IRAUDAMP4A 120 W x 2 Channel Class D Audio Power Amplifier Using IRS20957 and IRF6645 By Johan Strydom, Jun Honda, and Jorge Cerezo Table of Contents Page Introduction .......................................................................................... 1 Specifications ....................................................................................... 2 Functional Description.......................................................................... 4 Startup and Shutdown..........................................................................12 Protection .............................................................................................16 Typical Performance ............................................................................21 Design Documents ..............................................................................27 CAUTION: International Rectifier suggests the following guidelines for safe operation and handling of IRAUDAMP4A Demo Board; • Always wear safety glasses whenever operating Demo Board • Avoid personal contact with exposed metal surfaces when operating Demo Board • Turn off Demo Board when placing or removing measurement probes www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A Introduction The IRAUDAMP4A reference design is an example of a two-channel 120 W half-bridge Class D audio power amplifier. The reference design will demonstrate how to use the IRS20957, implement protection circuits, and design an optimum PCB layout using the IRF6645 DirectFET MOSFETs. The resulting design requires no heatsink for normal operation (one-eighth of continuous rated power). The reference design contains all the required housekeeping power supplies for ease of use. The two-channel design is scalable, for power and the number of channels. Applications AV receivers Home theater systems Mini component stereos Sub-woofers Features Output Power: 120 W x two channels, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) = 1%, 1 kHz Residual Noise: 52 µV, IHF-A weighted, AES-17 filter Distortion: 0.004% THD+N @ 60 W, 4 Ω Efficiency: 96% @ 120 W, 4 Ω, single-channel driven, Class D stage Multiple Protection Features: Over-current protection (OCP), Over-voltage protection (OVP), Under-voltage protection (UVP), DC-protection (DCP), Over-temperature protection (OTP) PWM Modulator: Self-oscillating half-bridge topology with optional clock synchronization www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 1 Specifications General Test Conditions (unless otherwise noted) Supply Voltage ±35 V Load Impedance 4Ω Self-Oscillating Frequency 400 kHz Gain Setting 26.8 dB Notes / Conditions No input signal 1 Vrms input yields rated power Electrical Data IR Devices Used Typical Notes / Conditions IRS20957 gate driver, IRF6645 DirectFET MOSFET Modulator Self-oscillating, second order sigma-delta modulation, analog input Power Supply Range ± 25 - 35 V Output Power CH1-2: (1% THD+N) 120 W 1 kHz Output Power CH1-2: (10% THD+N) 170 W 1 kHz Rated Load Impedance 4Ω Supply Current 100 mA No input signal Total Idle Power Consumption 7W No input signal Single-channel driven, Channel Efficiency 96% 120 W, Class D stage Audio Performance THD+N, 1 W THD+N, 10 W THD+N, 60 W Typical / Class D* 0.005% 0.002% 0.002% 0.001% 0.004% 0.003% Dynamic Range 113 dB 120 dB 70 µV 50 µV 170 95 dB 80 dB ±1 dB ±3 dB 40 µV 20 µV 2000 100 dB 85 dB Residual Noise, 20Hz - 20 kHz BW, A-Weighted Damping Factor Channel Separation Frequency Response : 20Hz-20 kHz : 20Hz-40 kHz Thermal Performance Idling 2ch x 15 W (1/8 rated power) 2ch x 120 W (rated power) Physical Specifications Dimensions Typical TC =30 °C TPCB=37 °C TC =54 °C TPCB=67 °C TC =80 °C TPCB=106 °C Notes / Conditions 1 kHz, Single-channel driven A-weighted, AES-17 filter, Single-channel operation Self-oscillating – 400 kHz Internal clock – 300 kHz 1 kHz, relative to 4 Ω load 100 Hz 10 kHz 1W, 4 Ω - 8 Ω Load Notes / Conditions No signal input, TA=25 °C Continuous, TA=25 °C At OTP shutdown @ 150 s, TA=25 °C 5.8 in (L) x 5.2 in (W) Note: Specifications are typical and not guaranteed *Class D refers to audio performance measurements of the Class D output power stage only, with preamp and output filter bypassed. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 2 Connection Diagram 35 V, 5 A DC supply 35 V, 5 A DC supply 250 W, Non-inductive Resistors 4Ω 4Ω G J3 CH1 Output J4 TP1 S1 CH2 Output J7 J9 TP2 LED Protection J6 CH1 Input J8 J5 CH2 Input Normal S2 S3 Volume R113 Audio Signal Generator Figure 1. Typical Test Setup Pin Description CH1 IN CH2 IN POWER CH1 OUT CH2 OUT EXT CLK DCP OUT J6 J5 J7 J3 J4 J8 J9 Analog input for CH1 Analog input for CH2 Positive and negative supply (+B / -B) Output for CH1 Output for CH2 External clock sync DC protection relay output Power-on and Power-off Procedure Always apply or remove ±35 V bus supplies at the same time. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 3 Functional Description Class D Operation Referring to CH1 as an example, the op-amp U1 forms a front-end second-order integrator with C11, C13 & R25 + R29P. This integrator receives a rectangular feedback waveform from the Class D switching stage and outputs a quadratic oscillatory waveform as a carrier signal. To create the modulated PWM signal, the input signal shifts the average value of this quadratic waveform (through gain relationship between R13 and R31 + R33) so that the duty varies according to the instantaneous value of the analog input signal. The IRS20957 input comparator processes the signal to create the required PWM signal. This PWM signal is internally level-shifted down to the negative supply rail where this signal is split into two signals, with opposite polarity and added deadtime, for high-side and low-side MOSFET gate signals, respectively. The IRS20957 drives two IRF6645 DirectFET MOSFETs in the power stage to provide the amplified PWM waveform. The amplified analog output is re-created by demodulating the amplified PWM. This is done by means of the LC low-pass filter (LPF) formed by L1 and C23, which filters out the Class D switching carrier signal. Feedback Daughter-board U1 Σ +B U1 Integrator PWM Modulator and Level Shifter GND LPF IRS20957S Gate Driver IRF6645 Direct-FET -B Figure 2. Simplified Block Diagram of Class D Amplifier Power Supplies The IRAUDAMP4A has all the necessary housekeeping power supplies onboard and only requires a pair of symmetric power supplies ranging from ±25 V to ±35 V (+B, GND, -B) for operation. The internally-generated housekeeping power supplies include a ±5 V supply for analog signal processing (preamp, etc.), while a +12 V supply (VCC), referenced to –B, is included to supply the Class D gate-driver stage. For the externally-applied power, a regulated power supply is preferable for performance measurements, but not always necessary. The bus capacitors, C31 and C32 on the motherboard, along with high-frequency bypass-caps C15-C18 on daughter board, address the high-frequency ripple current that result from switching action. In designs involving unregulated power supplies, the designer should place a set of bus capacitors, having enough capacitance to handle the audio-ripple current, externally. Overall regulation and output voltage ripple for the power supply design are not critical when using the IRAUDAMP4A Class D amplifier as the power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of the IRAUDAMP4A is excellent (Figure 3). www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 4 +0 -10 -20 -30 -40 d B -B -50 +B -60 -70 -80 -90 20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k 40k Hz Figure 3. Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) for Negative (-B) and Positive (+B) Supplies Bus Pumping Since the IRAUDAMP4A is a half-bridge configuration, bus pumping does occur. Under normal operation during the first half of the cycle, energy flows from one supply through the load and into the other supply, thus causing a voltage imbalance by pumping up the bus voltage of the receiving power supply. In the second half of the cycle, this condition is reversed, resulting in bus pumping of the other supply. These conditions worsen bus pumping: – Lower frequencies (bus-pumping duration is longer per half cycle) – Higher power output voltage and/or lower load impedance (more energy transfers between supplies) – Smaller bus capacitors (the same energy will cause a larger voltage increase) The IRAUDAMP4A has protection features that will shutdown the switching operation if the bus voltage becomes too high (>40 V) or too low (<20 V). One of the easiest countermeasures is to drive both of the channels out of phase so that one channel consumes the energy flow from the other and does not return it to the power supply. Bus voltage detection is only done on the –B supply as the effect of the bus pumping on the supplies is assumed to be symmetrical in amplitude (although opposite in phase). Input A proper input signal is an analog signal below 20 kHz, up to ±3.5 V peak, having a source impedance of less than 600 Ω. A 30 kHz to 60 kHz input signal can cause LC resonance in the output LPF, resulting in an abnormally large amount of reactive current flowing through the switching stage (especially at 8 Ω or higher impedance towards open load), causing OCP activation. The IRAUDAMP4A has an RC network, or Zobel network, to damp the resonance and protect the board in such event, but is not thermally rated to handle continuous supersonic frequencies. These supersonic input frequencies therefore should be avoided. Separate mono RCA connectors provide input to each of the two channels. Although both channels share a common ground, it is necessary to connect each channel separately to limit noise and crosstalk between channels. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 5 Output Both outputs for the IRAUDAMP4A are single-ended and therefore have terminals labeled (+) and (-) with the (-) terminal connected to power ground. Each channel is optimized for a 4 Ω speaker load for a maximum output power of 120 W, but is capable of operating with higher load impedances (at reduced power), at which point the frequency response will have a small peak at the corner frequency of the output LC low pass filter. The IRAUDAMP4A is stable with capacitive-loading; however, it should be realized that the frequency response degrades with heavy capacitive loading of more than 0.1 µF. Gain Setting / Volume Control The IRAUDAMP4A has an internal volume control (potentiometer R108 labeled, “VOLUME”) for gain adjustment. Gain settings for both channels are tracked and controlled by the volume control IC (U_2) setting the gain from the microcontroller IC (U_1). The maximum volume setting (clockwise rotation) corresponds to a total gain of +37.9 dB (78.8 V/V). The total gain is a product of the power-stage gain, which is constant (+23.2 dB), and the input-stage gain that is directly-controlled by the volume adjustment. The volume range is about 100 dB with minimum volume setting to mute the system with an overall gain of less than -60 dB. For best performance in testing, the internal volume control should be set to a gain of 21.9 V/V, or 1 Vrms input will result in rated output power (120 W into 4 Ω), allowing for a >11 dB overdrive. Output Filter Design, Preamplifier and Performance The audio performance of the IRAUDAMP4A depends on a number of different factors. The section entitled, “Typical Performance” presents performance measurements based on the overall system, including the preamp and output filter. While the preamp and output filter are not part of the Class D power stage, they have a significant effect on the overall performance. Output filter Since the output filter is not included in the control loop of the IRAUDAMP4A, the reference design cannot compensate for performance deterioration due to the output filter. Therefore, it is there important to understand what characteristics are preferable when designing the output filter: 1) The DC resistance of the inductor should me minimized to 20 mΩ or less. 2) The linearity of the output inductor and capacitor should be high with respect to load current and voltage. Preamplifier The preamp allows partial gain of the input signal, and in the IRAUDAMP4A, controls the volume. The preamp itself will add distortion and noise to the input signal, resulting in a gain through the Class D output stage and appearing at the output. Even a few microvolts of noise can add significantly to the output noise of the overall amplifier. In fact, the output noise from the preamp contributes more than half of the overall noise to the system. It is possible to evaluate the performance without the preamp and volume control, by moving resistors R13 and R14 to R71 and R72, respectively. This effectively bypasses the preamp and connects the RCA inputs directly to the Class D power stage input. Improving the selection of preamp and/or output filter, will improve the overall system www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 6 performance to approach that of the stand-alone Class D power stage. In the “Typical Performance” section, only limited data for the stand-alone Class D power stage is given. For example, results for THD+N vs. Output Power are provided, utilizing a range of different inductors. By changing the inductor and repeating this test, a designer can quickly evaluate a particular inductor. 100 TTTTTTT 10 1 % 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 W Figure 4. Results of THD+N vs. Output Power with Different Output Inductors Self-Oscillating PWM Modulator The IRAUDAMP4A Class D audio power amplifier features a self-oscillating type PWM modulator for the lowest component count and robust design. This topology represents an analog version of a second-order sigma-delta modulation having a Class D switching stage inside the loop. The benefit of the sigma-delta modulation, in comparison to the carrier-signal based modulation, is that all the error in the audible frequency range is shifted to the inaudible upper-frequency range by nature of its operation. Also, sigmadelta modulation allows a designer to apply a sufficient amount of correction. The self-oscillating frequency is determined by the total delay time inside the control loop of the system. The delay of the logic circuits, the IRS20957 gate-driver propagation delay, the IRF6645 switching speed, the time-constant of front-end integrator (e.g. R25 + R29P, C11 and C13 for CH1) and variations in the supply voltages are critical factors of the self-oscillating frequency. Under nominal conditions, the switching-frequency is around 400 kHz with no audio input signal and a +/-35 V supply. Adjustments of Self-Oscillating Frequency The PWM switching frequency in this type of self-oscillating switching scheme greatly impacts the audio performance, both in absolute frequency and frequency relative to the other channels. In absolute terms, at higher frequencies, distortion due to switching-time becomes significant, while at lower frequencies, the bandwidth of the amplifier suffers. In relative terms, interference between channels is most significant if the relative frequency difference is within the audible range. Normally when adjusting the self-oscillating www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 7 frequency of the different channels, it is best to either match the frequencies accurately, or have them separated by at least 25 kHz. With the installed components, it is possible to change the self-oscillating frequency from about 160 kHz up to 600 kHz. Potentiometers for adjusting self-oscillating frequency R29P Switching frequency for CH1* R30P Switching frequency for CH2* *Adjustments have to be done at an idling condition with no signal input. Switches and Indicators There are three different indicators on the reference design: – An orange LED, signifying a fault / shutdown condition when lit. – A green LED on the motherboard, signifying conditions are normal and no fault condition is present. – A green LED on the daughter board, signifying there is power. There are three switches on the reference design: – Switch S1 is a trip and reset push-button. Pushing this button has the same effect of a fault condition. The circuit will restart about three seconds after the shutdown button is released. – Switch S2 is an internal clock-sync frequency selector. This feature allows the designer to modify the switching frequency in order to avoid AM radio interference. With S3 is set to INT, the two settings “H” and “L” will modify the internal clock frequency by about 20 kHz to 40 kHz, either higher “H” or lower “L.” The actual internal frequency is set by potentiometer R113 - “INT FREQ.” – Switch S3 is an oscillator selector. This three-position switch is selectable for internal self-oscillator (middle position – “SELF”), or either internal (“INT”) or external (“EXT”) clock synchronization. Switching Frequency Lock / Synchronization Feature For single-channel operation, the use of the self-oscillating switching scheme will yield the best audio performance. The self-oscillating frequency, however, does change with the duty ratio. This varying frequency can interfere with AM radio broadcasts, where a constant-switching frequency with its harmonics shifted away from the AM carrier frequency, is preferred. In addition to AM broadcasts, multiple channels can also reduce audio performance at low power, and can lead to increased residual noise. Clock frequency locking/synchronization can address these unwanted characteristics. Please note that the switching frequency lock / synchronization feature is not possible for all frequencies and duty ratios, and operates within a limited frequency and duty-ratio range around the self-oscillating frequency (Figure 5). www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 8 600 Suggested clock frequency for maximum locking range Locking range Operating Frequency (kHz) 500 400 300 200 Self-oscillating frequency 100 0 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Duty Cycle Figure 5. Typical Lock Frequency Range vs. PWM Duty Ratio (Self-oscillating frequency set to 400 kHz with no input) As illustrated by the THD+N Ratio vs. Output Power results (Figure 6) , the noise levels increase slightly when all channels are driven (ACD) with the self oscillator, especially below the 5 W range. Residual noise typically increases by a third or more (see “Specifications – Audio Performance”) compared to a single-channel driven (SCD) configuration. Locking the oscillator frequency results in lowering the residual noise to that of a single-channel-driven system. The output power range, for which the frequencylocking is successful, depends on what the locking frequency is with respect to the selfoscillating frequency. As illustrated in Figure 6, the locking frequency is lowered (from 450 kHz to 400 kHz to 350 kHz and then 300 kHz) as the output power range (where locking is achieved) is extended. Once locking is lost, however, the audio performance degrades, but the increase in THD seems independent from the clock frequency. Therefore, a 300 kHz clock frequency is recommended. It is possible to improve the THD performance by increasing the corner frequency of the high pass filter (HPF) (R17 and C15 for Ch1) that is used to inject the clock signal. This drop in THD, however, comes at the cost of reducing the locking range. Resistor values of up to 100 kΩ and capacitor values down to 10 pF can be used. In the IRAUDAMP4A, this switching frequency lock/synchronization feature is achieved with either an internal or external clock input (selectable through S3). If an internal (INT) clock is selected, an internally-generated clock signal will be used, adjusted by setting potentiometer R113 “INT FREQ.” If external (EXT) clock signal is selected, a 0 V to 5 V square-wave (~50% duty ratio) logic signal must be applied to BNC connector J17. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 9 100 10 1 % 0.1 Self Osc. (ACD) Int. Clock @ 300 kHz Int. Clock @ 450 kHz 0.01 Self Osc. (Single Channel Driven) 0.001 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 Power (W) Figure 6. THD+N Ratio vs. Output Power for Different Switching Frequency Lock/Synchronization Conditions IRS20957 Gate Driver IC The IRAUDAMP4A uses the IRS20957, which is a high-voltage (up to 200 V), highspeed power MOSFET gate driver with internal deadtime and protection functions specifically designed for Class D audio amplifier applications. These functions include OCP and UVP. A bi-directional current protection feature that protects both the high-side and low-side MOSFETs are internal to the IRS20957, and the trip levels for both MOSFETs can be set independently. In this design, the deadtime can be selected for optimized performance, by minimizing deadtime while limiting shoot-through. As a result, there is no gate-timing adjustment on the board. Selectable deadtime through the DT pin voltage is an easy and reliable function which requires only two external resistors, R11 and R9. R11 R9 Figure 7. System-level View of Gate Driver IRS20957 www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 10 Selectable Deadtime The IRS20957 determines its deadtime based on the voltage applied to the DT pin. An internal comparator translates which pre-determined deadtime is being used by comparing the DT voltage with internal reference voltages. A resistive voltage divider from VCC sets threshold voltages for each setting, negating the need for a precise absolute voltage to set the mode. The threshold voltages between deadtime settings are set internally, based on different ratios of VCC as indicated in the diagram below. In order to avoid drift from the input bias current of the DT pin, a bias current of greater than 0.5 mA is suggested for the external resistor divider circuit. Suggested values of resistance that are used to set a deadtime are given below. Resistors with up to 5% tolerance can be used. Deadtime mode DT1 DT2 DT3 DT4 Deadtime ~15 ns ~25 ns ~35 ns ~45 ns R11 <10kΩ 5.6kΩ 8.2kΩ Open R9 Open 4.7kΩ 3.3kΩ <10kΩ DT Voltage VCC 0.46(VCC) 0.29(VCC) COM Default Figure 8. Deadtime Settings vs. VDT Voltage Over-Current Protection (OCP) In the IRAUDAMP4A, the IRS20957 gate driver accomplishes OCP internally, a feature discussed in greater detail in the “Protection” section. Offset Null (DC Offset) The IRAUDAMP4A is designed such that no output-offset nullification is required. DC offsets are tested to be less than ±5 mV. Bridged Output The IRAUDAMP4A is not intended for BTL operation. However, BTL operation can be achieved by feeding out-of-phase audio input signals to the two input channels. In BTL operation, minimum load impedance is 8 Ω and rated power is 240 W non-clipping. The installed clamping diodes D5 – D8 are required for BTL operation, since reactive energy flowing from one output to the other during clipping can force the output voltage beyond the voltage supply rails if not clamped. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 11 Startup and Shutdown One of the most important aspects of any audio amplifier is the startup and shutdown procedures. Typically, transients occurring during these intervals can result in audible pop- or click-noise on the output speaker. Traditionally, these transients have been kept away from the speaker through the use of a series relay that connects the speaker to the audio amplifier only after the startup transients have passed and disconnects the speaker prior to shutting down the amplifier. It is interesting to note that the audible noise of the relay opening and closing is not considered “click noise”, although in some cases, it can be louder than the click noise of non-relay-based solutions. The IRAUDAMP4A does not use any series relay to disconnect the speaker from the audible transient noise, but rather a shunt-based click noise reduction circuit that yields audible noise levels that are far less that those generated by the relays they replace. This results in a more reliable, superior performance system. For the startup and shutdown procedures, the activation (and deactivation) of the clicknoise reduction circuit, the Class D power stage and the audio input (mute) controls have to be sequenced correctly to achieve the required click noise reduction. The overall startup sequencing, shutdown sequencing and shunt circuit operation are described below. Click-Noise Reduction Circuit (Solid-State Shunt) To reduce the turn-on and turn-off click noise, a low impedance shunting circuit is used to minimize the voltage across the speaker during transients. For this purpose, the shunting circuit must include the following characteristics: 1) An impedance significantly lower than that of the speaker being shunted. In this case, the shunt impedance is ~100 mΩ, compared to the nominal 4 Ω speaker impedance. 2) When deactivated, the shunting circuit must be able to block voltage in both directions due to the bi-directional nature of the audio output. 3) The shunt circuit requires some form of OCP. If one of the Class D output MOSFETs fails, or is conducting when the speaker mute (SP MUTE) is activated, the shunting circuit will effectively try to short one of the two supplies (+/-B). The implemented click-noise reduction circuit is shown in Figure 9. Before startup or shutdown of the Class D power stage, the click-noise reduction circuit is activated through the SP MUTE control signal. With SP MUTE signal high, the speaker output is shorted through the back-to-back MOSFETs (U9 for Channel 1) with an equivalent on resistance of about 100 mΩ. The two transistors (U7 for Channel 1) are for the OCP circuit. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 12 +B Speaker Mute Click noise reduction circuit -B Transient current paths Over Current Protection Figure 9. Class D Output Stage with Click-Noise Reduction Circuit Startup and Shutdown Sequencing The IRAUDAMP4A sequencing is achieved through the charging and discharging of the CStart capacitor C117. This, coupled to the charging and discharging of the voltage of CSD (C3 on daughter board for CH1) of the IRS20957, is all that is required for complete sequencing. The conceptual startup and shutdown timing diagrams are show in Figure 10. CStart Ref1 CStart Ref2 +B CSD= 2/3VDD CSD CStart +5 V Time -5 V VCC UVP@-20 V -B CHx_O SP MUTE Audio MUTE Class D startup Music startup Figure 10. Conceptual Startup Sequencing of Power Supplies and Audio Section Timing www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 13 For startup sequencing, +/-B supplies startup at different intervals. As +/-B supplies reach +5 V and -5 V respectively, the analog supplies (+/-5 V) start charging and, once +B reaches ~16 V, VCC charges. Once –B reaches -20 V, the UVP is released and CSD and CStart start charging. Once +/-5 V is established, the click-noise reduction circuit is activated through the SP MUTE control signal. As CSD reaches two-thirds VDD, the Class D stage starts oscillating. Once the startup transient has passed, SP MUTE is released (CStart reaches Ref1). The Class D amplifier is now operational, but the preamp output remains muted until CStart reaches Ref2. At this point, normal operation begins. The entire process takes less than three seconds. +B CStart Ref2 CStart Ref1 CSD= 2/3VDD CSD CStart +5 V Time -5 V VCC -B UVP@-20 V CHx_O SP MUTE Audio MUTE Class D shutdown Music shutdown Figure 11. Conceptual Shutdown Sequencing of Power Supplies and Audio Section Timing Shutdown sequencing is initiated once UVP is activated. As long as the supplies do not discharge too quickly, the shutdown sequence can be completed before the IRS20957 trips UVP. Once UVP is activated, CSD and CStart are discharged at different rates. In this case, threshold Ref2 is reached first and the preamp audio output is muted. Once CStart reaches threshold Ref1, the click-noise reduction circuit is activated (SP MUTE). It is then possible to shutdown the Class D stage (CSD reaches two-thirds VDD). This process takes less than 200 ms. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 14 For any external fault condition (OTP, OVP, UVP or DCP – see “Protection”) that does not lead to power supply shutdown, the system will trip in a similar manner as described above. Once the fault is cleared, the system will reset (similar sequence as startup). CStart Ref2 CStart Ref1 CStart Ref1 CStart Ref2 CSD= 2/3VDD CSD CStart Time External trip Reset CHx_O SP MUTE Audio MUTE Music shutdown Class D shutdown Class D startup Music startup Figure 12. Conceptual Click Noise Reduction Sequencing at Trip and Reset www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 15 Protection The IRAUDAMP4A has a number of protection circuits to safeguard the system and speaker during operation, which fall into one of two categories, internal faults and external faults, and distinguished by the manner in which a fault condition is treated. Internal faults are only relevant to the particular channel, while external faults affect the whole board. For internal faults, only the offending channel is stopped. The channel will hiccup until the fault is cleared. For external faults, the whole board is stopped using the shutdown sequencing described earlier. Here, the system will also hiccup until the fault is cleared at which time it will restart according to the startup sequencing described earlier. Figure 13. Functional Block Diagram of Protection Circuit Implementation Internal Faults OCP and OTP are considered internal faults. These internal faults will only shutdown the particular channel by pulling low the relevant CSD pin. The channel will shutdown for about one-half a second and will hiccup until the fault is cleared. Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) A separate PTC resistor is placed in close proximity to the high-side IRF6645 DirectFET MOSFET for each of the amplifier channels. If the resistor temperature rises above 100 °C, the OTP is activated. The OTP protection will only shutdown the relevant channel by pulling low the CSD pin and will recover once the temperature at the PTC has dropped sufficiently. This temperature protection limit yields a PCB temperature at the MOSFET of about 100 °C. This setting is limited by the PCB material and not by the operating range of the MOSFET. Over-Current Protection (OCP) The OCP internal to the IRS20957 shuts down the IC if an OCP is sensed in either of the output MOSFETs. For a complete description of the OCP circuitry, please refer to the IRS20957 datasheet. Here is a brief description: www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 16 Low-Side Current Sensing The low-side MOSFET is protected from an overload condition and will shutdown the switching operation if the load current exceeds a preset trip level. The low-side current sensing is based on measurement of MOSFET drain-to-source voltage during the lowside MOSFET on state. The voltage set on the OCSET pin programs the threshold for low-side over-current sensing. Thus, if the VS voltage (during low-side conduction) is higher than the OCSET voltage, the IRS20957 will trip. It is recommended to use VREF to supply a reference voltage to a resistive divider (R5 and R7 for CH1) generating a voltage to OCSET for better variability against VCC fluctuations. For IRAUDAMP4A, the low-side over-current trip level is set to 0.65 V. For the IRF6645 DirectFET MOSFETs with a nominal RDS-ON of 28 mΩ at 25 °C, this results in a ~23 A maximum trip level. Since the RDS-ON is a function of temperature, the trip level is reduced to ~15 A at 100 °C. Figure 14. Simplified Functional Block Diagram of Low-Side Current Sensing (CH1) High-Side Current Sensing The high-side MOSFET is protected from an overload condition and will shutdown the switching operation if the load current exceeds a preset trip level. High-side over-current sensing monitors detect an overload condition by measuring drain-to-source voltage (VDS) through the CSH and VS pins. The CSH pin detects the drain voltage with reference to the VS pin, which is the source of the high-side MOSFET. In contrast to the low-side current sensing, the threshold of CSH pin to engage OC protection is internally fixed at 1.2 V. An external resistive divider R23 and R25 (for Ch1) can be used to program a higher threshold. An additional external reverse blocking diode (D5 for Ch1) is required to block high-voltage feeding into the CSH pin during low-side conduction. By subtracting a forward voltage drop of 0.6 V at D5, the minimum threshold which can be set in the high-side is 0.6 V across the drain-to-source. For IRAUDAMP4A, the high-side over-current trip level is set to 0.6 V across the high-side MOSFET. For the IRF6645 MOSFETs with a nominal RDS-ON of 28 mΩ at 25 °C, this results in a ~21 A maximum trip level. Since the RDS-ON is a function of temperature, the trip level is reduced to ~14 A at 100 °C. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 17 Figure 15. Simplified Functional Block Diagram of High-Side Current Sensing (CH1) For a complete description of calculating and designing the over-current trip limits, please refer to the IRS20957 datasheet. External Faults OVP, UVP and DCP are considered external faults. In the event that any external fault condition is detected, the shutdown circuit will activate for about three seconds, during which time the orange “Protection” LED will turn on. If the fault condition has not cleared, the protection circuit will hiccup until fault is removed. Once the fault is cleared, the green “Normal” LED will turn on. There is no manual reset option. Over-Voltage Protection (OVP) OVP will shutdown the amplifier if the bus voltage between GND and -B exceeds 40 V. The threshold is determined by the voltages sum of the Zener diode Z105, R140, and VBE of Q109. As a result, it protects the board from bus pumping at very low audio signal frequencies by shutting down the amplifier. OVP will automatically reset after three seconds. Since the +B and –B supplies are assumed to be symmetrical (bus pumping, although asymmetrical in time, will pump the bus symmetrically in voltage level). It is sufficient to sense one of the two supply voltages only for OVP. It is therefore up to the user to ensure that the power supplies are symmetrical. www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 18 Under-Voltage Protection (UVP) UVP will shutdown the amplifier if the bus voltage between GND and -B falls below 20 V. The threshold is determined by the voltages sum of the Zener diode Z107, R145 and VBE of Q110. Same as OVP, UVP will automatically reset after three seconds and only one of the two supply voltages is monitored. Speaker DC-Voltage Protection (DCP) DCP is provided to protect against DC current flowing into the speakers. This abnormal condition is rare and is likely caused when the power amplifier fails and one of the highside or low-side IRF6645 DirectFET MOSFETs remain in the ON state. DCP is activated if either of the outputs has more than ±4 V DC offset (typical). Under this fault condition, it is normally required to shutdown the feeding power supplies. Since these are external to the reference design board, an isolated relay is provided (P1) for further systematic evaluation of DC-voltage protection to transmit this condition to the power supply controller and is accessible through connector J9 (pins of J9 are shorted during fault condition). www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 19 Thermal Considerations The daughter board design can handle one-eighth of the continuous rated power, which is generally considered to be a normal operating condition for safety standards. Without the addition of a heatsink or forced air-cooling, the daughter board cannot handle continuous rated power. 100.0% 90.0% Power Stage Efficiency (%) 80.0% 70.0% 60.0% 50.0% 40.0% 30.0% 20.0% 10.0% 0.0% 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Output Power (W) Figure 16. Efficiency FV. Output Power, 4 Ω Single Channel Driven, ±B supply = ±35 V, 1 kHz Audio Signal 67°°C 54°°C Figure 17. Thermal image of Daughter Board Two-Channel x 1/8th Rated Power (15 W) in Operation, TC = 54 °C at Steady State ±B supply = ±35 V, 4 Ω Load, 1 kHz audio signal, TA = 25 °C www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 20 Typical Performance ±B supply = ± 35 V, load impedance = 4 Ω, 1 kHz audio signal, Self oscillator @ 400 kHz and internal volume-control set to give required output with 1 Vrms input signal, unless otherwise noted. +4 +2 8Ω +0 d B 4Ω -2 r -4 A -6 -8 -10 20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k 50k 200k Hz Green Red CH1 - 4 Ω, 2 V Output CH1 - 8 Ω, 2 V Output Figure 18. Frequency Characteristics vs. Load Impedance +0 -20 -40 d -60 B -80 Int. Self -100 -120 20 50 Red Green 100 200 500 Hz 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k CH2 – CH1, 60 W, Self Oscillator @ 400 kHz CH2 – CH1, 60 W, Internal Clock @ 300 kHz Figure 19. Channel Separation vs. Frequency www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 21 +0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 d -60 B -70 -80 Int. -90 -100 Self -110 -120 20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k Hz Red Green CH2 – CH1, 60 W, Self Oscillator @ 400 kHz CH2 – CH1, 60 W, Internal Clock @ 300 kHz Figure 20. Stand-alone Class D Power Stage: Channel Separation vs. Frequency 100 50 10 1 % 0.1 0.01 0.001 0.0001 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 W Green Red CH1 - ACD, ±B = ± 35 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V – AUX-25 filter rd CH1 - ACD, ±B = ± 35 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V – 3 order RC filter Figure 21. Stand-alone Class D Power Stage: THD+N Ratio vs. Output Power www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 22 100 T ±30 V 10 ±25 V 1 % ±35 V 0.1 0.01 0.001 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 W Green Blue Red CH1, ±B = ±35 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V CH1, ±B = ±30 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V CH1, ±B = ±25 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V Figure 22. THD+N Ratio vs. Output Power 100 50 ±30 V 10 5 ±25 V 1 0.5 % 0.2 ±35 V 0.1 0.02 0.01 0.002 0.001 100m 200m 500m 1 2 5 10 20 50 100 200 W Green Blue Red CH1 - ACD, ±B = ±35 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V CH1 - ACD, ±B = ±30 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V CH1 - ACD, ±B = ±25 V, Volume gain 21.9 V/V Figure 23. THD+N Ratio vs. Output Power (ACD) www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 23 100 10 1 100 W 0.1 % 0.01 1W 10 W 0.001 0.0001 20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k Hz Green Blue Red CH1, 1 W Output CH1, 10 W Output CH1, 100 W Output Figure 24. THD+N Ratio vs. Frequency 100 10 1 % 100 W 0.1 0.01 1W 10 W 0.001 0.0001 20 50 100 Green Yellow Red 200 500 Hz 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k CH1 - ACD, 1 W Output CH1 - ACD, 10 W Output CH1 - ACD, 100 W Output Figure 25. THD+N Ratio vs. Frequency (ACD) www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 24 +0 -20 -40 d -60 B V -80 Self Int. -100 -120 -140 10 20 50 Green Red 100 200 500 Hz 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k CH1 - ACD, 1 V, 1 kHz, Self Oscillator @ 400 kHz CH1 - ACD, 1 V, 1 kHz, Internal Clock @ 300 kHz Figure 26. Frequency Spectrum (ACD) +0 -20 -40 d -60 B V -80 Self -100 Int. -120 -140 10 20 50 100 200 500 1k 2k 5k 10k 20k Hz Green Red CH1 - ACD, No signal, Self Oscillator @ 400 kHz CH1 - ACD, No signal, Internal Clock @ 300 kHz Figure 27. Residual Noise (ACD) www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 25 Red Trace: Total Distortion + Noise Voltage Green Trace: Output Voltage 60 W / 4 Ω, 1 kHz, THD+N=0.004% 174 W / 4 Ω, 1 kHz, THD+N=10% Figure 28. Measured Output and Distortion Waveforms CSD pin CSD pin VS pin VS pin Load current Load current Figure 29. Typical OCP Waveforms Showing Load Current and Switch Node Voltage (VS) CSD pin CSD pin VS pin VS pin Load current Load current Figure 30. Typical OCP Waveforms Showing CSD Trip and Hiccup www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 26 IRAUDAMP4A Design Documents Motherboard Schematics: +B I E S SW 10K S2 +5V R142 68k D106 1N4148 1 2 47k D105 R138 OT R112 820R 1N4148 D107 C117 1N4148 100uF, 16V VCC 1Y 6A 2A 6Y 2Y 5A 3A 5Y 3Y 4A GND 4Y DCP R145 47K R144 UVP 10k Q109 Q110 MMBT5551 R141 47k MMBT5551 U_3 1A R146 47K Q103 R113 -B 5K POT R116 47R R114 100R 10uF, 50V Z108 8.2V C114 74HC14 10nF, 50V CLK +5V J8 BNC A24497 R115 47R R126 100K MMBT5401 R118 1k EXT. CLK R125 10K Q106 R135 82k R134 10k Q108 CLK OVP +B C115 S E I SW-3WAY_A-B S3B SW R136 68k Q105 NORMAL MMBT5551 R137 MMBT5551 R119 R130 47K 47k DC protection 1k PROTECTION DCP D104 1N4148 MUTE R117 MUTE R131 47K -5V R128 6.8k R124 10k Q104 47R R151 47k HS1 +B Z109 8.2V +B R129 6.8k R133 47k Q112 MMBT5551 Earth -B -5V +5V MMBT5551 R107 4.7K P1 1 2 3 6 5 4 J9 2 1 Z103 15V ED1567 PVT412 R132 47k Z102 4.7V Z101 4.7V R127 6.8k R152 OPEN Q107 -B DC_PS MMBT5401 47k HEAT SINK 294-1086-ND R106 47K Q102 -B +5V U_4 MC78M05 C101 10uF, 50V R104 47R, 1W Vout D101 MA2YD2300 C102 10uF, 50V C107 4.7uF, 16V -5V U_5 MC79M05 IN GND Vin +5V +5V C103 10uF, 50V 8 -5V R108 CT2265 OUT GND R102 47R, 1W R105 R103 47R, 1W D102 MA2YD2300 C104 10uF, 50V 7 6 C108 10nF, 50V 5 10R C109 4.7uF, 16V U_2 VSS VDD VR0 CS VR1 SDATA CLK SIMUL 1 2 CS 3 SDATAI MMBT5401 VCC VCC U_6 MC78M12 Vout CS SDATAI 4 SCLK C105 SCLK FX941 Vin C106 10uF, 50V 3310S06S Q101 GND R101 47R, 1W R121 47k R123 1K R150 +B R122 47k C116 100uF, 16V GND +B S1 C119 SW-PB 0.1uF, 50V CH2 O 100pF, 50V CH1 O C113 MMBT5551 Z107 18V R149 47K Z105 39V OT R148 10k R120 100R R111 10K 100k +5V 4.7k CStart SP MUTE 1N4148 R110 C112 1200pF, 50V 100pF, 50V C111 R140 10k R139 Z106 18V SW_H-L D103 C110 R147 47k Q111 MMBT5401 R109 1K 1nF, 50V SD R143 SW-3WAY_A-B S3A Z104 24V 10uF, 50V -B IRAUDAMP VER.4 - POWER SUPPLY AND PROTECTION Figure 31. Housekeeping and Protection Circuits www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 27 R33 47K C23 +5V C11 R25 C7 3.3uF, 50V U1 TLC081 0.47uF, 630V C23_1 OPEN 100R C13 1nF, 200V MURA120T3OSCT-ND D5 C25 R39 470R R29P 1K C27 R49 2.2k 0.1uF, 400V 10, 1W J3 CH1 OUT D7 R47 OPEN 1nF, 200V R21 4.7R C15 33pF 1K R29 +5V CH1 O R31 R19 0R D1 1N4148 L1 22uH 150pF, 500V CH1 IN R17 22k +B C17 R55 OPEN C5 10uF, 50V OPEN 1 2 U9 -B MURA120T3OSCT-ND C19 2.2uF, 16V Z1 3 4 6 5 R35 1K 15V R51 C29 IRF7341 C9 3.3uF, 50V R23 R53 47K 1 2 8 7 R37 1K D3 1N4148 SP Mute D11 1N4148 277-1022 100K U7 U3 -5V 4.7R 1 74AHC1G04 CLK R27 OPEN 5 4 47R J5 1418-ND CLK 3 2 XN01215 R71 J1 U_1 SDATAI 47R CS R8 47R SDATAI R9 +B AGNDL R14 C2 3.3K 2.2uF, 50V SDATAI AOUTL 10R +5V C1 10uF, 50V VD+ +B R5 C31 1000uF,50V -5V 4.7R 4.7R DGRD VA+ SCLK AOUTR +5V 3.3K 47R C3 2.2uF, 50V R6 +5V 3 2 1 SDATAOAGNDR MUTE 47R R60 AINR R57 100K C34 OPEN C32 1000uF,50V J7 R11 MUTE C33 OPEN -5V VAR13 R10 SCLK AINL CH2 O R7 CS CS VSS R58 100K CH1 O ZCEN OT -B -B Earth 277-1272 R4 100R CS3310 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 CH2 O CH2 O CH2O CH2 O -B -B -B -B CH1 O CH1 O CH1 O CH1 O +B +B +B GND PWM1 IN1 GND1 VAA PWM2 VSS GND2 VCC SD J2 R63 IN2 1 OT 2 -5V 3 4 5 6 +5V 7 8 -5V 9 10 11 SP Mute VCC SD OPEN R3 100R D12 1N4148 SD 12 U10 R54 47K R72 OPEN OPEN OPEN R61 R64 OPEN C41 J6 1418-ND C18 R56 OPEN C6 10uF, 50V OPEN R65 R18 22k R32 C45 OPEN OPEN R66 OPEN C46 R20 0R R22 4.7R C16 33pF 1nF, 200V C8 3.3uF, 50V R68 OPEN R67 R69 100R 0.47uF,630V Z2 D6 C26 R30P 10, 1W C20 2.2uF, 16V R26 C14 1K J4 CH2 OUT D8 R50 2.2k -B MURA120T3OSCT-ND 0.1uF, 400V 3 4 6 5 MURA120T3OSCT-ND R48 R40 470R C28 OPEN 1 2 15V R52 IRF7341 C30 U8 277-1022 100K OPEN 1 5 4 3 2 XN01215 R38 1K R36 D4 1N4148 1K R24 C10 3.3uF, 50V -5V 4.7R R28 OPEN C24_1 OPEN OPEN 1nF, 200V C48 OPEN C24 +5V R30 U2 TLC081 D2 1N4148 1K +5V C12 OPEN R34 47K OPEN C42 +B L2 22uH 150pF, 500V CH2 IN C44 R62 1 2 8 7 R2 100K OPEN OPEN OPEN CON EISA31 OPEN C43 CH2 O OPEN C40 SP MUTE R1 100K GND CLK OPEN C47 C49 OPEN OPEN U4 74AHC1G04 47R IRAUDAMP VER.4 - PREAMP AND POWER STAGE Figure 32. Audio Channels 1 and 2 www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 28 Daughter Board Schematics: Figure 33. Daughter Board Schematic with Class D Stage for Two Audio Channels www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 29 IRAUDAMP4A Bill of Materials Motherboard: IRAUDAMP4A MOTHERBOARD BILL OF MATERIAL NO 23 24 25 26 27 Designator C1, C5, C6, C101, C102, C103, C104, C105, C106, C115 C2, C3 C7, C8, C9, C10 C11, C12, C13, C14 C15, C16 C17, C18 C19, C20 C119 C23, C24 C23_1, C24_1 C25, C26 C27, C28, C29, C30, C40, C41, C42, C43, C44, C45, C46, C47 R29, R30, R55, R56, R60, R61, R62, R63, R64, R65, R66, R67, R71, R72 C31, C32 C33, C34, C48, C49 C107, C109 C108, C114 C110 C111, C113 C112 C116, C117 D1, D2, D3, D4, D11, D12, D103, D104, D105, D106, D107 D5, D6, D7, D8 D101, D102 HS1 J1A, J1B J2A, J2B 28 J3, J4 2 MKDS5/2-9.5 277-1022 277-1271-ND or 6511714971 29 J5, J6 2 cp1418 1418-ND CP-1418-ND 30 J7 1 J HEADER3 277-1272 277-1272-ND or 6511714984 31 32 J8 J9 1 1 BNC_RA CON ED1567 BNC ED1567 A32248-ND ED1567 33 L1, L2 2 Inductor 22uH 'Sagami 7G17A-220MR or IN09063 34 35 36 37 38 NORMAL P1 PROTECTION Q101 Q102, Q104, Q106, Q111 Q103, Q105, Q107, Q108, Q109, Q110, Q112 R1, R2, R51, R52, R57, R58, R110, R126 R3, R4, R114 R5, R6 R7, R8, R10, R11, R27, R28, R115, R116, R117 R9, R105 R13, R14 R17, R18 R53, R54, R106, R121, R122, R130, R131, R132, R133, R137, R139, R141, R145, R146, R147, R149, R150, R151 R152 R19, R20 R39, R40 R21, R22, R23, R24 1 1 1 1 4 Led rb2/5 DIP-6 Led rb2/5 SOT89 SOT23-BCE 404-1106-ND PVT412 404-1109-ND FX941 MMBT5401 160-1143-ND PVT412-ND 160-1140-ND FCX491CT-ND MMBT5401DICT-ND 7 SOT23-BCE MMBT5551 MMBT5551-7DICT-ND 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 www.irf.com # Footprint PartType Part No Vender 10 RB2/5 10uF, 50V 565-1106-ND Digikey 2 4 4 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 4 2 4 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 4 2 1 2 2 RB2/5 CR3225-1210 1206 805 AXIAL0.19R 1206 1206 CAP MKP AXIAL0.2R CAP MKPs 2.2uF, 50V 3.3uF, 50V 1nF, 200V 33pF 150pF, 500V 2.2uF, 16V 0.1uF, 50V 0.47uF, 630V OPEN 0.1uF, 400V 565-1103-ND 445-1432-1-ND PCC2009CT-ND 478-1281-1-ND 338-1052-ND PCC1931CT-ND PCC104BCT-ND 495-1315-ND 495-1311-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey 805 OPEN - Digikey 805 OPEN - Digikey RB5/12_5 AXIAL0.1R 805 805 805 805 805 rb2/5 1000uF,50V OPEN 4.7uF, 16V 10nF, 50V 1nF, 50V 100pF, 50V 1200pF, 50V 100uF, 16V 565-1114-ND PCC2323CT-ND PCC103BNCT-ND PCC102CGCT-ND PCC101CGCT-ND 478-1372-1-ND 565-1037-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey SOD-123 1N4148 1N4148WDICT-ND Digikey SMA SOD-123 Heat_S6in1 CON EISA-31 CON_POWER MURA120 MA2YD2300 HEAT SINK CON EISA31 CON_POWER MURA120T3OSCT-ND MA2YD2300LCT-ND 294-1086-ND A26453-ND A26454-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey or Mouser Digikey Digikey or Mouser Digikey Digikey 'Inductor s, Inc. or ICE Compon ents, Inc. Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey 8 805 100K P100KACT-ND Digikey 3 2 805 1206 100R 4.7R P100ACT-ND P4.7ECT-ND Digikey Digikey 9 805 47R P47ACT-ND Digikey 2 2 2 805 805 805 10R 3.3K, 1% 22k P10ACT-ND P3.3KZCT-ND P22KACT-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey 1 8 805 47k P47KACT-ND Digikey 1 2 2 4 805 805 805 805 OPEN 0R 470R 4.7R P0.0ACT-ND P470ACT-ND P4.7ACT-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey IRAUDAMP4A 30 52 53 54 55 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 R25, R26, R120 R29P, R30P R31, R32 R33, R34 R35, R36, R37, R38, R109, R118, R119, R123 R47, R48 R49, R50 R68, R69 R101, R102, R103, R104 R107, R138 R108 R111, R124, R125, R134, R140, R143, R144, R148 R112 R113 R127, R128, R129 R135 R136, R142 S1 S2 S3 U1, U2 U3, U4 U7, U8 U9, U10 U_1 77 U_2 1 N8A 3310S06S 3310-IR01 78 79 80 81 82 U_3 U_4 U_5 U_6 Z1, Z2, Z103 1 1 1 1 3 M14A TO-220 Fullpak TO-220 Fullpak TO-220 Fullpak SOD-123 74HC14 MC78M05 MC79M05 MC78M12 15V 83 Z101, Z102 2 SMA 4.7V 84 Z104 1 SOD-123 24V 85 Z105 1 SOD-123 39V 86 87 88 Z106, Z107 Z108, Z109 Volume Knob Thermalloy TO-220 mounting kit with screw 1/2" Standoffs 4-40 4-40 Nut No. 4 Lock Washer 2 2 1 SOD-123 SOD-123 18V 8.2V 296-1194-1-ND MC78M05BTOS-ND MC79M05CTOS-ND MC78M12CTOS-ND BZT52C15-FDICT-ND 1SMA5917BT3GOSCTND BZT52C24-FDICT-ND BZT52C39-13-FDICTND BZT52C18-FDICT-ND BZT52C8V2-FDICT-ND MCCPMB1 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 89 90 91 92 3 2 2 2 1206 POT_SRM 2512 1206 100R 1K 47K, 1% 1K P100ECT-ND 3361P-102GCT-ND PT47KAFCT-ND P1.0KECT-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey 8 805 1K P1.0KACT-ND Digikey 2 2 2 4 2 1 2512 1206 AXIAL-0.3 2512 805 V_Control 10, 1W 2.2k OPEN 47R, 1W 4.7K CT2265 PT10XCT P2.2KECT-ND PT47XCT-ND P4.7KACT-ND CT2265-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey 8 805 10K P10KACT-ND 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 805 POTs 1206 805 805 Switch SW-EG1908-ND SW-EG1944-ND SO-8 SOT25 MINI5 SO-8 SOIC16 820R 5K POT 6.8k 82k 68k SW-PB SW_H-L SW-3WAY TLC081 74AHC1G04 XN01215 IRF7341 CS3310 P820ACT-ND 3362H-502-ND P6.8KECT-ND P82KACT-ND P68KACT-ND P8010S-ND EG1908-ND EG1944-ND 296-7264-1-ND 296-1089-1-ND XN0121500LCT-ND IRF7341 73C8016 or 72J5420 3 5 5 5 100 per bag 100 per bag Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey IR Newark *Tachyon ix Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Newark 46F4081 Newark 8401K-ND H724-ND H729-ND Digikey Digikey Digikey *Tachyonix Corporation, 14 Gonaka Jimokuji Jimokuji-cho, Ama-gun Aichi, JAPAN 490-1111 http://www.tachyonix.co.jp [email protected] www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 31 Voltage regulator mounting: Item Description 7 8 1 Insulator Thermalfilm 2 Shoulder Washer 3 Flat Washer #4 4 No. 4-40 UNC-2B Hex Nut 5 No. 4-40 UNC-2A X 1/2 Long Phillips Pan Head Screw 6 Lockwasher, No.4 7 Heatsink 8 PCB Daughter Board: IRAUDAMP4A DAUTHER-BOARD BILL OF MATERIAL NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Designator C1, C2, C9, C10 C3, C4 C5, C6 C7, C8 C11, C12 C13, C14 C15, C16, C17, C18 C21, C22, C23, C24 D1, D2 D3, D4 D5, D6 D7 D8, D9 DS1 J1 J2 Q1, Q2 # 4 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 18 Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6 4 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 Q7, Q8 R1, R2 R3, R4, R25, R26 R5, R6, R9, R10 R7, R8 R11, R12 R13, R14 R15, R16, R27, R28, R29, R30 R19, R20 R21, R22, R41, R42 R23, R24 R31, R32 R33, R34 R35, R36, R37, R38, R39, R40 R43 Rp1, Rp2 U1, U2 2 2 4 4 2 2 2 6 2 4 2 2 2 6 1 2 2 www.irf.com Footprint 1206 T491 0805 1812 0805 0805 1206 0805 SOD-123 SMA SOD-123 SMB SOD-123 LED CON EISA-31 CON_POWER SOT23-BCE DirectFET MOSFET6645 SOT23-BCE 0805 1206 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 0805 M16A Part Type 2.2 µF, 25 V 10 µF, 16 V OPEN 22 µF, 25 V 47 pF 0.1 µF 0.1 µF,100 V 47 nF 1N4148 MURA120T3OSCT-ND BAV19WDICT-ND S1DB-FDICT-ND MA2YD2300 160-1414-1-ND CON EISA31 CON_POWER MMBT5401 445-1607-1-ND PCC470CGCT-ND PCC1840CT-ND PCC2239CT-ND PCC1836CT-ND 1N4148WDICT-ND MURA120T3OSCT-ND BAV19W-FDICT-ND RS1DB-FDICT-ND MA2YD2300LCT-ND 160-1414-1-ND 2011-03-ND 2011-04-ND MMBT5401DICT-ND IRF6645 IRF6645 MMBT3904 100 Ω 10 kΩ 8.2 kΩ 1.2 kΩ 3.3 kΩ 4.7 Ω 10 Ω 33 kΩ 10 kΩ 0Ω 1Ω 1 kΩ 100 kΩ 4.7 kΩ 100 C IRS20957SPBF MMBT3904-FDICT-ND P100ACT-ND P10KECT-ND P8.2KACT-ND P1.2KACT-ND P3.3KACT-ND P4.7ACT-ND P10ACT-ND P33KACT-ND P10KACT-ND P0.0ACT-ND P1.0ACT-ND P1.0KACT-ND P100KACT-ND P4.7KACT-ND 594-2322-675-21007 IRS20957SPBF IRAUDAMP4A Part No 490-3368-1-ND 399-3706-1-ND Vendor Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey IR Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Digikey Mouser IR 32 IRAUDAMP4A PCB Specifications Figure 34. Motherboard and Daughter Board Layer Stack Motherboard: Material: FR4, UL 125 °C Layer stack: 2 layers, 1 oz. Cu Dimensions: 5.2 in x 5.8 in x 0.062 in Solder mask: LPI solder mask, SMOBC on top and bottom layers Plating: Open copper solder finish Silkscreen: On top and bottom layers Daughter board: Material: FR4, UL 125 °C Layer stack: 2 Layers, 1 oz. Cu each, through-hole plated Dimensions: 3.125 in x 1.52 in x 0.062 in Solder mask: LPI solder mask, SMOBC on top and bottom layers Plating: Open copper solder finish Silkscreen: On top and bottom layers www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 33 IRAUDAMP4A PCB Layers Motherboard: Figure 35. Top Layer and Pads www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 34 4.0 Figure 36. Top-Side Solder-Mask and Silkscreen www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 35 Figure 37. Bottom Layer and Pads www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 36 Figure 38. Bottom-Side Solder-Mask and Silkscreen www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 37 Daughter Board: Figure 39. PCB Layout – Top Layer and Pads Figure 40. PCB Layout – Top-Side Solder-Mask and Silkscreen www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 38 Figure 41. PCB Layout – Bottom Layer and Pads Figure 42. PCB Layout – Bottom-Side Solder-Mask and Silkscreen www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 39 IRAUDAMP4A Mechanical Construction Motherboard Figure 43. Top Side of Motherboard Showing Component Locations www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 40 Figure 44. Bottom Side of Motherboard Showing Component Locations www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 41 Daughter Board Figure 45. Top Side Showing Component Locations Figure 46. Bottom Side Showing Connector Locations 12/04/2009 www.irf.com IRAUDAMP4A 42 Date www.irf.com Done by REVISIONS HISTORY Description IRAUDAMP4A 43