IS31LT3353 40V/1A BUCK LED DRIVER WITH INTERNAL SWITCH May 2015 GENERAL DESCRIPTION FEATURES The IS31LT3353 is a continuous mode inductive step-down converter, designed for driving a single LED or multiple series connected LEDs efficiently from a voltage source higher than the LED voltage. The chip operates from an input supply between 6V and 40V and provides an externally adjustable output current of up to 1A. The IS31LT3353 includes an integrated output switch and a high-side output current sensing circuit, which uses an external resistor to set the nominal average output current. The output current can be dynamically adjusted by adding either a digital PWM or analog voltage level signal to the ADJ pin. A PWM signal will provide a gated output current while a voltage signal will generate a continuously linear output current. APPLICATIONS Applying a voltage less than 0.2V to the ADJ pin turns the output off and switches the chip into a low current standby state. The chip is assembled in SOT23-5 and SOT89-5 packages. It operates from 6V to 40V over the temperature range of -40°C to +125°C. Up to 1A output current High efficiency (up to 97% ) Wide input voltage range: 6V to 40V Internal 40V power switch Simple low parts count Typical 3% output current accuracy Single pin on/off and brightness control using DC voltage or PWM Up to 1MHz switching frequency Inherent LED open-circuit/short-circuit protection Thermal shutdown protection circuitry Up to 1200: 1 dimming rate LED MR16, MR11 spot light LED street light PAR light Industrial lighting Refrigeration lights Other LED lighting APPLICATION CIRCUIT Figure 1 Typical Application Circuit Note: The capacitor, C2, can’t be removed. And it should be placed as close as possible to the VIN and GND pins, otherwise the operation might be abnormal. Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 1 IS31LT3353 PIN CONFIGURATION Package Pin Configuration SOT23-5 SOT89-5 LX 1 GND 2 ADJ 3 5 VIN Thermal Pad 4 ISENSE PIN DESCRIPTION No. Pin Description 1 LX Drain of power switch. 2 GND SOT23-5 SOT89-5 3 4 5 - Ground (0V). Multi-function On/Off and brightness control pin: * Leave floating for normal operation.(VADJ = VREF = 1.2V giving nominal average output current IOUT_NOM =0.1/RS) * Drive to voltage below 0.2V to turn off output current. * Drive with DC voltage (0.3V<VADJ <1.2V) to adjust output ADJ current from 25% to 100% of IOUT_NOM. * Drive with PWM signal to adjust output current. * When driving the ADJ pin above 1.2V, the current will be clamped to 100% brightness automatically. Connect resistor RS from this pin to VIN to define nominal ISENSE average output current IOUT_NOM =0.1/RS. VIN Input voltage (6V ~ 40V). Decouple to ground with 0.1μF X7R ceramic capacitor as close to device as possible. Thermal Connect to GND. Pad Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 2 IS31LT3353 ORDERING INFORMATION Industrial Range: -40°C to +125°C Order Part No. Package QTY/Reel IS31LT3353-STLS4-TR IS31LT3353-SDLS4-TR SOT23-5, Lead-free SOT89-5, Lead-free 3000 2500 Copyright © 2015 Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. All rights reserved. ISSI reserves the right to make changes to this specification and its products at any time without notice. ISSI assumes no liability arising out of the application or use of any information, products or services described herein. Customers are advised to obtain the latest version of this device specification before relying on any published information and before placing orders for products. Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. does not recommend the use of any of its products in life support applications where the failure or malfunction of the product can reasonably be expected to cause failure of the life support system or to significantly affect its safety or effectiveness. Products are not authorized for use in such applications unless Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. receives written assurance to its satisfaction, that: a.) the risk of injury or damage has been minimized; b.) the user assume all such risks; and c.) potential liability of Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc is adequately protected under the circumstances Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 3 IS31LT3353 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Input voltage, VIN ISENSE voltage, VSENSE LX output voltage, VLX Adjust pin input voltage, VADJ Switch output current, ILX Power dissipation, PD(MAX) (SOT23-5)(Note 2) Power dissipation, PD(MAX) (SOT89-5) Operating temperature, TA Storage temperature, TST Junction temperature, TJMAX Junction to ambient, θJA (SOT23-5) Junction to ambient, θJA (SOT89-5) ESD (HBM) at LX pin ESD (HBM) at other pins ESD (CDM) -0.3V ~ +43V VIN-5V ~ VIN+0.3V (VIN≥5V) -0.3V ~ VIN+0.3V (VIN<5V) -0.3V ~ +43V -0.3V ~ +6V 1.2A 0.46W 0.94W -40°C ~ +125°C -55°C ~ +150°C 150°C 271°C/W 132.6°C/W 1kV 3kV 1kV Note 1: Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other condition beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Note 2: Detail information please refer to package thermal de-rating curve on Page 12. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Test conditions: VIN = 12V, TA =TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise stated. (Note 3) Symbol VIN Parameter Conditions Input voltage Quiescent supply current with output off ADJ pin grounded IINQ_ON Quiescent supply current with output switching ADJ pin floating VSENSE Mean current sense threshold voltage 70 97 Sense threshold hysteresis ISENSE ISENSE pin input current VSENSE =VIN -0.1V VREF Internal reference voltage Measured on ADJ pin with pin floating VADJ External control voltage range on ADJ pin for dc brightness control VADJ_OFF DC voltage on ADJ pin to switch chip from active (on) state to quiescent (off) state VADJ falling 0.15 VADJ_ON DC voltage on ADJ pin to switch chip from quiescent (off) state to active (on) state VADJ rising 0.2 RADJ Resistance between ADJ pin and VREF ILX_MEAN Continuous LX switch current Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 Typ. Max. Unit 40 V 120 160 μA 450 600 μA 100 103 mV 6 IINQ_OFF VSENSEHYS Min. ±15 % 8 μA 1.2 V 0.3 (Note 4) 1.2 V 0.2 0.25 V 0.25 0.3 V 500 kΩ 1 A 4 IS31LT3353 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Test conditions: VIN = 12V, TA =TJ = 25°C, unless otherwise stated. (Note 3) Symbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit 1 μA 1 Ω ILX_LEAK LX switch leakage current RLX LX switch ‘ON’ resistance tON_MIN Minimum switch ‘ON’ time LX switch ‘ON’ (Note 4) 200 ns tOFF_MIN Minimum switch ‘OFF’ time LX switch ‘OFF’ (Note 4) 200 ns Typical contrast ratio fPWM =100Hz, VIN =15V, 1LED, L=27µH (Note 4) 1200:1 1 Recommended maximum operating frequency (Note 4) DLX Recommended duty cycle range of output switch at fLX_MAX (Note 4) tPD Internal comparator propagation delay (Note 4) 50 ns TSD Thermal shutdown temperature (Note 4) 150 °C Thermal shutdown hysteresis (Note 4) 20 °C DDIM fLX_MAX TSD_HYS 0.5 30 70 1 MHz 90 % Note 3: Production testing of the device is performed at 25°C. Functional operation of the device and parameters specified over -40°C to +125°C temperature range, are guaranteed by design, characterization and process control. Note 4: Guaranteed by design. Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 5 IS31LT3353 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 4 6 L = 47μH RS = 0.1Ω 3 4 2 3 1 Error (%) Error(%) L = 47μH RS = 0.2Ω 5 1LED 0 2LED 3LED -1 4LED 6LED 7LED 10 15 2LED 20 3LED 4LED 25 5LED 6LED -4 8LED 9LED 10LED 5 0 1LED -1 -3 -3 -4 1 -2 5LED -2 2 30 35 7LED 8LED -6 40 5 10 15 Output Current Error vs. Power Supply 95 Figure 3 5LED 6LED 7LED 8LED 9LED 10LED 95 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 2LED 85 1LED 80 6 10 5LED 4LED 40 6LED 7LED 8LED 9LED 10LED 85 1LED 80 15 20 25 30 35 75 40 6 10 15 Efficiency vs. Power Supply Figure 4 20 25 30 35 40 Power Supply(V) Figure 5 Efficiency vs. Power Supply 140 700 Shutdown Mode Operating Mode 120 Supply Current (µA) 600 Supply Current (µA) 35 2LED 90 Power Supply(V) 500 400 300 200 100 80 60 40 100 0 30 3LED 3LED 90 25 Output Current Error vs. Power Supply L = 47μH RS = 0.2Ω 4LED 75 20 100 100 L = 47μH RS = 0.1Ω 10LED Power Supply(V) Power Supply(V) Figure 2 9LED -5 20 6 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 6 Supply Current vs. Power Supply (Operating Mode) Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 15 20 25 30 35 40 Power Supply(V) Power Supply(V) Figure 6 10 Figure 7 Supply Current vs. Power Supply (Shutdown Mode) 6 IS31LT3353 1.25 1.25 Low Supply Voltage Normal Supply Voltage 1.23 VREF Voltage (V) VREF Voltage (V) 1.23 1.21 1.19 1.17 1.15 1.21 1.19 1.17 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5 1.15 10 6 10 14 18 Power Supply(V) 26 30 34 38 40 Power Supply(V) VREF vs. Power Supply (Low Supply Voltage) Figure 8 22 Figure 9 1200 VREF vs. Power Supply (Normal Supply Voltage) 700 VIN = 12V VIN = 12V 600 1180 RDS_ON (mΩ) VADJ (mV) 500 1160 1140 400 300 200 1120 100 1100 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 0 -40 -25 -10 5 20 Temperature (°C) Figure 10 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 Temperature (°C) VADJ vs. Temperature Figure 11 RDS_ON vs. Temperature 110 Time (10µs/Div) VSENSE Voltage (mV) VIN = 12V 106 VADJ 2.0V/Div 102 98 94 90 -40 -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 Temperature (°C) Figure 12 VSENSE vs. Temperature Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 110 125 VIN = 12V L = 47µH RS = 0.13Ω IL 200mA/Div Figure 13 ADJ Pin Voltage vs. IL 7 IS31LT3353 VIN = 12V L = 47µH RS = 0.13Ω VIN = 12V L = 47µH RS = 0.13Ω IL 500mA/Div LED Open VLED 5V/Div LED Short VLX 10V/Div IL 500mA/Div Time (100ms/Div) Figure 14 LED Open-Circuit Protection Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 Time (100ms/Div) Figure 15 LED Short-Circuit Protection 8 IS31LT3353 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 9 IS31LT3353 APPLICATION INFORMATION SETTING NOMINAL AVERAGE OUTPUT CURRENT WITH EXTERNAL RESISTOR R S the current will be clamped to 100% brightness automatically. The nominal average output current in the LED(s) is determined by the value of the external current sense resistor (RS) connected between VIN and ISENSE pins and in is given by Equation (1): The input impedance of the ADJ pin is 500kΩ (Typ.). I OUT _ NOM OUTPUT CURRENT ADJUSTMENT BY PWM CONTROL Directly Driving ADJ Input 0.1 RS (1) Note that RS=0.1Ω is the minimum allowed value of sense resistor under these conditions to maintain switch current below the specified maximum value. It is possible to use different values of RS if the ADJ pin is driven from an external voltage. The table below gives values of nominal average output current for several preferred values of current setting resistor (RS) in the typical application circuit Figure 1: A Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) signal with duty cycle DPWM can be applied to the ADJ pin, as shown in Figure 17, to adjust the output current to a value below the nominal average value set by resistor RS, the signal range is from 0V~5V.The logic “HIGH” is higher than 1.2V, the logic “LOW” is lower than 0.2V.The PWM signal must have the driving ability to drive internal 500kΩ pull-up resistor. RS (Ω) Nominal Average Output Current (mA) Figure 17 PWM Dimming Control Via ADJ Pin 0.1 1000 Driving The ADJ Input From A Microcontroller 0.15 667 0.3 333 Another possibility is to drive the chip from the open drain output of a microcontroller. The Figure 18 below shows one method of doing this: The above values assume that the ADJ pin is floating and at a nominal voltage of VREF =1.2V. Rs need to be chosen 1% accuracy resistor with enough power tolerance and good temperature characteristic to ensure stable output current. OUTPUT CURRENT ADJUSTMENT BY EXTERNAL DC CONTROL VOLTAGE The ADJ pin can be driven by an external DC voltage (VADJ), as shown in Figure 16, to adjust the output current to a value above or below the nominal average value defined by RS. Figure 18 Dimming By MCU The diode and resistor suppress possible high amplitude negative spikes on the ADJ input resulting from the drain-source capacitance of the FET. Negative spikes at the input to the chip should be avoided as they may cause errors in output current or erratic device operation. SHUTDOWN MODE Taking the ADJ pin to a voltage below 0.2V will turn off the output and supply current will fall to a low standby level of 120μA nominal. Figure 16 Dimming by External DC Voltage The nominal average output current in this case is given by Equation (2): I OUT _ DC 0.083 V ADJ RS (2) For 0.3V< VADJ <1.2V. Note that 100% brightness setting corresponds to VADJ = VREF. When driving the ADJ pin above 1.2V, Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 INHERENT OPEN-CIRCUIT LED PROTECTION If the connection to the LED(s) is open-circuited, the coil is isolated from the LX pin of the chip, so the chip will not be damaged, unlike in many boost converters, where the back EMF may damage the internal switch by forcing the drain above its breakdown voltage. CAPACITOR SELECTION A low ESR capacitor should be used for input decoupling, as the ESR of this capacitor appears in 10 IS31LT3353 series with the supply source impedance and lowers overall efficiency. This capacitor has to supply the relatively high peak current to the coil and smooth the current ripple on the input supply. If the source is DC supply, the capacitor is decided by ripple of the source, the value is given by Equation (3): C MIN I t F ON U MAX (3) t ON VIN VLED L I (4) I AVG ( RS RL RLX ) Note: tON_MIN > 200ns. LX Switch 'OFF' time: t OFF VLED L I VD I AVG ( RL RS ) (5) Note: tOFF_MIN > 200ns. IF is the value of output current, U MAX is the ripple of power supply. tON is the “ON” time of MOSFET. Where: The value is higher than the minimum value. A 100µF capacitor is recommended. RL is the coil resistance (Ω) If the source is an AC supply, typical output voltages ripple from a nominal 12V AC transformer can be ±10%.If the input capacitor value is lower than 220μF, the AC input waveform is distorted, sometimes the lowest value will be lower than the forward voltage of LED strings. This lower the average current of the LEDs. So it is recommended to set the value of the capacitor bigger than 220µF. ∆I is the coil peak-peak ripple current (A) {Internally set to 0.3 × IAVG} To minimize the ground bounce, It must connect a 0.1µF capacitor as close to device as possible. This capacitor can’t be removed, otherwise the operation might be abnormal. INDUCTOR SELECTION Recommended inductor values for the IS31LT3353 are in the range 47μH to 220μH. Higher values of inductance are recommended at higher supply voltages and low output current in order to minimize errors due to switching delays, which result in increased ripple and lower efficiency. Higher values of inductance also result in a smaller change in output current over the supply voltage range. The inductor should be mounted as close to the chip as possible with low resistance connections to the LX and VIN pins. The chosen coil should have a saturation current higher than the peak output current and a continuous current rating above the required mean output current. It is recommended to use inductor with saturation current bigger than 1.5A for 1A output current and inductor with saturation current bigger than 500mA for 350mA output current. The inductor value should be chosen to maintain operating duty cycle and switch 'on/off' times within the specified limits over the supply voltage and load current range. The following equations can be used as a guide. LX Switch 'ON' time: L is the coil inductance (H) IAVG is the required LED current (A) VIN is the supply voltage (V) VLED is the total LED forward voltage (V) RLX is the switch resistance (Ω) VD is the diode forward voltage at the required load current (V) Example: For VIN=12V, L=47μH, RL=0.26Ω, VLED=3.4V, IAVG =333mA, VD =0.36V, RS = 0.3Ω, RLX=0.5Ω: 47 0.3 0.333 0.569 s 12 3.4 0.333 (0.3 0.26 0.5) 47 0.3 0.333 1.19 s 3.4 0.36 0.333 (0.26 0.3) t ON t OFF This gives an operating frequency of 569kHz and a duty cycle of 32%. Optimum performance will be achieved by setting the duty cycle close to 50% at the nominal supply voltage. This helps to equalize the undershoot and overshoot and improves temperature stability of the output current. DIODE SELECTION For maximum efficiency and performance, the rectifier (D1) should be a fast low capacitance Schottky diode with low reverse leakage at the maximum operating voltage and temperature. If alternative diodes are used, it is important to select parts with a peak current rating above the peak coil current and a continuous current rating higher than the maximum output load current. It is very important to consider the reverse leakage of the diode when operating at high temperature. Excess leakage will increase the power dissipation in the device. The higher forward voltage and overshoot due to Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 11 IS31LT3353 REDUCING OUTPUT RIPPLE A value of 1μF will reduce nominal ripple current by a factor three (approx.). Proportionally lower ripple can be achieved with higher capacitor values. Note that the capacitor will not affect operating frequency or efficiency, but it will increase start-up delay, by reducing the rate of rise of LED voltage. PD ( MAX ) When operating the chip at high ambient temperatures, or when driving maximum load current, care must be taken to avoid exceeding the package power dissipation limits. The maximum power dissipation can be calculated using the following Equation (6): TJ ( MAX ) TA JA (6) Where TJ(MAX) is the maximum operating junction temperature, TA is the ambient temperature, and θJA is the junction to ambient thermal resistance. The recommended maximum junction temperature, TJ(MAX), is 150°C and so maximum ambient temperature is determined by the junction to ambient thermal resistance, θJA. Therefore the maximum power dissipation at TA = 25°C is: PD ( MAX ) 150C 25C 0.46W 271C / W 0.3 0.2 0 -40 -25 (SOT23-5) Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 -10 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 80 95 110 Temperature (°C) 1 SOT89-5 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 -40 THERMAL CONSIDERATIONS PD ( MAX ) SOT23-5 0.4 0.1 Power Dissipation (W) Note that when driving loads of two or more LEDs, the forward drop will normally be sufficient to prevent the chip from switching below approximately 6V. This will minimize the risk of damage to the chip. (SOT89-5) 0.5 OPERATION AT LOW SUPPLY VOLTAGE The internal regulator disables the drive to the switch until the supply has risen above the startup threshold set internally which makes power MOSFET on-resistance small enough. Above this threshold, the chip will start to operate. However, with the supply voltage below the specified minimum value, the switch duty cycle will be high and the chip power dissipation will be at a maximum. Care should be taken to avoid operating the chip under such conditions in the application, in order to minimize the risk of exceeding the maximum allowed die temperature. (See next section on thermal considerations). 150C 25C 0.94W 132.6C / W The graph below gives details for power derating. Power Dissipation (W) reverse recovery time in silicon diodes will increase the peak voltage on the LX output. If a silicon diode is used, care should be taken to ensure that the total voltage appearing on the LX pin including supply ripple, does not exceed the specified maximum value. -25 -10 5 20 35 50 65 125 Temperature (°C) Figure 19 PD vs. TA It will also increase if the efficiency of the circuit is low. This may result from the use of unsuitable coils, or excessive parasitic output capacitance on the switch output. LAYOUT CONSIDERATIONS VIN Pin The GND of power supply usually have some distance to the chip GND pin, which cause parasitic resistance and inductance. It causes ground voltage bounce while the MOSFET is switching. Connect a 0.1µF capacitor C2 as close to device as possible to minimize the ground bounce. LX Pin The LX pin of the chip is a fast switching node, so PCB traces should be kept as short as possible. To minimize ground 'bounce', the ground pin of the chip should be soldered directly to the ground plane. 12 IS31LT3353 Coil And Decoupling Capacitor C 1 High Voltage Traces It is particularly important to mount the coil and the input decoupling capacitor close to the chip to minimize parasitic resistance and inductance, which will degrade efficiency. It is also important to take account of any trace resistance in series with current sense resistor RS. Avoid running any high voltage traces close to the ADJ pin, to reduce the risk of leakage due to board contamination. Any such leakage may affect the ADJ pin voltage and cause unexpectable output current. The IS31LT3353 has external protection circuitry to prevent excessive output current if ADJ voltage rises above 1.2V. A ground ring placed around the ADJ pin will minimize changes in output current under these conditions. ADJ Pin The ADJ pin is a high impedance input, so when left floating, PCB traces to this pin should be as short as possible to reduce noise pickup. ADJ pin can also be connected to a voltage between 1.2V~5V. In this case, the internal circuit will clamp the output current at the value which is set by VADJ=1.2V. Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 13 IS31LT3353 CLASSIFICATION REFLOW PROFILES Profile Feature Pb-Free Assembly Preheat & Soak Temperature min (Tsmin) Temperature max (Tsmax) Time (Tsmin to Tsmax) (ts) 150°C 200°C 60-120 seconds Average ramp-up rate (Tsmax to Tp) 3°C/second max. Liquidous temperature (TL) Time at liquidous (tL) 217°C 60-150 seconds Peak package body temperature (Tp)* Max 260°C Time (tp)** within 5°C of the specified classification temperature (Tc) Max 30 seconds Average ramp-down rate (Tp to Tsmax) 6°C/second max. Time 25°C to peak temperature Figure 20 8 minutes max. Classification Profile Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 14 IS31LT3353 PACKAGE INFORMATION SOT23-5 Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 15 IS31LT3353 SOT89-5 Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 16 IS31LT3353 RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN SOT23-5 Note: 1. Land pattern complies to IPC-7351. 2. All dimensions in MM. 3. This document (including dimensions, notes & specs) is a recommendation based on typical circuit board manufacturing parameters. Since land pattern design depends on many factors unknown (eg. user’s board manufacturing specs), user must determine suitability for use. Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 17 IS31LT3353 SOT89-5 Note: 1. Land pattern complies to IPC-7351. 2. All dimensions in MM. 3. This document (including dimensions, notes & specs) is a recommendation based on typical circuit board manufacturing parameters. Since land pattern design depends on many factors unknown (eg. user’s board manufacturing specs), user must determine suitability for use. Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 18 IS31LT3353 REVISION HISTORY Revision Detail Information Date A Initial release 2012.07.05 B 1. Add SOT89-5 package information 2. Add land pattern 2015.05.20 Integrated Silicon Solution, Inc. – www.issi.com Rev. B, 05/20/2015 19