3 nV/√Hz Ultralow Distortion, High Speed Op Amp AD8045 FEATURES APPLICATIONS Ultralow distortion SFDR −101 dBc @ 5 MHz −90 dBc @ 20 MHz −63 dBc @ 70 MHz Third-order intercept 43 dBm @ 10 MHz Low noise 3 nV/√Hz 3 pA/√Hz High speed 1 GHz, −3 dB bandwidth (G = +1) 1350 V/µs slew rate 7.5 ns settling time to 0.1% Standard and low distortion pinout Supply current: 15 mA Offset voltage: 1.0 mV max Wide supply voltage range: 3.3 V to 12 V Instrumentation IF and baseband amplifiers Active filters ADC drivers DAC buffers CONNECTION DIAGRAMS 1 8 +VS 2 7 OUTPUT –IN 3 6 NC +IN 4 5 –VS 04814-0-001 NC FEEDBACK FEEDBACK 1 8 NC –IN 2 7 + VS +IN 3 6 OUTPUT –VS 4 5 NC 04814-0-001 Figure 1. 8-Lead AD8045 LFCSP (CP-8) Figure 2. 8-Lead AD8045 SOIC/EP (RD-8) GENERAL DESCRIPTION The AD8045 features a low distortion pinout for the LFCSP, which improves second harmonic distortion and simplifies the layout of the circuit board. The AD8045 has 1 GHz bandwidth, 1350 V/µs slew rate, and settles to 0.1% in 7.5 ns. With a wide supply voltage range (3.3 V to 12 V) and low offset voltage (200 µV), the AD8045 is an ideal candidate for systems that require high dynamic range, precision, and high speed. The AD8045 amplifier is available in a 3 mm × 3 mm LFCSP and the standard 8-lead SOIC. Both packages feature an exposed paddle that provides a low thermal resistance path to the PCB. This enables more efficient heat transfer, and increases reliability. The AD8045 works over the extended industrial temperature range (−40°C to +125°C). –20 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) The AD8045 is a unity gain stable voltage feedback amplifier with ultralow distortion, low noise, and high slew rate. With a spurious-free dynamic range of −90 dBc @ 20 MHz, the AD8045 is an ideal solution in a variety of applications, including ultrasound, ATE, active filters, and ADC drivers. ADI’s proprietary next generation XFCB process and innovative architecture enables such high performance amplifiers. G = +1 –30 VS = ±5V VOUT = 2V p-p –40 RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω –50 –60 –70 –80 HD3 LFCSP –90 HD2 LFCSP –100 –120 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 04814-0-079 –110 Figure 3. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages Rev. A Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.326.8703 © 2004 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. AD8045 TABLE OF CONTENTS Specifications with ±5 V Supply ..................................................... 3 Applications..................................................................................... 19 Specifications with +5 V Supply ..................................................... 4 Low Distortion Pinout............................................................... 19 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 High Speed ADC Driver ........................................................... 19 Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 5 90 MHz Active Low-Pass Filter (LPF) ..................................... 20 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 5 Printed Circuit Board Layout ....................................................... 22 Pin Configurations and Function Descriptions ........................... 6 Signal Routing............................................................................. 22 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 7 Power Supply Bypassing ............................................................ 22 Circuit Configurations................................................................... 16 Grounding ................................................................................... 22 Wideband Operation ................................................................. 16 Exposed Paddle........................................................................... 23 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 17 Driving Capacitive Loads.......................................................... 23 Frequency Response................................................................... 17 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 24 DC Errors .................................................................................... 17 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 24 Output Noise............................................................................... 18 REVISION HISTORY 9/04—Data Sheet Changed from Rev. 0 to Rev. A Changes to Features......................................................................... 1 Changes to Specifications ............................................................... 4 Changes to Figure 58..................................................................... 15 Changes to Figure 63..................................................................... 17 Changes to Frequency Response Section ................................... 17 Changes to Figure 64..................................................................... 17 Changes to DC Errors Section..................................................... 17 Changes to Figure 65..................................................................... 17 Changes to Figure 66..................................................................... 18 Changes to Output Noise Section ............................................... 18 Changes to Ordering Guide ......................................................... 24 7/04—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. A | Page 2 of 24 AD8045 SPECIFICATIONS WITH ±5 V SUPPLY TA = 25°C, G = +1, RS = 100 Ω, RL = 1 kΩ to ground, unless noted otherwise. Exposed paddle must be floating or connected to −VS. Table 1. Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE –3 dB Bandwidth Bandwidth for 0.1 dB Flatness Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% NOISE/HARMONIC PERFORMANCE Harmonic Distortion (dBc) HD2/HD3 Input Voltage Noise Input Current Noise Differential Gain Error Differential Phase Error DC PERFORMANCE Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Drift Input Bias Offset Current Open-Loop Gain INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Input Resistance Input Capacitance Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Overdrive Recovery Time Output Voltage Swing Output Current Short-Circuit Current Capacitive Load Drive POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current Positive Power Supply Rejection Negative Power Supply Rejection Conditions Min G = +1, VOUT = 0.2 V p-p G = +1, VOUT = 2 V p-p G = +2, VOUT = 0.2 V p-p G = +2, VOUT = 2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +1, VOUT = 4 V step G = +2, VOUT = 2 V step 300 320 1000 fC = 5 MHz, VOUT = 2 V p-p LFCSP SOIC fC = 20 MHz, VOUT = 2 V p-p LFCSP SOIC fC = 70 MHz, VOUT = 2 V p-p LFCSP SOIC f = 100 kHz f = 100 kHz NTSC, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω NTSC, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω Typ Max Unit 1000 350 400 55 1350 7.5 MHz MHz MHz V/µs ns −102/−101 −106/−101 dBc dBc −98/−90 −97/−90 dBc dBc −71/−71 −60/−71 3 3 0.01 0.01 dBc dBc nV/√Hz pA/√Hz % Degrees 62 0.2 8 2 8 0.2 64 VCM = ±1 V −83 3.6/1.0 1.3 ±3.8 −91 MΩ pF V dB VIN = ±3 V, G = +2 RL = 1 kΩ RL = 100 Ω −3.8 to +3.8 −3.4 to +3.5 8 −3.9 to +3.9 −3.6 to +3.6 70 90/170 18 ns V V mA mA pF See Figure 54 VOUT = −3 V to +3 V Common-mode/differential Common-mode Sinking/sourcing 30% overshoot, G = +2 ±1.65 +VS = +5 V to +6 V, −VS = −5 V +VS = +5 V, −VS = −5 V to −6 V Rev. A | Page 3 of 24 −61 −66 ±5 16 −68 −73 1.0 6.3 1.3 ±6 19 mV µV/°C µA nA/°C µA dB V mA dB dB AD8045 SPECIFICATIONS WITH +5 V SUPPLY TA = 25°C, G = +1, RS = 100 Ω, RL = 1 kΩ to midsupply, unless otherwise noted. Exposed paddle must be floating or connected to −VS. Table 2. Parameter DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE –3 dB Bandwidth Bandwidth for 0.1 dB Flatness Slew Rate Settling Time to 0.1% NOISE/HARMONIC PERFORMANCE Harmonic Distortion (dBc) HD2/HD3 Input Voltage Noise Input Current Noise Differential Gain Error Differential Phase Error DC PERFORMANCE Input Offset Voltage Input Offset Voltage Drift Input Bias Current Input Bias Current Drift Input Bias Offset Current Open-Loop Gain INPUT CHARACTERISTICS Input Resistance Input Capacitance Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS Output Overdrive Recovery Time Output Voltage Swing Output Current Short-Circuit Current Capacitive Load Drive POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Quiescent Current Positive Power Supply Rejection Negative Power Supply Rejection Conditions G = +1, VOUT = 0.2 V p-p G = +1, VOUT = 2 V p-p G = +2, VOUT = 0.2 V p-p G = +2, VOUT = 2 V p-p, RL = 150 Ω G = +1, VOUT = 2 V step G = +2, VOUT = 2 V step Min 160 320 480 fC = 5 MHz, VOUT = 2 V p-p LFCSP SOIC fC = 20 MHz, VOUT = 2 V p-p LFCSP SOIC fC = 70 MHz, VOUT = 2 V p-p LFCSP SOIC f = 100 kHz f = 100 kHz NTSC, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω NTSC, G = +2, RL = 150 Ω Typ Max Unit 900 200 395 60 1060 10 MHz MHz MHz MHz V/µs ns −89/−83 −92/−83 dBc dBc −81/−70 −83/−70 dBc dBc −57/−46 −57/−46 3 3 0.01 0.01 dBc dBc nV/√Hz pA/√Hz % Degrees 61 0.5 7 2 7 0.2 63 VCM = 2 V to 3 V −78 3/0.9 1.3 1.2 to 3.8 −94 MΩ pF V dB VIN = −0.5 V to +3 V, G = +2 RL = 1 kΩ RL = 100 Ω 2.2 to 3.7 2.5 to 3.5 10 1.1 to 4.0 1.2 to 3.8 55 70/140 15 ns V V mA mA pF See Figure 54 VOUT = 2 V to 3 V Common-mode/differential Common-mode Sinking/sourcing 30% overshoot, G = +2 3.3 +VS = +5 V to +6 V, −VS = 0 V +VS = +5 V, −VS = 0 V to −1 V Rev. A | Page 4 of 24 −65 −70 5 15 −67 −73 1.4 6.6 1.3 12 18 mV µV/°C µA nA/°C µA dB V mA dB dB AD8045 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 3. Rating 12.6 V See Figure 4 −VS − 0.7 V to +VS + 0.7 V ±VS −VS −65°C to +125°C −40°C to +125°C 300°C 150°C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. THERMAL RESISTANCE θJA is specified for the worst-case conditions, i.e., θJA is specified for device soldered in circuit board for surface-mount packages. Table 4. Thermal Resistance θJA 80 93 θJC 30 35 Unit °C/W °C/W PD = Quiescent Power + (Total Drive Power – Load Power) ⎛V V PD = (VS × I S ) + ⎜⎜ S × OUT RL ⎝ 2 ⎞ VOUT 2 ⎟– ⎟ RL ⎠ RMS output voltages should be considered. If RL is referenced to −VS, as in single-supply operation, the total drive power is VS × IOUT. If the rms signal levels are indeterminate, consider the worst case, when VOUT = VS/4 for RL to midsupply. PD = (VS × I S ) + (VS / 4 )2 RL In single-supply operation with RL referenced to −VS, worst case is VOUT = VS/2. Airflow increases heat dissipation, effectively reducing θJA. Also, more metal directly in contact with the package leads and exposed paddle from metal traces, through holes, ground, and power planes reduce θJA. Figure 4 shows the maximum safe power dissipation in the package versus the ambient temperature for the exposed paddle SOIC (80°C/W) and LFCSP (93°C/W) package on a JEDEC standard 4-layer board. θJA values are approximations. Maximum Power Dissipation The maximum safe power dissipation for the AD8045 is limited by the associated rise in junction temperature (TJ) on the die. At approximately 150°C, which is the glass transition temperature, the properties of the plastic change. Even temporarily exceeding this temperature limit may change the stresses that the package exerts on the die, permanently shifting the parametric performance of the AD8045. Exceeding a junction temperature of 175°C for an extended period of time can result in changes in silicon devices, potentially causing degradation or loss of functionality. 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 SOIC 1.0 LFCSP 0.5 0.0 –40 –20 0 20 40 60 80 AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 120 04814-0-080 Package Type SOIC LFCSP The power dissipated in the package (PD) is the sum of the quiescent power dissipation and the power dissipated in the die due to the AD8045 drive at the output. The quiescent power is the voltage between the supply pins (VS) times the quiescent current (IS). MAXIMUM POWER DISSIPATION (Watts) Parameter Supply Voltage Power Dissipation Common-Mode Input Voltage Differential Input Voltage Exposed Paddle Voltage Storage Temperature Operating Temperature Range Lead Temperature Range (Soldering 10 sec) Junction Temperature Figure 4. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Temperature for a 4-Layer Board ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although this product features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation and loss of functionality. Rev. A | Page 5 of 24 AD8045 AD8045 +VS 7 OUTPUT 6 NC 5 1 FEEDBACK 2 –IN 3 BOTTOM VIEW (Not to Scale) 4 +IN –VS NC = NO CONNECT 04814-0-003 NC 8 +VS 8 OUTPUT 7 NC 6 –VS 5 BOTTOM VIEW (Not to Scale) 1 NC 2 FEEDBACK 3 –IN 4 +IN NC = NO CONNECT Figure 5. SOIC Pin Configuration 04814-0-004 PIN CONFIGURATIONS AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS Figure 6 . 8-Lead LFCSP Pin Configuration Note: The exposed paddle must be connected to −VS or it must be electrically isolated (floating). Table 5. 8-Lead SOIC Pin Function Descriptions Table 6. 8-Lead LFCSP Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Mnemonic FEEDBACK −IN +IN −VS NC OUTPUT +VS NC Exposed Paddle Description Feedback Pin Inverting Input Noninverting Input Negative Supply NC Output Positive Supply NC Must Be Connected to −VS or Electrically Isolated Rev. A | Page 6 of 24 Mnemonic NC FEEDBACK −IN +IN −VS NC OUTPUT +VS Exposed Paddle Description No Connect Feedback Pin Inverting Input Noninverting Input Negative Supply No Connect Output Positive Supply Must Be Connected to −VS or Electrically Isolated AD8045 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 12 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ 0 G = +2 11 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ 10 R = 499Ω F G = +2 CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) –1 –2 G = –1 G = +10 –3 –4 –5 8 7 6 5 5pF 4 0pF 3 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 Figure 7. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various Gains 0 10 4 G = +1 3 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ RL = 1kΩ 2 CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) RL = 500Ω 1 0 RL = 100Ω –2 –3 –4 1000 –4 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 Figure 11. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various Temperatures 6.3 G = +2 VS = ±5V RF = 499Ω 6.2 R = 150Ω L VS = ±2.5V CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 2 +125°C –3 –6 10 5 3 –40°C –2 +25°C 04814-0-050 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 8. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various Loads G = +1 4 RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω 0 –1 –5 –5 –6 10 1 04814-0-052 –1 1000 Figure 10. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various Capacitive Loads 4 G = +1 3 VS = ±5V RS = 100Ω 2 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 04814-0-048 1 1 VS = ±5V 1 0 –1 –2 –3 6.1 VOUT = 2V p-p 6.0 VOUT = 200mV p-p 5.9 5.8 –5 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 04814-0-051 –4 Figure 9. Small Signal Frequency Response for Various Supplies 5.7 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 Figure 12. 0.1 dB Flatness vs. Frequency for Various Output Voltages Rev. A | Page 7 of 24 04814-0-039 CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 9 2 –7 CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 18pF 10pF –6 04814-0-049 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 1 AD8045 0 –1 VS = ±5V –2 –3 –4 VS = ±2.5V –5 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ 60 OPEN-LOOP GAIN (dB) CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 70 G = +1 RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω VOUT = 2V p-p 1 –6 –7 0 –45 50 –90 40 –135 30 –180 20 –225 10 –270 0 –315 –8 OPEN-LOOP PHASE (Degrees) 2 –10 0.01 Figure 13. Large Signal Frequency Response for Various Supplies 2 –1 RL = 1kΩ –2 –3 –4 RL = 100Ω –5 –6 –7 –8 1000 04814-0-042 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) –60 –70 –80 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –90 HD2 LFCSP –100 HD2 SOIC 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 Figure 17. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages 2 –30 G = +2 1 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) 0 –1 –2 G = +10 G = –1 –3 –4 –5 G = +1 V = ±5V –40 VS = 4V p-p OUT RL = 1kΩ –50 HD2 SOIC HD2 LFCSP –60 –70 HD3 LFCSP AND SOIC –80 –90 –100 –110 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 04814-0-041 NORMALIZED CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 1000 –50 –120 0.1 Figure 14. Large Signal Frequency Response for Various Loads –6 V = ±5V S RF = 499Ω –7 R = 1kΩ L VOUT = 2V p-p –8 1 100 G = +1 –30 VS = ±5V VOUT = 2V p-p –40 RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω –110 –9 –10 10 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) –20 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) CLOSED-LOOP GAIN (dB) 0 –360 0.1 Figure 16. Open-Loop Gain and Phase vs. Frequency G = +1 VS = ±5V RS = 100Ω VOUT = 2V p-p 1 04814-0-064 1000 04814-0-030 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 15. Large Signal Frequency Response for Various Gains –120 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 Figure 18. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages Rev. A | Page 8 of 24 04814-0-028 –10 10 04814-0-043 –9 AD8045 –30 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) G = +1 V = ±5V –30 S VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 100Ω –40 RS = 100Ω –50 –60 –70 HD2 SOIC –80 –90 HD2 LFCSP 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 –40 G = +10 VS = ±5V V –50 OUT = 2V p-p RL = 1kΩ HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –110 0.1 –50 –60 –70 –80 HD2 –90 HD3 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 04814-0-036 1 HD2 SOIC –60 HD2 LFCSP –70 –80 –90 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –100 –100 –110 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 Figure 23. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages Figure 20. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages –30 –50 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) G = –1 VS = ±5V –40 RL = 150Ω VOUT = 2V p-p –50 HD2 LFCSP –60 HD2 SOIC –80 –90 G = +1 VS = ±5V –60 RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω f = 10MHz –70 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –80 –90 –100 HD2 SOIC –110 –100 HD2 LFCSP HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 Figure 21. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages 04814-0-037 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) HD2 LFCSP –90 Figure 22. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages G = –1 V = ±5V –30 S VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 1kΩ –40 SOIC AND LFCSP –110 0.1 –80 04814-0-033 1 –20 –70 HD2 SOIC –70 –100 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP Figure 19. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages –110 0.1 –60 04814-0-034 –110 0.1 G = +2 VS = ±5V –40 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 150Ω R = 499Ω –50 F –120 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (V p-p) 7 8 04814-0-025 –100 04814-0-032 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) –20 Figure 24. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage for Various Packages Rev. A | Page 9 of 24 –40 –30 G = +1 VS = ±5V R –50 L = 150Ω RS = 100Ω f = 10MHz –60 G = +1 VS = ±2.5 –40 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω –50 HD2 LFCSP –70 HD2 SOIC –80 –90 –100 –60 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –70 –80 HD2 LFCSP –90 HD2 SOIC –110 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 OUTPUT AMPLITUDE (V p-p) 7 8 04814-0-024 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –100 1 Figure 25. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage for Various Packages –20 G = –1 VS = ±5V –50 RL = 1kΩ f = 10MHz SOIC AND LFCSP –60 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) –70 –80 HD2 –90 HD3 –100 G = +1 VS = ±2.5V –30 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 100Ω –40 RS = 100Ω –50 –60 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –70 –80 HD2 LFCSP 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) 7 8 HD2 SOIC 04814-0-026 –120 –100 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 04814-0-031 –90 –110 Figure 29. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages Figure 26. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage –20 –40 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) G = –1 VS = ±5V –50 R = 150Ω L f = 10MHz –60 –70 HD2 SOIC HD2 LFCSP –80 –90 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –100 G = –1 VS = ±2.5V –30 VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 1kΩ SOIC AND LFCSP –40 –50 –60 HD3 –70 –80 HD2 –90 –120 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) 7 8 04814-0-027 –110 –100 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 Figure 30. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages Figure 27. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage Rev. A | Page 10 of 24 04814-0-035 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) 100 Figure 28. Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency for Various Packages –40 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 04814-0-029 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) AD8045 AD8045 –40 0.15 –50 –60 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) RS = 100Ω RL = 150Ω G = +1 0.10 V = ±2.5 S OR VS = ±5V G = +1 VS = +5V RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω f = 10MHz HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –70 –80 –90 HD2 SOIC 0.05 0 –0.05 –0.10 –100 1.0 1.5 2.0 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) 2.5 3.0 Figure 31. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage for Various Packages –0.15 0 10 15 20 25 TIME (ns) Figure 34. Small Signal Transient Response for Various Supplies and Loads –40 0.15 RL = 1kΩ CL = 10pF RSNUB = 30Ω 0.10 V = ±5V S G = +1 –70 HD3 SOIC AND LFCSP –80 –90 0.05 0 –0.05 RSNUB 30Ω –0.10 –100 –110 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) 2.1 2.3 2.5 Figure 32. Harmonic Distortion vs. Output Voltage for Various Packages 1600 1400 RL 1kΩ –0.15 0 5 10 15 20 25 TIME (ns) Figure 35. Small Signal Transient Response for Various Supplies and Loads 0.15 POSITIVE SLEW RATE RL = 1kΩ VS = ±5V CL 10pF HD2 LFCSP 04814-0-023 HD2 SOIC 04814-0-013 G = +1 VS = +5V –50 RL = 150Ω RS = 100Ω f = 10MHz –60 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) 5 04814-0-012 –110 0.5 04814-0-022 HD2 LFCSP VS = ±2.5V G = +2 RC = 1kΩ OR RC = 150kΩ 0.10 1200 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 800 600 400 0.05 0 –0.05 –0.10 0 0 1 2 3 OUTPUT VOLTAGE STEP (V) 4 5 Figure 33. Slew Rate vs. Output Voltage –0.15 0 5 10 15 20 25 TIME (ns) Figure 36. Small Signal Transient Response for Various Loads Rev. A | Page 11 of 24 04814-0-014 200 04814-0-076 SLEW RATE (V/µs) NEGATIVE SLEW RATE 1000 AD8045 3 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ G = +2 18pF 0.15 2 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0pF 0.05 0 –0.05 –0.10 –0.15 G = +2 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ –0.20 0 5 10 15 20 25 TIME (ns) 0pF –2 10pF 18pF 25 1 0 –1 5 10 15 20 25 TIME (ns) G = –1 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ –3 0 5 10 20 25 200 TIME (ns) Figure 38. Large Signal Transient Response for Various Loads Figure 41. Large Signal Transient Response, Inverting 6 RL = 1kΩ RS = 100Ω G = +1 15 04814-0-019 –3 04814-0-016 –2 04814-0-061 –1 –2 INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) VS = ±5V 1 VS = ±2.5V 0 –1 –2 G = +1 5 VS = ±5V f = 5MHz 4 INPUT 3 OUTPUT 2 1 0 –1 –2 –3 –4 –5 –3 0 5 10 15 20 25 TIME (ns) 04814-0-017 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 20 2 0 2 15 3 LOAD = 1kΩ OR 150Ω 3 10 Figure 40. Large Signal Transient Response with Capacitive Load 1 0 5 TIME (ns) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) –1 0 VS = ±5V RS = 100Ω G = +2 2 0 –4 Figure 37. Small Signal Transient Response with Capacitive Load 3 1 –3 04814-0-015 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.10 04814-0-018 0.20 Figure 39. Large Signal Transient Response for Various Supplies –6 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (ns) 140 160 Figure 42. Input Overdrive Recovery Rev. A | Page 12 of 24 180 AD8045 0 G = +2 5 VS = ±5V f = 5MHz 4 –10 3 2 VS = ±5V 2 × INPUT POWER SUPPLY REJECTION (dB) INPUT AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 6 OUTPUT 1 0 –1 –2 –3 –4 –20 –30 –PSR –40 +PSR –50 –60 –70 40 60 80 100 120 TIME (ns) 140 160 180 200 –80 0.01 Figure 43. Output Overdrive Recovery COMMON-MODE REJECTION (dB) 10 1k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 10M 100M 1G 04814-0-053 VOLTAGE NOISE (nV/ Hz) –30 100 –50 –60 –70 –80 CLOSED-LOOP INPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω) 100M 04814-0-078 CURRENT NOISE (pA/ Hz) 10 10M 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 1000 1000 Figure 47. Common-Mode Rejection vs. Frequency 100k 10k 100k 1M FREQUENCY (Hz) 1000 –40 –90 0.1 100 1k 100 VS = ±5V RF = 499Ω Figure 44. Voltage Noise vs. Frequency 1 100 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 46. Power Supply Rejection vs. Frequency 100 1 10 0.1 04814-0-020 20 04814-0-054 0 04814-0-045 –6 04814-0-062 –5 VS = ±5V G = +1 10k 1000 100 10 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 48. Input Impedance vs. Frequency Figure 45. Current Noise vs. Frequency Rev. A | Page 13 of 24 AD8045 G = +1 VS = ±5V 100 100 VS = ±5V N = 450 X = 50µV σ = 180µV 80 60 1 40 0.1 20 0.01 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 0 –900 –600 Figure 49. Output Impedance vs. Frequency G = +10 VS = ±5V RL = 1kΩ 80 46 THIRD-ORDER INTERCEPT (dBm) 0 VOFFSET (µV) 300 600 900 Figure 52. VOS Distribution for VS = ±5 V 50 48 –300 04814-0-063 COUNT 10 04814-0-055 CLOSED-LOOP OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω) 1000 44 VS = +5V N = 450 X = 540µV σ = 195µV 60 COUNT 42 40 40 38 36 20 34 10 20 FREQUENCY (MHz) 30 40 0 –300 0 Figure 50. Third-Order Intercept vs. Frequency 0 0.10 –0.14 –0.16 PHASE 0.05 OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV) –0.10 DIFFERENTIAL PHASE (Degrees) 0.15 100 0 10 –0.20 1 1500 NUMBER OF 150Ω LOADS 125 VS = +5V –100 –300 –500 VS = ±5V –700 –900 –0.18 04814-0-021 DIFFERENTIAL GAIN (%) –0.06 –0.12 1200 300 0.20 –0.08 900 500 GAIN G = +2 VS = ±5V –0.04 600 VOFFSET (µV) Figure 53. VOS Distribution for VS = +5 V 0.25 –0.02 300 04814-0-077 5 04814-0-040 30 04814-0-058 32 –1100 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 Figure 54. Offset Voltage vs. Temperature for Various Supplies Figure 51. Differential Gain and Phase vs. Number of 150 Ω Loads Rev. A | Page 14 of 24 AD8045 1.5 –1.0 –1.2 +VS – VOUT OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) –1.8 IB+, VS = ±5V –2.0 –2.2 IB–, VS = 5V –2.4 IB+, VS = 5V –2.6 –3.0 –40 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 125 VS = ±5V –0.5 –1.0 –VS – VOUT –1.5 0.1 Figure 55. Input Bias Current vs. Temperature for Various Supplies 4 RL = 1kΩ 3 2 –VS + VOUT 1.10 VOS (mV) 1 1.05 1.00 +VS – VOUT RL = 1kΩ –1 –2 –VS + VOUT +VS – VOUT 0.95 0 RL = 150Ω –3 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 125 –4 –4 Figure 56. Output Saturation Voltage vs. Temperature for Various Supplies –2 –1 0 VOUT (V) 1 2 3 4 Figure 59. Input Offset Voltage vs. Output Voltage for Various Loads 0.30 17.0 G = +2 VS = ±5V VOUT = 2V p-p RL = 150Ω RF = 499Ω 0.20 16.5 VS = ±5V SETTLING (%) 0.10 16.0 VS = 5V 15.5 15.0 0 –0.10 –0.20 –25 –10 5 20 35 50 65 TEMPERATURE (°C) 80 95 110 125 04814-0-056 14.5 –40 –3 04814-0-047 VS = 5V 04814-0-057 OUTPUT SATURATION VOLTAGE (V) 10 1.15 0.90 –40 SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 1 LOAD (kΩ) Figure 58. Output Saturation Voltage vs. Load for Various Supplies 1.20 VS = ±5V VS = +5V 0 04814-0-059 –2.8 0.5 04814-0-044 IB–, VS = ±5V –0.30 0 2.5 5.0 7.5 10.0 12.5 TIME (ns) 15.0 17.5 Figure 60. Short Term 0.1% Settling Time Figure 57. Supply Current vs. Temperature for Various Supplies Rev. A | Page 15 of 24 20.0 22.5 04814-0-046 INPUT BIAS CURRENT (µA) –1.4 –1.6 1.0 AD8045 CIRCUIT CONFIGURATIONS WIDEBAND OPERATION The resistor at the output of the amplifier, labeled RSNUB, is used only when driving large capacitive loads. Using RSNUB improves stability and minimizes ringing at the output. For more information, see the Driving Capacitive Loads section. RF +VS 10µF + RG RSNUB AD8045 VOUT 0.1µF 10µF + –VS 04814-0-074 VIN +VS 10µF + 0.1µF VIN RG RSNUB AD8045 Figure 61. Noninverting Configuration Rev. A | Page 16 of 24 VOUT 0.1µF R = RG||RF 10µF + –VS Figure 62. Inverting Configuration 0.1µF RS RF 04814-0-075 Figure 61 and Figure 62 show the recommended circuit configurations for noninverting and inverting amplifiers. In unity gain (G = +1) applications, RS helps to reduce high frequency peaking. It is not needed for any other configurations. For more information on layout, see the Printed Circuit Board Layout section. AD8045 THEORY OF OPERATION The AD8045 is a high speed voltage feedback amplifier fabricated on ADI’s second generation eXtra Fast Complementary Bipolar (XFCB) process. An H-bridge input stage is used to attain a 1400 V/µs slew rate and low distortion in addition to a low 3 nV/√Hz input voltage noise. Supply current and offset voltage are laser trimmed for optimum performance. RS + VOUT – VIN 04814-0-009 RF RG FREQUENCY RESPONSE The AD8045’s open-loop response over frequency can be approximated by the integrator response shown in Figure 63. Figure 64. Noninverting Configuration DC ERRORS Figure 65 shows the dc error contributions. The total output error voltage is VOUT VOUT/VIN (dB) VIN ⎛R +R ⎞ ⎛R +R ⎞ VOUT (ERROR)= −I B+ RS ⎜ G F ⎟ + I B− RF + VOS ⎜ G F ⎟ R G ⎠ ⎝ RG ⎠ ⎝ VOS RS fCROSSOVER IB+ fCROSSOVER = 400MHz f 10 100 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1000 RF Figure 63. Open-Loop Response RG The closed-loop transfer function for the noninverting configuration is shown in Figure 64 and is written as Figure 65. Amplifier DC Errors The voltage error due to IB+ and IB− is minimized if RS = RF||RG. To include the effects of common-mode and power supply rejection, model VOS as 2 π × f CROSSOVER × (RG + RF ) VOUT = (RF + RG )s + 2 π × f CROSSOVER × RG VIN where: VOS = VOS nom + s is (2 πj)f. fCROSSOVER is the frequency where the amplifier’s open-loop gain equals 1 (0 dB). DC gain is therefore VOUT (RG + RF ) = VIN RG Closed-loop −3 dB bandwidth equals VOUT RG = f CROSSOVER × (RG + RF ) VIN 04814-0-010 0 1 + VOUT – IB– 04814-0-008 VOUT/VIN = ∆VS ∆VCM + PSR CMR where: Vos nom is the offset voltage at nominal conditions. ΔVS is the change in the power supply voltage from nominal conditions. PSR is the power supply rejection. CMR is the common-mode rejection. ΔVCM is the change in common-mode voltage from nominal conditions. The closed-loop bandwidth is inversely proportional to the noise gain of the op amp circuit, (RF + RG)/RG. This simple model can be used to predict the −3 dB bandwidth for noise gains above +2. The actual bandwidth of circuits with noise gains at or below +2 is higher due to the influence of other poles present in the real op amp. Rev. A | Page 17 of 24 AD8045 OUTPUT NOISE Ven , IN+, and IN− are due to the amplifier. VR F , VRG , and Figure 66 shows the contributors to the noise at the output of a noninverting configuration. VR S are due to the feedback network resistors. RG and RF, and VEN RS source resistor, RS. Total output voltage noise, VOUT _ EN , is the rms sum of all the contributions. IEN+ + VOUT – VOUT _ EN = IEN– (Gn × Ven)2 + (IN + × RS × Gn )2 + (IN − × RF||RG × Gn )2 + 4kTR f + 4kTRG (Gn )2 + 4kTRS (Gn )2 VRF where: RF RG VRG Figure 66. Amplifier DC Errors 04814-0-011 VRS ⎛ RF + RG ⎞ ⎟. ⎝ RG ⎠ Gn is the noise gain ⎜ Ven is the op amp input voltage noise. IN is the op amp input current noise. Table 7 lists the expected output voltage noise spectral density for several gain configurations. Table 7. Noise and Bandwidth for Various Gains Gain +1 +2 +5 +10 −1 1 RL = 1 kΩ. Rev. A | Page 18 of 24 RF 0 499 499 499 499 RG − 499 124 56 499 RS 100 0 0 0 N/A −3 dB Bandwidth1 1 GHz 400 MHz 90 MHz 40 MHz 300 MHz Output Noise (nV/√Hz) 3.3 7.4 16.4 31 7.4 AD8045 APPLICATIONS This dc-coupled differential driver is best suited for ±5 V operation in which optimum distortion performance is required and the input signal is ground referenced. 511Ω 511Ω 33Ω VIN The traditional SOIC pinout has been slightly modified as well to incorporate a dedicated feedback pin. Pin 1, previously a no connect pin on the amplifier, is now a dedicated feedback pin. The new pinout reduces parasitics and simplifies the board layout. HIGH SPEED ADC DRIVER When used as an ADC driver, the AD8045 offers results comparable to transformers in distortion performance. Many ADC applications require that the analog input signal be dc-coupled and operate over a wide frequency range. Under these requirements, operational amplifiers are very effective interfaces to ADCs. An op amp interface provides the ability to amplify and level shift the input signal to be compatible with the input range of the ADC. Unlike transformers, operational amplifiers can be operated over a wide frequency range down to and including dc. Figure 67 shows the AD8045 as a dc-coupled differential driver for the AD9244, a 14-bit 65 MSPS ADC. The two amplifiers are configured in noninverting and inverting modes. Both amplifiers are set with a noise gain of +2 to provide better bandwidth matching. The inverting amplifier is set for a gain of –1, while the noninverting is set for a gain of +2. The noninverting input is divided by 2 in order to normalize its output and make it equal to the inverting output. 511Ω 511Ω 511Ω 511Ω VINA 20pF 33Ω 511Ω AD9244 VCML + VIN AD8045 511Ω VINB 2.5kΩ 0.1µF 100Ω CML 0.1µF 1µF OP27 Figure 67. High Speed ADC Driver The outputs of the AD8045s are centered about the AD9244’s common-mode range of 2.5 V. The common-mode reference voltage from the AD9244 is buffered and filtered via the OP27 and fed to the noninverting resistor network used in the level shifting circuit. The spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) performance is shown in Figure 68. Figure 69 shows a 50 MHz single-tone FFT performance. 120 100 AD8045 80 SFDR (dBc) Existing applications that use the traditional SOIC pinout can take full advantage of the outstanding performance offered by the AD8045. An electrical insulator may be required if the SOIC rests on the ground plane or other metal trace. This is covered in more detail in the Exposed Paddle section of this data sheet. In existing designs, which have Pin 1 tied to ground or to another potential, simply lift Pin 1 of the AD8045 or remove the potential on the Pin 1 solder pad. The designer does not need to use the dedicated feedback pin to provide feedback for the AD8045. The output pin of the AD8045 can still be used to provide feedback to the inverting input of the AD8045. VCML – VIN AD8045 04814-0-066 The AD8045 LFCSP package features Analog Devices new low distortion pinout. The new pinout provides two advantages over the traditional pinout. First, improved second harmonic distortion performance, which is accomplished by the physical separation of the noninverting input pin and the negative power supply pin. Second, the simplification of the layout due to the dedicated feedback pin and easy routing of the gain set resistor back to the inverting input pin. This allows a compact layout, which helps to minimize parasitics and increase stability. Rev. A | Page 19 of 24 60 40 20 0 1 10 INPUT FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 68. SFDR vs. Frequency 100 04814-0-067 LOW DISTORTION PINOUT AD8045 0 –20 –40 fc = –60 1 2πRC The quality factor, or Q, is shown in the equation –80 Q= –120 0 5 10 15 20 FREQUENCY (MHz) 25 30 04814-0-068 –100 1 3−K The gain, or K, of the circuits are First Stage K = Figure 69. Single-Tone FFT, FIN = 50 MHz, Sample Rate = 65 MSPS Shown in the First Nyquist Zone Active filters are used in many applications such as antialiasing filters and high frequency communication IF strips. With a 400 MHz gain bandwidth product and high slew rate, the AD8045 is an ideal candidate for active filters. Figure 70 shows the frequency response of the 90 MHz LPF. In addition to the bandwidth requirements, the slew rate must be capable of supporting the full power bandwidth of the filter. In this case, a 90 MHz bandwidth with a 2 V p-p output swing requires at least 1200 V/µs. This performance is achievable only at 90 MHz because of the AD8045’s wide bandwidth and high slew rate. The circuit shown in Figure 73 is a 90 MHz, 4-pole, Sallen-Key, LPF. The filter comprises two identical cascaded Sallen-Key LPF sections, each with a fixed gain of G = +2. The net gain of the filter is equal to G = +4 or 12 dB. The actual gain shown in Figure 70 is only 6 dB. This is due to the output voltage being divided in half by the series matching termination resistor, RT, and the load resistor. Resistor values are kept low for minimal noise contribution, offset voltage, and optimal frequency response. Due to the low capacitance values used in the filter circuit, the PCB layout and minimization of parasitics is critical. A few picofarads can detune the filters corner frequency, fc. The capacitor values shown in Figure 73 actually incorporate some stray PCB capacitance. Capacitor selection is critical for optimal filter performance. Capacitors with low temperature coefficients, such as NPO ceramic capacitors and silver mica, are good choices for filter elements. 20 10 0 –10 –20 GAIN (dB) 90 MHZ ACTIVE LOW-PASS FILTER (LPF) R8 R3 + 1, Second Stage K = +1 R7 R4 –30 –40 –50 –60 –70 –80 –90 0.1 1 10 FREQUENCY (MHz) 100 Figure 70. 90 MHz Low-Pass Filter Response Rev. A | Page 20 of 24 1000 04814-0-006 DISTORTION (dBc) Setting the resistors and capacitors equal to each other greatly simplifies the design equations for the Sallen-Key filter. The corner frequency, or −3 dB frequency, can be described by the equation AIN = –1dBFS SNR = 69.9dBc SFDR = 65.3dBc AD8045 M4.00ns A CH1 0.00V CH1 500mV Figure 71. Small Signal Transient Response of 90 MHz LPF C3 7.1pF 10µF +5V INPUT RT 49.9Ω R1 249Ω A CH1 10µF 0.1µF R2 249Ω U1 C2 7.1pF 0.1µF R6 249Ω 10µF R5 249Ω U1 C4 7.1pF RT 49.9Ω 10µF 0.1µF 0.1µF –5V R4 499Ω R3 499Ω 0.00V Figure 72. Large Signal Transient Response of 90 MHz LPF C1 7.1pF +5V M4.00ns OUTPUT R9 24.9Ω C5 5pF –5V R7 499Ω R8 499Ω Figure 73. 4-Pole, 90 MHz, Sallen-Key Low-Pass Filter Rev. A | Page 21 of 24 04814-0-005 CH1 50.0mV 04814-0-070 1 04814-0-069 1 AD8045 PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD LAYOUT Laying out the printed circuit board (PCB) is usually the last step in the design process and often proves to be one of the most critical. A brilliant design can be rendered useless because of a poor or sloppy layout. Since the AD8045 can operate into the RF frequency spectrum, high frequency board layout considerations must be taken into account. The PCB layout, signal routing, power supply bypassing, and grounding all must be addressed to ensure optimal performance. SIGNAL ROUTING The AD8045 LFCSP features the new low distortion pinout with a dedicated feedback pin and allows a compact layout. The dedicated feedback pin reduces the distance from the output to the inverting input, which greatly simplifies the routing of the feedback network. When laying out the AD8045 as a unity gain amplifier, it is recommended that a short, but wide, trace between the dedicated feedback pin and the inverting input to the amplifier be used to minimize stray parasitic inductance. To minimize parasitic inductances, ground planes should be used under high frequency signal traces. However, the ground plane should be removed from under the input and output pins to minimize the formation of parasitic capacitors, which degrades phase margin. Signals that are susceptible to noise pickup should be run on the internal layers of the PCB, which can provide maximum shielding. POWER SUPPLY BYPASSING Power supply bypassing is a critical aspect of the PCB design process. For best performance, the AD8045 power supply pins need to be properly bypassed. A parallel connection of capacitors from each of the power supply pins to ground works best. Paralleling different values and sizes of capacitors helps to ensure that the power supply pins “see” a low ac impedance across a wide band of frequencies. This is important for minimizing the coupling of noise into the amplifier. Starting directly at the power supply pins, the smallest value and sized component should be placed on the same side of the board as the amplifier, and as close as possible to the amplifier, and connected to the ground plane. This process should be repeated for the next larger value capacitor. It is recommended for the AD8045 that a 0.1 µF ceramic 0508 case be used. The 0508 offers low series inductance and excellent high frequency performance. The 0.1 µF case provides low impedance at high frequencies. A 10 µF electrolytic capacitor should be placed in parallel with the 0.1 µF. The 10 µf capacitor provides low ac impedance at low frequencies. Smaller values of electrolytic capacitors may be used depending on the circuit requirements. Additional smaller value capacitors help to provide a low impedance path for unwanted noise out to higher frequencies but are not always necessary. Placement of the capacitor returns (grounds), where the capacitors enter into the ground plane, is also important. Returning the capacitors grounds close to the amplifier load is critical for distortion performance. Keeping the capacitors distance short, but equal from the load, is optimal for performance. In some cases, bypassing between the two supplies can help to improve PSRR and to maintain distortion performance in crowded or difficult layouts. It is brought to the designer’s attention here as another option to improve performance. Minimizing the trace length and widening the trace from the capacitors to the amplifier reduce the trace inductance. A series inductance with the parallel capacitance can form a tank circuit, which can introduce high frequency ringing at the output. This additional inductance can also contribute to increased distortion due to high frequency compression at the output. The use of vias should be minimized in the direct path to the amplifier power supply pins since vias can introduce parasitic inductance, which can lead to instability. When required, use multiple large diameter vias because this lowers the equivalent parasitic inductance. GROUNDING The use of ground and power planes is encouraged as a method of proving low impedance returns for power supply and signal currents. Ground and power planes can also help to reduce stray trace inductance and to provide a low thermal path for the amplifier. Ground and power planes should not be used under any of the pins of the AD8045. The mounting pads and the ground or power planes can form a parasitic capacitance at the amplifiers input. Stray capacitance on the inverting input and the feedback resistor form a pole, which degrades the phase margin, leading to instability. Excessive stray capacitance on the output also forms a pole, which degrades phase margin. Rev. A | Page 22 of 24 AD8045 The AD8045 features an exposed paddle, which lowers the thermal resistance by 25% compared to a standard SOIC plastic package. The exposed paddle of the AD8045 is internally connected to the negative power supply pin. Therefore, when laying out the board, the exposed paddle must either be connected to the negative power supply or left floating (electrically isolated). Soldering the exposed paddle to the negative power supply metal ensures maximum thermal transfer. Figure 74 and Figure 75 show the proper layout for connecting the SOIC and LFCSP exposed paddle to the negative supply. THERMAL CONDUCTIVE INSULATOR 04814-0-072 EXPOSED PADDLE Figure 76. SOIC with Thermal Conductive Pad Material The thermal pad provides high thermal conductivity but isolates the exposed paddle from ground or other potential. It is recommended, when possible, to solder the paddle to the negative power supply plane or trace for maximum thermal transfer. Note that soldering the paddle to ground shorts the negative power supply to ground and can cause irreparable damage to the AD8045. 04814-0-071 DRIVING CAPACITIVE LOADS Figure 74. SOIC Exposed Paddle Layout 04814-0-073 The use of thermal vias or “heat pipes” can also be incorporated into the design of the mounting pad for the exposed paddle. These additional vias help to lower the overall theta junction to ambient (θJA). Using a heavier weight copper on the surface to which the amplifier’s exposed paddle is soldered can greatly reduce the overall thermal resistance “seen” by the AD8045. Figure 75. LFCSP Exposed Paddle Layout For existing designs that want to incorporate the AD8045, electrically isolating the exposed paddle is another option. If the exposed paddle is electrically isolated, the thermal dissipation is primarily through the leads, and the thermal resistance of the package now approaches 125°C/W, the standard SOIC θJA. However, a thermally conductive and electrically isolated pad material may be used. A thermally conductive spacer, such as the Bergquist Company’s Sil-Pad, is an excellent solution to this problem. Figure 76 shows a typical implementation using thermal pad material. In general, high speed amplifiers have a difficult time driving capacitive loads. This is particularly true in low closed-loop gains, where the phase margin is the lowest. The difficulty arises because the load capacitance, CL, forms a pole with the output resistance, RO, of the amplifier. The pole can be described by the equation fP = 1 2πRO C L If this pole occurs too close to the unity gain crossover point, the phase margin degrades. This is due to the additional phase loss associated with the pole. The AD8045 output can drive 18 pF of load capacitance directly, in a gain of +2 with 30% overshoot, as shown in Figure 37. Larger capacitance values can be driven but must use a snubbing resistor (RSNUB) at the output of the amplifier, as shown in Figure 61 and Figure 62. Adding a small series resistor, RSNUB, creates a zero that cancels the pole introduced by the load capacitance. Typical values for RSNUB can range from 25 Ω to 50 Ω. The value is typically arrived at empirically and based on the circuit requirements. Rev. A | Page 23 of 24 AD8045 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 5.00 (0.197) 4.90 (0.193) 4.80 (0.189) 4.00 (0.157) 3.90 (0.154) 3.80 (0.150) 8 BOTTOM VIEW (PINS UP) 2.29 (0.092) 5 1 2.29 (0.092) 6.20 (0.244) 6.00 (0.236) 5.80 (0.228) TOP VIEW 4 1.27 (0.05) BSC 0.50 (0.020) × 45° 0.25 (0.010) 1.75 (0.069) 1.35 (0.053) 0.25 (0.0098) 0.10 (0.0039) COPLANARITY SEATING 0.10 PLANE 0.51 (0.020) 0.31 (0.012) 8° 0.25 (0.0098) 0° 1.27 (0.050) 0.40 (0.016) 0.17 (0.0068) COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012 CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS (IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN Figure 77. 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package with Exposed Pad [SOIC_N_EP], Narrow Body (RD-8-1)—Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches) 3.00 BSC SQ 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.60 MAX 0.45 1 8 PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.90 0.85 0.80 SEATING PLANE 2.75 BSC SQ TOP VIEW 0.50 BSC 0.25 MIN 0.80 MAX 0.65 TYP 12° MAX 1.50 REF EXPOSED PAD (BOTTOM VIEW) 5 PIN 1 INDICATOR 1.90 1.75 1.60 4 1.60 1.45 1.30 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM 0.30 0.23 0.18 0.20 REF Figure 78. 8-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP], 3 mm × 3 mm Body (CP-8-2)—Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model AD8045ARD AD8045ARD-REEL AD8045ARD-REEL7 AD8045ARDZ1 AD8045ARDZ-REEL1 AD8045ARDZ-REEL71 AD8045ACP-R2 AD8045ACP-REEL AD8045ACP-REEL7 AD8045ACPZ-R21 AD8045ACPZ-REEL1 AD8045ACPZ-REEL71 1 Minimum Ordering Quantity 1 2,500 1,000 1 2,500 1,000 250 5,000 1,500 250 5,000 1,500 Temperature Range –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C –40°C to +125°C Z = Pb-free part. © 2004 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D04814–0–9/04(A) Rev. A | Page 24 of 24 Package Description 8-Lead SOIC_N_EP 8-Lead SOIC_N_EP 8-Lead SOIC_N_EP 8-Lead SOIC_N_EP 8-Lead SOIC_N_EP 8-Lead SOIC_N_EP 8-Lead LFCSP 8-Lead LFCSP 8-Lead LFCSP 8-Lead LFCSP 8-Lead LFCSP 8-Lead LFCSP Package Option RD-8-1 RD-8-1 RD-8-1 RD-8-1 RD-8-1 RD-8-1 CP-8-2 CP-8-2 CP-8-2 CP-8-2 CP-8-2 CP-8-2 Branding H8B H8B H8B H8B H8B H8B