WINBOND W78C438C

W78C438C
8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The W78C438C is a high-performance single-chip CMOS 8-bit microcontroller that is a derivative of
the W78C58 microcontroller family. The W78C438C is functionally compatible with the W78C32,
except that it provides either a 64 KB program/1 MB data memory address or memory-mapped chip
select logic, five general I/O ports, and four external interrupts.
In the W78C32, two I/O ports, Port 1 and Port 3, are available for general-purpose use (Port 3 also
supports alternative functions), and Port 2 and Port 0 are used as the address bus and data bus,
respectively. To enable Port 0 and Port 2 to also be used as general purpose I/O ports, the
W78C438C provides two dedicated address ports (AP5 and AP6) that serve as address output for 64
KB of memory and one address/data port (DP4) that serves as ROM code input and external RAM
data input/output. Unlike the W78C32, this product does not require an external latch device for
multiplexing low byte addresses. The W78C438C also provides four pins (AP7.0−AP7.3) to support
either 64 KB program/1 MB data memory space or memory-mapped chip select logic, one parallel I/O
port (Port 8) without bit addressing mode, and two additional external interrupts ( INT2 , INT3 ) .
The W78C438C is programmed in a manner fully compatible with that used to program the W78C32,
except that the external data RAM is accessed by the "MOVX @Ri" instruction. Address paging is
performed by loading page addresses into the HB (high byte) register, which is not a standard register
in the W78C32, before execution of the "MOVX @Ri" instruction.
FEATURES
• 8-bit CMOS microcontroller
• Fully static design
• DC to 40 MHz operation
• ROM-less operation
• 256-byte on-chip scratchpad RAM
• Either 64 KB program/1 MB data memory address space or 4 memory-mapped chip select pins
• One 8-bit data/address port
• Two 8-bit and one 4-bit (optional) address ports
• Five 8-bit bidirectional I/O ports
− Four 8-bit bit-addressable I/O ports and one 8-bit parallel I/O port
• Eight-source, two-level interrupt capability
• Three 16-bit timer/counters
• Four external interrupts
• One full-duplex serial channel
• Built-in power management
− Idle mode
− Power-down mode
• Packages:
− 84-pin PLCC: W78C438CP-24/40
− 100-pin PQFP: W78C438CF-24/40
-1-
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
PIN CONFIGURATIONS
P
1
.
4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RESET
P8.0
P8.1
P8.2
P8.3
P8.4
P8.5
P8.6
P8.7
INT3
12
13
P
1
.
2
P
1
.
1
D
P
P
1
4
. N .
0 C 7
D
P
4
.
6
1 1 9 8 7 6 5 4
1 0
D
P
4
.
5
D
P
4
.
4
D
P
4
.
3
D
P
4
.
2
D
P
4
.
1
D
P
4
V
. N D
0 C D
3 2 1 8 8 8 8 8
4 3 2 1 0
P
0
.
0
P
0
.
1
P
0
.
2
P
0
.
3
P
0
.
4
7 7 7 7 7
9 8 7 6 5
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
W78C438CP
23
24
84-pin PLCC
INT2
RXD, P3.0
VDD
TXD, P3.1
25
26
INT0, P3.2
29
30
INT1, P3.3
T0, P3.4
T1, P3.5
P
1
.
3
27
28
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
32
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3
P
3
.
6
,
/
W
R
P
3
.
7
,
/
R
D
X
T
A
L
2
X V N A A
T S C P P
7 7
A S
. .
L
1
3 2
, ,
/ /
C C
S S
3 2
A
P
7
.
1
,
/
C
S
1
A
P
7
.
0
,
/
C
S
0
-2-
A
P
6
.
7
A
P
6
.
6
A
P
6
.
5
A
P
6
.
4
A
P
6
.
3
A
P
6
.
2
A
P
6
.
1
A
P
6
.
0
P
2
.
0
P
2
.
1
P
2
.
2
EA
AP5.0
AP5.1
AP5.2
AP5.3
AP5.4
AP5.5
64
63
62
61
60
AP5.6
AP5.7
59
PSEN
P2.7
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
58
57
31
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
56
55
54
V DD
VSS
ALE
P2.3
W78C438C
Pin Configurations, continued
N
C
NC
NC
1
2
NC
NC
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
3
4
RESET
P8.0
P8.1
P8.2
P8.3
P8.4
P8.5
P8.6
P8.7
INT3
INT2
RXD, P3.0
VDD
TXD, P3.1
INT0, P3.2
INT1, P3.3
T0, P3.4
T1, P3.5
WR, P3.6
NC
NC
NC
NC
1
0
0
T
2
E
X
,
T
2
,
P
1
.
4
P
1
.
3
P
1
.
2
P
1
.
1
P
1
.
0
D
P
4
.
7
D
P
4
.
6
D
P
4
.
5
D
P
4
.
4
D
P
4
.
3
D
P
4
.
2
D
P
4
.
1
D
P
4
.
0
V
D
D
P
0
.
0
P
0
.
1
P
0
.
2
P
0
.
3
N
C
9
9
9
8
9
7
9
6
9
5
9
4
9
3
9
2
9
1
9
0
8
9
8
8
8
7
8
6
8
5
8
4
8
3
8
2
8
1
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
W78C438CF
100-pin PQFP
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
29
30
3
1
3
2
3
3
3
4
3
5
3
6
3
7
3
8
3
9
4
0
4
1
4
2
4
3
4
4
4
5
4
6
4
7
4
8
4
9
5
0
P
3.
7,
/
R
D
X
T
A
L
2
X
T
A
L
1
V
S
S
N
C
A
P
7
.
3
,
/
C
S
3
A
P
7
.
2
,
/
C
S
2
A
P
7
.
1
,
/
C
S
1
A
P
7
.
0
,
/
C
S
0
A
P
6
.
7
A
P
6
.
6
A
P
6
.
5
A
P
6
.
4
A
P
6
.
3
A
P
6
.
2
A
P
6
.
1
A
P
6.
0
P
2
.
0
P
2
.
1
P
2
.
2
-3-
NC
NC
NC
NC
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
EA
AP5.0
AP5.1
AP5.2
AP5.3
AP5.4
AP5.5
AP5.6
AP5.7
V DD
V SS
ALE
PSEN
P2.7
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
NC
NC
NC
NC
P2.3
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
PIN DESCRIPTION
P0.0−P0.7 I/O Port 0
These pins function the same as those in the W78C32, except that a multiplexed address/data bus is
not provided during accesses to external memory.
P1.0−P1.7 I/O Port 1
Functions are the same as in the W78C32.
P2.0−P2.7 I/O Port 2
Functions are the same as in the W78C32, except that an upper address bus is not provided during
accesses to external memory.
P3.0−P3.7 I/O Port 3
Functions are the same as in the W78C32.
DP4.0−DP4.7 Data/Address Bus
DP4 provides multiplexed low-byte address/data during access to external memory.
AP5.0−AP5.7 Address Bus
AP5 outputs the <7:0> address of the external ROM multiplexed with the <7:0> address of the
external data RAM.
AP6.0−AP6.7 Address Bus
AP6 outputs the <15:8> address of the external ROM multiplexed with the <15:8> address of the
external data RAM. During the execution of "MOVX @Ri," the output of AP6 comes from the HB
register, which is the page register for the high byte address, and its address is 0A1H.
AP7.0−AP7.3 Address Bus/Chip Select Pins
Set bit 7 of the EPMA (Extended Program Memory Address) register to determine the functions of
port 7. When this bit is "0" (default value), AP7 allows the external memory data to be accessed by
outputting the <19:16> address of the external memory from bits<3:0> of the EPMA register during
the execution of "MOVC A, @A+DPTR" or "MOVX dest, src." At all other times, AP7<3:0> will output
0H.
When this bit is "1," AP7<3:0> (CS3−0) are the chip select pins, which support memory-mapped
peripheral device select, and only one pin is active low at any one time. These pins are decoded by
AP6<7:6>. For details, see the table below.
AP6.7
AP6.6
DESCRIPTION
0
0
AP70: low; others: high
0
1
AP71: low; others: high
1
0
AP72: low; others: high
1
1
AP73: low; others: high
-4-
W78C438C
P8.0−P8.7 I/O Port
Functions are the same as those of Port 1 in the W78C31, except that they are mapped by the P8
register and not bit-addressable. The P8 register is not a standard register in the W78C32. Its address
is at 0A6H.
INT2 , INT3 External Interrupt, Input
Functions are similar to those of external INT0 , INT1 in the W78C32, except that the functions/status
of these interrupts are determined/shown by the bits in the XICON (External Interrupt Control)
register. The XICON register is bit-addressable but is not a standard register in the W78C32. Its
address is at 0C0H. For details, see the Functional Description below.
EA External Address, Input
Functions same as W78C32.
RST, XTAL1, XTAL2, PSEN , ALE
Functions same as W78C32.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Port 8
SFR
Port 0
Port 1
Alternate
Timer2
RAM
256
Bytes
Port 2
Port 3
Alternate
Data Bus
CPU
Serial
Port
CORE
INT0
Interrupt
INT1
Timer0
DP4
Timer1
AP5
AP6
INT2
AP7
Alternate
INT3
-5-
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The W78C438C is a functional extension of the W78C58 microcontroller. It contains a 256 × 8 RAM,
64 KB program/1 MB data memory address or memory-mapped chip select logic, two 8-bit address
ports, one 8-bit data port, five general I/O ports, four external interrupts, three timers/counters, and
one serial port.
Dedicated Data and Address Port
The W78C438C provides four general-purpose I/O ports for W78C32 applications; the address and
data bus are separated from Port 0 and Port 2 so that these ports can be used as general-purpose I/O
ports. In this product, DP4 is the data bus for external ROM and RAM, AP5<7:0> are the low byte
address, AP6<7:0> are the high byte address, PSEN enables the external ROM to DP4, and P3.6
( WR ) and P3.7 ( RD ) are the write/read control signals for the external RAM. The external latch for
multiplexing the low byte address is no longer needed in this product. The W78C438C uses AP5 and
AP6 to support 64 KB external program memory and 64 KB external data memory, just as a standard
W78C32 does.
The W78C438C provides four pins, AP7.3−AP7.0 (CS3−CS0), to support either 64 KB program/1 MB
data memory space or memory-mapped chip select logic. Bit 7 of the EPMA (Extended Program
Memory Address) register, which is described in Table 1 below, determines the functions of these
pins.
When this bit is "0" (the default value), AP7<3:0> support external program/data memory addresses
up to 64 KB/1 MB for applications which need additional external memory to store large amounts of
data.
Although there is 1M bytes memory space, instructions stored here can not be run at full range of this
area except the first 64 Kbytes. It is owing to the fact that during the instruction fetch cycle, AP7<3:0>
always output 0s to address lines A19−A16. This limits the program code to store at address 0−
0FFFFH (64K). The rest of the area (10000H−FFFFFH) can be treated as ROM data storage which
can be read by "MOVC A, @A+DPTR" instruction.
When "MOVC A, @A+DPTR" is executed to read the external ROM data or "MOVX dest, src" is
executed to access the external RAM data, AP7<3:0> output address <19:16> from bits <3:0> of the
EPMA (Extended Program Memory Address) register. At other times, AP7<3:0> always output 0H to
ensure the instruction fetch is within the 64K program memory address. Different banks can be
selected by modifying the content of the EPMA register before the execution of "MOVC A,
@A+DPTR" or "MOVX dest, src."
[Example]. Access the external ROM/RAM data from external memory space.
CLR
A
; Clear Accumulator.
MOV
DPTR, #0H
; Clear DPTR.
MOV
0A2H, #02
; Initialize EPMA(0A2H). EPMA.7 = 0: extended memory space
; EPMA.<3:0> = 0010B, the address range: 20000−2FFFFH.
MOVC A, @A+DPTR ; Read the external ROM data from location 20000H.
MOVX A, @DPTR
; Read the external RAM data from location 20000H.
CLR
A
MOV
0A2H, #03H
; EPMA.<3:0> = 0011B, the address range: 30000H−3FFFFH.
MOVC A, @A+DPTR ; Read the external ROM data from location 30000H.
MOVX @DPTR, A
; Write the contents of Accumulator to external RAM data.
; location 30000H.
-6-
W78C438C
(A) EPMA.7 = 0
EPROM
ADDR (20-bit)
W78C438
P0
AP5
P1
AP7
64K PROGRAM
\8
\8
\4
AP6
DATA AREA
\8
DP4
P2
OE
PSEN
P8
INT0
INT1
INT2
RAM
ADDR 1MB
(20-bit)
INT3
RD
WR
DATA
P3
WE
OE
When bit 7 of the EPMA is "1," AP7<3:0> are the output pins that support memory-mapped peripheral
chip select logic, which eliminates the need for glue logic. These pins are decoded by AP6<7:6>.
Only one pin is active low at any time. That is, they are active individually with 16K address
resolution. For example, CS0 is active low in the address range from 0000H to 3FFFH, CS1 is active
low in the address range from 4000H to 7FFFH, and so forth.
(B) EPMA.7 = 1
W78C438
64K PROGRAM
\8
\8
AP5
P0
EPROM
ADDR (16-bit)
AP6
P1
DP4
DATA AREA
\8
P2
OE
PSEN
P8
INT0
INT1
INT2
\8
INT3
\6
WR
0000h
DATA
P3
RD
RAM
Device
Device
ADDR (14-bit)
AP7.0
AP7.1
AP7.2
AP7.3
3FFFh
(16k)
Device
4000h
7FFFh
8000h
C000h
BFFFh
FFFFh
(16k)
(16k)
(16k)
WE
OE
-7-
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
The EPMA register is a nonstandard 8-bit SFR at address 0A2H in the standard W78C32. To
read/write the EPMA register, one can use the "MOV direct" instruction or "read-modify-write"
instructions. Bits <6:4> of the EPMA register are reserved bits, and their output values are 111B if
they are read. The content of EPMA is 70H after a reset. The EPMA register does not support bitaddressable instructions.
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
EPMA7
EPMA7 = 0: 64 KB program/1 MB data memory space mode
EPMA7 = 1: memory-mapped chip select mode
6
EPMA6
Reserved
5
EPMA5
Reserved
4
EPMA4
Reserved
3
EPMA3
Value of AP7.3
2
EPMA2
Value of AP7.2
1
EPMA1
Value of AP7.1
0
EPMA0
Value of AP7.0
Table 1. Functional Description of EPMA Register
Additional I/O Port
The W78C438C provides one parallel I/O port, Port 8. Its function is the same as that of Port 1 in the
W78C31, except that it is mapped by the P8 register and is not bit-addressable. The P8 register is not
a standard register in the standard W78C32. Its address is at 0A6H. To read/write the P8 register, one
can use the "MOV direct" instruction or "read-modify-write" instructions.
[Example]: MOV
0A6H, A
; Output data via Port 8.
MOV
A, 0A6H
; Input data via Port 8.
Additional External Interrupt
The W78C438C provides two additional external interrupts, INT2 and INT3 , whose functions are
similar to those of external interrupts 0 and 1 in the W78C32. The functions (or the status) of these
interrupts are determined by (or shown by) the bits in the XICON (External Interrupt Control) register.
For details, see Table 2. The XICON register is bit-addressable but is not a standard register in the
standard 80C32. Its address is at 0C0H. To set/clear the bit of the XICON register, one can use the
"SETB(CLR) bit" instruction. For example, "SETB 0C2H" sets the EX2 bit of XICON. The interrupt
vector addresses and the priority polling sequence within the same level are shown in Table 3.
[Example].
SETB
0C0H
; INT2 is falling-edge triggered.
SETB
0C3H
; INT2 is high-priority.
SETB
0C2H
; Enable INT2 .
CLR
0C4H
; INT3 is low-level triggered.
-8-
W78C438C
BIT
ADDR.
NAME
7
0C7H
PX3
FUNCTION
High/low priority level for INT3 is specified when this bit is set/cleared by software.
6
0C6H
EX3
Enable/disable interrupt from INT3 when this bit is set/cleared by software.
5
0C5H
IE3
If IT3 is "1," IE3 is set/cleared automatically by hardware when interrupt is
detected/serviced.
4
0C4H
IT3
INT3 is falling-edge/low-level triggered when this bit is set/cleared by software.
3
0C3H
PX2
High/low priority level for INT2 is specified when this bit is set/cleared by software.
2
0C2H
EX2
Enable/disable interrupt from INT2 when this bit is set/cleared by software.
1
0C1H
IE2
If IT2 is "1," IE2 is set/cleared automatically by hardware when interrupt is
detected/serviced.
0
0C0H
IT2
INT2 is falling-edge/low-level triggered when this bit is set/cleared by software.
Table 2. Functions of XICON Register
VECTOR ADDRESS
PRIORITY SEQUENCE
External Interrupt 0
INTERRUPT SOURCE
03H
0 (Highest)
Timer/Counter 0
0BH
1
External Interrupt 1
13H
2
Timer/Counter 1
1BH
3
Serial Port
23H
4
Timer/Counter 2
2BH
5
External Interrupt 2
33H
6
External Interrupt 3
3BH
7 (Lowest)
Table 3. Priority of Interrupts
Newly Added Special Function Registers
The W78C438C uses four newly defined special function registers, which are described in Table 4. To
read/write these registers, use the "MOV direct" or "read-modify-write" instructions.
REGISTER
ADDR.
FUNCTION
LENGTH
R/W
TYPE
VALUE
AFTER
RESET
1
HB
A1H
During the execution of "MOVX @Ri," the content of HB is output to
AP6.
8
R/W
00H
2
EPMA
A2H
EPMA.7 determines functions of AP7.
EPMA.3−EPMA.0 determine values of AP7<3:0> when EPMA.7 is
"0."
8
R/W
70H
3
P8
A6H
The content of P8 is output to port 8.
8
R/W
0FFH
4
XICON
C0H
The bits of XICON determine/show the functions/status of INT2 −
8
R/W
00H
INT3 . Bit-addressable.
Table 4. Newly Added Special Function Registers of the W78C438C
-9-
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
Notes:
1. The instructions used to access these nonstandard registers may cause assembling errors with respect to the 2500 A. D.
assembler, but these errors can be ignored by adding directive ".RAMCHK OFF" ahead these instructions.
2. In the newly added SFR of W78C438C, only XICON register is bit-addressable.
Power Reduction Function
The W78C438C supports power reduction just as the W78C32 does. The following table shows the
status of the external pins during the idle and power-down modes.
FUNCTION
ALE, PSEN
P0−P3, P8
DP4
AP5, AP6
AP7
Idle
1 1
Port Data
Floating
Address
Note
Power Down
0 0
Port Data
Floating
Address
Note
Note: AP7 is either 0 or a value decoded by AP6<7:6>, depending on the value of EPMA.7.
Programming Difference
The W78C438C is programmed in the same way as the W78C32, except that the external data RAM
is accessed by a "MOVX @Ri" instruction. To support address paging, there is an additional 8-bit SFR
"HB" (high byte), which is a nonstandard register, at address 0A1H. During execution of the "MOVX
@Ri" instruction, the contents of HB are output to AP6. The page address is modified by loading the
HB register with a new value before execution of the "MOVX @Ri" instruction. To read/write the HB
register, one can use the "MOV direct" instruction or "read-modify-write" instructions. The HB register
does not support bit-addressable instructions.
[Example].
MOV
R1, #0H
; R1 = 0.
MOV
0A1H, #0FFH ; HB contents FFH.
MOVX
A, @R1
; Read the contents of external RAM location FF00H into
; Accumulator.
MOV
0A1H, #12H
; HB contents 12H.
MOVX
@R1, A
; Copies the contents of Accumulator into external RAM
; location 1200H.
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
MIN.
MAX.
UNIT
VDD−VSS
-0.3
+7.0
V
VIN
VSS -0.3
VDD +0.3
V
Operating Temperature
TOPR
0
70
°C
Storage Temperature
TSTG
-55
+150
°C
DC Power Supply
Input Voltage
Note: Exposure to conditions beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may adversely affect the life and reliability of the
device.
- 10 -
W78C438C
DC CHARACTERISTICS
VDD−VSS = 5V ±10%, TA = 25° C, FOSC = 20 MHz, unless otherwise specified.
PARAMETER
SYM.
Oper. Voltage
VDD
Oper. Current
IDD
Idle Current
IIDLE
Pwdn Current
IPWDN
Input Leakage
Current
ILK1
Input Leakage
Current
ILK2
Input Leakage
Current
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
UNIT
4.5
5
5.5
V
* No load
-
-
20
mA
Program idle mode
-
-
7
mA
Program power-down mode
-
-
50
µA
-300
-
+10
µA
-10
-
+300
µA
INT2 , INT3
Internal pull-high
Notes 1, 2
RESET
Internal pull-low
Notes 1, 2
ILK3
EA , Port 0, DP4
Note 1
-10
-
+10
µA
Input Leakage
Current
ILK4
P1, P2, P3, P8
Note 1
-50
-
+10
µA
Output Low Voltage
VOL1
IOL1 = 2 mA
-
-
0.45
V
Output High Voltage
VOH1
IOH1 = -100 µA (Port 1, 2, 3, 8)
2.4
-
-
V
Output Low Voltage
VOL2
IOL2 = 4mA
(ALE, PSEN, P0, DP4)
Note 3
-
-
0.45
V
Output High Voltage
VOH2
IOH2 = -400 µA
(ALE, PSEN, P0, DP4)
Note 3
2.4
-
-
V
Output Low Voltage
VOL3
IOL2 = 2 mA
-
-
0.45
V
Output High Voltage
VOH3
IOH2 = -100 µA (AP5, AP6, AP7)
2.4
-
-
V
Input Voltage
VILT
VDD = 5V ±10%
0
-
0.8
V
Input Voltage
VIHT
VDD = 5V ±10%
2.4
-
Note 4
V
Input Voltage
VILC
VDD = 5V ±10%, XTAL1
Note 5
0
-
0.8
V
Input Voltage
VIHC
VDD = 5V ±10%, XTAL1
Note 5
3.5
-
Note 4
V
Input Voltage
VILR
VDD = 5V ±10%, RESET
Note 5
0
-
0.8
V
Input Voltage
VIHR
VDD = 5V ±10%, RESET
Note 5
2.4
-
Note 4
V
(Port 1, 2, 3, 8)
(AP5, AP6, AP7)
Notes:
1. 0 < VIN < VDD, for INT2 , INT3 , RESET, EA , Port 0, DP4, P1, P2, P3 and P8 inputs in leakage.
2. Using an internal pull low/high resistor (approx. 30K).
3. ALE, PSEN , P0 and DP4 in external program or data access mode.
4. The maximum input voltage is VDD +0.2V.
5. XTAL1 is a CMOS input and RESET is a Schmitt trigger input.
- 11 -
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
AC CHARACTERISTICS
AC specifications are a function of the particular process used to manufacture the product, the ratings
of the I/O buffers, the capacitive load, and the internal routing capacitance. Most of the specifications
can be expressed in terms of multiple input clock periods (TCP), and actual parts will usually
experience less than a ±20 nS variation.
Clock Input Waveform
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
UNIT
NOTES
Operating Speed
FOP
0
-
40
MHz
1
Clock Period
TCP
25
-
-
nS
2
Clock High
TCH
10
-
-
nS
3
Clock Low
TCL
10
-
-
nS
3
Notes:
1. The clock may be stopped indefinitely in either state.
2. The TCP specification is used as a reference in other specifications.
3. There are no duty cycle requirements on the XTAL1 input.
Program Fetch Cycle
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
UNIT
Address Valid to PSEN Low
TAPL
2 TCP
-
-
nS
PSEN Low to Data Valid
TPDV
-
-
2 TCP
nS
SYMBOL
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
UNIT
Address Valid to RD Low
TARL
4 TCP
-
4 TCP +∆
nS
RD Low to Data Valid
TRDV
-
-
4 TCP
nS
Data Hold After RD High
TRDQ
0
-
2 TCP
nS
TRS
6 TCP -∆
6 TCP
-
nS
Address Valid to WR Low
TAWL
4 TCP
-
4 TCP +∆
nS
Data Valid to WR Low
TDWL
1 TCP
-
-
nS
Data Hold After WR High
TWDQ
1 TCP
-
-
nS
TWS
6 TCP -∆
6 TCP
-
nS
Data Memory Read/Write Cycle
PARAMETER
RD Pulse Width
WR Pulse Width
Note: "∆" (due to buffer driving delay and wire loading) is 20 nS.
- 12 -
W78C438C
TIMING WAVEFORMS
Program Fetch Cycle
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S10
S11
S12
S1
S2
S3
XTAL1
PSEN
TAPL
AP6<7:0>
AP5<7:0>
address
TPDV
DP4<7:0>
code
address
Data Memory Read/Write Cycle
S4
S5
S6
S7
S8
S9
XTAL1
PSEN
AP7<3:0>
addr <19:16> out
(When bit7 of EPMA is 0.)
AP6<7:0>
DPH or HB SFR out
PGM address
AP5<7:0>
DPL or Ri out
PGM address
TARL
TRS
RD
TRDQ
TRDV
DP4<7:0>
addr.
WR
data
addr.
TWS
TAWL
DP4<7:0>
addr.
DATA OUT
TDWL
TWDQ
- 13 -
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS
Using 128K × 8 bit External EPROM (W27E010)
1 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
0
1
2
5V
10 U
8.2 K
N P P
C 1 1
. .
4 3
NC
NC
NC
NC
P
1
.
2
P
1
.
1
P
1
.
0
D
P
4
.
7
D
P
4
.
6
D
P
4
.
5
D
P
4
.
4
D
P
4
.
2
D
P
4
.
3
D
P
4
.
1
D V P P
P D 0 0
4 D . .
0 1
.
0
P N
0 C
.
3
NC
NC
NC
NC
P0.4
P
0
.
2
3
4
5 P1.5
6 P1.6
7 P1.7
8 RESET
9 P8.0
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
EA
AP5.0
AP5.1
AP5.2
AP5.3
P8.1
P8.2
P8.3
P8.4
P8.5
P8.6
P8.7
AP5.4
AP5.5
W78C438C
AP5.6
AP5.7
VDD
VSS
ALE
17 INT3
18 INT2
19 P3.0, RXD
20 VDD
21 P3.1, TXD
22 P3.2, INT0
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
PSEN
P2.7
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
P3.3, INT1
P3.4, T0
P3.5, T1
P3.6, WR
NC
NC
NC
NC
P
3
.
7 X X
, T T
/ A A V
R L L S
D 2 1 S
3 3 3 3
1 2 3 4
A
P
7
.
3
,
/
C
N S
C 3
3 3
5 6
A
P
7
.
2
,
/
C
S
2
A
P
7
.
1
,
/
C
S
1
A
P
7
.
0
,
/
C
S
0
A
P
6
.
7
3 3 3 4
7 8 9 0
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
NC
NC
NC
NC
P2.3 51
A
P
6
.
6
4
1
A
P
6
.
5
A
P
6
.
4
4 4
2 3
A
P
6
.
3
4
4
A
P
6
.
2
4
5
A
P
6
.
1
4
6
A
P
6
.
0
P
2
.
0
4 4
7 8
P
2
.
1
4
9
P
2
.
2
5
0
R
C1
C2
Figure A
- 14 -
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
27
26
23
25
4
28
29
3
2
GND
22
24
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
A16
O0
O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
O6
O7
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
W27E010
Vpp
Vcc
PGM
1
32
31
CE
OE
Vss
16
W78C438C
CRYSTAL
C1
C2
R
16 MHz
30P
30P
−
24 MHz
15P
15P
−
33 MHz
10P
10P
6.8K
40 MHz
5P
5P
6.8K
Above table shows the reference values for crystal applications.
Notes:
1. For C1, C2, R components refer to Figure A.
2. It is recommended that the crystals be replaced with oscillators for applications above 35 MHz.
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
84-pin PLCC
HD
D
1 84
11
75
12
74
Symbol
E
E HE
54
32
33
53
Dimension in mm
Min. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.
0.185
4.70
0.020
0.51
0.143 0.148 0.153
0.026 0.028 0.032
3.63
3.76
3.89
0.66
0.71
0.81
0.016 0.018 0.022
0.41
0.46
0.56
0.006 0.008 0.012
0.15
0.20
0.30
1.148 1.153 1.158 29.17 29.29 29.41
1.148 1.153 1.158 29.17 29.29 29.41
0.044 0.050 0.056 1.12
1.27
1.42
1.095 1.115 1.135 27.81 28.32 28.83
1.095 1.115 1.135 27.81 28.32 28.83
1.180 1.190 1.200 29.98 30.23 30.48
1.180 1.190 1.200 29.98 30.23 30.48
0.090 0.100 0.110 2.29 2.54 2.79
0.004
0
10
0.10
0
10
Notes:
1. Dimension D & E do not include interlead
flash.
2. Dimension b1 does not include dambar
protrusion/intrusion.
3. Controlling dimension: Inches
4. General appearance spec. should be based
on final visual inspection spec.
A2 A
e
A
A1
A2
b1
b
c
D
E
e
GD
GE
HD
HE
L
y
θ
Dimension in inches
b
A
Seating Plane
y
GD
- 15 -
Publication Release Date: July 1998
Revision A1
W78C438C
Package Dimensions, continued
100-pin QFP
HD
D
100
81
Symbol
80
1
A
A1
A2
b
c
D
E
e
HD
HE
L
L1
y
θ
E HE
51
30
31
e
b
50
Dimension in mm
Min. Nom.
0.004
Max.
3.30
0.130
0.10
0.107
0.112
0.117
2.718
2.845
2.972
0.010
0.012
0.016
0.254
0.305
0.407
0.004
0.006
0.010
0.101
0.152
0.254
0.546
0.551
0.556
13.87
14.00
14.13
0.782
0.787
0.792
19.87
20.00
20.13
0.020
0.026
0.032
0.498
0.65
0.802
0.728
0.740
0.752
18.49
18.80
19.10
0.964
0.976
0.988
24.49
24.80
25.10
0.039
0.047
0.055
0.991
1.194
1.397
0.087
0.095
0.103
2.21
2.413
0.004
0
12
2.616
0.102
0
12
θ
A1
L
y
L
Headquarters
Max.
1. Dimension D & E do not include interlead
flash.
2. Dimension b does not include dambar
protrusion/intrusion.
3. Controlling dimension: Millimeters
4. General appearance spec. should be based
on final visual inspection spec.
A2 A
See Detail F
Min. Nom.
Notes:
c
Seating Plane
Dimension in inches
1
Detail F
Winbond Electronics (H.K.) Ltd.
Rm. 803, World Trade Square, Tower II,
No. 4, Creation Rd. III,
123 Hoi Bun Rd., Kwun Tong,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Kowloon, Hong Kong
Hsinchu, Taiwan
TEL: 852-27513100
TEL: 886-3-5770066
FAX: 852-27552064
FAX: 886-3-5792766
http://www.winbond.com.tw/
Voice & Fax-on-demand: 886-2-27197006
Taipei Office
11F, No. 115, Sec. 3, Min-Sheng East Rd.,
Taipei, Taiwan
TEL: 886-2-27190505
FAX: 886-2-27197502
Note: All data and specifications are subject to change without notice.
- 16 -
Winbond Electronics North America Corp.
Winbond Memory Lab.
Winbond Microelectronics Corp.
Winbond Systems Lab.
2727 N. First Street, San Jose,
CA 95134, U.S.A.
TEL: 408-9436666
FAX: 408-5441798