19-2539; Rev 1; 1/03 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers Features ♦ Dissipate Only 655mW While Driving 20.4dBm ADSL Full-Rate DMT-Modulated Signal ♦ Operate with ±5.0V and ±2.5V Power Supplies ♦ Complete ADSL Central-Office Line Interface (MAX9480/MAX9482) Two Preamplifiers plus Class-G Rail-to-Rail Buffers Active Line Termination plus Integrated Hybrid (MAX9480) Low-Noise Uncommitted Receive Amplifiers (MAX9482) Fixed-Gain Receive Amplifiers (MAX9480) Low-Output-Impedance Shutdown Mode ♦ Preamplifiers, Buffers, and Active Line Termination Functions (MAX9481) ♦ High-Output-Drive Capability 15VP-P Differential Output Voltage Swing at RL = 16Ω 500mA Output-Drive ♦ Low Distortion: -71dBc Highest Harmonic at 1MHz and 14VP-P ♦ High Speed: 250V/µs Slew Rate, 80MHz -3dB Bandwidth (G = -3) ♦ Thermal Shutdown ♦ Exposed Pads Improve Thermal Performance Applications Pin Configurations Ordering Information PART TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX9480CUP -40°C to +85°C 20 TSSOP-EP** MAX9481CUP -40°C to +85°C 20 TSSOP-EP MAX9482CUI -40°C to +85°C 28 TSSOP-EP MAX9482CGJ* -40°C to +85°C 32 QFN *Future product—contact factory for availability. **EP = Exposed pad. Full-Rate ADSL TOP VIEW HDSL POUT1 1 20 VLM Central Office IN1- 2 19 VLP DSLAM IN1+ 3 18 VCC 17 OUT1 RXP 4 DGND 5 MAX9480 SHDN 6 Typical Operating Circuits appear at end of data sheet. Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd. 16 VEE 15 VEE RXM 7 14 OUT2 IN2+ 8 13 VCC IN2- 9 12 VLP POUT2 10 11 VLM TSSOP Pin Configurations continued at end of data sheet. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct! at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 General Description The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 low-power, low-distortion, class-G, high-current asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL) drivers offer Rail-to-Rail® output and are ideal for ADSL in central-office applications. Operating from ±5V and ±2.5V supplies, the drivers incorporate two high-speed current-feedback preamplifiers driving two fixed-gain class-G buffers. The buffers can deliver 20.4dBm average line power with a signal crest factor of 5.3, and are designed to be directly DC or AC bridged across a 1:2.5 transformer. The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 employ an active line termination scheme for incoming signals that eliminates the need for back-match resistors, reducing line-card power consumption at full rate to less than half of that required by conventional class-AB line-driver circuits. The MAX9480 includes a hybrid network and two lownoise, fixed-gain-of-4.6V/V receive amplifiers. The part is designed to recover the receive signal to the same level as that of a conventional line interface circuit that incorporates a 1:2 transformer and standard back-matched hybrid, without degrading signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) or line-impedance sensitivity. The MAX9481 provides only the preamplifiers and buffers without the hybrid or receivers. The MAX9482 provides preamplifiers, buffers, and uncommitted receive amplifiers. All devices have a low-output-impedance shutdown function for saving power when not transmitting. At full-rate 20.4dBm discrete multitone data transmission (DMT), the total dynamic power dissipation is only 680mW (MAX9480/MAX9482) or 655mW (MAX9481). The MAX9480/MAX9481 are available in a 20-pin TSSOP package and the MAX9482 is available in 28-pin TSSOP and 32-pin QFN packages. All devices operate over the extended -40°C to +85°C temperature range. MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS POUT1/POUT2 Output Current .........................................100mA RXP/RXM Output Short-Circuit Duration to VCC/VEE/VLP/VLM ................................................................10s RXP/RXM Output Current..................................................100mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C) 20-Pin TSSOP with Pad Connected to VEE (derate 21.7mW/°C above +70°C) ..............................1739mW 20-Pin TSSOP with Floating Pad (derate 11.0mW/°C above +70°C) ................................879mW 28-Pin TSSOP with Pad Connected to VEE (derate 23.8mW/°C above +70°C) ..............................1905mW 28-Pin TSSOP with Floating Pad (derate 12.8mW/°C above +70°C) ..............................1026mW 32-Pin QFN (derate 23.3mW/°C above +70°C) .........1860mW* Operating Temperature Range (TMIN, TMAX) .....................................................-40°C to +85°C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300°C VCC to VEE ...........................................................................+12V VLP to VLM ............................................................................+12V VCC or VLP to DGND ................................................-0.3V to +6V VCC to VLP ................................................................-0.3V to +6V VEE or VLM to DGND ................................................-6V to +0.3V VEE to VLM ................................................................-6V to +0.3V Current into VLP or VLM ..................................................±250mA IN1+, IN1-, IN2+, IN2-......................(VCC + 0.3V) to (VEE - 0.3V) SHDN ...............................................(VCC + 0.3V) to (VEE - 0.3V) BOUT1/BOUT2 Output Short-Circuit Duration to VCC/VEE/VLP/VLM ....................................................Momentary BOUT1/BOUT2 Output Current...........................................20mA OUT1/OUT2 Output Short-Circuit Duration to VCC/VEE/VLP/VLM ....................................................Momentary OUT1/OUT2 Output Current ....................................................1A OUT1 to OUT2 Short-Circuit Duration ........................Continuous POUT1/POUT2 Output Short-Circuit Duration to VCC/VEE/VLP/VLM ................................................................10s *Refer to Application Note HFAN-08-1. Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VLP = +2.5V, VLM = -2.5V, DGND = 0, RL = 16Ω is connected from OUT1 to OUT2, SHDN = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values specified at TA = +25°C. Preamp configured for AV = +1 with 1kΩ from POUT_ to IN_-.) (Note 1) PARAMETER Dynamic Power Dissipation Dynamic Power Consumption SYMBOL PDISS PCONS CONDITIONS VOUT(DIFF) = 1.327VRMS, crest factor = 5.3 VOUT(DIFF) = 1.327VRMS, crest factor = 5.3 MIN 680 MAX9481 655 MAX9480/ MAX9482 790 MAX9481 Supply Voltage Range mW 765 4.75 5.00 5.25 VEE (Note 2) -4.75 -5.00 -5.25 VLP (Note 2) 2.25 2.50 2.75 VLM (Note 2) -2.25 ICC, IEE, ILP, ILM MAX9481, RL = ∞ UNITS mW (Note 2) MAX9482, RL = ∞ 2 MAX VCC MAX9480, RL = ∞ Quiescent Supply Current (Including Preamps) TYP MAX9480/ MAX9482 -2.50 -2.75 VCC, VEE 21.5 35.0 VLP, VLM 22.0 40.0 VCC, VEE 20.0 34.0 VLP, VLM 21.0 39.0 VCC, VEE 21.5 35.0 VLP, VLM 22.0 40.0 _______________________________________________________________________________________ V mA Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers (VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VLP = +2.5V, VLM = -2.5V, DGND = 0, RL = 16Ω is connected from OUT1 to OUT2, SHDN = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values specified at TA = +25°C. Preamp configured for AV = +1 with 1kΩ from POUT_ to IN_-.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MAX9480, RL = ∞ Shutdown Supply Current ISD MAX9481, RL = ∞ MAX9482, RL = ∞ MIN TYP MAX VCC, VEE 2.1 6.0 VLP, VLM 1.5 5.0 VCC, VEE 0.6 1.2 VLP, VLM 0.05 0.1 VCC, VEE 2.1 6.0 VLP, VLM 1.5 5.0 VCC - VEE = ±4.75V to ±5.25V 50 76 VLP - VLM = ±2.25V to ±2.75V 50 81 UNITS mA Transmit Path Power-Supply Rejection Ratio (Single Ended) PSRR Common-Mode Rejection CMR -200mV ≤ VCM ≤ +200mV 46 dB Hybrid Rejection Ratio (MAX9480 Only) HRR VOUT(DIFF) = ±1.2V 35 dB f = 100kHz -69 dB Driver-to-Receiver Crosstalk (MAX9482 Only) XTALK SHDN Logic Low VIL SHDN Logic High VIH SHDN Input Current IIH, IIL dB 0.8 2.0 V V ±5.0 SHDN = 0 or SHDN = VCC µA Shutdown Delay Time tSHDN 4.8 µs Shutdown Enable Time tENABLE 4 µs -66 dB Intermodulation Distortion IMD f1 = 1MHz, f2 = 900kHz, Typical Operating Circuit, VOUT(DIFF) = 2.0VP-P DRIVER Maximum RMS Output Power (Typical Operating Circuit) (Note 3) Closed-Loop Gain DMT modulation (crest factor, Cr = 5.33) 21.4 CAP modulation (crest factor, Cr = 4.00) 24.3 VOUT(DIFF) = 1.2VP-P -2.7 POUT G dBmW -3 -3.3 V/V Second Harmonic Distortion f = 1MHz, VOUT(DIFF) = 14VP-P, Typical Operating Circuit (Note 4) -71 dB Third Harmonic Distortion f = 1MHz, VOUT(DIFF) = 14VP-P, Typical Operating Circuit (Note 4) -74 dB 15.0 VP-P Differential Output Voltage Swing OUT_ Voltage Swing (per Amplifier) (Note 4) VOUT(DIFF) Typical Operating Circuit (Note 4) RL = 100Ω VOH, VOL RL = 16Ω BOUT_ Voltage Swing (per Amplifier) (Note 4) Peak Output Current Differential Output Offset Voltage VBOH, VBOL IOUT VOS(DIFF) IN1+ = IN2+ = 0 VCC - VOH 0.5 |VEE - VOL| 0.5 VCC - VOH 1.27 |VEE - VOL| 1.21 VCC - VBOH 0.45 |VEE - VBOL| 0.42 V V 500 mA ±5 mV _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) (VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VLP = +2.5V, VLM = -2.5V, DGND = 0, RL = 16Ω is connected from OUT1 to OUT2, SHDN = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values specified at TA = +25°C. Preamp configured for AV = +1 with 1kΩ from POUT_ to IN_-.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL Differential Output Offset-Voltage Drift VOS(DRIFT) Output Resistance (per Amplifier) ROUT -3dB Bandwidth BW Slew Rate SR Output Noise PSD PN Capacitive Load Stability CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX ±12 -200mV ≤ VOUT ≤ +200mV 6 SHDN = VCC 8 UNITS µV/°C 10 Ω 8 80 MHz 250 V/µs f = 100kHz to 1.1MHz, referred to 100Ω line -127 dBm/Hz No sustained oscillations 1000 pF 300 kΩ VOUT(DIFF) = 14VP-P step PREAMPS AND RECEIVERS (Note 5) Open-Loop Transimpedance Power-Supply Rejection Ratio ZOL PSRR -2V ≤ POUT ≤ +2V VCC - VEE = ±4.75V to ±5.25V 50 87 VLP - VLM = ±2.25V to ±2.75V 50 100 dB Input Offset Voltage VOS ±2 ±10 mV IN1+, IN2+, RXIN1+, RXIN2+ Bias Current IB+ ±1 ±20 µA IN1+, IN2+, RXIN1+, RXIN2+ Bias Current Matching IOS+ ±0.7 IN1-, IN2-, RXIN1-, RXIN2Bias Current IB- ±2.6 IN1-, IN2-, RXIN1-, RXIN2Bias Current Matching IOS- ±1.2 µA Input Resistance RIN IN1+, IN2+, RXIN1+, RXIN2+ 1.1 MΩ IN1-, IN2-, RXIN1-, RXIN2- 200 Ω 2 pF Input Capacitance CIN IN1+, IN2+, IN1-, IN2-, RXIN1+, RXIN2+, RXIN1-, RXIN2- µA ±20 µA Note 1: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. Specifications over temperature limits are guaranteed by design. Note 2: Guaranteed by the PSRR test. Note 3: Implied by worst-case output voltage swing (VOUT(DIFF)), crest factor (Cr), and load impedance (RL): 250 × V2 OUT(DIFF) PDRIVER = 10 log10 dBmW Cr 2 × RL Note 4: Device may exceed absolute maximum ratings for power dissipation if unit is subjected to full-scale sinusoids for long periods. See the Applications Information section. Note 5: Receiver specifications guaranteed for MAX9482 only. 4 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 200 fINPUT = 100kHz 2.5V SUPPLY 22 5V SUPPLY 18 14 100 5 6 7 8 9 10 35 60 85 VOUTP-P = 2.0V -180 20 -200 0 -220 OVERALL GAIN = -3V/V PREAMP GAIN = +1V/V -240 -260 -40 -20 0.1 1 2ND HARMONIC -80 2ND 3RD HARMONIC -300 100 10 -100 0.01 0.1 10 1 FREQUENCY (MHz) DRIVER HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE RECEIVER AMPLIFIER FREQUENCY RESPONSE 0 f = 1MHz -20 MAX9480 toc07 30 20 -30 2ND 3RD HARMONIC 2ND HARMONIC -60 90 B 45 C 0 0 -10 B A -70 -20 -80 SUPPLY CROSSOVER REGION -100 2 4 6 8 10 12 VOUT (DIFF) (VP-P) 14 16 18 -45 C -90 = GAIN = PHASE -30 -90 135 A 10 -50 85 -60 FREQUENCY (MHz) -40 60 -40 -280 = GAIN = PHASE -10 HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) -160 40 -80 0.01 0 -140 OVERALL GAIN = -9V/V PREAMP GAIN = +3V/V -60 35 DRIVER HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY MAX9480 toc04 80 10 TEMPERATURE (°C) TRANSMIT PATH FREQUENCY RESPONSE -20 -15 -40 TEMPERATURE (°C) VOUTP-P (V) 60 5V SUPPLY 0 -15 -40 10 1.2 MAX9480 toc05 4 GAIN (dB) 3 PHASE (DEGREES) 2 MAX9480 toc06 1 GAIN (dB) 0 2.5V SUPPLY 1.8 0.6 10 0 2.4 -40 0.01 0.1 PHASE (DEGREES) IAVG MAX9481 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (mA) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) 26 IAVG 300 SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 3.0 MAX9480 toc02 MAX9481 fINPUT = 1MHz HARMONIC DISTORTION (dBc) SUPPLY CURRENT (mA) IDC INPUT = DC 400 MAX9480 toc01 = ±5V SUPPLY = ±2.5V SUPPLY 500 30 MAX9480 toc03 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE 600 1 10 100 -135 1000 FREQUENCY (MHz) C: GAIN = 1V/V A: GAIN = 10V/V B: GAIN = 5V/V _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Typical Operating Characteristics (VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VLP = +2.5V, VLM = -2.5V, DGND = 0, RXIN1+ = RXIN2+ = 0, IN1+ = IN2+ = 0, RL = 16Ω is connected from OUT1 to OUT2, SHDN = 0, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Preamp configured for AV = +1 with 1kΩ from RXOUT_- to RXIN_-. Receiver configured for AV = +1 with 1kΩ from POUT_ to IN_-.) Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VCC = +5V, VEE = -5V, VLP = +2.5V, VLM = -2.5V, DGND = 0, RXIN1+ = RXIN2+ = 0, IN1+ = IN2+ = 0, RL = 16Ω is connected from OUT1 to OUT2, SHDN = 0, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted. Preamp configured for AV = +1 with 1kΩ from RXOUT_- to RXIN_-. Receiver configured for AV = +1 with 1kΩ from POUT_ to IN_-.) RECEIVER INPUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY RECEIVER AMPLIFIER HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY 100 -40 -50 10 DISTORTION (dBc) in+ 10 VOLTAGE NOISE (nV/√Hz) CURRENT NOISE (pA/√Hz) in- RLOAD = 150Ω VOUT = 1VP-P AV = 10V/V -60 3RD HARMONIC -70 2ND HARMONIC -80 -90 en 1 1 0.001 0.01 0.1 -100 0.001 1 0.01 FREQUENCY (MHz) OUTPUT NOISE vs. FREQUENCY 3RD HARMONIC -70 2ND HARMONIC -80 -110 -120 PREAMP GAIN = 3 -130 PREAMP GAIN = 1 -140 -150 -90 -160 0.0001 -100 1 2 4 3 0.1 1 VCC - VOL 1.25 1.20 |VCC - VOL| 1.10 800 750 POWER DISSIPATION (mW) MAX9480 toc12 1.35 1.15 0.01 POWER DISSIPATION vs. LINE POWER VOH AND VOL vs. TEMPERATURE 1.40 1.30 0.001 FREQUENCY (MHz) OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VP-P) MAX9480 toc13 0 700 650 MAX9480/MAX9482 600 550 MAX9481 500 450 1.05 400 1.00 -40 -15 10 35 TEMPERATURE (°C) 6 MAX9480 toc11 RLOAD = 150Ω f = 100kHz AV = 1V/V OUTPUT NOISE (dBm/Hz) DISTORTION (dBc) -100 MAX9480 toc10 -40 -60 1 0.1 FREQUENCY (MHz) RECEIVER AMPLIFIER HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. OUTPUT AMPLITUDE -50 MAX9480 toc09 MAX9480 toc08 100 VOH AND VOL (V) MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers 60 85 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 LINE POWER (dBm) _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers PIN MAX9480 MAX9481 NAME MAX9482 TSSOP QFN FUNCTION 1 2 2 31 POUT1 First Preamp Output 2 3 3 1 IN1- First Inverting Input 3 4 4 2 IN1+ First Noninverting Input 4 — 11 10 RXP Positive Receiver Output from Internal Hybrid 5 5 5 3 DGND Ground 6 6 6 4 SHDN Shutdown Control Pin 7 — 16 15 RXM 8 7 7 5 IN2+ 9 10 11, 20 8 9 11, 20 8 9 18, 28 6 7 17, 28 IN2POUT2 VLM Second Preamp Inverting Input Second Preamp Output -2.5V Negative Power-Supply Voltage 12, 19 12, 19 19, 27 18, 27 VLP +2.5V Positive Power-Supply Voltage 13, 18 13, 18 20, 25 19, 24 VCC 14 14 21 20 OUT2 15, 16 15, 16 22, 23 21, 22 VEE 17 17 24 23 OUT1 Negative Receiver Output from Internal Hybrid Second Preamp Noninverting Input +5V Positive Power-Supply Voltage Second Driver Output -5V First Negative Power-Supply Voltage First Driver Output — 1 1 30 BOUT1 First Driver Output Sense — 10 10 8 BOUT2 Second Driver Output Sense — — 12 11 RXIN1- First Receiver Inverting Input — — 13 12 RXIN1+ First Receiver Noninverting Input — — 14 13 RXIN2+ Second Receiver Noninverting Input — — 15 14 RXIN2- Second Receiver Inverting Input N.C. Not Internally Connected VEE Exposed pad internally connected to VEE. See the Applications Information section. — — 17, 26 9, 16, 25, 26, 29, 32 EP EP EP EP _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Pin Description MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers Detailed Description The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 are fully differential line transceivers for ADSL applications. Each transmit path has a high-bandwidth, low-distortion, current-feedback operational amplifier followed by a fixed-gain class-G output buffer. The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 are class-G devices and require two dual power supplies, ±5V and ±2.5V. All preamplifier inputs and outputs are available to allow external gain configuration. The MAX9480 contains an internal hybrid echo cancellation circuit with receiver amplifiers set to a fixed gain of 4.6V/V. The MAX9482 has no internal hybrid, but contains two uncommitted low-noise op amps for coupling to an external hybrid network. The MAX9481 has only the preamp and line-driver circuits. The two class-G output buffers are internally configured for an inverting gain of three, and employ an active termination scheme that presents an 8Ω load to incoming signals. The buffers are designed for use with a 1:2.5 line transformer and can deliver 20.4dBm average line power with a signal crest factor of 5.3 into a standard 100Ω line. The outputs are designed to be directly DCor AC-bridged across the transformer. The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 have a low-output impedance, low-power shutdown mode that is activated by driving SHDN high. Transmit path amplifiers and buffers are disabled while the part is in shutdown, and an 8Ω resistor is coupled directly between OUT_ and the output of a three-state buffer referenced to DGND (0V). The receive amplifiers remain active in shutdown mode. Applications Information Theory of Operation The preamplifiers and receivers are current-feedback amplifiers; thus, their open-loop transfer function is expressed as a transimpedance, ∆VOUT/∆IIN, or ZOL. The frequency behavior of their open-loop transimpedance is similar to the open-loop gain of a voltage-feedback amplifier; that is, they have a large DC value that decreases at approximately 6dB per octave. Analyzing the follower with gain, as shown in Figure 1, yields the following transfer function: ZOL(S) VOUT = G× VIN ZOL(S) + G × (RIN + RF ) [Equation 1] where G = AVCL = 1 + (RF/RG), and RIN = 1/gM ≠ 200Ω. At low gains, G x RIN << RF. Therefore, the closed-loop bandwidth is essentially independent of closed-loop gain. Similarly, ZOL >> RF at low frequencies, so that: VOUT R = G = 1+ F VIN RG [Equation 2] Shutdown Forcing SHDN high puts the MAX9480/MAX9481/ MAX9482 into low-power shutdown mode. In shutdown mode, OUT1 and OUT2 are low impedance, and the power-supply currents drop to less than 10% of their normal quiescent operating values. When coming out of shutdown, allow about 1.5µs before commencing operation. PC Board Layout RG RF RIN +1 +1 VIN ZOL MAX9480 MAX9481 MAX9482 Figure 1. Current Feedback Amplifier Block Diagram 8 VOUT Power-Supply Bypassing The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 are wide-bandwidth devices and require careful board layout, including the possible use of constant-impedance microstrip or stripline techniques. To realize the full AC performance of these high-speed amplifiers, pay careful attention to power-supply bypassing. The PC board should have at least two layers: a signal and power layer on one side, and a large, low-impedance ground plane on the other side. The ground plane should be as free of voids as possible. With multilayer boards, locate the ground plane on a layer that incorporates no signal or power traces. Observe the following guidelines when designing the board. IC sockets increase parasitic capacitance and inductance, and should not be used. Do not make 90° turns; round all corners. Observe high-frequency bypassing techniques to maintain the amplifier’s _______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers Exposed-Pad Connection For optimum electrical performance, the EP of the MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 should be soldered to the PC board and electrically connected to VEE with as wide a trace as possible. If using the EP, the 100µF to 220µF low-ESR tantalum capacitor should be used to decouple the EP to the ground plane of the PC board as close to the EP region as possible. For optimum thermal performance, the EP should be additionally connected to a heat sink, as described in the Thermal Protection and Power Dissipation section. Preamp Output Bypassing In addition to the above layout considerations, and independent of the gain setting, some high-frequency bypassing of the preamp outputs is necessary to prevent instability arising from the high-frequency input impedance characteristics of the buffers. A 50Ω resistor in series with a 2200pF ceramic capacitor should be connected between POUT_ and DGND, with a 47pF capacitor connected directly between POUT_ and DGND. DC and Noise Errors There are several error sources to consider when using any operational amplifier, and this applies to the MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 as well. Offset-error terms are given by equations 3 and 4. Voltage and current-noise errors are root-square summed and therefore computed separately. In Figure 3, the total output offset voltage is determined by: • The input offset voltage, VOS, times the closed-loop gain (1 + (RF / RG)). • The positive input bias current, IB+, times the source resistor, RS (typically less than 10Ω), plus the negative input bias current, IB-, times the parallel combination of R G and R F . In current-mode feedback amplifiers, the input bias currents may flow into or out of the device. For this reason, there is no benefit to matching the resistance at both inputs, as is common in voltage-feedback amplifiers. VIN RG RF RT MAX9480 MAX9481 MAX9482 VOUT RS (a) VOUT = - ( RRGF ) (VIN ) RG RF Choosing Feedback and Gain Resistors The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 use current-feedback amplifiers. Figure 2 shows the standard inverting and noninverting configurations. Notice that the gain of the noninverting circuit, Figure 2(b), is 1 plus the magnitude of the inverting closed-loop gain. Increasing feedback resistor values decreases peaking. Use the input resistor, RG, to change the magnitude of the gain. Do not use feedback capacitance. MAX9480 MAX9481 MAX9482 VIN VOUT RT (b) VOUT = 1+ RF RG [ ( )] (VIN ) Figure 2. Inverting Gain Configuration and Noninverting Gain Configuration _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 accuracy. The bypass capacitors should include a 0.1µF ceramic capacitor between each supply pin and the ground plane, located as close to the package as possible. Additionally, place a 1µF to 10µF ceramic or tantalum capacitor in parallel with each 0.1µF capacitor, and as close to them as possible. Place a 10µF to 15µF low-ESR tantalum capacitor at the VCC, VLM, and VLP power-supply points of entry to the PC board. Place a 100µF to 220µF low-ESR tantalum capacitor at the VEE power-supply point of entry to the PC board. The powersupply traces should lead directly from the board input capacitors to VCC and VEE. To minimize parasitic inductance, keep PC traces short and use surface-mount components. Wire-wrapped boards are much too inductive, and breadboards are much too capacitive; neither should be used. Power-supply sequencing is required; apply ±5.0 before applying ±2.5V. MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers R7 800Ω RG RF R8 667Ω IBMAX9480 MAX9481 MAX9482 IB+ ZOUT VOUT R1 1.6Ω RS Figure 3. Input Offset Voltage and Current R10 540Ω R9 945Ω The equation for total DC error is: [Equation 3] R VOUT = (IB + )RS + (IB − )(RF || RG ) + VOS 1 + F RG [ ] The total output-referred noise voltage is: [Equation 4] R en(OUT) = 1+ F RG [(in+ )Rs] + [(in− )RF || RG ] 2 2 + (en )2 The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 have very low noise input voltage (en), 3.5nV/√Hz (typ). The current noise at the noninverting input (in+) is 4.0pA/√Hz (typ), and the current noise at the inverting input, in-, is 15pA/√Hz (typ). An example of the DC error calculations, using the MAX9480 data and the Typical Operating Circuit where RF = RG = 1kΩ (RF || RG = 500Ω) and RS = 50Ω, gives the following, using equation 3: ( ) ( ) 1000 × 1000 −6 50 + 2.6 × 10−6 1.0 × 10 1000 + 1000 VOUT = 1000 + 0.002 x 1 + 1000 where VOUT = 6.7mV at the preamp outputs. Calculating total preamp output noise using equation 4 yields 16.6nV/√Hz, which then contributes 50nV/√Hz at the driver output. The driver noise contributes an additional 35mV/√Hz, to the overall output noise. 10 Figure 4. Active Line Termination Scheme, Single Side Driving Capacitive Loads The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 receive amplifiers are optimized for AC performance. They are not designed to drive highly capacitive loads. Reactive loads decrease phase margin and can produce excessive ringing and oscillation. Output-Impedance Synthesis To help meet the contradictory requirements of high output power and low-power use, the active termination circuit shown in Figure 5 is used. This circuit is designed to present a line termination of 8Ω. R1 is a physical 1.6Ω resistor voltage feedback from the outboard end of R1 to the noninverting input of the amplifier, introduces positive feedback, which increases the effective output-impedance value from 1.6Ω to 8Ω. Hence, the impedance looking into the port matches the line impedance reflected through the transformer. Assuming an ideal amplifier, the following equation expresses the output impedance: ZOUT = R1 R7 R10 1 − 1 + R8 R9 + R10 [Equation 5] Substituting the values of the resistors shown in Figure 4 into equation 5, we obtain ZOUT = 8Ω. The output equivalent circuit for the line driver is shown in Figure 5. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers Tx PORT 1:2.5 LINE PORT ZIN = 16Ω LINE + ZOUT = 100Ω LINE - ZOUT = 8Ω Figure 5. Output Equivalent Circuit With a 1:2.5 transformer, the two 8Ω impedances realized by the active-feedback network form a perfect line termination. The MAX9480 family’s active termination design makes it possible to use a ±5V power supply instead of ±12V or ±15V, significantly increasing driver efficiency. In this pseudo-class-G amplifier, there is no abrupt supply switchover between the higher voltage and the lower voltage amplifiers, as in a traditional class G. It is a seamless transition that depends only on the amplitude of the input signal and the gain. The lower voltage amplifier has a high conversion conductance, GA, and the higher voltage amplifier has a low conductance, GB. With a low input voltage, the lower voltage amplifier provides most of the output current to the load. As the voltage of the input signal increases, the lower voltage amplifier starts to saturate and the higher voltage amplifier begins to drive the output. 0.8Rx MAX9480 Hybrid Considerations The MAX9480 includes an internal hybrid coupling circuit to realize the receive function with no external components. The hybrid couples the transmitted signal from the line-driver port (Tx port) to the line port and cancels the echo in the receiving port (Rx port). The hybrid circuit is detailed in Figure 6. If using the MAX9481 or the MAX9482, external circuitry must be added to realize a receive function. The MAX9482 includes two uncommitted op amps for this purpose. A traditional hybrid network with a 2:1 resistor ratio must be replaced with a 1.2:1 ratio to achieve nominal echo cancellation. Additionally, the use of a synthesized output impedance has the side effect of preventing a “virtual-ground” condition at the driver output (BOUT), as seen by the receive signal. Hence, the resulting hybrid circuit exhibits an increased attenuation of the receive signal with respect to a traditional case with no synthesis. For central-office ADSL applications, the noise specifications allow this trade-off to be made. Rx Tx 0.8Tx R1 1.6Ω R4 1.2kΩ RXM 0Tx + 0.18Rx Rx PORT Tx PORT 0Tx - 0.18Rx RXP R6 1.2kΩ R2 1.6Ω R5 1kΩ OUT2 -Rx -0.8Rx -Tx -0.8Tx (a) HYBRID CIRCUIT IN MAX9480 0Rx Rx Tx 0.5Tx LINE PORT OUT1 8Ω 1kΩ 2kΩ RXM 0Tx + 0.67Rx Pseudo-Class-G Amplifier The driver consists of two stages: the current-feedback preamplifier and the voltage-feedback buffer. To save power, the preamplifier uses a power supply of only ±2.5V. The output swing of the preamplifier is about 3.0VP-P. The buffer is designed as a pseudo-class-G amplifier with a fixed gain of -3V/V. This buffer stage employs two power supplies: a lower voltage supply, ±2.5V, and a higher voltage supply, ±5V. In the differential driver, two parallel amplifiers provide the output current to the load, as shown in Figure 7. LINE PORT OUT1 R3 1kΩ Rx PORT Tx PORT 0Tx - 0.67Rx RXP 1kΩ 2kΩ 8Ω -0.0Rx -Tx OUT2 -Rx -0.5Tx (b) TRADITIONAL HYBRID CIRCUIT Figure 6. Hybrid Circuit in the MAX9480 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 ZOUT = 8Ω This smooth transition between the lower voltage amplifier and the higher voltage amplifier guarantees no glitch on the output signal, and ensures high linearity for high output power, while at the same time consuming minimum power. The relation between the input voltage and the output current of this pseudo-class-G buffer is illustrated in Figure 8. Typical Operating Circuit, the MAX9480 is coupled to the phone line through just such a transformer. The total differential load for the MAX9480 is therefore 16Ω. Active termination is included on all devices in the MAX9480 family (as explained above in the OutputImpedance Synthesis section). Thermal Protection and Power Dissipation A step-up transformer at the output of the differential line driver has a step-down effect on signals received from the line. A voltage attenuation equal to the inverse of the turns ratio is realized in the receive channel. This is an addition to the attenuation due to the hybrid circuitry itself (see the Hybrid Considerations section). The MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 are available in the EP version of the TSSOP. The EP facilitates heat transfer out of the package if the pad is soldered to a heat sink made from an area of circuit board copper. Connect this copper dissipation area to V EE . For a DMT-modulated signal with a crest factor greater than or equal to 5.3, the power dissipation of the MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 should not exceed 700mW; the 20-pin TSSOP-EP package with its EP floating allows 714mW peak power at +85°C. Hence, heat sinking is not essential, but is desirable for attaining optimal electrical performance. Note that the part is capable of 500mA peak output current, which could cause thermal shutdown in applications with elevated ambient temperatures and/or signals with low crest factors. The thermal shutdown feature prevents the die temperature from exceeding +150°C. See Figure 9 for a guide to power derating for each of the packages. Receiver Channel Considerations I IOUT IOUTB Transformer Selection Full-rate, central-office ADSL requires the transmission of a +20.4dBm (110mW) DMT signal. The DMT signal has a typical crest factor of 5.3, requiring the line driver to provide peak line power of 35.4dBm (3.4W). The 35.4dBm peak line power translates to a 36V peak-topeak differential voltage on a 100Ω line. The output swing available from the MAX9480 family of line drivers with a ±5V supply is 15.0VP-P, and hence a step-up transformer with turns ratio of 1:2.5 is needed. In the IOUTA VIN Figure 8. Amplifier Output Characteristics 5000 28-TSSOP, PAD TO VEE +2.5V LOWER VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER IOUTA IOUT -2.5V VIN +5V HIGHER VOLTAGE AMPLIFIER LOAD IOUTB -5V MAXIMUM DISSIPATION (mW) MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers 4000 QFN 20-TSSOP, PAD TO VEE 3000 2000 1000 28-TSSOP, PAD FLOATING 20-TSSOP, PAD FLOATING 0 -40 -15 10 35 60 85 TEMPERATURE (°C) Figure 7. Output Stage of Pseudo-Class-G Amplifier 12 Figure 9. Maximum Power Dissipation vs. Temperature ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers RCVP 1.00kΩ IN1- POUT1 5V 2.5V VCC VLP MAX9480 IN1+ OUT1 SHDN 8Ω RXM 1:2.5 DGND PHONE LINE 100Ω INPUT 8Ω RXP OUT2 IN2+ IN21.00kΩ RCVN POUT2 VEE VLM -5V -2.5V ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Typical Operating Circuits Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Typical Operating Circuits (continued) 1.0kΩ 250Ω RCVP 1.00kΩ IN1- POUT1 5V 2.5V VCC VLP 1.20kΩ 1.00kΩ BOUT1 IN1+ OUT1 SHDN 8Ω 1:2.5 DGND PHONE LINE 100Ω INPUT MAX9481 8Ω OUT2 IN2+ BOUT2 IN21.00kΩ POUT2 VEE VLM -5V -2.5V 1.20kΩ 1.00kΩ RCVN 250kΩ 1.0kΩ 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers RCVP 5V 2.5V VCC VLP 1.0kΩ RXP 250Ω RXIN1- POUT1 RXIN1+ 1.00kΩ 1.20kΩ IN1- 1.00kΩ BOUT1 IN1+ OUT1 SHDN 8Ω 1:2.5 PHONE LINE 100Ω DGND INPUT MAX9482 8Ω OUT2 IN2+ BOUT2 IN21.20kΩ 1.00kΩ 1.00kΩ RXIN2+ POUT2 250Ω RXIN2VEE VLM -5V -2.5V RXM 1.0kΩ RCVN ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Typical Operating Circuits (continued) Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers N.C. N.C. VCC 23 OUT1 25 VCC DGND 3 22 VEE 24 OUT1 SHDN 4 21 VEE 20 OUT2 16 VEE DGND 5 15 VEE SHDN 6 23 VEE IN2+ 5 IN2- 6 19 VCC POUT2 7 18 VLP BOUT2 8 17 VLM 11 VLM BOUT2 10 19 VLP RXP 11 18 VLM RXIN1- 12 17 N.C. RXIN1+ 13 16 RXM RXIN2+ 14 15 RXIN2- 16 BOUT2 10 N.C. 20 VCC 15 POUT2 9 RXM 12 VLP 14 POUT2 9 RXIN2- 21 OUT2 13 IN2- 8 RXIN2+ 13 VCC 12 IN2- 8 9 22 VEE 10 IN2+ 7 RXP 14 OUT2 MAX9482 N.C. IN2+ 7 TSSOP 25 24 2 11 SHDN 6 MAX9482 1 RXIN1- MAX9481 IN1IN1+ RXIN1+ DGND 5 VLP IN1+ 4 26 17 OUT1 VLM IN1+ 4 27 26 N.C. N.C. IN1- 3 28 18 VCC BOUT1 27 VLP IN1- 3 29 28 VLM POUT1 2 30 BOUT1 1 19 VLP POUT1 20 VLM POUT1 2 N.C. BOUT1 1 31 TOP VIEW 32 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Pin Configurations (continued) QFN TSSOP Chip Information MAX9480 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 2557 MAX9481 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 2557 MAX9482 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 2607 PROCESS: Bipolar 16 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers TSSOP, 4.0,EXP PADS.EPS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 17 MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Package Information (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) Package Information (continued) (The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages.) 32L QFN.EPS MAX9480/MAX9481/MAX9482 Low-Power, Low-Distortion, Central-Office ADSL Drivers and Integrated Drivers/Receivers Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 18 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 © 2003 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.