19-1078; Rev 4; 9/10 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog The MAX6301–MAX6304* low-power microprocessor (µP) supervisory circuits provide maximum adjustability for reset and watchdog functions. The reset threshold can be adjusted to any voltage above 1.22V, using external resistors. In addition, the reset and watchdog timeout periods are adjustable using external capacitors. A watchdog select pin extends the watchdog timeout period to 500x. The reset function features immunity to power-supply transients. These four devices differ only in the structure of their reset outputs (see the Selector Guide). The MAX6301–MAX6304 are available in the space-saving 8-pin µMAX® package, as well as 8-pin PDIP and SO packages. Applications Medical Equipment Intelligent Instruments Portable Equipment Battery-Powered Computers/Controllers Embedded Controllers Critical µP Monitoring Set-Top Boxes Computers Selector Guide FEATURE MAX6301 MAX6302 MAX6303 MAX6304 Active-Low Reset √ — √ — Active-High Reset — √ — √ Open-Drain Reset Output √ √ — — Push-Pull Reset Output — — √ √ Pin-Package ____________________________Features o o o o o o o o Adjustable Reset Threshold Adjustable Reset Timeout Adjustable Watchdog Timeout 500x Watchdog Timeout Multiplier 4µA Supply Current RESET or RESET Output Options Push-Pull or Open-Drain Output Options Guaranteed RESET Asserted At or Above VCC = 1V (MAX6301/MAX6303) o Power-Supply Transient Immunity o Watchdog Function can be Disabled o PDIP/SO/µMAX Packages Available Ordering Information PART MAX6301CPA TEMP RANGE 0°C to +70°C MAX6301CSA 0°C to +70°C MAX6301CUA 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX MAX6301EPA -40°C to +85°C 8 PDIP Pin Configuration MAX6301ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO Devices are available in both leaded and lead(Pb)-free/RoHScompliant packaging. Specify lead-free by adding the “+” symbol at the end of the part number when ordering. Typical Operating Circuit VIN MAX6301 ONLY R1 1 TOP VIEW GND 2 MAX6301 MAX6302 MAX6303 MAX6304 SRT 3 SWT 4 8 SO Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. 8-PDIP/SO/ 8-PDIP/SO/ 8-PDIP/SO/ 8-PDIP/SO/ µMAX µMAX µMAX µMAX RESET IN 1 PIN-PACKAGE 8 PDIP 8 VCC 7 RESET (RESET) 6 WDI 5 WDS RESET IN VCC 8 RL 0.1µF R2 2 GND RESET 7 (RESET) MAX6301 MAX6302 3 WDI 6 SRT MAX6303 4 5 SWT MAX6304 WDS RESET µP RL MAX6302 ONLY I/O DIP/SO/µMAX ( ) ARE FOR MAX6302/MAX6304. µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. CSRT CSWT ( ) ARE FOR MAX6302/MAX6304. WDS = 0 FOR NORMAL MODE WDS = 1 FOR EXTENDED MODE ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX6301–MAX6304 _______________General Description MAX6301–MAX6304 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VCC ....................................................................................-0.3V to +7.0V RESET IN, SWT, SRT ..................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) WDI, WDS..............................................................-0.3V to +7.0V RESET, RESET MAX6301… .......................................................-0.3V to +7.0V MAX6302/MAX6303/MAX6304...............-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Input Current VCC ...............................................................................±20mA GND..............................................................................±20mA Output Current RESET, RESET..............................................................±20mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) PDIP (derate 9.09mW/°C above +70°C) ......................727mW SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C) .........................471mW µMAX (derate 4.10mW/°C above +70°C) ....................330mW Operating Temperature Range MAX630_C_A ......................................................0°C to +70°C MAX630_E_A ...................................................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +160°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Soldering Temperature (reflow) Lead(Pb)-free...............................................................+260°C Containing Lead (Pb)...................................................+240°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +2V to +5.5V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER Operating Voltage Range (Note 1) Supply Current (Note 2) SYMBOL VCC ICC CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX MAX6301C/MAX6303C 1.00 MAX6301E/MAX6303E 1.20 5.50 MAX6302/MAX6304 1.31 5.50 No load UNITS 5.50 4.0 7.0 1.220 1.245 1.240 1.265 V µA RESET TIMER Reset Input Threshold Voltage Reset Input Hysteresis Reset Input Leakage Current VTH VRESET IN falling, VCC = 5.0V VRESET IN rising, VCC = 5.0V VHYST 20 IRESET IN ±0.01 VCC ≥ 4.5V, ISOURCE = 0.8mA Reset Output-Voltage High (MAX6302/MAX6303/MAX6304) Reset Output-Voltage Low (MAX6301/MAX6303/MAX6304 VCC to Reset Delay VOH MAX6302/MAX6304, VCC = 1.31V, RL = 10kΩ VCC - 0.4 V VCC = 2V, ISINK = 1.6mA 0.4 MAX6301/ MAX6303 VCC = 1V, ISINK = 50µA, TA = 0°C to +70°C 0.3 VCC = 1.2V, ISINK = 100µA, TA = -40°C to +85°C 0.3 Reset Input Pulse Width tRI Comparator overdrive = 50mV Reset Timeout Period (Note 3) tRP CSRT = 1500pF nA VCC 0.3 0.4 VCC = falling at 1mV/µs 2 mV ±1 VCC ≥ 4.5V, ISINK = 3.2mA VOL V VCC - 0.4 VCC = 2V, ISOURCE = 0.4mA tRD Reset Output Leakage Current 1.195 63 µs 26 2.8 4.0 µs 5.2 MAX6301, VRESET = VCC ±1 MAX6302, VRESET = VGND ±1 _______________________________________________________________________________________ V ms µA +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog (VCC = +2V to +5.5V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25°C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS WATCHDOG TIMER VIH WDI, WDS Input Threshold 0.7 x VCC WDI Pulse Width tWP VCC = 4.5V to 5.5V 30 VCC = 2V to 4.5V 60 WDI, WDS Leakage Current Extended mode disabled WDI Sink/Source Current (Note 4) Extended mode enabled Watchdog Timeout Period (Note 3) V 0.3 x VCC VIL tWD ns ±1 µA ±70 µA WDS = GND, CSWT = 1500pF 2.8 4.0 5.2 ms WDS = VCC, CSWT = 1500pF 1.4 2.0 2.6 s Note 1: Reset is guaranteed valid from the selected reset threshold voltage down to the minimum VCC. Note 2: WDS = VCC, WDI unconnected. Note 3: Precision timing currents of 500nA are present at both the SRT and SWT pins. Timing capacitors connected to these nodes must have low leakage consistent with these currents to prevent timing errors. Note 4: The sink/source is supplied through a resistor, and is proportional to VCC (Figure 8). At VCC = 2V, it is typically ±24µA. __________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (CSWT = CSRT = 1500pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) EXTENDED-MODE WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIOD vs. CSWT (WDS = VCC) 100 10 1 0 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 CSRT (nF) 10 100 1000 1000 100 10 1 0 10,000 MAX6301-4 toc03 VCC = 5V WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIOD (ms) 1000 10,000 NORMAL-MODE WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIOD vs. CSWT (WDS = GND) MAX6301-4 toc02 VCC = 5V WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIOD (s) RESET TIMEOUT PERIOD (ms) 10,000 MAX6301-4 toc01 RESET TIMEOUT PERIOD vs. CSRT VCC = 5V 1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 CSWT (nF) 10 100 1000 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 100 1000 CSWT (nF) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX6301–MAX6304 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) ____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (CSWT = CSRT = 1500pF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) RESET AND NORMAL-MODE WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIOD vs. TEMPERATURE 3.6 4.05 3.4 3.2 4.00 3.95 3.0 3.90 2.8 3.85 2.6 3.80 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 TRANSIENT DURATION (µs) 4.10 tRP/tWD (ms) 3.8 1.5 VCC = 5.0V 4.15 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 0 100 200 400 600 3.75 3.50 VCC = 2.0V MAX6301-4 toc08 MAX6301-4 toc07 VCC = 5.0V 1.224 1.222 1.220 1.218 1.216 2.75 2.50 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 -20 0 20 40 60 80 TEMPERATURE (°C) VCC TO RESET DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE (VCC FALLING) RESET AND WATCHDOG TIMEOUT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 4.16 MAX6301-4 toc09 VCC FALLING AT 1mV/µs 72 68 4.12 tRP/tWP (ms) PROPAGATION DELAY (µs) -40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 76 64 100 4.08 4.04 60 4.00 56 52 -60 3.96 -40 -20 0 20 40 TEMPERATURE (°C) 4 1.214 -60 100 MAX6301-4 toc10 -60 60 80 100 800 RESET THRESHOLD OVERDRIVE (mV) 1.226 RESET REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) VRST = 4.60V RESET IN THRESHOLD VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE 4.50 3.00 50 40 30 TEMPERATURE (°C) RESET DEASSERTED NO LOAD 3.25 RESET OCCURS ABOVE THE CURVE 80 70 60 0 -60 5.00 4.25 90 10 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 4.00 SEE THE NEGATIVE-GOING VCC TRANSIENTS SECTION 20 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 4.75 120 110 100 MAX6301-4 toc05 RESET DEASSERTED NO LOAD 4.0 4.20 MAX6301-4 toc04 4.2 MAXIMUM TRANSIENT DURATION vs. RESET THRESHOLD OVERDRIVE (VRST) MAX6301-4 toc06 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT (µA) MAX6301–MAX6304 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog 2 3 4 5 VCC (V) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 6 1000 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog PIN NAME 1 RESET IN 2 GND Ground 3 SRT Set Reset-Timeout Input. Connect a capacitor between this input and ground to select the reset timeout period (tRP). Determine the period as follows: tRP = 2.67 x CSRT, with CSRT in pF and tRP in µs (see the Typical Operating Circuit). 4 SWT Set Watchdog-Timeout Input. Connect a capacitor between this input and ground to select the basic watchdog timeout period (tWD). Determine the period as follows: tWD = 2.67 x CSWT, with CSWT in pF and tWD in µs. The watchdog function can be disabled by connecting this pin to ground. 5 WDS Watchdog-Select Input. This input selects the watchdog mode. Connect to ground to select normal mode and the basic watchdog timeout period. Connect to VCC to select extended mode, multiplying the basic timeout period by a factor of 500. A change in the state of this pin resets the watchdog timer to zero. WDI Watchdog Input. A rising or falling transition must occur on this input within the selected watchdog timeout period, or a reset pulse will occur. The capacitor value selected for SWT and the state of WDS determine the watchdog timeout period. The watchdog timer clears and restarts when a transition occurs on WDI or WDS. The watchdog timer is cleared when reset is asserted and restarted after reset deasserts. In the extended watchdog mode (WDS = VCC), the watchdog function can be disabled by driving WDI with a three-stated driver or by leaving WDI unconnected. 6 RESET (MAX6301/ MAX6303) 7 RESET (MAX6302/ MAX6304 8 VCC FUNCTION Reset Input. High-impedance input to the reset comparator. Connect this pin to the center point of an external resistor voltage-divider network to set the reset threshold voltage. The reset threshold voltage is calculated as follows: VRST = 1.22 x (R1 + R2)/R2 (see the Typical Operating Circuit). Open-Drain, Active-Low Reset Output (MAX6301) Push-Pull, Active-Low Reset Output (MAX6303) RESET changes from high to low whenever the monitored voltage (VIN) drops below the selected reset threshold (VRST). RESET remains low as long as VIN is below VRST. Once VIN exceeds VRST, RESET remains low for the reset timeout period and then goes high. The watchdog timer triggers a reset pulse (tRP) whenever the watchdog timeout period (tWD) is exceeded. RESET changes from low to high whenever the monitored voltage (VIN) Open-Drain, Active-High Reset drops below the selected reset threshold (VRST). RESET remains high as Output (MAX6302) long as VIN is below VRST. Once VIN exceeds VRST, RESET remains high for the reset timeout period and then goes low. The watchdog timer Push-Pull, Active-High Reset triggers a reset pulse (tRP) whenever the watchdog timeout period (tWD) Output (MAX6304) is exceeded. Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 0.1µF capacitor placed as close as possible to the pin. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX6301–MAX6304 Pin Description MAX6301–MAX6304 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog Detailed Description VIN Reset Function/Output The reset output is typically connected to the reset input of a µP. A µP’s reset input starts or restarts the µP in a known state. The MAX6301–MAX6304 µP supervisory circuits provide the reset logic to prevent code-execution errors during power-up, power-down, and brownout conditions (see the Typical Operating Circuit). For the MAX6301/MAX6303, RESET changes from high to low whenever the monitored voltage (V IN ) drops below the reset threshold voltage (V RST ). RESET remains low as long as VIN is below VRST. Once VIN exceeds VRST, RESET remains low for the reset timeout period, then goes high. When a reset is asserted due to a watchdog timeout condition, RESET stays low for the reset timeout period. Any time reset asserts, the watchdog timer clears. At the end of the reset timeout period, RESET goes high and the watchdog timer is restarted from zero. If the watchdog timeout period is exceeded again, then RESET goes low again. This cycle continues unless WDI receives a transition. On power-up, once VCC reaches 1V, RESET is guaranteed to be a logic-low. For information about applications where VCC is less than 1V, see the Ensuring a Valid RESET/RESET Output Down to VCC = 0V (MAX6303/ MAX6304) section. As VCC rises, RESET remains low. When VIN rises above VRST, the reset timer starts and RESET remains low. When the reset timeout period ends, RESET goes high. On power-down, once VIN goes below VRST, RESET goes low and is guaranteed to be low until VCC drops below 1V. For information about applications where V CC is less than 1V, see the Ensuring a Valid RESET/RESET Output Down to VCC = 0V (MAX6303/ MAX6304) section. The MAX6302/MAX6304 active-high RESET output is the inverse of the MAX6301/MAX6303 active-low RESET output, and is guaranteed valid for VCC > 1.31V. Reset Threshold These supervisors monitor the voltage on RESET IN. The MAX6301–MAX6304 have an adjustable reset threshold voltage (VRST) set with an external resistor voltage-divider (Figure 1). Use the following formula to calculate VRST (the point at which the monitored voltage triggers a reset): VRST = ( ) VTH × R1 + R2 R2 ( V) where VRST is the desired reset threshold voltage and VTH is the reset input threshold (1.22V). Resistors R1 6 R1 RESET IN R2 MAX6301 MAX6302 MAX6303 MAX6304 VCC 0.1µF ( ) VRST = 1.22 R1 + R2 R2 Figure 1. Calculating the Reset Threshold Voltage (VRST) and R2 can have very high values to minimize current consumption. Set R2 to some conveniently high value (1MΩ, for example) and calculate R1 based on the desired reset threshold voltage, using the following formula: ⎛ VRST ⎞ R1 = R2 × ⎜ − 1⎟ Ω ⎝ VTH ⎠ ( ) Watchdog Timer The watchdog circuit monitors the µP’s activity. If the µP does not toggle the watchdog input (WDI) within tWD (user selected), reset asserts. The internal watchdog timer is cleared by reset, by a transition at WDI (which can detect pulses as short as 30ns), or by a transition at WDS. The watchdog timer remains cleared while reset is asserted; as soon as reset is released, the timer starts counting (Figure 2). The MAX6301–MAX6304 feature two modes of watchdog timer operation: normal mode and extended mode. In normal mode (WDS = GND), the watchdog timeout period is determined by the value of the capacitor connected between SWT and ground (see the Selecting the Reset and Watchdog Timeout Capacitor section). In extended mode (WDS = VCC), the watchdog timeout period is multiplied by 500. For example, in the extended mode, a 1µF capacitor gives a watchdog timeout period of 22 minutes (see the Extended-Mode Watchdog Timeout Period vs. C SWT graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics). In extended mode, the watchdog function can be disabled by leaving WDI unconnected or by three-stating the driver connected to WDI. In this mode, the watchdog input is internally driven low during the watchdog timeout period, then momentarily pulses high, resetting the _______________________________________________________________________________________ +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog MAX6301–MAX6304 VCC tWD WDI tRP 0V VCC RESET 0V NORMAL MODE (WDS = GND) Figure 2a. Watchdog Timing Diagram, WDS = GND VCC tWD x 500 WDI tRP 0V VCC RESET 0V EXTENDED MODE (WDS = VCC) Figure 2b. Watchdog Timing Diagram, WDS = VCC watchdog counter. When WDI is left unconnected, the watchdog timer is cleared by this internal driver just before the timeout period is reached (the internal driver pulls WDI high at about 94% of tWD). When WDI is three-stated, the maximum allowable leakage current of the device driving WDI is 10µA. In normal mode (WDS = GND), the watchdog timer cannot be disabled by three-stating WDI. WDI is a high-impedance input in this mode. Do not leave WDI unconnected in normal mode. Applications Information Selecting the Reset and Watchdog Timeout Capacitor The reset timeout period is adjustable to accommodate a variety of µP applications. Adjust the reset timeout period (tRP) by connecting a specific value capacitor (CSRT) between SRT and ground (Figure 3). Calculate the reset timeout capacitor as follows: CSRT = tRP/2.67 VCC GND MAX6301 MAX6302 MAX6303 SWT MAX6304 SRT CSRT CSRT = tRP 2.67 CSRT in pF tRP in µs VCC 0.1µF CSWT CSWT = tWD 2.67 CSWT in pF tWD in µs Figure 3. Calculating the Reset (CSRT) and Watchdog (CSWT) Timeout Capacitor Values _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX6301–MAX6304 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog VIN VCC VCC VCC 80C51 R1 MAX6302 RESET IN VCC VCC VCC RST RESET R2 MAX6301 MAX6302 MAX6303 MAX6304 0.1µF * WDI I/O I/O WDS I/O GND GND VRST = 1.22 (R1R2+ R2) *THREE-STATE LEAKAGE MUST BE < 10µA. Figure 4. Monitoring Votlages Other than VCC Figure 5. Wake-Up Timer with CSRT in pF and tRP in µs. CSRT must be a low-leakage (< 10nA) type capacitor. Ceramic is recommended. The watchdog timeout period is adjustable to accommodate a variety of µP applications. With this feature, the watchdog timeout can be optimized for software execution. The programmer can determine how often the watchdog timer should be serviced. Adjust the watchdog timeout period (tWD) by connecting a specific value capacitor (CSWT) between SWT and ground (Figure 3). For normal-mode operation, calculate the watchdog timeout capacitor as follows: CSWT = tWD / 2.67 where CSWT is in pF and tWD is in µs. CSWT must be a low-leakage (< 10nA) type capacitor. Ceramic is recommended. watchdog timeout period ends, a reset is applied on the 80C51, waking it up to perform tasks. While the µP is performing tasks, the 80C51 pulls WDS low (selecting normal mode), and the MAX6302 monitors the µP for hang-ups. When the µP finishes its tasks, it puts itself back into sleep mode, drives WDS high, and starts the cycle over again. This is a power-saving technique, since the µP is operating only part of the time and the MAX6302 has very low quiescent current. Monitoring Voltages Other than VCC The Typical Operating Circuit monitors VCC. Voltages other than VCC can easily be monitored, as shown in Figure 4. Calculate V RST as shown in the Reset Threshold section. Wake-Up Timer In some applications, it is advantageous to put a µP into sleep mode, periodically wake it up to perform checks and/or tasks, then put it back into sleep mode. The MAX6301 family of supervisors can easily accommodate this technique. Figure 5 illustrates an example using the MAX6302 and an 80C51. In Figure 5, just before the µC puts itself into sleep mode, it pulls WDS high. The µC’s I/O pins maintain their logic levels while in sleep mode and WDS remains high. This places the MAX6302 in extended mode, increasing the watchdog timeout 500 times. When the Adding a Manual Reset Function A manual reset option can easily be implemented by connecting a normally open momentary switch in parallel with R2 (Figure 6). When the switch is closed, the voltage on RESET IN goes to zero, initiating a reset. When the switch is released, the reset remains asserted for the reset timeout period and then is cleared. The pushbutton switch is effectively debounced by the reset timer. VCC R1 RESET IN R2 VCC MAX6301 MAX6302 MAX6303 MAX6304 Figure 6. Adding a Manual Reset Function 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 0.1µF +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog TO RESET GENERATOR VCC VCC µP MAX6301 WDI WATCHDOG TIMER VCC 0.1µF GND 4.7kΩ WDS RESET RESET Figure 7. Interfacing to µPs with Bidirectional Reset I/O Pins Interfacing to µPs with Bidirectional Reset Pins Since RESET is open-drain, the MAX6301 interfaces easily with µPs that have bidirectional reset pins, such as the Motorola 68HC11 (Figure 7). Connecting RESET directly to the µP’s reset pin with a single pullup allows either device to assert reset. Negative-Going VCC Transients In addition to issuing a reset to the µP during power-up, power-down, and brownout conditions, these supervisors are relatively immune to short-duration negative-going transients (glitches). The Maximum Transient Duration vs. Reset Threshold Overdrive graph in the Typical Operating Characteristics shows this relationship. The area below the curves of the graph is the region in which these devices typically do not generate a reset pulse. This graph was generated using a negativegoing pulse applied to VIN, starting above the actual reset threshold (VRST) and ending below it by the magnitude indicated (reset-threshold overdrive). As the magnitude of the transient increases (farther below the reset threshold), the maximum allowable pulse width decreases. Typically, a VCC transient that goes 100mV below the reset threshold and lasts 50µs or less will not cause a reset pulse to be issued. MAX6301 MAX6302 TO MODE MAX6303 CONTROL MAX6304 Figure 8. Watchdog Input Structure Watchdog Input Current Extended Mode In extended mode (WDS = VCC), the WDI input is internally driven through a buffer and series resistor from the watchdog counter (Figure 8). When WDI is left unconnected, the watchdog timer is serviced within the watchdog timeout period by a very brief low-high-low pulse from the counter chain. For minimum watchdog input current (minimum overall power consumption), leave WDI low for the majority of the watchdog timeout period, pulsing it low-high-low (> 30ns) once within the period to reset the watchdog timer. If instead WDI is externally driven high for the majority of the timeout period, typically 70µA can flow into WDI. Normal Mode In normal mode (WDS = GND), the internal buffer that drives WDI is disabled. In this mode, WDI is a standard CMOS input and leakage current is typically 100pA, regardless of whether WDI is high or low. Ensuring a Valid RESET/RESET Output Down to VCC = 0V (MAX6303/MAX6304) When VCC falls below 1V, RESET/RESET current sinking (sourcing) capabilities decline drastically. In the case of the MAX6303, high-impedance CMOS-logic inputs connected to RESET can drift to undetermined voltages. This presents no problem in most applications, since most µPs and other circuitry do not operate with VCC below 1V. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX6301–MAX6304 RESET TO OTHER SYSTEM COMPONENTS MAX6301–MAX6304 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog VCC VCC MAX6303 MAX6304 VCC 100kΩ VCC 0.1µF 0.1µF RESET RESET 100kΩ GND Figure 9. Ensuring RESET Valid to VCC = 0V In those applications where RESET must be valid down to 0V, adding a pulldown resistor between RESET and ground sinks any stray leakage currents, holding RESET low (Figure 9). The value of the pulldown resistor is not critical; 100kΩ is large enough not to load RESET and small enough to pull RESET to ground. For applications using the MAX6304, a 100kΩ pullup resistor between RESET and VCC will hold RESET high when VCC falls below 1V (Figure 10). Watchdog-Software Considerations To help the watchdog timer monitor software execution more closely, set and reset the watchdog input at different points in the program, rather than pulsing the watchdog input high-low-high or low-high-low. This technique avoids a stuck loop in which the watchdog timer would continue to be reset within the loop, keeping the watchdog from timing out. Figure 11 shows an example of a flow diagram where the I/O driving the watchdog input is set high at the beginning of the program, set low at the beginning of every subroutine or loop, then set high again when the program returns to the beginning. If the program should hang in any subroutine the problem would quickly be corrected, since the I/O is continually set low and the watchdog timer is allowed to time out, causing a reset or interrupt to be issued. When using extended mode, as described in the Watchdog Input Current section, this scheme does result in higher average WDI input current than does the method of leaving WDI low for the majority of the timeout period and periodically pulsing it low-high-low. Layout Considerations SRT and SWT are precision current sources. When developing the layout for the application, be careful to minimize board capacitance and leakage currents around these pins. Traces connected to these pins 10 GND Figure 10. Ensuring RESET Valid to VCC = 0V START SET WDI LOW SUBROUTINE OR PROGRAM LOOP SET WDI HIGH RETURN END Figure 11. Watchdog Flow Diagram should be kept as short as possible. Traces carrying high-speed digital signals and traces with large voltage potentials should be routed as far from these pins as possible. Leakage currents and stray capacitance (e.g., a scope probe) at these pins could cause errors in the reset and/or watchdog timeout period. When evaluating these parts, use clean prototype boards to ensure accurate reset and watchdog timeout periods. RESET IN is a high-impedance input that is typically driven by a high-impedance resistor-divider network (e.g., 1MΩ to 10MΩ). Minimize coupling to transient signals by keeping the connections to this input short. Any DC leakage current at RESET IN (e.g., a scope probe) causes errors in the programmed reset threshold. Note that sensitive pins are located on the GND side of the device, away from the digital I/O, to simplify board layout. ______________________________________________________________________________________ +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog PIN-PACKAGE 8 PDIP Chip Information PROCESS: CMOS PART MAX6302CPA TEMP RANGE 0°C to +70°C MAX6302CSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO MAX6302CUA 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX MAX6302EPA -40°C to +85°C 8 PDIP MAX6302ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO MAX6303CPA 0°C to +70°C 8 PDIP MAX6303CSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO MAX6303CUA 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE OUTLINE NO. LAND PATTERN NO. MAX6303EPA -40°C to +85°C 8 PDIP 8 PDIP P8-1 21-0043 — MAX6303ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO 8 SO S8-2 21-0041 90-0096 MAX6304CPA 0°C to +70°C 8 PDIP MAX6304CSA 0°C to +70°C 8 SO 8 µMAX U8-1 21-0036 90-0092 MAX6304CUA 0°C to +70°C 8 µMAX MAX6304EPA -40°C to +85°C 8 PDIP MAX6304ESA -40°C to +85°C 8 SO Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. Devices are available in both leaded and lead(Pb)-free/RoHScompliant packaging. Specify lead-free by adding the “+” symbol at the end of the part number when ordering. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX6301–MAX6304 Ordering Information (continued) MAX6301–MAX6304 +5V, Low-Power µP Supervisory Circuits with Adjustable Reset/Watchdog Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE DESCRIPTION 0 7/96 Initial release 1 12/05 Added lead-free notation. 2 3/07 Updated Typical Operating Circuit. 3 3/09 Updated Pin Description, Applications Information, Figure 3, and Package Information. 4 9/10 Updated Absolute Maximum Ratings, correct part number. PAGES CHANGED — 1, 11 1 5, 7, 11 2, 9, 11, 12 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2010 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.