19-4405; Rev 0; 3/09 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y are intelligent, stand-alone constant-current, constant-voltage (CCCV), thermally regulated linear chargers designed for charging a single-cell lithium-ion (Li+) battery. The MAX8845Z/ MAX8845Y integrate a current-sense circuit, MOSFET pass element, thermal-regulation circuitry, and eliminates the external reverse-blocking Schottky diode to create the simplest and smallest charging solutions for handheld equipment. The ICs control the charging sequence from the prequalification state through constant current fast-charge, top-off charge, and full-charge indication. Proprietary thermal-regulation circuitry limits the die temperature during fast-charging or when the ICs are exposed to high ambient temperatures, allowing maximum charging current without damaging the ICs. The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y achieve high flexibility by providing adjustable fast-charge currents (SETI) and an adjustable top-off current threshold (MIN) through external resistors. The MAX8845Z/ MAX8845Y feature a booting assistant circuit that distinguishes input sources and battery connection and provides an enable signal (ABO—MAX8845Z and ABO—MAX8845Y) for system booting. The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y also integrate an overvoltage-protected output (SAFEOUT) for low voltage-rated USB or charger inputs in system, and a battery-pack detection circuit (DETBAT) that disables the charger when the battery pack is absent. Other features include an active-low control input (EN), an active-low input power source detection output (POK), and a fully charged top-off threshold detection output (CHG). The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y accept an input supply range from 4.25V to 28V, but disables charging if the supply voltage exceeds +7.5V to protect against unqualified or faulty AC adapters. The IC’s operate over the extended temperature range (-40°C to +85°C) and are available in a compact 12-pin, thermally enhanced thin QFN, 3mm x 3mm package (0.8mm max height). Applications Features ♦ CCCV, Thermally Regulated Linear 1-Cell Li+ Battery Charger ♦ No External MOSFET, Reverse Blocking Diode, or Current-Sense Resistor ♦ Programmable Fast-Charge Currents (1ARMS max) ♦ Programmable Top-Off Current Threshold (MIN) ♦ Input Overvoltage Protected 4.7V Output (SAFEOUT) ♦ Proprietary Die Temperature Regulation Control (+115°C) ♦ 4.25V to 28V Input Voltage Range with Input Overvoltage Protection Above +7.5V ♦ Low-Dropout Voltage (300mV at 500mA) ♦ Input Power-Source Detection Output (POK), Charge Status Output (CHG), Charge-Enable Input (EN) ♦ Output for Autobooting (ABO—MAX8845Z, ABO—MAX8845Y) ♦ Tiny, 3mm x 3mm 12-Pin Thin QFN Package, 0.8mm Height (max) Ordering Information PART PIN-PACKAGE TOP MARK ABO ACTIVE STATE MAX8845ZETC+ 12 Thin QFN-EP* ABL Active high MAX8845YETC+ 12 Thin QFN-EP* ABM Active low Note: All devices are specified over the -40°C to +85°C operating temperature range. +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed pad. Cellular and Cordless Phones Smart Phones and PDAs Digital Still Cameras Typical Operating Circuit and Pin Configurations appear at end of data sheet. MP3 Players USB Appliances Charging Cradles and Docks Bluetooth® Equipment Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y General Description MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS IN to GND ...............................................................-0.3V to +30V ABI, BATT, EN, POK, ABO, ABO, CHG, DETBAT, SETI, MIN, SAFEOUT to GND ................................................-0.3V to +6V IN to BATT Continuous Current .........................................1ARMS Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 12-Thin QFN (derate 14.7mW/°C above +70°C) (multilayer PCB) ......................................................1176.5mW BATT Short-Circuit Duration .......................................Continuous Operating Temperature Range ...........................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VIN = 5V, VBATT = 4V, RPOK = 1MΩ to BATT, EN = unconnected, RSETI = 2.8kΩ to GND, VDETBAT = 0, CBATT = 2.2µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Input Supply Voltage Range Input Current TYP 0 Input Supply Operating Voltage Range Overvoltage Lockout Trip Threshold MIN 4.25 MAX UNITS 28 V 7.00 V 7.5 8.0 V Constant current charging IIN - IBATT, IBATT = 0 0.22 0.50 Constant current charging IIN - IBATT, IBATT = 500mA 1 VIN rising, 100mV hysteresis (typ) 7.0 IC disabled, VEN = 5V VIN = 4V, VBATT = 4.2V 0.20 TA = +25°C 0.02 TA = +85°C 0.03 mA 0.50 BATT, CHG, POK Minimum BATT Bypass Capacitance VBATT Prequalification Threshold Voltage Battery Regulation Voltage 2.2 VBATT rising, 100mV hysteresis (typ) IBATT = 0 TA = -40°C to +85°C Regulator Dropout Voltage (VIN - VBATT) VBATT = 4.1V, IBATT = 425mA BATT Input Current VIN = 0 to 4V, VBATT = 4.2V 2.3 2.5 2.7 4.175 4.200 4.225 4.158 4.200 4.242 260 5 IC disabled Current-Sense Amplifier Gain (IBATT to ISETI) Fast-Charge Current VBATT = 3.5V, RSETI = 14kΩ V V mV 10 µA 3 IBATT = 500mA VBATT = 3.5V, RSETI = 2.8kΩ µF 1016 µA/A TA = 0°C to +85°C 460 500 540 TA = -40°C to +85°C 425 500 575 TA = 0°C to +85°C 85 100 115 mA CHG Top-Off Threshold IBATT falling, battery is charged RMIN = 1.75kΩ 106 mA CHG Hysteresis IBATT rising after top-off is detected, RMIN = 1.75kΩ 38 mA CHG Detection Delay IBATT falls below top-off threshold 2 4.0 6.2 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 10.7 ms 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output (VIN = 5V, VBATT = 4V, RPOK = 1MΩ to BATT, EN = unconnected, RSETI = 2.8kΩ to GND, VDETBAT = 0, CBATT = 2.2µF, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS Prequalification Charge Current Percentage of the fastcharge current, VBATT = 2.2V CHG, POK Output Low Threshold IPOK = 5mA , ICHG = 5mA CHG, POK Output High Leakage Current VPOK = 5.5V, V CHG = 5.5V POK Threshold VIN - VBATT TA = 0°C to +85°C MIN TYP MAX UNITS 5 10 15 % 0.4 V TA = +25°C 1 TA = +85°C 0.01 VIN rising 40 VIN falling 30 DETBAT, SAFEOUT DETBAT Logic-Input Low Threshold DETBAT Pullup Resistor 1.3 DETBAT to VL = 3V Minimum SAFEOUT Bypass Capacitance SAFEOUT Regulated Output mV 0.4 DETBAT Logic-Input High Threshold ISAFEOUT = 30mA, VIN = 5V, TA = 0°C to +85°C 4.5 SAFEOUT Current Limit µA V 470 kΩ 1 µF 4.7 4.9 100 V mA EN, ABI, ABO, ABO EN, ABI Internal Pulldown Resistor 100 EN Logic-Input Low Threshold 4.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 7V EN Logic-Input High Threshold 4.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 7V ABI Logic-Input Low Threshold VBATT = 4V, VIN = 0 ABI Logic-Input High Threshold VBATT = 4V, VIN = 0 ABO Output Low Threshold (MAX8845Y) Open drain, IABO(SINK) = 1mA ABO Output High Threshold (MAX8845Y) Open drain, 100kΩ pullup to BATT ABO Output Low Threshold (MAX8845Z) IABO(SINK) = 1mA ABO Output High Threshold (MAX8845Z) IABO(SOURCE) = 1mA 200 400 0.4 1.3 kΩ V V 0.4 1.3 V V 0.4 VBATT 0.4V V V 0.4 VBATT 0.4V V V THERMAL Die Temperature Regulation Threshold 115 °C Note 1: Specifications are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design and characterization. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (VIN = 5V, VBATT = 4V, RPOK = RCHG = 200kΩ to 5V, EN = unconnected, RSETI = 2.8kΩ to GND, RMIN = 1.74kΩ to GND, RDETBAT = 4.7kΩ to GND, CBATT = 2.2µF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 900 800 0.4 0.3 0.2 700 600 500 400 300 200 0.1 0.1 100 0 8 12 16 20 24 28 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) BATTERY VOLTAGE (V) CHARGE CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE CHARGE CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE HEADROOM SAFEOUT OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 500 400 300 200 100 0 1000 VBATT = 4V, VIN RISING 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 8 12 16 20 24 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 100 0.5 28 ISAFEOUT = 1mA 4.5 200 0 0 4 5.0 SAFEOUT VOLTAGE (V) MAX8845Z/Y toc04 600 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) MAX8845Z/Y toc05 4 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 0 0 100 200 300 400 500 0 600 4 8 12 16 20 24 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) VIN - VBATT (mV) INPUT VOLTAGE (V) SAFEOUT OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CURRENT STARTUP INTO PRECHARGE SHUTDOWN (FAST-CHARGE TO SHUTDOWN) MAX8845Z/Y toc08 MAX8845Z/Y toc07 5.0 4.5 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 MAX8845Z/Y toc06 0 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) MAX8845Z/Y toc03 0.5 1000 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 0.7 VEN = 5V MAX8845Z/Y toc02 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 0.8 0.6 SUPPLY CURRENT (μA) VEN = 0, IBATT = 0 VIN RISING 0.9 MAX8845Z/Y toc01 1.0 CHARGE CURRENT vs. BATTERY VOLTAGE DISABLED MODE SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT vs. INPUT VOLTAGE SAFEOUT VOLTAGE (V) MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output MAX8845Z/Y toc09 500mA/div I 100mA/div BATT 0 IBATT 28 0 VIN 5V/div VIN 5V/div VEN 0 5V/div 0 VEN 0 5V/div 0 1.5 5V/div 5V/div 1.0 VPOK 0.5 0 0 VPOK 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 40μs/div 40μs/div LOAD CURRENT (mA) 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output 0.2 0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 MAX8845Z/Y toc11 100 10 -0.8 600 TOP-OFF CURRENT THRESHOLD (mA) 0.4 1000 FAST-CHARGE CURRENT (mA) 0.6 MAX8845Z/Y toc10 IBATT = 0 0.8 550 500 450 400 TOP-OFF CURRENT RISING 350 300 250 200 150 TOP-OFF CURRENT FALLING 100 50 1 -1.0 -15 10 35 60 85 1 10 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 1000 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 1/RMIN (kΩ) 10,000 RSETI (kΩ) AUTOBOOT ENABLED BY ABI SIGNAL (MAX8845Z) CHARGE CURRENT vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE MAX8845Z/Y toc14 700 MAX8845Z/Y toc13 -40 VBATT = 4V 600 CHARGE CURRENT (mA) BATTERY REGULATION ACCURACY (%) 1.0 TOP-OFF CURRENT THRESHOLD vs. 1/RMIN (kΩ) FAST-CHARGE CURRENT vs. RSETI MAX8845Z/Y toc12 BATTERY REGULATION ACCURACY vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 500 5V/div VABI 0 5V/div 400 VBATT = 3.2V VIN 0 300 5V/div 200 VBATT 0 VABO 5V/div 0 100 RSETI = 2.8kΩ 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 4μs/div AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) AUTOBOOT ENABLED BY INPUT VOLTAGE (MAX8845Z) AUTOBOOT ENABLED BY ABI SIGNAL (MAX8845Y) MAX8845Z/Y toc15 MAX8845Z/Y toc16 5V/div 5V/div VABI 0 VABI 0 5V/div VIN 0 5V/div VIN 0 5V/div VBATT 0 5V/div VABO 0 5V/div VBATT 0 5V/div 0 VABO 20μs/div 4μs/div _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VIN = 5V, VBATT = 4V, RPOK = RCHG = 200kΩ to 5V, EN = unconnected, RSETI = 2.8kΩ to GND, RMIN = 1.74kΩ to GND, RDETBAT = 4.7kΩ to GND, CBATT = 2.2µF, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y Pin Description PIN MAX8845Z 6 MAX8845Y NAME FUNCTION Charge-Current Program and Fast-Charge Current Monitor. Output current from SETI is 1016µA per ampere of battery charging current. Set the charging current by connecting a resistor (RSETI in Figure 3) from SETI to GND. IFAST-CHARGE = 1400V/RSETI. To configure the MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y as a USB charger, see Figure 5. 1 1 SETI 2 2 DETBAT 3 3 ABI Autobooting External Input. See the Autobooting Assistant section and Table 1 for autobooting conditions. ABI is pulled to GND through an internal 200kΩ resistor. 4 4 EN Active-Low, Logic-Level Enable Input. Drive EN high to disable charger. Drive EN low or leave unconnected for normal operation. EN has an internal 200kΩ pulldown resistor. 5 5 GND Ground. Connect GND and the exposed pad to a large copper ground plane for maximum power dissipation. Connect GND to the exposed pad directly under the IC. Battery Pack ID Resistor Detection Input. If DETBAT is pulled low through a pulldown resistor less than 51kΩ the charger is enabled. If DETBAT is left unconnected, the charger is disabled. 6 6 POK Active-Low, Input Voltage Status Indicator. POK is an open-drain output that asserts low when 2.35V < VIN < 7V and (VIN - VBATT) > 40mV. If VIN > +7.5V or VBATT > VIN the IC is shut down and POK becomes high impedance. Connect a pullup resistor to the microprocessor’s I/O voltage when interfacing with a microprocessor logic input. 7 — ABO Active-High, Autobooting Logic Output. See the Autobooting Assistant section and Table 1 for autobooting conditions. — 7 ABO Active-Low, Open-Drain Logic Output. See the Autobooting Assistant section and Table 1 for autobooting conditions. 8 8 BATT Li+ Battery Connection. Bypass BATT to GND with a 2.2µF ceramic capacitor. 9 9 MIN Top-Off Current Threshold Programmable Input. IMIN (mA) falling = 148V/RMIN (kΩ) + 22 (mA). Active-Low, Charging Indicator. CHG is an open-drain output that is pulled low once charging begins. CHG is high impedance when the battery current drops below MIN, or when the IC is disabled. Connect a pullup resistor to the microprocessor’s I/O voltage when interfacing with a microprocessor logic input. 10 10 CHG 11 11 IN 12 12 SAFEOUT — — EP Input Supply Voltage. Bypass IN to GND with a 1µF or larger ceramic capacitor to improve line noise and input transient rejection. 4.7V Regulated LDO Output with Input Overvoltage Protection. Bypass SAFEOUT to GND with a 1µF or larger ceramic capacitor. SAFEOUT can be used to supply low voltage-rated USB systems. Exposed Pad. Connect the exposed pad to a large ground plane for maximum power dissipation. Connect GND to the exposed pad directly under the IC. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y LINEAR REGULATOR WITH OVP SAFEOUT BATT IN 4.2V Li+ +115°C OUTPUT DRIVER, CURRENT SENSE, AND LOGIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR DETBAT SETI VREF VREF VI/O IMINREF MIN IN CHG VIN OVLO VL REGULATOR POK BATT VL UVLO BATT POK VL REF ABO (MAX8845Z ONLY) LOGIC DETBAT VREF ABI REFOK ABO (MAX8845Y ONLY) 200kΩ EN MAX8845Z MAX8845Y 200kΩ GND EP Figure 1. MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y Functional Diagram Detailed Description The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y chargers use voltage, current, and thermal-control loops to charge a single Li+ cell and protect the battery (Figure 1). When a Li+ battery with a cell voltage below 2.5V is inserted, the MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y chargers enter a prequalification stage where it precharges that cell with 10% of the user-programmed fast-charge current (Figure 2). The CHG indicator is driven low to indicate entry into the prequalification state. When the battery voltage exceeds 2.5V, the charger soft-starts as it enters the fast-charge stage. The fast-charge current level is programmed through a resistor from SETI to GND. As the battery voltage approaches 4.2V, the charging current _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output VBATT < 2.5V (VIN - VBATT) < 30mV PRECHARGE 10% OF IFAST-CHARGE CHG = LOW VIN < 7.5V, AND (VIN - VBATT) ≥ 40mV, AND IC ENABLED ANY CHARGING STATE VBATT < 2.4V SHUTDOWN CHARGER = DISABLED CHG = HIGH-Z VIN > 7V, OR (VIN - VBATT) < 30mV, OR IC DISABLED DIE TEMPERATURE > +115°C ASYNCHRONOUS FROM ANYWHERE VIN > 7.5V, OR (VIN - VBATT) < 30mV, OR THERMAL SHUTDOWN, OR IC DISABLED CHARGING CURRENT REDUCTION CHARGING CURRENT IS REDUCED AS NECESSARY VBATT ≥ 2.5V DIE TEMPERATURE ≤ +115°C IBATT > 295V/RMIN (kΩ) - 24mA FAST-CHARGE CONSTANT-CURRENT CHARGE 100% OF IFAST-CHARGE CHG = LOW TOP-OFF 4.2 VOLTAGE REGULATION CHG = HIGH-Z RETURN TO CHARGING STATE IBATT ≤ IMIN FOR 6.2ms (typ) OR LONGER Figure 2. Charge-State Diagram is reduced. If the battery current drops to less than the top-off current threshold set by R MIN , the charger enters top-off mode and the CHG indicator goes high impedance signaling that the battery is fully charged. Overvoltage-Protected Output (SAFEOUT) SAFEOUT is a linear regulator that provides an output voltage of 4.7V and can be used to supply low voltagerated USB systems. The SAFEOUT linear regulator turns on when VIN ≥ 4.25V regardless of EN and is disabled when VIN is greater than the overvoltage threshold (7.5V typ). Battery-Pack Detection Input (DETBAT) DETBAT is a battery-pack ID resistor detector that enables the battery charger if pulled low through a resistor that is less than 51kΩ. If DETBAT is left unconnected or the pulldown resistor is 51kΩ or greater the battery charger is disabled. If DETBAT is not used connect DETBAT to GND for normal operation. POK Output The open-drain POK output asserts low when 2.35V ≤ VIN ≤ 7V, (VIN - VBATT) ≥ 40mV (typ VIN rising), and DETBET is pulled low through a resistor that is less than 51kΩ. POK is high impedance during shutdown. When interfacing with a microprocessor logic input, a pullup resistor to the microprocessor’s I/O voltage may be required. 8 Autobooting Assistant The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y contain autobooting assistant circuits that generate an enable signal for system booting (ABO—MAX8845Z, ABO—MAX8845Y). For the MAX8845Z, the booting assistant functions as an internal OR gate (Figure 1). The first input is dependant on the input voltage (VIN) and DETBAT while the second input is an external signal applied to ABI. The first input (POK) is driven high once DETBAT is pulled low through a resistor less than 51kΩ, 2.35V ≤ VIN ≤ 7V, and (VIN - VBATT) ≥ 40mV (typ VIN rising). The second input signal (ABI) is driven by an external source (Table 1). ABI enables an autoboot signal when a battery is connected at BATT and is independent of POK. If POK is pulled low, the booting assistant always drives ABO high regardless of ABI. ABI is pulled to GND through an internal 200kΩ resistor. If ABI is supplied from an outside exposed pin, a RC filter (Figure 4) is required for ESD protection and noise filtering. If ABI is supplied by a system’s internal GPIO, or logic, the RC filter is not required. For the MAX8845Y, the output ABO is only dependent on the state of ABI (Table 1). CHG Charge Indicator Output CHG is an open-drain output that indicates charge status. Table 2 describes the state of CHG during different stages of operation. CHG is suitable for driving a charge indication LED. If the MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y are _______________________________________________________________________________________ 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y Table 1. Autobooting Output States ABI POK BATT CHARGER STATE ABO (MAX8845Z) ABO (MAX8845Y) High-Z Low Present High-Z Shutdown Low High Present High-Z Shutdown High Low Low Not present Low CC/CV mode High High-Z Low Present Low Fast-charge/top-off High High-Z High Present Low Fast-charge/top-off High Low Note: Present indicates that VBATT ≥ 2V and Not Present indicates that the battery is not connected. Table 2. CHG States EN VIN VBATT IBATT CHG STATE High X X 0 High-Z Disabled 0 High-Z Shutdown Low Precharge > 7.5V X X > VIN - 30mV Low 4.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 7.5V < 2.4V 10% of IFAST-CHARGE* Low 4.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 7.5V ≥ 2.5V 100% of IFAST-CHARGE* Low Fast-charge Low 4.25V ≤ VIN ≤ 7.5V 4.2V < IMIN High-Z Top-off Low X = Don’t care. *IFAST-CHARGE is reduced as necessary to prevent the die temperature from exceeding +115°C. used in conjunction with a microprocessor, a pullup resistor to the logic I/O voltage allows CHG to indicate charge status to the microprocessor instead of driving an LED. Thermal Regulation The thermal-regulation loop limits the MAX8845Z/ MAX8845Y die temperature to +115°C by reducing the charge current as necessary. This feature not only protects the IC from overheating, but also allows a higher charge current without risking damage to the system. Charger Enable Input The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y contain active-low logic input (EN) used to enable the chargers. Drive EN low, leave unconnected, or connect to GND to enable the charge-control circuitry. Drive EN high to disable the charger-control circuitry. EN has an internal 200kΩ pulldown resistor. Soft-Start The soft-start algorithm activates when entering fastcharge mode. When the prequalification state is complete (V BATT exceeds +2.5V), the charging current ramps up in 250µs to the full charging current. This reduces the inrush current demand on the input supply. Applications Information Fast Charge-Current Setting The maximum charging current is programmed by an external resistor connected from SETI to GND (RSETI). Use the following equation to determine the fast-charge current (IFAST_CHARGE): IFAST _ CHARGE = 1400V RSETI where IFAST_CHARGE is in amps and RSETI is in ohms. RSETI must always be 1.4kΩ or higher due to the continuous charging current limit of 1ARMS. Top-Off Current Threshold Setting The top-off current threshold is programmed by an external resistor connected from MIN to GND (RMIN). Use the following equation to determine the top-off current (IMIN): IMIN (falling) = 148V/RMIN (kΩ) + 22mA IMIN (rising) = 295V/RMIN (kΩ) - 24mA where IMIN is in mA and RMIN is in kΩ. Use RMIN ≤ 2.2kΩ. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output Capacitor Selection Connect a ceramic capacitor from BATT to GND for proper stability. Use a 2.2µF ceramic capacitor for most applications. Connect a 1µF ceramic capacitor from IN to GND. A larger input capacitor can be used for high charging current to reduce input voltage ripple. Connect a 1µF ceramic capacitor from SAFEOUT to GND. A larger bypass capacitor for SAFEOUT can be used for optimum noise immunity. Ceramic capacitors with X5R or X7R dielectric are highly recommended due to their small size, low ESR, and small temperature coefficients. Thermal Considerations The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y are available in thermally enhanced Thin QFN packages with exposed pads. Connect the exposed pad to a large copper ground plane to provide a thermal contact between the device and the circuit board for increased power dissipation. The exposed pad transfers heat away from the device, allowing the IC to charge the battery with maximum current, while minimizing the increase in die temperature. DC Input Sources The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y operate from well-regulated DC sources. The full charging input voltage range is 4.25V to 7.5V. The device can withstand up to 28V on the input without damage to the IC. If VIN is greater than 7.5V, the internal overvoltage-protection circuitry disables charging until the input falls below 7.5V. An appropriate power supply must provide at least 4.25V at the desired peak charging current and stay below 7V when unloaded. Typical Application Circuits Factory System Interface Connector Application Figure 4 shows the MAX8845Z as an autoboot assistor with the factory system interface connector. The MAX8845Z detects the ABI input even though there is no input voltage available and generates an ABO signal to turn on power supplies to boot up the system. The configuration in Figure 4 is used for system development, testing, and calibrations in production or design stage. USB-Powered Li-Ion Charger The universal serial bus (USB) provides a high-speed serial communication port as well as power for the remote device. The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y can be configured to charge batteries at the highest current possible from the host port. Figure 5 shows the MAX8845Z as a USB battery charger. To make the circuit compatible with either 100mA or 500mA USB ports, the circuit initializes at 100mA charging current. The microprocessor then enumerates the host to determine its current capability. If the host port is capable, the charging current is increased to 450mA to avoid exceeding the 500mA USB specification through GPIO control. The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y also provide an overvoltageprotected SAFEOUT to the system. Recommended PCB Layout and Routing Place all bypass capacitors for IN, BATT, and SAFEOUT as close as possible to the device. Connect the battery to BATT as close as possible to the device to provide accurate battery voltage sensing. Provide a large copper ground plane to allow the exposed pad to sink heat away from the device. Make all high-current traces short and wide to minimize voltage drops. A sample layout is available in the MAX8845Z Evaluation Kit to speed designs. AC Adapter Application Figure 3 shows the MAX8845Z as a Li+ battery charger with an AC adapter. The MAX8845Z detects the presence of an input supply and DETBET, resulting in POK pulled low. Once POK is pulled low, the autobooting assistant drives ABO high (MAX8845Z) and enables the power supplies of the system to boot up. The MAX8845Z begins charging the battery when EN is low or unconnected. By monitoring CHG, the system can detect the top-off threshold and terminate the charge through EN. The MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y also provide an overvoltage-protected SAFEOUT to the system. 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output AC ADAPTER MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 4.2V Li+ IN BATT CIN 1μF SYSTEM CBATT 2.2μF GND MAX8845Z DETBAT ABI SAFEOUT VBUS CSAFEOUT 1μF VI/O RCHG 1MΩ RPOK 1MΩ SETI RSETI 2.8kΩ MIN GPIO CHG ABO GND EP POK GPIO EN GPIO RMIN 1.75kΩ POWER SUPPLY ON Figure 3. AC Adapter Application ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output IN BATT CIN 1μF 4.2V INTERFACE CONNECTOR GND SYSTEM CBATT 2.2μF MAX8845Z RABI 10kΩ DETBAT ABI CABI 1μF SAFEOUT VBUS CSAFEOUT 1μF VI/O RCHG 1MΩ RPOK 1MΩ SETI RSETI 2.8kΩ MIN GPIO CHG ABO GND EP POK GPIO EN GPIO RMIN 1.75kΩ POWER SUPPLY ON Figure 4. Factory System Interface Connector Application 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________ IF THE POWER SUPPLY IS ACTIVE-LOW ENABLED, USE THE MAX8845Y. 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output MINI-USB CONNECTOR GND MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 4.2V Li+ IN BATT CIN 1μF SYSTEM CBATT 2.2μF MAX8845Z DETBAT SAFEOUT ABI VBUS CSAFEOUT 1μF VI/O RCHG 1MΩ RPOK 1MΩ SETI RSETIA 15.4kΩ RSETI 3.42kΩ MIN GPIO CHG ABO GND EP POK GPIO EN GPIO RMIN 3.09kΩ GPIO POWER SUPPLY ON Figure 5. Mini USB Battery Charger ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output OVP OVP POK VIN VPOK VEN VCHG VSAFEOUT = 4.7V VSAFEOUT TIME Figure 6. Timing Diagram 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output DETBAT 4.25V TO 28V IN BATT CIN 1μF CBATT 2.2μF MAX8845Z MAX8845Y ABI SYSTEM SUPPLY OFF ON 4.2V Li+ EN MIN RMIN 1.75kΩ CHG SETI POK (MAX8845Z, ABO) RSET 2.80kΩ (MAX8845Y, ABO) SAFEOUT GND EP VSAFEOUT 1μF ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y Typical Operating Circuit 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output TOP VIEW MIN BATT ABO MIN BATT ABO TOP VIEW 9 8 7 9 8 7 *EXPOSED PAD + 1 2 3 POK 5 GND 4 EN CHG 10 IN 11 SAFEOUT 12 MAX8845Y *EXPOSED PAD + 1 2 3 ABI 12 ABI SAFEOUT MAX8845Z DETBAT 11 SETI IN 6 DETBAT CHG 10 SETI MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y Pin Configurations 6 POK 5 GND 4 EN Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS 16 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 12 Thin QFN-EP (3mm x 3mm) T1233-4 21-0136 (NE - 1) X e E MARKING THIN QFN.EPS PACKAGE TYPE E/2 D2/2 (ND - 1) X e D/2 AAAA e C L D D2 b k C L 0.10 M C A B E2/2 L E2 0.10 C C L 0.08 C C L A A2 A1 L L e e PACKAGE OUTLINE, 12L THIN QFN, 3X3X0.75mm 21-0136 custom eng 1 2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. MAX8845Z/MAX8845Y 28V Linear Li+ Battery Chargers with Battery Detection and Overvoltage Protected Output Package Information (continued) For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. PKG 12L 3x3 EXPOSED PAD VARIATIONS REF. MIN. NOM. MAX. A 0.70 0.75 b 0.20 0.25 0.30 D 2.90 E e 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.50 BSC. L 0.45 3.00 0.55 N 12 ND 3 NE k 3.10 E2 D2 JEDEC NOM. MAX. T1233-1 0.95 1.10 1.25 0.95 1.10 1.25 ° 0.35 x 45∞ WEED-1 T1233-3 0.95 1.10 1.25 0.95 1.10 1.25 ° 0.35 x 45∞ WEED-1 T1233-4 0.95 1.10 1.25 0.95 1.10 1.25 ° 0.35 x 45∞ WEED-1 MIN. NOM. MAX. PIN ID MIN. 0.65 3 A1 A2 0.80 PKG. CODES 0 0.02 0.05 0.20 REF 0.25 NOTES: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. DIMENSIONING & TOLERANCING CONFORM TO ASME Y14.5M-1994. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. ANGLES ARE IN DEGREES. N IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF TERMINALS. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER AND TERMINAL NUMBERING CONVENTION SHALL CONFORM TO JESD 95-1 SPP-012. DETAILS OF TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER ARE OPTIONAL, BUT MUST BE LOCATED WITHIN THE ZONE INDICATED. THE TERMINAL #1 IDENTIFIER MAY BE EITHER A MOLD OR MARKED FEATURE. DIMENSION b APPLIES TO METALLIZED TERMINAL AND IS MEASURED BETWEEN 0.20 mm AND 0.25 mm FROM TERMINAL TIP. ND AND NE REFER TO THE NUMBER OF TERMINALS ON EACH D AND E SIDE RESPECTIVELY. DEPOPULATION IS POSSIBLE IN A SYMMETRICAL FASHION. COPLANARITY APPLIES TO THE EXPOSED HEAT SINK SLUG AS WELL AS THE TERMINALS. DRAWING CONFORMS TO JEDEC MO220 REVISION C. MARKING IS FOR PACKAGE ORIENTATION REFERENCE ONLY. NUMBER OF LEADS SHOWN ARE FOR REFERENCE ONLY. WARPAGE NOT TO EXCEED 0.10mm. PACKAGE OUTLINE, 12L THIN QFN, 3X3X0.75mm 21-0136 custom eng 2 2 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 18 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.