10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User`s Guide

ispLever
CORE
TM
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core
User’s Guide
April 2004
ipug15_02
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Introduction
Lattice’s 10GbE XGXS core provides an ideal solution that meets the need of today’s LAN/WAN applications. The
10GbE XGXS core provides a solution for bridging between 10 Gigabit Media Independent Interface (XGMII) and
10 Gigabit Attachment Unit Interface (XAUI) devices. This core allows designers to focus on the application rather
than the XGXS core, resulting in faster time to market.
Lattice’s 10GbE XGXS core is a fully synchronous core developed in conjunction with the Lattice ORCA®
ORT82G5 FPSC to provide a full solution. For more information on these and other Lattice products, refer to the
Lattice web site at www.latticesemi.com.
This user’s guide explains the functionality of the 10GbE XGXS core and how it can be implemented to provide a
full XGMII-XAUI bridging solution. It also explains how to achieve the maximum level of performance.
The 10GbE XGXS core comes with the documentation and the files listed below:
• Data sheet
• Lattice gate level netlist
• RTL simulation model for evaluation
• Core instantiation template
Features
• Complete 10Gb Ethernet Extended Sublayer (XGXS) solution based on the ORCA ORT82G5 0.6-3.7Gbit/s
8b/10b Backplane Interface FPSC, enabling flexible10GbE LAN/WAN application solutions.
• IP targeted to the ORT82G5 programmable array section implements functionality conforming to IEEE 802.3ae,
including:
– 10GbE Media Independent Interface (XGMII).
– Slip buffers for clock domain transfer to/from the XGMII interface.
– Complete translation between XGMII and XAUI PCS layers, including 8b/10b encoding and decoding of Idle,
Start, Terminate, Error and Sequence code groups and sequences, and randomized Idle generation in the
XAUI transmit direction.
– 64-bit data/8-bit control packet generator/checker on the XGMII side that supports standard compliant
CRPAT and CJPAT generation and checking for XAUI interoperability testing.
– Standard compliant MDIO/MDC interface.
– Automatic initialization and synchronization of the embedded core.
– Interface with the high-speed SERDES block embedded in the ORT82G5 that implements a standard XAUI.
• XAUI functionality supported by the embedded portion of the ORT82G5, including
– Eight channels of 3.125Gbits/s serializer/deserializer with 8b10b encoding/decoding (four SERDES channels are used in this application).
– XAUI compliant lane-by-lane synchronization.
– Lane deskew functionality.
– Microprocessor interface programmable via the Series 4 system bus.
• IP provided in encrypted netlist.
• ModelSim simulation models and test benches available for free evaluation.
General Description
The 10 Gigabit Ethernet Extended Sublayer (XGXS) Intellectual Property (IP) Core enables the creation of system
solutions for 10 Gigabit Ethernet (10GbE) applications as defined by IEEE 802.3ae. This IP Core targets the programmable array section of the ORCA ORT82G5 FPSC and provides a bridging function between 10 Gigabit
Media Independent Interface (XGMII) and 10 Gigabit Attachment Unit Interface (XAUI) devices.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
The ORT82G5 is a high-speed transceiver with an aggregate bandwidth of up to 29.6Gbits/s that is targeted
towards users in need of high-speed backplane and chip-to-chip interfaces using Ethernet and Fibre-Channel
based protocols. The ORT82G5 has eight channels of integrated 0.6-3.7Gbits/s SERDES channels that can be
used as 2x10Gbits/s XAUI interfaces.
XAUI is a high-speed interconnect that offers reduced pin count and is specified to drive up to 20 inches of PCB
trace on standard FR-4 material. Each XAUI interface comprises four self-timed 8b/10b encoded serial lanes each
operating at 3.125Gbits/s and thus is capable of transferring data at an aggregate rate of 10Gbits/s.
XGMII is a 156MHz Double Data Rate (DDR), parallel, short-reach interconnect interface (typically less than two
inches). It supports interfacing to 10Gbits/s Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) and PHY devices.
In this design, the XGXS core is implemented in the FPGA portion of the device. A packet generator/checker and
MDIO interface are also implemented in the FPGA logic.
The XGXS IP core is provided with implementation scripts, test benches, and documentation to allow customers to
integrate the functions for 10GbE LAN/WAN applications.
XGXS Application Overview
The location of the XGXS in the 10GbE protocol stack is shown in Figure 1. A simplified block diagram of the
ORT82G5 XGXS solution is shown in Figure 2. The ORT82G5 with the XGXS IP implemented in the programmable logic array provides the bridging capability to extend a standard 36-bit DDR XGMII across a XAUI-compatible
backplane.
Figure 1. XGXS Location in 10GbE Protocol Stack
Upper Layers
XGMII – 10G Medium Independent Interface
XGXS – XAUI Extender Sublayer
XAUI – 10G Attachment Unit Interface
XSBI – 10G 16-Bit Interface
MDI – Medium Dependent Interface
MAC Control (Optional)
Media Access Control (MAC)
*optional sublayer
Reconciliation
Adding the WIS makes the WAN PHY
XGMII
XGXS*
XAUI
XGMII/XAUI
XGXS*
XGMII
64b/66b coding
Physical Coding Sublayer (PCS)
WAN-compatible framing
WAN Interface Sublayer (WIS)*
16-bit parallel (OIF)
XSBI
Retime, SERDES, CDR
Physical Medium Attachment (PMA)
Physical Medium Dependent (PMD)
E/O
MDI
Medium
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 2. XGXS Solution Simplified Block Diagram
xgmii_tx_ctrl3:0]
xgmii_txclk_156
SEL
SEL
HDOUT[P:N]_BA
TX SERDES
XGMII
TX
DDR
Input
TX
Converter
RX Rate
RateConverter
xgmii_tx_data[31:0]
ORT82G5
Embedded
Core
REFCLK[P:N]_B
RX
TX Decoder
MDIO
Interface
TX
RXSlip
SlipBuffer
Buffer
mdc
mdio
ORT82G5
FPGA
Array
HDOUT[P:N]_BB
HDOUT[P:N]_BC
HDOUT[P:N]_BD
Packet
Generator
SERDES
Quad B
Packet
Checker
RXSERDES
SERES
RX
RX Rate
RateConverter
RX
Converter
xgmii_rxclk_156_out
SEL
RX Decoder
xgmii_rx_ctrl[3:0]
XGMII
RX
DDR
Input
Output
RX Slip Buffer
xgmii_rx_data[31:0]
HDIN[P:N]_BA
HDIN[P:N]_BB
HDIN[P:N]_BC
HDIN[P:N]_BD
xgmii_rxclk_156
Functional Description
The XGXS receive path, shown in Figure 3, is the data path from the XAUI to the XGMII interface. In the receive
direction, 8b/10b encoded data received at the XAUI SERDES interface is demultiplexed and passed to decoder
logic, where it is translated and mapped to the XGMII data format. The output of the encoder is then passed
through a slip buffer that compensates for XAUI and XGMII timing differences and then to the XGMII 36-bit (32-bit
data and four control bits) 156MHz DDR external interface.
The receive direction data translations are shown in Figure 4. The ORT82G5 embedded core aligns the data from
the four SERDES implementing the XAUI lanes and passes the aligned 8b/10b encoded data to the XGXS core
implemented in the programmable array. The 8b/10b symbols on each XAUI lane are converted to XGMII format
and passed to the corresponding XGMII lane.
The XGMII comprises four lanes, labeled [0:3], and one clock in both transmit and receive directions. Each lane
includes eight data signals and one control signal. Double Data Rate (DDR) transmission is utilized, with the data
and control signals sampled on both the rising and falling edges of a 156.25MHz (nom) clock for an effective data
transfer rate of 2.5Gbit/s.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 3. XGXS Receive Path
156MHz
xgmii_rxclk_156
PLL
PLL
xgmii_rxclk_156_out
90°
0°
72b@
156MHz
40b
40b
40b
40b
RX SERDES
SEL
RX Decoder
XGMII
RX
DDR
Output
RX Slip Buffer
72b@
156MHz
xgmii_rx_data[31:0]
xgmii_rx_ctrl[3:0]
RCK78B
RX Rate Converter
DDR
Buffer
HDIN[P:N]_BA
HDIN[P:N]_BB
HDIN[P:N]_BC
HDIN[P:N]_BD
78MHz
Packet
Checker
XGMII Loopback
(from TX path)
XAUI Loopback
(from TX path)
Figure 4. XGXS Receive Direction Data Translations
XAUI Lane 0
Lane 1
Lane 2
Lane 3
XGXS Receive Function
a b c d e f g h i
0
0
j
1 1 1 1 1 X X X properly aligned comma
10b/8b decoding
K A B C D E F G H
XGXS mapping
C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
XGMII
xgmii_rx_data[7:0]
xgmii_rx_ctrl[0]
xgmii_rx_data[15:8]
xgmii_rx_ctrl[1]
xgmii_rx_data[23:16]
xgmii_rx_ctrl[2]
xgmii_rx_data[31:24]
xgmii_rx_ctrl[3]
The transmit path, shown in Figure 5, is the data path from XGMII to XAUI. In the transmit direction, the 36-bit DDR
data and control received at the XGMII are converted to single-edge timing and passed through a slip buffer that
compensates for XAUI and XGMII timing differences. The XGMII data and control are then passed to the TX
encoder, where they are translated and mapped to the 8b/10b XAUI transmission code and then passed to the
SERDES interface.
The transmit direction data translations are shown in Figure 6. Data and control from each of the four XGMII lanes
are translated and mapped to the corresponding XAUI lanes. The transmit encoder includes the transmit idle generation state machine that generates a random sequence of /A/, /K/ and /R/ code groups as specified in IEEE
802.3ae.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 5. XGXS Transmit Path
156MHz
PLL
0°
TCK78B
72b@
156MHz
TX SERDES
SEL
SEL
TX Rate Converter
72b@
156MHz
XGMII
TX
DDR
Input
TX Encoder
xgmii_tx_ctrlt[3:0]
TX Slip Buffer
xgmii_txclk_156
xgmii_tx_data[31:0]
PLL
36b
36b
36b
36b
HDOUT[P:N]_BA
HDOUT[P:N]_BB
HDOUT[P:N]_BC
HDOUT[P:N]_BD
78MHz
Packet
Generator
XGMII loopback
(to RX path)
XAUI loopback
(from RX path)
Figure 6. XGXS Transmit Direction Data Translations
xgmii_tx_data[7:0]
xgmii_tx_ctrl[0]
xgmii_tx_data[15:8]
xgmii_tx_ctrl[1]
xgmii_tx_data[23:16]
xgmii_tx_ctrl[2]
xgmii_tx_data[31:24]
xgmii_tx_ctrl[3]
XGMII
XGXS Transmit Function
C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
XGXS mapping
K A B C D E F G H
10b/8b decoding
a b c d e f g h i
XAUI Lane 0
j
Lane 1
Lane 2
Lane 3
XGMII and Slip Buffers
The 10Gigabit Media Independent Interface (XGMII) supported by the XGXS solution conforms to Clause 46 of
IEEE 802.3ae.The XGMII is composed of independent transmit and receive paths. Each direction uses 32 data signals, four control signals and a clock. The 32 data signals in each direction are organized into four lanes of eight
signals each. Each lane is associated with a control signal as shown in Table 1.
Table 1. XGMII Transmit and Receive Lane Associations1
Tx Data (xgmii_tx_data)
Rx Data (xgmii_rx_data)
Tx Control (xgmii_tx_ctrl)
Rx Control (xgmii_rx_ctrl)
XAUI Lane
[7:0]
[0]
0
[15:8]
[1]
1
[23:16]
[2]
2
[31:24]
[3]
3
1. The XGMII TX signals are XGXS inputs to the transmit path (XGMII to XAUI). The XGMII RX signals are XGXS outputs of
the receive path (XAUI to XGMII).
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
The XGMII supports Double Data Rate (DDR) transmission, i.e. the data and control input signals are sampled on
both the rising and falling edges of the corresponding clock. The XGXS XGMII input (tx) data is sampled based on
an input clock typically sourced from the MAC or PHY device running at 156.25MHz, 1/64th of the 10Gb data rate.
The XGXS XGMII output (rx) data is referenced to a forwarded clock that is phase locked to a 156.25MHz (typical)
input reference.
The control signal for each lane is de-asserted when a data octet is being sent on the corresponding lane and
asserted when a control character is being sent. Supported control octet encodings are shown in Table 2. All data
and control signals are passed directly to/from the 8b/10b encoding/decoding blocks with no further processing by
the XGMII block. Note that the packet Start control word is only valid on lane 0.
Table 2. XGMII Control Encoding
Control
Data
0
0x00 - 0xFF
Description
1
0x00 - 0x06
1
0x07
1
0x08 - 0x9B
1
0x9C
1
0x9D - 0xFA
1
0xFB
Start (only valid on lane 0)
1
0xFC
Reserved
1
0xFD
Terminate
1
0xFE
Error
1
0xFF
Reserved
Normal data transmission
Reserved
Idle
Reserved
Sequence (only valid on lane 0)
Reserved
The XGMII blocks incorporate slip buffers that accommodate small differences between XGMII and XAUI timing by
inserting or deleting idle characters. The slip buffer is implemented as a 256 x 72 FIFO. There are four flags out of
the FIFO: full, empty, partially full and partially empty. The partially empty flag is used as the watermark to start
reading from the FIFO. If the difference between write and read pointers falls below the partially empty watermark
and the entire packet has been transmitted, idle characters are inserted until the partially full watermark is reached.
No idle is inserted during data transmission.
XAUI-to-XGMII Translation (Receive Interface)
A block diagram of the XGXS receive data path was shown previously in Figure 3. The XGXS solution utilizes
ORT82G5 SERDES Quad B. The receive interface converts the incoming XAUI stream into XGMII-compatible signals. At the ORT82G5 embedded core interface, the XGXS receive block receives 40 bits of data at 78MHz (32 bits
of data, four bits of control and four unused bits) from each XAUI lane. Data from the embedded core are first
passed to the RX rate converter block where the 144 bits of data and control received at a 78MHz rate are converted to 72 bits of data and control clocked at 156MHz.
The data from the RX rate converter is passed to the RX decoder. The RX decoder block converts the XAUI code
to the XGMII code. Table 3 shows the 8b/10b code points. Table 4 shows the code mapping between the two
domains in the receive direction. XAUI /A/, /R/, /K/ characters are translated into XGMII Idle (/I/) characters.
Data from the RX decoder block is written to the RX slip buffer. As mentioned previously, the slip buffers are
required to compensate for differences in the write and read clocks derived from the XAUI and XGMII reference
clocks, respectively. Clock compensation is achieved by deleting (not writing) idle cells into the buffer when the
“almost full” threshold is reached and by inserting (writing) additional idle cells into the buffer when the “almost
empty” threshold is reached. All idle insertion/deletion occurs during the Inter-Packet Gap (IPG) between data
frames.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 3. XAUI 8b/10b Code Points
Symbol
Name
/A/
Align
Lane Alignment (XGMII Idle)
K28.3
/K/
Sync
Code-Group Alignment (XGMII Idle)
K28.5
/R/
Skip
Clock Tolerance Compensation (XGMII Idle)
K28.0
/S/
Start
Start of Packet Delimiter (in Lane 0 only)
K27.7
/T/
Terminate
End of Packet Delimiter
K29.7
/E/
Error
/Q/
Sequence
/d/
Data
Function
Code-Group
Error Propagation
K30.7
Link Status Message Indicator
K28.4
Information Bytes
Dxx.x
Table 4. XAUI 8b/10b to XGMII Code Mapping
8b/10b Data from
Embedded Core [7:0]
XGMII Data [7:0]
XGMII Control [3:0]
Dxx.x
0x00-0xFF (Data)
0
K28.5 (0xBC)
0x07 (Idle)
1
K28.3 (0x7C)
0x07 (Idle)
1
K28.0 (0x1C)
0x07 (Idle)
1
K27.7 (0xFB)
0xFB (Start)
1
K29.7 (0xFD)
0xFD (Terminate)
1
K30.7 (0xFE)
0xFE (Error)
1
K28.4 (0x9C)
0x9C (Ordered Set)
1
XGMII-to-XAUI Translation (Transmit Interface)
A block diagram of the XGXS receive data path was shown previously in Figure 4. The TX interface converts the
incoming XGMII data into XAUI-compatible characters. 36-bit XGMII DDR input data and control signals are initially
converted to a 72-bit bus based on a single edge 156MHz clock. The data and control read are then passed into a
TX slip buffer identical to the one used for the RX interface.
After the slip buffer, the XGMII formatted transmit data and control are input to the TX encoder that converts the
XGMII characters into 8b/10b format as shown in Table 4. The idle generation state machine in the TX encoder
converts XGMII /I/ characters to a random sequence of XAUI /A/, /K/ and /R/ characters as specified in IEEE
802.3ae. XGMII idles are mapped to a random sequence of code groups to reduce radiated emissions. The /A/
code groups support XAUI lane alignment and have a guaranteed minimum spacing of 16 code-groups. The /R/
code groups are used for clock compensation. The /K/ code groups contain the 8b/10b comma sequence.
Table 5. XGMII to XAUI Code Mapping
XGMII
XAUI
Idle
/I/ = 0x07
Randomized /A/, /R/, /K/
Sequence
/A/ = K28.3 = 0x7C
/R/ = K28.0 = 0x1C
/K/ = K28.5 = 0xBC (Comma)
Start
/S/ = 0xFB
/S/ = 0xFB
Error
/E/ = 0xFE
/E/ = 0xFE
Terminate
/T/ = 0xFD
/T/ = 0xFD
Ordered Set
/Q/ = 0x9C
/Q/ = 0x9C
Data
Control = 0
Control = 0
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
The random /A/, /R/, /K/ sequence is generated as specified in section 48.2.5.2.1 of IEEE 802.3ae and shown in
the state machine diagram in Figure 7. In addition to idle generation, the state machine also forwards sequences of
||Q|| ordered sets used for link status reporting. These sets have the XGMII sequence control character on lane 0
followed by three data characters in XGMII lanes 1 through 3. Sequence ordered-sets are only sent following an
||A|| ordered set.
The random selection of /A/, /K/, and /R/ characters is based on the generation of uniformly distributed random
integers derived from a PRBS. Minimum ||A|| code group spacing is determined by the integer value generated by
the PRBS (A_cnt in Figure 7). ||K|| and ||R|| selection is driven by the value of the least significant bit of the generated integer value (code_sel in Figure 7). The idle generation state machine specified in IEEE 802.3ae and shown
in Figure 7 transitions between states based on a 312MHz system clock. The TX encoder implemented in the
XGXS IP runs at a system clock rate of 156MHz. Thus the XGXS state machine implementation performs the
equivalent of two state transitions each clock cycle.
The final stage in the programmable core is the transmit demultiplexer, which converts the 72 bits of data and control clocked at 156MHz to a 144-bit wide bus clocked at 78MHz, which is then passed to the ORT82G5 embedded
core. Data and control are distributed across the four XAUI lanes as discussed previously. The transmit data bus
per lane is 36 bits wide at the embedded core boundary as compared to the receive data bus which is 40 bits wide.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 7. XGXS Idle Transmit State Diagram
!reset *
!(TX=||IDLE|| + TX=||Q||)
SEND_DATA
IF TX=||T|| THEN cvtx_terminate
TX_code-group<39:0> ⇐
ENCODE(TX)
PUDR
(next_ifg = K + A_CNT00)
next_ifg = A * A_CNT=0
SEND_A
SEND_K
TX_code-group<39:0> ⇐ ||A||
next_ifg ⇐ K
PUDR
Q_det
reset
TX_code-group<39:0>
⇐ ||K||
next_ifg ⇐ A
PUDR
UCT
!Q_det
B
SEND_Q
TX_code-group<39:0>
⇐ TQMSG
Q_det ⇐ false
PUDR
B
A
A_CNT 00 *
code_sel=1
UCT
SEND_RANDOM_R
SEND_RANDOM_K
TX_code-group<39:0>
⇐ ||K||
PUDR
TX_code-group<39:0>
⇐ ||R||
PUDR
A_CNT 00 *
code_sel=0
A_CNT=0
A
B
A_CNT=0
SEND_RANDOM_A
A
TX_code-group<39:0>
⇐ ||A||
PUDR
Q_det
B
SEND_RANDOM_Q
TX_code-group<39:0> ⇐ TQMSG
Q_det ⇐ false
PUDR
B
A
A
code_sel=1
code_sel=0
10
!Q_det *
code_sel =0
!Q_det *
code_sel=1
A_CNT 00 *
code_sel =1
A_CNT 00 *
code_sel=0
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Packet Generator and Checker
The XGXS IP includes packet generator and checker capabilities supporting the CRPAT and CJPAT test patterns
specified in IEEE 803.2ae. These capabilities may be utilized in place of the external XGMII interface and are provided to support system debugging and/or interoperability testing.
The generator/checker blocks have the following programmable features controllable via the MDIO interface:
• Enable test pattern transmission (versus XGMII data transmission).
• Select CRPAT or CJPAT.
• Transmit continuous packets or a specific number of packets.
• Program the number of packets to be sent in non-continuous mode.
• Program the number of additional idle bytes to be sent during the IPG.
16-bit registers are also implemented which provide counts of:
• Packets transmitted by the generator.
• Packets received by the checker.
• Errored packets received.
The numbers of packets transmitted and received are determined by counting packet Start control bytes. Errored
packets are detected by checking the packet CRC. These registers are accessible via the MDIO.
Continuous Random Test Pattern (CRPAT)
The purpose of the CRPAT capability is to provide a data pattern that has broad spectral content and minimal peaking that can be used for the measurement of jitter. This pattern consists of a continuous stream of identical packets
separated by a minimum IPG. Each packet within this pattern consists of eight bytes of PREAMBLE/SFD followed
by 1488 data bytes followed by four octets of CRC and 12 octets of IPG. The specific pattern is as follows:
Start/Preamble/SFD:
FB 55 55 55 55 55 55 D5
Data bytes:
BE (repeat for 4 bytes)
D7 (repeat for 4 bytes)
23 (repeat for 4 bytes)
47 (repeat for 4 bytes)
6B (repeat for 4 bytes)
8F (repeat for 4 bytes)
B3 (repeat for 4 bytes)
14 (repeat for 4 bytes)
5E (repeat for 4 bytes)
FB (repeat for 4 bytes)
35 (repeat for 4 bytes)
59 (repeat for 4 bytes)
(repeat data byte pattern 31 times)
CRC:
F8 79 05 59
IPG:
FD 07 07 07 07 07 07 07 07 07 07 07
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
The CRPAT packet sequence is generated by the XGMII packet generator and is mapped into appropriate XAUI
code groups by the XGXS TX encoder block. The CRPAT frame is mapped to the XAUI lanes as shown in Table 6.
The packet generator output may also be loop back to the XGMII RX interface. Figure 8 shows how CRPAT packets
are mapped to the 32-bit XGMII data bus. Each byte lane corresponds to a XAUI lane as described in Table 1. All
values shown in the figure are in hexadecimal.
Table 6. Lane Mapping of Frame Data
Lane 0
Lane 1
Lane 2
Lane 3
SOP (FB)
P1 (55)
P2 (55)
P3 (55)
P4 (55)
P5 (55)
P6 (55)
SFD (D5)
D1 (BE)
D2 (BE)
D3 (BE)
D4 (BE)
—
—
—
—
D1485 (59)
D1486 (59) D1487 (59) D1488 (59)
CRC1 (F8)
CRC2 (79)
CRC3 (05)
CRC4 (59)
EOP (FD)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Idle (07)
Figure 8. Packet Transmission at the XGMII Interface
186 cycles of data
Startt
CRC
tx_clk
IPG
Start
tart
----
txd[7:0]
FB
55
BE
D7
23
47
----
F8
FD
07
07
FB
txd[15:8]
55
55
BE
D7
23
47
----
79
07
07
07
55
txd[23:16]
55
55
BE
D7
23
47
----
05
07
07
07
55
txd[31:24]
55
D5
BE
D7
23
47
----
59
07
07
07
55
txc[3:0]
0x1
0x0
0x0
0x0
0x0
0x0
----
0x0
0xF
0xF
0xF
0x1
Continuous Jitter Test Pattern (CJPAT)
The purpose of the CJPAT capability is to provide a data pattern that exposes a receiver’s CDR to large instantaneous phase jumps. The pattern alternates repeating low transition density patterns with repeating high transition
density patterns. The CJPAT pattern consists of a continuous stream of identical packets separated by a minimum
IPG. Each packet consists of eight bytes of START/PREAMBLE/ SFD followed by 1504 data bytes followed by four
CRC bytes followed by a minimum of 12 bytes of IPG. The specific pattern is as follows:
START/PREAMBLE/SFD (same as CRPAT)
Data bytes:
0B (lane 0)
7E (for 3 bytes - lanes 1, 2 and 3)
7E (for 524 bytes)
F4 (for 4 bytes)
EB (for 4 bytes)
F4 (for 4 bytes)
EB (for 4 bytes)
F4 (for 4 bytes)
12
Lattice Semiconductor
EB
F4
AB
B5
EB
F4
EB
F4
EB
F4
EB
F4
7E
F4
EB
F4
EB
F4
EB
F4
AB
B5
EB
F4
EB
F4
EB
F4
EB
F4
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 160 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 528 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 160 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
(for 4 bytes)
CRC:
BD 9F 1E AB
IPG: (same as CRPAT)
Loopback Configuration
The XGXS IP solution supports three loopback capabilities as shown in Figure 9. Two of the loopbacks are implemented in the IP resident in the programmable core and one is implemented in the ORT82G5 embedded core. All
of these loopbacks are controllable via the MDIO interface.
The XGXS loopback is implemented in the programmable core and loops back receive XAUI data to the transmit
XAUI interface. The XGXS loopback only works when the XAUI transmit and receive clocks are synchronized.
The XGMII loopback is implemented in the programmable core and loops back receive XGMII TX data to the
receive XGMII interface. The XGMII loopback only works when the XGMII transmit and receive clocks are synchronized.
Note that the XGMII and XAUI loopbacks can operate simultaneously.
The XAUI loopback is implemented in the ORT82G5 embedded core and loops back transmit XGMII data in the
receive direction. Please refer to the ORT82G5 data sheet for additional information about this loopback capability.
13
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 9. XGXS Loopback Capabilities
xgxs_lb_signal
xgmii_tx_dat_sel
XGMII
TX
DDR
Input
Packet
Generator
SEL
SEL
XGMII
loopback
XGXS
TX
Encoder
XGXS
loopback
ORT82G5
Embedded
Core
TX SERDES
XGMII TX
data & control
ORT82G5
FPGA
Array
XAUI
loopback
Packet
Checker
XGMII
RX
DDR
Output
XGXS
RX
Encoder
SEL
RX SERDES
XGMII RX
data & control
xgmii_lb_signal
Inject Error Capability
An active low input (inj_err_n) is provided that supports the ability to inject errors in the packet generator transmit path. One errored packet is generated each time inj_err_n is pulsed low. The error injected may occur anywhere within the packet, but will only occur within the data cycle phase, and not while special characters are being
sent. If inj_err_n is active after the end of a packet, the XGXS waits until after the next start of packet to inject
the error.
Automatic Configuration Capability
The XGXS IP supports the ability to automatically configure the ORT82G5 embedded core upon power up or hardware/software reset. This capability automatically sets all appropriate embedded registers to enable QUAD B
Channel alignment in XAUI mode. Automatic configuration of the embedded core is enabled or disabled using the
external pin “pwrup_init_en” (active high - automatic configuration enabled).
Automatic configuration performs the sequence of operations specified in the following list. Equivalent configuration
may be performed via the MDIO or SYSBUS interface.
In the following list:
• mmb = write memory byte. The command is followed by a hex address value and a hex data value.
• dmb = read memory byte. A hex address value and the number of consecutive addresses to read follow the command.
Configuration Steps
1. mmb 30105 64 ; do a software reset
2. dmb 30105 1 ; wait for a while
3. dmb 30105 1 ; wait for a while
4. mmb 30105 44 ; remove software reset
5. mmb 30A00 00 ; set RX and TX clock selects to BA
14
Lattice Semiconductor
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
mmb 30002 40 ; power down TX AA
mmb 30003 40 ; power down RX AA
mmb 30012 40 ; power down TX AB
mmb 30013 40 ; power down RX AB
mmb 30022 40 ; power down TX AC
mmb 30023 40 ; power down RX AC
mmb 30032 40 ; power down TX AD
mmb 30033 40 ; power down RX AD
mmb 30103 30 ; BA RX 1/1 rate, alarm ovrd, no lnk FSM,8b10br
mmb 30113 30 ; BB RX 1/1 rate, alarm ovrd, no lnk FSM,8b10br
mmb 30123 30 ; BC RX 1/1 rate, alarm ovrd, no lnk FSM,8b10br
mmb 30133 30 ; BD RX 1/1 rate, alarm ovrd, no lnk FSM,8b10br
mmb 30102 31 ; BA TX 1/1 rate, 8b10bT + full pre-emphasis
mmb 30112 31 ; BB TX 1/1 rate, 8b10bT + full pre-emphasis
mmb 30122 31 ; BC TX 1/1 rate, 8b10bT + full pre-emphasis
mmb 30132 31 ; BD TX 1/1 rate, 8b10bT + full pre-emphasis
mmb 30900 FF ; enable BYTSYNC; lock PLL to data
mmb 30933 01; enable characterization pins
mmb 30920 01 ; XAUI mode
mmb 30921 00 ; don’t bypass chnl align. On B
mmb 30104 40 ; BA MASK ALARM, NO TESTEN
mmb 30114 40 ; BB MASK ALARM, NO TESTEN
mmb 30124 40 ; BC MASK ALARM, NO TESTEN
mmb 30134 40 ; BD MASK ALARM, NO TESTEN
mmb 30901 00 ; NO LOOPBACK, Allow WD align for BA BB BC BD
mmb 30910 0F ; Enable Ch. Align. for BA BB BC & BD
mmb 30911 55 ; FMPU SYNC MODE FOR BA BB BC BD (QUAD)
PROGRAM OTHER FPGA REGISTERS HERE IF NECESSARY
dmb 30904 1 ; read XAUI states (before resync)
dmb 30905 1 ; read word aligner status and ch248
dmb 30914 1 ; read OOS status
mmb 30105 64 ; Perform another software reset
dmb 30105 1 ; wait for a while before removing reset
dmb 30105 1 ; wait for a while before removing reset
mmb 30105 44 ; remove software reset
mmb 30910 00 ; perform word align
mmb 30910 0F ;
mmb 30920 01 ; perform resync
mmb 30920 03
Automatic SERDES Channel Alignment
The XGXS IP core supports automatic XAUI word and quad channel alignment resynchronization upon loss of
sync at the XAUI interface. Automatic resynchronization is enabled/disabled by setting/clearing XGXS register bit
4.8002.15 via the MDIO interface (see the Functional Description section). The resynchronization procedure
includes the following steps:
1. Perform a word DEMUX alignment on all channels by:
Writing 0x0F to ORT82G5 embedded core register 30910.
Writing 0xFF to ORT82G5 embedded core register 30910.
2. Do a four channel alignment resynchronization by:
Writing 0x01 to ORT82G5 embedded core register 30920.
Writing 0x03 to ORT82G5 embedded core register 30920.
15
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Management Data Input/Output (MDIO) Interface
The MDIO interface provides access to the internal XGXS registers. The register access mechanism corresponds
to Clause 45 of IEEE 802.3ae. The XGXS core provides access to XGXS registers 0x0000-0x0024 as specified in
IEEE 802.3ae. Additional registers in the vendor-specific address space have been allocated for implementationspecific control/status functions.
The physical interface consists of two signals: MDIO to transfer data/address/control to and from the device, and
MDC, a clock up to 2.5MHz sourced externally to provide the synchronization for MDIO. The fields of the MDIO
transfer are shown in Figure 10.
Figure 10. Fields of MDIO Protocol
ST
2b
OP
2b
PRTAD
5b
DTYPE*
5b
TA
2b
ADDRESS/DATA
16b
ST=00
VALUE
OP
ACCESS TYPE
00
ADDRESS
01
WRITE
10
READ INCREMENT
11
READ
DEVICE TYPE
0
RESERVED
1
10G PMA/PMD
2
10G WIS
3
10G PCS
4
10G PHY XGXS
5
10G DTE XGXS
ACCESS TYPE
CONTENTS
ADDRESS
RESERVED
WRITE
10G PMA/PMD
READ INCREMENT 10G WIS
6-15
RESERVED
16-31
VENDOR SPECIFIC
READ
10G PCS
* If ST=01, this field is REGAD (register address).
Management Frame Structure
Each management data frame consists of 64 bits. The first 32 bits are preamble consisting of 32 contiguous 1s on
the MDIO. Following the preamble is the start-of-frame field (ST) which is a 00 pattern. The next field is the operation code (OP) that is shown in Figure 10.
The next two fields are the port address (PRTAD) and device type (DTYPE). Since the physical layer function in
10GbE is partitioned into various logical (and possibly separate physical) blocks, two fields are used to access
these blocks. The PRTAD provides the overall address to the PHY function. The first port address bit transmitted
and received is the MSB of the address. The DTYPE field addresses the specific block within the physical layer
function.
Device address zero is reserved to ensure that there is not a long sequence of zeros. If the ST field is 01 then the
DTYPE field is replaced with REGAD (register address field of the original clause 22 specification). The XGXS core
does not respond to any accesses with ST = 01.
The TA field (Turn Around) is a 2-bit turnaround time spacing between the device address field and the data field to
avoid contention during a read transaction. The TA bits are treated as don’t cares by the XGXS core.
During a write or address operation, the address/data field transports 16 bits of write data or register address
depending on the access type. The register is automatically incremented after a read increment. The address/data
field is 16 bits.
For an address cycle, this field contains the address of the register to be accessed on the next cycle. For
read/write/increment cycles, the field contains the data for the register. The first bit of data transmitted and received
in the address/data field is the MSB (bit 15). An example access is shown in Figure 11.
16
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 11. Indirect Address Example
PREAMBLE, 32-BIT
ALL ONES
ST OP PHYADDR
00 00 0_0000
DTYPE
0_0100
TA
ADDRESS/DATA
0000_1111_0000_0001
REGISTER ADDRESS
TO BE ACCESSED
PREAMBLE, 32-BIT
ALL ONES
ST OP PHYADDR
00 10
0_0000
TA
ADDRESS/DATA
0000_1010_0101_1111
OP = READ
DATA RETURNED
DEVICE TYPE = XGXS
DEVICE TYPE = XGXS
OP = ADDRESS
DTYPE
0_0100
Table 8 shows PHY XGXS registers as described in IEEE Draft P802.3ae. The shaded areas are used to indicate
register addresses that are specified in the draft but are not used in this implementation.
There are two vendor supported register ranges. The 4.8000h register range is used for accessing and programming the XGXS registers implemented in the programmable array of the ORT82G5 (XGXS and packet generator/checker registers). All corresponding registers are listed in Table 7. All ORT82G5 embedded core registers can
be accessed through the 4.9xxxh registers shown in Table 8, where the address is directly mapped to the
ORT82G5 embedded registers. Refer to the ORT82G5 data sheet for complete details on the ORT82G5 embedded core register memory map and register definitions.
Register Descriptions
Table 7. Register Map for XGXS IP (Device Address = 4)
Register Address
Register Name
0
PHY XGXS Control 1
1
PHY XGXS Status 1
2, 3
PHY XGXS Identifier
4
Reserved
5
PHY XGXS Status 2
6 - 23
Reserved
24
10G PHY XGXS Lane status
25 - 32767
Reserved
32768 - 65535
Vendor specific (TBD)
Table 8. XGXS Registers
Bit(s)
Name
Description
R/W
Reset Value
R/W S/C
0
R/W
0
Control 1 Registers
4.0.15
Reset
1 = PHY XA reset, 0 = Normal operation
4.0.14
Loop Back
1 = Enable Loop back, 0 = Disable Loop back
Writing to this bit sets the corresponding ORT82G5
register bits:
CH A = 30801 [0,1,2,3]
CH B = 30901 [0,1,2,3]
4.0.13
Speed Selection
Value always 0
R
0
4.0.12
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 8. XGXS Registers (Continued)
Bit(s)
4.0.11
Name
Low Power
Description
0 = Low Power Mode
1 = Normal operation This bit is connected to the
ORT82G5 “PASB_PDN” signal.
R/W
Reset Value
R/W
1
4.0.[10:7]
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
4.0.6
Speed Selection
Value always 0
R
0
4.0.[5:2]
Speed Selection
Value always 0
R
0
4.0.[1:0]
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
4.1.7
Fault (Not Supported)
0 = No Fault condition
R
0
4.1.[6:3]
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
4.1.2
PHY XS TX link status
1 = Link is up, 0 = Link is down Writing to this bit sets
the corresponding ORT82G5 register bits:
CH A = 30814[5]
CH B = 30914[5]
R
0
4.1.1
Low Power Ability
1 = Low Power Mode support
R
1
4.1.0
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
Status 1 Registers
4.1.[15:8]
XGXS Identifier Registers
4.2:[15:0]
PHY XS Identifier
MSB = 0x0000
R
0
4.3:[15:0]
PHY XS Identifier
LSB = 0x0004
R
0004
XGXS Reserved Registers
4.4.[15:1]
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
4.4.0
10 G Capable
Value always 1
R
1
Value always 0
R
0
Status 1 Registers
4.5.[15:6]
Reserved
4.5.5
DTE XS Present
Value always 0
R
0
4.5.4
PHY XS Present
Value always 1
R
1
4.5.3
PCS Present
Value always 0
R
0
4.5.2
WIS Present
Value always 0
R
0
4.5.1
PMD/PMA Present
Value always 0
R
0
4.5.0
Clause 22 regs present
Value always 0
R
0
4.6.15
Vendor specific device present Value always 0
R
0
4.6.[14:0]
Reserved
R
0
XGXS Reserved Registers
Value always 0
XGXS Reserved Registers
4.8.[15:14]
Device present
10 = Device responding to this address
R
10
4.8.[13:12]
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
4.8.11
Transmit Fault
(Not Supported)
0 = No fault of tx path
R
0
4.8.10
Receive Fault
(Not Supported)
0 = No fault of tx path
R
0
4.8.9:0
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
4.15, 4.14
Package Identifier
Value always 0
R
0
Value always 0
R
0
XGXS Reserved Registers
4.24.[15:13] Reserved
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 8. XGXS Registers (Continued)
Bit(s)
Name
Description
R/W
Reset Value
R
00
4.24.12
PHY XGXS Lane Alignment
1= TX lanes aligned
0 =TX lanes not aligned
Writing to this bit sets the corresponding ORT82G5
register bits:
CH A = 30814[5]
CH B = 30914[5]
4.24.11
Pattern Testing ability
0 = Not able to generate pattern.
R
0
4.24.10
PHY XGXS has loop back
capability
1 = Has loop back capability
R
1
4.24.[9:4]
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
Lane 3 Sync
1 = Lane 3 synchronized
0 = Lane 3 not synchronized
Writing to this bit sets the corresponding ORT82G5
register bits:
CH A = 30804[6,7]
CH B = 30904[6,7]
R
00
Lane 2 Sync
1 = Lane 2 synchronized
0 = Lane 2 not synchronized
Writing to this bit sets the corresponding ORT82G5
register bits:
CH A = 30804[4,5]
CH B = 30904[4,5]
R
00
Lane 1 Sync
1 = Lane 1 synchronized
0 = Lane 1 not synchronized
Writing to this bit sets the corresponding ORT82G5
register bits:
CH A = 30804[3,2]
CH B = 30904[3,2]
R
00
Lane 0 Sync
1 = Lane 0 synchronized
0 = Lane 0 not synchronized
Writing to this bit sets the corresponding ORT82G5
register bits:
CH A = 30804[0,1]
CH B = 30904[0,1]
R
00
4.24.3
4.24.2
4.24.1
4.24.0
XGXS Reserved Registers
4.25.15:3
Reserved
Value always 0
R
0
4.25.2
Receive test pattern enable
0 = Receive test pattern not enabled
R
0
4.25.1:0
Test pattern select
00
R
00
XGXS TX PACKET
4.8000.15:0
COUNTER
Counts in XGXS the number of packets sent in the TX
direction. Cleared on Read
R
0
4.8001.15:0
XGXS RX PACKET
COUNTER
Counts in XGXS the number of packets received in the
RX direction. Cleared on Read
R
0
4.8002.15
XGXS Automatic channel
alignment resync.
Bit enables automatic resync by XGXS upon loss of
sync.
1 = enable
0 = disable
R/W
1
4.8002.14
XGXS Loopback
Enables XGXS loopback
1 = enable
0 = disable
R/W
0
4.8002.13
XGMII Loopback
Enables XGMII loopback
1 = enable
0 = disable
R/W
0
4.8002.12:9 RESERVED
UNUSED
—
—
4.8002.8:0
UNUSED
—
—
RESERVED
19
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 8. XGXS Registers (Continued)
Bit(s)
Name
Description
R/W
Reset Value
R/W
1
4.8003.15
XGMII TX DATA SELECT
Selects between the packet generator TX XGMII data
and that of the IO DDR.
1 = packet generator
0 = IO DDR
4.8003.14
RUN PACKETS
Enables packet generator data transmission
1 = transmit DATA (CRPAT/CJPAT)
0 = transmit IDLE
R/W
0
4.8003.13
SELECT CRPAT OR CJPAT
Selects between CRPAT and CJPAT
1 = transmit CRPAT
0 = transmit CJPAT
R/W
0
CONTINUOUS/FIXED
PACKETS
The value determines whether packets are sent continuously or for a fixed number of times any time
4.8003.14 is set. The fixed number of times is determined by the value of 4.800C.15:0.
1 = continuous
0 = fixed
R/W
0
4.8003.12
4.8003.11:8 RESERVED
UNUSED
—
—
4.8003.7:0
RESERVED
UNUSED
—
—
4.8004.15:8 RESERVED
UNUSED
—
—
R/W
80
—
—
R/W
70
—
—
R/W
80
—
—
R/W
70
UNUSED
—
—
CH. BA code violations will increment the counter
(cleared on read). This feature is only supported with
V3 of ORT82G5
R
UNUSED
—
CH. BB code violations will increment the counter
(cleared on read). This feature is only supported with
V3 of ORT82G5
R
UNUSED
—
—
CH. BC code violations will increment the counter
(cleared on read). This feature is only supported with
V3 of ORT82G5
R
—
UNUSED
—
—
4.8004.7:0
TX SLIP BUFFER FULL
THRESHOLD
4.8005.15:8 RESERVED
4.8005.7:0
TX SLIP BUFFER EMPTY
THRESHOLD
4.8006.15:8 RESERVED
4.8006.7:0
RX SLIP BUFFER FULL
THRESHOLD
4.8007.15:8 RESERVED
4.8007.7:0
RX SLIP BUFFER EMPTY
THRESHOLD
4.8008.15:8 RESERVED
4.8008.7:0
SERDES CHANNEL BA
CODE VIOLATION
COUNTER.
4.8009.15:8 RESERVED
4.8009.7:0
SERDES CHANNEL BB
CODE VIOLATION
COUNTER.
4.800A.15:8 RESERVED
4.800A.7:0
SERDES CHANNEL BC
CODE VIOLATION
COUNTER.
4.800B.15:8 RESERVED
The Threshold for when The FIFO controller considers
the TX slip buffer FIFO full.
UNUSED
The Threshold for when The FIFO controller considers
the TX slip buffer FIFO empty.
UNUSED
The Threshold for when The FIFO controller considers
the RX slip buffer FIFO full.
UNUSED
The Threshold for when The FIFO controller considers
the RX slip buffer FIFO empty.
—
4.800B.7:0
SERDES CHANNEL BD
CODE VIOLATION
COUNTER.
CH. BD code violations will increment the counter
(cleared on read). This feature is only supported with
V3 of ORT82G5
R
—
4.800C.15:0
NUMBER OF PACKETS TO
SEND
Fixed number of times CRPAT/CJPAT packets are to
be sent.
R/W
0
4.800D.15:0
PKT CHECKER RECEIVED
ERROR COUNTER
Keeps count of the number of error-ed packets
received. Cleared on Read
R
0
20
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 8. XGXS Registers (Continued)
Bit(s)
Name
Description
4.8002.15:4 RESERVED
4.800E.3:0
UNUSED
ADDITIONAL IDLES TO
GENERATOR IPG
ADDS X= 8(N+1) ADDITIONAL IDLE BYTES where
N>=1
(N= 4.800E.3:0 decimal)
R/W
Reset Value
—
—
R/W
0
Table 9. XGXS Vendor Specific Registers 4.9xxxh
Bits
Name
802.3ae
Description
R/W
ORT82G5
Register Bits
Reset
Value
Value always 0
R
None
0
4.9xxx.15:8
Reserved
4.90xx.7:0
SERDES A registers
None
R/W
300xx regs
Spec
4.91xx.7:0
SERDES B registers
None
R/W
301xx regs
Spec
4.98xx.7:0
Channel A [A..D]
None
R/W
308xx regs
Spec
4.99xx.7:0
Channel B [A..D]
None
R/W
309xx regs
Spec
4.9Axx.7:0
Global registers
4.A0x.15:8
Reserved
4.A0xx.7:0
System bus
None
R/W
30Axx regs
Spec
Value always 0
R
None
0
None
R/W
000xx regs
Spec
21
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
I/O Signal Descriptions
Table 10. XGXS Solution I/O
Signal Name
Direction
Description
XGMII Signals
xgmii_tx_data[31:0]
input
32-bit wide DDR XGMII input data.
xgmii_tx_ctrl[3:0]
input
Per-byte DDR XGMII control inputs.
xgmii_txclk_156
input
156MHz XGMII transmit (XGXS input) clock.
xgmii_rx_data[31:0]
output
32-bit wide DDR XGMII output data.
xgmii_rx_ctrl[3:0]
output
Per-byte DDR XGMII control outputs.
xgmii_rxclk_156
input
XGMII receive (XGXS output) reference clock.
output
Forwarded XGMII receive (XGXS output) clock.
xgmii_rxclk_156_out
XAUI Signals
HDINN_BA
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel A.
HDINP_BA
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel A.
HDINN_BB
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel B.
HDINP_BB
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel B.
HDINN_BC
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel C.
HDINP_BC
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel C.
HDINN_BD
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel D.
HDINP_BD
input
High-speed CML receive data input - SERDES quad B, channel D.
HDOUTN_BA
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel A.
HDOUTP_BA
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel A.
HDOUTN_BB
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel B.
HDOUTP_BB
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel B.
HDOUTN_BC
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel C.
HDOUTP_BC
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel C.
HDOUTN_BD
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel D.
HDOUTP_BD
output
High-speed CML transmit data output - SERDES quad B, channel D.
REFCLKP_B
input
SERDES Quad B reference clock.
REFCLKN_B
input
SERDES Quad B reference clock.
Please refer to the ORT82G5 Data Sheet for additional information on configuring the SERDES interface for specific applications.
MDIO Interface Signals
mdio
input/output
mdc
input
MDIO bi-directional data.
MDIO clock.
XGXS Soft IP Control and Status Signals
reset_n
input
XGXS programmable core reset (active low).
pwrup_init_en
input
Enable automatic configuration of embedded core (active high - see Sec. 2.7
for details).
inj_err_n
input
Inject error (active low - see Sec. 2.6 for details).
ORT82G5 Embedded Core Control, Global I/O and FPGA Configuration I/O
Please refer to the ORCA Series 4 FPGA Data Sheet and the ORT82G5 Data Sheet for information on the various configuration options.
22
Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
I/O Pin Assignments
Table 11 lists a verified XGMII I/O DDR pinout for the XGXS IP core using an ORT82G5 and the BM680 package.
Table 12 lists the remaining FPGA related I/Os. Other pinout configurations may be specified as long as the I/O
placement conforms to the constraints specified in Lattice technical note TN1037 ORCA Series 4 Fast DDR Interface.
Fixed embedded core pins are not listed. Please refer to the ORT82G5 data sheet for that information.
Table 11. XGMII Related I/Os
Signal
Pin
Direction
Buffer
xgmii_tx_ctrl_0
B26
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_ctrl_1
B25
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_ctrl_2
B27
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_ctrl_3
A27
input
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_ctl_0
AP21
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_ctl_1
AK16
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_ctl_2
AM18
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_ctl_3
AM20
output
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_0
C24
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_1
C22
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_10
A25
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_11
A24
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_12
B23
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_13
E17
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_14
E16
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_15
B22
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_16
C18
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_17
C19
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_18
A22
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_19
A21
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_2
C23
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_20
D17
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_21
D18
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_22
B20
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_23
B19
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_24
A20
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_25
A19
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_26
B18
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_27
C17
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_28
D16
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_29
A17
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_3
B24
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_30
B16
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_31
E15
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_4
D20
input
HSTL1
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 11. XGMII Related I/Os (Continued)
Signal
Pin
Direction
Buffer
xgmii_tx_data_5
D19
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_6
E19
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_7
E18
input
HSTL1
xgmii_tx_data_9
C20
input
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_0
AL18
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_1
AN21
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_10
AN25
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_11
AL22
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_12
AL23
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_13
AN27
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_14
AM25
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_15
AP29
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_16
AN29
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_17
AN28
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_18
AM26
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_19
AK23
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_2
AM21
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_20
AL25
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_21
AP31
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_22
AK24
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_23
AM28
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_24
AN30
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_25
AL26
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_26
AL28
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_27
AN31
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_28
AK26
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_29
AM30
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_3
AN22
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_30
AL29
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_31
AK27
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_4
AK18
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_5
AN23
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_6
AP26
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_7
AK19
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_8
AL21
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rx_data_9
AM23
output
HSTL1
xgmii_rxclk_156
AN18
input
HSTL1
xgmii_rxclk_156_out
AN19
output
HSTL1
xgmii_txclk_156
A23
input
HSTL1
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Table 12. Additional I/Os
Pin
Direction
Buffer
mdio
AA4
input/output
LVCMOS2
mdc
U1
input
LVCMOS2
Signal
MDIO I/O
Control and Status Signals
reset_n
W1
input
LVCMOS2
pwrup_init_en
Y1
input
LVCMOS2
F5
input
LVCMOS2
inj_err_n
1
ORT82G5 Embedded Core Control, Global I/O and FPGA Configuration
I/O
Please refer to the ORCA Series 4 FPGA Data Sheet and the ORT82G5 Data
Sheet for information on the various configuration options.
Test Points2
TP0
AC5
input
LVCMOS
TP1
AD1
input
LVCMOS
TP2
AF3
input/output
LVCMOS
TP3
AD3
output
LVCMOS
TP4
A3
output
LVCMOS
1. External pull-up required.
2. I.O that may be used to provide observability of internal signals for debugging purposes. It is recommended that these I/O be routed to accessible points on the PWB.
Table 13 shows voltage bank notations and Table 14 shows pin locations for HSTL1 reference voltages as
assigned for the XGXS IP core.
Table 13. VDDIO for XGXS IP Core - By Bank
Bank
VDDIO
VDDIO0
2.5V
VDDIO1
1.5V
VDDIO5
1.5V
VDDIO6
2.5V
VDDIO7
2.5V
Table 14. VREF for XGXS IP Core - By Bank/Group
Bank/Group
Pin
1/2
D21
Vref_HSTL1
1/3
A26
Vref_HSTL1
1/4
B21
Vref_HSTL1
1/5
A18
Vref_HSTL1
VREF
1/6
A15
Vref_HSTL1
5/1
AL17
Vref_HSTL1
Proper isolation of the VREF pins is critical for proper circuit performance. Please see Lattice technical note TN1036
ORCA® Series 4 I/O User’s Guide, available on the Lattice web site at www.latticesemi.com, for recommendations
on the proper use of these pins.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Additional pinout specification information may be found in the XGXS core ORCA PAD specification files included
with this IP.
I/O Timing and Electrical Specifications
XGMII Specifications
Clause 46 of IEEE 802.3ae specifies HSTL1 I/O with a 1.5V output buffer supply voltage for all XGMII signals. The
HSTL1 specifications comply with EIA/JEDEC Standard EIA/JESD8-6 using Class I output buffers with output
impedance greater than 38Ω to ensure acceptable overshoot and undershoot performance in an unterminated
interconnection. The parametric values for HSTL XGMII signals are given in Table 15. The HSTL termination
scheme is shown in Figure 12. Timing requirements for chip-to-chip XGMII signals are shown in Figure 13.
Additional information on XGMII interface specifications may be found in IEEE 802.3ae. Additional information on
implementing the XGMII DDR capabilities in the ORT82G5 may be found in Lattice technical notes TN1036 ORCA
Series 4 I/O User’s Guide and TN1037 ORCA Series 4 Fast DDR Interface.
Table 15. XGMII DC and AC Specifications
Parameter
Condition
VDDIO
—
1.4
1.5
1.8
V
VREF
—
0.68
0.75
0.9
V
VTT1
—
-
0.75
-
V
VIH
—
VREF + 100mV
0.85
VDDIO + 0.3
V
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Units
VIL
—
-0.3
0.65
VREF - 100mV
V
VOH2
IOH > 8mA
1
1.1
—
V
VOL
IOL > -8mA
—
—
0.4
V
1. 50% VDDIO
2. VDDIO - 400mV
Figure 12. HSTL1 Circuit Topology
VTT = 0.75V
VDDIO = 1.5V
R = 50Ω
Z = 50
VREF = 0.75V
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 13. XGMII Timing Parameters
t pwmin
t pwmin
xgmii_txclk_156,
xgmii_rxclk_156,
xgmii_rxclk_156_out
VIH_AC(min)
VIL_AC(max)
xgmii_tx_data[31:0],
xgmii_tx_ctrl[3:0,
xgmii_rx_data[31:0],
xgmii_rx_ctrl[3:0]]
VIH_AC(min)
VIL_AC(max)
t setup
t setup
t hold
t hold
Symbol
Driver
Receiver
Units
tSETUP
960
480
ps
tHOLD
960
480
ps
tPWMIN
2.5
—
ns
XAUI Specifications
The electrical characteristics of the XGXS XAUI signals conform to Clause 47.3 of IEEE 802.3ae. The general
XAUI driver requirements are given in Table 16. The XAUI driver template and receiver characteristics are given in
Figure 14 and Table 17, respectively. The XAUI SERDES interface circuit topology is shown in Table 15. Complete
specifications on the SERDES may be found in the ORT82G5 Data Sheet.
Table 16. XAUI Driver Characteristics
Parameter
Baud rate tolerance
Value
Units
3.125Gbd (100ppm
GBd ppm
Unit interval nominal
320
ps
Differential amplitude maximum
1600
mVp-p
Absolute output voltage limits
Maximum
Minimum
2.3
-0.4
V
V
See Equation 11
dB
± 0.175 peak from the mean
± 0.085 peak from the mean
UI
UI
± 0.275 peak from the mean
± 0.185 peak from the mean
UI
UI
Differential output return loss minimum
Output jitter
Near-end maximums
Total jitter
Deterministic jitter
Far-end maximums
Total jitter
Deterministic jitter
1. Equation 1: s11 = -10dB for 312.5MHz < Freq(f) < 625MHz, and
-10 + 10log (f/625)dB for 625MHz ≤ Freq(f) ≤ 3.125GHz
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 14. XAUI Driver Template
Differential Amplitude (mV)
A2
A1
0
-A1
-A2
0
X1
X2
1-X2
1-X1
1
Time (UI)
Symbol
Near-end Value
Far-end Value
Units
X1
0.175
0.275
UI
X2
0.390
0.400
UI
A1
400
100
mV
A2
800
800
mV
Table 17. XAUI Receive Characteristics
Parameter
Value
Units
3.125
±100ppm
GBd
ppm
Unit interval (UI) nominal
320
ps
Receiver coupling
AC
—
Return loss1
Differential
Common mode
10
6
dB
dB
0.65
UIp-p
Baud rate
Tolerance
Jitter amplitude tolerance2
1. Relative to 100Ω differential and 25Ω common mode. See IEEE
802.3ae Sec. 47.3.4.5 for input impedance details.
2. See IEEE 802.3ae Sec. 47.3.4.6 for jitter tolerance details.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 15. XAUI SERDES Interface Circuit Topology
VDDOB= 1.5 V or 1.8 V
120
86
86
120
+
A
-
AN
470
VDDIB
VBIAS
1.5V
External
XAUI Device
470
I
0.1uF
50
50
0.01uF
Z
+
0.01uF
ZN
-
82G5 SERDES
MDIO Specifications
The electrical specifications of the MDIO signals conform to Clause 45.4 of IEEE 802.3ae.
Figure 16. MDIO Timing
t1
t2
t3
MDC
t4
t5
MDIO (INPUT)
t6
MDIO (OUTPUT)
Table 18. MDIO Interface Timing
Symbol
Description
Min.
Max.
Units
200
—
ns
t1
MDC high pulse width
t2
MDC low pulse width
200
—
ns
t3
MDC period
400
—
ns
t4
MDIO(I) setup to MDC rising edge
10
—
ns
t5
MDIO(O) hold time from MDC rising edge
10
—
ns
t6
MDIO(O) valid from MDC rising edge
0
300
ns
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10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Miscellaneous I/O Specifications
Table 19. Miscellaneous Inputs
DC Voltage Levels
Signal Name
reset_n*
pwrup_init_en
1
inj_err_n1
Rise/Fall Time
Min. (ns) Max. (ns)
Ref.
Clock
Edge
(+/-)
Setup
Hold
Time
Time Min.
(ns)
Min. (ns)
Internal
Pullup
VIL Max.
VIH Min.
0.8
2.0
2
2
asynch
na
na
na
no
0.8
2.0
2
2
asynch
na
na
na
no
0.8
2.0
2
2
asynch
na
na
na
no
1. External pull-up required.
Clocking Strategies
The general XGXS clocking strategy is discussed in this section. As noted earlier, slip buffers are implemented in
both the transmit and receive paths to accommodate for timing differences between the clock domain associated
with the SERDES blocks and the clock domain for the XGMII interface.
XGMII Clocks
There are two clocks associated with the XGMII interface.
xgmii_rxclk_156
xgmii_rxclk_156 is a 156.25MHz reference clock used to clock all internal registers in the XGXS receive path. It is
also used to generate the xgmii_rxclk_156_out output clock from the XGMII interface. The XGMII outputs,
xgmii_rx_data[31:0] and xgmii_rx_crtl[3:0], are synchronous to xgmii_rxclk_156_out.
xgmii_txclk_156
xgmii_txclk_156 is a 156.25MHz clock input for the XGMII interface. The XGMII inputs, xgmii_tx_data[31:0] and
xgmii_tx_ctrl[3:0], are synchronous to this clock. A slip buffer compensates for the differences in the
xgmii_txclk_156 clock domain and the internal XAUI-based 156.25MHz clock domain.
XGMII timing was shown previously.
Embedded Core Clocks
There are several clocks associated with the interface to the SERDES block. Only SERDES block B is currently
used by the XGXS IP core. Figure 17 and Figure 18 show the transmit and receive interfaces between the FPSC
FPGA core and the embedded core. Only the clock related signals are discussed here. For additional discussion,
see the ORT82G5 Data Sheet.
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10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 17. Embedded Core <-> FPGA Receive Interface
Note: x = [AA, AB, , BD]
40
2:1
MULTIPLEXER
(X 40)
40
MRWDx
XAUI LINK
STATE
MACHINE
(X 10)
RWDx[31:0]
RWBYTESYNC[3:0]
RWCKx
DEMUX
FIFO
1:4
DEMUX
36
MULTI-CHANNEL
ALIGNMENT
RWBIT8X[3:0]
RSYS_CLK_(A1,A2,B1,B2)
CHANNEL ALIGN
RWCKx
4 CHANNELS
MUX
RCK78(A,B)
RCKSLE[1:0]
EMBEDDED CORE
FPGA
REFCLKP_[A:B], REFCLKN_[A:B]
REFCLKP_[A:B] and REFCLKN_[A:B] are differential reference clocks provided to the SERDES block in the
ORT82G5 device. There is a reference clock for each quad SERDES block in the design and it is used as the reference clock for both TX and RX paths. For the XAUI interface, these reference clocks are 156.25MHz.
RWCK[AA:BD]
RWCK[AA:BD] are the low-speed clocks from the embedded core to the FPGA across the core-FPGA interface.
These clocks are derived from the recovered low-speed complementary clocks from the SERDES blocks.
RWCK_BA belongs to Channel BA; RWCK_BB belongs to channel BB and so on. With a reference clock input of
156.25MHz and full rate mode, these clocks operate at 78MHz.
RCK78[A:B]
RCK78[A:B] are muxed outputs of RWCKA[A:D] and RWCKB[B:D] respectively. With a reference clock input of
156.25MHz, these clocks operate at 78MHz. For the XGXS IP core, the mux is set such that RCK78B is supplied
by RWCKBA.
RSYS_CLK_[A:B][1:2]
RSYS_CLK_[A:B][1:2] are inputs to the SERDES quad block A and B respectively from the FPGA. These are used
by each channel as the read clock to read data from the alignment FIFO within the embedded core. Clocks
RSYS_CLK_A[1:2] are used by channels in the SERDES quad block A and RSYS_CLK_B[1:2] by channels in the
SERDES quad block B. To guarantee that there is no overflow in the alignment FIFO, it is a requirement that the
write and read clocks are synchronous. The recommended clocking strategy is to use RCK78B from the core and
feed it to RSYS_CLK_B[1:2].
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10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 18. Embedded Core <-> Transmit Interface
Note: x = [AA, AB, , BD]
SERDES
BLOCK
MUX BLOCK
K-CONTROL
STBDx[8]
8B/10B
ENCODER
GROUND
STBDx[9]
PLL
STBC311x
TWDx[31:0]
32
FIFO
9
PARALLEL
TO SERIAL
(X 9)
10
DATA BYTE
8 STBDx[7:0]
TCOMMAx[3:0]
4
TSYS_CLK_X
RWCKx
DIVIDE
BY 4
TCK78(A,B)
4 CHANNELS
MUX
TCKSLE[1:0]
EMBEDDED CORE
FPGA
TSYS_CLK[AA,...BD]
TSYS_CLK[AA,...BD] are inputs to the SERDES quad block A and B respectively from the FPGA. These clocks are
used by each channel to control the timing of the Transmit Data Path. The recommended clocking strategy is to use
TCK78B from the core and feed it to TSYS_CLK_BA, TSYS_CLK_BB, TSYS_CLK_BC and TSYS_CLK_BD.
TCK78[A:B]
Each of TCK78[A:B] is a muxed output of one of the four clocks operating at up to 78MHz in the embedded core to
the FPGA across the core-FPGA interface. There is one clock output per SERDES quad block. TCK78B is wired to
TSYS_CLK_[BA-BD]. For the XGXS IP core, the TCK78B mux should be set such that TCK78B is supplied by the
clock source for channel BA.
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10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
XGXS Core Design Flow
The XGXS IP Core can be implemented using various methods. Figure 19 illustrates the software flow model used
when evaluating with the XGXS-XGMII core.
Figure 19. Lattice IP Core Evaluation Flow
Start
Install and launch ispLEVER software
Obtain desired IP package (download
Core Evaluation package or purchase
IP package)
Install IP package
Simulation
Model
IP Core Netlist
Perform functional simulation with
the provided core model
Synthesize top-level design with the
IP black box declaration
Place and route the design
Run static timing analysis
Done
Functional Simulation under ModelSim (PC Platform)
Once the XGXS core has been downloaded and unzipped to the designated directory, the core is ready for evaluation. The RTL simulation environment contains a testbench and a simple application that uses the XGXS design.
The application instantiates the XGXS core, an ORCA ORT82G5 module and an ORCA SYSBUS module. The
module name of the application is called “xgxs_top_xgmii”. The testbench includes a basic XGMII driver, a SMI
driver, and an instantiation of the “xgxs_top_xgmii” application. The SERDES outputs are looped externally back to
the SERDES inputs in this testbench. The XGMII driver sends 25 normal CRPAT packets. The reception of packets
is monitored internally by the pattern monitoring function and is queried using the SMI interface. The XGMII driver
then sends 30 CRPAT packets of which 20 are errored. These are monitored and also queried through the SMI
interface. The SMI interface is used to control the FPSC/FPGA application registers and to query results stored
there and it reports to the ModelSim transcript.
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10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
A simulation script file is provided in the “eval\simulation” directory for RTL simulation. The script file run_eval.bat
uses precompiled models provided with this package. The XGXS design and testbench models have been compiled into the work directory in directory “eval\simulation”. The ORCA ORT82G5 and SYSBUS models have been
provided in the directory “eval\lib\modelsim” as tar.gz archives (ort82g5_work.tar.gz and sysbus_work.tar.gz).
These files should be unarchived into the directory “eval\lib\modelsim” creating two compiled work directories
“eval\lib\modelsim\ort82g5_work and “eval\lib\modelsim\sysbus_work”.
Simulation Procedures
1. Go to directory “eval\simulation”.
2. Type run_eval.bat
For more information on the use of ModelSim, please refer to the ModelSim User’s Manual. Note that the pre-compiled ORT82G5 simulation models provided in this IP evaluation package do not work with the OEM version of
ModelSim embedded in the ispLEVER® software. The full, licensed version of ModelSim is required to run this simulation.
Core Implementation
Lattice’s XGXS evaluation package includes a XGXS user application and scripts for synthesizing, mapping and
routing the XGXS IP solution.
The XGXS evaluation package includes the following components:
• Basic XGXS IP core, including SMI and packet generator/checker functions;
• Verilog module that instantiates the ORT82G5 component;
• Verilog module that instantiates the ORCA4 SYSBUS with User Master component, providing a Motorola Power
PC interface to the core’s register interface;
• Verilog module that instantiates the DDR interface components.
This evaluation package is illustrated in Figure 20. The following Verilog files are provided:
• xgxs_define.v for XGXS parameters (Note: This file and all IP parameter files must not be modified in any
way. If this file is modified, this IP core may not run at specification);
• xgbe_xgxs_o4_1_002.v for the XGXS core;
• xgmii_io_if.v for the DDR interface;
• ORT82G5_INTF.v for the ORT82G5 module;
• xgxs_sysbus.v for the SYSBUS module;
• xgxs_clk_tx.v for the Tx Clk PLL;
• xgxs_clk_mx2.v for FPGA/FPSC PLLs;
• ring_osc.nmc for a ring oscillator macro to drive um_clk;
• xgxs_top_xgmii.v for top-level module that ties all the application components together.
The XGXS Core is delivered as a gate-level netlist (xgbe_xgxs_o4_1_002.ngo). Note that this file and all IP parameter files must not be modified in any way. If this file is modified, this IP core may not run at specification. Users can
compile the entire design shown in Figure 20 to realize a turnkey solution, or instantiate the XGXS Core as a block
box together with any of the other blocks shown and/or their own designs, to realize a unique system-level project.
Users may use xgxs_top_xgmii.v as a template for their own application.
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Lattice Semiconductor
10Gb Ethernet XGXS IP Core User’s Guide
Figure 20. XGXS Top-Level Application
XGXS Application
XGXS Core
ORT82G5
Model
ORCA 4
sysBUS
Model
Verilog
DDR Module
PLLs
Implementing a design in an ORT82G5 device requires Lattice ispLEVER software and an ORT82G5 FPSC
Design Kit. For more information, contact your local Lattice sales representative or visit the Lattice web site at
www.latticesemi.com.
Black Box Considerations
Since the core is delivered as a gate-level netlist, the synthesis software will not re-synthesize the internal nets of
the core. For more information regarding Synplify’s black box declaration, please refer to the Instantiating Black
Boxes in the Verilog section of the Synplify Reference Manual.
Synthesis
The following sections provide procedures for synthesizing the XGXS IP solution with the Synplicity Synplify and
Leonardo Spectrum synthesis tools, which are included in Lattice’s ispLEVER software. These procedures generate an EDIF netlist containing the XGXS core as a black box.
Synthesis Using Synplicity Synplify
To synthesize the XGXS solution using Synplicity Synplify in one step, go to the directory “eval\synthesis\orca4\synplicity\config1” and enter “runsyn.bat”. A top-level EDIF for the application will be produced. Users
may use runsyn.bat as a guide and template if they are creating their own unique system-level project.
The following step-by-step procedure may also be executed. Note that results may vary from those obtained with
the scripted run due to small differences in options.
1. Create a new working directory for synthesis.
2. Launch the Synplify synthesis tool.
3. Start a new project and add the specified files in the following order:
eval\source\synplicity\orca4_synplify.v
eval\source\xgxs_define.v
eval\source\ring_osc.v
eval\source\synplicity\xgxs_clk_mx2.v
eval\source\synplicity\xgxs_clk_tx.v
eval\source\synplicity\xgxs_sys_bus.v
eval\source\synplicity\ORT82G5_INTF.v
eval\source\synplicity\xgmii_io_if.v
eval\source\xgbe_xgxs_o4_1_002.v
eval\source\synplicity\xgxs_top_xgmii.v
eval\synthesis\orca4\synplicity\config1\xgxs_top.sdc
4. In the Implementation Options select target device Lattice ORCA Series 4.
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5. Specify an EDIF netlist filename and EDIF netlist output location in the Implementation Options. This top-level
EDIF netlist will be used during Place and Route.
6. In the Implementation Options, set the following:
Fanout guide: 1000
Enable FSM Compiler
Set the global frequency constraint to 160MHz.
7. Select run.
Synthesis Using LeonardoSpectrum
To synthesize the XGXS solution in LeonardoSpectrum in one step, go to the directory “eval\synthesis\orca4\exemplar\config1” and enter “runsyn.bat”. A top-level EDIF for the application will be produced. Users may use runsyn.bat as a guide and template if they are creating their own unique system-level project.
The following step-by-step procedure may also be executed. Note that results may vary from those obtained with
the scripted run due to small differences in options.
The step-by-step procedure provided below describes how to run synthesis using LeonardoSpectrum.
1. Create a new working directory for synthesis.
2. Launch the LeonardoSpectrum synthesis tool.
3. Start a new project and select Lattice device technology ORCA-4E.
4. Select Input tab, set the Working Directory path pointed to the source directory.
5. Open the specified files in the following order:
eval\source\exemplar\orca4_leonardo.v
eval\source\xgxs_define.v
eval\source\ring_osc.v
eval\source\exemplar\xgxs_clk_mx2.v
eval\source\exemplar\xgxs_clk_tx.v
eval\source\exemplar\xgxs_sys_bus.v
eval\source\exemplar\ORT82G5_INTF.v
eval\source\exemplar\xgmii_io_if.v
eval\source\xgbe_xgxs_o4_1_002.v
eval\source\exemplar\xgxs_top_xgmii.v
6. Select “xgxs_top.xgmii.v”. Click the right mouse button and select “Make xgxs_top_xgmii.v Top of the Design”
from the list.
7. In the Constraints tab, set Clock Frequency as 156MHz.
8. Set the synthesis directory, created in step 1, as the path where you would like to save the output netlist.
9. Specify an EDIF netlist filename for the output file. This top-level EDIF netlist will be used during Place and
Route.
10. Click on the Advanced Flow Tabs icon.
a. In the Technology tab, check the Manual GSR box and fill “reset_n” in the Signal entry box.
b. In the Input Tab, specify “eval/source” directory in the Input File Search text box.
11. Select Run Flow
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Place and Route
Once the EDIF netlist is generated, the next step is to map, place and route the design. To map, place and route
the entire XGXS solution in one step, Go to the directory “par\orca4\config1” and type runpar.bat. This script will
process the EDIF file to map, place and route the XGXS IP solution.
The step-by-step procedure provided below may also be followed. Note that results may vary from those obtained
with the scripted run due to small differences in options.
Once the EDIF netlist is generated, import the EDIF into the Project Navigator. The ispLEVER software automatically detects the provided EDIF netlist of the instantiated IP core in the design. The step-by-step procedure provided below describes how to perform Place and Route in ispLEVER for an ORCA device:
1. Create a new working directory for Place and Route.
2. Start a new project, assign a project name and select the project type as EDIF.
3. Select the ORT82G5 target device, with -3 speed grade and BM680 package.
4. Copy the following files to the Place and Route working directory:
a) eval\par\xgbe_xgxs_o4_1_002.ngo
b) eval\par\xgxs_top_exemplar.prf if the EDIF was generated using LeonardoSpectrum or
eval\par\xgxs_top_synplicity.prf if the EDIF was generated using Synplicity Synplify
c) eval\source\ring_osc.nmc
d) The top-level EDIF netlist generated from running synthesis
5. Rename the .prf file (in step 4) to match the project name. For example, if the project name is “demo”, then the
.prf file must be renamed to demo.prf. The preference file name must match that of the project name.
6. Import the EDIF netlist into the project.
7. In the ispLEVER Project Navigator, select Tools->Timing Checkpoint Options. The Timing Checkpoint Options
window will pop-up. In both Checkpoint Options, select Continue.
8. In the ispLEVER Project Navigator, highlight Place & Route Design, with a right mouse click select Properties.
Set the following Properties:
• Placement Iterations: 1
• Placement Save Best Run: 1
• Placement Iteration Start Point: 1 if the EDIF was generated using Synplify, or 1 if the EDIF was generated using
LeonardoSpectrum
• Routing Resource Optimization: 1
• Routing Delay Reduction Passes: 6
• Routing Passes: 25
• Placement Effort Level: 5
All other options remain at their default values.
9. Select the Place & Route Trace Report in the project navigator to execute Place and Route and generate a timing report for ORCA.
10. Highlight Place & Route TRACE Report, with a right mouse click and select Force One Level. A new timing
report is generated.
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Note that timing results may change under different versions of synthesis tools or releases of ispLEVER. If this is
the case, multiple placement iterations would need to be run to achieve zero timing errors. Multiple placement iterations are run by increasing the “Placement Iterations” value.
Reference Information
The XGXS IP core solution is compliant with IEEE 802.3ae except where specifically noted. A complete description
of XGXS functionality is given in the specification document.
Additional information on implementing this solution is contained in the following documents:
• ORCA ORT42G5 and ORT82G5 Data Sheet
• ORCA Series 4 FPGAs Data Sheet
These documents are available on the Lattice Semiconductor web site at www.latticesemi.com.
Technical Support Assistance
Hotline: 1-800-LATTICE (North America)
+1-408-826-6002 (Outside North America)
e-mail: [email protected]
Internet: www.latticesemi.com
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