AKM AK4101AVQ

ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
AK4101A
Quad Outputs 192kHz 24-Bit DIT
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AK4101A is a four outputs digital audio transmitter (DIT) which supports data rate up to 192kHz
sample rate operation. The AK4101A supports AES3, IEC60958, S/PDIF & EIAJ CP1201 interface
standards. The AK4101A accepts audio data and auxiliary information data and etc, which is then
biphase-encoded and driven on to a cable. The audio serial port supports eight formats.
FEATURES
o Sampling Rate up to 192kHz
o Support AES3, IEC60958, S/PDIF & EIAJ CP1201 professional and consumer formats
o Generates CRCC codes and parity bits
o Four on-chip RS422 line drivers
o 64-byte on-chip buffer memory for Channel Status and User bits
o Supports synchronous/asynchronous access to Channel Status and User bits
o Supports multiple clock frequencies: 128fs, 256fs, 384fs and 512fs
o Supports Left/Right justified and I2S audio formats
o Easy to use 4 wire, Serial Host Interface
o Audio Routing Mode (Transparent Mode)
o Power supply: 4.75 to 5.25V
o TTL level I/F
o Small Package: 44pin LQFP
o Temperature range of - 40 to 85 °C
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
-1-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
BICK
Prescaler
SDTI2
Drivers
TXP1
LRCK
SDTI1
VDD
Drivers
VSS
TRANS
BLS
MCLK
Drivers
CKS0
CKS1
Drivers
Drivers
DIF0
Drivers
DIF1
DIF2
n Block Diagram
TXN1
Audio Serial
Interface
SDTI4
RS422 Line Drivers
SDTI3
Biphase
Encoder
C1
TXP2
TXN2
TXP3
TXN3
C2
C3
CRCC Generator
C4
TXP4
TXN4
U1
U4
MUX
U3
Register
U2
V12
V34
FS0
Host Serial
Interface
FS1
FS2
MS0250-E-00
PDN
ANS
CDTO
CDTI
CCLK
CSN
FS3
2003/07
-2-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Ordering Guide
AK4101AVQ
-40 ∼ +85°C
44pin LQFP (0.8mm pitch)
TRANS
V34
V12
U4
U3
U2
U1
DIF2
DIF1
VDD
DIF0
44
43
42
41
40
39
38
37
36
35
34
n Pin Layout
PDN
1
33
TXP1
MCLK
2
32
TXN1
SDTI1
3
31
TXP2
SDTI2
4
30
TXN2
SDTI3
5
29
VSS
SDTI4
6
28
VDD
VDD
7
27
TXP3
VSS
8
26
TXN3
BICK
9
25
TXP4
LRCK
10
24
TXN4
FS0/CSN
11
23
CKS1
AK4101AVQ
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
FS2/CCLK
FS3/CDTO
C1
C2
C3
C4
ANS
BLS
CKS0
VSS
FS1/CDTI
12
Top View
n Comparison AK4101 with AK4101A
Function
Ambient Temperature
CRCC generation by FS3-0 pins
CRCC generation by FS3-0 bits
AK4101
-10 ~ 70°C
Synchronous mode
X
Asynchronous mode
X
O: Input data is reflected to CRCC.
X: Input data is ignored for CRCC.
MS0250-E-00
AK4101A
-40 ~ 85°C
O
O
2003/07
-3-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
PIN/FUNCTION
No.
1
Pin Name
PDN
I/O
I
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
MCLK
SDTI1
SDTI2
SDTI3
SDTI4
VDD
VSS
BICK
I
I
I
I
I
I/O
10
LRCK
I/O
11
FS0
CSN
AKMODE
I
I
I
12
15
16
17
18
19
FS1
CDTI
FS2
CCLK
FS3
CDTO
C1
C2
C3
C4
ANS
I
I
I
I
I
O
I
I
I
I
I
20
BLS
21
22
CKS0
VSS
13
14
I/O
I
-
Function
Power Down & Reset Pin
(Pull-up Pin)
When “L”, the AK4101A is powered-down, TXP/N pins are “L” and the
control registers are reset to default values.
Master Clock Input Pin
Audio Serial Data Input 1 Pin
Audio Serial Data Input 2 Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
Audio Serial Data Input 3 Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
Audio Serial Data Input 4 Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
Power Supply Pin, 4.75V∼5.25V
Ground Pin, 0V
Audio Serial Data Clock Input/Output Pin
Serial Clock for SDTI pins which can be configured as an output based on
the DIF2-0 inputs.
Input/Output Channel Clock Pin
Indicates left or right channel, and can be configured as an output based on
the DIF2-0 inputs.
Sampling Frequency Select 0 Pin at Synchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
Host Interface Chip Select Pin at Asynchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
AK4112B Mode Pin at Audio routing mode
(Pull-down Pin)
0: Non-AKM receivers mode, 1: AK4112B mode
Sampling Frequency Select 1 Pin at Synchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
Host Interface Data Input Pin at Asynchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
Sampling Frequency Select 2 Pin at Synchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
Host Interface Bit Clock Input Pin at Asynchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
Sampling Frequency Select 3 Pin at Synchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
Host Interface Data Output Pin at Asynchronous mode (Pull-down Pin)
Channel Status Bit Input Pin for Channel 1
Channel Status Bit Input Pin for Channel 2
(Pull-down Pin)
Channel Status Bit Input Pin for Channel 3
(Pull-down Pin)
Channel Status Bit Input Pin for Channel 4
(Pull-down Pin)
Asynchronous/Synchronous Mode Select Pin
(Pull-up Pin)
0: Asynchronous mode, 1: Synchronous mode
Block Start Input/Output Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
In normal mode, the channel status block output is “H” for the first four
bytes. In audio routing mode, the pin is configured as an input. When PDN
pin = “L”, BLS pin goes “H” at Normal mode.
Clock Mode Select 0 Pin
(Pull-up Pin)
Ground Pin, 0V
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
-4-
ASAHI KASEI
No.
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
Pin Name
CKS1
TXN4
TXP4
TXN3
TXP3
VDD
VSS
TXN2
TXP2
TXN1
TXP1
DIF0
VDD
DIF1
DIF2
U1
U2
U3
U4
V12
V34
TRANS
[AK4101A]
I/O
I
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
O
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Description
Clock Mode Select 1 Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
Negative Differential Output Pin for Channel 4
Positive Differential Output Pin for Channel 4
Negative Differential Output Pin for Channel 3
Positive Differential Output Pin for Channel 3
Power Supply Pin, 4.75V∼5.25V
Ground Pin, 0V
Negative Differential Output Pin for Channel 2
Positive Differential Output Pin for Channel 2
Negative Differential Output Pin for Channel 1
Positive Differential Output Pin for Channel 1
Audio Serial Interface Select 0 Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
Power Supply Pin, 4.75V∼5.25V
Audio Serial Interface Select 1 Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
Audio Serial Interface Select 2 Pin
(Pull-down Pin)
User Data Bit Input Pin for Channel 1
(Pull-down Pin)
User Data Bit Input Pin for Channel 2
(Pull-down Pin)
User Data Bit Input Pin for Channel 3
(Pull-down Pin)
User Data Bit Input Pin for Channel 4
(Pull-down Pin)
Validity Bit Input Pin for Channel 1 & Channel 2
Validity Bit Input Pin for Channel 3 & Channel 4
(Pull-down Pin)
Audio Routing Mode (Transparent Mode) Pin at Synchronous mode
0: Normal mode, 1: Audio routing mode (Transparent mode)
Notes:
1. Internal pull-up and pull-down resistors are connected on-chip. The value of the resistors is 43kΩ (typ).
2. All input pins except internal pull-down/pull-up pins should not be left floating.
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
-5-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(VSS=0V; Note 3)
Parameter
Power Supply
Input Current (All pins except supply pins)
Input Voltage
Ambient Operating Temperature
Storage Temperature
Notes:
3. All voltages with respect to ground.
Symbol
VDD
IIN
VIN
Ta
Tstg
min
-0.3
-0.3
-40
-65
max
6.0
±10
VDD+0.3
85
150
Units
V
mA
V
°C
°C
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(VSS=0V; Note 1)
Parameter
Power Supply
Symbol
VDD
min
4.75
typ
5.0
max
5.25
Units
V
*AKM assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this datasheet.
DC CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; VDD=4.75~5.25V)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
max
Units
Power Supply Current (fs=108kHz, Note 4)
IDD
10
20
mA
High-Level Input Voltage
VIH
2.4
V
Low-Level Input Voltage
VIL
0.8
V
High-Level Output Voltage
(Except TXP/N pins: Iout=-400µA)
VOH
VDD-1.0
V
(TXP/N pins:
Iout= -8mA)
VOH
VDD-0.8
V
Low-Level Output Voltage
(Except TXP/N pins: Iout= 400µA)
VOL
0.4
V
(TXP/N pins:
Iout= 8mA)
VOL
0.6
V
Input Leakage Current
Iin
±10
µA
Notes:
4. Power supply current (IDD) is 4mA(typ)@fs=48kHz and 12mA(typ)@fs=192kHz.
IDD increases by 20mA(typ) per channel with professional output driver circuit. IDD is 90mA(typ) if all four
channels have professional output driver circuit.
IDD is 150µA(typ) if PDN pin = “L”, TRANS pin = “H” and all other input pins except internal pull-up/pull-down
pins are held to VSS.
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
-6-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; VDD=4.75~5.25V; CL=20pF)
Parameter
Symbol
min
Master Clock Timing
3.584
fCLK
Frequency
Duty Cycle
40
dCLK
LRCK Timing
Frequency
28
fs
Duty Cycle at Slave Mode
45
dLCK
Duty Cycle at Master Mode
Audio Interface Timing
Slave Mode
BICK Period
36
tBCK
BICK Pulse Width Low
15
tBCKL
Pulse Width High
15
tBCKH
15
tLRB
LRCK Edge to BICK “↑”
(Note 5)
15
tBLR
BICK “↑” to LRCK Edge
(Note 5)
8
tSDH
SDTI Hold Time
8
tSDS
SDTI Setup Time
Master Mode
BICK Frequency
fBCK
BICK Duty
dBCK
tMBLR
-20
BICK “↓” to LRCK
tSDH
20
SDTI Hold Time
tSDS
20
SDTI Setup Time
Control Interface Timing
CCLK Period
tCCK
200
CCLK Pulse Width Low
tCCKL
80
Pulse Width High
tCCKH
80
CDTI Setup Time
tCDS
50
CDTI Hold Time
tCDH
50
CSN “H” Time
tCSW
520
tCSS
50
CSN “↓” to CCLK “↑”
tCSH
50
CCLK “↑” to CSN “↑”
tDCD
CDTO Delay
tCCZ
CSN “↑” to CDTO Hi-Z
(Note 6)
Power-down & Reset Timing
PDN Pulse Width
tPDW
150
Notes:
5. BICK rising edge must not occur at the same time as LRCK edge.
6. CDTO pin is internally connected to a pull-down resistor.
MS0250-E-00
typ
max
Units
27.648
60
MHz
%
192
55
kHz
%
%
50
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
64fs
50
20
45
70
Hz
%
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
2003/07
-7-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Timing Diagram
1/fCLK
VIH
MCLK
VIL
tCLKH
tCLKL
dCLK = tCLKH x fCLK x 100
= tCLKL x fCLK x 100
1/fs
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tBCK
VIH
BICK
VIL
tBCKH
tBCKL
Clock Timing
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tBLR
tLRB
VIH
BICK
VIL
tSDS
tSDH
VIH
SDTI
VIL
Audio Interface Timing (Slave Mode)
LRCK
50%VDD
tMBLR
50%VDD
BICK
tSDS
tSDH
VIH
SDTI
VIL
Audio Interface Timing (Master Mode)
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
-8-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
VIH
CSN
VIL
tCSS
tCCKL tCCKH
VIH
CCLK
VIL
tCDH
tCDS
C1
CDTI
C0
*
*
VIH
VIL
Hi-Z (with pull-down resistor)
CDTO
WRITE/READ Command Input Timing
tCSW
VIH
CSN
VIL
tCSH
VIH
CCLK
CDTI
VIL
D3
D2
D1
VIH
D0
VIL
Hi-Z
(with pull-down resistor)
CDTO
WRITE Data Input Timing
VIH
CSN
VIL
VIH
CCLK
VIL
CDTI
A1
VIH
A0
VIL
tDCD
CDTO
Hi-Z
(with pull-down
resistor)
D7
D6
D5
50%VDD
READ Data Output Timing 1
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
-9-
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
tCSW
VIH
CSN
VIL
tCSH
VIH
CCLK
VIL
VIH
CDTI
VIL
tCCZ
CDTO
D3
D2
D1
D0
50%VDD
READ Data Output Timing 2
tPDW
PDN
VIL
Power-down & Reset Timing
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 10 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
OPERATION OVERVIEW
n General Description
The AK4101A is a monolithic CMOS circuit that biphase-encodes and transmits audio data, auxiliary information data
and etc according to the AES3, IEC60958, S/PDIF and EIAJ CP1201 interface standards. There are four sets of stereo
channels that can be transmitted simultaneously. The chip accepts audio data and auxiliary information data separately,
multiplexes and biphase-mark encodes the data internally, and drives it directly or through a transformer to a
transmission line. There are two modes of operation: asynchronous and synchronous. See section of “Asynchronous
Mode/ Synchronous Mode”.
n Initialization
The AK4101A takes 8 bit clock cycles to initialize after PDN pin goes inactive. Also, for correct synchronization,
MCLK should be synchronized with LRCK but the phase is not critical.
n MCLK and LRCK Relationship
For correct synchronization, MCLK and LRCK should be derived from the same clock signal either directly (as through
a frequency divider) or indirectly (for example, as through a DSP). The relationship of BICK to LRCK is fixed and
should not change. If MCLK or LRCK move such that they are shifted (128fs x 3) or more cycles from their initial
conditions, the chip will reset the internal frame and bit counters. However, control registers are not initialized. The
following frequencies are supported for MCLK.
CKS1
0
0
1
1
CKS0
0
1
0
1
MCLK
128fs
256fs
384fs
512fs
fs
28k-192kHz
28k-108kHz
28k-54kHz
28k-54kHz
Table 1. MCLK Frequency
n Asynchronous Mode/ Synchronous Mode
1. Asynchronous Mode (software controlled)
The AK4101A can be configured in the asynchronous mode by connecting the ANS pin to logic “L”. In this mode the
16 to 24-bit audio samples are accepted through a configured audio serial port, and the channel status and user data
through a serial control host interface (SCI). The SCI allows access to internal buffer memory and control registers
which are used to store the channel status and user data. 4bytes per channel of user and channel status is stored. This
data is multiplexed with the audio data from the audio serial port, the parity bit is generated, and the bit stream is
biphase-mark encoded and driven through the RS422 line drivers. The CRCC code for the channel status is also
generated according to the professional mode definition in the AES3 standards. This mode also allows for software
control for mute, reset, audio format selection, clock frequency settings and output enables, via the serial host interface.
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 11 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
2. Synchronous Mode (hardware controlled)
The AK4101A when configured in synchronous mode accepts 16 - 24 bit audio samples through the audio serial port
and provides dedicated pins for the control data and allows all channel status, user data and validity bits to be serially
input through port pins. This data is multiplexed, the parity bit generated, and the bit stream is biphase-mark encoded
and driven through an RS422 line driver. The four set of channels have individual channel status and user data pins.
2-1. Audio Routing Mode (Transparent Mode)
The AK4101A can be configured in audio routing mode (transparent mode) by ANS pin = TRANS pin = “1”. In this
mode, the channel status(C), user data(U) and validity(V) bits must pass through unaltered. The Block Start(B) signal is
configured as an input, allowing the transmit block structure to be slaved to the block structure of the receiver. The C, U
and V are now transmitted with the current audio sample. In audio routing mode, no CRCC bytes are generated and C
bits pass through unaltered. In audio routing mode, the FS0/CSN pin changes definition to AKMODE pin. When set
“H” the AK4101A can be configured directly with the AK4112B receiver. When set “L”, it may be used with other nonAKM receivers. Setting the part with TRANS pin = “1” and ANS pin = “0” is illegal and places the chip into a test
mode.
ANS
Pin
TRANS
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
1
Modes
Synchronous/Asynchronous
Source for C, U and V bits
Audio Routing
Asynchronous mode
C Pin ORed Control Register
U Pin ORed Control Register
V Pin ORed Control Register
Normal mode
(Test mode)
Normal mode
Audio routing mode
Synchronous mode
C,U and V pin
Table 2. Mode setting
BLS
C (or U,V)
C(R191)
C(L0)
C(R0)
C(L1)
C(L31)
C(R31) C(L32)
L0
R0
L1
L31
R31
LRCK
2
(except I S)
LRCK
2
(I S)
SDTI
R191
L32
Figure 1. Audio routing mode timing (AKMODE pin = “0”)
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 12 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
BLS
C (or U,V)
C(R191)
C(L0)
C(R0)
C(L1)
C(L31)
C(R31) C(L32)
LRCK
SDTI
2
(except I S)
R190
L191
R191
L0
L30
R30
L31
SDTI
2
(I S)
L191
R191
L0
R0
R30
L31
R31
Figure 2. Audio routing mode timing (AKMODE pin = “1”)
n Block Start Timing
Normal mode
In normal mode (TRANS pin = “0”), the block start signal is an output. It goes “H” two bit cycle after the beginning of
channel 2 of frame 0 in each block, and stays “H” for the first 32 frames.
Audio routing mode (transparent mode)
In audio routing mode (transparent mode) (ANS pin = TRANS pin = “1”), the block start becomes an input. Except in
I2S mode, a block start signal sampled any time from the first positive BICK edge of the previous left channel to the
positive BICK edge preceding the transition of an LRCK indicating the left channel will result in the current left channel
being taken as the first sub frame of the current block. See Figure 3 below.
LRCK
2
(except I S)
(n-1)th channel 1
nth channel 1
LRCK
2
(I S)
(n-1)th channel 1
nth channel 1
BICK
(1)
Figure 3. Block start timing in audio routing mode
A block start signal arriving during “(1)” period will result in the usage of “nth channel 1” as the
first sub-frame of the block.
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 13 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n C, U, V Serial Ports
Normal mode
In normal mode (TRANS pin = “0”), the C, U and V bits are captured (either from the pins, in synchronous mode, or the
control registers, in the asynchronous mode) in the sub frame following the audio data. The V bit is set to zero to
indicate the audio data is suitable for conversion. The V12 pin indicates validity for Channels 1 & 2 and V34 pin
indicates validity for Channels 3 & 4 respectively. See Figure 4 and Figure 5.
Audio routing mode (transparent mode)
In audio routing mode (transparent mode) (ANS pin = TRANS pin = “1”), the C, U and V bits are captured with the
same sub-frame as the data to which the C, U and V bits correspond. In all DIF modes except 5 and 7, the C, U and V
bits are captured at the first, rising edge of BICK after an LRCK transition. In modes 5 and 7 (I2S), the C, U and V bits
are captured at the second rising edge. See Figure 6 and Figure 7.
LRCK
Channel1
Channel 2
BICK
Channel 1
C,U,V
C,U,V
Previous Channel 2
C, U, V
Figure 4. Normal, DIF modes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6
LRCK
Channel 1
Channel 2
BICK
Channel 1
C, U, V
C,U,V
Previous Channel 2
C, U, V
Figure 5. Normal, DIF modes 5 and 7 (I2S)
LRCK
Channel 1
Channel 2
BICK
C,U,V
Channel 1
C, U, V
Channel 2
C, U, V
Figure 6. Audio routing, DIF modes 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 14 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
Channel 1
LRCK
Channel 2
BICK
Channel 1
C, U, V
C,U,V
Channel 2
C, U, V
Figure 7. Audio routing, DIF modes 5 and 7 (I2S)
n Audio Serial Interface
The audio serial interface is used to input audio data and consists of six pins: Bit Clock (BICK), Word Clock (LRCK) &
four Data pins (SDTI 1-4). LRCK indicates the particular channel, left or right. The DIF 2-0 pins in synchronous mode
and control registers in asynchronous mode select the particular input mode. In asynchronous mode, DIF2-0 bits are
logically ORed with DIF2-0 pins. Audio data format supports 16-24 bits, right justified and left justified modes. The I2S
mode is also supported. The AK4101A can be configured in master and slave modes.
Mode
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
DIF2
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
DIF1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
DIF0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
SDTI
16bit, Right justified
18bit, Right justified
20bit, Right justified
24bit, Right justified
24bit, Left justified
24bit, I2S
24bit, Left justified
24bit, I2S
Master / Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Slave
Master
Master
LRCK
H/L (I)
H/L (I)
H/L (I)
H/L (I)
H/L (I)
L/H (I)
H/L (O)
L/H (O)
BICK
32fs-128fs (I)
36fs-128fs (I)
40fs-128fs (I)
48fs-128fs (I)
48fs-128fs (I)
50fs-128fs (I)
64fs (O)
64fs (O)
Table 3. Audio Data Format Modes [NOTE; (I): Input, (O): Output]
LRCK(i)
0
1
2
15
16
17
15
14
30
31
0
1
2
15
16
17
30
31
15
14
1
0
0
1
BICK(i)
1
0
SDTI(i)
15:MSB, 0:LSB
Rch Data
Lch Data
Figure 8. Mode 0 Timing
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 15 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
LRCK(i)
0
1
2
13
14
15
30
17
16
31
0
1
2
13
14
15
30
31
17
16
1
0
0
1
BICK(i)
1
0
SDTI(i)
17:MSB, 0:LSB
Rch Data
Lch Data
Figure 9. Mode 1 Timing
LRCK(i)
0
1
2
11
12
13
19
18
30
31
0
1
2
11
12
13
30
31
19
18
1
0
0
1
BICK(i)
1
0
SDTI(i)
19:MSB, 0:LSB
Rch Data
Lch Data
Figure 10. Mode 2 Timing
LRCK(i)
0
1
8
9
10
11
30
23
22
21
20
31
0
1
8
9
23
22
10
11
21
20
30
31
0
1
BICK(i)
1
0
1
0
SDTI(i)
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Rch Data
Lch Data
Figure 11. Mode 3 Timing
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 16 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
LRCK
0
1
2
21
22
23
21
2
1
0
30
31
0
1
2
21
22
23
21
2
1
0
30
31
0
1
BICK
23 22
23 22
23 22
SDTI(i)
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Rch Data
Lch Data
Figure 12. Mode 4, 6 Timing
Mode 4: LRCK, BICK: Input
Mode 6: LRCK, BICK: Output
LRCK
0
1
2
3
23
22 21
22
23
24
2
1
0
31
0
1
2
3
22
23
24
3
2
1
0
31
0
1
BICK
SDTI(i)
23 22
23
23:MSB, 0:LSB
Rch Data
Lch Data
Figure 13. Mode 5, 7 Timing
Mode 5: LRCK, BICK: Input
Mode 7: LRCK, BICK: Output
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 17 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Sampling frequency setting
Bits 3-0 of Channel Status Byte 3 in consumer mode can be set by FS3-0 pins. Also bits 7-6 of Channel Status Byte 0
and bits 6-3 of Channel Status Byte 4 in professional mode can be set by FS3-0 pins.
FS[3:0]
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
Sampling
Frequency
44.1kHz
Not Indicated
48kHz
32kHz
22.05kHz
Reserved
24kHz
Reserved
88.2kHz
Reserved
96kHz
Reserved
176.4kHz
Reserved
192kHz
Reserved
Byte 3
Bits 3-0
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
Table 4. Sampling frequency setting (Consumer mode)
FS[3:0]
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
Sampling
Frequecny
Not Defined
44.1kHz
48kHz
32kHz
Not Defined
Not Defined
Not Defined
Not Defined
For vectoring
22.05kHz
88.2kHz
176.4kHz
192kHz
24kHz
96kHz
Not Defined
Byte 0
Bits 7-6
00
01
10
11
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Byte 4
Bits 6-3
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
1000
1001
1010
1011
0011
0001
0010
1111
Table 5. Sampling frequency setting (Professional mode)
MS0250-E-00
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Data Transmission Format
Data transmitted on the TX outputs is formatted in blocks as shown in Figure 14. Each block consists of 192 frames. A
frame of data contains two sub-frames. A sub-frame consists of 32 bits of information. Each data bit received is coded
using a bi-phase mark encoding as a two binary state symbol. The preambles violate bi-phase encoding so they may be
differentiated from data. In bi-phase encoding, the first state of an input symbol is always the inverse of the last state of
the previous data symbol. For a logic “0”, the second state of the symbol is the same as the first state. For a “1”, the
second state is the opposite of the first. Figure 15 illustrates a sample stream of 8 data bits encoded in 16 symbol states.
M Channel 1 W Channel 2 B Channel 1 W Channel 2 M Channel 1 W Channel 2
Sub-frame
Frame 191
Sub-frame
Frame 0
Frame 1
Figure 14. Block format
0
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
Figure 15. A biphase-encoded bit stream
The sub-frame is defined in Figure 16 below. Bits 0-3 of the sub-frame represent a preamble for synchronization. There
are three preambles. The block preamble, B, is contained in the first sub-frame of Frame 0. The channel 1 preamble, M,
is contained in the first sub-frame of all other frames. The channel 2 preamble, W, is contained in all of the second subframes.
Table 6 below defines the symbol encoding for each of the preambles. Bits 4-27 of the sub-frame contain the 24 bit
audio sample in 2’s complement format with bit 27 as the most significant bit. For 16 bit mode, Bits 4-11 are all 0. Bit
28 is the validity flag. This is “H” if the audio sample is unreliable. Bit 29 is a user data bit. Frame 0 contains the first
bit of a 192 bit user data word. Frame 191 contains the last bit of the user data word. Bit 30 is a channel status bit. Again
frame 0 contains the first bit of the 192 bit word with the last bit in frame 191. Bit 31 is an even parity bit for bits 4-31
of the sub-frame.
0
3 4
L
Sync
S
B
27 28 29 30 31
M
S V U C P
B
Audio sample
Figure 16. Sub-frame format
The block of data contains consecutive frames transmitted at a state-bit rate of 64 times the sample frequency, fs. For
stereophonic audio, the left or A channel data is in channel 1 while the right or B data is in channel 2. For monophonic
audio, channel 1 contains the audio data.
Preamble
B
M
W
Preceding state = 0
11101000
11100010
11100100
Preceding state = 1
00010111
00011101
00011011
Table 6. Sub-frame preamble encoding
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Line Drivers
There are four RS422 line drivers on chip. The AES3 specification states that the line driver shall have a balanced
output with an internal impedance of 110 ohms ±20% and also requires a balanced output drive capability of 2 to 7 volts
peak-to-peak into 110 ohm load. The internal impedance of the RS422 driver along with a series resistors of 56 ohms
realizes this requirement. For consumer use(S/PDIF), the specifications require an output impedance of 75 ohms ±20%
and a driver level of 0.5±20% volts peak to peak. A combination of 330 ohms in parallel with 100 ohms realizes this
requirement. The outputs can be set to ground by resetting the device or a software mute.
56
0.1u
Transformer
TXP
XLR Connector
TXN
Figure 17. Professional Output Driver Circuit
330
0.1u
Transformer
TXP
RCA Phono
Connector
100
TXN
Figure 18. Consumer Output Driver Circuit
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Serial Control Interface
In asynchronous mode, four of the dual function pins become CSN, CCLK, CDTI and CDTO, a 4 wire microprocessor
interface. The internal 66 byte control register can then be read and written. The contents of the control register define,
in part, the mode of operation for the AK4101A. Figure 19 illustrates the serial data flow associated with SCI read and
write operations. C1-0 bits are the chip address. The AK4101A looks for C1-0 bits to be a “11” before responding to the
incoming data. R/W is the Read/Write bit which is “0” for a read operation and “1” for a write operation. The register
address contained in A7-0 bits is decoded to select a particular byte of the control register. D7-0 bits on CDTI pin is the
control data coming from the microprocessor during a write operation. D7-0 bits on CDTO pin is the contents of the
addressed byte from the control register requested during a read operation. The address and data bits are framed by CSN
pin = “0”. During a write operation, each address and data bit is sampled on the rising edge of CCLK. During a read
operation, the address bits are sampled on the rising edge of CCLK while data on CDTO is output on the falling edge of
CCLK. CCLK has a maximum frequency of 5 MHz.
CSN
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
*
*
*
*
*
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
A6
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
A0 D7
D6
D5
D4 D3
20
21
22
23
D2 D1
D0
CCLK
CDTI
WRITE
C1 C0
Hi-Z (with pull-down resistor)
CDTO
CDTI
READ
CDTO
R/W A7
C1
C0
*
*
*
*
*
R/W A7
A6
“L”
A5
A4
A3
A2
A1
Hi-Z (with pull-down resistor)
C1-C0:
R/W:
*:
A7-A0:
D7-D0:
A0 D7
D6
D5
D4 D3 D2
D1 D0
D7
D6
D5
D4 D3 D2
D1
D0
Hi-Z
Chip Address (Fixed to “11”)
READ/WRITE (0:READ, 1:WRITE)
Don’t care
Register Address
Control Data
Figure 19. Control I/F Timing
µP
AK4101A
CSN
CCLK
CDTI
CDTO
CSN1
CCLK
CDTI
CDTO
CSN2
AK4101A
CSN
CCLK
CDTI
CDTO
Figure 20. Typical connection with µP
Note: External pull-up resistor should not be attached to CDTO pins
since CDTO pin is internally connected to the pull-down resistor.
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Register Map
Addr
00H
01H
02H
03H
04H
05H
Register Name
Clock/Format Control
Validity/fs Control
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
06H09H
Ch 1 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
0AH0DH
Ch 1 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
0EH11H
Ch 1 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
12H15H
16H19H
1AH1DH
1EH21H
22H25H
26H29H
2AH2DH
2EH31H
32H35H
36H39H
3AH3DH
3EH41H
Ch 2 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 2 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 2 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 2 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 3 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 3 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 3 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 3 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 4 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 4 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 4 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
Ch 4 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
D7
CRCE
V4
D6
DIF2
V3
D5
DIF1
V2
D4
DIF0
V1
D3
CKS1
FS3
D2
CKS0
FS2
D1
MUTEN
FS1
D0
RSTN
FS0
CA7
CA6
CA5
CA4
CA3
CA2
CA1
CA0
CA15
CA14
CA13
CA12
CA11
CA10
CA9
CA8
CA23
CA22
CA21
CA20
CA19
CA18
CA17
CA16
CA31
CA30
CA29
CA28
CA27
CA26
CA25
CA24
CB7
…
CB31
UA7
…
UA31
UB7
…
UB31
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
CB0
…
CB24
UA0
…
UA24
UB0
…
UB24
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
Table 7. Register Map
Notes:
(1) In stereo mode, A indicates Left Channel and B indicates Right Channel.
(2) In asynchronous mode, the DIF2-0 and CKS1-0 bits are logically “ORed” with the DIF2-0 and CKS1-0 pins.
(3) For addresses from 42H to FFH, data is not written.
(4) The PDN pin = “L” resets the registers to their default values.
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
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ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Register Definitions
Addr
00H
Register Name
Clock/Format Control
R/W
Default
D7
CRCE
R/W
1
D6
DIF2
R/W
0
D5
DIF1
R/W
0
D4
DIF0
R/W
0
D3
CKS1
R/W
0
D2
CKS0
R/W
0
D1
MUTEN
R/W
1
D0
RSTN
R/W
1
RSTN: Timing Reset.
0: Resets the internal frame and bit counters. Control registers are not initialized.
TXP pin is “H” and TXN pin is “L”. In normal mode, BLS pin is “H”.
1: Normal operation. (Default)
MUTEN: Power Down and Mute for Asynchronous Mode.
0: Power Down Command. Control registers are not initialized.
TXP and TXN pins are “L”. In normal mode, BLS pin is “H”.
1: Normal operation. (Default)
CKS1-0: Master Clock Frequency Select. (See Table 1.)
Default: “00” (Mode 0: MCLK=128fs)
CKS1-0 bits are logically ORed with CKS1-0 pins.
DIF2-0: Audio Data Format. (See Table 3.)
Default: “000” (Mode 0: 16bit right justified)
DIF2-0 bits are logically ORed with DIF2-0 pins.
CRCE: CRCC Enable at professional mode.
0: CRCC is not generated.
1: CRCC is generated in professional mode. In consumer mode, CRCC is not generated. (Default)
Addr
01H
Register Name
Validity/fs Control
R/W
Default
D7
V4
R/W
0
D6
V3
R/W
0
D5
V2
R/W
0
D4
V1
R/W
0
D3
FS3
R/W
0
D2
FS2
R/W
0
D1
FS1
R/W
0
D0
FS0
R/W
0
FS3-0: Sampling Frequency Select. (See Table 4 and Table 5.)
Default: “0000” (“44.1kHz” in consumer mode; “Not defined” in professional mode. )
V1-4: Validity Flag for each channel.
0: Valid (Default)
1: Invalid
V12 pin
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
V1 bit
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
V2 bit
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
V bit on TX1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
V bit on TX2
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
Table 8. V bit setting at asynchronous mode
MS0250-E-00
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ASAHI KASEI
Addr
02H
06H
12H
16H
22H
26H
32H
36H
Register Name
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 1 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 2 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 2 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 3 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 3 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 4 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
Ch 4 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 0
R/W
Default
[AK4101A]
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CA7
CA6
CA5
CA4
CA3
CA2
CA1
CA0
CB7
CB6
CB5
CB4
CB3
CB2
CB1
CB0
CA7
CA6
CA5
CA4
CA3
CA2
CA1
CA0
CB7
CB6
CB5
CB4
CB3
CB2
CB1
CB0
CA7
CA6
CA5
CA4
CA3
CA2
CA1
CA0
CB7
CB6
CB5
CB4
CB3
CB2
CB1
CB0
CA7
CA6
CA5
CA4
CA3
CA2
CA1
CA0
CB7
CB6
CB5
CB4
CB3
CB2
CB1
CB0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
R/W
0
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CA15
CA14
CA13
CA12
CA11
CA10
CA9
CA8
CB15
CB14
CB13
CB12
CB11
CB10
CB9
CB8
CA15
CA14
CA13
CA12
CA11
CA10
CA9
CA8
CB15
CB14
CB13
CB12
CB11
CB10
CB9
CB8
CA15
CA14
CA13
CA12
CA11
CA10
CA9
CA8
CB15
CB14
CB13
CB12
CB11
CB10
CB9
CB8
CA15
CA14
CA13
CA12
CA11
CA10
CA9
CA8
CB15
CB14
CB13
CB12
CB11
CB10
CB9
CB8
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
C0-7: Channel Status Byte 0
Default: “00100000”
Addr
03H
07H
13H
17H
23H
27H
33H
37H
Register Name
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 1 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 2 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 2 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 3 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 3 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 4 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
Ch 4 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 1
R/W
Default
C8-15: Channel Status Byte 1
Default: “00000000”
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
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ASAHI KASEI
Addr
04H
14H
24H
34H
Register Name
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
Ch 2 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
Ch 3 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
Ch 4 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
R/W
Default
[AK4101A]
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CA23
CA22
CA21
CA20
CA19
CA18
CA17
CA16
CA23
CA22
CA21
CA20
CA19
CA18
CA17
CA16
CA23
CA22
CA21
CA20
CA19
CA18
CA17
CA16
CA23
CA22
CA21
CA20
CA19
CA18
CA17
CA16
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
CA16-23: Channel Status Byte 2 for A-channel
Default: “00001000”
Addr
08H
18H
28H
38H
Register Name
Ch 1 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
Ch 2 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
Ch 3 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
Ch 4 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 2
R/W
Default
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CB23
CB22
CB21
CB20
CB19
CB18
CB17
CB16
CB23
CB22
CB21
CB20
CB19
CB18
CB17
CB16
CB23
CB22
CB21
CB20
CB19
CB18
CB17
CB16
CB23
CB22
CB21
CB20
CB19
CB18
CB17
CB16
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
CB16-23: Channel Status Byte 2 for B-channel
Default: “00000100”
Addr
05H
09H
15H
19H
25H
29H
35H
39H
Register Name
Ch 1 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
Ch 1 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
Ch 2 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
Ch 2 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
Ch 3 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
Ch 3 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
Ch 4 A-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
Ch 4 B-channel C-bit
buffer for Byte 3
R/W
Default
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
CA31
CA30
CA29
CA28
CA27
CA26
CA25
CA24
CB31
CB30
CB29
CB28
CB27
CB26
CB25
CB24
CA31
CA30
CA29
CA28
CA27
CA26
CA25
CA24
CB31
CB30
CB29
CB28
CB27
CB26
CB25
CB24
CA31
CA30
CA29
CA28
CA27
CA26
CA25
CA24
CB31
CB30
CB29
CB28
CB27
CB26
CB25
CB24
CA31
CA30
CA29
CA28
CA27
CA26
CA25
CA24
CB31
CB30
CB29
CB28
CB27
CB26
CB25
CB24
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
0
R/W
1
R/W
0
C24-31: Channel Status Byte 3
Default: “01000000”
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 25 -
ASAHI KASEI
Addr
Register Name
0AH0DH
Ch 1 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
0EH11H
Ch 1 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
1AH1DH
Ch 2 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
1EH21H
Ch 2 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
2AH2DH
Ch 3 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
2EH31H
Ch 3 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
3AH3DH
Ch 4 A-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
3EH41H
Ch 4 B-channel U-bit
buffer for Byte 0-3
R/W
Default
[AK4101A]
D7
UA7
…
UA31
UB7
…
UB31
UA7
…
UA31
UB7
…
UB31
UA7
…
UA31
UB7
…
UB31
UA7
…
UA31
UB7
…
UB31
R/W
0
D6
…
D5
…
D4
…
D3
…
D2
…
D1
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
R/W
0
…
R/W
0
…
R/W
0
…
R/W
0
…
R/W
0
…
R/W
0
D0
UA0
…
UA24
UB0
…
UB24
UA0
…
UA24
UB0
…
UB24
UA0
…
UA24
UB0
…
UB24
UA0
…
UA24
UB0
…
UB24
R/W
0
U0-31: User Data
Default: all “0”
MS0250-E-00
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- 26 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
n Default values of control registers
Bits
CRCE
DIF2-0
CKS1-0
V4-1
FS3-0
MUTEN
RSTN
Channel Status
Byte0
- Bit0
- Bit1
- Bit2
- Bit3-5
- Bit6-7
Byte1
- Bit0-7
Byte2
- Bit0-3
- Bit4-7
Default
1
000
00
0000
0000
1
1
CRCC is generated.
16bit, Right justified
MCLK=128fs
Valid data
fs=44.1kHz
Normal Operation
Normal Operation
0
Consumer Mode
0
Audio Mode
1
No Copyright
000
No Emphasis
00
Mode 0
00000000
General Category Code
0000
Source Number: Don’t care
1000
Channel A Source channel
0100
Channel B Source channel
Byte3
- Bit0-3
0100
fs=48kHz
- Bit4-5
00
Standard Clock Accuracy
- Bit6-7
00
User Data
All zeros
Table 9. Default Values of Control Register
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 27 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
PACKAGE
44pin LQFP (Unit: mm)
1.70max
12.80±0.30
0∼0.2
10.00
23
33
0.80
12.80±0.30
22
10.00
34
12
44
1
11
0.37±0.10
0.17±0.05
0°∼10°
0.60±0.20
0.15
n Package & Lead frame material
Package molding compound:
Lead frame material:
Lead frame surface treatment:
Epoxy
Cu
Solder plate (Pb free)
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
- 28 -
ASAHI KASEI
[AK4101A]
MARKING
AK4101AVQ
XXXXXXX
1
1) Pin #1 indication
2) Date Code: XXXXXXX(7 digits)
3) Marking Code: AK4101AVQ
4) Asahi Kasei Logo
IMPORTANT NOTICE
• These products and their specifications are subject to change without notice. Before considering
any use or application, consult the Asahi Kasei Microsystems Co., Ltd. (AKM) sales office or
authorized distributor concerning their current status.
• AKM assumes no liability for infringement of any patent, intellectual property, or other right in the
application or use of any information contained herein.
• Any export of these products, or devices or systems containing them, may require an export
license or other official approval under the law and regulations of the country of export pertaining
to customs and tariffs, currency exchange, or strategic materials.
• AKM products are neither intended nor authorized for use as critical components in any safety, life
support, or other hazard related device or system, and AKM assumes no responsibility relating to
any such use, except with the express written consent of the Representative Director of AKM. As
used here:
(a) A hazard related device or system is one designed or intended for life support or maintenance
of safety or for applications in medicine, aerospace, nuclear energy, or other fields, in which its
failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result in loss of life or in
significant injury or damage to person or property.
(b) A critical component is one whose failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to
result, whether directly or indirectly, in the loss of the safety or effectiveness of the device or
system containing it, and which must therefore meet very high standards of performance and
reliability.
• It is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of an AKM product who distributes, disposes of, or
otherwise places the product with a third party to notify that party in advance of the above content
and conditions, and the buyer or distributor agrees to assume any and all responsibility and liability
for and hold AKM harmless from any and all claims arising from the use of said product in the
absence of such notification.
MS0250-E-00
2003/07
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