768kHz clock status
Sleep mode
Turn off
Turn off
Turn off
Green mode
Turn on
Turn off
Turn on
Normal mode Turn on
Turn on
Turn on
• 2 level Normal mode frequency: 3.58M and 14.3MHz.
• Input port interrupt function
• Dual clocks operation (Internal PLL main clock , External 32.768KHz)
Operating frequency mode
• Crystal mode (XIN,XOUT pin connect external crystal and capacitance)
• ERIC mode (ERCI pin connect resister to VDD)
• IRC mode
PWM
• Dual PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) with 10-bit resolution
• Programmable period (or baud rate)
• Programmable duty cycle
ADC
· Operating : 2.5V∼5.5V
Converter Rate
Operating Voltage(min)
74.6K
3.5V
37.4K
3.0V
18.7K
2.5V
9.3K
2.5V
· 8 channel 10-bit successive approximation A/D converter
· Internal (VDD) reference voltage
POR
· Power-on reset
PACKAGE
EM78P5840M Æ 18 pin SOP, EM78P5841M Æ 20 pin SOP, EM78P5842M Æ 24 pin SOP
EM78P5840P Æ 18 pin PDIP, EM78P5841P Æ 20 pin PDIP, EM78P5842P Æ 24 pin PDIP
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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8-bit Micro-controller
III. Application
General products application.
IV. Pin Configuration
CIN/P94
1
18
AD8/P93
P95
2
17
AD7/P92
P96
3
16
AD2/P91
AVDD
4
15
AD1/P90
5
14
INT3/P73
AVSS
6
13
AD6/P65
7
12
XOUT/P60
AD5/P64
8
11
XIN/P61
AD4/P63
9
10
AD3/P62
PLLC/ERIC
/P70/INT0
/RESET/P71/INT1
(a)
CIN/P94
1
20
AD8/P93
P95
2
19
AD7/P92
P96
3
18
AD2/P91
AVDD
4
17
AD1/P90
5
16
PWM2/PC2
PLLC/ERIC
/P70/INT0
CIN/P94
1
24
AD8/P93
P95
2
23
AD7/P92
P96
3
22
AD2/P91
P97
4
21
AD1/P90
AVDD
5
20
PWM2/PC2
PLLC/ERIC
6
19
PWM1/PC1
AVSS
7
18
INT3/P73
AD6/P65
8
17
P74
AD5/P64
9
16
P75
AD4/P63
10
15
P76
AD3/P62
11
14
/RESET/P71/INT1
XIN/P61
12
13
XOUT/P60
/P70/INT0
AVSS
6
15
PWM1/PC1
AD6/P65
7
14
INT3/P73
AD5/P64
8
13
AD4/P63
9
12
XOUT/P60
AD3/P62
10
11
XIN/P61
/RESET/P71/INT1
(b)
(c)
Fig.1: EM78P5840 series pin assignment.
(a): EM78P5840M, EM78P5840P
(b): EM78P5841M, EM78P5841P
(c): EM78P5842M, EM78P5842P
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
V. Functional Block Diagram
CPU
DATA RAM
CONTROL REGISTER
TIMING
CONTROL
TIMER
TCC
COUNTER1
COUNTER2
WDT
I/O PORT
PWM
10-bit A/D
ROM
Fig.2a Block diagram
XIN XOUT PLLC
WDT
timer
R2
ROM
Oscillator
timing control
STACK
Prescaler
Interrupt
control
R1(TCC)
Instruction
register
General
RAM
Control sleep
and wakeup
on I/O port
ALU
R3
R5
ACC
Instruction
decoder
R4
DATA & Control Bus
PWM
10-bit A/D
IOC6
IOC7
IOC9
IOCC
R6
R7
R9
RC
PORT6
PORT7
PORT9
PORTC
P90~P97
PC1~PC2
P60~P61
P62~P66
P71
P70
P73~P76
Fig.2b Block diagram
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
VI. Pin Descriptions
PIN
I/O
DESCRIPTION
POWER
AVDD
AVSS
POWER
POWER
Power
Ground
CLOCK
XIN
XOUT
PLLC
OSC
CIN
I
O
I
I
I
Input pin for 32.768 kHz oscillator
Output pin for 32.768 kHz oscillator
Phase loop lock capacitor, connect a capacitor 0.047u to 0.1u to the ground.
ERIC mode clock signal input. This pin is shared with PLLC.
Counter1 external CLK input. This pin is shared with P94.
Note the frequency of the input CLK must less than 1M Hz.
10-bit 8 channel A/D
AD1
I (P90)
AD2
I (P91)
AD3
I (P62)
AD4
I (P63)
AD5
I (P64)
AD6
I (P65)
AD7
I (P92)
AD8
I (P93)
PWM
PWM1
O
PWM2
O
IO
P60 ~ P61
I/O
P62 ~P65
P70
P71
P73~P76
P90 ~ P97
PC1 ~ PC2
INT0
I/O
I/O
I
I/O
I/O
I/O
(PORT70)
INT1
(PORT71)
INT3
PORT73
/RESET
I
ADC input channel 1. Shared with PORT90
ADC input channel 2. Shared with PORT91
ADC input channel 3. Shared with PORT62
ADC input channel 4. Shared with PORT63
ADC input channel 5. Shared with PORT64
ADC input channel 6. Shared with PORT65
ADC input channel 7. Shared with PORT92
ADC input channel 8. Shared with PORT93
Pulse width modulation output
This pin shared with PORTC1
Pulse width modulation output
This pin shared with PORTC2
PORT60,1 can be INPUT or OUTPUT port each bit.. These two pins can be
used on ERIC and IRC modes.
PORT6 can be INPUT or OUTPUT port each bit.
PORT70 can be INPUT or OUTPUT port each bit.
PORT71 is INPUT only.
PORT7 can be INPUT or OUTPUT port each bit.
PORT9 can be INPUT or OUTPUT port each bit.
PORTC can be INPUT or OUTPUT port each bit.
Interrupt sources. Once PORT70 has a falling edge or rising edge signal
(controlled by CONT register), it will generate a interruption.
Interrupt sources which has the same interrupt flag. Any pin from PORT71
has a falling edge signal, it will generate a interruption.
Interrupt sources which has the same interrupt flag. Any pin from PORT73
has a falling edge signal, it will generate a interruption.
Low reset
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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8-bit Micro-controller
VII. Functional Descriptions
VII.1 Operational Registers
Register configuration
Addr
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
R PAGE registers
R PAGE0
R PAGE1
R PAGE2
Indirect addressing
TCC
PC
Page, Status
RAM bank, RSR
Program ROM page
Port6 I/O data
Port7 I/O data
ADC MSB output
data
08
09 Port9 I/O data
0A PLL, Main clock,
WDTE
0B
0C
0D
0E
0F
10
:
1F
20
:
3F
PortC I/O data
ADC output data
buffer
Counter1 data
R PAGE3
PWM control
Duty of PWM1
PWM1 control
Duty of PWM1
Period of PWM1
Duty of PWM2
PWM2 control
Duty of PWM2
Period of PWM2
Interrupt flag
Interrupt flag
16 bytes
Common registers
Bank0
Common registers
(32x8 for each
bank)
Bank1
Bank2
Bank3
*Address 00~0F with page0~page3 are special registers. Address 10~1F are global with general purpose memory. By
setting MOV instruction, MCU can read or write these register directly and RAM bank select bits (RB1, RB0 in R4
page0) will be ignored. Address 20~ 3F are general purpose RAM too, but user must indicate the bank number before
access data.
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
Addr
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
0A
0B
0C
0D
IOC PAGE registers
IOC PAGE0
IOC PAGE1
Port6 I/O control
Port7 I/O control
Port6 switches
Port7 pull high
Port9 I/O control
ADC control
Clock source (CN1)
Prescaler(CN1)
0E Interrupt mask
0F Interrupt mask
10
:
1F
20
:
3F
* IOC register are special registers. User can use instruction
“IOW” to write data or “IOR” to read data.
VII.2 Operational Register Detail Description
R0 (Indirect Addressing Register)
R0 is not a physically implemented register. It is used as indirect addressing pointer. Any instruction using R0
as register actually accesses data pointed by the RAM Select Register (R4).
Example:
Mov A, @0x20
;store a address at R4 for indirect addressing
Mov 0x04, A
Mov A, @0xAA
;write data 0xAA to R20 at bank0 through R0
Mov 0x00, A
R1 (TCC)
TCC data buffer. Increased by 16.384KHz or by the instruction cycle clock (controlled by CONT register).
Written and read by the program as any other register.
R2 (Program Counter)
The structure is depicted in Fig.3.
Generates 4k × 13 external ROM addresses to the relative programming instruction codes.
"JMP" instruction allows the direct loading of the low 10 program counter bits.
"CALL" instruction loads the low 10 bits of the PC, PC+1, and then push into the stack.
"RET'' ("RETL k", "RETI") instruction loads the program counter with the contents at the top of stack.
"MOV R2, A" allows the loading of an address from the A register to the PC, and the ninth and tenth bits are
cleared to "0''.
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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8-bit Micro-controller
"ADD R2,A" allows a relative address be added to the current PC, and contents of the ninth and tenth bits are
cleared to "0''.
"TBL" allows a relative address added to the current PC, and contents of the ninth and tenth bits don't change.
The most significant bit (A10~A11) will be loaded with the contents of bit PS0~PS1 in the status register (R5
PAGE0) upon the execution of a "JMP'', "CALL'', "ADD R2, A'', or "MOV R2, A'' instruction.
If an interrupt is triggered, PROGRAM ROM will jump to address 0x08 at page0. The CPU will store ACC,
R3 status and R5 PAGE automatically, and they will be restored after instruction RETI.
R5(PAGE)
CALL
and
INTERRUPT
A11 A10
A9 A8
A7~A0
0 0
PAGE0 00000~003FF
0 1
PAGE1 00400~007FF
1 0
PAGE2 00800~00BFF
1 1
PAGE3 00C00~00FFF
RET
RETL
RETI
STACK1
STACK2
STACK3
STACK4
STACK5
STACK6
STACK7
STACK8
store
ACC,R3,R5(PAGE)
restore
Fig.3 Program counter organization
R3 (Status, Page selection)
(Status flag, Page selection bits)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RPAGE1 RPAGE0 IOCPAGE
T
P
Z
DC
C
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R
R
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit 0(C) : Carry flag
Bit 1(DC) : Auxiliary carry flag
Bit 2(Z) : Zero flag
Bit 3(P) : Power down bit
Set to 1 during power on or by a "WDTC" command and reset to 0 by a "SLEP" command.
Bit 4(T) : Time-out bit
Set to 1 by the "SLEP" and "WDTC" command, or during power up and reset to 0 by WDT timeout.
EVENT
T
P
WDT wake up from sleep mode
0
0
WDT time out (not sleep mode)
0
1
/RESET wake up from sleep
1
0
Power up
1
1
Low pulse on /RESET
x
X
REMARK
x : don't care
Bit 5(IOCPAGE) : change IOC5 ~ IOCE to another page
Please refer to Fig.4 control register configuration for details.
0/1 Î IOC page0 / IOC page1
Bit 6(RPAGE0 ~ RPAGE1) : change R5 ~ RE to another page
Please refer to VII.1 Operational registers for detail register configuration.
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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8-bit Micro-controller
(RPAGE1,RPAGE0)
R page # selected
(0,0)
(0,1)
(1,0)
(1,1)
R page 0
R page 1
R page 2
R page 3
R4 (RAM selection for common registers R20 ~ R3F)
(RAM selection register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RB1
RB0
RSR5
RSR4
RSR3
RSR2
RSR1
RSR0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit 0 ~ Bit 5 (RSR0 ~ RSR5) : Indirect addressing for common registers R20 ~ R3F
RSR bits are used to select up to 32 registers (R20 to R3F) in the indirect addressing mode.
Bit 6 ~ Bit 7 (RB0 ~ RB1) : Bank selection bits for common registers R20 ~ R3F
These selection bits are used to determine which bank is activated among the 4 banks for 32 register (R20 to
R3F)..
Please refer to VII.1 Operational registers for details.
R5 (Program page selection, PWM control)
PAGE0 (PORT5 I/O data register, Program page register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
X
X
X
X
0
0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0 ~ Bit 1 (PS0 ~ PS1) : Program page selection bits
PS1 PS0 Program memory page (Address)
0
0
Page 0
0
1
Page 1
1
0
Page 2
1
1
Page 3
1
PS1
R/W-0
0
PS0
R/W-0
User can use PAGE instruction to change page to maintain program page by user.
Bit2~Bit3 : (undefined) These 2 bits must clear to 0 or MCU will access wronging program code.
Bit4~Bit7: (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE1, PAGE2 (Unused registers)
These two registers are not allowed to used.
PAGE3 (PWMCON)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
PWM2E PWM1E
T2EN
T1EN
T2P1
T2P0
T1P1
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0 ~ Bit 1 ( T1P0 ~ T1P1 ): TMR1 clock prescale option bits.
T1P1
T1P0
Prescale
0
0
1:2(Default)
0
1
1:8
1
0
1:32
1
1
1:64
0
T1P0
R/W-0
Bit 2 ~ Bit 3 ( T2P0 ~ T2P1 ): TMR2 clock prescale option bits.
T2P1
T2P0
Prescale
0
0
1:2(Default)
0
1
1:8
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
1
0
1:32
1
1
1:64
Bit 4 (T1EN): TMR1 enable bit
0 Î TMR1 is off (default value).
1 Î TMR1 is on.
Bit 5 (T2EN): TMR2 enable bit
0 Î TMR2 is off (default value).
1 Î TMR2 is on.
Bit 6 (PWM1E): PWM1 enable bit
0 Î PWM1 is off (default value), and its related pin carries out the PC1 function;
1 Î PWM1 is on, and its related pin will be set to output automatically.
Bit 7 (PWM2E): PWM2 enable bit
0 Î PWM2 is off (default value), and its related pin carries out the PC2 function.
1 Î PWM2 is on, and its related pin will be set to output automatically.
R6 (PORT6 I/O data, PWM control)
PAGE0 (PORT6 I/O data register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
X
P65
P64
P63
P62
P61
P60
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit0 ~ Bit1 (P60 ~ P61): PORT60 and PORT61 can be used on IRC and ERIC mode. In these two mode, PORT60
and PORT61 will defined to general purpose IO. In crystal mode, PORT60 and PORT61 are defined to crystal
input (XIN and XOUT) pins and these two bits are undefined.
Bit2 ~ Bit6 (P62 ~ P65): 4-bit PORT6(2~5) I/O data register
User can use IOC register to define input or output each bit.
Bit6 ~ Bit7 : Unused register. These bits are not allowed to use.
PAGE1, PAGE2 : (undefined) not allowed to use
These two registers are not allowed to use.
PAGE3 (DT1L: the Least Significant Byte ( Bit 7 ~ Bit 0) of Duty Cycle of PWM1)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PWM1[7] PWM1[6] PWM1[5] PWM1[4] PWM1[3] PWM1[2] PWM1[1] PWM1[0]
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
A specified value keeps the output of PWM1 to stay at high until the value matches with TMR1.
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
R7 (PORT7 I/O data, ADC, Duty cycle of PWM )
PAGE0 (PORT7 I/O data register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
P76
P75
P74
P73
X
P71
P70
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R
R/W
Bit0 (P70): PORT70 is a multi-function pin. In Crystal mode, by setting P70S in code option, PORT70 will be
general purpose IO or PLLC. Please do not enable PLL function if PORT70 defined to IO. In IRC or ERIC
mode, this pin will defined to PORT70 and P70S will be ignored. P70 is PORT70 I/O data register and user
can use IOC register to define input or output each bit.
Bit1 (P71): PORT71 is shared with /RESET pin. By setting P71S in code option, PORT71 will defined to INPUT
pin or /RESET pin. This register is a read only bit. P71 dose not support internal pull high function. If user
want to use P71 interrupt, external pull high is necessary.
Bit3 ~ Bit6 (P73 ~ P76): 4 - bit PORT7 I/O data register
User can use IOC register to define input or output each bit.
PAGE1 (ADC resolution selection bit and ADC MSB output data)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
X
AD9
AD8
X
ADRES
0
0
R
R
R/W-0
R-0
R-0
Bit 0~Bit 1: Undefined register. These two bits are not allowed to use. These bits must clear to 0.
Bit 2(ADRES) : Resolution selection for ADC
0 Î ADC is 8-bit resolution
When 8-bit resolution is selected, the most significant(MSB) 8-bit data output of the internal 10-bit ADC
will be mapping to RB PAGE1 so R7 PAGE1 bit 4 ~5 will be of no use.
1 Î ADC is 10-bit resolution
When 10-bit resolution is selected, 10-bit data output of the internal 10-bit ADC will be exactly mapping
to RB PAGE1 and R7 PAGE1 bit 4 ~5.
Bit 3 : (undefined) not allowed to use
Bit 4 ~ Bit 5(AD8 ~ AD9) : The most significant 2 bit of 10-bit ADC conversion output data
Combine there two bits and RB PAGE1 as complete 10-bit ADC conversion output data.
Bit 6 ~ Bit 7 : (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE2 : (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE3 (DT1H: the Most Significant Byte ( Bit 1 ~ Bit 0 ) of Duty Cycle of PWM)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
PWM1[9] PWM1[8]
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0 ~ Bit 1 (PWM1[8] ~ PWM1[9]): The Most Significant two bits of PWM1 Duty Cycle
Bit 2 ~ Bit 7 : Unused.
R8 (Data RAM address, PWM1 period)
PAGE0: (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE1: (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE2: (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE3 (PRD1: Period of PWM)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PRD1[7] PRD1[6] PRD1[5] PRD1[4] PRD1[3] PRD1[2] PRD1[1] PRD1[0]
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
The content of this register is a period (time base) of PWM1. The frequency of PWM1 is the reverse of the
period.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
12
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
R9 (PORT9 I/O data)
PAGE0 (PORT9 I/O data register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P97
P96
P95
P94
P93
P92
P91
P90
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit 0 ~ Bit 7 (P90 ~ P97) : 8-bit PORT9(0~7) I/O data register
User can use IOC register to define input or output each bit.
PAGE1: (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE2: (undefined) not allowed to us
PAGE3 (DT2L: the Least Significant Byte ( Bit 7 ~ Bit 0 ) of Duty Cycle of PWM2)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PWM2[7] PWM2[6] PWM2[5] PWM2[4] PWM2[3] PWM2[2] PWM2[1] PWM2[0]
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
A specified value keeps the output of PWM2 to stay at high until the value matches with TMR2.
RA (PLL, Main clock selection, Watchdog timer)
PAGE0 (PLL enable bit, Main clock selection bits, Watchdog timer enable bit)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PLLEN
CLK2
CLK1
CLK0
X
X
WDTEN
0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0(WDTEN) : Watch dog control bit.
0/1 Î disable/enable
User can use WDTC instruction to clear watch dog counter. The watchdog timer is a free running on-chip RC
oscillator. The WDT will keep on running even after the oscillator driver has been turned off (i.e. in sleep mode).
During normal operation or sleep mode, a WDT time-out (if enabled) will cause the device to reset. The WDT can
be enabled or disabled at any time during the green mode or normal mode by software programming. Without
presacler, the WDT time-out period is approximately 18 ms.
Bit 1~Bit 2 : Unused
Bit 3 ~ Bit 5 (CLK0 ~ CLK2) : MAIN clock selection bits on Crystal mode. These three bits are unused on
IRC and ERIC mode.
In Crystal mode:
User can choose different frequency of main clock by CLK1 and CLK2. All the clock selection is list below.
PLLEN
CLK2
CLK1
CLK0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
don’t care don’t care don’t care
Sub clock
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
32.768kHz
MAIN clock
3.582MHz
3.582MHz
3.582MHz
3.582MHz
14.3MHz
14.3MHz
14.3MHz
14.3MHz
don’t care
CPU clock
3.582MHz (Normal mode)
3.582MHz (Normal mode)
3.582MHz (Normal mode)
3.582MHz (Normal mode)
14.3MHz (Normal mode)
14.3MHz (Normal mode)
14.3MHz (Normal mode)
14.3MHz (Normal mode)
32.768kHz (Green mode)
Bit 6(PLLEN) : PLL's power control bit which is CPU mode control register. This bit is only used in crystal
mode. In RC mode, this bit will be ignored.
0/1 Î disable PLL/enable PLL
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
13
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
If enable PLL, CPU will operate at normal mode (high frequency). Otherwise, it will run at green mode
(low frequency, 32768 Hz).
3.58MHz, 14.3MHz
CLK2 ~ CLK0
PLL circuit
1
switch
ENPLL
System clock
0
Sub-clock
32.768kHz
Fig.4 The relation between 32.768kHz and PLL
Bit 7: Unused register. Always keep this bit to 0 or some un-expect error will happen!
Next table show the status after wake-up and the wake-up sources list
Wakeup signal
TCC time out
IOCF bit0=1
COUNTER1 time out
IOCF bit1=1
WDT time out
PORT7 (0,1,3)
SLEEP mode
RA(7,6)=(0,0)
+ SLEP
No function
No function
Reset and jump to address 0
Reset and Jump to address 0
PORT70 's wakeup function is controlled by IOCF bit 3. It's falling edge or rising edge trigger (controlled
by CONT register bit7).
PORT71 's wakeup function is controlled by IOCF bit 4. It’s falling edge trigger.
PORT73 's wakeup function is controlled by IOCF bit 5. It is falling edge trigger.
PAGE1,2 : (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE3 (DT2H: the Most Significant Byte ( Bit 1 ~ Bit 0 ) of Duty Cycle of PWM2)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
X
PWM2[9] PWM2[8]
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0 ~ Bit 1 (PWM2[8] ~ PWM2[9]): The Most Significant Byte of PWM1 Duty Cycle
A specified value keeps the PWM1 output to stay at high until the value matches with TMR1.
Bit 2 ~ Bit 7 : (undefined) not allowed to use
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
14
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
RB (ADC input data buffer)
PAGE0 : (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE1 (ADC output data register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
AD7
AD6
AD5
AD4
AD3
AD2
AD1
AD0
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
R
Bit 0 ~ Bit 7 (AD0 ~ AD7) : The last significant 8 bit of 10-bit or whole of 8 bit resolution ADC conversion
output data. Combine there 8 bits and R7 PAGE1 bit4~5 as complete 10-bit ADC conversion output data in 10
bit resolution mode.
PAGE 2 (undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE3 (PRD2: Period of PWM2)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PRD2[7] PRD2[6] PRD2[5] PRD2[4] PRD2[3] PRD2[2] PRD2[1] PRD2[0]
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
The content of this register is a period (time base) of PWM2. The frequency of PWM2 is the reverse of the
period.
RC (PORTC I/O data, Counter1 data)
PAGE0 (PORT9 I/O data register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
X
X
X
X
PC2
PC1
X
R/W
R/W
Bit 1 ~ Bit 2 (PC1 ~ PC2) : PORTC1,PORTC2 I/O data register
User can use IOC register to define input or output each bit.
Bit 0; Bit 3~Bit 7: (undefined) not allowed to use.(These bits are not sure to 0 or 1 )
PAGE1 (Counter1 data register)
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
CN17
CN16
CN15
CN14
CN13
CN12
CN11
CN10
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0 ~ Bit 7 (CN10 ~ CN17) : Counter1's buffer that user can read and write.
Counter1 is a 8-bit up-counter with 8-bit prescaler that user can use RC PAGE1 to preset and read the
counter.(write Î preset) After a interruption , it will reload the preset value.
Example for writing :
MOV 0x0C, A ; write the data at accumulator to counter1 (preset)
Example for reading :
MOV A, 0x0C
; read the data at counter1 to accumulator
PAGE2,3 (undefined) not allowed to use.
RD (Undefined register)
PAGE0 (Unused)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
0
X
0
0
0
0
0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit 0 ~Bit 2 : These three bits must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
Bit 3 , Bit 7 : (undefined) not allowed to use
Bit4 ~ Bit6 : These 3 bits are unused in mask/OTP EM785840, but they are used for ICE5830. About the
definition of these 3 bits, please refer to appendix II. In ICE5830, please clear bit4, bit5 and bit6 to 0.
PAGE1,2,3 (undefined) not allowed to use.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
15
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
RE (Interrupt flag)
PAGE0 (Interrupt flag)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PWM2
0
ADI
PWM1
0
0
0
0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit0 ~ Bit3, Bit6: These four bits must clear to 0 or unable to expect error will occur .
Bit 4(PWM1) : PWM1 one period reach interrupt flag.
Bit 5 (ADI) : ADC interrupt flag after a sampling
Bit 7 (PWM2) : PWM2 (Pulse Width Modulation channel 2) interrupt flag
Set when a selected period is reached, reset by software.
PAGE2,3 (undefined) not allowed to use.
RF (Interrupt status)
(Interrupt status register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
INT3
0
0
INT1
INT0
0
CNT1
TCIF
R/W-0
R/W-X
R/W-X R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-X R/W-0
R/W-0
"1" means interrupt request, "0" means non-interrupt
Bit 0(TCIF) : TCC timer overflow interrupt flag
Set when TCC timer overflows.
Bit 1(CNT1) : counter1 timer overflow interrupt flag
Set when counter1 timer overflows.
Bit 2,5,6: Unused (These bits are not sure to 0 or 1. When programmer determine what interrupt occur in
subroutine, be care to note these bits)
Bit 3(INT0): By setting PORT70 to general IO, INT0 will define to PORT70 pin’s interrupt flag. If PORT70 has
a falling edge/rising edge (controlled by CONT register) trigger signal, CPU will set this bit. If setting
the pin to PLLC or OSCI, PORT70 interrupt will un-exist and INT0 register will be ignored.
Bit 4(INT1): By setting PORT71 to general IO, INT1 will define to PORT71 pin’s interrupt flag. External pull
high circuit is needed for PORT71 interrupt operation. If PORT71 has a falling edge trigger signal, CPU
will set this bit. If setting the pin to /RESET, PORT71 interrupt will un-exist and INT1 register will be
ignored.
Bit 7(INT3): External PORT73 pin interrupt flag. If PORT73 has a falling edge trigger signal, CPU will set this
bit.
<Note> IOCF is the interrupt mask register. User can read and clear.
Trigger edge as the table
Signal
Trigger
TCC
COUNTER1
INT0
Time out
Time out
Falling
Rising edge
Falling edge
Falling edge
INT1
INT3
R10~R3F (General Purpose Register)
R10~R3F (Banks 0 ~ 3) : all are general purpose registers.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
16
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
VII.3 Special Purpose Registers
A (Accumulator)
Internal data transfer, or instruction operand holding
It's not an addressable register.
CONT (Control Register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
P70EG
INT
TS
RETBK
PAB
PSR2
R/W-1
R/W-0
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
Bit 0 ~ Bit 2 (PSR0 ~ PSR2) : TCC/WDT prescaler bits
PSR2
PSR1
PSR0
TCC rate
WDT rate
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
1:256
1:1
1:2
1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
1:64
1:128
1
PSR1
R/W-1
0
PSR0
R/W-1
Bit 3(PAB) : Prescaler assignment bit
0/1 Î TCC/WDT
Bit 4(RETBK) : Return value backup control for interrupt routine
0/1 Î disable/enable
When this bit is set to 1, the CPU will store ACC,R3 status and R5 PAGE automatically after an interrupt is
triggered. And it will be restored after instruction RETI. When this bit is set to 0, the user need to store ACC,
R3 and R5 PAGE in user program.
Bit 5(TS) : TCC signal source
0 Î Internal instruction cycle clock
1 Î IRC output
Bit 6 (INT) : INT enable flag
0 Î interrupt masked by DISI or hardware interrupt
1 Î interrupt enabled by ENI/RETI instructions
Bit 7 (P70EG): If switch port70 to INT0 input, P70EG can select the interrupt toggle type.
0 Î P70 's interruption source is a rising edge signal and falling edge signal.
1 Î P70 's interruption source is a falling edge signal.
CONT register is readable (CONTR) and writable (CONTW).
TCC and WDT :
There is an 8-bit counter available as prescaler for the TCC or WDT. The prescaler is available for the TCC
only or WDT only at the same time.
An 8 bit counter is available for TCC or WDT determined by the status of the bit 3 (PAB) of the CONT
register.
See the prescaler ratio in CONT register.
Fig.5 depicts the circuit diagram of TCC/WDT.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
17
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
OSCM1,0
PLL
Output
IRC2
oscillator
ERC
oscillator
IRC1
(32K)
Fig.5 Block diagram of TCC WDT
IOC5 (Unused)
PAGE0 (Unused)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W
Bit0~4 : (undefined) not allowed to use
Bit5~Bit7(Unused) : These three bits must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
The default value in these 3 bits are “1”. Please clear them to “0” when init MCU.
PAGE1 (undefined) not allowed to use.(This page is not sure to 0 or 1 )
IOC6 (PORT6 I/O control, P6* pins switch control)
PAGE0 (PORT6 I/O control register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
IOC65
IOC64
IOC63
IOC62
IOC61
IOC60
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
Bit0~Bit1: In crystal mode, these two bits are unused registers. In IRC or ERIC mode, PORT60 and PORT61 are
I/O direction control register.
Bit 2 ~ Bit 5 (IOC62 ~ IOC65) : PORT6(2~5) I/O direction control register
0 Î put the relative I/O pin as output
1 Î put the relative I/O pin into high impedance
Bit6~Bit7 (Unused): These2 bits must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
The default value in these 2 bits are “1”. Please clear them to “0” when init MCU.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
18
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
PAGE1 (P6* pins switch control register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
X
0
P65S
P64S
P63S
P62S
P91S
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
ADC channel 1 and channel 2 are shared with PORT90 and PORT91.
Bit 0(P90S) : Select normal I/O PORT90 pin or channel 1 input AD1 pin of ADC
0 Î P90 (I/O PORT90) pin is selected
1 Î AD1 (Channel 1 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit 1(P91S) : Select normal I/O PORT91 pin or channel 2 input AD2 pin of ADC
0 Î P91 (I/O PORT91) pin is selected
1 Î AD2 (Channel 2 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit 2(P62S) : Select normal I/O PORT62 pin or channel 3 input AD3 pin of ADC
0 Î P62 (I/O PORT62) pin is selected
1 Î AD3 (Channel 3 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit 3(P63S) : Select normal I/O PORT63 pin or channel 4 input AD4 pin of ADC
0 Î P63 (I/O PORT63) pin is selected
1 Î AD4 (Channel 4 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit 4(P64S) : Select normal I/O PORT64 pin or channel 5 input AD5 pin of ADC
0 Î P64 (I/O PORT64) pin is selected
1 Î AD5 (Channel 5 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit 5(P65S) : Select normal I/O PORT65 pin or channel 6 input AD6 pin of ADC
0 Î P65 (I/O PORT65) pin is selected
1 Î AD5 (Channel 6 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit 6: Unused register. Please clear this bit to 0 or ADC result will wronging.
Bit 7: Unused register. This bit is nor allowed to use.
0
P90S
R/W-0
IOC7 (PORT7 I/O control, PORT7 pull high control)
PAGE0 (PORT7 I/O control register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
IOC76
IOC75
IOC74
IOC73
X
X
IOC70
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
Bit0(IOC70): PORT70 pin will defined to general purpose IO, PLLC or OSC by setting code option. In IRC
mode or crystal mode(only at code option P70S =0 ), PORT70 pin will be a general purpose IO. IOC70 is
PORT70 pin’s I/O direction control register.
0 Î put the relative I/O pin as output
1 Î put the relative I/O pin into high impedance
Bit1 (Unused) : This bit is unused registers. By setting P71S = 1 in code option, PORT71 pin will be a INPUT
only pin.
Bit2; Bit7 (Unused) : These 2 bits must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
The default value in these 3 bits are “1”. Please clear them to “0” when init MCU.
Bit3~Bit6 (IOC73~IOC76) : PORT7 I/O direction control register
0 Î put the relative I/O pin as output
1 Î put the relative I/O pin into high impedance
PAGE1 (PORT7 pull high control register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
PH76
PH75
PH74
PH73
X
X
PH70
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit0: PORT70 pull high control register. This bit only exist on setting PORT70 general purpose IO.
0 Î disable pull high function.
1 Î enable pull high function
Bit1, Bit7 (Unused): These2 bits must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
Bit3~Bit6 : PORT7 pull high control register
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
19
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
0 Î disable pull high function.
1 Î enable pull high function
IOC8 (Unused), not allowed to use
IOC9 (PORT9 I/O control, PORT9 switches)
PAGE0 (PORT9 I/O control register)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IOC97
IOC96
IOC95
IOC94
IOC93
IOC92
IOC91
IOC90
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
Bit 0 ~ Bit 7 (IOC90 ~ IOC97) : PORT9(0~7) I/O direction control register
0 Î put the relative I/O pin as output
1 Î put the relative I/O pin into high impedance
PAGE1 (Unused)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
**These 8 bits must clear to 0 or Port9 input or output function will wronging
IOCA (Unused)
PAGE0(undefined) not allowed to use
PAGE1 Unused
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
X
X
X
AD8S
AD7S
0
0
R/W
R/W
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0(AD7S) : Select normal I/O PORT92 pin or channel 7 input AD7 pin of ADC
0 Î P92 (I/O PORT92) pin is selected
1 Î AD7 (Channel 7 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit 1(AD8S) : Select normal I/O PORT93 pin or channel 8 input AD8 pin of ADC
0 Î P93 (I/O PORT93) pin is selected
1 Î AD8 (Channel 8 input of ADC) pin is selected
Bit3 , Bit6 (Unused) : These 2 bits must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
Bit2 ~ Bit7 are undefined register, they are not allowed to use.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
20
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
IOCB (ADC control)
PAGE0 (Unused)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
** This page must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
The default value in these 8 bits are “1”. Please clear them to “0” when init MCU.
PAGE1 (ADC control bits)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IN2
IN1
IN0
ADCLK1 ADCLK0 ADPWR
0
ADST
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0(ADST) : AD converter start to sample
By setting to “1”, the AD will start to sample data. This bit will be cleared by hardware automatically after a
sampling.
Bit 1 : (undefined) not allowed to use. This bit must clear to 0.
Bit 2(ADPWR) : AD converter power control, 1/0 Î enable/disable.
Bit 3 ~ Bit 4 (ADCLK0 ~ ADCLK1) : AD circuit ‘s sampling clock source.
For Crystal mode:
ADCLK1 ADCLK0
Sampling rate
Operation voltage
0
0
74.6K
>=3.5V
0
1
37.4K
>=3.0V
1
0
18.7K
>=2.5V
1
1
9.3K
>=2.5V
For IRC or ERIC mode, AD converter rate will change by oscillator. The formula for input frequency and AD
converter rate is: AD converter rate = oscillator / 4 / (2^ADCLK)/12
For example, if input CLK = 4M Hz:
ADCLK1 ADCLK0
Sampling rate
Operation voltage
0
0
83.3K
>=3.5V
0
1
41.7K
>=3.0V
1
0
20.8K
>=2.5V
1
1
10.4K
>=2.5V
* Please avoid AD converter rate over 50K Hz, it maybe decrease ADC’s resolution.
This is a CMOS multi-channel 10-bit successive approximation A/D converter.
Features
74.6kHz maximum conversion speed (Crystal mode) at 5V.
Adjusted full scale input
Internal (VDD) reference voltage
8 analog inputs multiplexed into one A/D converter
Power down mode for power saving
A/D conversion complete interrupt
Interrupt register, A/D control and status register, and A/D data register
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
PLL
fpll
Programmable
divider
1/Mx
Divider
Nx
fs
fadc
10-bit
ADC
ADC output
ADCLK1~ADCLK0
ENPLL
CLK2 ~ CLK0
Fig.6 ADC voltage control logic
Bit 5 ~ Bit 7(IN0~ IN2) : Input channel selection of AD converter
These two bits can choose one of three AD input.
IN2
IN1
IN0
Input
Pin
0
0
0
AD1
P90
0
0
1
AD2
P91
0
1
0
AD3
P62
0
1
1
AD4
P63
1
0
0
AD5
P64
1
0
1
AD6
P65
1
1
0
AD7
P92
1
1
1
AD8
P93
*Before switch to the AD channel, please set the corresponding pin as AD input.
IOCC (PORTC I/O control, ADC control)
PAGE0 (PORTC I/O control)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
IOCC2
IOCC1
0
0
0
0
0
0
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
R/W-1
Bit 1 ~ Bit 2 (IOCC1 ~ IOCC2) : PORTC(1~2) I/O direction control register
0 Î put the relative I/O pin as output
1 Î put the relative I/O pin into high impedance
** Bit0 , Bit3 ~ Bit7 must clear to 0 or MCU power consumption will increase.
The default value in these 6 un-define bits are “1”. Please clear them to “0” when init MCU.
PAGE1 (PORT switch)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W/0
Bit 0: Always set this bit to “1” otherwise partial ADC function cannot be used)
Bit 1 ~ Bit 7: (undefined) not allowed to use
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
IOCD (TONE1 control, Clock source, Prescaler of CN1)
PAGE0 (Reserved)
PAGE1 (Clock source and prescaler for COUNTER1)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X
X
X
CNT1S
C1_PSC2 C1_PSC1 C1_PSC0
CNTI/ES
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0 ~ Bit 2 (C1_PSC0 ~ C1_PSC2) : COUNTER1 prescaler ratio
C1_PSC2
C1_PSC1
C1_PSC0
COUNTER1
0
0
0
1:2
0
0
1
1:4
0
1
0
1:8
0
1
1
1:16
1
0
0
1:32
1
0
1
1:64
1
1
0
1:128
1
1
1
1:256
Bit 3(CNT1S) : COUNTER1 clock source. This bit will un-effect on RC mode (RC mode’s CLK is always
equal to oscillator frequency).
0/1 Î 16.384kHz / system clock.
TRL
P94
reload
IRC2
8-bit
Prescaler
Counter
ERC
Overflow
Timer Interrupt
Timer wake up
Fosc
CNTI/ES
Fpll
OSCM1,0
Timer
EN
PSR2..PSR0
CNT1S
Fig 7: Timer CLK source diagram
Bit4 ~ Bit6: Unused register. These three bits are not allowed to use.
Bit7 (CNTI/ES):Counter source select.
CNTI/ES = 0 Æ Timer counter CLK come from system CLK or Crystal output and P94 is defined to
general propose IO.
CHTI/ES = 1 Æ P94 is defined to input and Timer counter’s CLK will come from P94’s falling edge.
IOCE (Interrupt mask,)
PAGE0 (Interrupt mask)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PWM2
0
ADI
PWM1
X
X
X
X
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0 ~ Bit 3 : unused
Bit 4(PWM1) : PWM1 one period reach interrupt mask.
Bit 5 (ADI) : ADC conversion complete interrupt mask
0/1 Î disable/enable interrupt
There are four registers for A/D converter. Use one bit of interrupt control register (IOCE PAGE0 Bit5) for
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
A/D conversion complete interrupt. The status and control register of A/D (IOCB PAGE1 and RE PAGE0
Bit5) responses the A/D conversion status or takes control on A/D. The A/D data register (RB PAGE1)
stores A/D conversion result.
ADI bit in IOCE PAGE0 register is end of A/D conversion complete interrupt enable/disable. It
enables/disables ADI flag in RE register when A/D conversion is complete. ADI flag indicates the end of an
A/D conversion. The A/D converter sets the interrupt flag, ADI in RE PAGE0 register when a conversion is
complete. The interrupt can be disabled by setting ADI bit in IOCE PAGE0 Bit5 to ‘0’.
The A/D converter has eight analog input channels AD1~AD8 multiplexed into one sample and hold to A/D
module. Reference voltage can be driven from internal power. The A/D converter itself is of an 10-bit
successive approximation type and produces lost significant 8-bit result in the RB PAGE1 and most
significant 2 bit to R7 PAGE1 bit4, bit5. A conversion is initiated by setting a control bit ADST in IOCB
PAGE1 Bit0. Prior to conversion, the appropriate channel must be selected by setting IN0~IN2 bits in RE
register and allowed for enough time to sample data. Every conversion data of A/D need 12-clock cycle
time. The minimum conversion time required is 13 us (73K sample rate). ADST Bit in IOCB PAGE1 Bit0
must be set to begin a conversion.
It will be automatically reset in hardware when conversion is complete. At the end of conversion, the
START bit is cleared and the A/D interrupt is activated if ADI in IOCE PAGE0 Bit5 = 1. ADI will be set
when conversion is complete. It can be reset in software.
If ADI = 0 in IOCE PAGE0 Bit5, when A/D start conversion by setting ADST(IOCB PAGE1 Bit0) =
1 then A/D will continue conversion without stop and hardware won’t reset ADST bit. In this condition,
ADI is deactived. After ADI in IOCE PAGE0 bit5 is set, ADI in RE PAGE0 bit5 will activate again.
To minimum operating current , all biasing circuits in the A/D module that consume DC current are power
down when ADPWR bit in IOCB PAGE1 Bit2 register is a ’0’. When ADPWR bit is a ‘1’, A/D converter
module is operating.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
START
SAMPLE
ADI(IOCE PAGE0 bit5 ) =1
Clear by software
ADI(RE PAGE0 bit 5)
DATA
Fig.8 A/D converter timing
Bit 6: Undefined register. Please clear this bit to 0.
Bit 7 (PWM2) : PWM2 interrupt enable bit
0/1 Î disable/enable interrupt
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
24
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
IOCF (Interrupt mask)
(Interrupt mask register)
Bit7
Bit6
Bit5
Bit4
Bit3
Bit2
Bit1
Bit0
INT3
X
X
INT1
INT0
X
CNT1
TCIF
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
R/W-0
Bit 0~1; 3~4 ; Bit 7 : interrupt enable bit
0 Î disable interrupt
1 Î enable interrupt
Bit 2, 5~6 : (remain these values to “0”othwise it will generate unpredicted interrupts)
The status after interrupt and the interrupt sources list as the table below.
Interrupt signal
TCC time out
IOCF bit0=1
And "ENI"
ENI
DISI
COUNTER1 time out
IOCF bit1=1
And "ENI"
PORT70
Only at IRC mode or
crystal mode
(at P70S = 0)
PORT71
Only at P71S = 0
PORT73
IOCF bit3 bit7 =1
And "ENI"
ADI
IOCE bit5 = 1
And “ENI
PWM1
IOCE bit4 = 1
And “ENI
SLEEP mode
RESET and Jump to
address 0
GREEN mode
Interrupt (jump to address 8
at page0)
NORMAL mode
Interrupt (jump to address 8
at page0)
No function
No function
No function
No function
Interrupt (jump to address 8
at page0)
Interrupt (jump to address 8
at page0)
RESET and Jump to
address 0
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at page0)
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at
page0)
RESET and Jump to
address 0
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at page0)
RESET and Jump to
address 0
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at page0)
No function
No function
No function
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at page0)
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at
page0)
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at
page0)
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at
page0)
Interrupt
(jump to address 8 at
page0)
PORT70 's interrupt function is controlled by IOCF bit 3. It's falling edge or rising edge trigger (controlled
by CONT register bit7).
PORT71 's interrupt function is controlled by IOCF bit 4. It’s falling edge trigger.
PORT73 's interrupt function is controlled by IOCF bit 7. They are falling edge trigger.
ADI interrupt source function is controlled by RE PAGE0 bit 5. It is rising edge trigger after ADC
sample complete.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
25
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
VII.4 I/O Port
The I/O registers are bi-directional tri-state I/O ports. The I/O ports can be defined as "input" or "output" pins by
the I/O control registers under program control. The I/O data registers and I/O control registers are both readable
and writable. The I/O interface circuit is shown in Fig.9.
PCRD
PORT
Q
P
R
Q
C
L
Q
P
R
Q
C
L
D
CLK
PCWR
IOD
D
CLK
PDWR
PDRD
0
1
M
U
X
Fig.9_1 The circuit of I/O port and I/O control register
VDD
VDD
VDD
pull
high
PIN
120
ohm
Fig.9_2 The input/output circuit of EM785840 input/output ports
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
26
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
VII.5 RESET
The RESET can be caused by
(1) Power on reset
(2) WDT timeout. (if enabled and in GREEN or NORMAL mode)
(3) /RESET pin pull low (At P71S = 1).
Once the RESET occurs, the following functions are performed.
• The oscillator is running, or will be started.
• The Program Counter (R2) is set to all "0".
• When power on, the upper 3 bits of R3 and the upper 2 bits of R4 are cleared.
• The Watchdog timer and prescaler counter are cleared.
• The Watchdog timer is disabled.
VII.6 Wake-up
The controller provided sleep mode for power saving :
SLEEP mode, RA(7) = 0 + "SLEP" instruction
The controller will turn off all the CPU and crystal. Other circuit with power control like key tone control or
PLL control (which has enable register), user has to turn it off by software.
Wake-up from SLEEP mode
(1) WDT time out
(2) External interrupt
(3) /RESET pull low
All these cases will reset controller , and run the program at address zero. The status just like the power on reset.
VII.7 Interrupt
RF is the interrupt status register which records the interrupt request in flag bit. IOCF is the interrupt mask
register. Global interrupt is enabled by ENI instruction and is disabled by DISI instruction. When one of the
interrupts (when enabled) generated, will cause the next instruction to be fetched from address 008H. Once in the
interrupt service routine, the source of the interrupt can be determined by polling the flag bits in the RF register.
The interrupt flag bit must be cleared in software before leaving the interrupt service routine and enabling
interrupts to avoid recursive interrupts.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
27
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
VII.8 Instruction Set
Instruction set has the following features:
(1) Every bit of any register can be set, cleared, or tested directly.
(2) The I/O register can be regarded as general register. That is, the same instruction can operates on I/O
register.
The symbol "R" represents a register designator which specifies which one of the 64 registers (including
operational registers and general purpose registers) is to be utilized by the instruction. Bits 6 and 7 in R4
determine the selected register bank. "b'' represents a bit field designator which selects the number of the bit,
located in the register "R'', affected by the operation. "k'' represents an 8 or 10-bit constant or literal value.
INSTRUCTION BINARY
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
rrrr
0000
0001
0010
0011
HEX
0000
0001
0002
0003
0004
000r
0010
0011
0012
0013
MNEMONIC
NOP
DAA
CONTW
SLEP
WDTC
IOW R
ENI
DISI
RET
RETI
0 0000 0001 0100
0 0000 0001 rrrr
0 0000 0010 0000
0014
001r
0020
CONTR
IOR R
TBL
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
00rr
0080
00rr
01rr
01rr
01rr
01rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
02rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
03rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
04rr
MOV R,A
CLRA
CLR R
SUB A,R
SUB R,A
DECA R
DEC R
OR A,R
OR R,A
AND A,R
AND R,A
XOR A,R
XOR R,A
ADD A,R
ADD R,A
MOV A,R
MOV R,R
COMA R
COM R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0001
0001
0001
0010
0010
0010
0010
0011
0011
0011
0011
0100
0100
0100
0100
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0001
0001
0001
0001
01rr rrrr
1000 0000
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
00rr rrrr
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
OPERATION
No Operation
Decimal Adjust A
A → CONT
0 → WDT, Stop oscillator
0 → WDT
A → IOCR
Enable Interrupt
Disable Interrupt
[Top of Stack] → PC
[Top of Stack] → PC
Enable Interrupt
CONT → A
IOCR → A
R2+A → R2 bits 9,10 do not
clear
A→R
0→A
0→R
R-A → A
R-A → R
R-1 → A
R-1 → R
A∨R→A
A∨R→R
A&R→A
A&R→R
A⊕R→A
A⊕R→R
A+R→A
A+R→R
R→A
R→R
/R → A
/R → R
STATUS
AFFECTED
None
C
None
T,P
T,P
None
None
None
None
None
Instruction
cycle
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
None
None
Z,C,DC
1
1
2
None
Z
Z
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z
Z,C,DC
Z,C,DC
Z
Z
Z
Z
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
28
2004/11/10 V2.6
EM78P5840/5841/5842
8-bit Micro-controller
0
0
0
0
0
0101
0101
0101
0101
0110
00rr
01rr
10rr
11rr
00rr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
rrrr
05rr
05rr
05rr
05rr
06rr
INCA R
INC R
DJZA R
DJZ R
RRCA R
0 0110 01rr
rrrr
06rr
RRC R
0 0110 10rr
rrrr
06rr
RLCA R
0 0110 11rr
rrrr
06rr
RLC R
0 0111 00rr
rrrr
07rr
SWAPA R
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0111
0111
0111
100b
101b
110b
111b
00kk
01rr rrrr
10rr rrrr
11rr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
bbrr rrrr
kkkk kkkk
07rr
07rr
07rr
0xxx
0xxx
0xxx
0xxx
1kkk
SWAP R
JZA R
JZ R
BC R,b
BS R,b
JBC R,b
JBS R,b
CALL k
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
01kk
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
0000
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
kkkk
0001
1kkk
18kk
19kk
1Akk
1Bkk
1Ckk
1Dkk
1E01
JMP k
MOV A,k
OR A,k
AND A,k
XOR A,k
RETL k
SUB A,k
INT
1 1110 100k kkkk
1 1111 kkkk kkkk
1E8k
1Fkk
PAGE k
ADD A,k
R+1 → A
R+1 → R
R-1 → A, skip if zero
R-1 → R, skip if zero
R(n) → A(n-1)
R(0) → C, C → A(7)
R(n) → R(n-1)
R(0) → C, C → R(7)
R(n) → A(n+1)
R(7) → C, C → A(0)
R(n) → R(n+1)
R(7) → C, C → R(0)
R(0-3) → A(4-7)
R(4-7) → A(0-3)
R(0-3) ↔ R(4-7)
R+1 → A, skip if zero
R+1 → R, skip if zero
0 → R(b)
1 → R(b)
if R(b)=0, skip
if R(b)=1, skip
PC+1 → [SP]
(Page, k) → PC
(Page, k) → PC
k→A
A∨k→A
A&k→A
A⊕k→A
k → A, [Top of Stack] → PC
k-A → A
PC+1 → [SP]
001H → PC
K->R5(4:0)
k+A → A
Z
Z
None
None
C
1
1
2 if skip
2 if skip
1
C
1
C
1
C
1
None
1
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
None
1
2 if skip
2 if skip
1
1
2 if skip
2 if skip
2
None
None
Z
Z
Z
None
Z,C,DC
None
2
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
None
Z,C,DC
1
1
** 1 Instruction cycle = 2 main CLK
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
29
2004/11/10 V2.6
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8-bit Micro-controller
VII.9_1 Code Option
EM78P5840 CODE Option Register
12 11 10 9
8
7
6
5
4
IR3 IR2 IR1 IR0 P71S P70S OSCM1 OSCM0 IRC2S
3
MER
2
1
1
1
0
/POT0
Bit 0 (/POT0): program ROM protect option.
If set 1 to the bit, program memory can be access; else if clear this bit , program memory can not be
access.
Bit 3(MER) : Memory error recover function
0 Î disable memory error recover function
1 Î enable memory error recovery function
If user enable memory error recovery function, MCU will improve effect from environment noise.
Bit 4 (IRC2S): Internal RC oscillating frequency (for system CLK) select.
0 Î 2M Hz
1 Î 4M Hz
Bit5~Bit6 (OSCM0~OSCM1): EM78P5840 oscillating mode select.
OSCM1
0
0
1
OSCM0
0
1
X
Bit 7 (P70S): PORT70 function select bit:
OSCM1
OSCM0
P70S
0
0
X
0
1
X
1
X
1
1
X
0
Oscillating mode
IRC mode
ERIC mode
Crystal mode
PORT70 status
General Purpose IO
OSC input, please cascade resister to AVDD
PLLC output, please cascade capacitor to AVSS
General Purpose IO, PLL function will disable
Bit 8 (P71S): PORT71 function select bit:
0 Î /RESET pin selected..
1 Î General purpose INPUT port “PORT71” selected
Bit 9~ Bit12 (IR0~IR3): By setting IR0~IR3, IRC mode’s oscillating frequency can be adjust. Next table
show the trimming code table of IRC frequency.
IR3~IR0
Frequency
0000
1.05*F
0001
1.10*F
0010
1.15*F
0011
1.20*F
0100
1.25*F
0101
1.30*F
0110
1.35*F
0111
1.40*F
1000
0.65*F
1001
0.70*F
1010
0.75*F
1011
0.80*F
1100
0.85*F
1101
0.90*F
1110
0.95*F
1111
1.0*F
* ”F” means the frequency of IRC output.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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2004/11/10 V2.6
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8-bit Micro-controller
VII.10 PWM (Pulse Width Modulation)
(1) Overview
In PWM mode, both PWM1 and PWM2 pins produce up to a 10-bit resolution PWM output (see. Fig.10
for the functional block diagram). A PWM output has a period and a duty cycle, and it keeps the output in
high. The baud rate of the PWM is the inverse of the period. Fig.11 depicts the relationships between a
period and a duty cycle.
DL2H + DL2L
latch
To PWM1IF
DT2H
+
DT2L
Fosc
1:2
1:8
1:32
1:64
Duty Cycle
Match
Comparator
PWM1
MUX
R
Q
TMR1H + TMR1L
reset
S
IOC6
Comparator
T1P0 T1P1 T1EN
Period
Match
PRD1
Data Bus
Data Bus
DL2H + DL2L
DT2H
+
DT2L
T2P0 T2P1 T2EN
Comparator
latch
To PWM2IF
Duty Cycle
Match
PWM2
Fosc
1:2
1:8
1:32
1:64
R
TMR2H + TMR2L
reset
MUX
Q
S
IOC6
Comparator
Period
Match
PRD2
Fig.10 The Functional Block Diagram of the Dual PWMs
Period
Duty Cycle
PRD1 = TMR1
DT1 = TMR1
Fig.11 The Output Timing of the PWM
(2) Increment Timer Counter (TMRX: TMR1H/TWR1L or TMR2H/TWR2L)
TMRX are ten-bit clock counters with programmable prescalers. They are designed for the PWM module
as baud rate clock generators. TMRX can be read, written, and cleared at any reset conditions. If
employed, they can be turned down for power saving by setting T1EN bit to 0.
(3) PWM Period (PRDX : PRD1 or PRD2)
The PWM period is defined by writing to the PRDX register. When TMRX is equal to PRDX, the
following events occur on the next increment cycle:
• TMRX is cleared.
• The PWMX pin is set to 1.
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• The PWM duty cycle is latched from DT1/DT2 to DTL1/DTL2.
< Note > The PWM output will not be set, if the duty cycle is 0;
• The PWMXIF pin is set to 1.
The following formula describes how to calculate the PWM period:
PERIOD = (PRDX + 1) * 4 * (1/Fosc) * (TMRX prescale value )
Where Fosc is system clock
(4) PWM Duty Cycle ( DTX: DT1H/ DT1L; DTL: DL1H/DL1L)
The PWM duty cycle is defined by writing to the DTX register, and is latched from DTX to DLX while
TMRX is cleared. When DLX is equal to TMRX, the PWMX pin is cleared. DTX can be loaded at any
time. However, it cannot be latched into DTL until the current value of DLX is equal to TMRX.
The following formula describes how to calculate the PWM duty cycle:
Duty Cycle = (DTX) * (1/Fosc) * (TMRX prescale value)
(5) PWM Programming Procedures/Steps
Load PRDX with the PWM period.
(1) Load DTX with the PWM Duty Cycle.
(2) Enable interrupt function by writing IOCF PAFE0, if required.
(3) Set PWMX pin to be output by writing a desired value to IOCC PAGE0.
Load a desired value to R5 PAGE3 with TMRX prescaler value and enable both PWMX and TMRX.
(6) Timer
Timer1 (TMR1) and Timer2 (TMR2) (TMRX) are 10-bit clock counters with programmable prescalers,
respectively. This is designed for the PWM module as baud rate clock generators. TMRX can be read,
written, and cleared at any reset conditions.
The figure in the next page shows TMRX block diagram. Each signal and block are described as follows:
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Fosc
1:2
1:8
1:32
1:64
To PWM1IF
MUX
TMR1X
reset
Period
Match
Comparator
T1P0
T1P1 T1EN
PRD1
Data Bus
Data Bus
PRD2
T2P0 T2P1 T2EN
Fosc
1:2
1:8
1:32
1:64
Comparator
TMR2X
Period
Match
reset
MUX
To PWM2IF
*TMR1X = TMR1H + TMR1L;
*TMR2X = TMR2H +TMR2L
Fig.12 TMRX Block Diagram
• Fosc: Input clock.
• Prescaler (T1P0 and T1P1): Options of 1:2, 1:8, 1:32, and 1:64 are defined by TMRX. It is cleared when
any type of reset occurs.
• TMR1X (TMR1H/TWR1L):Timer X register; TMRX is increased until it matches with PRDX, and then is
reset to 0. TMRX cannot be read.
• PRDX (PRD1): PWM period register.
When defining TMRX, refer to the related registers of its operation as shown in prescale register. It must be
noted that the PWMX bits must be disabled if their related TMRXs are employed. That is, bit 6 of the
PWMCON register must be set to ‘0’.
Related Control Registers(R5 PAGE3) of TMR1 and TMR2
Bit 7
Bit 6
Bit 5
Bit 4
Bit 3
Bit 2
Bit 1
PWM2E PWM1E T2EN T1EN T2P1 T2P0
T1P1
Bit 0
T1P0
Timer programming procedures/steps
Load PRDX with the TIMER period.
Enable interrupt function by writing IOCF PAGE0, if required
Load a desired value to PWMCON with the TMRX prescaler value and enable both TMRX and disable
PWMX.
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VII.11 Oscillator
The EM78P5840 can be operated in two different oscillator modes, each of them are crystal mode and RC mode.
Users can select one of them by setting code option. The descript of these two oscillator mode are as below:
(1) Crystal mode:
For crystal mode operation, one crystal and tow capacitances is needed for external circuit. In this mode,
eFTP5840 can be run in three active mode include normal mode, green mode and sleep mode. The advantages of this
mode are low power consumption (in green mode) and with more precise main CLK. Next figure show the
application circuit of crystal mode. Pin XIN and pin XOUT can be connected with a crystal directly to generate
oscillation. By clear code option”P70S” to 0, PORT70 can switch to general IO (disable PLL function and
EM78P5840 can not active on normal mode); /RESET pin can switch to PORT71 if clear “P71S” to 0.
XIN
eFHP5840
XOUT
Fig 13: Application circuit of Crystal mode
(CPU stop)
Sleep
Mode
IRC1 : ON
32K : un-active
PLL : turn off
Reset
RA page0 bit7 = 0
& run"SLEP"
Reset
RESET
operation
Green
Mode
PLLEN bit = 1
IRC1 : ON
32K : oscillating
PLL : turn on
IRC1 : ON
32K : oscillating
PLL : turn off
Reset release
Normal
Mode
PLLEN bit = 0
Reset
Fig 14: The relative of Crystal mode’s normal, green and sleep mode
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(2) IRC mode:
For some applications that do not require precise timing calculation, the RC oscillator could offer users with an
effective cost savings. eFTP5840 offer a versatile internal RC mode with default frequency value of 4M and
2MHz. In this mode, PLLC, XIN, XOUT and /RESET pins can defined to general purpose IO. The IRC
frequency will drift with the variation of voltage, temperature and process:
The frequency deviation of IRC mode:
Freq range (before adjust IR0~IR3)
Internal RC
Freq range (after adjust IR0~IR3)
(IR0~IR3 = 1111)
4M Hz
2.8M ~ 5.2M
3.6M ~ 4.4M
2M Hz
1.4M ~ 2.6M
1.8 M ~ 2.2M
*The frequency of IRC output can be adjust by setting IR0~IR3 in code option. By setting IR0~IR3, the
frequency deviation can be compensation. Please refer to code option to detail.
In IRC mode, PORT60, PORT61 and PORT70 are defined to bi-direction IO. By clearing P71S in code option
to 0, /RESET pin can also switch to INPUT pin (PORT71). In IRC mode, only two active modes can be
achieved, please refer to next figure to detail.
(3) ERIC mode:
ERIC mode is equipped with an internal capacitor and an external resistor (connected to VDD). The internal capacitor
functions as temperature compensator. In order to obtain more accurate frequency, a precise resistor is recommended.
Nevertheless, it should be noted that the frequency of the RC oscillator is influenced by the supply voltage, the
values of the even by the operation temperature. Moreover, the frequency also changes slightly from one chip to
another due to the manufacturing process variation. Besides, the package types, and the way the PCB is layout, have
certain effect on the system frequency. About the application is as below:
The frequency deviation of ERIC mode:
Internal C, external R
Freq range
4M Hz (R=51K)
3.5M ~ 4.4M
2M Hz(R=100K)
1.8M ~ 2.2M
VDD
R
ERIC
EM78P5840
Fig 15: Application circuit of ERIC mode
ERIC’s oscillating frequency will base on IRC2’s CLK (determined on code option “IRC2S”). For example, if
IRC2S = 0, IRC2’s oscillating frequency is 2M Hz. At this time, by adjusting R, system CLK will be changed. But
the system CLK will always greater than 2M. That is to say, system CLK can only be adjusted between 2M to 6M.
Next two table show the corresponding between system oscillating CLK and the value of external resister.
The corresponding between system oscillating CLK and the value of external resister
Frequency (Hz)
External resister (ohm)
Operating Voltage (VDD)
6M
34K
3.0 ~5.5 V
5M
41K
2.8 ~5.5 V
4M
51K
2.5 ~5.5 V
3.58M
57K
2.2 ~5.5 V
2.1M
97K
2.2 ~5.5 V
*Only 2 types active mode (normal mode and sleep mode) are permitting in RC mode.
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(CPU stop)
Sleep
Mode
Reset
ERC or IRC2 : ON
IRC1 : ON
PLL : turn off
RESET
operation
run"SLEP"
Reset
Normal
Mode
ERC or IRC2 : ON
IRC1 : ON
PLL : turn off
Fig 15: The relative of IRC and ERIC mode’s normal and sleep mode
VII.12 Power on Considerations
Any micro-controller is not guaranteed to start to operate properly before the power supply stabilizes at
its steady states. EM78P5840 power on reset voltage range is 1.6V ~ 2.0V. Under customer application, VDD
must drop to below 1.6V and remains OFF for 10uS before power can be switched on again. This way,
EM78P5840 will reset and work normally. The extra external reset circuit will work well if VDD can rise at very
fast speed (50mS or less). However, under most cases where critical applications are involved, extra devices are
required to assist in solving the power-up problems.
VII.13 External Power on Reset circuit
By Setting code option “P71S” to 1, /RESET pin is selected. Next figure is an external RC to produce the reset
pulse. The pulse width should be kept long enough for VDD to reach minimum operation voltage. The diode D
acts as a short circuit at the moment of power down. The capacitor C will discharged rapidly and fully.
VDD
D
R
/RESET
C
Fig 15: External power on reset circuit 1
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POR reset voltage is influenced in process or temperature. For some application, a constant reset voltage is
important. Next circuit will support a adjust reset voltage. By adjusting R41 and R46, POR reset voltage will be a
constant (Vpor) and the potential on /RESET pin will drop to 0 when VDD drop to below Vpor. Next plot show
the relative between VDD and Vpor. When R41 = 3.9M ohm and R46 = 910K ohm, /RESET will keep to 0 if
VDD is below 2.24V and will active after VDD upper to 2.1V.
VDD
R41
3M9
R42
2M2
R43
330K
R44
RESET
Q2
22M
C31
Q3
C1815
104
S10
R46
910K
C1815
RESET
Fig 16: External power on reset circuit 2
VDD
2.24V
2.1V
VDD
/RESET
T
Fig 17: The relative between VDD and Vpor
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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VIII. Absolute Operation Maximum Ratings
RATING
DC SUPPLY VOLTAGE
INPUT VOLTAGE
OPERATING TEMPERATURE RANGE
SYMBOL
VALUE
UNIT
VDD
Vin
Ta
-0.3 To 6
-0.5 to VDD +0.5
0 to 70
V
V
℃
IX. DC Electrical Characteristic
(Ta = 25°C, AVDD=VDD=5V±5%, VSS=0V)
Parameter
Symbol Condition
Min
Input leakage current for input
IIL1
VIN = VDD, VSS
pins
Input leakage current for biIIL2
VIN = VDD, VSS
directional pins
Input high voltage (except P71)
VIH
2.5
Input low voltage (except P71)
VIL
P71 Input high voltage
VIH
2.0
P71 Input low voltage
VIL
Input high threshold voltage
VIHT /RESET, TCC
2.0
Input low threshold voltage
VILT /RESET, TCC
Clock input high voltage
VIHX OSCI
3.5
Clock input low voltage
VILX OSCI
Output high voltage for
VOH1 IOH = -6mA
2.4
PORTC1~PORTC2
Output high voltage for
VOH2 IOH = -10mA
2.4
PORT60~PORT67; PORT7
Output high voltage for
VOH3 IOH = -15mA
2.4
PORT9
Output low voltage for
VOL1 IOH = 6mA
PORTC1~PORTC2
Output low voltage for
VOL2 IOH = 10mA
PORT60~PORT67; PORT7
Output low voltage for
VOL3 IOH = 15mA
PORT9
Pull-high current
IPH
Pull-high active input pin at
VSS
Power down current
ISB1
All input and I/O pin at VDD,
(SLEEP mode)
output pin floating, WDT
disabled
Low clock current
ISB2
CLK=32.768KHz, All analog
(GREEN mode)
circuits disabled, All input
and I/O pin at VDD, output
pin floating, WDT disabled
Operating supply current
ICC1
/RESET=High,
(Normal mode)
CLK=3.582MHz, All analog
circuits disabled, output pin
floating
Typ
Max
±1
Unit
µA
±1
µA
0.8
0.8
0.8
1.5
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
0.4
V
0.4
V
0.4
V
-10
-15
µA
1
4
µA
25
35
µA
1.5
2.5
mA
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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XI. AC Electrical Characteristic
CPU instruction timing (Ta = 25°C, AVDD=VDD=5V, VSS=0V)
Parameter
Symbol
Input CLK duty cycle
Instruction cycle time
Dclk
Tins
Device delay hold time
TCC input period
Watchdog timer period
Tdrh
Ttcc
Twdt
Condition
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
45
50
60
550
16
55
16
16+30%
%
us
ns
ms
ns
ms
Max
52.8
38.4
Unit
mV
mV
32.768kHz
3.582MHz
Note 1
Ta = 25°C
(Tins+20)/N
16-30%
Note 1: N= selected prescaler ratio.
ADC characteristic (VDD = 5V, Ta = +25°C, for internal reference voltage)
Parameter
Symbol
Condition
Upper bound offset voltage
Vofh
Lower bound offset voltage
Vofl
*These parameters are characterized but not tested.
* About ADC characteristic, please refer to next page.
Min
Typ
44
32
Timing characteristic (AVDD=VDD=5V,Ta=+25°C)
Description
Oscillator timing characteristic
Crystal start up
32.768kHz
3.579MHz PLL
Timing characteristic of reset
The minimum width of reset low pulse
The delay between reset and program start
Symbol
Min
Tosc
400
Trst
Tdrs
Typ
Max
Unit
5
1500
10
ms
us
3
18
uS
mS
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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VDD
OSC
Toscs
Power
on reset
Trst
/RESET
Tdrs
Tdrs
Program
Active
The relative between OSC stable time and power on reset
EM78P5840 operation voltage(X axis Æ min VDD ; Y axis Æ main CLK):
MHz
14.3
3.58
2.2
3.6
5.5
V
Fig.18 The relative between operating voltage and main CLK
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM785840’s 10 bit ADC characteristic
EM785840 build in 10 bit resolution, multi channel ADC function. In ideal, if ADC’s reference voltage is 5V, the
ADC’s LSB will be 5V/1024. But in practical, for some physics or circuit’s character, some un-ideal will effect the converter
result. As the next figure, offset voltage will reduce AD’s converter range. If AD’s input voltage less than VOFL, ADC will
output 0; in opposition, if input voltage is larger than (VDD-VOFH), ADC will output 1023. That is to say the physics AD
converter range will replace by (VDD-VOFH+LSB-VOFL+LSB). If we defined that VRB = VOFL – LSB and VRT = VDDVOFH+LSB, the physics LSB is:
LSB = (VRT - VRB) / 1024
= (VDD – (VOFH+VOFL) ) / 1022
For real operating, please think about the effect of AD’s offset voltage. If converter the range of (VRT - VRB), the AD
converter’s opposite result will be précised.
10-bit ADC
VDD
VRT
VOFH
Min. input for ADC output = 1023
(For 10-bit ADC, internally it takes this range to
average 1024 steps)
Min. input for ADC output = 1
VOFL
VRB
0V
Fig.19 The relative between ADC and offset voltage
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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XII. Timing Diagrams
ins
Fig.20 AC timing
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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XIII. EM78P5840 OTP ROM burning pins
One time programmable ROM burner pin
OTP PIN NAME
MASK ROM PIN NAME
VDD
AVDD
VPP
/RESET
DINCK
P65
ACLK
P64
PGMB
P63
OEB
P62
DATA
P73
GND
AVSS
P.S.
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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Appendix: Package spec of EM78P5840/5841/5842
EM78P5840M
EM78P5840P
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM78P5841M
EM78P5841P
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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EM78P5842M
EM78P5842P
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* This specification is subject to change without notice.
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