TK10651 LOW VOLTAGE COMPANDOR FEATURES APPLICATIONS ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Data and Voice Inputs Data and Voice Outputs Low Supply Current Regulated Output Wide Operating Voltage Range Low Standby Current Microphone Amplifier IDC Circuit (Instantaneous Deviation Control) Portable Instrumentation Cordless Telephones Handy Talkies Interphones Amateur Radio Transceivers TK10651 FILTER OUT 1 20 VCC FILTER IN 2 19 EXP OUT COMP OUT 3 18 EXP RECT DATA IN 4 17 DATA OUT C-DFC 5 16 EXP NF COMP RECT 6 15 EXP IN COMP NF 7 14 EXP REF COMP IN 8 13 EXP MUTE COMP REF 9 12 THROUGH GND 10 11 COMP MUTE DESCRIPTION TK10651 is a noise reduction IC developed mainly for cordless phones. It is also used for voice and data communications. It has a built-in compressor circuit to increase the average modulation level and an expander circuit to reduce the noise level. The expander restores the original dynamics of the input signal. The result is a high quality signal transmission with low noise. Among the many functions included, analog switching of the input and output signal is particularly useful in cordless telephones. Separate data input and output are provided. The audio signal path can be muted during data transmission. The signal path used for data transmission bypasses the compressor and expander circuits. 106 51M VCC EXP OUT DATA OUT EXP NF EXP REF BLOCK DIAGRAM The TK10651 is available in the SSOP-20 (MFP20) surface mount package. EXPANDER INPUT AMP 30 kΩ ORDERING INFORMATION GND + THROUGH SW EXP IN TK10651 COMP REF + SUM AMP TO Vref FILTER OUT EXP RECT BUF AMP TO Vref Tape/Reel Code 30 kΩ + 30 kΩ + 100 kΩ COMP IN MIC AMP THROUGH SW Package Code SUM AMP FILTER IN + TO Vref COMP NF 3.3 kΩ PACKAGE CODE TAPE/REEL CODE M: Surface Mount TL: Tape Left 51 kΩ TO Vref + 100 kΩ COMP OUT COMP MUTE 100 kΩ DATA IN C-DCFB COMP RECT THROUGH January 2000 TOKO, Inc. EXP MUTE 100 kΩ Page 1 TK10651 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Supply Voltage ......................................................... 10 V Power Dissipation (Note 1) ................................ 410 mW Junction Temperature .......................................... 150 °C Operating Voltage Range .............................. 2.4 to 7.0 V Input Frequency ................................................. 100 kHz Storage Temperature Range ................... -55 to +150 °C Operating Temperature Range .................. -20 to +70 °C Lead Soldering Temp. (10 sec.) .......................... 235 °C TK10651 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Test conditions: VCC = 3.0 V, f = 1.0 kHz, RL = 10 kΩ, TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS TYP MAX UNITS 4.00 6.50 mA 1.15 1.30 1.45 V 90 120 8 12.5 17 mVrms VIN = -20 dB, (Note 2) -0.5 0 +0.5 dB VIN = -40 dB, (Note 2) -1.0 0 +1.0 dB -1.5 0 +1.5 dB ICC Supply Current No signal VTH Threshold Voltage Pins 11,12,13 MIN Compressor ZINC Input Impedance VINC Standard Input Voltage ∆GC Gain Error ∆GTC Through On/Off Difference VIN = 0 dB, Pin 12 grounded, (Note 2) THDC Total Harmonic Distortion VIN = 0 dB 0.5 1.0 % VNOC Output Noise Voltage Rg = 620 Ω, (Note 2) 3.0 5.5 mVrms ATTC Mute Attenuation VIN = 0 dB, Pin 11 grounded, (Note 2) VLIMC Limiting Voltage GVD Voltage Gain for DATA Terminal VOUT(MAX)D CTC Note 1: Note 2: Page 2 VOC = 300 mVrms VIN = 0 dB, (Note 2) kΩ 60 80 1.15 1.35 1.50 VP-P Pin 4 voltage = 300 mVrms -0.5 0 +0.5 dB Maximum Output Voltage for DATA Terminal THD = 10% Point 800 900 Cross Talk Exp VIN = 30 mVrms, Rg = 620 Ω, (Note 2) -35 dB mVrms -30 dB Power dissipation is 410 mW in free air. Derate at 3.3 mW/°C for operation above 25 °C. Evaluated by CCITT standard P.53 noise filter. January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK10651 TK10651 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) Test conditions: VCC = 3.0 V, f = 1.0 kHz, RL = 10 kΩ, TA = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS -0.5 0 +0.5 dB Buffer Amplifier GVB Voltage Gain ∆f Frequency Characteristics VIN = 300 mVrms VIN = 300 mVrms, f = 3 kHz -3 dB VIN = 300 mVrms, f = 30 kHz -60 dB 0.02 THDB Total Harmonic Distortion VIN = 300 mVrms VOUT(MAX)B Maximum Output Voltage THD = 10% Point 550 700 Standard Output Voltage VIN = 30 mVrms = 0 dB, (Note 2) 110 130 160 mVrms VIN = -10 dB, (Note 2) -0.5 0 +0.5 dB VIN = -20 dB, (Note 2) -1.0 0 +1.0 dB VIN = -30 dB, (Note 2) -1.5 0 +2.0 dB -2.5 -1.0 +0.5 dB 0.1 % mVrms Expander VOUTE ∆GE Gain Error ∆GTE Through On/Off Difference VIN = 0 dB, Pin 12 grounded, (Note 2) THDE Total Harmonic Distortion VIN = 0 dB 0.5 1.5 % VNOE Output Noise Voltage Rg = 620 Ω, (Note 2) 10 30 µVrms ATTE Attenuation VIN = 0 dB, Pin 13 grounded, (Note 2) 60 80 dB VOUT(MAX)E Maximum Output Voltage THD = 10% Point 700 800 mVrms GVI Voltage Gain for Input Amp. VIN = 0 dB 14.5 15.5 VOUT(MAX)I Maximum Output Voltage THD = 10% Point 450 500 CTE Cross Talk Comp VIN = VINC, Rg = 620 Ω, (Note 2) Note 2: -70 16.5 dB mVrms -60 dB Evaluated by CCITT standard P.53 noise filter. January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 3 TK10651 TEST CIRCUIT 1.0 µF FILTER OUT VCC VCC 10 µF 10 kΩ 18000 pF 1.0 µF FILTER IN 620 Ω 10 kΩ 10 kΩ + 10 kΩ EXPAND OUT 100 kΩ 6800 pF 1.0 µF 10 kΩ 1000 pF COMPRESS OUT 10 kΩ EXP 1.0 µF 2.2 µF 100 kΩ + 0.1 µF 2.2 µF DATA IN DATA OUT 100 kΩ 620 Ω 10 kΩ 100 kΩ 51 kΩ 50 pF + 10 kΩ 22 µF 1.0 µF COMP 0.047 µF EXPAND IN 2.2 µF 620 100 kΩ 51 kΩ + 9.1 kΩ REG 3.3 kΩ 0.47 µF 4.7 µF 0.047 µF COMPRESS IN 620 Ω 100 kΩ MUTE EXPAND REG 4.7 µF THROUGH MUTE COMPRESS SWITCH PIN HIGH (OPEN OR VCC) LOW (GND) Pin 11 Comp Mute OFF Comp Mute ON Pin 12 Compandor Through Pin 13 Exp Mute OFF Exp Mute ON Page 4 Switch pins priority order: High > pins 11 and 13 > pin 12 > low. January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK10651 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS DC CHARACTERISTICS SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 1.5 NO SIGNAL 6 1.48 ICC (mA) Vref (V) 5 1.46 1.44 4 3 1.42 2 1.4 2 3 4 6 5 VCC (V) 7 2 8 REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 3 4 6 5 VCC (V) 7 8 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 1.5 VCC = 3.0 V VCC = 3.0 V NO SIGNAL 6 1.48 ICC (mA) Vref (V) 5 1.46 1.44 4 3 1.42 2 1.4 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 TA (°C ) 100 80 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 TA (°C ) 80 100 EXPANDER AC CHARACTERISTICS OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE fIN = 1.0 kHz 2 100 VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz REFERENCE LEVEL -30 VOUT (dB) 1 VOE (dB) 0 -10 mV(rms) -20 0 -40 -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -1 -2 2 3 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. 4 6 VCC (V) 5 7 8 -110 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 30 mV(rms) VIN (dB) Page 5 TK10651 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) EXPANDER AC CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) OUTPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE DISTORTION vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 10 VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz 2 VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz 5 THD (%) VOE (dB) 1 0 2 1 0.5 -1 REFERENCE LEVEL 0.2 -2 -40 -20 0 20 40 TA (°C ) 60 0.1 -50 80 100 -45 -40 -35 -30 VIN (dB) -25 -20 COMPRESSOR AC CHARACTERISTICS OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. INPUT VOLTAGE INPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE 0 fIN = 1.0 kHz 2 -20 VOUT (dB) 1 VIN C (dB) REFERENCE LEVEL 300 mv(rms)-10 0 -1 VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz -30 -40 -50 -60 -2 -70 2 3 4 5 6 7 -60 -40 -120 -100 -80 VIN (dB) 10 mV(rms) 8 VCC (V) INPUT REFERENCE VOLTAGE vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE -20 DISTORTION vs. INPUT VOLTAGE 10 VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz 5 1 THD (%) VIN C (dB) 2 0 VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz 2 1 .5 -1 .2 -2 REFERENCE LEVEL -40 -20 Page 6 0 20 40 60 TA (°C ) 80 100 .1 -70 -65 -60 -55 -50 -45 -40 -35 -30 VIN (dB) January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK10651 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) THIRD ORDER LPF CHARACTERISTICS 10 OUTPUT VOLTAGE VS. THIRD ORDER LPF INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. THIRD ORDER LPF INPUT FREQUENCY 0 0 -10 VOUT (dBV) VOUT (dB) -10 -20 -30 -40 VCC = 3.0 V fIN = 1.0 kHz -20 -30 -40 -50 -50 -60 -60 -70 0.1 0.2 0.5 -70 -90 -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 VIN (dBV) 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 fIN (kHz) USING THE COMPANDOR TO IMPROVE S/N 7 MODULATION LEVEL vs. COMPRESSOR INPUT VCC = 3.0 V fMOD = 1.0 kHz 6 m (± kHz ) This section provides an example of using the compandor to improve S/N in a narrow band FM communication system. In the test configuration below, the compressor modulation level was measured as a function of the input voltage to demonstrate the improvement resulting from the use of the compressor. An audio signal is connected into the compressor and the output is measured with the modulation meter connected to the external modulation input of the FM signal generator. The compressor's reference input level was set to produce ±3.0 kHz frequency deviation. As shown in the graph on the right, the peak deviation remains the same when the compressor is used, but a wider input range is obtained. The built-in characteristics of the IDC circuit limit the maximum frequency deviation to ±4.5 kHz. 0 5 4 3 COMPRESSOR 2 1 0 0.1 0.2 0.5 THROUGH 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 VIN (mVrms) TEST CONFIGURATION TK10651 COMP FM SG FM IF IC TK10487 TK10651 EXP V January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 7 TK10651 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (CONT.) The following graph shows the characteristics when the RF input is weak (RF IN = 30 dBµ). There is a great difference when the compandor is used with a weak RF input. When the through function is used (noise reduction off), the output is lost in noise as the compressor input drops below –80 dBV; but when the compandor function is used, it remains level below –100 dBV. With a weak RF input, dynamic range is extended by 30 dB. USING THE COMPANDOR TO IMPROVE S/N (CONT.) The improvement resulting from the expander is expressed by measuring the overall characteristics of the FM IF System (TK10487M). The signal generator was switched to internal modulation and the output is defined as 0 dB when the RF input = 80 dBµ. As the graph below indicates, the noise is reduced when the expander is used, and good S/N ratio is maintained even when the RF signal input is weak. OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO (FOR WEAK RF INPUT SIGNAL) vs. COMPANDOR INPUT OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO vs. COMPANDOR RF INPUT 10 SIGNAL VCC = 3.0 V fOSC = 10.245 MHz DEV = ± 3.0 kHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz FILTER : CCITT P.53 IF IC : TK10487M NO PRE-EMPHASIS OR DE-EMPHASIS -10 VOUT (dB) -20 -30 -40 -50 -60 -70 -10 SOLID LINE: COMPRESSOR DASHED LINE: THROUGH NOISE -80 -20 0 20 40 60 VIN (dBu) 80 VCC = 3.0 V fOSC = 10.245 MHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz FILTER : CCITT P.53 IF IC :TK10487M NO PRE-EMPHASIS OR DE-EMPHASIS 0 VOUT (dB) 0 -20 -30 -40 -60 -70 -80 100 Finally, the overall characteristics are measured using both the compressor and the expander. The output is measured when the compressor's input is at –40 dBµV and the frequency deviation is ±3.0 kHz. The graph below shows the characteristics when the RF input is strong (RF IN = 80 dBµ). The dynamic range is increased by more than 12 dB when the compandor is used. SOLID LINE: COMPRESSOR DASHED LINE: THROUGH -50 -110 -90 -70 -50 VIN (dBV) -30 -10 The effects of the compandor within a narrow band FM communications system was demonstrated while a coaxial cable was used in place of transmission through free space. The signal source was an FM signal generator although there are some differences when actual transmission is through free space. However, the test configuration used in this experiment is useful in understanding the effects of the compandor. OUTPUT VOLTAGE RATIO (FOR STRONG RF INPUT SIGNAL) vs. COMPANDOR RF INPUT 10 VCC = 3.0 V fOSC = 10.245 MHz fMOD = 1.0 kHz FILTER : CCITT P.53 IF IC :TK10487M NO PRE-EMPHASIS OR DE-EMPHASIS 0 VOUT (dB) -10 -20 -30 -40 SOLID LINE: COMPRESSOR DASHED LINE: THROUGH -50 -60 -70 -80 Page 8 -120 -90 -70 -50 VIN (dBV) -30 -10 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK10651 APPLICATION INFORMATION COMPRESSOR COMPRESSOR MICROPHONE AMPLIFIER By placing the data input pin following the compressor circuit, a data signal can be transmitted without being compressed. Audio from the microphone can be connected directly to the IC, because it passes through the built-in microphone amplifier (the gain is adjustable). Since there is a built-in limiter to prevent overmodulation, it is not necessary to add an external Instantaneous Deviation Control (IDC) circuit; furthermore, a Low Pass Filter (LPF) up to the third order can be constructed using the buffer amplifier. When a data signal is being transmitted, the unneeded audio can be cut by engaging the mute switch. The input pin connects to the reference voltage through a 100 kΩ bias resistor, therefore external bias is not necessary. The microphone amplifier gain can be adjusted by connecting an external resistor to NF pin 7. The gain is highest when no resistor is added, and the standard input level is 3 mV. When an external resistor of 9.1 kΩ is added, the standard input level is about a 10 mV; when the external resistor value is 68 kΩ, the standard input level is 30 mV. The input can accommodate a variety of microphones by adjusting the gain to match the microphone's output voltage. EXPANDER The user should set the gain and input level so that the output level at pin 3 is normally 300 mV (standard level). A wide range of applications are made possible because all of the input amplifier pins are accessible. A LPF of up to the third order can be constructed at the input, and with an external resistor, it can be used as an amplifier. If the data out pin is used for the output, a data signal can be extracted without passing through the expander. During data transmission, the audio signal system can be inhibited by using the mute switch. 100 k VREF COMP IN ~10 mV + 8 51 k COMP NF 3.3 k 9.1 k 77 100 k VREF COMP IN ~3 mV + 8 51 k COMP NF 3.3 k 7 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 9 TK10651 APPLICATION INFORMATION (CONT.) RECTIFIER COMPRESSOR DATA INPUT The rectifier's smoothing capacitor pins (6 & 18), determine the smoothing characteristics and the time constants of the compressor and the expander. The time constant is determined by the external capacitor value and the internal 10 kΩ resistance. An inverting amplifier is used at the DATA input. The internal input resistors are 100 kΩ, and the DC bias (VREF) is about 1.5 V. The maximum load at the output pin is 10 kΩ. 100 k COMP OUT 100 k + FROM COMP RECTIFIER 3 - 100 k TO VREF 10 k TO GAIN CELL DATA IN 4 BUFFER AMPLIFIER COMPRESSOR SUMMING AMPLIFIER Up to a third order LPF (for example, a splatter filter) can be constructed using this amplifier. The maximum load at the output pin is 10 kΩ. The non-inverting input of the amplifier is not biased internally, therefore an external bias is needed (for example Pin 3 Vref) whenever this pin is not directcoupled from the compressor output pin (pin 3). The compressor summing amplifier (SUM AMP) must have unity DC gain and the AC open loop gain is high. Since the feedback resistors are internal to the device, only one external capacitor is needed between pin 5 and GND. The cutoff frequency is determined by the external capacitor and the internal resistors. 1 3 kHz LPF 18000 p C-DCFB 10 k 10 k 5 10 k 2 30 k 30 k 100 k 6800 p 1000 p + - TO VREF + - Page 10 January 2000 TOKO, Inc. TK10651 APPLICATION INFORMATION (CONT.) REFERENCE VOLTAGE SOURCE (PINS 9 AND 14) EXPANDER INPUT AMPLIFIER The non-inverting and inverting input pins as well as the output pins are available, and can be used as a buffer amp or filter amp. A data signal can be obtained from the output pin, without passing through the expander. The input level and amplifier gain should be set to provide 180 mV(rms) standard level at the data output pin (pin 17). The expander input amplifier is not DC biased internally, therefore a bias voltage from the expander's VREF pin (pin 14) should be used. The maximum allowable load at the output pin is 10 kΩ. EXP OUT 51 k DATA OUT Pin 9 is the reference voltage pin for the compressor and pin 14 is the reference voltage pin for the expander. The reference voltages are obtained from an internal band gap reference and used as the bias source for each section. SWITCH CIRCUIT (PINS 11, 12, and 13) The compressor's and expander's mute pins and the through pin (noise reduction is off) are pulled up by internal current sources, therefore they do not need an external pull up. Concerning the switching logic, refer to the table in the Test Circuit section. 17 EXP NF 10 k 16 EXP IN + - 15 11,12,13 100 k TO VREF AMPLIFIER (GAIN = 6) DATA OUT 17 EXP NF 16 18000 p 10 k 10 k EXP IN 10 k + - 15 100 k 6800 p 1000 p TO VREF 3 kHz LPF January 2000 TOKO, Inc. Page 11 TK10651 PACKAGE OUTLINE SSOP-20 (MFP20) Marking Information 0.5 TK10651 Marking 10651 20 e1 5.4 1.2 Mark 11 AAAAA 4.4 e 1.0 Recommended Mount Pad YYY KR 10 1 Country of Origin 0.5 0°~10° Lot No. 0.35 0.15 1.5 1.4 0.15 0.05 10.2 0.15 0.05 0.10 M 6.0 0.1 ±0.3 e 1.0 Dimensions are shown in millimeters Tolerance: x.x = ± 0.2 mm (unless otherwise specified) Toko America, Inc. Headquarters 1250 Feehanville Drive, Mount Prospect, Illinois 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 TOKO AMERICA REGIONAL OFFICES Midwest Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 1250 Feehanville Drive Mount Prospect, IL 60056 Tel: (847) 297-0070 Fax: (847) 699-7864 Western Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 2480 North First Street , Suite 260 San Jose, CA 95131 Tel: (408) 432-8281 Fax: (408) 943-9790 Eastern Regional Office Toko America, Inc. 107 Mill Plain Road Danbury, CT 06811 Tel: (203) 748-6871 Fax: (203) 797-1223 Semiconductor Technical Support Toko Design Center 4755 Forge Road Colorado Springs, CO 80907 Tel: (719) 528-2200 Fax: (719) 528-2375 Visit our Internet site at http://www.tokoam.com The information furnished by TOKO, Inc. is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, TOKO reserves the right to make changes or improvements in the design, specification or manufacture of its products without further notice. TOKO does not assume any liability arising from the application or use of any product or circuit described herein, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from the use of its products. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of TOKO, Inc. Page 12 © 1999 Toko, Inc. All Rights Reserved January 2000 TOKO, Inc. IC-231-TK11031 0798O0.0K Printed in the USA