AKM AKD4646

[AK4646]
AK4646
Stereo CODEC with MIC/SPK-AMP
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AK4646 features a stereo CODEC with a built-in Microphone-Amplifier and Speaker-Amplifier. Input
circuits include a Microphone-Amplifier and an ALC (Auto Level Control) circuit, and Output circuits
include a Speaker-Amplifier. These circuits are suitable for portable application with recording/playback
function. The AK4646 is available in a 32pin QFN, utilizing less board space than competitive offerings.
FEATURES
1. Recording Function
• Stereo Mic Input (Full-differential or Single-ended)
• Stereo Line Input
• MIC Amplifier (+32dB/+29dB/+26dB/+23dB/+20dB/+17dB/+10dB/0dB)
• Digital ALC (Automatic Level Control)
(+36dB ∼ −54dB, 0.375dB Step, Mute)
• ADC Performance: S/(N+D): 83dB, DR, S/N: 86dB (MIC-Amp=+20dB)
S/(N+D): 88dB, DR, S/N: 95dB (MIC-Amp=0dB)
• Wind-noise Reduction Filter
• 5 Band Notch Filter
• Stereo Separation Emphasis
2. Playback Function
• Digital De-emphasis Filter (tc=50/15μs, fs=32kHz, 44.1kHz, 48kHz)
• Digital ALC (Automatic Level Control)
(+36dB ∼ −54dB, 0.375dB Step, Mute)
• Stereo Separation Emphasis
• Stereo Line Output
- Performance: S/(N+D): 88dB, S/N: 92dB
• Mono Speaker-Amp
- S/(N+D): 60dB@150mW, S/N: 90dB
- BTL Output
- Available for both Dynamic and Piezo Speaker
- Output Power: 400mW@8Ω (SVDD=3.3V)
• Analog Mixing: Mono Input
3. Power Management
4. Master Clock:
(1) PLL Mode
• Frequencies:
12MHz, 13.5MHz, 24MHz, 27MHz (MCKI pin)
1fs (LRCK pin)
32fs or 64fs (BICK pin)
(2) External Clock Mode
• Frequencies: 256fs, 512fs or 1024fs (MCKI pin)
5. Output Master Clock Frequencies: 32fs/64fs/128fs/256fs
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
-1-
[AK4646]
6. Sampling Rate:
• PLL Slave Mode (LRCK pin): 7.35kHz ∼ 48kHz
• PLL Slave Mode (BICK pin): 7.35kHz ∼ 48kHz
• PLL Slave Mode (MCKI pin):
8kHz, 11.025kHz, 12kHz, 16kHz, 22.05kHz, 24kHz, 32kHz, 44.1kHz, 48kHz
• PLL Master Mode:
8kHz, 11.025kHz, 12kHz, 16kHz, 22.05kHz, 24kHz, 32kHz, 44.1kHz, 48kHz
• EXT Slave Mode:
7.35kHz ∼ 48kHz (256fs), 7.35kHz ∼ 26kHz (512fs), 7.35kHz ∼ 13kHz (1024fs)
7. μP I/F: 3-wire Serial
8. Master/Slave mode
9. Audio Interface Format: MSB First, 2’s compliment
• ADC: 16bit MSB justified, I2S
• DAC: 16bit MSB justified, 16bit LSB justified, 16-24bit I2S
10. Ta = −30 ∼ 85°C
11. Power Supply:
• AVDD: 2.2 ∼ 3.6V (typ. 3.3V)
• DVDD: 1.6 ∼ 3.6V (typ. 3.3V)
• SVDD: 2.2 ∼ 4.0 V (typ. 3.3V)
12. Power supply Current: 19mA
13. Package: 32pin QFN (5mm x 5mm, 0.5mm pitch)
14. Pin/Register Compatible with AK4642EN/AK4643EN
■ Block Diagram
AVDD
AVSS
VCOM
DVDD
DVSS
PMMP
MPWR
CCLK
CDTIO
PMADL or PMADR
RIN1
PDN
MIC-Amp
LIN2
External
MIC
Control
Register
PMADL
LIN1
Internal
MIC
CSN
MIC Power
Supply
A/D
HPF
PMADR
PMADCL
or
PMADCR
or
PMDAC
RIN2
BICK
HPF
LRCK
LPF
SDTO
Stereo
Separation
Audio
I/F
SDTI
5 Band
EQ
PMLO
LOUT
ALC
Line Out
ROUT
PMDAC
D/A
DATT DEM
SMUTE
PMSPK
MCKO
PMPLL
SPP
Speaker
SPN
PLL
MCKI
VCOC
PMBP
SVDD
SVSS
MIN
Figure 1. Block Diagram
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
-2-
[AK4646]
■ Ordering Guide
−30 ∼ +85°C
32pin QFN (0.5mm pitch)
Evaluation board for AK4646
AK4646EN
AKD4646
NC
NC
SVSS
SVDD
SPP
SPN
MCKO
MCKI
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
■ Pin Layout
LRCK
RIN2 / IN2−
29
Top View
12
SDTO
LIN2 / IN2+
30
11
SDTI
LIN1 / IN1−
31
10
CDTIO
RIN1 / IN1+
32
9
CCLK
8
13
CSN
AK4646EN
7
28
PDN
MIN
6
BICK
NC
14
5
27
VCOC
LOUT
4
DVDD
AVDD
15
3
26
AVSS
ROUT
2
DVSS
VCOM
16
1
25
MPWR
NC
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
-3-
[AK4646]
■ Comparison with AK4642/AK4643
1. Function
Function
AVDD
DVDD
Power Supply for SPK-Amp
Output Voltage of
MIC Power
MIC-Amp
HPF / LPF
Notch filter
ALC Recovery Operation
Waiting Period
Read of ALC Volume
Output Volume
AK4642
AK4643
2.6V ∼ 3.6V
2.6V ∼ 3.6V
2.6V ∼ 5.25V (HVDD)
0.75 x AVDD
AK4646
2.2V ∼ 3.6V
1.6V ∼ 3.6V
2.2V ∼ 4.0V (SVDD)
0.8 x AVDD
0dB/+20dB/+26dB/+32dB
0dB/+10dB/+17dB/+20dB/
+23dB/+26dB/+29dB/
+32dB
HPF : 2 Step, LPF : 1 Step
5 Band
128/fs ∼ 16384/fs
1 Step
No
128/fs ∼ 1024/fs
128/fs ∼ 16384/fs
No
No
+12dB ∼ -115dB, 0.5dB Step
Headphone-Amp
Yes
Bass Boost
Yes
Receiver-Amp
No
Yes
SPK-Amp Output Power
[email protected]
1.2W@5V
Analog Mixing
1 Mono
2 Stereo
ADC Input Selector
2 Stereo
3 Stereo
SPK-Amp Maximum Output 8.5Vpp@SVDD=5V
Voltage for Piezo Speaker
3-Wire(Write only), I2C-Bus
μP I/F
Audio I/F Format
DSP Mode
No
Yes
EXT Master Mode
No
Yes
Master Clock frequency for 11.2896MHz, 12MHz, 12.288MHz, 13.5MHz
PLL Mode
24MHz, 27MHz
Note 1. ALC and Volume circuits are shared by input and output. Therefore, it is
function at same time for both recording and playback mode.
MS0557-E-02
Yes
+36dB ∼ -54dB, 0.375dB Step
(Note 1)
0dB ∼ -18dB, 6dB Step
No
No
No
[email protected]
1 Mono
2 Stereo
6.33Vpp@SVDD=3.8V
3-Wire(Read/Write)
No
No
12MHz, 13.5MHz, 24MHz,
27MHz
impossible to use ALC and Volume
2007/05
-4-
[AK4646]
PIN/FUNCTION
No.
1
Pin Name
MPWR
I/O
O
2
VCOM
O
3
4
AVSS
AVDD
-
5
VCOC
O
6
NC
-
7
PDN
I
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
CSN
CCLK
CDTIO
SDTI
SDTO
LRCK
BICK
DVDD
DVSS
MCKI
MCKO
SPN
SPP
SVDD
SVSS
NC
I
I
I/O
I
O
I/O
I/O
I
O
O
O
-
Function
MIC Power Supply Pin
Common Voltage Output Pin, 0.5 x AVDD
Bias voltage of ADC inputs and DAC outputs.
Analog Ground Pin
Analog Power Supply Pin
Output Pin for Loop Filter of PLL Circuit
This pin should be connected to AVSS with one resistor and capacitor in series.
No Connect Pin
No internal bonding. This pin should be connected to Ground.
Power-Down Mode Pin
“H”: Power-up, “L”: Power-down, reset and initializes the control register.
Chip Select Pin
Control Data Clock Pin
Control Data Input and Output Pin
Audio Serial Data Input Pin
Audio Serial Data Output Pin
Input / Output Channel Clock Pin
Audio Serial Data Clock Pin
Digital Power Supply Pin
Digital Ground Pin
External Master Clock Input Pin
Master Clock Output Pin
Speaker Amp Negative Output Pin
Speaker Amp Positive Output Pin
Speaker Amp Power Supply Pin
Speaker Amp Ground Pin
No Connect Pin
No internal bonding. This pin should be connected to Ground or Open.
ROUT
O
Rch Stereo Line Output Pin
LOUT
O
Lch Stereo Line Output Pin
MIN
I
Mono Signal Input Pin
RIN2
I
Rch Analog Input 2 Pin
(MDIF2 bit = “0”, Single-ended Input)
29
I
Microphone Negative Input 2 Pin
(MDIF2 bit = “1”, Full-differential Input)
IN2−
LIN2
I
Lch Analog Input 2 Pin
(MDIF2 bit = “0”, Single-ended Input)
30
IN2+
I
Microphone Positive Input 2 Pin
(MDIF2 bit = “1”, Full-differential Input)
LIN1
I
Lch Analog Input 1 Pin
(MDIF1 bit = “0”, Single-ended Input)
31
I
Microphone Negative Input 1 Pin
(MDIF1 bit = “1”, Full-differential Input)
IN1−
RIN1
I
Rch Analog Input 1 Pin
(MDIF1 bit = “0”, Single-ended Input)
32
IN1+
I
Microphone Positive Input 1 Pin
(MDIF1 bit = “1”, Full-differential Input)
Note 2. All input pins except analog input pins (MIN, LIN1, RIN1, LIN2, RIN2) should not be left floating.
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
-5-
[AK4646]
■ Handling of Unused Pin
The unused I/O pins should be processed appropriately as below.
Classification
Analog
Digital
Pin Name
MPWR, VCOC, SPN, SPP, ROUT, LOUT, MIN,
RIN2/IN2−, LIN2/IN2+, LIN1/IN1−, RIN1/IN1+
MCKO
MCKI
MS0557-E-02
Setting
These pins should be open.
This pin should be open.
This pin should be connected to DVSS.
2007/05
-6-
[AK4646]
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(AVSS, DVSS, SVSS=0V; Note 3)
Parameter
Power
Analog
Supplies:
Digital
Speaker-Amp
|AVSS – DVSS|
(Note 4)
|AVSS – SVSS|
(Note 4)
Input Current, Any Pin Except Supplies
Analog Input Voltage (Note 5)
Digital Input Voltage (Note 6)
Ambient Temperature (powered applied)
Storage Temperature
Maximum Power Dissipation (Note 7)
Symbol
min
max
Units
AVDD
−0.3
4.6
V
DVDD
SVDD
ΔGND1
ΔGND2
IIN
VINA
VIND
Ta
Tstg
Pd1
−0.3
−0.3
−0.3
−0.3
−30
−65
-
4.6
4.6
0.3
0.3
±10
AVDD+0.3
DVDD+0.3
85
150
450
V
V
V
V
mA
V
V
°C
°C
mW
Note 3. All voltages are with respect to ground.
Note 4. AVSS, DVSS and SVSS must be connected to the same analog ground plane.
Note 5.MIN, RIN2/IN2−, LIN2/IN2+, LIN1/IN1−, RIN1/IN1+ pins
Note 6. PDN, CSN, CCLK, CDTIO, SDTI, LRCK, BICK, MCKI pins
Pull-up resistors at SDA and SCL pins should be connected to DVDD or less voltage.
Note 7. In case that PCB wiring density is 100%. This power is the AK4646 internal dissipation that does not include
power of externally connected speaker.
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device.
Normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(AVSS, DVSS, SVSS=0V; Note 3)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
Power Supplies
Analog
AVDD
2.2
3.3
(Note 8) Digital
DVDD
1.6
3.3
SPK-Amp (Note 9)
SVDD
2.2
3.3
Difference
DVDD−AVDD
DVDD−SVDD
Max
3.6
3.6
4.0
+0.3
+0.3
Units
V
V
V
V
V
Note 3. All voltages are with respect to ground.
Note 8. The power-up sequence between AVDD, DVDD and SVDD is not critical. When AVDD or SVDD is powered
OFF, the power supply current of DVDD at power-down mode may be increased. When the power supplies are
partially powered OFF, the AK4646 must be reset by bringing PDN pin “L” after these power supplies are
powered ON again.
Note 9. SVDD = 2.2 ∼ 3.6V when 8Ω dynamic speaker is connected to the AK4646.
* AKEMD assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this datasheet.
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
-7-
[AK4646]
ANALOG CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta=25°C; AVDD, DVDD, SVDD=3.3V; AVSS=DVSS=SVSS=0V; fs=44.1kHz, BICK=64fs;
Signal Frequency=1kHz; 16bit Data; Measurement frequency=20Hz ∼ 20kHz; unless otherwise specified)
min
typ
max
Units
Parameter
MIC Amplifier: LIN1, RIN1, LIN2, RIN2 pins; MDIF1 = MDIF2 bits = “0” (Single-ended inputs)
Input Resistance
20
30
40
kΩ
0
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “000”
+20
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “001”
Gain
+26
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “010”
+32
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “011”
+10
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “100”
+17
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “101”
+23
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “110”
+29
dB
MGAIN2-0 bits = “111”
MIC Amplifier: IN1+, IN1−, IN2+, IN2− pins; MDIF1 = MDIF2 bits = “1” (Full-differential input)
Input Voltage (Note 10)
0.242
Vpp
MGAIN2-0 bits = “001”
0.121
Vpp
MGAIN2-0 bits = “010”
0.061
Vpp
MGAIN2-0 bits = “011”
0.765
Vpp
MGAIN2-0 bits = “100”
0.342
Vpp
MGAIN2-0 bits = “101”
0.171
Vpp
MGAIN2-0 bits = “110”
0.086
Vpp
MGAIN2-0 bits = “111”
MIC Power Supply: MPWR pin
Output Voltage (Note 11)
2.38
2.64
2.90
V
Load Resistance
0.5
kΩ
Load Capacitance
30
pF
ADC Analog Input Characteristics: LIN1/RIN1/LIN2/RIN2 pins → ADC → IVOL, IVOL=0dB, ALC=OFF
Resolution
16
Bits
(Note 13)
0.178
0.210
0.242
Vpp
Input Voltage (Note 12)
1.78
2.10
2.42
Vpp
(Note 14)
(Note 13)
73
83
dBFS
S/(N+D) (−1dBFS)
88
dBFS
(Note 14)
(Note 13)
76
86
dB
D-Range (−60dBFS, A-weighted)
95
dB
(Note 14)
(Note 13)
76
86
dB
S/N
(A-weighted)
95
dB
(Note 14)
(Note 13)
75
90
dB
Interchannel Isolation
100
dB
(Note 14)
(Note 13)
0.1
0.8
dB
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
0.1
0.8
dB
(Note 14)
Note 10. The voltage difference between IN1/2+ and IN1/2− pins. AC coupling capacitor should be inserted in series at
each input pin. Full-differential mic input is not available at MGAIN2-0 bits = “000”. Maximum input voltage of
IN1+, IN1−, IN2+ and IN2− pins is proportional to AVDD voltage, respectively.
Vin = |(IN1/2+) − (IN1/2−)| = 0.073 x AVDD (max)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “001”, 0.037 x AVDD
(max)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “010”, 0.018 x AVDD (max)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “011”, 0.232 x AVDD
(max)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “100”, 0.104 x AVDD (max)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “101”, 0.052 x AVDD
(max)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “110”, 0.026 x AVDD (max)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “111”
Note 11. Output voltage is proportional to AVDD voltage. Vout = 0.8 x AVDD (typ)
Note 12. Input voltage is proportional to AVDD voltage Vin = 0.0636 x AVDD (typ)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “001” (+20dB),
Vin = 0.636 x AVDD (typ)@MGAIN2-0 bits = “000” (0dB)
Note 13. MGAIN2-0 bits = “001” (+20dB)
Note 14. MGAIN2-0 bits = “000” (0dB)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
-8-
[AK4646]
min
typ
max
Units
Parameter
DAC Characteristics:
Resolution
16
Bits
Stereo Line Output Characteristics: DAC → LOUT, ROUT pins, ALC=OFF, OVOL=0dB,
LOVL1-0 bit = “00”, RL=10kΩ
Output Voltage (Note 15)
1.78
1.98
2.18
Vpp
LOVL1-0 bit = “00”
2.25
2.50
2.75
Vpp
LOVL1-0 bit = “01”
S/(N+D) (−3dBFS)
78
88
dBFS
S/N
(A-weighted)
82
92
dB
Interchannel Isolation
85
100
dB
Interchannel Gain Mismatch
0.1
0.8
dB
Load Resistance
10
kΩ
Load Capacitance
30
pF
Speaker-Amp Characteristics: DAC → SPP/SPN pins, ALC=OFF, OVOL=0dB, RL=8Ω, BTL, SVDD=3.3V
Output Voltage (Note 16)
3.18
Vpp
SPKG1-0 bits = “00”, −0.5dBFS (Po=150mW)
3.20
4.00
4.80
Vpp
SPKG1-0 bits = “01”, −0.5dBFS (Po=250mW)
1.79
Vrms
SPKG1-0 bits = “10”, −0.5dBFS (Po=400mW)
S/(N+D)
60
dB
SPKG1-0 bits = “00”, −0.5dBFS (Po=150mW)
20
50
dB
SPKG1-0 bits = “01”, −0.5dBFS (Po=250mW)
20
dB
SPKG1-0 bits = “10”, −0.5dBFS (Po=400mW)
S/N
(A-weighted)
80
90
dB
Load Resistance
8
Ω
Load Capacitance
30
pF
Note 15. Output voltage is proportional to AVDD voltage.Vout = 0.6 x AVDD (typ)@LOVL bit = “0”.
Note 16. Output voltage is proportional to AVDD voltage.
In case of Full-differential, Vout = 0.94 x AVDD (typ)@SPKG1-0 bits = “00”, 1.21 x AVDD (typ)@SPKG1-0
bits = “01”, 2.05 x AVDD (typ)@SPKG1-0 bits = “10”, 2.58 x AVDD (typ)@SPKG1-0 bits = “11”
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
-9-
[AK4646]
min
typ
max
Units
Parameter
Speaker-Amp Characteristics: DAC → SPP/SPN pins, ALC=OFF,OVOL=0dB, CL=3μF, Rserial=10Ω x 2, BTL,
SVDD=3.8V
Output
6.33
Vpp
SPKG1-0 bits = “11”, -0.5dBFS
Voltage
(Note 16)
S/(N+D)
60
dB
SPKG1-0 bits = “11”, -0.5dBFS
(Note 17)
S/N
(A-weighted)
90
dB
Load Impedance (Note 18)
50
Ω
Load Capacitance (Note 18)
3
μF
Mono Input: MIN pin (External Input Resistance=20kΩ)
Maximum Input Voltage (Note 19)
1.98
Vpp
Gain (Note 20)
MIN Æ LOUT/ROUT LOVL1-0 bit = “00”
-4.5
0
+4.5
dB
+2
dB
LOVL1-0 bit = “01”
+4
dB
LOVL1-0 bit = “10”
+6
dB
LOVL1-0 bit = “11”
MIN Æ SPP/SPN
+0.1
+4.6
+9.1
dB
ALC bit = “0”, SPKG1-0 bits = “00”
+6.6
dB
ALC bit = “0”, SPKG1-0 bits = “01”
+8.6
dB
ALC bit = “0”, SPKG1-0 bits = “10”
+10.6
dB
ALC bit = “0”, SPKG1-0 bits = “11”
+6.6
dB
ALC bit = “1”, SPKG1-0 bits = “00”
+8.6
dB
ALC bit = “1”, SPKG1-0 bits = “01”
+10.6
dB
ALC bit = “1”, SPKG1-0 bits = “10”
+12.6
dB
ALC bit = “1”, SPKG1-0 bits = “11”
Power Supplies:
Power Up (PDN pin = “H”)
All Circuit Power-up (Note 21)
AVDD+DVDD
15
23
mA
SVDD (No Output)
4
12
mA
Power Down (PDN pin = “L”) (Note 22)
AVDD+DVDD+SVDD
1
100
μA
Note 17. In case of measuring at SPP and SPN pins.
Note 18. Load impedance is total impedance of series resistance and piezo speaker impedance at 1kHz in Figure 34. Load
capacitance is capacitance of piezo speaker. When piezo speaker is used, 10Ω or more series resistors should be
connected at both SPP and SPN pins, respectively.
Note 19. Maximum voltage is in proportion to both AVDD and external input resistance (Rin).
Vin = 0.636 x AVDD x Rin / 20kΩ (typ).
Note 20. The gain is in inverse proportion to external input resistance
Note 21. PLL Master Mode (MCKI=12MHz); PMADL = PMADR = PMDAC = PMLO = PMSPK = PMVCM = PMPLL
= MCKO = PMBP = PMMP = M/S bits = “1”. MPWR pin outputs 0mA.
AVDD= 10mA(typ), DVDD=5mA(typ).
EXT Slave Mode (PMPLL = M/S = MCKO bits = “0”): AVDD=10mA(typ), DVDD=4mA(typ).
Note 22. All digital input pins are fixed to DVDD or DVSS.
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 10 -
[AK4646]
FILTER CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; AVDD =2.2 ∼ 3.6V, DVDD =1.6 ∼ 3.6V, SVDD =2.2 ∼ 4.0V; fs=44.1kHz; DEM=OFF)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
max
ADC Digital Filter (Decimation LPF):
Passband (Note 23)
PB
0
17.3
±0.16dB
19.4
−0.66dB
19.9
−1.1dB
22.1
−6.9dB
Stopband
SB
26.1
Passband Ripple
PR
±0.1
Stopband Attenuation
SA
73
Group Delay (Note 24)
GD
19
Group Delay Distortion
0
ΔGD
DAC Digital Filter (LPF):
Passband (Note 23)
PB
0
20.0
±0.05dB
22.05
−6.0dB
Stopband
SB
24.1
Passband Ripple
PR
±0.02
Stopband Attenuation
SA
54
Group Delay (Note 24)
GD
20
DAC Digital Filter (LPF) + SCF:
FR
Frequency Response: 0 ∼ 20.0kHz
±1.0
Units
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
kHz
dB
dB
1/fs
μs
kHz
kHz
kHz
dB
dB
1/fs
dB
Note 23. The passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs (system sampling rate).
For example, ADC is PB = 20.0kHz = 0.454*fs (@-1.0dB). Each response refers to that of 1kHz.
Note 24. The calculation delay time caused by digital filtering. This time is from the input of analog signal to setting of the
16-bit data of both channels to the output register of the ADC. This time includes the group delay of the HPF. For
the DAC, this time is from setting the 16-bit data of both channels from the input register to the output of analog
signal.
DC CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; AVDD =2.2 ∼ 3.6V, DVDD =1.6 ∼ 3.6V, SVDD =2.2 ∼ 4.0V)
Parameter
Symbol
min
70%DVDD
VIH
High-Level Input Voltage
(DVDD ≥ 2.2V)
80%DVDD
(DVDD < 2.2V)
VIL
Low-Level Input Voltage
(DVDD ≥ 2.2V)
(DVDD < 2.2V)
High-Level Output Voltage
(Iout=−80μA)
VOH
DVDD−0.4
Low-Level Output Voltage
(Iout= 80μA)
VOL
Input Leakage Current
Iin
-
MS0557-E-02
typ
-
max
30%DVDD
20%DVDD
0.4
±10
Units
V
V
V
V
V
V
μA
2007/05
- 11 -
[AK4646]
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C; AVDD =2.2 ∼ 3.6V, DVDD =1.6 ∼ 3.6V, SVDD =2.2 ∼ 4.0V; CL=20pF)
Parameter
Symbol
min
typ
PLL Master Mode (PLL Reference Clock = MCKI pin)
MCKI Input Timing
Frequency
fCLK
12
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
0.4/fCLK
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
0.4/fCLK
MCKO Output Timing
Frequency
fMCK
0.2352
Duty Cycle
Except 256fs at fs=32kHz, 29.4kHz
dMCK
40
50
256fs at fs=32kHz, 29.4kHz
dMCK
33
LRCK Output Timing
Frequency
fs
7.35
Duty Cycle
Duty
50
BICK Output Timing
Period
tBCK
1/(32fs)
BCKO bit = “0”
tBCK
1/(64fs)
BCKO bit = “1”
Duty Cycle
dBCK
50
PLL Slave Mode (PLL Reference Clock = MCKI pin)
MCKI Input Timing
Frequency
fCLK
12
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
0.4/fCLK
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
0.4/fCLK
MCKO Output Timing
Frequency
fMCK
0.2352
Duty Cycle
Except 256fs at fs=32kHz, 29.4kHz
dMCK
40
50
256fs at fs=32kHz, 29.4kHz
dMCK
33
LRCK Input Timing
Frequency
fs
7.35
Duty
Duty
45
BICK Input Timing
Period
tBCK
1/(64fs)
Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
0.4 x tBCK
Pulse Width High
tBCKH
0.4 x tBCK
-
MS0557-E-02
max
Units
27
-
MHz
ns
ns
12.288
MHz
60
-
%
%
48
-
kHz
%
-
ns
ns
%
27
-
MHz
ns
ns
12.288
MHz
60
-
%
%
48
55
kHz
%
1/(32fs)
-
ns
ns
ns
2007/05
- 12 -
[AK4646]
Parameter
Symbol
PLL Slave Mode (PLL Reference Clock = LRCK pin)
LRCK Input Timing
Frequency
fs
Duty
Duty
BICK Input Timing
Period
tBCK
Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
Pulse Width High
tBCKH
PLL Slave Mode (PLL Reference Clock = BICK pin)
LRCK Input Timing
Frequency
fs
Duty
Duty
BICK Input Timing
Period
tBCK
PLL3-0 bits = “0010”
tBCK
PLL3-0 bits = “0011”
Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
Pulse Width High
tBCKH
External Slave Mode
MCKI Input Timing
Frequency
256fs
fCLK
512fs
fCLK
1024fs
fCLK
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
LRCK Input Timing
Frequency
256fs
fs
512fs
fs
1024fs
fs
Duty
Duty
BICK Input Timing
Period
tBCK
Pulse Width Low
tBCKL
Pulse Width High
tBCKH
External Master Mode
MCKI Input Timing
Frequency
256fs
fCLK
512fs
fCLK
1024fs
fCLK
Pulse Width Low
tCLKL
Pulse Width High
tCLKH
LRCK Output Timing
Frequency
fs
Duty Cycle
Duty
BICK Input Timing
Period
BCKO bit = “0”
tBCK
BCKO bit = “1”
tBCK
Duty Cycle
dBCK
MS0557-E-02
min
typ
max
Units
7.35
45
-
48
55
kHz
%
1/(64fs)
240
240
-
1/(32fs)
-
ns
ns
ns
7.35
45
-
48
55
kHz
%
0.4 x tBCK
0.4 x tBCK
1/(32fs)
1/(64fs)
-
-
ns
ns
ns
ns
1.8816
3.7632
7.5264
0.4/fCLK
0.4/fCLK
-
12.288
13.312
13.312
-
MHz
MHz
MHz
ns
ns
7.35
7.35
7.35
45
-
48
26
13
55
kHz
kHz
kHz
%
312.5
130
130
-
-
ns
ns
ns
1.8816
3.7632
7.5264
0.4/fCLK
0.4/fCLK
-
12.288
13.312
13.312
-
MHz
MHz
MHz
ns
ns
7.35
-
50
48
-
kHz
%
-
1/(32fs)
1/(64fs)
50
-
ns
ns
%
2007/05
- 13 -
[AK4646]
Parameter
Audio Interface Timing
Master Mode
BICK “↓” to LRCK Edge (Note 25)
LRCK Edge to SDTO (MSB)
(Except I2S mode)
BICK “↓” to SDTO
SDTI Hold Time
SDTI Setup Time
Slave Mode
LRCK Edge to BICK “↑” (Note 25)
BICK “↑” to LRCK Edge (Note 25)
LRCK Edge to SDTO (MSB)
(Except I2S mode)
BICK “↓” to SDTO
SDTI Hold Time
SDTI Setup Time
Control Interface Timing
CCLK Period
CCLK Pulse Width Low
Pulse Width High
CDTIO Setup Time
CDTIO Hold Time
CSN “H” Time
CSN Edge to CCLK “↑” (Note 26)
CCLK “↑” to CSN Edge (Note 26)
CCLK “↓” to CDTIO (at Read Command)
CSN “↑” to CDTIO (Hi-Z) (at Read Command)
Power-down & Reset Timing
PDN Pulse Width
(Note 27)
PMADL or PMADR “↑“ to SDTO valid (Note 28)
Symbol
min
typ
max
Units
tMBLR
tLRD
−40
−70
-
40
70
ns
ns
tBSD
tSDH
tSDS
−70
50
50
-
70
-
ns
ns
ns
tLRB
tBLR
tLRD
50
50
-
-
80
ns
ns
ns
tBSD
tSDH
tSDS
50
50
-
80
-
ns
ns
ns
tCCK
tCCKL
tCCKH
tCDS
tCDH
tCSW
tCSS
tCSH
tDCD
tCCZ
200
80
80
40
40
150
50
50
-
-
70
70
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
ns
tPD
tPDV
150
-
1059
-
ns
1/fs
Note 25. BICK rising edge must not occur at the same time as LRCK edge.
Note 26. CCLK rising edge must not occur at the same time as CSN edge.
Note 27. The AK4646 can be reset by the PDN pin = “L”.
Note 28. This is the count of LRCK “↑” from the PMADL or PMADR bit = “1”.
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 14 -
[AK4646]
■ Timing Diagram
1/fCLK
VIH
MCKI
VIL
tCLKH
tCLKL
1/fs
50%DVDD
LRCK
tLRCKH
tLRCKL
1/fMCK
Duty = tLRCKH x fs x 100
tLRCKL x fs x 100
50%DVDD
MCKO
tMCKL
dMCK = tMCKL x fMCK x 100
Note 29. MCKO is not available at EXT Master mode.
Figure 2. Clock Timing (PLL / EXT Master mode)
50%DVDD
LRCK
tBLR
tBCKL
BICK
50%DVDD
tDLR
tBSD
SDTO
50%DVDD
tSDS
tSDH
VIH
SDTI
VIL
Figure 3. Audio Interface Timing (PLL/EXT Master mode)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 15 -
[AK4646]
1/fCLK
VIH
MCKI
VIL
tCLKH
tCLKL
1/fs
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tLRCKH
tLRCKL
tBCK
Duty = tLRCKH x fs x 100
= tLRCKL x fs x 100
VIH
BICK
VIL
tBCKH
tBCKL
fMCK
50%DVDD
MCKO
tMCKL
dMCK = tMCKL x fMCK x 100
Figure 4. Clock Timing (PLL Slave mode; PLL Reference Clock = MCKI pin)
1/fCLK
VIH
MCKI
VIL
tCLKH
tCLKL
1/fs
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tLRCKH
tLRCKL
Duty = tLRCKH x fs x 100
tLRCKL x fs x 100
tBCK
VIH
BICK
VIL
tBCKH
tBCKL
Figure 5. Clock Timing (EXT Slave mode)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 16 -
[AK4646]
VIH
LRCK
VIL
tLRB
tBLR
VIH
BICK
VIL
tBSD
tLRD
SDTO
50%DVDD
MSB
tSDH
tSDS
VIH
SDTI
VIL
Figure 6. Audio Interface Timing (PLL/EXT Slave mode)
VIH
CSN
VIL
tCSH
tCCKL
tCSS
tCCKH
VIH
CCLK
VIL
tCCK
tCDH
tCDS
VIH
CDTIO
C1
C0
R/W
VIL
Figure 7. WRITE Command Input Timing
tCSW
VIH
CSN
VIL
tCSH
tCSS
VIH
CCLK
VIL
VIH
CDTIO
D2
D1
D0
VIL
Figure 8. WRITE Data Input Timing
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 17 -
[AK4646]
VIH
CSN
VIL
VIH
CCLK
Clock, H or L
tCCZ
tDCD
CDTIO
D3
VIL
D2
D1
D0
Hi-Z
50%
DVDD
Figure 9. Read Data Output Timing
PMADL bit
or
PMADR bit
tPDV
SDTO
50%DVDD
Figure 10. Power Down & Reset Timing 1
tPD
PDN
VIL
Figure 11. Power Down & Reset Timing 2
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 18 -
[AK4646]
OPERATION OVERVIEW
■ System Clock
There are the following five clock modes to interface with external devices (Table 1 and Table 2).
Mode
PMPLL bit
M/S bit
PLL3-0 bits
Figure
PLL Master Mode (Note 30)
1
1
Table 4
Figure 12
PLL Slave Mode 1
Table 4
Figure 13
1
0
(PLL Reference Clock: MCKI pin)
PLL Slave Mode 2
Figure 14
Table 4
1
0
Figure 15
(PLL Reference Clock: LRCK or BICK pin)
EXT Slave Mode
0
0
x
Figure 16
EXT Master Mode
0
1
x
Figure 17
Note 30. If M/S bit = “1”, PMPLL bit = “0” and MCKO bit = “1” during the setting of PLL Master Mode, the invalid
clocks are output from MCKO pin when MCKO bit is “1”.
Table 1. Clock Mode Setting (x: Don’t care)
Mode
MCKO bit
0
PLL Master Mode
1
0
PLL Slave Mode
(PLL Reference Clock: MCKI pin)
1
MCKO pin
“L”
Selected by
PS1-0 bits
“L”
Selected by
PS1-0 bits
MCKI pin
Selected by
PLL3-0 bits
Selected by
PLL3-0 bits
PLL Slave Mode
(PLL Reference Clock: LRCK or BICK pin)
0
“L”
GND
EXT Slave Mode
0
“L”
Selected by
FS3-0 bits
EXT Master Mode
0
“L”
Selected by
FS1-0 bits
Note 31. When PMVCM bit = M/S bit = “1” and MCKI is input, LRCK and BICK are
PMADL bit = PMADR bit = “0”.
Table 2. Clock pins state in Clock Mode
BICK pin
LRCK pin
Output
Output
(Selected by
(1fs)
BCKO bit)
Input
Input
(Selected by
(1fs)
BCKO bit)
Input
Input
(Selected by
(1fs)
BCKO bit)
Input
Input
(1fs)
(≥ 32fs)
Output
Output
(Selected by
(1fs)
BCKO bit)
output, even if PMDAC bit =
■ Master Mode/Slave Mode
The M/S bit selects either master or slave mode. M/S bit = “1” selects master mode and “0” selects slave mode. When the
AK4646 is power-down mode (PDN pin = “L”) and exits reset state, the AK4646 is slave mode. After exiting reset state,
the AK4646 goes to master mode by changing M/S bit = “1”.
When the AK4646 is on the master mode, LRCK and BICK pins are a floating state until M/S bit becomes “1”. LRCK and
BICK pins of the AK4646 should be pulled-down or pulled-up by the resistor (about 100kΩ) externally to avoid the
floating state.
M/S bit
Mode
0
Slave Mode
1
Master Mode
Table 3. Select Master/Slave Mode
MS0557-E-02
(default)
2007/05
- 19 -
[AK4646]
■ PLL Mode
When PMPLL bit is “1”, a fully integrated analog phase locked loop (PLL) generates a clock that is selected by the
PLL3-0 and FS3-0 bits. The PLL lock time is shown in Table 4, when the AK4646 is supplied stable clocks after PLL is
powered-up (PMPLL bit = “0” → “1”) or when the sampling frequency is changed.
1) Setting of PLL Mode
Mode
PLL3
bit
PLL2
bit
PLL1
bit
PLL0
bit
0
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
PLL
Reference
Clock Input
Pin
LRCK pin
N/A
BICK pin
3
0
0
1
1
BICK pin
6
7
12
13
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
Others
Others
Input
Frequency
1fs
32fs
64fs
R and C of
VCOC pin
R[Ω] C[F]
6.8k
10k
10k
10k
10k
10k
10k
10k
10k
220n
4.7n
10n
4.7n
10n
10n
10n
10n
10n
MCKI pin
12MHz
MCKI pin
24MHz
MCKI pin
13.5MHz
MCKI pin
27MHz
N/A
Table 4. Setting of PLL Mode (*fs: Sampling Frequency)
PLL Lock
Time
(max)
160ms
2ms
4ms
2ms
4ms
40ms
40ms
40ms
40ms
(default)
2) Setting of sampling frequency in PLL Mode
When PLL2 bit is “1” (PLL reference clock input is MCKI pin), the sampling frequency is selected by FS3-0 bits as
defined in Table 5.
Mode
FS3 bit
FS2 bit
FS1 bit
FS0 bit
Sampling Frequency
0
0
0
0
0
8kHz
(default)
1
0
0
0
1
12kHz
2
0
0
1
0
16kHz
3
0
0
1
1
24kHz
4
0
1
0
0
7.35kHz
5
0
1
0
1
11.025kHz
6
0
1
1
0
14.7kHz
7
0
1
1
1
22.05kHz
10
1
0
1
0
32kHz
11
1
0
1
1
48kHz
14
1
1
1
0
29.4kHz
15
1
1
1
1
44.1kHz
Others
Others
N/A
Table 5. Setting of Sampling Frequency at PLL2 bit = “1” and PMPLL bit = “1” (Reference Clock = MCKI pin)
When PLL2 bit is “0” (PLL reference clock input is LRCK or BICK pin), the sampling frequency is selected by FS3 and
FS2 bits. (Table 6).
FS3 bit
FS2 bit
Sampling Frequency
Mode
FS1 bit
FS0 bit
Range
0
0
0
Don’t care Don’t care
(default)
7.35kHz ≤ fs ≤ 12kHz
0
1
1
Don’t care Don’t care
12kHz < fs ≤ 24kHz
1
0
2
Don’t care Don’t care
24kHz < fs ≤ 48kHz
Others
Others
N/A
Table 6. Setting of Sampling Frequency at PLL2 bit = “0” and PMPLL bit = “1” PLL Slave Mode 2
(PLL Reference: Clock: LRCK or BICK pin)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 20 -
[AK4646]
■ PLL Unlock State
1) PLL Master Mode (PMPLL bit = “1”, M/S bit = “1”)
In this mode, LRCK and BICK pins go to “L” and irregular frequency clock is output from MCKO pins at MCKO bit is
“1” before the PLL goes to lock state after PMPLL bit = “0” Æ “1”. If MCKO bit is “0”, MCKO pin goes to “L” (Table
7).
After the PLL is locked, a first period of LRCK and BICK may be invalid clock, but these clocks return to normal state
after a period of 1/fs.
When sampling frequency is changed, BICK and LRCK pins do not output irregular frequency clocks but go to “L” by
setting PMPLL bit to “0”.
MCKO pin
MCKO bit = “0” MCKO bit = “1”
“L” Output
Invalid
“L” Output
Invalid
PLL State
BICK pin
After that PMPLL bit “0” Æ “1”
“L” Output
PLL Unlock (except the case
Invalid
above)
PLL Lock
“L” Output
Table 9
Table 10
Table 7. Clock Operation at PLL Master Mode (PMPLL bit = “1”, M/S bit = “1”)
LRCK pin
“L” Output
Invalid
1fs Output
2) PLL Slave Mode (PMPLL bit = “1”, M/S bit = “0”)
In this mode, an invalid clock is output from MCKO pin before the PLL goes to lock state after PMPLL bit = “0” Æ “1”.
Then, the clock selected by Table 9 is output from MCKO pin when PLL is locked. ADC and DAC output invalid data
when the PLL is unlocked. For DAC, the output signal should be muted by writing “0” to DACL and DACS bits.
MCKO pin
MCKO bit = “0” MCKO bit = “1”
After that PMPLL bit “0” Æ “1”
“L” Output
Invalid
PLL Unlock
“L” Output
Invalid
PLL Lock
“L” Output
Output
Table 8. Clock Operation at PLL Slave Mode (PMPLL bit = “0”, M/S bit = “0”)
PLL State
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 21 -
[AK4646]
■ PLL Master Mode (PMPLL bit = “1”, M/S bit = “1”)
When an external clock (12MHz, 13.5MHz, 24MHz or 27MHz) is input to MCKI pin, the MCKO, BICK and LRCK
clocks are generated by an internal PLL circuit. The MCKO output frequency is selected by PS1-0 bits (Table 9) and the
output is enabled by MCKO bit. The BICK output frequency is selected between 32fs or 64fs, by BCKO bit (Table 10).
12MHz, 13.5MHz, 24MHz, 27MHz
DSP or μP
AK4646
MCKI
256fs/128fs/64fs/32fs
MCKO
32fs, 64fs
BICK
1fs
LRCK
MCLK
BCLK
LRCK
SDTO
SDTI
SDTI
SDTO
Figure 12. PLL Master Mode
Mode
PS1 bit
PS0 bit
MCKO pin
0
0
0
256fs
(default)
1
0
1
128fs
2
1
0
64fs
3
1
1
32fs
Table 9. MCKO Output Frequency (PLL Mode, MCKO bit = “1”)
BICK Output
Frequency
0
32fs
(default)
1
64fs
Table 10. BICK Output Frequency at Master Mode
BCKO bit
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 22 -
[AK4646]
■ PLL Slave Mode (PMPLL bit = “1”, M/S bit = “0”)
A reference clock of PLL is selected among the input clocks to MCKI, BICK or LRCK pin. The required clock for the
AK4646 is generated by an internal PLL circuit. Input frequency is selected by PLL3-0 bits (Table 4).
a) PLL reference clock: MCKI pin
BICK and LRCK inputs should be synchronized with MCKO output. The phase between MCKO and LRCK dose not
matter. MCKO pin outputs the frequency selected by PS1-0 bits (Table 9) and the output is enabled by MCKO bit.
Sampling frequency can be selected by FS3-0 bits (Table 5).
12MHz, 13.5MHz, 24MHz, 27MHz
AK4646
DSP or μP
MCKI
MCKO
BICK
LRCK
256fs/128fs/64fs/32fs
≥ 32fs
1fs
MCLK
BCLK
LRCK
SDTO
SDTI
SDTI
SDTO
Figure 13. PLL Slave Mode 1 (PLL Reference Clock: MCKI pin)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 23 -
[AK4646]
b) PLL reference clock: BICK or LRCK pin
Sampling frequency corresponds to 7.35kHz to 48kHz by changing FS3-0 bits (Table 6).
AK4646
DSP or μP
MCKO
MCKI
BICK
LRCK
32fs or 64fs
1fs
BCLK
LRCK
SDTO
SDTI
SDTI
SDTO
Figure 14. PLL Slave Mode 2 (PLL Reference Clock: LRCK or BICK pin)
AK4646
DSP or μP
MCKO
MCKI
BICK
LRCK
≥ 32fs
1fs
BCLK
LRCK
SDTO
SDTI
SDTI
SDTO
Figure 15 PLL Slave Mode 2 (PLL Reference Clock: LRCK pin)
The external clocks (MCKI, BICK and LRCK) should always be present whenever the ADC or DAC is in operation
(PMADL bit = “1”, PMADR bit = “1” or PMDAC bit = “1”). If these clocks are not provided, the AK4646 may draw
excess current and it is not possible to operate properly because utilizes dynamic refreshed logic internally. If the external
clocks are not present, the ADC and DAC should be in the power-down mode (PMADL=PMADR=PMDAC bits = “0”).
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 24 -
[AK4646]
■ EXT Slave Mode (PMPLL bit = “0”, M/S bit = “0”)
When PMPLL bit is “0”, the AK4646 becomes EXT mode. Master clock can directly be inputted from MCKI pin, without
the internal PLL circuit operation. This mode is compatible with I/F of the normal audio CODEC. The clocks required to
operate this mode are MCKI (256fs, 512fs or 1024fs), LRCK (fs) and BICK (≥32fs). The master clock (MCKI) should be
synchronized with LRCK. The phase between these clocks does not matter. The input frequency of MCKI is selected by
FS1-0 bits (Table 11).
Mode
0
1
2
3
Others
MCKI Input
Sampling Frequency
Frequency
Range
Don’t care
0
0
256fs
7.35kHz ∼ 48kHz
Don’t care
0
1
1024fs
7.35kHz ∼ 13kHz
Don’t care
1
0
512fs
7.35kHz ∼ 26kHz
Don’t care
1
1
256fs
7.35kHz ∼ 48kHz
Others
N/A
N/A
Table 11. MCKI Frequency at EXT Slave Mode (PMPLL bit = “0”, M/S bit = “0”)
FS3-2 bits
FS1 bit
FS0 bit
(default)
The S/N of the DAC at low sampling frequencies is worse than at high sampling frequencies due to out-of-band noise.
The out-of-band noise can be improved by using higher frequency of the master clock. The S/N of the DAC output
through LOUT/ROUT pins at fs=8kHz is shown in Table 12.
S/N
(fs=8kHz, 20kHzLPF + A-weighted)
256fs
83dB
512fs
93dB
1024fs
93dB
Table 12. Relationship between MCKI and S/N of LOUT/ROUT pins
MCKI
The external clocks (MCKI, BICK and LRCK) should always be present whenever the ADC or DAC is in operation
(PMADL bit = “1”, PMADR bit = “1” or PMDAC bit = “1”). If these clocks are not provided, the AK4646 may draw
excess current and it is not possible to operate properly because utilizes dynamic refreshed logic internally. When the
external clocks are not present, the ADC and DAC should be in the power-down mode (PMADL=PMADR=PMDAC bits
= “0”).
AK4646
DSP or μP
MCKO
256fs, 512fs or 1024fs
MCKI
BICK
LRCK
MCLK
≥ 32fs
1fs
BCLK
LRCK
SDTO
SDTI
SDTI
SDTO
Figure 16. EXT Slave Mode
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 25 -
[AK4646]
■ EXT Master Mode (PMPLL bit = “0”, M/S bit = “1”)
The AK4646 becomes EXT Master Mode by setting PMPLL bit = “0” and M/S bit = “1”. Master clock is input from
MCKI pin, the internal PLL circuit is not operated. The clock required to operate is MCKI (256fs, 512fs or 1024fs). The
input frequency of MCKI is selected by FS1-0 bits (Table 13).
Mode
0
1
2
3
MCKI Input
Sampling Frequency
Frequency
Range
Don’t care
0
0
256fs
7.35kHz ∼ 48kHz
Don’t care
0
1
1024fs
7.35kHz ∼ 13kHz
Don’t care
1
0
256fs
7.35kHz ∼ 48kHz
Don’t care
1
1
512fs
7.35kHz ∼ 26kHz
Table 13. MCKI Frequency at EXT Master Mode (PMPLL bit = “0”, M/S bit = “1”)
FS3-2 bits
FS1 bit
FS0 bit
(default)
The S/N of the DAC at low sampling frequencies is worse than at high sampling frequencies due to out-of-band noise.
The out-of-band noise can be improved by using higher frequency of the master clock. The S/N of the DAC output
through LOUT/ROUT pins at fs=8kHz is shown in Table 14.
S/N
(fs=8kHz, 20kHzLPF + A-weighted)
256fs
83dB
512fs
93dB
1024fs
93dB
Table 14. Relationship between MCKI and S/N of LOUT/ROUT pins
MCKI
MCKI should always be present whenever the ADC or DAC is in operation (PMADL bit = “1”, PMADR bit = “1” or
PMDAC bit = “1”). If MCKI is not provided, the AK4646 may draw excess current and it is not possible to operate
properly because utilizes dynamic refreshed logic internally. If MCKI is not present, the ADC and DAC should be in the
power-down mode (PMADL=PMADR=PMDAC bits = “0”).
AK4646
DSP or μP
MCKO
256fs, 512fs or 1024fs
MCKI
MCLK
32fs or 64fs
BICK
1fs
LRCK
BCLK
LRCK
SDTO
SDTI
SDTI
SDTO
Figure 17. EXT Master Mode
BICK Output
Frequency
0
32fs
(default)
1
64fs
Table 15. BICK Output Frequency at Master Mode
BCKO bit
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[AK4646]
■ System Reset
Upon power-up, the PDN pin should be “L” and be changed from “L” to “H” after all power supply are supplied. “L” time
of 150ns or more is needed to reset in the AK4646. This ensures that all internal registers reset to their initial values.
The ADC enters an initialization cycle that starts when the PMADL or PMADR bit is changed from “0” to “1”. The
initialization cycle time is 1059/fs=24ms@fs=44.1kHz. During the initialization cycle, the ADC digital data outputs of
both channels are forced to a 2's compliment, “0”. The ADC output reflects the analog input signal after the initialization
cycle is complete.
The DAC outputs unexpected data after PMDAC bit “0” → “1” until 67/fs = 1.52ms@fs = 44.1kHz, then the DAC starts
outputting the normal voltage.
(Note) The initial data of ADC has the offset data that depends on the condition of the microphone and the cut-off
frequency of HPF. If this offset isn’t small, don’t use the initial data of ADC.
■ Audio Interface Format
Three types of data formats are available and selected by setting the DIF1-0 bits (Table 16). In all modes, the serial data is
MSB first, 2’s complement format. Audio interface formats can be used in both master and slave modes. LRCK and BICK
are output from the AK4646 in master mode, but must be input to the AK4646 in slave mode. The SDTO is clocked out on
the falling edge (“↓”) of BICK and the SDTI is latched on the rising edge (“↑”).
Mode
0
1
2
3
DIF1 bit
0
0
1
1
DIF0 bit
0
1
0
1
SDTO (ADC)
SDTI (DAC)
N/A
N/A
MSB justified
LSB justified
MSB justified
MSB justified
I2S compatible
I2S compatible
Table 16. Audio Interface Format
BICK
N/A
≥ 32fs
≥ 32fs
≥ 32fs
Figure
Figure 18
Figure 19
Figure 20
(default)
If 16-bit data that ADC outputs is converted to 8-bit data by removing LSB 8-bit, “−1” at 16bit data is converted to “−1”
at 8-bit data. And when the DAC playbacks this 8-bit data, “−1” at 8-bit data will be converted to “−256” at 16-bit data
which is a large offset. This offset can be removed by adding the offset of “128” to 16-bit data before converting to 8-bit
data.
MS0557-E-02
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[AK4646]
LRCK
0 1 2 3
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 2 3
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1
BICK(32fs)
SDTO(o)
15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15
SDTI(i)
15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15
0 1 2 3
15 16 17 18
31 0 1 2 3
15 16 17 18
31 0 1
BICK(64fs)
SDTO(o)
SDTI(i)
1 0
15 14 13
15 14 13
15 14
Don't Care
1 0
1 0
Don't Care
15
15 14
2 1 0
15:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 18. Mode 1 Timing
LRCK
0 1 2 3
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 2 3
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1
BICK(32fs)
SDTO(o)
15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15
SDTI(i)
15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 13
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15
0 1 2 3
15 16 17 18
31 0 1 2 3
15 16 17 18
31 0 1
BICK(64fs)
SDTO(o)
15 14 13
1 0
SDTI(i)
15 14 13
1 0
Don't Care
15 14 13
1 0
15 14 13
1 0
15
Don't Care
15
15:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 19. Mode 2 Timing
MS0557-E-02
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[AK4646]
LRCK
0 1 2 3
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 2 3
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1
BICK(32fs)
SDTO(o)
0 15 14
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
SDTI(i)
0 15 14
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
0 1 2 3
15 16 17 18
31 0 1 2 3
15 16 17 18
31 0 1
BICK(64fs)
SDTO(o)
15 14
2 1 0
SDTI(i)
15 14
2 1 0
Don't Care
15 14
2 1 0
15 14
2 1 0
Don't Care
15:MSB, 0:LSB
Lch Data
Rch Data
Figure 20. Mode 3 Timing
■ Mono/Stereo Mode
PMADL and PMADR bits set mono/stereo ADC operation.
When changing ADC operation, PMADL and PMADR bits should be set “0” at first.
PMADL bit
0
0
1
1
PMADR bit
ADC Lch data
0
All “0”
1
Rch Input Signal
0
Lch Input Signal
1
Lch Input Signal
Table 17. Mono/Stereo ADC operation
MS0557-E-02
ADC Rch data
All “0”
Rch Input Signal
Lch Input Signal
Rch Input Signal
(default)
2007/05
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[AK4646]
■ MIC/LINE Input Selector
The AK4646 has an input selector. When MDIF1 and MDIF2 bits are “0”, INL and INR bits select LIN1/LIN2 and
RIN1/RIN2, respectively. When MDIF1 and MDIF2 bits are “1”, LIN1, RIN1, LIN2 and RIN2 pins become IN1−, IN1+,
IN2+ and IN2− pins respectively. In this case, full-differential input is available (Figure 22).
MDIF1 bit
MDIF2 bit
INL bit
INR bit
0
1
0
1
x
x
0
Lch
LIN1
LIN1
LIN2
LIN2
LIN1(Note 32)
N/A
N/A
Rch
RIN1
(default)
0
RIN2
0
RIN1
0
1
RIN2
0
IN2+/−
1
1
N/A
N/A
0
x
RIN2(Note
1
1
IN1+/−
33)
1
x
x
IN1+/−
IN2+/−
Note 32. Any signal should be input to RIN1 pin, when MDIF1 bit = “0”, MDIF2 bit = “1” and INL bit = “0”.
Note 33. Any signal should be input to LIN2 pin, when MDIF1 bit = “1”, MDIF2 bit = “0” and INL bit = “1”.
Table 18. MIC/Line in Path Select
AK4646
INL bit
LIN1/IN1− pin
ADC Lch
RIN1/IN1+ pin
MDIF1 bit
INR bit
RIN2/IN2− pin
ADC Rch
LIN2/IN2+ pin
MDIF2 bit
Figure 21. Mic/Line Input Selector
AK4646
MPWR pin
R1
1k
MIC-Amp
INx− pin
INx+ pin
R2
1k
Figure 22. Connection Example for Full-differential Mic Input (MDIF1/2 bits = “1”)
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2007/05
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[AK4646]
■ MIC Gain Amplifier
The AK4646 has a gain amplifier for microphone input. The gain of MIC-Amp is selected by the MGAIN2-0 bits (Table
19). The typical input impedance is 30kΩ (typ).
MGAIN2 bit
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
MGAIN1 bit MGAIN0 bit
Input Gain
0
0
0dB
0
1
+20dB
1
0
+26dB
1
1
+32dB
0
0
+10dB
0
1
+17dB
1
0
+23dB
1
1
+29dB
Table 19. Mic Input Gain
(default)
■ MIC Power
When PMMP bit = “1”, the MPWR pin supplies power for the microphone. This output voltage is typically 0.8 x AVDD
and the load resistance is minimum 0.5kΩ. In case of using two sets of stereo microphone, the load resistance is minimum
2kΩ for each channel. Any capacitor must not be connected directly to MPWR pin (Figure 23).
PMMP bit
MPWR pin
0
Hi-Z
1
Output
Table 20. MIC Power
(default)
MIC Power
≥ 2kΩ
≥ 2kΩ
≥ 2kΩ
≥ 2kΩ
MPWR pin
Microphone
LIN1 pin
Microphone
RIN1 pin
Microphone
LIN2 pin
Microphone
RIN2 pin
Figure 23. MIC Block Circuit
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[AK4646]
■ Digital Block
The digital block consists of block diagram as shown in Figure 24. HPF ~ ALC blocks are used for recording path when
DAFIL bit = “0” and either ADC (Lch or Rch) is powered-up. Also HPF ~ ALC blocks are used for playback path when
DAFIL bit = “1” or both ADC (Lch and Rch) are powered-down (Figure 24 ~ Figure 27, Table 21). The SDTO pin
outputs “L” when DAFIL bit = “1”, even if ADC is powered-up.
PMADCL/R bit
SDTI
ADC
HPFAD bit
1st Order
HPF
PMADL bit
PMADR bit
PMDAC bit
DAFIL bit
HPF bit
LPF bit
1st Order
HPF
1st Order
LPF
FIL3 bit
Stereo
Separation
EQ0 bit
GN1-0 bits
Gain
Compensation
EQ5-1 bit
Digital
Programmable
Filter Block
SW1
“1”
“0”
ALC1/2 bits
5 Band
EQ
ALC
(Volume)
“1”
“0”
SW2
PMDAC bit
DATT
SDTO
SMUTE
DAC
SW1, SW2: see Table 21
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
ADC: Include the Digital Filter (LPF) for ADC as shown in “FILTER CHRACTERISTICS”.
DAC: Include the Digital Filter (LPF) for DAC as shown in “FILTER CHRACTERISTICS”.
HPF: High Pass Filter. Applicable to use as Wind-Noise Reduction Filter. (See “Programmable Filter”)
LPF: Low Pass Filter (See “Digital Programmable Filter”.)
Stereo Separation: Digital Separation Emphasis Filter (See “Digital Programmable Filter”)
Gain Compensation: Composed of the Equalizer (EQ0) and the Gain (0bB/+12dB/+24dB). Compensate the
frequency response and the gain after the Stereo Separation Emphasis Filter.
(7) 5-Band Notch: Applicable to use as Equalizer or Notch Filter. (See “Digital Programmable Filter”)
(8) ALC: Input Digital Volume with ALC function. (See “Input Digital Volume” and “ALC”)
(9) DATT: 4-band Digital Volume for recording path. (See “Digital Volume 2”)
(10) SMUTE: Soft mute. (See “Soft Mute”.)
Figure 24 Digital Block Path Select
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[AK4646]
DAFIL
LOOP
bit
bit
bit
x
0
0
x
0
0
x
0
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
“x”: Don’t Care
Table 21. Recording Playback Mode
PMADL
PMADR
bit
1
1
0
0
x
1
1
0
bit
1
0
1
0
x
1
0
1
Mode
Recording Mode
Playback Mode
Loop Through
Mode
Figure 24 SW
SW1
SW2
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
PMDAC
Figure
Figure 25
Figure 26
Figure 27
LPF bit, HPF bit, FIL3 bit, EQ0 bit, EQ1 bit, EQ2 bit, EQ3 bit, EQ4 bit, EQ5 bit, ACL1 bit and ALC2 bit should be “0”
when selecting those modes.
ADC
DAC
2nd Order
1st Order
HPF
LPF
SMUTE
Stereo
Separation
Gain
Compensation
5 Band
EQ
ALC
(Volume)
DATT
Figure 25. Path at Recording Mode (default)
1st Order
ADC
“0” Data
HPF
DAC
SMUTE
DATT
ALC
(Volume)
5 Band
EQ
Gain
Compensation
Stereo
Separation
1st Order
1st Order
LPF
HPF
Figure 26. Path at Playback Mode
ADC
DAC
2nd Order
1st Order
HPF
LPF
SMUTE
Stereo
Separation
Gain
Compensation
5 Band
EQ
ALC
(Volume)
DATT
Figure 27. Path at Loop Through Mode
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[AK4646]
■ Digital Programmable Filter Circuit
(1) High Pass Filter (HPF)
Normally, this HPF is used for a Wind-Noise Reduction Filter. This is composed with 2 steps of 1st order HPF. The
coefficient of both HPF is the same and set by F1A13-0 bits and F1B13-0 bits. HPFAD bit controls ON/OFF of the 1st
step HPF and HPF bit controls ON/OFF of the 2nd step HPF. When the HPF is OFF, the audio data passes this block by
0dB gain. The coefficient should be set when HPFAD=HPF bits = “0” or PMADL=PMADR= PMDAC bits = “0”.
fs: Sampling frequency
fc: Cut-off frequency
Register setting (Note 34)
HPF: F1A[13:0] bits =A, F1B[13:0] bits =B
(MSB=F1A13, F1B13; LSB=F1A0, F1B0)
1 − 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
1 / tan (πfc/fs)
A=
,
B=
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
Transfer function
1 − z −1
H(z) = A
1 + Bz −1
The cut-off frequency should be set as below.
fc/fs ≥ 0.0001 (fc min = 4.41Hz at 44.1kHz)
(2) Low Pass Filter (LPF)
This is composed with 1st order LPF. F2A13-0 bits and F2B13-0 bits set the coefficient of LPF. LPF bit controls ON/OFF
of the LPF. When the LPF is OFF, the audio data passes this block by 0dB gain. The coefficient should be set when LPF
bit = “0” or PMADL=PMADR=PMDAL=PMDAR bits = “0”.
fs: Sampling frequency
fc: Cut-off frequency
Register setting (Note 34)
LPF: F2A[13:0] bits =A, F2B[13:0] bits =B
(MSB=F2A13, F1B13; LSB=F2A0, F2B0)
1 − 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
1
A=
,
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
B=
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
Transfer function
1 + z −1
H(z) = A
1 + Bz −1
The cut-off frequency should be set as below.
fc/fs ≥ 0.05 (fc min = 2205Hz at 44.1kHz)
MS0557-E-02
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[AK4646]
(3) Stereo Separation Emphasis Filter (FIL3)
FIL3 is used to emphasize the stereo separation of stereo mic recording data or playback data. F3A13-0 and F3B13-0 bits
set the filter coefficient of FIL3. FIL3 becomes High Pass Filter (HPF) at F3AS bit = “0”, and Low Pass Filter (LPF) at
F3AS bit = “1”. FIL3 bit controls ON/OFF of FIL3. When Stereo Separation Emphasis Filter is OFF, the audio data
passes this block by 0dB gain. The coefficient should be set when FIL3 bit = “0” or PMADL = PMADR = PMDAC bits
= “0”.
1) When FIL3 is set to “HPF”
fs: Sampling frequency
fc: Cut-off frequency
K: Filter gain [dB] (0dB ≥ K ≥ −10dB)
Register setting (Note 34)
FIL3: F3AS bit = “0”, F3A[13:0] bits =A, F3B[13:0] bits =B
(MSB=F3A13, F3B13; LSB=F3A0, F3B0)
A = 10K/20 x
1 − 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
1 / tan (πfc/fs)
,
B=
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
Transfer function
1 − z −1
H(z) = A
1 + Bz −1
2) When FIL3 is set to “LPF”
fs: Sampling frequency
fc: Cut-off frequency
K: Filter gain [dB] (0dB ≥ K ≥ −10dB)
Register setting (Note 34)
FIL3: F3AS bit = “1”, F3A [13:0] bits =A, F3B [13:0] bits =B
(MSB=F3A13, F3B13; LSB= F3A0, F3B0)
1 − 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
1
A = 10K/20 x
,
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
B=
1 + 1 / tan (πfc/fs)
Transfer function
1 + z −1
H(z) = A
1 + Bz −1
MS0557-E-02
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[AK4646]
(4) Gain Compensation (EQ0)
Gain Compensation is used to compensate the frequency response and the gain that is changed by Stereo Separation
Emphasis Filter. Gain Compensation is composed of the Equalizer (EQ0) and the Gain (0dB/+12dB/+24dB). E0A15-0,
E0B13-0 and E0C15-0 bits set the coefficient of EQ0. GN1-0 bits set the gain (Table 22). EQ0 bit controls ON/OFF of
EQ0. When EQ is OFF and the gain is 0dB, the audio data passes this block by 0dB gain. The coefficient should be set
when EQ0 bit = “0” or PMADL=PMADR= PMDAC bits = “0”.
fs: Sampling frequency
fc1: Pole frequency
fc2: Zero-point frequency
K: Filter gain [dB] (Maximum +12dB)
Register setting (Note 34)
E0A[15:0] bits =A, E0B[13:0] bits =B, E0C[15:0] bits =C
(MSB=E0A15, E0B13, E0C15; LSB=E0A0, E0B0, E0C0)
A = 10K/20 x
1 + 1 / tan (πfc2/fs)
1 + 1 / tan (πfc1/fs)
,
B=
1 − 1 / tan (πfc1/fs)
,
C =10K/20 x
1 + 1 / tan (πfc1/fs)
1 − 1 / tan (πfc2/fs)
1 + 1 / tan (πfc1/fs)
Transfer function
A + Cz −1
H(z) =
1 + Bz −1
Gain[dB]
K
fc1
fc2
Frequency
Figure 28. EQ0 Frequency Response
GN1
GN0
Gain
0
0
0dB
(default)
0
1
+12dB
1
x
+24dB
Table 22. Gain select of gain block (x: Don’t care)
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[AK4646]
(5) 5-band Notch
This block can be used as Equalizer or Notch Filter. 5-band Equalizer (EQ1, EQ2, EQ3, EQ4 and EQ5) is selected
ON/OFF independently by EQ1, EQ2, EQ3, EQ4 and EQ5 bits. When Equalizer is OFF, the audio data passes this block
by 0dB gain. E1A15-0, E1B15-0 and E1C15-0 bits set the coefficient of EQ1. E2A15-0, E2B15-0 and E2C15-0 bits set
the coefficient of EQ2. E3A15-0, E3B15-0 and E3C15-0 bits set the coefficient of EQ3. E4A15-0, E4B15-0 and E4C15-0
bits set the coefficient of EQ4. E5A15-0, E5B15-0 and E5C15-0 bits set the coefficient of EQ5. The EQx (x=1∼5)
coefficient should be set when EQx bit = “0” or PMADL=PMADR= PMDAC bits = “0”.
fs: Sampling frequency
fo1 ~ fo5: Center frequency
fb1 ~ fb5: Band width where the gain is 3dB different from center frequency
K1 ~ K5: Gain (−1 ≤ Kn ≤ 3)
Register setting (Note 34)
EQ1: E1A[15:0] bits =A1, E1B[15:0] bits =B1, E1C[15:0] bits =C1
EQ2: E2A[15:0] bits =A2, E2B[15:0] bits =B2, E2C[15:0] bits =C2
EQ3: E3A[15:0] bits =A3, E3B[15:0] bits =B3, E3C[15:0] bits =C3
EQ4: E4A[15:0] bits =A4, E4B[15:0] bits =B4, E4C[15:0] bits =C4
EQ5: E5A[15:0] bits =A5, E5B[15:0] bits =B5, E5C[15:0] bits =C5
(MSB=E1A15, E1B15, E1C15, E2A15, E2B15, E2C15, E3A15, E3B15, E3C15, E4A15, E4B15, E4C15,
E5A15, E5B15, E5C15; LSB= E1A0, E1B0, E1C0, E2A0, E2B0, E2C0, E3A0, E3B0, E3C0, E4A0, E4B0,
E4C0, E5A0, E5B0, E5C0)
An = Kn x
tan (πfbn/fs)
2
, Bn = cos(2π fon/fs) x
1 + tan (πfbn/fs)
1 + tan (πfbn/fs)
,
Cn =
1 − tan (πfbn/fs)
1 + tan (πfbn/fs)
(n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
Transfer function
H(z) = 1 + h1(z) + h2(z) + h3(z) + h4(z) + h5(z)
1 − z −2
hn (z) = An
1− Bnz −1− Cnz −2
(n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
The center frequency should be set as below.
fon / fs < 0.497
When gain of K is set to “-1”, the equalizer becomes notch filter. When it is used as notch filter, central frequency of a real
notch filter deviates from the above-mentioned calculation, if its central frequency of each band is near. The control soft
that is attached to the evaluation board has functions that revise a gap of frequency and calculate the coefficient. When its
central frequency of each band is near, the central frequency should be revised and confirm the frequency response.
Note 34. [Translation the filter coefficient calculated by the equations above from real number to binary code (2’s
complement)]
X = (Real number of filter coefficient calculated by the equations above) x 213
X should be rounded to integer, and then should be translated to binary code (2’s complement).
MSB of each filter coefficient setting register is sine bit.
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[AK4646]
■ ALC Operation
The ALC (Automatic Level Control) is operated by ALC block when ALC bit is “1”. When both Lch and Rch of ADC are
powered-down or DAFIL bit is “1”, ALC circuit operates at playback path. When either Lch and Rch of ADC is
powered-up and DAFIL bit is “0”, ALC circuit operates at recording path.
Note 35. In this section, VOL means IVL and IVR for recording path, OVL and OVR for playback path.
Note 36. In this section, ALC bit means ALC1 bit for recording path, ALC2 bit for playback path.
Note 37. In this section, REF means IREF for recording path, OREF for playback path.
1.
ALC Limiter Operation
During the ALC limiter operation, when either Lch or Rch exceeds the ALC limiter detection level (Table 23), the VOL
value (same value for both L and R) is attenuated automatically by the amount defined by the ALC limiter ATT step
(Table 24). The VOL is then set to the same value for both channels.
When ZELMN bit = “0” (zero cross detection is enabled), the VOL value is changed by ALC limiter operation at the
individual zero crossing points of Lch and Rch or at the zero crossing timeout. ZTM1-0 bits set the zero crossing timeout
period of both ALC limiter and recovery operation (Table 25). In addition, when LFST bit = “1”, in the case of a output
level exceeding FS, it is changed in 1Step (L/R common) instantly (cycle: 1/fs). In the case of an output level does not
exceeding FS, it is zero crossing or VOL value is changed at the time of being zero crossing timeout.
When ZELMN bit = “1” (zero cross detection is disabled), VOL value is immediately (period: 1/fs) changed by ALC
limiter operation. Attenuation step is fixed to 1 step regardless as the setting of LMAT1-0 bits.
The attenuation operation is done continuously until the input signal level becomes ALC limiter detection level (Table 23)
or less. After completing the attenuation operation, unless ALC bit is changed to “0”, the operation repeats when the input
signal level exceeds LMTH1-0 bits.
LMTH1
0
0
1
1
LMTH0 ALC Limiter Detection Level ALC Recovery Waiting Counter Reset Level
0
−2.5dBFS > ALC Output ≥ −4.1dBFS
ALC Output ≥ −2.5dBFS
1
−4.1dBFS > ALC Output ≥ −6.0dBFS
ALC Output ≥ −4.1dBFS
0
−6.0dBFS > ALC Output ≥ −8.5dBFS
ALC Output ≥ −6.0dBFS
1
−8.5dBFS > ALC Output ≥ −12dBFS
ALC Output ≥ −8.5dBFS
Table 23. ALC Limiter Detection Level / Recovery Counter Reset Level
(default)
ALC1 Limiter ATT Step
LMAT1
LMAT0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
ZTM1
ZTM0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
ALC1 Output ALC1 Output
≥ LMTH
≥ FS
ALC1 Output
≥ FS + 6dB
ALC1 Output
≥ FS + 12dB
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
4
4
1
2
4
Table 24. ALC Limiter ATT Step (x: Don’t care)
Zero Crossing Timeout Period
8kHz
16kHz
44.1kHz
128/fs
16ms
8ms
2.9ms
256/fs
32ms
16ms
5.8ms
512/fs
64ms
32ms
11.6ms
1024/fs
128ms
64ms
23.2ms
Table 25. ALC Zero Crossing Timeout Period
MS0557-E-02
1
2
8
8
(default)
(default)
2007/05
- 38 -
[AK4646]
2.
ALC Recovery Operation
The ALC recovery operation waits for the WTM2-0 bits (Table 26) to be set after completing the ALC limiter operation.
If the input signal does not exceed “ALC recovery waiting counter reset level” (Table 23) during the wait time, the ALC
recovery operation is done. The VOL value is automatically incremented by RGAIN1-0 bits (Table 27) up to the set
reference level (Table 28) with zero crossing detection which timeout period is set by ZTM1-0 bits (Table 25). Then the
IVL and IVR are set to the same value for both channels. The ALC recovery operation is done at a period set by WTM2-0
bits. When zero cross is detected at both channels during the wait period set by WTM2-0 bits, the ALC recovery operation
waits until WTM2-0 period and the next recovery operation is done.
For example, when the current VOL value is 30H and RGAIN1-0 bits are set to “01”, VOL is changed to 32H by the auto
limiter operation and then the input signal level is gained by 0.75dB (=0.375dB x 2). When the VOL value exceeds the
reference level (REF7-0), the VOL values are not increased.
When
“ALC recovery waiting counter reset level (LMTH1-0) ≤ Output Signal < ALC limiter detection level (LMTH1-0)”
during the ALC recovery operation, the waiting timer of ALC recovery operation is reset. When
“ALC recovery waiting counter reset level (LMTH1-0) > Output Signal”,
the waiting timer of ALC recovery operation starts.
The ALC operation corresponds to the impulse noise. When the impulse noise is input, the ALC recovery operation
becomes faster than a normal recovery operation. When large noise is input to microphone instantaneously, the quality of
small level in the large noise can be improved by this fast recovery operation. The speed of first recovery operation is set
by RFST1-0 bits(Table 30).
WTM2
WTM1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
ALC Recovery Operation Waiting Period
8kHz
16kHz
44.1kHz
0
128/fs
16ms
8ms
2.9ms
1
256/fs
32ms
16ms
5.8ms
0
512/fs
64ms
32ms
11.6ms
1
1024/fs
128ms
64ms
23.2ms
0
2048/fs
256ms
128ms
46.4ms
1
4096/fs
512ms
256ms
92.9ms
0
8192/fs
1024ms
512ms
185.8ms
1
16384/fs
2048ms
1024ms
371.5ms
Table 26. ALC Recovery Operation Waiting Period
WTM0
RGAIN1
0
0
1
1
RGAIN0
GAIN STEP
0
1 step
0.375dB
1
2 step
0.750dB
0
3 step
1.125dB
1
4 step
1.500dB
Table 27. ALC Recovery GAIN Step
MS0557-E-02
(default)
(default)
2007/05
- 39 -
[AK4646]
IREF7-0bits
GAIN(0dB)
Step
F1H
+36.0
F0H
+35.625
EFH
+35.25
:
:
E1H
+30.0
(default)
0.375dB
:
:
92H
+0.375
91H
0.0
90H
-0.375
:
:
2H
-53.625
1H
-54.0
0H
MUTE
Table 28. Reference Level at ALC Recovery operation for recoding
OREF5-0bits
GAIN(0dB)
Step
3CH
+36.0
3BH
+34.5
3AH
+33.0
:
:
28H
+6.0
(default)
1.5dB
:
:
25H
+1.5
24H
0.0
23H
-1.5
:
:
2H
-51.0
1H
-52.5
0H
-54.0
Table 29. Reference Level at ALC Recovery operation for playback
RFST1 bit
0
0
1
1
RFST0 bit
Recovery Speed
0
Quad Speed
1
8times
0
16times
1
N/A
Table 30. First Recovery Speed Setting
MS0557-E-02
(default)
2007/05
- 40 -
[AK4646]
3.
The Volume at the ALC Operation
The current volume value at the ALC operation is reflected by VOL7-0 bits. It is enable to check the current volume value
with reading the register value of VOL7-0 bits.
VOL7-0bits
GAIN(0dB)
F1H
+36.0
F0H
+35.625
EFH
+35.25
:
:
C5H
+19.5
:
:
92H
+0.375
91H
0.0
90H
-0.375
:
:
2H
-53.625
1H
-54.0
0H
MUTE
Table 31. Value of VOL7-0 bits
4.
Example of ALC Operation
Table 32 and Table 33 show the examples of the ALC setting for recording and playback path.
Register Name
Comment
LMTH1-0
ZELMN
ZTM1-0
Limiter detection Level
Limiter zero crossing detection
Zero crossing timeout period
Recovery waiting period
*WTM2-0 bits should be the same data
as ZTM1-0 bits
Maximum gain at recovery operation
WTM2-0
IREF7-0
IVL7-0,
IVR7-0
LMAT1-0
LFST
RGAIN1-0
RFST1-0
ALC1
Gain of IVOL
Data
01
0
01
fs=8kHz
Operation
−4.1dBFS
Enable
32ms
Data
01
0
11
fs=44.1kHz
Operation
−4.1dBFS
Enable
23.2ms
001
32ms
100
46.4ms
E1H
+30dB
E1H
+30dB
E1H
+30dB
E1H
+30dB
00
1
00
00
1
1 step
ON
1 step
4 times
Enable
Limiter ATT step
00
1 step
Fast Limiter Operation
1
ON
Recovery GAIN step
00
1 step
Fast Recovery Speed
00
4 times
ALC enable
1
Enable
Table 32. Example of the ALC setting (Recording)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 41 -
[AK4646]
Register Name
Comment
LMTH1-0
ZELMN
ZTM1-0
Limiter detection Level
Limiter zero crossing detection
Zero crossing timeout period
Recovery waiting period
*WTM2-0 bits should be the same data
as ZTM1-0 bits
Maximum gain at recovery operation
WTM2-0
OREF5-0
OVL7-0,
OVR7-0
LMAT1-0
LFST
RGAIN1-0
RFST1-0
ALC2
Data
01
0
01
Gain of VOL
fs=8kHz
Operation
−4.1dBFS
Enable
32ms
Data
01
0
11
fs=44.1kHz
Operation
−4.1dBFS
Enable
23.2ms
001
32ms
100
46.4ms
28H
+6dB
28H
+6dB
91H
0dB
91H
0dB
00
1
00
00
1
1 step
ON
1 step
4 times
Enable
Limiter ATT step
00
1 step
Fast Limiter Operation
1
ON
Recovery GAIN step
00
1 step
Fast Recovery Speed
00
4 times
ALC enable
1
Enable
Table 33. Example of the ALC Setting (Playback)
The following registers should not be changed during the ALC operation. These bits should be changed after the ALC
operation is finished by ALC bit = “0” or PMADL=PMADR bits = “0”.
• LMTH1-0, LMAT1-0, WTM2-0, ZTM1-0, RGAIN1-0, REF7-0, ZELMN, RFST1-0, LFST
Example:
Limiter = Zero crossing Enable
Recovery Cycle = 32ms@8kHz
Limiter and Recovery Step = 1
Maximum Gain = +30.0dB
Limiter Detection Level = −4.1dBFS
Manual Mode
ALC bit = “1”
WR (ZTM1-0, WTM2-0, RFST1-0)
(1) Addr=06H, Data=14H
WR (IREF7-0)
(2) Addr=08H, Data=E1H
WR (IVL/R7-0)
* The value of IVOL should be
(3) Addr=09H&0CH, Data=E1H
the same or smaller than REF’s
WR (RGAIN1, LMTH1)
(4) Addr=0BH, Data=28H
WR (LMAT1-0, RGAIN0, ZELMN, LMTH0; ALC= “1”)
(5) Addr=07H, Data=21H
ALC Operation
Note : WR : Write
Figure 29. Registers set-up sequence at ALC operation
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 42 -
[AK4646]
■ Input Digital Volume (Manual Mode)
The input digital volume becomes a manual mode at ALC1 bit = “0” when either Lch and Rch of ADC is powered-up
(PMADL bit = “1” or PMADR bit = “1”) and DAFIL bit is “0”. This mode is used in the case shown below.
1.
2.
3.
After exiting reset state, set-up the registers for the ALC operation (ZTM1-0, LMTH and etc)
When the registers for the ALC operation (Limiter period, Recovery period and etc) are changed.
For example; when the change of the sampling frequency.
When IVOL is used as a manual volume.
IVL7-0 and IVR7-0 bits set the gain of the volume control (Table 34). The IVOL value is changed at zero crossing or
timeout. The zero crossing timeout period is set by ZTM1-0 bits. If IVL7-0 or IVR7-0 bits are written during
PMADL=PMADR bits = “0”, IVOL operation starts with the written values at the end of the ADC initialization cycle
after PMADL or PMADR bit is changed to “1”.
If IVL7-0 or IVR7-0 bits are written during PMADL=PMADR bits = “0”, IVOL operation starts with the written values
at the end of the ADC initialization cycle after PMADL or PMADR bit is changed to “1”.
IVL7-0
IVR7-0
F1H
F0H
EFH
:
E2H
E1H
E0H
:
03H
02H
01H
00H
GAIN (dB)
Step
+36.0
+35.625
+35.25
:
+30.375
0.375dB
+30.0
+29.625
:
−53.25
−53.625
−54
MUTE
Table 34. Input Digital Volume Setting
MS0557-E-02
(default)
2007/05
- 43 -
[AK4646]
■ Output Digital Volume (Manual Mode)
The ALC block becomes output digital volume (manual mode) by setting ALC2 bit to “0” when both Lch and Rch of
ADC are powered-down (PMADL = PMADR bits = “1”) or DAFIL bit is “1”. The output digital volume gain is set by
the OVL7-0 bit and the OVR7-0 bit (Table 35). When the OVOLC bit = “1”, the OVL7-0 bits control both Lch and Rch
volume levels. When the OVOLC bit = “0”, the OVL7-0 bits control Lch level and the OVR7-0 bits control Rch level.
The OVOL value is changed at zero crossing or timeout. The zero crossing timeout period is set by ZTM1-0 bits.
OVL7-0 bits
GAIN(0dB)
Step
OVR7-0 bits
F1H
+36.0
F0H
+35.625
EFH
+35.25
:
:
0.375dB
92H
+0.375
91H
0.0
90H
-0.375
:
:
2H
-53.625
1H
-54.0
0H
MUTE
Table 35. Output Digital Volume Setting
(default)
When writing to the OVL7-0 bits and OVR7-0 bit continuously, the control register should be written by an interval more
than zero crossing timeout. If not, the zero crossing counter is reset at each time and the volume will not be changed.
However, it could be ignored when writing the same register value as the last time. In this case, zero crossing counter will
not be reset, so that it could be written by an interval less than zero crossing timeout.
■ Output Digital Volume 2
AK4646 has 4 steps output volume in addition to the volume setting by DATT1-0 bits. Lch and Rch have the same
volume values, which are set by DATT1-0 bits as shown in Table 36.
DATT1-0bits
0H
1H
2H
3H
GAIN(0dB)
Step
0.0
(default)
6.0dB
-6.0
-12.0
-18.1
Table 36. Output Digital Volume2 Setting
■ De-emphasis Filter
The AK4646 includes the digital de-emphasis filter (tc = 50/15μs) which corresponds 3 kinds frequency (32kHz, 44kHz,
48kHz) by IIR filter. Setting the DEM1-0 bits enables the de-emphasis filter (Table 37).
DEM1
0
0
1
1
DEM0
Mode
0
44.1kHz
1
OFF
(default)
0
48kHz
1
32kHz
Table 37. De-emphasis Control
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 44 -
[AK4646]
■ Soft Mute
Soft mute operation is performed in the digital input domain. When the SMUTE bit goes to “1”, the input signal is
attenuated by −∞ (“0”) during the cycle of 256/fs (5.8msec@fs=44.1kHz). When the SMUTE bit is returned to “0”, the
mute is cancelled and the input attenuation gradually changes to 0dB during the cycle of 256/fs (5.8msec@fs=44.1kHz).
If the soft mute is cancelled within the cycle of 256/fs (5.8msec@fs=44.1kHz), the attenuation is discontinued and
returned to 0dB. The soft mute for Playback operation is effective for changing the signal source without stopping the
signal transmission.
S M U T E bit
256/fs
0dB
256/fs
(1)
(3)
A ttenuation
-∞
GD
(2)
GD
A nalog O utput
Figure 30. Soft Mute Function
(1) The input signal is attenuated by −∞ (“0”) during the cycle of 256/fs (5.8msec@fs=44.1kHz).
(2) Analog output corresponding to digital input has the group delay (GD).
(3) If the soft mute is cancelled within the cycle of 256/fs (5.8msec@fs=44.1kHz), the attenuation is discounted and
returned to 0dB within the same cycle.
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 45 -
[AK4646]
■ Analog Mixing: Mono Input
When the PMBP bit is set to “1”, the mono input is powered-up. When the BEEPS bit is set to “1”, the input signal from
the MIN pin is output to Speaker-Amp. When the BEEPH bit is set to “1”, the input signal from the MIN pin is output to
Headphone-Amp. When the BEEPL bit is set to “1”, the input signal from the MIN pin is output to the stereo line output
amplifier. The external resister Ri adjusts the signal level of MIN input. Table 38, and Table 39 show the typical gain
example at Ri = 20k  This gain is in inverse proportion to Ri .
Ri
BEEPL
MIN
LOUT/ROUT pin
BEEPS
SPP/SPN pin
Figure 7. Block Diagram of MIN pin
LOVL1-0 bits
MIN Æ LOUT/ROUT
00
0dB
(default)
01
+2dB
10
+4dB
11
+6dB
Table 38. MIN Input Æ LOUT/ROUT Output Gain (typ) at Ri = 20kΩ
MIN Æ SPP/SPN
ALC2 bit = “1”
ALC2 bit = “0”
00
+4.6dB
+6.6dB
(default)
01
+6.6dB
+8.6dB
10
+8.6dB
+10.6dB
11
+10.6dB
+12.6dB
Table 39. MIN Input Æ Speaker-Amp Output Gain (typ) at Ri = 20kΩ
SPKG1-0 bits
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 46 -
[AK4646]
■ Stereo Line Output (LOUT/ROUT pins)
When DACL bit is “1”, Lch/Rch signal of DAC is output from the LOUT/ROUT pins which is single-ended. When
DACL bit is “0”, output signal is muted and LOUT/ROUT pins output VCOM voltage. The load impedance is 10kΩ
(min.). When the PMLO bit = LOPS bit = “0”, the stereo line output enters power-down mode and the output is
pulled-down to AVSS by 100kΩ(typ). When the LOPS bit is “1”, stereo line output enters power-save mode. Pop noise at
power-up/down can be reduced by changing PMLO bit at LOPS bit = “1”. In this case, output signal line should be
pulled-down to AVSS by 20kΩ after AC coupled as Figure 32. Rise/Fall time is 300ms (max) at C=1μF. When PMLO bit
= “1” and LOPS bit = “0”, stereo line output is in normal operation.
LOVL bit set the gain of stereo line output.
“DACL”
“LOVL”
LOUT pin
DAC
ROUT pin
Figure 31. Stereo Line Output
LOPS
0
1
PMLO
Mode
LOUT/ROUT pin
0
Power-down
Pull-down to AVSS
1
Normal Operation
Normal Operation
0
Power-save
Fall down to AVSS
1
Power-save
Rise up to VCOM
Table 40. Stereo Line Output Mode Select (x: Don’t care)
(default)
LOVL1-0 bits
Gain
00
0dB
(default)
01
+2dB
10
+4dB
11
+6dB
Table 41. Stereo Line Output Volume Setting
LOUT
ROUT
1μF
220Ω
20kΩ
Figure 32. External Circuit for Stereo Line Output (in case of using Pop Reduction Circuit)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 47 -
[AK4646]
[Stereo Line Output Control Sequence (in case of using Pop Reduction Circuit)]
(2 )
(5 )
P M L O b it
(1 )
(3 )
(4 )
(6 )
L O P S b it
L O U T , R O U T p in s
N o r m a l O u tp u t
≥ 300 m s
≥ 300 m s
Figure 33. Stereo Line Output Control Sequence (in case of using Pop Reduction Circuit)
(1) Set LOPS bit = “1”. Stereo line output enters the power-save mode.
(2) Set PMLO bit = “1”. Stereo line output exits the power-down mode.
LOUT and ROUT pins rise up to VCOM voltage. Rise time is 200ms (max 300ms) at C=1μF.
(3) Set LOPS bit = “0” after LOUT and ROUT pins rise up. Stereo line output exits the power-save mode.
Stereo line output is enabled.
(4) Set LOPS bit = “1”. Stereo line output enters power-save mode.
(5) Set PMLO bit = “0”. Stereo line output enters power-down mode.
LOUT and ROUT pins fall down to AVSS. Fall time is 200ms (max 300ms) at C=1μF.
(6) Set LOPS bit = “0” after LOUT and ROUT pins fall down. Stereo line output exits the power-save mode.
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 48 -
[AK4646]
■ Speaker Output
Power supply for Speaker-Amp (SVDD) is 2.2V to 4.0V. In case of dynamic (electromagnetic) speaker (load resistance <
50Ω), SVDD is 2.2V to 3.6V.
Speaker Type
Dynamic Speaker
Piezo (Ceramic) Speaker
Load Resistance (min)
50Ω (Note 18)
8Ω
Load Capacitance (max)
30pF
3μF (Note 18)
Note 18. Load impedance is total impedance of series resistance and piezo speaker impedance at 1kHz in 36HFigure 34.
Load capacitance is capacitance of piezo speaker. When piezo speaker is used, 10Ω or more series resistors
should be connected at both SPP and SPN pins, respectively.
Table 42. Speaker Type and Power Supply Range
The DAC output signal is input to the Speaker-amp as [(L+R)/2]. The Speaker-amp is mono and BTL output. The gain is
set by SPKG1-0 bits. Output level depends on AVDD voltage and SPKG1-0 bits.
SPKG1-0 bits
00
01
10
11
Gain
ALC2 bit = “1”
ALC2 bit = “0”
+4.6dB
+6.6dB
+6.6dB
+8.6dB
+8.6dB
+10.6dB
+10.6dB
+12.6dB
Table 43. SPK-Amp Gain
(default)
SPK-Amp Output (DAC Input = 0dBFS)
ALC2 bit = “0”
ALC2 bit = “1”
(LMTH1-0 bits = “00”)
00
3.37Vpp
3.17Vpp
01
4.23Vpp (Note 38)
4.00Vpp
10
5.33Vpp (Note 38)
5.04Vpp (Note 38)
11
6.71Vpp (Note 38)
6.33Vpp (Note 38)
Note 38. The output level is calculated by assuming that output signal is not clipped. In actual case, output signal may be
clipped when DAC outputs 0dBFS signal. DAC output level should be set to lower level by setting digital
volume so that Speaker-Amp output level is 4.0Vpp or less and output signal is not clipped.
Table 44. SPK-Amp Output Level
SPKG1-0 bits
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 49 -
[AK4646]
<Caution for using Piezo Speaker>
When a piezo speaker is used, resistances more than 10Ω should be inserted between SPP/SPN pins and speaker in series,
respectively, as shown in Figure 34. Zener diodes should be inserted between speaker and GND as shown in Figure 34, in
order to protect SPK-Amp of AK4646 from the power that the piezo speaker outputs when the speaker is pressured. Zener
diodes of the following zener voltage should be used.
0.92 x SVDD ≤ Zener voltage of zener diodo (ZD in Figure 34) ≤ SVDD+0.3V
Ex) In case of SVDD = 3.8V: 3.5V ≤ ZD ≤ 4.1V
For example, zener diode which zener voltage is 3.9V (Min: 3.7V, Max: 4.1V) can be used.
ZD
SPK-Amp
SPP
≥10Ω
SPN
≥10Ω
ZD
Figure 34. Speaker Output Circuit (In case of using piezo spearker)
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 50 -
[AK4646]
<Speaker-Amp Control Sequence>
Speaker-Amp is powered-up/down by PMSPK bit. When PMSPK bit is “0”, both SPP and SPN pins are in Hi-Z state.
When PMSPK bit is “1” and SPPSN bit is “0”, the Speaker-Amp enters power-save mode. In this mode, SPP pin is placed
in Hi-Z state and SPN pin goes to SVDD/2 voltage.
When the PMSPK bit is “1” after PDN pin is controlled from “L” to “H”, the SPP and SPN pins rise up from
power-save-mode. In this mode, the SPP pin is placed in a Hi-Z state and the SPN pin goes to SVDD/2 voltage. Because
the SPP and SPN pins rise up at power-save-mode, this mode can reduce pop noise. When the AK4646 is powered-down,
pop noise can be also reduced by first entering power-save-mode.
PMSPK
0
1
SPPSN
Mode
SPP
SPN
x
Power-down
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
0
Power-save
Hi-Z
SVDD/2
1
Normal Operation
Normal Operation Normal Operation
Table 45. Speaker-Amp Mode Setting (x: Don’t care)
(default)
PMSPK bit
>1ms
SPPSN bit
SPP pin
SPN pin
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
SVDD/2
SVDD/2
Hi-Z
Figure 35. Power-up/Power-down Timing for Speaker-Amp
MS0557-E-02
2007/05
- 51 -
[AK4646]
■ Serial Control Interface
Internal registers may be written by using the 3-wire µP interface pins (CSN, CCLK and CDTIO). The data on this
interface consists of Read/Write, Register address (MSB first, 7bits) and Control data (MSB first, 8bits). Each bit is
clocked in on the rising edge (“↑”) of CCLK. It is available for writing data on the rising edge of CSN. When reading
operation, CDTIO pin has become an output mode at the falling edge of 8th CCLIC and outputs D7-D0. The output
finishes on the rising edge of CSN. The CDTIO is placed in a Hi-Z state except outputting data at read operation mode.
Clock speed of CCLK is 5MHz (max). The value of internal registers are initialized by PDN pin = “L”.
Note 38. It is available for reading the address 00H~11H. When reading the address 12H ∼ 7FH, the register values are
invalid.
CSN
0
CCLK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 11 12 13 14 15
“H” or “L”
CDTIO “H” or “L”
“H” or “L”
A6 A5 R/W A4 A3 A2 A1 A0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
R/W:
A6-A0:
D7-D0:
“H” or “L”
READ/WRITE (“1”: WRITE, “0”: READ)
Register Address
Control data (Input) at Write Command
Output data (Output) at Read Command
Figure 36. Serial Control I/F Timing
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[AK4646]
■ Register Map
Addr
00H
01H
02H
03H
04H
05H
06H
07H
08H
09H
0AH
0BH
0CH
0DH
0EH
0FH
10H
11H
12H
13H
14H
15H
16H
17H
18H
19H
1AH
1BH
1CH
1DH
1EH
1FH
20H
21H
22H
23H
24H
25H
26H
27H
28H
29H
2AH
2BH
2CH
2DH
2EH
2FH
Register Name
Power Management 1
Power Management 2
Signal Select 1
Signal Select 2
Mode Control 1
Mode Control 2
Timer Select
ALC Mode Control 1
ALC Mode Control 2
Lch Input Volume Control
Output Volume Control
ALC Mode Control 3
Rch Input Volume Control
ALC LEVEL
Mode Control 3
Mode Control 4
Power Management 3
Digital Filter Select 1
FIL3 Co-efficient 0
FIL3 Co-efficient 1
FIL3 Co-efficient 2
FIL3 Co-efficient 3
EQ0-efficient 0
EQ0-efficient 1
EQ0-efficient 2
EQ0-efficient 3
EQ0-efficient 4
EQ0-efficient 5
HPF Co-efficient 0
HPF Co-efficient 1
HPF Co-efficient 2
HPF Co-efficient 3
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Rch
Output
Volume
Control
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
Reserved
LPF Co-efficient 0
LPF Co-efficient 1
LPF Co-efficient 2
LPF Co-efficient 3
D7
0
0
SPPSN
DAFIL
PLL3
PS1
0
LFST
REF7
D6
PMVCM
0
BEEPS
LOPS
PLL2
PS0
WTM2
ALC2
REF6
D5
PMBP
0
DACS
MGAIN1
PLL1
FS3
ZTM1
ALC1
REF5
D4
PMSPK
0
DACL
SPKG1
PLL0
0
ZTM0
ZELMN
REF4
D3
PMLO
M/S
0
SPKG0
BCKO
0
WTM1
LMAT1
REF3
D2
PMDAC
0
PMMP
BEEPL
0
FS2
WTM0
LMAT0
REF2
D1
0
MCKO
D0
PMADL
PMPLL
MGAIN2
MGAIN0
LOVL1
DIF1
FS1
RFST1
RGAIN0
REF1
LOVL0
DIF0
FS0
RFST0
LMTH0
REF0
IVL7
IVL6
IVL5
IVL4
IVL3
IVL2
IVL1
IVL0
OVL7
RGAIN1
IVR7
VOL7
READ
0
0
GN1
F3A7
F3AS
F3B7
0
E0A7
E0A15
E0B7
0
E0C7
E0C15
F1A7
0
F1B7
0
0
0
0
0
0
OVL6
LMTH1
IVR6
VOL6
LOOP
0
0
GN0
F3A6
0
F3B6
0
E0A6
E0A14
E0B6
0
E0C6
E0C14
F1A6
0
F1B6
0
0
0
0
0
0
OVL5
OREF5
IVR5
VOL5
SMUTE
0
0
LPF
F3A5
F3A13
F3B5
F3B13
E0A5
E0A13
E0B5
E0B13
E0C5
E0C13
F1A5
F1A13
F1B5
F1B13
0
0
0
0
0
OVL4
OREF4
IVR4
VOL4
OVOLC
0
MDIF2
HPF
F3A4
F3A12
F3B4
F3B12
E0A4
E0A12
E0B4
E0B12
E0C4
E0C12
F1A4
F1A12
F1B4
F1B12
0
0
0
0
0
OVL3
OREF3
IVR3
VOL3
DATT1
IVOLC
MDIF1
EQ0
F3A3
F3A11
F3B3
F3B11
E0A3
E0A11
E0B3
E0B11
E0C3
E0C11
F1A3
F1A11
F1B3
F1B11
0
0
0
0
0
OVL2
OREF2
IVR2
VOL2
DATT0
0
INR
FIL3
F3A2
F3A10
F3B2
F3B10
E0A2
E0A10
E0B2
E0B10
E0C2
E0C10
F1A2
F1A10
F1B2
F1B10
0
0
0
0
0
OVL1
OREF1
IVR1
VOL1
DEM1
0
INL
0
F3A1
F3A9
F3B1
F3B9
E0A1
E0A9
E0B1
E0B9
E0C1
E0C9
F1A1
F1A9
F1B1
F1B9
0
0
0
0
0
OVL0
OREF0
IVR0
VOL0
DEM0
0
PMADR
HPFAD
F3A0
F3A8
F3B0
F3B8
E0A0
E0A8
E0B0
E0B8
E0C0
E0C8
F1A0
F1A8
F1B0
F1B8
0
0
0
0
0
OVR7
OVR6
OVR5
OVR4
OVR3
OVR2
OVR1
OVR0
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A7
0
F2B7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A6
0
F2B6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A5
F2A13
F2B5
F2B13
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A4
F2A12
F2B4
F2B12
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A3
F2A11
F2B3
F2B11
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A2
F2A10
F2B2
F2B10
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A1
F2A9
F2B1
F2B9
0
0
0
0
0
0
F2A0
F2A8
F2B0
F2B8
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Addr
30H
31H
32H
33H
34H
35H
36H
37H
38H
39H
3AH
3BH
3CH
3DH
3EH
3FH
40H
41H
42H
43H
44H
45H
46H
47H
48H
49H
4AH
4BH
4CH
4DH
4EH
4FH
Register Name
Digital Filter Select 2
Reserved
E1 Co-efficient 0
E1 Co-efficient 1
E1 Co-efficient 2
E1 Co-efficient 3
E1 Co-efficient 4
E1 Co-efficient 5
E2 Co-efficient 0
E2 Co-efficient 1
E2 Co-efficient 2
E2 Co-efficient 3
E2 Co-efficient 4
E2 Co-efficient 5
E3 Co-efficient 0
E3 Co-efficient 1
E3 Co-efficient 2
E3 Co-efficient 3
E3 Co-efficient 4
E3 Co-efficient 5
E4 Co-efficient 0
E4 Co-efficient 1
E4 Co-efficient 2
E4 Co-efficient 3
E4 Co-efficient 4
E4 Co-efficient 5
E5 Co-efficient 0
E5 Co-efficient 1
E5 Co-efficient 2
E5 Co-efficient 3
E5 Co-efficient 4
E5 Co-efficient 5
D7
0
0
E1A7
E1A15
E1B7
E1B15
E1C7
E1C15
E2A7
E2A15
E2B7
E2B15
E2C7
E2C15
E3A7
E3A15
E3B7
E3B15
E3C7
E3C15
E4A7
E4A15
E4B7
E4B15
E4C7
E4C15
E5A7
E5A15
E5B7
E5B15
E5C7
E5C15
D6
0
0
E1A6
E1A14
E1B6
E1B14
E1C6
E1C14
E2A6
E2A14
E2B6
E2B14
E2C6
E2C14
E3A6
E3A14
E3B6
E3B14
E3C6
E3C14
E4A6
E4A14
E4B6
E4B14
E4C6
E4C14
E5A6
E5A14
E5B6
E5B14
E5C6
E5C14
D5
0
0
E1A5
E1A13
E1B5
E1B13
E1C5
E1C13
E2A5
E2A13
E2B5
E2B13
E2C5
E2C13
E3A5
E3A13
E3B5
E3B13
E3C5
E3C13
E4A5
E4A13
E4B5
E4B13
E4C5
E4C13
E5A5
E5A13
E5B5
E5B13
E5C5
E5C13
D4
EQ5
0
E1A4
E1A12
E1B4
E1B12
E1C4
E1C12
E2A4
E2A12
E2B4
E2B12
E2C4
E2C12
E3A4
E3A12
E3B4
E3B12
E3C4
E3C12
E4A4
E4A12
E4B4
E4B12
E4C4
E4C12
E5A4
E5A12
E5B4
E5B12
E5C4
E5C12
D3
EQ4
0
E1A3
E1A11
E1B3
E1B11
E1C3
E1C11
E2A3
E2A11
E2B3
E2B11
E2C3
E2C11
E3A3
E3A11
E3B3
E3B11
E3C3
E3C11
E4A3
E4A11
E4B3
E4B11
E4C3
E4C11
E5A3
E5A11
E5B3
E5B11
E5C3
E5C11
D2
EQ3
0
E1A2
E1A10
E1B2
E1B10
E1C2
E1C10
E2A2
E2A10
E2B2
E2B10
E2C2
E2C10
E3A2
E3A10
E3B2
E3B10
E3C2
E3C10
E4A2
E4A10
E4B2
E4B10
E4C2
E4C10
E5A2
E5A10
E5B2
E5B10
E5C2
E5C10
D1
EQ2
0
E1A1
E1A9
E1B1
E1B9
E1C1
E1C9
E2A1
E2A9
E2B1
E2B9
E2C1
E2C9
E3A1
E3A9
E3B1
E3B9
E3C1
E3C9
E4A1
E4A9
E4B1
E4B9
E4C1
E4C9
E5A1
E5A9
E5B1
E5B9
E5C1
E5C9
D0
EQ1
0
E1A0
E1A8
E1B0
E1B8
E1C0
E1C8
E2A0
E2A8
E2B0
E2B8
E2C0
E2C8
E3A0
E3A8
E3B0
E3B8
E3C0
E3C8
E4A0
E4A8
E4B0
E4B8
E4C0
E4C8
E5A0
E5A8
E5B0
E5B8
E5C0
E5C8
Note 39. PDN pin = “L” resets the registers to their default values.
Note 40. Unused bits must contain a “0” value.
Note 41. Reading of address 26H ~ 2FH, 12H ~ 24H and 32H ~ 7FH are not possible.
Note 42. Address 0DH is a read only register. Writing access to 0DH does not effect the operation.
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[AK4646]
■ Register Definitions
Addr
00H
Register Name
Power Management 1
R/W
Default
D7
0
R
0
D6
PMVCM
R/W
0
D5
PMBP
R/W
0
D4
PMSPK
R/W
0
D3
PMLO
R/W
0
D2
PMDAC
R/W
0
D1
0
R
0
D0
PMADL
R/W
0
PMADL: MIC-Amp Lch and ADC Lch Power Management
0: Power-down (default)
1: Power-up
When the PMADL or PMADR bit is changed from “0” to “1”, the initialization cycle (1059/fs=24ms
@44.1kHz) starts. After initializing, digital data of the ADC is output.
PMDAC: DAC Power Management
0: Power-down (default)
1: Power-up
PMLO: Stereo Line Out Power Management
0: Power-down (default)
1: Power-up
PMSPK: Speaker-Amp Power Management
0: Power-down (default)
1: Power-up
PMBP: MIN Input Power Management
0: Power-down (default)
1: Power-up
Both PMDAC and PMBP bits should be set to “1” when DAC is powered-up for playback. After that, BEEPL
or BEEPS bit is used to control each path when MIN input is used.
PMVCM: VCOM Power Management
0: Power-down (default)
1: Power-up
When any blocks are powered-up, the PMVCM bit must be set to “1”. PMVCM bit can be set to “0” only
when all power management bits of 00H, 01H,02H, 10H and MCKO bits are “0”.
Each block can be powered-down respectively by writing “0” in each bit of this address. When the PDN pin is “L”, all
blocks are powered-down regardless as setting of this address. In this case, register is initialized to the default value.
When all power management bits are “0” in the 00H, 01H, 02H and 10H addresses and MCKO bit is “0”, all blocks are
powered-down. The register values remain unchanged.
When neither ADC nor DAC are used, external clocks may not be present. When ADC or DAC is used, external clocks
must always be present.
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Addr
01H
Register Name
Power Management 2
R/W
Default
D7
0
R
0
D6
0
R
0
D5
0
R
0
D4
0
R
0
D3
M/S
R/W
0
D2
0
R
0
D3
0
R
0
D2
PMMP
R/W
0
D1
MCKO
R/W
0
D0
PMPLL
R/W
0
PMPLL: PLL Power Management
0: EXT Mode and Power-Down (default)
1: PLL Mode and Power-up
MCKO: Master Clock Output Enable
0: Disable: MCKO pin = “L” (default)
1: Enable: Output frequency is selected by PS1-0 bits.
M/S: Master / Slave Mode Select
0: Slave Mode (default)
1: Master Mode
Addr
02H
Register Name
Signal Select 1
R/W
Default
D7
SPPSN
R/W
0
D6
BEEPS
R/W
0
D5
DACS
R/W
0
D4
DACL
R/W
0
D1
D0
MGAIN2
MGAIN0
R/W
0
R/W
1
MGAIN2-0: MIC-Amp Gain Control (Table 19)
MGAIN1 bit is D5 bit of 03H.
PMMP: MPWR pin Power Management
0: Power-down: Hi-Z (default)
1: Power-up
DACL: Switch Control from DAC to Stereo Line Output
0: OFF (default)
1: ON
When PMLO bit is “1”, DACL bit is enabled. When PMLO bit is “0”, the LOUT/ROUT pins go to AVSS.
DACS: Switch Control from DAC to Speaker-Amp
0: OFF (default)
1: ON
When DACS bit is “1”, DAC output signal is input to Speaker-Amp.
BEEPS: Switch Control from MIN pin to Speaker-Amp
0: OFF (default)
1: ON
When BEEPS bit is “1”, mono signal is input to Speaker-Amp.
SPPSN: Speaker-Amp Power-Save Mode
0: Power-Save Mode (default)
1: Normal Operation
When SPPSN bit is “0”, Speaker-Amp is on power-save mode. In this mode, SPP pin goes to Hi-Z and SPN
pin is outputs SVDD/2 voltage. When PMSPK bit = “1”, SPPSN bit is enabled. After the PDN pin is set to
“L”, Speaker-Amp is in power-down mode since PMSPK bit is “0”.
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[AK4646]
Addr
03H
Register Name
Signal Select 2
R/W
Default
D7
DAFIL
R/W
0
D6
LOPS
R/W
0
D5
MGAIN1
R/W
0
D4
SPKG1
R/W
0
D3
SPKG0
R/W
0
D2
BEEPL
R/W
0
D1
LOVL1
R/W
0
D0
LOVL0
R/W
0
LOVL1-0: Output Stereo Line Gain Select (Table 41)
Default: 00(0dB)
BEEPL: Switch Control from MIN pin to Stereo Line Output
0: OFF (default)
1: ON
When PMLO bit is “1”, BEEPL bit is enabled. When PMLO bit is “0”, the LOUT/ROUT pins go to AVSS.
SPKG1-0: Speaker-Amp Output Gain Select (Table 43)
MGAIN1: MIC-Amp Gain Control (Table 19)
LOPS: Stereo Line Output Power-Save Mode
0: Normal Operation (default)
1: Power-Save Mode
DAFIL: Filter/ALC Path Select When PMADL bit = “1” or PMADR bit = “1”
0: ADC/Recording Path (default)
1: DAC/Playback Path
The SDTO pin outputs “L” with regardless of PMADL and PMADR bits when DAFIL bit = “1” and
PMDAC bit = “1”.
Addr
04H
Register Name
Mode Control 1
R/W
Default
D7
PLL3
R/W
0
D6
PLL2
R/W
0
D5
PLL1
R/W
0
D4
PLL0
R/W
0
D3
BCKO
R/W
0
D2
0
R
0
D1
DIF1
R/W
1
D0
DIF0
R/W
0
D4
0
R
0
D3
0
R
0
D2
FS2
R/W
0
D1
FS1
R/W
0
D0
FS0
R/W
0
DIF1-0: Audio Interface Format (Table 16)
Default: “10” (Left justified)
BCKO: BICK Output Frequency Select at Master Mode (Table 10)
PLL3-0: PLL Reference Clock Select (Table 4)
Default: “0000” (LRCK pin)
Addr
05H
Register Name
Mode Control 2
R/W
Default
D7
PS1
R/W
0
D6
PS0
R/W
0
D5
FS3
R/W
0
FS3-0: Sampling Frequency Select (Table 5 and Table 6.) and MCKI Frequency Select (Table 11.)
FS3-0 bits select sampling frequency at PLL mode and MCKI frequency at EXT mode.
PS1-0: MCKO Output Frequency Select (Table 9)
Default: “00” (256fs)
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[AK4646]
Addr
06H
Register Name
Timer Select
R/W
Default
D7
0
R
0
D6
WTM2
R/W
0
D5
ZTM1
R/W
0
D4
ZTM0
R/W
0
D3
WTM1
R/W
0
D2
WTM0
R/W
0
D1
RFST1
R/W
0
D0
RFST0
R/W
0
WTM2-0: ALC Recovery Waiting Period (Table 26.)
A period of recovery operation when any limiter operation does not occur during the ALC1 operation
Default is “000” (128/fs).
ZTM1-0: ALC Limiter/Recovery Operation Zero Crossing Timeout Period (Table 25.)
When the IPGA perform zero crossing or timeout, the IPGA value is changed by the μP WRITE operation,
ALC1 recovery operation. Default is “00” (128/fs).
RFST1-0: ALC First recovery Speed(Table 30)
Default: “00” (4times)
Addr
07H
Register Name
ALC Mode Control 1
R/W
Default
D7
LFST
R/W
0
D6
ALC2
R/W
0
D5
ALC1
R/W
0
D4
ZELMN
R/W
0
D3
LMAT1
R/W
0
D2
LMAT0
R/W
0
D1
RGAIN0
R/W
0
D0
LMTH0
R/W
0
LMTH1-0: ALC Limiter Detection Level / Recovery Counter Reset Level (Table 23.)
Default: “00”
LMTH1 bit is D6 bit of 0BH.
RGAIN1-0: ALC Recovery GAIN Step (Table 27.)
Default: “00”
RGAIN1 bit is D7 bit of 0BH.
LMAT1-0: ALC Limiter ATT Step (Table 24.)
Default: “00”
ZELMN: Zero Crossing Detection Enable at ALC Limiter Operation
0: Enable (default)
1: Disable
ALC1: ALC Enable for Recording
0: Recording ALC Disable (default)
1: Recording ALC Enable
ALC2: ALC Enable for Playback
0: Playback ALC Disable (default)
1: Playback ALC Enable
LFST: Limiter function of ALC when the output was bigger than Fs.
0: Output is zero crossing or being changed value of volume at the time of the output is zero crossing time out.
1: When output of ALC is bigger than FS, VOL value is changed instantly.
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[AK4646]
Addr
08H
Register Name
ALC Mode Control 2
R/W
Default
D7
IREF7
R/W
1
D6
IREF6
R/W
1
D5
IREF5
R/W
1
D4
IREF4
R/W
0
D3
IREF3
R/W
0
D2
IREF2
R/W
0
D1
IREF1
R/W
0
D0
IREF0
R/W
1
REF7-0: Reference Value at ALC Recovery Operation. 0.375dB step, 242 Level (Table 28.)
Default: “E1H” (+30.0dB)
Addr
09H
0CH
Register Name
Lch Input Volume Control
Rch Input Volume Control
R/W
Default
D7
IVL7
IVR7
R/W
1
D6
IVL6
IVR6
R/W
1
D5
IVL5
IVR5
R/W
1
D4
IVL4
IVR4
R/W
0
D3
IVL3
IVR3
R/W
0
D2
IVL2
IVR2
R/W
0
D1
IVL1
IVR1
R/W
0
D0
IVL0
IVR0
R/W
1
IVL7-0, IVR7-0: Input Digital Volume; 0.375dB step, 242 Level (Table 34.)
Default: “E1H” (+30.0dB)
Addr
0AH
25H
Register Name
Lch Digital Volume Control
Rch Digital Volume Control
R/W
Default
D7
OVL7
OVR7
R/W
1
D6
OVL6
OVR6
R/W
0
D5
OVL5
OVR5
R/W
0
D4
OVL4
OVR4
R/W
1
D3
OVL3
OVR3
R/W
0
D2
OVL2
OVR2
R/W
0
D1
OVL1
OVR1
R/W
0
D0
OVL0
OVR0
R/W
1
D5
OREF5
R/W
1
D4
OREF4
R/W
0
D3
OREF3
R/W
1
D2
OREF2
R/W
0
D1
OREF1
R/W
0
D0
OREF0
R/W
0
OVL7-0, OVR7-0: Output Digital Volume (Table 35)
Default: “91H” (0dB)
Addr
0BH
Register Name
ALC Mode Control 3
R/W
Default
D7
RGAIN1
R/W
0
D6
LMTH1
R/W
0
OREF5-0: Reference value at Playback ALC Recovery Operation. 0.375dB step, 50 Level (Table 29)
Default: “28H” (+6.0dB)
LMTH1: ALC Limiter Detection Level / Recovery Counter Reset Level (Table 23.)
RGAIN1: ALC Recovery GAIN Step (Table 27.)
Addr
0DH
Register Name
ALC Volume
R/W
Default
D7
VOL7
R
-
D6
VOL6
R
-
D5
VOL5
R
-
D4
VOL4
R
-
D3
VOL3
R
-
D2
VOL2
R
-
D1
VOL1
R
-
D0
VOL0
R
-
VOL7-0: Current ALC volume value; 0.375dB step, 242 Level. Read operation only (Table 31)
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Addr
0EH
Register Name
Mode Control 3
R/W
Default
D7
READ
R/W
0
D6
LOOP
R/W
0
D5
SMUTE
R/W
0
D4
OVOLC
R/W
1
D3
DATT1
R/W
0
D2
DATT0
R/W
0
D1
DEM1
R/W
0
D0
DEM0
R/W
1
DEM1-0: De-emphasis Frequency Select (Table 37)
Default: “01” (OFF)
DATT1-0: Output Digital Volume2; 6dB step, 4 Level (Table 36)
Default: “00H” (0.0dB)
OVOLC: Output Digital Volume Control Mode Select
0: Independent
1: Dependent (default)
When OVOLC bit = “1”, OVL7-0 bits control both Lch and Rch volume level, while register values of
OVL7-0 bits are not written to OVR7-0 bits. When OVOLC bit = “0”, OVL7-0 bits control Lch level and
OVR7-0 bits control Rch level, respectively.
SMUTE: Soft Mute Control
0: Normal Operation (default)
1: DAC outputs soft-muted
LOOP: Digital Loopback Mode
0: SDTI → DAC (default)
1: SDTO → DAC
READ: Read function Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
Addr
0FH
Register Name
Mode Control 4
R/W
Default
D7
0
R
0
D6
0
R
0
D5
0
R
0
D4
0
R
0
D3
IVOLC
R/W
1
D2
0
R
0
D1
0
R
0
D0
0
R
0
IVOLC: Input Digital Volume Control Mode Select
0: Independent
1: Dependent (default)
When IVOLC bit = “1”, IVL7-0 bits control both Lch and Rch volume level, while register values of IVL7-0
bits are not written to IVR7-0 bits. When IVOLC bit = “0”, IVL7-0 bits control Lch level and IVR7-0 bits
control Rch level, respectively.
Addr
10H
Register Name
Power Management 3
R/W
Default
D7
0
R
0
D6
0
R
0
D5
0
R
0
D4
MDIF2
R/W
0
D3
MDIF1
R/W
0
D2
INR
R/W
0
D1
INL
R/W
0
D0
PMADR
R/W
0
PMADR: MIC-Amp Lch and ADC Rch Power Management
0: Power-down (default)
1: Power-up
INL: ADC Lch Input Source Select
0: LIN1 pin (default)
1: LIN2 pin
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[AK4646]
INR: ADC Rch Input Source Select
0: RIN1 pin (default)
1: RIN2 pin
MDIF1: ADC Lch Input Type Select
0: Single-ended input (LIN1/LIN2 pin: Default)
1: Full-differential input (IN1+/IN1− pin)
MDIF2: ADC Rch Input Type Select
0: Single-ended input (RIN1/RIN2 pin: Default)
1: Full-differential input (IN2+/IN2− pin)
Addr
11H
Register Name
Digital Filter Select 1
R/W
Default
D7
GN1
R/W
0
D6
GN0
R/W
0
D5
LPF
R/W
0
D4
HPF
R/W
0
D3
EQ0
R/W
0
D2
FIL3
R/W
0
D1
0
R
0
D0
HPFAD
R/W
1
HPFAD: HPF Control of ADC
0: Disable
1: Enable (default)
When HPFAD bit is “1”, the settings of F1A13-0 and F1B13-0 bits are enabled. When HPFAD bit is “0”,
HPFAD block is through (0dB).
FIL3: FIL3 (Stereo Separation Emphasis Filter) Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When FIL3 bit is “1”, the settings of F3A13-0 and F3B13-0 bits are enabled. When FIL3 bit is “0”, FIL3 block
is OFF (MUTE).
EQ: EQ (Gain Compensation Filter) Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When EQ bit is “1”, the settings of EQA15-0, EQB13-0 and EQC15-0 bits are enabled. When EQ bit is “0”,
EQ block is through (0dB).
HPF: HPF Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When HPF bit is “1”, the settings of F1A13-0 and F1B13-0 bits are enabled. When HPF bit is “0”, HPF block
is through (0dB).
LPF: LPF Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When LPF bit is “1”, the settings of F2A13-0 and F2B13-0 bits are enabled. When LPF bit is “0”, LPF block
is through (0dB).
GN1-0: Gain Select at GAIN block (Table 22)
Default: “00”
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Addr
12H
13H
14H
15H
16H
17H
18H
19H
1AH
1BH
Register Name
FIL3 Co-efficient 0
FIL3 Co-efficient 1
FIL3 Co-efficient 2
FIL3 Co-efficient 3
EQ0-efficient 0
EQ0-efficient 1
EQ0-efficient 2
EQ0-efficient 3
EQ0-efficient 4
EQ0-efficient 5
R/W
Default
D7
F3A7
F3AS
F3B7
0
E0A7
E0A15
E0B7
0
E0C7
E0C15
W
0
D6
F3A6
0
F3B6
0
E0A6
E0A14
E0B6
0
E0C6
E0C14
W
0
D5
F3A5
F3A13
F3B5
F3B13
E0A5
E0A13
E0B5
E0B13
E0C5
E0C13
W
0
D4
F3A4
F3A12
F3B4
F3B12
E0A4
E0A12
E0B4
E0B12
E0C4
E0C12
W
0
D3
F3A3
F3A11
F3B3
F3B11
E0A3
E0A11
E0B3
E0B11
E0C3
E0C11
W
0
D2
F3A2
F3A10
F3B2
F3B10
E0A2
E0A10
E0B2
E0B10
E0C2
E0C10
W
0
D1
F3A1
F3A9
F3B1
F3B9
E0A1
E0A9
E0B1
E0B9
E0C1
E0C9
W
0
D0
F3A0
F3A8
F3B0
F3B8
E0A0
E0A8
E0B0
E0B8
E0C0
E0C8
W
0
F3A13-0, F3B13-0: FIL3 (Stereo Separation Emphasis Filter) Coefficient (14bit x 2)
Default: “0000H”
F3AS: FIL3 (Stereo Separation Emphasis Filter) Select
0: HPF (default)
1: LPF
EQA15-0, EQB13-0, EQC15-C0: EQ (Gain Compensation Filter) Coefficient (16bit x 2 + 14bit x 1)
Default: “0000H”
Addr
1CH
1DH
1EH
1FH
Register Name
HPF Co-efficient 0
HPF Co-efficient 1
HPF Co-efficient 2
HPF Co-efficient 3
R/W
Default
D7
F1A7
0
F1B7
0
W
D6
F1A6
0
F1B6
0
W
D5
F1A5
F1A13
F1B5
F1B13
W
D4
F1A4
F1A12
F1B4
F1B12
W
D3
F1A3
F1A11
F1B3
F1B11
W
D2
F1A2
F1A10
F1B2
F1B10
W
D1
F1A1
F1A9
F1B1
F1B9
W
D0
F1A0
F1A8
F1B0
F1B8
W
F1A13-0 bits = 0x1FA9, F1B13-0 bits = 0x20AD
F1A13-0, F1B13-0: FIL1 (Wind-noise Reduction Filter) Coefficient (14bit x 2)
Default: F1A13-0 bits = 0x1FA9, F1B13-0 bits = 0x20AD
fc = 150Hz@fs=44.1kHz
Addr
2CH
2DH
2EH
2FH
Register Name
LPF Co-efficient 0
LPF Co-efficient 1
LPF Co-efficient 2
LPF Co-efficient 3
R/W
Default
D7
F2A7
0
F2B7
0
W
0
D6
F2A6
0
F2B6
0
W
0
D5
F2A5
F2A13
F2B5
F2B13
W
0
D4
F2A4
F2A12
F2B4
F2B12
W
0
D3
F2A3
F2A11
F2B3
F2B11
W
0
D2
F2A2
F2A10
F2B2
F2B10
W
0
D1
F2A1
F2A9
F2B1
F2B9
W
0
D0
F2A0
F2A8
F2B0
F2B8
W
0
F2A13-0, F2B13-0: FIL2 (LPF) Coefficient (14bit x 2)
Default: “0000H”
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[AK4646]
Addr
30H
Register Name
Digital Filter Select 2
R/W
Default
D7
0
R
0
D6
0
R
0
D5
0
R
0
D4
EQ5
R/W
0
D3
EQ4
R/W
0
D2
EQ3
R/W
0
D1
EQ2
R/W
0
D0
EQ1
R/W
0
EQ1: Equalizer 1 Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When EQ1 bit is “1”, the settings of E1A15-0, E1B15-0 and E1C15-0 bits are enabled. When EQ1 bit is “0”,
EQ1 block is through (0dB).
EQ2: Equalizer 2 Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When EQ2 bit is “1”, the settings of E2A15-0, E2B15-0 and E2C15-0 bits are enabled. When EQ2 bit is “0”,
EQ2 block is through (0dB).
EQ3: Equalizer 3 Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When EQ3 bit is “1”, the settings of E3A15-0, E3B15-0 and E3C15-0 bits are enabled. When EQ3 bit is “0”,
EQ3 block is through (0dB).
EQ4: Equalizer 4 Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When EQ4 bit is “1”, the settings of E4A15-0, E4B15-0 and E4C15-0 bits are enabled. When EQ4 bit is “0”,
EQ4 block is through (0dB).
EQ5: Equalizer 5 Coefficient Setting Enable
0: Disable (default)
1: Enable
When EQ5 bit is “1”, the settings of E5A15-0, E5B15-0 and E5C15-0 bits are enabled. When EQ5 bit is “0”,
EQ5 block is through (0dB).
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[AK4646]
Addr
32H
33H
34H
35H
36H
37H
38H
39H
3AH
3BH
3CH
3DH
3EH
3FH
40H
41H
42H
43H
44H
45H
46H
47H
48H
49H
4AH
4BH
4CH
4DH
4EH
4FH
Register Name
E1 Co-efficient 0
E1 Co-efficient 1
E1 Co-efficient 2
E1 Co-efficient 3
E1 Co-efficient 4
E1 Co-efficient 5
E2 Co-efficient 0
E2 Co-efficient 1
E2 Co-efficient 2
E2 Co-efficient 3
E2 Co-efficient 4
E2 Co-efficient 5
E3 Co-efficient 0
E3 Co-efficient 1
E3 Co-efficient 2
E3 Co-efficient 3
E3 Co-efficient 4
E3 Co-efficient 5
E4 Co-efficient 0
E4 Co-efficient 1
E4 Co-efficient 2
E4 Co-efficient 3
E4 Co-efficient 4
E4 Co-efficient 5
E5 Co-efficient 0
E5 Co-efficient 1
E5 Co-efficient 2
E5 Co-efficient 3
E5 Co-efficient 4
E5 Co-efficient 5
R/W
Default
D7
E1A7
E1A15
E1B7
E1B15
E1C7
E1C15
E2A7
E2A15
E2B7
E2B15
E2C7
E2C15
E3A7
E3A15
E3B7
E3B15
E3C7
E3C15
E4A7
E4A15
E4B7
E4B15
E4C7
E4C15
E5A7
E5A15
E5B7
E5B15
E5C7
E5C15
W
0
D6
E1A6
E1A14
E1B6
E1B14
E1C6
E1C14
E2A6
E2A14
E2B6
E2B14
E2C6
E2C14
E3A6
E3A14
E3B6
E3B14
E3C6
E3C14
E4A6
E4A14
E4B6
E4B14
E4C6
E4C14
E5A6
E5A14
E5B6
E5B14
E5C6
E5C14
W
0
D5
E1A5
E1A13
E1B5
E1B13
E1C5
E1C13
E2A5
E2A13
E2B5
E2B13
E2C5
E2C13
E3A5
E3A13
E3B5
E3B13
E3C5
E3C13
E4A5
E4A13
E4B5
E4B13
E4C5
E4C13
E5A5
E5A13
E5B5
E5B13
E5C5
E5C13
W
0
D4
E1A4
E1A12
E1B4
E1B12
E1C4
E1C12
E2A4
E2A12
E2B4
E2B12
E2C4
E2C12
E3A4
E3A12
E3B4
E3B12
E3C4
E3C12
E4A4
E4A12
E4B4
E4B12
E4C4
E4C12
E5A4
E5A12
E5B4
E5B12
E5C4
E5C12
W
0
D3
E1A3
E1A11
E1B3
E1B11
E1C3
E1C11
E2A3
E2A11
E2B3
E2B11
E2C3
E2C11
E3A3
E3A11
E3B3
E3B11
E3C3
E3C11
E4A3
E4A11
E4B3
E4B11
E4C3
E4C11
E5A3
E5A11
E5B3
E5B11
E5C3
E5C11
W
0
D2
E1A2
E1A10
E1B2
E1B10
E1C2
E1C10
E2A2
E2A10
E2B2
E2B10
E2C2
E2C10
E3A2
E3A10
E3B2
E3B10
E3C2
E3C10
E4A2
E4A10
E4B2
E4B10
E4C2
E4C10
E5A2
E5A10
E5B2
E5B10
E5C2
E5C10
W
0
D1
E1A1
E1A9
E1B1
E1B9
E1C1
E1C9
E2A1
E2A9
E2B1
E2B9
E2C1
E2C9
E3A1
E3A9
E3B1
E3B9
E3C1
E3C9
E4A1
E4A9
E4B1
E4B9
E4C1
E4C9
E5A1
E5A9
E5B1
E5B9
E5C1
E5C9
W
0
D0
E1A0
E1A8
E1B0
E1B8
E1C0
E1C8
E2A0
E2A8
E2B0
E2B8
E2C0
E2C8
E3A0
E3A8
E3B0
E3B8
E3C0
E3C8
E4A0
E4A8
E4B0
E4B8
E4C0
E4C8
E5A0
E5A8
E5B0
E5B8
E5C0
E5C8
W
0
E1A15-0, E1B15-0, E1C15-0: Equalizer 1 Coefficient (16bit x3)
Default: “0000H”
E2A15-0, E2B15-0, E2C15-0: Equalizer 2 Coefficient (16bit x3)
Default: “0000H”
E3A15-0, E3B15-0, E3C15-0: Equalizer 3 Coefficient (16bit x3)
Default: “0000H”
E4A15-0, E4B15-0, E4C15-0: Equalizer 4 Coefficient (16bit x3)
Default: “0000H”
E5A15-0, E5B15-0, E5C15-0: Equalizer 5 Coefficient (16bit x3)
Default: “0000H”
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[AK4646]
SYSTEM DESIGN
Figure 37 shows the system connection diagram for the AK4646. An evaluation board [AKD4646] is available which
demonstrates the optimum layout, power supply arrangements and measurement results.
Speaker
10u
ZD2
Dynamic SPK
R1, R2: Short
ZD1, ZD2: Open
Piezo SPK
R1, R2: ≥10Ω
ZD1, ZD2: Required
Line Out
200
1u
200
1u
Mono In
External MIC
21
20
19
18
17
SVDD
SPP
SPN
MCKO
MCKI
R2
22
R1
23
NC
SVSS
NC
20k
20k
24
0.1u
ZD1
10
Power Supply
2.2 ∼ 3.6V
25 NC
DVSS
16
26 ROUT
DVDD
15
27 LOUT
BICK
14
0.1u
DSP
28 MIN
AK4646EN
LRCK
13
29 RIN2
Top View
SDTO
12
30 LIN2
SDTI
11
31 LIN1
CDTIO 10
32 RIN1
CCLK
NC
PDN
CSN
6
7
8
VCOC
5
AVDD
4
9
μP
Rp
AVSS
3
2.2u
0.1u
VCOM
2
MPWR
1
0.1u
2.2k
2.2k
2.2k
2.2k
Internal MIC
Cp
Analog Ground
Digital Ground
Notes:
- AVSS, DVSS and SVSS of the AK4646 should be distributed separately from the ground of external
controllers.
- All digital input pins should not be left floating.
- When the AK4646 is EXT mode (PMPLL bit = “0”), a resistor and capacitor of VCOC pin is not needed.
- When the AK4646 is PLL mode (PMPLL bit = “1”), a resistor and capacitor of VCOC pin is shown in Table 4.
- When piezo speaker is used, 2.2 ∼ 4.0V power should be supplied to SVDD and 10Ω or more series resistors
should be connected to both SPP and SPN pins, respectively.
- When the AK4646 is used at master mode, LRCK and BICK pins are floating before M/S bit is changed to “1”.
Therefore, around 100kΩ pull-up resistor should be connected to LRCK and BICK pins of the AK4646.
Figure 37. System Connection Diagram
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[AK4646]
1. Grounding and Power Supply Decoupling
The AK4646 requires careful attention to power supply and grounding arrangements. AVDD, DVDD and SVDD are
usually supplied from the system’s analog supply. If AVDD, DVDD and SVDD are supplied separately, the power-up
sequence is not critical. AVSS, DVSS and SVSS of the AK4646 should be connected to the analog ground plane. System
analog ground and digital ground should be connected together near to where the supplies are brought onto the printed
circuit board. Decoupling capacitors should be as near to the AK4646 as possible, with the small value ceramic capacitor
being the nearest.
2. Voltage Reference
VCOM is a signal ground of this chip. A 2.2μF electrolytic capacitor in parallel with a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor should be
attached to the VCOM pin eliminates the effects of high frequency noise. No load current may be drawn from the VCOM
pin. All signals, especially clocks, should be kept away from the VCOM pin in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the
AK4646.
3. Analog Inputs
The Mic, Line and MIN inputs are single-ended. The inputs signal range scales with nominally at 0.0636 x AVDD Vpp
(typ) for the Mic input and 0.636 x AVDD Vpp (typ) for the MIN input, centered around the internal common voltage (0.5
x AVDD). Usually the input signal is AC coupled using a capacitor. The cut-off frequency is fc = 1/ (2πRC). The AK4646
can accept input voltages from AVSS to AVDD.
4. Analog Outputs
The input data format for the DAC is 2’s complement. The output voltage is a positive full scale for 7FFFH (@16bit) and
a negative full scale for 8000H (@16bit). The ideal output is VCOM voltage for 0000H (@16bit). Stereo Line Output is
centered at 0.5 x AVDD (typ). The Headphone-Amp and Speaker-Amp outputs are centered at SVDD/2.
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[AK4646]
CONTROL SEQUENCE
■ Clock Set up
When ADC or DAC is powered-up, the clocks must be supplied.
1. PLL Master Mode.
Example:
Power Supply
Audio I/F Format: MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
BICK frequency at Master Mode: 64fs
Input Master Clock Select at PLL Mode: 11.2896MHz
MCKO: Enable
Sampling Frequency: 44.1kHz
(1)
PDN pin
(2)
(3)
PMVCM bit
(Addr:00H, D6)
(4)
(1) Power Supply & PDN pin = “L” Æ “H”
MCKO bit
(Addr:01H, D1)
PMPLL bit
(2)Addr:01H, Data:08H
Addr:04H, Data:4AH
Addr:05H, Data:27H
(Addr:01H, D0)
(5)
MCKI pin
Input
M/S bit
(3)Addr:00H, Data:40H
(Addr:01H, D3)
40msec(max)
(6)
BICK pin
LRCK pin
Output
(4)Addr:01H, Data:0BH
Output
MCKO, BICK and LRCK output
40msec(max)
(8)
MCKO pin
(7)
Figure 38. Clock Set Up Sequence (1)
<Example>
(1) After Power Up, PDN pin = “L” Æ “H”
“L” time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4646.
(2) DIF1-0, PLL3-0, FS3-0, BCKO and M/S bits should be set during this period.
(3) Power Up VCOM: PMVCM bit = “0” Æ “1”
VCOM should first be powered-up before the other block operates.
(4) In case of using MCKO output: MCKO bit = “1”
In case of not using MCKO output: MCKO bit = “0”
(5) PLL lock time is 40ms (max) after PMPLL bit changes from “0” to “1” and MCKI is supplied from an external
source.
(6) The AK4646 starts to output the LRCK and BICK clocks after the PLL becomes stable. Then normal operation
starts.
(7) The invalid frequency is output from MCKO pin during this period if MCKO bit = “1”.
(8) The normal clock is output from MCKO pin after the PLL is locked if MCKO bit = “1”.
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2. PLL Slave Mode (LRCK or BICK pin)
Example:
Power Supply
Audio I/F Format : MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
PLL Reference clock: BICK
BICK frequency: 64fs
Sampling Frequency: 44.1kHz
(1)
PDN pin
(2)
4fs
(1)ofPower Supply & PDN pin = “L” Æ “H”
(3)
PMVCM bit
(Addr:00H, D6)
PMPLL bit
(2) Addr:04H, Data:32H
Addr:05H, Data:27H
(Addr:01H, D0)
LRCK pin
BICK pin
Input
(3) Addr:00H, Data:40H
(4)
Internal Clock
(5)
(4) Addr:01H, Data:01H
Figure 39. Clock Set Up Sequence (2)
<Example>
(1) After Power Up: PDN pin “L” Æ “H”
“L” time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4646.
(2) DIF1-0, FS3-0 and PLL3-0 bits should be set during this period.
(3) Power Up VCOM: PMVCM bit = “0” Æ “1”
VCOM should first be powered up before the other block operates.
(4) PLL starts after the PMPLL bit changes from “0” to “1” and PLL reference clock (LRCK or BICK pin) is
supplied. PLL lock time is 160ms (max) when LRCK is a PLL reference clock. And PLL lock time is 2ms (max)
when BICK is a PLL reference clock.
(5) Normal operation stats after that the PLL is locked.
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3. PLL Slave Mode (MCKI pin)
Example:
Audio I/F Format: MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
BICK frequency at Master Mode: 64fs
Input Master Clock Select at PLL Mode: 11.2896MHz
MCKO: Enable
Power Supply
(1) Power Supply & PDN pin = “L” Æ “H”
(1)
PDN pin
(2)
(3)
(2)Addr:04H, Data:4AH
Addr:05H, Data:27H
PMVCM bit
(Addr:00H, D6)
(4)
MCKO bit
(Addr:01H, D1)
(3)Addr:00H, Data:40H
PMPLL bit
(Addr:01H, D0)
(5)
MCKI pin
(4)Addr:01H, Data:03H
Input
40msec(max)
(6)
MCKO pin
MCKO output start
Output
(7)
(8)
BICK pin
LRCK pin
Input
BICK and LRCK input start
Figure 40. Clock Set Up Sequence (3)
<Example>
(1) After Power Up: PDN pin “L” Æ “H”
“L” time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4646.
(2) DIF1-0, PLL3-0, FS3-0, BCKO and M/S bits should be set during this period.
(3) Power Up VCOM: PMVCM bit = “0” Æ “1”
VCOM should first be powered up before the other block operates.
(4) Enable MCKO output: MCKO bit = “1”
(5) PLL starts after that the PMPLL bit changes from “0” to “1” and PLL reference clock (MCKI pin) is supplied.
PLL lock time is 40ms (max).
(6) The normal clock is output from MCKO after PLL is locked.
(7) The invalid frequency is output from MCKO during this period.
(8) BICK and LRCK clocks should be synchronized with MCKO clock.
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4. EXT Slave Mode
Example:
Audio I/F Format: MSB justified (ADC and DAC)
Input MCKI frequency: 1024fs
MCKO: Disable
Power Supply
(1) Power Supply & PDN pin = “L” Æ “H”
(1)
PDN pin
(2)
(2) Addr:04H, Data:02H
Addr:05H, Data:27H
(3)
PMVCM bit
(Addr:00H, D6)
(4)
MCKI pin
Input
(3) Addr:00H, Data:40H
(4)
LRCK pin
BICK pin
Input
MCKI, BICK and LRCK input
Figure 41. Clock Set Up Sequence (4)
<Example>
(1) After Power Up: PDN pin “L” Æ “H”
“L” time of 150ns or more is needed to reset the AK4646.
(2) DIF1-0 and FS1-0 bits should be set during this period.
(3) Power Up VCOM: PMVCM bit = “0” Æ “1”
VCOM should first be powered up before the other block operates.
(4) Normal operation starts after the MCKI, LRCK and BICK are supplied.
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[AK4646]
■ MIC Input Recording (Stereo)
Example:
FS3-0 bits
(Addr:05H, D5&D2-0)
0,000
PLL Master Mode
Audio I/F Format:MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
Pre MIC AMP:+20dB
Sampling Frequency:44.1KHz
MIC Power On
ALC setting:Refer to Figrure 23
ALC1 bit=“1”
1,111
(1)
MIC Control
(Addr:02H, D2-0)
ALC Control 1
(Addr:06H)
ALC Control 2
(Addr:08H)
(1) Addr:05H, Data:27H
001
101
(2) Addr:02H, Data:05H
(2)
00H
3CH
(3) Addr:06H, Data:3CH
E1H
(4) Addr:08H, Data:E1H
(3)
E1H
(4)
(5) Addr:0BH, Data:28H
ALC Control 3
(Addr:0BH)
28H
28H
(6) Addr:07H, Data:21H
(5)
ALC Control 4
(Addr:07H)
00H
21H
01H
(6)
ALC State
(9)
ALC Disable
ALC Enable
(7) Addr:00H, Data:41H
Addr:10H, Data:01H
ALC Disable
Recording
PMADL/R bit
(Addr:00H&10H, D0)
1059 / fs
(8)
(7)
ADC Internal
State
Power Down
(8) Addr:00H, Data:40H
Addr:10H, Data:00H
Initialize Normal State Power Down
(9) Addr:07H, Data:01H
Figure 42. MIC Input Recording Sequence
<Example>
This sequence is an example of ALC setting at fs=44.1kHz. For changing the parameter of ALC, please refer to
“Figure 29. Registers set-up sequence at ALC operation”
At first, clocks should be supplied according to “Clock Set Up” sequence.
(1) Set up a sampling frequency (FS3-0 bit). When the AK4646 is PLL mode, MIC and ADC should be powered-up
in consideration of PLL lock time after a sampling frequency is changed.
(2) Set up MIC input (Addr: 02H)
(3) Set up Timer Select for ALC (Addr: 06H)
(4) Set up IREF value for ALC (Addr: 08H)
(5) Set up LMTH1 and RGAIN1 bits (Addr: 0BH)
(6) Set up LMTH0, RGAIN0, LMAT1-0 and ALC bits (Addr: 07H)
(7) Power Up MIC and ADC: PMADL = PMADR bits = “0” → “1”
The initialization cycle time of ADC is 1059/fs=24ms@fs=44.1kHz.
After the ALC bit is set to “1” and MIC&ADC block is powered-up, the ALC operation starts from IVOL
default value (+30dB).
The time of offset voltage going to “0” after the ADC initialization cycle depends on both the time of analog
input pin going to the common voltage and the constant time of the offset cancel digital HPF. This time can be
shorter by using the following sequence:
At first, PMVCM and PMMP bits should set to “1”. Then, the ADC should be powered-up. The waiting time to
power-up the ADC should be longer than 4 times of the time constant that is determined by the AC coupling
capacitor at analog input pin and the internal input resistance 30k(typ).
(8) Power Down MIC and ADC: PMADL = PMADR bits = “1” → “0”
When the registers for the ALC operation are not changed, ALC bit may be keeping “1”. The ALC operation is
disabled because the MIC&ADC block is powered-down. If the registers for the ALC operation are also changed
when the sampling frequency is changed, it should be done after the AK4646 goes to the manual mode (ALC bit
= “0”) or MIC&ADC block is powered-down (PMADL=PMADR bits = “0”). IVOL gain is not reset when
PMADL=PMADR bits = “0”, and then IVOL operation starts from the setting value when PMADC or PMADR
bit is changed to “1”.
(9) ALC Disable: ALC bit = “1” → “0”
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■ Speaker-amp Output
FS3-0 bits
(Addr:05H, D5&D2-0)
0,000
1,111
Example:
(1)
PLL Master Mode
Audio I/F Format: MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
Sampling Frequency:44.1KHz
Digital Volume: 0dB
ALC: Enable
(11)
DACS bit
(Addr:02H, D3)
(1) Addr:05H, Data:27H
(2)
SPKG1-0 bits
(Addr:03H, D4-3)
ALC Control 1
(Addr:06H)
ALC Control 2
(Addr:0BH)
00
01
(2) Addr:02H, Data:20H
(3)
00H
(3) Addr:03H, Data:08H
3CH
(4)
28H
(4) Addr:06H, Data:3CH
28H
(5)
ALC2 bit
(Addr:07H, D6)
OVL/R7-0 bits
(Addr:0AH&0DH, D7-0)
(5) Addr:0BH, Data:28H
0
X
(6)
(6) Addr:07H, Data:40H
91H
91H
(7) Addr:0AH & 0DH, Data:91H
(7)
(12)
PMDAC bit
(8) Addr:00H, Data:74H
(Addr:00H, D2)
PMBP bit
(9) Addr:02H, Data:A0H
(Addr:00H, D5)
(8)
PMSPK bit
Playback
(Addr:00H, D4)
(9)
(10) Addr:02H, Data:20H
SPPSN bit
(Addr:02H, D7)
(10)
SPP pin
Hi-Z
Normal Output
(11) Addr:02H, Data:00H
Hi-Z
(12) Addr:00H, Data:40H
SPN pin
Hi-Z
SVDD/2 Normal Output SVDD/2
Hi-Z
Figure 43. Speaker-Amp Output Sequence
<Example>
At first, clocks should be supplied according to “Clock Set Up” sequence.
(1) Set up a sampling frequency (FS3-0 bits). When the AK4646 is PLL mode, DAC and Speaker-Amp should be
powered-up in consideration of PLL lock time after a sampling frequency is changed.
(2) Set up the path of “DAC Æ SPK-Amp”: DACS bit = “0” Æ “1”
(3) SPK-Amp gain setting: SPKG1-0 bits = “00” Æ “01”
(4) Set up Timer Select for ALC (Addr: 06H)
(5) Set up REF value for ALC (Addr: 0BH)
(6) Set up LMTH0, RGAIN0, LMAT1-0 and ALC2 bits (Addr: 07H)
(7) Set up the output digital volume (Addr: 0AH and 0DH).
When OVOLC bit is “1” (default), OVL7-0 bits set the volume of both channels. After DAC is powered-up, the
digital volume changes from default value (0dB) to the register setting value by the soft transition. ALC/OVOL
are invalid to DAC when (PMADL bit = “1” or PMADR bit = “1”) and DAFIL bit = “0”.
(8) Power Up of DAC, MIN-Amp and Speaker-Amp: PMDAC = PMBP = PMSPK bits = “0” → “1”
The DAC outputs invalid voltage for 67/fs = 1.52ms@fs = 44.1kHz after powered-up, then it starts outputting
normal voltage.
(9) Exit the power-save-mode of Speaker-Amp: SPPSN bit = “0” → “1”
“(9)” time depends on the time constant of external resistor and capacitor connected to MIN pin. If
Speaker-Amp output is enabled before input of MIN-Amp becomes stable, pop noise may occur.
e.g. R=20k, C=0.1μF: Recommended wait time is more than 5τ = 10ms.
(10) Enter the power-save-mode of Speaker-Amp: SPPSN bit = “1” → “0”
(11) Disable the path of “DAC Æ SPK-Amp”: DACS bit = “1” Æ “0”
(12) Power Down DAC, MIN-Amp and Speaker-Amp: PMDAC = PMBP = PMSPK bits = “1” → “0”
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■ Mono signal output from Speaker-Amp
Example:
Clocks can be stopped.
CLOCK
(1) Addr:00H, Data:70H
PMBP bit
(Addr:00H, D5)
(1)
(5)
(2) Addr:02H, Data:60H
PMSPK bit
(Addr:00H, D4)
DACS bit
(Addr:02H, D5)
(3) Addr:02H, Data:E0H
" 0" or " 1"
0
(2)
(6)
BEEPS bit
Mono Signal Output
(Addr:02H, D6)
(3)
SPPSN bit
(4) Addr:02H, Data:60H
(Addr:02H, D7)
(4)
SPP pin
SPN pin
Hi-Z
Hi-Z
Normal Output
SVDD/2
Normal Output
Hi-Z
SVDD/2
(5) Addr:00H, Data:40H
Hi-Z
(6) Addr:02H, Data:00H
Figure 44. “MIN-Amp Æ Speaker-Amp” Output Sequence
<Example>
The clocks can be stopped when only MIN-Amp and Speaker-Amp are operating.
(1) Power Up MIN-Amp and Speaker-Amp: PMBP = PMSPK bits = “0” → “1”
(2) Disable the path of “DAC Æ SPK-Amp”: DACS bit = “0”
Enable the path of “MIN Æ SPK-Amp”: BEEPS bit = “0” → “1”
(3) Exit the power-save-mode of Speaker-Amp: SPPSN bit = “0” → “1”
“(3)” time depends on the time constant of external resistor and capacitor connected to MIN pin. If
Speaker-Amp output is enabled before input of MIN-Amp becomes stable, pop noise may occur.
e.g. R=20k, C=0.1μF: Recommended wait time is more than 5τ = 10ms.
(4) Enter the power-save-mode of Speaker-Amp: SPPSN bit = “1” → “0”
(5) Power Down MIN-Amp and Speaker-Amp: PMBP = PMSPK bits = “1” → “0”
(6) Disable the path of “MIN Æ SPK-Amp”: BEEPS bit = “1” → “0”
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■ Stereo Line Output
FS3-0 bits
(Addr:05H, D5&D2-0)
Example:
1,111
0,000
PLL, Master Mode
Audio I/F Format :MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
Sampling Frequency:44.1KHz
Digital Volume: 0dB
MGAIN1=SPKG1=SPKG0=BEEPL bits = “0”
(1)
(9)
DACL bit
(2)
(Addr:02H, D4)
OVL/R7-0 bits
(Addr:0AH&0DH, D7-0)
(1) Addr:05H, Data:27H
91H
(2) Addr:02H, Data:10H
91H
(3) Addr:0AH&0DH, Data:91H
(3)
LOPS bit
(4) Addr:03H, Data:40H
(Addr:03H, D6)
(4)
(6)
(7)
(10)
(5) Addr:00H, Data:6CH
PMDAC bit
(Addr:00H, D2)
(6) Addr:03H, Data:00H
PMBP bit
Playback
(Addr:00H, D5)
(5)
(8)
(7) Addr:03H, Data:40H
PMLO bit
(Addr:00H, D3)
>300 ms
(8) Addr:00H, Data:40H
LOUT pin
ROUT pin
>300 ms
Normal Output
(9) Addr:02H, Data:00H
(10) Addr:03H, Data:00H
Figure 45. Stereo Lineout Sequence
<Example>
At first, clocks should be supplied according to “Clock Set Up” sequence.
(1) Set up the sampling frequency (FS3-0 bits). When the AK4646 is PLL mode, DAC and Stereo Line-Amp
should be powered-up in consideration of PLL lock time after the sampling frequency is changed.
(2) Set up the path of “DAC Æ Stereo Line Amp”: DACL bit = “0” Æ “1”
(3) Set up the output digital volume (Addr: 0AH and 0DH)
When OVOLC bit is “1” (default), OVL7-0 bits set the volume of both channels. After DAC is powered-up,
the digital volume changes from default value (0dB) to the register setting value by the soft transition.
(4) Enter power-save mode of Stereo Line Amp: LOPS bit = “0” Æ “1”
(5) Power-up DAC, MIN-Amp and Stereo Line-Amp: PMDAC = PMBP = PMLO bits = “0” → “1”
The DAC outputs invalid voltage for 67/fs = 1.52ms@fs = 44.1kHz after powered-up, then it starts outputting
normal voltage. LOUT and ROUT pins rise up to VCOM voltage after PMLO bit is changed to “1”. Rise time
is 300ms (max) at C=1μF.
(6) Exit power-save mode of Stereo Line-Amp: LOPS bit = “1” Æ “0”
LOPS bit should be set to “0” after LOUT and ROUT pins rise up. Stereo Line-Amp goes to normal operation
by setting LOPS bit to “0”.
(7) Enter power-save mode of Stereo Line-Amp: LOPS bit: “0” Æ “1”
(8) Power-down DAC, MIN-Amp and Stereo Line-Amp: PMDAC = PMBP = PMLO bits = “1” → “0”
LOUT and ROUT pins fall down to AVSS. Fall time is 300ms (max) at C=1μF.
(9) Disable the path of “DAC Æ Stereo Line-Amp”: DACL bit = “1” Æ “0”
(10) Exit power-save mode of Stereo Line-Amp: LOPS bit = “1” Æ “0”
LOPS bit should be set to “0” after LOUT and ROUT pins fall down.
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■ Stop of Clock
Master clock can be stopped when ADC and DAC are not used.
1. PLL Master Mode
Example:
Audio I/F Format: MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
BICK frequency at Master Mode: 64fs
Input Master Clock Select at PLL Mode: 11.2896MHz
(1)
PMPLL bit
(Addr:01H, D0)
(2)
MCKO bit
"0" or "1"
(1) (2) Addr:01H, Data:08H
(Addr:01H, D1)
(3)
External MCKI
Input
(3) Stop an external MCKI
Figure 46. Clock Stopping Sequence (1)
<Example>
(1) Power down PLL: PMPLL bit = “1” → “0”
(2) Stop MCKO clock: MCKO bit = “1” → “0”
(3) Stop an external master clock.
2. PLL Slave Mode (LRCK or BICK pin)
Example
Audio I/F Format : MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
PLL Reference clock: BICK
BICK frequency: 64fs
(1)
PMPLL bit
(Addr:01H, D0)
(2)
External BICK
Input
(1) Addr:01H, Data:00H
(2)
External LRCK
Input
(2) Stop the external clocks
Figure 47. Clock Stopping Sequence (2)
<Example>
(1) Power down PLL: PMPLL bit = “1” → “0”
(2) Stop the external BICK and LRCK clocks
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3. PLL Slave (MCKI pin)
Example
(1)
Audio I/F Format: MSB justified (ADC & DAC)
PLL Reference clock: MCKI
BICK frequency: 64fs
PMPLL bit
(Addr:01H, D0)
(1)
MCKO bit
(1) Addr:01H, Data:00H
(Addr:01H, D1)
(2)
External MCKI
Input
(2) Stop the external clocks
Figure 48. Clock Stopping Sequence (3)
<Example>
(1) Power down PLL: PMPLL bit = “1” → “0”
Stop MCKO output: MCKO bit = “1” → “0”
(2) Stop the external master clock.
4. EXT Slave Mode
(1)
External MCKI
Input
Example
(1)
External BICK
Input
External LRCK
Input
Audio I/F Format :MSB justified(ADC & DAC)
Input MCKI frequency:1024fs
(1)
(1) Stop the external clocks
Figure 49. Clock Stopping Sequence (4)
<Example>
(1) Stop the external MCKI, BICK and LRCK clocks.
■ Power down
Power supply current can be shut down (typ. 1μA) by stopping clocks and setting PMVCM bit = “0” after all blocks
except for VCOM are powered-down. Power supply current can be also shut down (typ. 1μA) by stopping clocks and
setting PDN pin = “L”. When PDN pin = “L”, the registers are initialized.
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[AK4646]
PACKAGE
32pin QFN (Unit: mm)
5.00 ± 0.10
0.40 ± 0.10
4.75 ± 0.10
24
17
16
4.75 ± 0.10
B
3.5
5.00 ± 0.10
25
32
1
1
3.5
0.50
+0.07
-0.05
32
C0.42
8
A
0.23
Exposed
Pad
9
0.85 ± 0.05
0.10 M AB
0.08 C
0.04
0.01+- 0.01
0.20
C
Note) The exposed pad on the bottom surface of the package must be open or connected to the ground.
■ Material & Lead finish
Package molding compound:
Lead frame material:
Lead frame surface treatment:
Epoxy
Cu
Solder (Pb free) plate
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[AK4646]
MARKING
AKM
AK4646
XXXXX
1
XXXXX: Date code identifier (5 digits)
REVISION HISTORY
Date (YY/MM/DD)
07/05/14
Revision
02
Reason
First Edition
Page
Contents
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[AK4646]
IMPORTANT NOTICE
z These products and their specifications are subject to change without notice.
When you consider any use or application of these products, please make inquiries the sales office of Asahi Kasei
EMD Corporation (AKEMD) or authorized distributors as to current status of the products.
z AKEMD assumes no liability for infringement of any patent, intellectual property, or other rights in the application or
use of any information contained herein.
z Any export of these products, or devices or systems containing them, may require an export license or other official
approval under the law and regulations of the country of export pertaining to customs and tariffs, currency exchange,
or strategic materials.
z AKEMD products are neither intended nor authorized for use as critical componentsNote1) in any safety, life support, or
other hazard related device or systemNote2), and AKEMD assumes no responsibility for such use, except for the use
approved with the express written consent by Representative Director of AKEMD. As used here:
Note1) A critical component is one whose failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result,
whether directly or indirectly, in the loss of the safety or effectiveness of the device or system containing it, and
which must therefore meet very high standards of performance and reliability.
Note2) A hazard related device or system is one designed or intended for life support or maintenance of safety or
for applications in medicine, aerospace, nuclear energy, or other fields, in which its failure to function or perform
may reasonably be expected to result in loss of life or in significant injury or damage to person or property.
z It is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of AKEMD products, who distributes, disposes of, or otherwise
places the product with a third party, to notify such third party in advance of the above content and conditions, and the
buyer or distributor agrees to assume any and all responsibility and liability for and hold AKEMD harmless from any
and all claims arising from the use of said product in the absence of such notification.
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