MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI General Description The MAX8930 integrates a charge pump for white LED display backlighting with ambient light control (ALC) feature. The high-efficiency, adaptive-mode 1x/-0.5x charge pump drives up to 11 LEDs (8 WLEDs + RGB LED) with constant current for uniform brightness. The LED current is adjustable from 0.1mA to 25.6mA in 256 linear steps through I2C. High accuracy and LED-to-LED current matching are maintained throughout the adjustment range. The MAX8930 includes soft-start, thermal shutdown, open-circuit, and short-circuit protection. Three 200mA LDOs are provided with programmable output voltages to provide power to external circuitry. These three LDOs can also be configured for a GPO function through the I2C. A step-up converter is also available on the MAX8930 for biasing a PMOLED subpanel. The MAX8930 is available in the 49-bump, 3.17mm x 3.17mm WLP package. Simplified Application Circuit INPUT INPUT 2.7V TO 5.5V INPUT 1.7V TO 5.5V PV1 WLED1 PV2 WLED2 PV3 WLED3 PV5 WLED4 PV4 WLED5 BIAS WLED6 Features S White LED Charge Pump S Adaptive 1x or -0.5x Negative Modes S 11 Low-Dropout LED Current Sinks with 25.6mA to 0.1mA in 256 Dimming Steps S Ramp-Up/Down Control for Main White LED S Ramp-Up/Down Control for RGB LED S Individual Brightness Control for Each White, RGB LED S Low 240µA (typ) Quiescent Current S Ambient Light Control (ALC) for Any Type of Light Sensor S Content Adaptive Interface S I2C-Compatible Control Interface S Three Programmable LDOs Up to 200mA S Step-Up DC-DC Converter with Programmable Output for PMOLED Application S Low 0.1µA Shutdown Current S 2.7V to 5.5V Supply Voltage Range S Thermal Shutdown S Open and Short-Circuit Protection Applications Cell Phones and Smartphones PDAs, Digital Cameras, Camcorders, and Other Portable Equipment WLED7 INPUT LIGHT SENSOR Ordering Information WLED8 SENSE MAX8930 RLED GLED BLED KEY µP LDO1 LDO2 LDO3 OUT REFBP VDD TEMP RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX8930EWJ+ -40NC to +85NC 49 WLP 0.4mm pitch +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. CHG SCL SDA EN CAI PLAYR PLAYG PLAYB PART 2.3V TO 3.1V, 200mA 2.3V TO 3.1V, 200mA 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, 200mA 13V TO 16.5V Typical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet. FILT For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at www.maximintegrated.com. 19-4921; Rev 0; 3/10 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS LX, OUT to PGND3................................................-0.3V to +22V KEY to AGND............................................-0.3V to (VPV3 + 0.3V) Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70NC) 49-Pin WLP 3.17mm x 3.17mm (derate 20mW/NC above +70NC)................................1600mW Operating Temperature Range........................... -40NC to +85NC Junction Temperature......................................................+150NC Storage Temperature Range............................. -65NC to +150NC Soldering Temperature (reflow).......................................+260NC PV_, VDD, EN, CAI, PLAY_, BIAS, SENSE, REFBP, ECAGND to AGND..................-0.3V to +6.0V PV_, VDD, PGND_, AGND to NEG........................-0.3V to +6.0V ECAGND, PGND_ to AGND..................................-0.3V to +0.3V WLED_, RGB_, C1N, C2N, C1P, C2P to NEG..........-0.3V to (VPV1 + VPV2 + VPV3 + 0.3V) FILT to AGND........................................... -0.3V to (VPV3 + 0.3V) SCL, SDA to AGND................................... -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) LDO_ to AGND............................. -0.3V to (VPV3 + VPV4 + 0.3V) SW to PGND3........................................... -0.3V to (VPV5 + 0.3V) Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VPV_ = VEN = VDD = 3.7V, VPGND_ and VAGND = 0V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS PV1, PV2, PV3, PV5 Operating Voltage Undervoltage Lockout Threshold MIN 2.7 VPV1, VPV2, VPV3, VPV5 rising 2.25 UVLO Hysteresis VDD Operating Range VDD is supply voltage for I2C input block only; all other logic is supplied from PV_ PV_ Shutdown Supply Current 1 (All Outputs Off, I2C Disabled) EN = AGND, VDD = 0V PV_ Shutdown Supply Current 2 (All Outputs Off, I2C Enabled) VDD = VPV3, EN = AGND VDD Shutdown Threshold VDD falling, hysteresis = 50mV V 2.65 V mV 1.7 5.5 V 1.7 5.5 V TA = +25NC 0.1 TA = +85NC 0.1 TA = +25NC 2 TA = +85NC 2 10 FA FA 1.65 V 400 FA -0.5x mode, 4MHz switching, each ILED_ = 0.1mA, ALC off, ILDO = 0mA, step-up Io = 0mA at VPV3 = 2.7V (Note 2) 6.8 2.5V P VPV3 P 5.5V 1.15 1 1.4 REFBP Supply Rejection 2 5.5 240 0FA P IREFBP P 1FA Thermal Shutdown Hysteresis UNITS 1x mode, no load, ALC off, step-up off, ILDO_ = 0mA Reference Bypass (REFBP) Output Voltage Thermal Shutdown 2.45 MAX 100 PV4 Operating Voltage Supply Current TYP 1.164 mA 1.200 1.236 V 0.2 5 mV +160 NC 20 NC Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI I2C INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX 0.7 x VDD UNITS SDA, SCL Input High Voltage VDD = 1.7V to 5.5V V SDA, SCL Input Low Voltage VDD = 1.7V to 5.5V SDA, SCL Input Current VIL = 0V or VIH = 5.5V, VDD = 5.5V SDA Output Low Voltage ISDA = 3mA, for acknowledge (Note 3) Clock Frequency (Note 3) 100 Bus-Free Time Between START and STOP tBUF (Note 3) 1.3 Hold Time Repeated START Condition tHD,STA (Note 3) 0.6 0.1 Fs SCL Low Period tLOW (Note 3) 1.3 0.2 Fs SCL High Period tHIGH (Note 3) 0.6 0.2 Fs Setup Time Repeated START Condition tSU,STA (Note 3) 0.6 0.1 Fs 0.3 x VDD TA = +25NC 0.01 TA = +85NC 0.1 0.03 1 V FA 0.4 V 400 kHz Fs SDA Hold Time tHD,DAT (Note 3) 0 0.01 Fs SDA Setup Time tSU,DAT (Note 3) 100 50 ns Setup Time for STOP Condition tSU,STO (Note 3) 0.6 0.1 Fs MIN TYP CHARGE PUMP CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS MAX UNITS Switching Frequency 4 MHz Pump Soft-Start Time 0.5 ms 5 V Charge-Pump Regulation Voltage (and OVP) VPV1, VPV2 - VNEG Open-Loop NEG Output Resistance (0.5 x (VPV1 or VPV2) - VNEG)/INEG Guaranteed Output Current LED VFMAX = 3.9V, VPV1 = VPV2 = 3.2V NEG Discharge Resistance in Shutdown All LEDs off Maxim Integrated 4.3 1.3 281 2.49 I mA 10 kI 3 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI CURRENT SINK DRIVER CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER Current Setting Range CONDITIONS WLED1–WLED8, RGB programmable by I2C MIN TYP 0.1 MAX UNITS 25.6 mA 0 (default) 0.016 WLED_, RGB Ramp-Up/RampDown Time 0.064 Main WLED_ and RGB ramp-up/ramp-down in 0.1mA increments; 8 steps are programmable through I2C; ramp-up and ramp-down times are set separately ms/ 0.1mA 0.128 0.256 0.512 1.024 2.048 WLED_, RGB Current Accuracy WLED_, RGB Current Matching WLED_, RGB RDSON -2.5 25.6mA setting, TA = +25NC 0.1mA setting, TA = +25NC -50 WLED1–WLED8, RGB (Note 4) Q10 +50 5 10 1x mode 2.68 -0.5x mode 4.12 WLED_, RGB Current Regulator Dropout Voltage 25.6mA setting (Note 5) WLED_, RGB Current Regulator Switchover Threshold (1x to -0.5x) VLED falling 1x mode 62 120 TA = -40NC 62 150 95 200 150 175 -0.5x mode 125 100 All LEDs off TA = +25NC 0.01 TA = +85NC 0.1 % % I TA = 0NC to +85NC WLED_, RGB Current Regulator Switchover Hysteresis WLED_, RGB Leakage in Shutdown +2.5 mV mV mV 5 FA LDO1 CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS Output Voltage VLDO1 (Default) 200mA at VPV3 = 3.6V Programmable Output Voltage ILDO1 = 50mA Output Current Current Limit VLDO1 = 90% of nominal regulation voltage (Note 3) MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2.522 2.231 2.425 2.522 2.619 2.716 2.813 2.910 3.007 200 2.6 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 2.678 2.369 2.575 2.678 2.781 2.884 2.987 3.090 3.193 V 250 475 750 mA 300 V mA Dropout Voltage ILDO1 = 200mA, TA = +25NC 120 Line Regulation 3.4V P VPV3_ P 5.5V, ILDO1 = 150mA 2.4 mV Load Regulation 1mA < ILDO1 < 200mA 25 mV 4 mV Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI LDO1 CHARACTERISTICS (continued) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS Power-Supply Rejection DVLDO1/DVPV3 f = 10Hz to 10kHz, ILDO1 = 10mA, CLDO1 = 1FF 60 dB Output Noise Voltage (RMS) f = 100Hz to 100kHz, ILDO1 = 10mA, CLDO1 = 1FF 45 FVRMS Minimum Output Capacitor ILDO1 < 200mA 1 Startup Time from Shutdown ILDO1 = 150mA (Note 3) 40 100 Fs Startup Transient Overshoot ILDO1 = 150mA (Note 3) 3 50 mV Shutdown Output Impedance LDO1 disabled through I2C (default on) 1 FF kI LDO2 CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS Output Voltage VLDO2 (Default) 200mA at VPV3 = 3.6V Programmable Output Voltage ILDO2 = 50mA Output Current Current Limit VLDO2 = 90% of nominal regulation voltage (Note 4) MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2.813 2.231 2.425 2.522 2.619 2.716 2.813 2.910 3.007 200 2.9 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 2.987 2.369 2.575 2.678 2.781 2.884 2.987 3.090 3.193 V 250 475 750 mA 300 V mA Dropout Voltage ILDO2 = 200mA, TA = +25NC 120 Line Regulation 3.4V P VPV3_ P 5.5V, ILDO2 = 150mA 1mA < ILDO2 < 200mA 2.4 mV 25 mV f = 10Hz to 10kHz, ILDO2 = 10mA, CLDO2 = 1FF 60 dB 45 FVRMS Minimum Output Capacitor f = 100Hz to 100kHz, ILDO2 = 10mA, CLDO2 = 1FF ILDO2 < 200mA Startup Time from Shutdown ILDO2 = 150mA (Note 3) 40 100 Fs Startup Transient Overshoot ILDO2 = 150mA (Note 3) 3 50 mV Shutdown Output Impedance LDO2 disabled through I2C (default on) 1 Load Regulation Power-Supply Rejection DVLDO2/DVPV3 Output Noise Voltage (RMS) Maxim Integrated 1 mV FF kI 5 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI LDO3 CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN MAX UNITS 5.5 V 1.80 1.854 V 1.2 1.5 1.236 1.545 1.764 1.80 1.854 2.425 2.5 2.575 200 mA 250 475 750 mA 300 mV Input Operating Range VPV4 Output Voltage VLDO3 200mA at VPV4 = 2.4V 1.764 VPV4 = 1.8V, ILDO3 = 50mA 1.164 1.455 TYP 1.7 Programmable Output Voltage VPV4 = 3.7V, ILDO3 = 50mA Output Current V Current Limit VLDO3 = 90% of nominal regulation voltage (Note 4) Dropout Voltage 120 Line Regulation ILDO3 = 200mA, TA = +25NC 2.4V P VPV4 P 5.5V, ILDO3 = 150mA 2.4 mV Load Regulation 1mA < ILDO3 < 200mA 25 mV Power-Supply Rejection DVLDO3/DVPV4 f = 10Hz to 10kHz, ILDO3 = 10mA, CLDO3 = 2.2FF 60 dB 75 FVRMS Minimum Output Capacitor f = 100Hz to 100kHz, ILDO3 = 10mA, CLDO3 = 2.2FF 0FA < I LDO3 < 200mA (Note 3) Startup Time from Shutdown ILDO3 = 150mA (Note 3) 100 250 Fs Startup Transient Overshoot ILDO3 = 150mA (Note 3) 3 50 mV Shutdown Output Impedance LDO3 disabled through I2C (default on) 1 Output Noise Voltage (RMS) 2.2 FF kI STEP-UP CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP Input Operating Range VPV5 Line Regulation VOUT = 14V, IOUT = 5mA, VPV5 = 2.7V to 5.5V 0.1 Load Regulation VOUT = 14V, IOUT = 0mA to 5mA, VPV5 = 3.7V 0.1 2.7 5.5 LX Voltage Range LX Switch Current Limit 192 %/mA V mA 241 289 2 TA = +85NC 0.1 Isolation pMOS RDS(ON) VPV5 = 2.7V, ISW = 100mA 1.5 pMOS Rectifier RDS(ON) Isolation pMOS Current Limit LX to OUT, VPV5 = 3.7V, ILX = 100mA VPV5 = 3.7V, VSW = 0V 4.0 Isolation pMOS Leakage Current SW = PGND3, VPV5 = 5.5V SW Soft-Start Time VPV5 = 2.7V nMOS RDS(ON) VPV5 = 3.7V, ILX = 100mA 0.15 2.4 0.3 0.6 0.01 1 TA = +85NC 0.1 0.2 0.9 I 1.5 A FA ms I 14 Fs Minimum LX Off-Time VOUT > 12V 1.6 2 2.4 Fs OVP Threshold No feedback, VOUT rising 17.6 18.5 19.4 V OVP Threshold Hysteresis 6 11 FA I TA = +25NC 8 V 20 0.01 LX Leakage Current UNITS %/V TA = +25NC VLX = 20V, step-up converter disabled Maximum LX On-Time MAX 1 V Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI STEP-UP CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS (continued) PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN Current Limit Propagation Delay (LX) Output Voltage Accuracy Programmable Output Voltage TYP MAX 55 VPV5 = 3.7V, IOUT = 0mA TA = 0NC to +85NC TA = -40NC ns -2 +2 -2.5 +2.5 13.0 13.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 15.5 16.0 16.5 VPV5 = 3.7V, IOUT = 0mA UNITS % V AMBIENT LIGHT SENSOR INTERFACE PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS 2.85 3.0 3.15 V BIAS Output Current IBAIS = 200FA, VPV3 = 3.2V to 5.5V VBIAS = 3.0V Q5% 30 mA BIAS Dropout Voltage IBIAS = 10mA (Note 3) 125 250 mV VBIAS x 255/256 V 1.5 kI BIAS Output Voltage SENSE Input Voltage Range 0 BIAS Discharge Resistance in Shutdown 1.0 ADC Resolution 8 Bit ADC Integral Nonlinearity Error -3 +3 LSB ADC Differential Nonlinearity Error -1 +1 LSB SENSE Input Impedance 1 TA = +25NC (Note 3) Bit 0 = 0 in 02h register Waiting Time for ADC Movement VBIAS = 3V After ALCEN = 1 Bit = 1 in 02h register MI 32 ms 64 (default) ms KEY CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS Low-Level Output Voltage ISINK = 1mA High-Level Output Voltage ISOURCE = 1mA MIN TYP UNITS 0.4 V 1.8 V TA = +25NC 0.01 nMOS Output Leakage Current At complementary output, VPV3 = 3.7V (Note 6) TA = +85NC 0.1 pMOS Output Leakage Current At complementary output, VPV3 = 3.7V (Note 6) TA = +25NC 0.01 TA = +85NC 0.1 Maxim Integrated MAX 1 1 FA FA 7 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI CAI CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP PWM Low-Level Input Voltage PWM High-Level Input Voltage MAX UNITS 0.4 V 1.4 PWM Dimming Frequency CFILT = 0.1FF (Note 3) Current Dimming Range Duty cycle = 0% to 100% (Note 3) 0.1 PWM Dimming Resolution 1% P duty cycle P 100% (Note 3) CAI Enable Blanking Time (tB) Time from CAI enable until dimming control switches to CAI input (Note 4) Input Leakage Current CAI = GND or VCAI = 3.7V V 0.2 0 15 25.6 kHz mA 0.256 mA/% 10 ms TA = +25NC 0.1 TA = +85NC 1 1 FA GPO (OPEN-DRAIN OUTPUT) CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER Low-Level Output Voltage Output Leakage Current CONDITIONS MIN TYP ISINK = 1mA VLDO__ = 2.6V TA = +25NC 0.1 TA = +85NC 1 MAX UNITS 0.2 V FA EN CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP Low-Level Input Voltage High-Level Input Voltage Input Leakage Current MAX UNITS 0.4 V 1.4 VEN = 0V or 3.7V V TA = +25NC 0.1 TA = +85NC 1 1 FA PLAYR/PLAYG/PLAYB CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP Low-Level Input Voltage High-Level Input Voltage MAX UNITS 0.4 V 1.4 V ON/OFF PWM Frequency (Note 3) 2 PLAY_ Minimum High Time PLAY_ active high (Bit 1 = low in Register 20h) (Note 3) 80 Fs PLAY_ Minimum Low Time PLAY_ active low (Bit 1= high in Register 20h) (Note 3) 80 Fs Pulldown Resistor to AGND 8 200 800 Hz kI Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI CHG PIN CHARACTERISTICS PARAMETER CONDITIONS Low-Level Voltage MIN TYP MAX UNITS 0.05 0.2 V TA = +25NC 0.1 1 TA = +85NC 1 ICHG = 5mA Leakage Current VCHG = 3.7V FA Limits are 100% production tested at TA = +25NC. Limits over the operating temperature range are guaranteed by design. 0.1mA LED load current is not included. Guaranteed by design. Not production tested. LED current matching is defined as: (IMAX - IMAX)/25.6mA. Matching is for LEDs within the RGB group (RLED, GLED, BLED) or the white LED group (WLED1–WLED8). Note 5: Dropout voltage is defined as the LED_ to AGND voltage at which current into LED_ drops 10% from the value at VLED_ = 0.5V at 1x mode. Note 6: VKEY = 0V when pulling low, leakage current from PV3. VKEY = 3.7V when pulling high, leakage current is to GND. Note Note Note Note 1: 2: 3: 4: Typical Operating Characteristics (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) 70 60 50 80 70 60 50 40 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 1.6mA/LED 3.0 70 60 20.8mA/LED 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 4.2 3.9 16mA/LED 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.0 Li+ BATTERY VOLTAGE (V, TIME-WEIGHTED) WLED—CHARGE PUMP INACTIVE MAX8930 toc06 0.0265 ILED_ = 25.6mA 0.0264 0.0263 LED CURRENT (A) 80 20.8mA/LED 1.6mA/LED 6.4mA/LED WLED CURRENT MATCHING vs. INPUT VOLTAGE MAX8930 toc04 EFFICIENCY PLED /PBATT (%) 100 50 60 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) EFFICIENCY vs. Li+ BATTERY VOLTAGE DRIVING 6 MISMATCHED LEDs 6.4mA/LED 70 40 2.5 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 90 80 MAX8930 toc05 3.5 16mA/LED 90 50 40 3.0 2.5 100 MAX8930 toc03 90 EFFICIENCY (%) 80 ILED_ = 1.6mA, 6.4mA, 16mA, 20.8mA EFFICIENCY vs. Li+ BATTERY VOLTAGE DRIVING 6 MATCHED LEDs EFFICIENCY PLED /PBATT (%) ILED_ = 1.6mA, 6.4mA, 16mA, 20.8mA 90 EFFICIENCY (%) 100 MAX8930 toc01 100 WLED EFFICIENCY vs. INPUT VOLTAGE, 6 MISMATCHED WLEDS MAX8930 toc02 WLED EFFICIENCY vs. INPUT VOLTAGE, 6 MATCHED WLEDS VPV_ = 3.8V, ILED_ = 25.6mA 0.0262 VC1P 0V 0.0261 VC1N 0V 0.0258 VC2P 0V 0.0257 VC2N 0V VNEG 0V 0.0260 0.0259 0.0256 0.0255 0.0254 40 4.2 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.0 Li+ BATTERY VOLTAGE (V, TIME-WEIGHTED) Maxim Integrated 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 100ns/div INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 9 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) WLED—DIMMING CURRENT TRANSIENT WITH SLOPE CONTROL WLED—CHARGE PUMP ACTIVE MAX8930 toc07 VC1P MAX8930 toc08 2V/div 0V VC1N 0V 2V/div VC2P 2V/div 0V VPV_ = 3.8V, ILED = 25.6mA VC2N 0V 2V/div VNEG 20mA ILED1 20mA ILED2 0V 2V/div 0.256ms/0.1mA SLOPE 10ms/div WLED—DIMMING CURRENT TRANSIENT BY I2C WLED—DIMMING CURRENT TRANSIENT BY CAI MAX8930 toc09 MAX8930 toc10 2V/div VCAI 20mA 10mA 10mA/div 20mA ILED2 10mA/div 1mA 100ns/div ILED1 10mA/div 1mA 0mA VSDA 2V/div 0mA 10mA /div ILED1 0mA 10mA 10mA/div ILED2 I2C SETTING = 25.6mA TO 20mA 1ms/div 4ms/div WLED—DIMMING CURRENT TRANSIENT BY CAI AND I2C WLED—DIMMING CURRENT TRANSIENT BY ALC MAX8930 toc11 10mA /div 0mA MAX8930 toc12 2V/div VCAI VSENSE 1V/div 0V 0mA ILED1 20mA/div 0mA 10mA/div ILED1 0mA ILED2 ILED2 I2C SETTING = 20mA 2ms/div 10 20mA/div 0mA 10mA/div 0mA 100ms/div Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) WLED—DIMMING CURRENT TRANSIENT BY ALC WITH SLOPE CONTROL WLED—DIMMING CURRENT TRANSIENT BY ALC AND CAI MAX8930 toc13 VSENSE MAX8930 toc14 1V/div 0V ILED1 ILED2 0.256ms/0.1mA SLOPE VCAI 2V/div 0V VSENSE 2V/div 0mA 20mA/div 0mA ILED1 20mA/div 0mA ILED2 10mA/div 0mA 10mA/div 0mA 100ms/div 100ms/div WLED—LED1 OPEN CIRCUIT, VPV = 3.8V WLED—LED1 OPEN CIRCUIT, VPV = 3.2V MAX8930 toc16 MAX8930 toc15 0V VLED1 0V VLED1 1V/div 1V/div VNEG 0V 2V/div ILED1 VNEG 0V 2V/div ILED1 20mA/div 0mA ILED2 20mA/div 20mA/div 0mA ILED2 20mA/div 0mA 0mA 400µs/div 400µs/div RGB—CURRENT TRANSIENT BY I2C WITH SLOPE CONTROL RGB—PLAY_ ON/OFF TRANSITION, LOGIC-HIGH MAX8930 toc18 MAX8930 toc17 10mA/div IRLED 0.256ms/0.1mA SLOPE 0V 10mA/div IGLED 5V/div 0V VPLAY_ IRLED I2C SETTING = 10mA IGLED 10mA/div 0mA Maxim Integrated 10mA/div IBLED 0mA 0mA 10ms/div 0mA 10mA/div 0mA IBLED 10mA/div 10ms/div 11 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) RGB—PLAY_ ON/OFF TRANSITION, LOGIC-LOW RGB—PLAY_ ON/OFF TRANSITION AND I2C COMING MAX8930 toc19 MAX8930 toc20 5V/div 0V VPLAY_ IRLED IRLED 10mA 10mA/div IGLED 10mA 10mA/div IBLED 10mA 10mA/div 10mA/div I2C SETTING = 10mA 0mA IGLED 10mA/div 0mA 10mA/div IBLED 0mA 10ms/div 10ms/div LDO STARTUP—NO LOAD LDO SHUTDOWN—DEFAULT ACTIVE DISCHARGE ON MAX8930 toc22 MAX8930 toc21 VLDO1 2V/div VLDO1 2V/div 0V 0V 2V/div 2V/div VLDO2 0V 1V/div VLDO3 VLDO2 0V 1V/div VLDO3 0V 0V 2ms/div 10ms/div LDO—LINE TRANSIENT LDO1 LOAD TRANSIENT MAX8930 toc23 MAX8930 toc24 VPV 3.2V 4.2V ILDO1 0mA 150mA VLDO2 VLDO3 100µs/div 200mA/div 0mA VLDO1 AC-COUPLED 50mV/div AC-COUPLED 50mV/div VLDO2 AC-COUPLED 20mV/div AC-COUPLED 50mV/div VLDO3 AC-COUPLED 50mV/div AC-COUPLED 50mV/div VLDO1 12 1V/div 10ms/div Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) LDO2 LOAD TRANSIENT LDO3 LOAD TRANSIENT MAX8930 toc25 MAX8930 toc26 200mA/div 0mA ILDO2 VLDO1 AC-COUPLED 20mV/div VLDO1 AC-COUPLED 20mV/div VLDO2 AC-COUPLED 50mV/div VLDO2 AC-COUPLED 20mV/div VLDO3 AC-COUPLED 20mV/div VLDO3 AC-COUPLED 50mV/div ILDO2 150mA 0mA 200mA/div 0mA 150mA 0mA 10ms/div 10ms/div LDO1 AND LDO2—OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSIENT1 LDO1 AND LDO2—OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSIENT2 MAX8930 toc28 MAX8930 toc27 VLDO1 1V/div 3.0V VLDO1 1V/div 3.0V 2.6V 2.3V 2.9V 2.6V 1V/div VLDO2 2.6V 100ms/div 100ms/div LDO3—OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSIENT1 LDO3—OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSIENT2 MAX8930 toc29 VLDO3 MAX8930 toc30 1.8V 1.8V 1.2V 100ms/div Maxim Integrated 1V/div 3.0V VLDO2 1V/div VLDO3 1V/div 1.2V 100ms/div 13 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) KEY—ON/OFF BY I2C LDO1 SHORT CIRCUIT MAX8930 toc32 MAX8930 toc31 ILDO1 100mA/div 0mA VLDO1 2V/div 0V VLDO2 VSCL 2V/div 0V 2V/div VSDA 0V 2V/div 0V 2V/div VKEY VLDO3 0V 2V/div 0V 1ms/div 400µs/div KEY—ON/OFF BY ALC KEY—ON/OFF BY INTERNAL PWM, NO SLOPE MAX8930 toc33 VSENSE MAX8930 toc34 1V/div 0V VKEY 2V/div 0V VKEY 2V/div 0V I2C: INTERNAL 500kHz, 50% DUTY CYCLE 1ms/div 200ms/div ALC—STARTUP, tWAIT = 64ms ALC—STARTUP, tWAIT = 32ms MAX8930 toc35 VBIAS MAX8930 toc36 2V/div VBIAS 2V/div 0V 0V VSENSE VKEY 2V/div 0V VSENSE 2V/div 0V 1V/div VKEY 1V/div 0V 20ms/div 14 0V 20ms/div Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) STEP-UP EFFICIENCY vs. LOAD CURRENT STEP-UP LOAD REGULATION vs. OUTPUT CURRENT NORMALIZED OUTPUT VOTLAGE 70 50 40 30 20 10 1.02 1.01 1.00 0.99 0.98 0.97 VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 14V 0 VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 14V 0.96 0 2 4 6 8 0 4 6 8 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) STEP-UP SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs. INPUT VOLTAGE STEP-UP SWITCHING FREQUENCY vs OUTPUT CURRENT 200 MAX8930 toc39 180 SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz) 100 80 60 40 20 0 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 VIN = 3.6V, VOUT = 14V 20 IOUT = 5mA, VOUT = 14V 2.5 2 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 120 SWITCHING FREQUENCY (kHz) 1.03 MAX8930 toc40 EFFICIENCY (%) 60 MAX8930 toc38 1.04 MAX8930 toc37 80 0 5.5 0 INPUT VOLTAGE (V) 2 4 STEP-UP SOFT-START 8 STEP-UP LOAD TRANSIENT MAX8930 toc41 VSDA 6 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) MAX8930 toc42 5V/div 0V 10V/div VOUT IOUT 5mA 10mA/div 0V ILX 200mA/div 0A VLX 10V/div AC-COUPLED 100mV/div VOUT 0V 100µs/div Maxim Integrated 10ms/div 15 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VPV_ = VEN = 3.7V, circuit of Figure 1, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) STEP-UP LINE TRANSIENT STEP-UP SWITCHING WAVEFORMS MAX8930 toc43 MAX8930 toc44 4.2V 1V/div VIN AC-COUPLED 200mV/div VOUT 3.2V VLX 10V/div 0V AC-COUPLED 100mV/div VOUT ILX 200mA/div 0A 400µs/div 4µs/div STEP-UP OUTPUT VOLTAGE TRANSIENT STEP-UP OUTPUT OPEN CIRCUIT MAX8930 toc45 16V VOUT MAX8930 toc46 2V/div 10mA/div 0A IOUT 14V VLX 10V/div 0V 2V/div VSDA 0V ILX 200mA/div 0A 400µs/div 100µs/div STEP-UP OUTPUT SHORT CIRCUIT GPO—ON/OFF MODE LDO1, LDO2, LDO3 BY I2C MAX8930 toc48 MAX8930 toc47 10V/div 0V VOUT VLX 10V/div 0V ILX 500mA/div 0A 200µs/div 16 5V/div 0V VSDA VLDO1 LDO MODE GPO MODE 2V/div 0V VLDO2 2V/div 0V VLDO3 2V/div 0V 2ms/div Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Pin Configuration TOP VIEW 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A ECA GND PV3 LDO1 PV2 PV5 SW ECA GND B PV4 LDO3 LDO2 PV1 C1P OUT LX C KEY REFBP EN PGND3 C2P C1N NEG D VDD AGND SDA PGND1 PGND2 C2N WLED1 E FILT SCL PLAYR PLAYG GLED RLED WLED2 F BIAS CAI PLAYB CHG BLED WLED3 WLED4 G ECA GND SENSE WLED8 WLED7 WLED6 WLED5 ECA GND + Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION EXTERNALLY CONNECTED TO PGND A1, A7, G1, G7 ECAGND Connect to AGND POWER INPUT SUPPLY AND POWER GROUND A2 PV3 Supply Voltage Input for Ref, Bias, LDO1, and LDO2. The input voltage range is 2.7V to 5.5V. Bypass PV3 to AGND with a 2.2FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. PV3 is high impedance during shutdown. Connect PV3 to PV1, PV2, and PV5. A4 PV2 Supply Voltage Input. Connect PV2 to PV1. A5 PV5 Supply Voltage Input for the Step-Up Converter. The input voltage range is 2.7V to 5.5V. Bypass PV5 to PGND3 with a 1FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. PV5 is high impedance during shutdown. Connect PV5 to PV1, PV2, and PV3. B1 PV4 Supply Voltage Input for LDO3. The input voltage range is 1.7V to 5.5V. Bypass PV4 to AGND with a 2.2FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. PV4 is high impedance during shutdown. If PV4 is not used separately, connect PV4 to PV1. B4 PV1 Supply Voltage Input for Charge-Pump Circuitry. The input voltage range is 2.7V to 5.5V. Bypass PV1 to PGND1 and PGND2 with a 4.7FF to 10FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. PV1 is high impedance during shutdown. Connect PV1 to PV2, PV3, and PV5. C4 PGND3 Power Ground for the Step-Up Converter D4 PGND1 Power Ground for the Charge-Pump Block D5 PGND2 Power Ground for the Charge-Pump Block Maxim Integrated 17 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Pin Description (continued) PIN NAME FUNCTION LDO FUNCTION A3 LDO1 Output of LDO1. The default value is 2.6V. Bypass LDO1 to AGND with a 1FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. B3 LDO2 Output of LDO2. The default value is 2.9V. Bypass LDO2 to AGND with a 1FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. B2 LDO3 Output of LDO3. The default value is 1.80V. Bypass LDO3 to AGND with a minimum 2.2FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. LOGIC AND ENABLE FUNCTION D1 VDD Logic-Supply Voltage Input. Bypass VDD to AGND with a 0.1FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. The input range is 1.7V to 5.5V. D3 SDA I2C Data Input. Data is read on the rising edge of SCL. Connect a 1.5kI resistor from SDA to VDD. E2 SCL I2C Clock Input. Data is read on the rising edge of SCL. Connect a 1.5kI resistor from SCL to VDD. D2 AGND C3 EN Analog Ground. Connect AGND to the system ground plane. Hardware Enable Input for the IC. Drive EN high to activate the IC. Drive EN low to disable the IC. WLED AND RGB DIMMING RELATED FUNCTION F2 CAI Brightness Control Input by Contents Adaptive Interface (DPWM signal). CAI varies the brightness of main WLEDs from 0% to 100%. The dimming frequency is typically 200Hz. When CAI is used as the main control method for main white LEDs, the ramp-up/ramp-down is automatically disabled. E3 PLAYR On/Off Input for the Red LED Current Regulator. The PLAYR signal can be either active high or active low. Program either active high or active low through the 20h register. E4 PLAYG On/Off Input for the Green LED Current Regulator. The PLAYG signal can be either active high or active low. Program either active high or active low through the 20h register. F3 PLAYB On/Off Input for the Blue LED Current Regulator. The PLAYB signal can be either active high or active low. Program either active high or active low through the 20h register. E1 FILT PWM Filter Capacitor. Connect a 0.1FF ceramic capacitor between FILT and AGND as close as possible to FILT. C1 KEY Key Backlight Control Output. Two threshold values for ON/OFF are available and programmable through the I2C serial interface. KEY on/off function is controlled by the I2C, ALC, or the internal 500Hz PWM signal. Program the settings for KEY through the I2C interface. C2 REFBP 1.20V Reference output. Bypass REFBP to AGND with 0.1FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. Do not load REFBP. AUTOMATIC LUMINANCE CONTROL F1 BIAS G2 SENSE Bias Output for an External Light Sensor. Bypass BIAS to AGND with a 1FF ceramic capacitor as close as possible to the IC. The BIAS output is 3.0V. Input from Ambient Light Sensor. Connect a 5.1kI resistor from SENSE to AGND. CHARGE-PUMP BLOCK 18 B5 C1P Transfer Capacitor 1 Positive Connection. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor from C1P to C1N. C6 C1N Transfer Capacitor 1 Negative Connection. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor from C1P to C1N. C5 C2P Transfer Capacitor 2 Positive Connection. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor from C2P to C2N. C7 NEG Charge-Pump Negative Output. Connect a 1FF to 2.2FF ceramic capacitor from NEG to PGND1. In shutdown, an internal 10kI resistor pulls NEG to PGND. D6 C2N Transfer Capacitor 2 Negative Connection. Connect a 1FF ceramic capacitor from C2P to C2N. Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Pin Description (continued) PIN NAME FUNCTION WLED AND RGB D7 WLED1 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED1 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED1 to the cathodes of external LEDs. WLED1 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED1 to PV3. E7 WLED2 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED2 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED2 to the cathodes of external LEDs. WLED2 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED2 to PV3. F6 WLED3 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED3 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED3 to the cathode of an external WLED. WLED3 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED3 to PV3. F7 WLED4 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED4 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED4 to the cathode of an external LED. WLED4 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED4 to P3. G6 WLED5 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED5 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED5 to the cathode of an external WLED. WLED5 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED5 to either PV3 or disable the regulator. G5 WLED6 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED6 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED6 to the cathode of an external WLED. WLED6 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED6 to either PV3 or disable the regulator. G4 WLED7 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED7 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED7 to the cathode of an external WLED. WLED7 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED7 to either PV3 or disable the regulator. G3 WLED8 WLED Current Sink Regulator. Current into WLED8 is based upon the programmed internal I2C registers. Connect WLED8 to the cathode of an external WLED. WLED8 is high impedance during shutdown. If unused, short WLED8 to either PV3 or disable the regulator. E6 RLED Red LED Connection. The brightness is set up by I2C. ON/OFF is synchronized with the PWM signal applied to PLAYR pin. RLED maximum brightness is enabled/disabled through the serial interface. E5 GLED Green LED Connection. The brightness is set up by I2C. ON/OFF is synchronized with the PWM signal applied to PLAYG pin. GLED maximum brightness is enabled/disabled through the serial interface. F5 BLED Blue LED Connection. The brightness is set up by I2C. ON/OFF is synchronized with the PWM signal applied to PLAYB pin. BLED maximum brightness is enabled/disabled through the serial interface. BOOST CONVERTER B6 OUT Step-Up Converter Output. Bypass OUT to GND with a 1FF ceramic capacitor. During shutdown, OUT is pulled to PGND3 by an internal 1MI resistor. A6 SW Isolation Switch Output for the Step-Up Converter. SW is internally connected to the drain of a p-channel MOSFET and used to isolate the output of the step-up from the input during shutdown. If true shutdown is not required, SW can be left open with the input supply connected directly to the inductor. B7 LX Inductor Switching Connection. Connect the inductor between LX and SW. For most applications, use a 22FH inductor. STATUS INDICATOR F4 Maxim Integrated CHG Charging Status Output. CHG is an open-drain output that goes low when the battery is charging. On/off is operated by I2C. CHG is high impedance when the IC is in shutdown mode. Enable CHG through the I2C interface. 19 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI 1µF 1µF C1P C2P C1N C2N NEG PV2 INPUT 2.7V TO 5.5V 4.7µF 2.2µF PV1 INVERTING -0.5x CHARGE PUMP PGND1 4.7µF PGND2 REFBP 0.1µF OVP 1.7V TO 5.5V OCP 4MHz OSC EN SCL SDA I2C INTERFACE 0.1µF PWM (CONTENT ADAPTIVE INTERFACE) MAIN WLED3 BRIGHTNESS AND SLOPE CONTROL 0.1Hz TO 15kHz CAI WLED2 NEGATIVE CHARGE PUMP AGND FILT INPUT WLED1 BRIGHTNESS AND SLOPE CONTROL VDD 0.1µF TSD WLED4 WLED5 WLED6 SUB WLED7 WLED8 ON/OFF RLED 800kI 800kI 2Hz TO 200Hz NEGATIVE CHARGE PUMP ON/OFF (PLAY/I2C) GLED BLED 800kI PLAYR CHG PLAYG PLAYB ON/OFF PV3 LDO1 LDO1 1µF 2.6V AT 200mA 1µF 2.9V AT 200mA 2.2µF 1.8V AT 200mA ALCEN = 1 BIAS 3VOUT 1µF MAX8930 PV3 LIGHT SENSOR SENSE LDO2 SENSOR ALC INTERFACE LDO2 5.1kI PV4 PV3 LDO3 LDO3 2.2µF INPUT 1.7V TO 5.5V PV4 ON/OFF BY ALC 2.2µF ON/OFF BY I2C PWM (500Hz) PV5 KEY SW 1µF 22µH ON/OFF BY ALC LX OUT ECAGND ECAGND ECAGND OVP 1µF CONTROL LOGIC (PFM) 13V TO 16.5V AT 8mA ERROR AMP ECAGND PGND3 1.226V Figure 1. Typical Application and Block Diagram 20 Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI External Components PIN PV1, PV2, PV3, PV5 EXTERNAL COMPONENTS 10FF Total capacitance R total LDO, boost, and charge-pump capacitance NOTES System stability PV4 2.2FF LDO stability VDD 0.1FF Decoupling BIAS 1FF LDO compensation LDO1 1FF LDO compensation LDO2 1FF LDO compensation LDO3 2.2FF LDO compensation FILT 0.1FF Noise filter REFBP 0.1FF Noise filter C1P, C1N 1FF Charge pump C2P, C2N 1FF Charge pump 2.2FF Charge pump NEG WLED1–WLED8 RLED, GLED, BLED CHG White LED — Red, green, blue LED — A resister, for example 10kI SW, LX 22FH OUT 1FF SENSE ALC 5.1kI Toshiba TPS852 Current limit Boost converter Boost stability Converter ambient light to a voltage Any type (linear/log) of photo IC Note: All output capacitors are ceramic and X7R/X5R type. Maxim Integrated 21 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Detailed Description The MAX8930 integrates a negative charge pump for both white LED display backlighting with ambient light control (ALC) function, content adaptive interface (CAI) function, and R/G/B LED. There is one step-up converter for passive matrix OLED (PMOLED) oriented application and three LDOs with programmable output voltage. The three LDO outputs are able to convert to GPO (generalpurpose output) status through an I2C command. The MAX8930 includes soft-start, thermal shutdown, opencircuit, and short-circuit protection in the charge-pump circuitry. Reset Control The MAX8930 uses two different methods of reset: software and hardware. LED Charge Pump The charge pump drives up to 8 white LEDs (4 WLEDs for main and 4 WLEDs for sub) and 3 RGB LEDs with regulated constant current for both display backlight and fun light applications. By utilizing individually adaptive 1x/-0.5x negative charge-pump modes and extremely low-dropout current regulators, it is able to achieve high efficiency over the full 1-cell lithium battery input voltage range. High-frequency switching of 4MHz allows for tiny external components. The regulation scheme is optimized to ensure low EMI and low input ripple. Each channel for WLED and RGB LED has the capability of delivering 25.6mA with 256 dimming steps (0.1mA per step). The current-level adjustment is programmed by an I2C command. Figure 2 is the flow chart of the startup and mode-change algorithm. Software Reset: All the registers are initiated by RESET = 1 at Register 00h. After that, the values in all registers come back to POR (power-on-reset) state. The bit of RESET in 00h is automatically returned to 0. Auto return to 0. Hardware Reset: Hardware reset is done by toggling EN from logic-high to logic-low. All the registers under hardware reset conditions are returned to their initial values (POR) and stop receiving any commands. Open-Circuit and Short-Circuit Protection If any WLED/RGB fails as an open circuit, that LED pin pulls to ground, and the IC is forced into -0.5X mode. Therefore, connect any unused WLED_/RGB pins to PV1, PV2, or PV3 to disable the corresponding current regulator. The MAX8930 contains special circuitry to detect this condition and disables the corresponding current regulator to avoid wasting battery current. Thermal Shutdown The MAX8930 includes a thermal-limit circuit that shuts down the IC at about +160NC. The part turns on after the IC cools by approximately 20NC. Thermal shutdown is applied to the following blocks: • White and RGB LED driver • Step-up converter SHUTDOWN VNEG DISCHARGED BY RESISTOR RESET = 1 OR EN = 0 OR MAIN WLED = 0 AND WLED5−8 = 0 AND RI2C, GI2C, BI2C = 0 EN = HIGH, RESET = 0 AND MAINI2C = 1, MAIN WLED = 1 OR WLED5−8 = 1 OR RI2C, GI2C, BI2C = 1 PUMP OFF PUMP OFF ALL WLED_ AND RGB IN 1x MODE ANY VLED < 150mV PUMP SOFT-START PUMP GATE-DRIVE RAMPED ALL WLED_ AND RGB IN 1x MODE ALL VLED > 250mV PUMP SOFT-START DONE (0.5ms TYP) PUMP ON PUMP ON EACH WLED_ AND RGB IN 1x OR -0.5x MODE AS NEEDED • LDO1, LDO2, LDO3 • SBIAS 22 Figure 2. Startup and Mode Change Algorithm Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI WLED1–WLED8 Driver Operation The white LED current regulators are composed of 4 main-group drivers (WLED1–WLED4) and 4 subgroup drivers (WLED5–WLED8). The current of the main-group LEDs can be selected by an I2C register. Both ambient light control (ALC) mode and ramp-up/ramp-down control are applied to only the main-group white LEDs. The subgroup LEDs can choose either individual control or can belong to the main group based on the status of a bit in the register (01h and 02h). In this function, combinations can be adjusted as required. For example, main 4ch + sub 4ch or main 5ch + sub 3ch. The CAI (PWM) signal from either the LCD driver module or baseband chipset controls only the main-group WLEDS. The up/down slope control can be programmed by the setting of the 0Ah register when the main LEDs are controlled by either I2C or ALC. For main LEDs, there are three different dimming control methods, I2C, ALC, and CAI. The dimming range for main LEDs and sub LEDs is from 0.1mA to 25.6mA in 0.1mA increments. RGB Driver Operation The brightness for each color LED has 256 different steps (0.1mA to 25.6mA). The RGB LED can be activated by either the high/low status of the PLAY_ PWM signal or by I2C ON/OFF command. The default dimming control is I2C command. An I2C command for dimming can adjust the current of each RGB individually. The operation of ON/OFF by I2C command also allows individual control. However, the operation of ON/OFF by PWM to PLAY_ RGB is group control. To operate with either an active-high or active-low signal coming from the microprocessor such as audio processor, the register related to active high or active low should be selected first (the bit 1 in 20h). When a call comes in or music plays, all RGB LEDs are allowed to be activated by either a PWM signal applied to PLAY_ or a designated register by I2C. The main purpose for the PLAY_ is for ON/OFF control function and not for dimming control. If the dimming current is set to 10mA on each RGB LED, the PWM signal to PLAY_ RGB turns all of the current regulators on or off at the same time. However, the dimming current for RGB can be set by I2C command during ON/OFF operation. When the PLAY_ is in active-high period, the RGB current regulator is on with 10mA current. When the PLAY_ is in the opposite state (active-low period), the RGB regulator is off with 0mA current. The default method to turn the RGB LED on is to pull the PLAY_ input high with Maxim Integrated a minimum on-time of 80Fs in active-high mode. If bit 1 in 20h is set to 1, then all current regulators for RGB are activated by active-low signal with a minimum off-time of 80Fs. The up/down slope control can be programmed by the setting of the 0Bh register when the RGB LEDs are controlled by I2C only. If bit 7 in 20h is set to logic-low, then slope up/down is automatically deactivated. CAI (Contents Adaptive Interface) Operation A 200Hz PWM signal is applied to the CAI pin. The CAI signal can be from either the LCD driver module with gamma correction information or from the baseband chipset. The main WLED can be activated by either the high/low status of the CAI PWM signal or with either an active-high or active-low signal coming from either a LCD driver module or baseband chipset. The corresponding register bit (bit 0 in 02h) should be set to either, 1 or 0 by I2C command. Depending on the duty cycle, the brightness varies from 0mA to 25.6mA with the resolution of 0.256mA per 1% duty variation. In control of CAI (PWM) independently, the existing brightness setting from either I2C or ALC is overwritten because CAI has the priority over I2C and ALC. See the Dimming by Digital PWM on CAI Only and Dimming by Both Digital PWM on CAI and Either I2C or ALC at the Same Time sections for details on the CAI dimming control. Dimming by Digital PWM on CAI Only When the digital PWM (DPWM) signal (100Hz ~15kHz) is provided by either the baseband or CPU for dimming the brightness, the MAX8930 DPWM function takes over the responsibility of dimming the main WLEDs. The dimming by CAI is initiated by setting CAI (bit 7 of Register 02h) to 1. After the set-up, both I2C register dimming settings and ALC no longer control the dimming current for the main WLEDs. The frequency range on the CAI pin is from 100Hz to 15kHz, where 0% duty cycle corresponds to 0mA and 100% duty cycle corresponds to full current, 25.6mA. When CAI is set to 1, the ramp-up/down slope for main WLED_ is automatically disabled by the MAX8930 control logic. Figure 3 is the timing diagram on initiating CAI. The MAX8930 maintains its previous dimming setting for tB (10ms typ) to allow the PWM filter time to settle to its average value before activating CAI dimming. This is done automatically inside the IC. The bit of MAINI2C 23 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI I2C COMMAND (CAI = 1 AT Reg 3) CAI ENABLED BY I2C CAI (DPWM) SIGNAL I2C COMMAND SHOULD BE OUT BEFORE 10ms DIMMING BY I2C (MAINI2C = 1 AT 02h) DIMMING BY I2C (MAINI2C = 0 AT 02h) I1 WLED CURRENT BY CAI WLED CURRENT BY I2C I2 I3 tB tB: BLANKING TIME, THE TIME FOR CONVERTING DPWM TO AVERAGE DIMMING CURRENT Figure 3. Timing Diagram of Stand-Alone CAI Dimming Operation should be set to 0 in less than tB, 10ms (typ) for CAI dimming to be exclusively through DPWM. If this setup fails, the previous dimming current is still effective even though bit 7 in 02h (CAI) has been set to 1. The current of I1, I2, and I3 of Figure 3 is different depending on the duty cycle of DPWM. tB is the settling time for the CAI input filter to calculate an average value for the dimming current. Dimming by Both Digital PWM on CAI and Either I2C or ALC at the Same Time If an end-user wants to see either TV or a movie, the LCD driver module may take care of dimming control independently. In this situation, the output signal from the LCD module has some color information. For example, (16mA/LED) + gamma correction can make the user feel the same brightness of the LCD screen compared to (20mA/LED) + no gamma correction. 24 In this combined dimming control, any dimming current set earlier by either the I2C register or the ALC register is the value corresponding with 100% duty cycle of the CAI signal. Ambient Light Control Operation Dimming of the LCD backlight and ON/OFF control of the keypad backlight are possible on the basis of the data detected by an external ambient light sensor. The ALC consists of the following segments: • Bias function (3V output) • 8-bit ADC with an average filter • A slope process function • A LOG scale conversion function A wide range of ambient light sensors can be used with the MAX8930, including photo diode, photo transistor, photo IC (a linear output/LOG output), etc. The detected amount of ambient light is changed into digital data by Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI BIAS BIAS VOLTAGE (3V) OFFSET CORRECTION LINEAR/LOG 16 AMBIENT LEVELS NEG INPUT LIGHT SENSOR (LOG OR LINEAR) SENSE 8-BIT ADC DATA CORRECTION AVERAGE FILTER LOGARITHMIC CONVERSION AMBIENT LEVEL SCALE CURRENT CONVERSION SLOPE PROCESS DETECT THRESHOLD AND HYSTERESIS WLED_ (1x, -0.5x CP) INPUT ON/OFF BY ALC AMBIENT LIGHT LEVEL READ BY I2C AT THIS POINT ON/OFF BY I2C PWM SLOPE AND MAX DUTY KEY PWM (500Hz) Figure 4. ALC Block Diagram the embedded digital processing. This data can be read through the I2C (0Dh). The conversion to LED current can be accomplished either through a built-in initial lookup table or a built-in user settable lookup table. When ALC is activated, the brightness settings of the main LEDs are controlled through the ALC control circuitry and not by the baseband processor. The default setting on power-on reset is for control by the baseband processor. ON/OFF of ALC Block for Main WLEDs ALC operation can be activated independently for the main LED and the keypad backlight. The ALCEN bit in register 00h activates ambient light control. The KBALC bit in register 00h activates ON/OFF for the keypad backlight in ALC mode. For keypad backlight, the output is simple logic-high/logic-low. Bias Voltage for a Sensor An embedded LDO with a nominal 3V output provides the bias voltage for the ambient light sensor. This bias output is enabled as soon as the ALCEN bit is set to 1. Maxim Integrated The operation of the bias output voltage has two options based on the value of the SBIAS bit (bit 7 in Register 0Ch). When this bit is set to 1, the bias output is synchronized with the measurement cycle. This means that the bias voltage generator is active only when a measurement cycle is being performed. The measurement cycle has four different times, 0.52s, 1.05s, 1.57s, and 2.10s. When this bit is set to 0, the bias output is always on as long as the ALCEN bit is set to 1. Brightness Data Conversion 16 different dimming steps are available depending on the ambient light condition. The selection of the log or linear conversion is possible by the setting of the LSTY bit (bit 6 of register 0Ch). Linear type sensor: LOG conversion Log type sensor: Data bypass The brightness data can be read through I2C (Register at 0Dh). LED Current Conversion The following is the initial current value to each level of ambient light. This value can be overwritten by I2C command. 25 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 1. Brightness Data Conversion Settings AMBIENT LEVEL WITH LOG CONVERSION (LINEAR TYPE OF SENSOR) WITHOUT LOG CONVERSION (LOG TYPE OF SENSOR) 0h VSBIAS x 0/256 VSBIAS x 0/256 ~ VSBIAS x 17/256 1h VSBIAS x 1/256 VSBIAS x18/256 ~ VSBIAS x 26/256 2h VSBIAS x 2/256 VSBIAS x 27/256 ~ VSBIAS x 36/256 3h VSBIAS x 3/256 ~ VSBIAS x 4/256 VSBIAS x 37/256 ~ VSBIAS x 47/256 4h VSBIAS x 5/256 ~ VSBIAS x 6/256 VSBIAS x 48/256 ~ VSBIAS x 59/256 5h VSBIAS x 7/256 ~ VSBIAS x 9/256 VSBIAS x 60/256 ~ VSBIAS x 71/256 6h VSBIAS x 10/256 ~ VSBIAS x 13/256 VSBIAS x 72/256 ~ VSBIAS x 83/256 7h VSBIAS x 14/256 ~ VSBIAS x 19/256 VSBIAS x 84/256 ~ VSBIAS x 95/256 8h VSBIAS x 20/256 ~ VSBIAS x 27/256 VSBIAS x 96/256 ~ VSBIAS x 107/256 9h VSBIAS x 28/256 ~ VSBIAS x 38/256 VSBIAS x 108/256 ~ VSBIAS x 119/256 Ah VSBIAS x 39/256 ~ VSBIAS x 53/256 VSBIAS x 120/256 ~ VSBIAS x 131/256 Bh VSBIAS x 54/256 ~ VSBIAS x 74/256 VSBIAS x 132/256 ~ VSBIAS x 143/256 Ch VSBIAS x 75/256 ~ VSBIAS x 104/256 VSBIAS x 144/256 ~ VSBIAS x 155/256 Dh VSBIAS x 105/256 ~ VSBIAS x 144/256 VSBIAS x 156/256 ~ VSBIAS x 168/256 Eh VSBIAS x 145/256 ~ VSBIAS x 199/256 VSBIAS x 169/256 ~ VSBIAS x 181/256 Fh VSBIAS x 200/256 ~ VSBIAS x 255/256 VSBIAS x 182/256 ~ VSBIAS x 255/256 Table 2. LED Current Conversion BRIGHTNESS INITIAL CURRENT (mA) BRIGHTNESS INITIAL 0 0Fh 1.6 8 89h 13.8 1 1Eh 3.1 9 98h 15.3 2 2Dh 4.6 A A7h 16.8 3 3Ch 6.1 B B6h 18.3 4 4Ch 7.7 C C6h 19.9 5 5Bh 9.2 D D5h 21.4 6 6Ah 10.7 E E4h 22.9 7 79h 12.2 F F9h 25.0 26 CURRENT (mA) Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI The Operation of ALC Function Table 3 shows the various conditions on the main WLED_ current for LCD backlight. Sensor Interface As a default value, 3V is applied from the BIAS pin. The sensed voltage at the SENSE pin is transformed into digital data by the embedded 8-bit ADC. A/D Conversion The detection of ambient light condition is performed in periodic time steps (4 options). BIAS and ADC are turned off except when reading the ambient light condition. The sensor is also turned off in between measurements. This leads to lower power consumption. For the first 64ms, the ambient light data is discarded because the data might be inaccurate information in startup period. For Table 3. ALC Function ALC ON/OFF MAIN WLED_ ON/OFF 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 ALC BLOCK OFF ON LCD BACKLIGHT CURRENT OFF Setup by main LED current* OFF Setup by ambient light data† *The ALC for WLED backlight is disabled in this mode. It means the current for the LCD backlight is set up by the main LED current value using either I2C or CAI. †The ALC for WLED backlight is enabled in this mode. It means the current for the LCD backlight is set up by the ambient light data from 0h to Fh. ADC READ 1 CYCLE (ALCYC1, ALCYC2) ALCEN = 1 ALC MODE ON/OFF ADC READ CYCLE AD SIGNAL START BIAS OUTPUT = 3V tWAIT = 64ms OR 32ms 1 T(AD) = 1ms 16 TIMES MEASUREMENT ADC MOVEMENT t(AD) = 16.4ms AMBIENT LIGHT DATA t(ALC) = 80.4ms Figure 5. ALC A/D Conversion Maxim Integrated 27 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI the next 16.4ms, the internal digital logic block tries to read the ambient light condition 16 times and calculate the average data. This read data is automatically saved in Register 0Dh. time is set to 2.048ms. After reading the ambient light condition and getting ILED2 with 20mA, the total time from ILED1 to ILED2 is 0.4096s [(20mA/0.1mA) x 2.048ms = 0.4096s]. Up/Down Slope Control The up/down slope control is sometimes necessary for dimming the main WLED_ in a natural way. The up (dark to bright), down (bright to dark) main WLED current transition speeds are set individually. ADC Data Offset Adjustment The accuracy of the ALC control circuitry can be calibrated in each IC using the ADC data offset adjustment register. This offset adjustment can correct for parameter variation in the IC and in the external light sensor. This adjustment is performed with bits 3–0 in Register 0Ch. The default value of the up/down slope is 0s. It is programmable by the settings of control bits in Register 0Ah. The up/down slope time is per 0.1mA increment; for example, if the ILED1 current is 0mA and the up slope Table 4 shows all possibilities of dimming control for both main WLEDs and KEY. ORIGINAL DATA SLOPE-APPLIED DATA LED CURRENT ILED 2 ILED 1 BRIGHTNESS Figure 6. LED Current vs. Brightness Table 4. Summary of Dimming Control for Main WLEDs and KEY MAIN WHITE LEDS KEY 28 I2C ALC CAI (PWM) PWM (500Hz) I2C + ALC I2C + CAI ALC + CAI I2C + CAI + ALC DIMMING Yes (default) Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No UP/ DOWN SLOPE CONTROL Available Available Not available Not available Not available Not available Not available Not available ON/OFF Yes (default) Yes No Yes No No No No DUTY TRANSITION CONTROL TIME Not available Not available Not available Available Not available Not available Not available Not available Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI KEY (Keypad Backlight) ON/OFF Control Operation The keypad lighting is controlled by 3 methods, which are all exclusive of each other. These are: The ambient light level at which the key backlight is turned off can be set in register 0Fh. The default ambient light is Ah. There is also a programmable hysteresis level, accessed through I2C in the 0Fh register. The default hysteresis width is 3h. See Figure 7. There is a built in PWM that has a 500Hz operation frequency. The dimming can be adjusted by duty ratio (set KYDT_ bit in register 0Eh). • ALC • PWM • I2C command If KBALC (bit 1 of 00h) is set to 1, then ALC for keypad is ON, otherwise, it is off. If KYPWM (bit 0 of 03h) is set to 1, PWM for keypad is ON, otherwise, it is off. If KYI2C (bit 5 of 02h) is set to 1, I2C for keypad is ON, otherwise, it is off. The KEY output is simply a 1 bit value representing ON or OFF function. Keypad Backlight ON/OFF Operation by ALC To link the keypad backlight ON/OFF control to the ALC, the register bit, KBALC, at register 00h, should be set to 1 (see Table 5). KEYPAD ON/OFF KEYPAD ON 3h LEVEL (HYSTERESIS TO BE ON) KEYPAD OFF BRIGHTNESS LEVEL Ah LEVEL (THRESHOLD TO BE OFF) Figure 7. KEY On/Off Hysteresis Table 5. Keypad Backlight On/Off by ALC ALCEN KBALC 0 0 0 1 MAIN WLEDs IN ALC MODE ALC BLOCK No OFF KEY BACKLIGHT OFF ON/OFF by I2C or PWM* 1 0 Yes ON ON/OFF by I2C or PWM** 1 1 Yes ON ON/OFF depends on ALC data level*** *The ALC block is disabled in this mode. In this condition, keypad backlight is activated and controlled by either internal PWM operation (500Hz) or I2C. **The ALC block is enabled in this mode. However KBALC bit is still set to 0. Therefore, the on/off control should be either I2C or internal 500Hz PWM. ***The ALC block is enabled in this mode. ALC has priority over both internal PWM and I2C in case KBALC bit is set to 1. This means that the activation of the key backlight depends on the preprogrammed on/off threshold and hysteresis width. Maxim Integrated 29 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI The ambient light level at which the key backlight is turned off can be set in register 0Fh. The default ambient light level is Ah, which is bright enough for the user to recognize the numbers on the keypad. At this time, the key output is held off. There is also a programmable hysteresis level, accessed through I2C in the 0Fh register. The default hysteresis width is 3h. The key output is held high on any hysteresis value minus 1h. For example, if the hysteresis is set to 3h, in this default condition, the key output is held low at Ah level and then high at 6h level. Keypad Backlight ON/OFF Operation by PWM There is a built-in PWM signal operating at a frequency of 500Hz. The on/off can be adjusted by duty cycle ratio (set KYDT_ bit in Register 0Eh). 16 different duty values of PWM are available in register 0Eh. In addition, fade-in and fade-out can also be set up with the KYSL_ bits in the 0Eh register. Keypad Backlight ON/OFF Operation by I2C Command There is a dedicated register bit (KYI2C at 02h, see Table 15) to both enable and disable the KEY function. This I2C on/off is the default for KEY. Control of Duty Transition Time Control in Internal PWM Mode (500Hz) The internal 500Hz PWM can set up the duty transition control time by the register (KYSL1 and KYSL2 at 0Eh). Figure 8 shows the duty transition in slope-applied mode. Low-Drop Output (LDO) Operation The linear regulators are designed for low-input, lowdropout, low quiescent current to maximize battery life. All LDOs are controlled through the serial interface, minimizing the requirements of control lines to the MAX8930. Each of the LDOs are turned on or off through the setting of the control bits in the On/Off Control register, 00h. For each LDO, it is possible to set the output voltage and enable/disable the active pulldown resistor (1kI typ) during power-off. This is done in the 03h and 04h registers. For optimized battery life, there are two external supply voltage inputs, PV3 for LDO1 and LDO2 and PV4 for LDO3. This allows the input voltage of the LDO to be supplied from a lower voltage power rail, resulting in higher efficiency operation and longer battery life. LDO3 is a low VIN LDO (VIN = 1.7V to 5.5V). The input voltage, VPV3 and VPV4 must be greater than the selected LDO1 to LDO3 voltages. GPO Operation Three LDO outputs have the option of being converted to GPO outputs through an I2C command. Figure 9 shows the external connections. The register, 24h, is responsible for this setup. In GPO mode, the output capacitors should be removed in advance, otherwise, there is some delay in both turn-on and turn-off mode. Component Selection Use only ceramic capacitors with an X5R, X7R, or better dielectric. See the Table 6 for a list of recommended parts. Connect a 1FF and 2.2FF ceramic capacitor between LDO1, LDO2, and LDO3 and PGND3, respectively, for 200mA applications. The LDO output capacitor’s equivalent series resistance (ESR) affects stability and output noise. Use output capacitors with an ESR of 0.1I or less to ensure stability and optimum transient I/O VOLTAGE PWN DUTY TARGET DUTY VALUE OUTPUT WAVEFORM OF KEY PIN SLOPE TIME Figure 8. Slope Time-In Internal PWM Mode (500Hz) 30 LDO1 LDO2 LDO3 LDO1 LDO2 LDO3 OUTPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT TIME Figure 9. LDO GPO Configuration Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 6. Recommended Capacitors DESIGNATION VALUE (µF) MANUFACTURER PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION CPV3 2.2 TDK C2012X5R0J225M 2.2FF Q20%, 6.3V X5R ceramic capacitor CPV4 (in case of external supply) 2.2 TDK C2012X5R0J225M 2.2FF Q20%, 6.3V X5R ceramic capacitor 1FF Q20%, 6.3V X5R ceramic capacitor CLDO1 1 TDK C1005X5R0J105M CLDO2 1 TDK C1005X5R0J105M 1FF Q20%, 6.3V X5R ceramic capacitor CLDO3 2.2 TDK C1005X5R0J225M 2.2FF Q20%, 6.3V X5R ceramic capacitor response. Connect CLDO as close as possible to the MAX8930 to minimize the impact of PCB trace inductance. frequency varies depending on the load and input and output voltage and can be up to 750kHz. Step-Up DC-DC Converter Operation Setting the Output Voltage The output voltage of the step-up converter is set by bit, boost1 to boost3, in Register 04h. The output voltage can be adjusted from 13.0V to 16.5V in 0.5V increments. The step-up DC-DC converter operates from a 2.7V to 5.5V supply. The MAX8930 includes an internal highvoltage nMOSFET switch with low on-resistance and a synchronous rectifier to reduce losses and achieve higher efficiency. A true-shutdown feature disconnects the battery from the load and reduces the supply current to 0.05FA. This DC-DC converter provides adjustable output voltage from 13.0V to 16.5V with 0.5V steps. The adjustment bits are located in the 04h register. Control Scheme The step-up DC-DC features a minimum off-time, current-limited control scheme operating in discontinuous conduction mode. An internal p-channel MOSFET switch connects PV5 to SW to provide power to the inductor when the converter is operating. When the converter is shut down, this switch disconnects the input supply from the inductor. To boost the output voltage, an n-channel MOSFET switch turns on and allows the inductor current to ramp up to the current limit. Once the inductor current reaches the current limit, the switch turns off and the inductor current flows through synchronous rectifier (pMOS) to supply the output voltage. The switching Shutdown If Bit 6, SUEN, in Register 00h is set to 0, the step-up converter enters shutdown. During shutdown, the output is disconnected from the input, and LX enters a highimpedance state. The capacitance and load at the output determine the rate at which VOUT decays. Soft-Start The step-up converter uses two soft-start mechanisms. When the true-shutdown feature is used, the gate of the internal synchronous turns on slowly to prevent inrush current. This takes approximately 0.04ms (typ). When SW is fully turned on, the internal n-channel switch begins boosting the input to set the output voltage. Protection Features The step-up converter has protection features designed to make it extremely robust to application errors. If the output capacitor in the application is missing, the converter protects the internal switch from being damaged. Table 7. Protection Features APPLICATION FAULTS PROTECTION Output Shorted to Ground True off-switch detects short, opens when current reaches the synchronous rectifier current limit, and restarts soft-start. This protects the inductor and the synchronous rectifier. Output Capacitor Missing LX may boost one or two times before the internal FB voltage exceeds the trip point. In the rare case where the capacitive loading and external loading on OUT is small enough that the energy in one cycle can slew it more than 22V, the internal OVP operates at the typical threshold value, 18.5V. Maxim Integrated 31 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Inductor Selection Smaller inductance values typically offer smaller physical size for a given series resistance or saturation current. The inductor’s saturation current rating should be greater than the peak switching current. Recommended inductor values range from 10FH to 100FH (e.g., 22FH, VLF3010AT-220MR33-1, TDK). this function is used in conjunction with a microprocessor (FP), connect a pullup resistor between CHG and the logic I/O voltage to indicate charge status to the FP. I2C Interface The slave address for MAX8930 is EC/Dh in write/read mode. Capacitor Selection Small, ceramic surface-mount capacitors with X7R or X5R temperature characteristics are recommended due to their small size, low cost, low equivalent series resistance (ESR), and low equivalent series inductance (ESL). If nonceramic capacitors are used, it is important that they have low ESR to reduce the output ripple voltage and peak-to-peak load transient voltage. SDA SCL CHG Charge-Indicator Output CHG is an open-drain output that indicates charger status and can be used with an LED. CHG goes low during charging when the bit of CHG at 02h is 1. CHG goes high impedance when the bit of CHG at 02h is 0. When DATA LINE STABLE DATA VALID CHANGE OF DATA ALLOWED Figure 10. SDA and SCL Bit Transfer Table 8. Recommended Inductors DESIGNATION VALUE (µH) DCR (I) MANUFACTURER PART CURRENT (mA) 22 1.5 TDK VLF3010AT-220MR33-1 330 22 4.0 Panasonic ELJPC220KF 160 22 1.0 Taiyo Yuden LB2016-220 105 22 5.0 Taiyo Yuden LEM2520-220 125 47 2.2 Sumida CMD4D11-47 180 68 3.3 Taiyo Yuden LEMC3225-680 120 LSW Table 9. Recommended Capacitors DESIGNATION VALUE (µF) MANUFACTURER PART CPV5 1 TDK C2012X5R0J105M 1FF Q20%, 6.3V X5R ceramic capacitor DESCRIPTION COUT 1 Taiyo Yuden TMK316BJ105KL 1FF Q20%, 25V X7R ceramic capacitor Table 10. Slave Address 32 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1 R/W 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1/0 Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI SDA tBUF tSU,DAT tLOW SCL tHD,DAT tSU,STA tHD,STA tSU,STO tHIGH tHD,STA tR tF REPEATED START CONDITION START CONDITION STOP CONDITION START CONDITION Figure 11. START and STOP Conditions SDA SCLK MASTER TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER SLAVE RECEIVER SLAVE TRANSMITTER/ RECEIVER Figure 12. I2C Master and Slave Configuration I2C Bit Transfer One data bit is transferred for each clock pulse. The data on SDA must remain stable during the high portion of the clock pulse as changes in data during this time are interpreted as a control signal. I2C START and STOP Conditions Both SDA and SCL remain high when the bus is not busy. A high-to-low transition of SDA, while SCL is high is defined as the START (S) condition. A low-to-high transition of the data line while SCL is high is defined as the STOP (P) condition. Maxim Integrated I2C System Configuration A device on the I2C bus that generates a message is called a transmitter and a device that receives the message is a receiver. The device that controls the message is the master and the devices that are controlled by the master are called slaves. I2C Acknowledge The number of data bytes between the START and STOP conditions for the transmitter and receiver are unlimited. Each 8-bit byte is followed by an acknowledge bit. The acknowledge bit is a high-level signal put on DATA by the transmitter during which time the master generates an extra acknowledge related clock pulse. A slave receiver that is addressed must generate an acknowledge after each byte it receives. Also, a master receiver must generate an acknowledge after each byte it receives that has been clocked out of the slave transmitter. 33 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI SDA OUTPUT FROM TRANSMITTER D7 D0 D6 NOT ACKNOWLEDGE SDA OUTPUT FROM RECEIVER NOT ACKNOWLEDGE SCL FROM MASTER 1 2 8 9 CLOCK PULSE FOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT START CONDITION Figure 13. I2C Acknowledge The device that acknowledges must pull down the SDA line during the acknowledge clock pulse, so that the SDA line is stable low during the high period of the acknowledge clock pulse (setup and hold times must also be met). A master receiver must signal an end of data to the transmitter by not generating an acknowledge on the last byte that has been clocked out of the slave. In this case, the transmitter must leave SDA high to enable the master to generate a STOP condition. Current Level for 8 WLEDs and 3 RGB LEDs The total 11 LEDs (8 WLEDs and 3 RGB LEDs) have linear scale current dimming by 0.1mA step as follows. Table 11. LED Current Levels BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 LED CURRENT (mA) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.6 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0.7 — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 25.5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 25.6 34 Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 12. Register Map ADDRESS POR (HEX) (HEX) 00h 01h 02h 03h 04h 05h 06h 07h 08h 00 00 26 6C BA 01 01 01 01 Maxim Integrated BIT 7 RESET WLED7 CAI LDO10 LDO 30 IMLED7 ISLED7 ISLED7 ISLED7 BIT 6 SUEN WLED6 CHG LDO11 LDO 31 IMLED6 ISLED6 ISLED6 ISLED6 BIT 5 LDO1 WLED5 KYI2C LDO12 BIT 4 LDO2 Sub7 WLED8 x BIT 3 LDO3 Sub6 Sub8 LDO20 LDO1ADIS LDO2ADIS LDO3ADIS IMLED5 ISLED5 ISLED5 ISLED5 IMLED4 ISLED4 ISLED4 ISLED4 IMLED3 ISLED3 ISLED3 ISLED3 BIT 2 Main WLED Sub5 x LDO21 Boost1 IMLED2 ISLED2 ISLED2 ISLED2 BIT 1 KBALC RGB slope MAIN I2C LDO22 Boost2 IMLED1 ISLED1 ISLED1 ISLED1 BIT 0 FUNCTION ALCEN On/off control for boost, LDO1, LDO2, LDO3, main WLED_, ALC LED slope On/off control for backlightrelated LEDs HLCAI On/off control for dimmingrelated signal, bias output KYPWM Output program for LDO1 and LDO2 Boost3 Output program for LDO3 and boost IMLED0 256 steps current scale for main WLEDs ISLED0 256 steps current scale for sub WLED5 ISLED0 256 steps current scale for sub WLED6 ISLED0 256 steps current scale for sub WLED7 35 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 12. Register Map (continued) ADDRESS POR (HEX) (HEX) 09h 0Ah 01 00 BIT 7 ISLED7 x BIT 6 ISLED6 DSLP3 BIT 5 ISLED5 DSLP2 BIT 4 ISLED4 DSLP1 BIT 3 ISLED3 x BIT 2 ISLED2 USLP3 BIT 1 ISLED1 USLP2 BIT 0 FUNCTION ISLED0 256 steps current scale for sub WLED8 USLP1 Slope control for main WLEDs in step-up/ down 0Bh 00 x DSLP3 DSLP2 DSLP1 x USLP3 USLP2 USLP1 Slope control for RGB in step-up/ down 0Ch 10 SBIAS LSTY ALCYC1 ALCYC2 OST1 OST2 OST3 OST4 Control for ALC-related functions 0Dh — ALDA1 ALDA2 ALDA3 ALDA4 x x x TWAIT Read the ADC data based on ambient condition 0Eh 00 KYSL1 KYSL2 x KYDT0 KYDT1 KYDT2 KYDT3 KYDT4 Control for PWM slope and duty 0Fh A8 KYHS1 KYHS2 KYTH1 KYTH2 KYTH3 KYTH4 x x Control for hysteresis width and on/off 10h 0F CADA07 CADA06 CADA05 CADA04 CADA03 CADA02 CADA01 CADA00 Current level of 0h 11h 1E CADA17 CADA16 CADA15 CADA14 CADA13 CADA12 CADA11 CADA10 Current level of 1h 12h 2D CADA27 CADA26 CADA25 CADA24 CADA23 CADA22 CADA21 CADA20 Current level of 2h 13h 3C CADA37 CADA36 CADA35 CADA34 CADA33 CADA32 CADA31 CADA30 Current level of 3h 14h 4C CADA47 CADA46 CADA45 CADA44 CADA43 CADA42 CADA41 CADA40 Current level of 4h 15h 5B CADA57 CADA56 CADA55 CADA54 CADA53 CADA52 CADA51 CADA50 Current level of 5h 36 Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 12. Register Map (continued) ADDRESS POR (HEX) (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 FUNCTION 16h 6A CADA67 CADA66 CADA65 CADA64 CADA63 CADA62 CADA61 CADA60 Current level of 6h 17h 79 CADA77 CADA76 CADA75 CADA74 CADA73 CADA72 CADA71 CADA70 Current level of 7h 18h 89 CADA87 CADA86 CADA85 CADA84 CADA83 CADA82 CADA81 CADA80 Current level of 8h 19h 98 CADA97 CADA96 CADA95 CADA94 CADA93 CADA92 CADA91 CADA90 Current level of 9h 1Ah A7 CADAA7 CADAA6 CADAA5 CADAA4 CADAA3 CADAA2 CADAA1 CADAA0 Current level of Ah 1Bh B6 CADAB7 CADAB6 CADAB5 CADAB4 CADAB3 CADAB2 CADAB1 CADAB0 Current level of Bh 1Ch C6 CADAC7 CADAC6 CADAC5 CADAC4 CADAC3 CADAC2 CADAC1 CADAC0 Current level of Ch 1Dh D5 CADAD7 CADAD6 CADAD5 CADAD4 CADAD3 CADAD2 CADAD1 CADAD0 Current level of Dh 1Eh E4 CADAE7 CADAE6 CADAE5 CADAE4 CADAE3 CADAE2 CADAE1 CADAE0 Current level of Eh 1Fh F9 CADAF7 CADAF6 CADAF5 CADAF4 CADAF3 CADAF2 CADAF1 CADAF0 Current level of Fh 20h 00 RGBEN x x RI2C GI2C BI2C HLRGB x Control for on/off of RGB 21h 01 RLED7 RLED6 RLED5 RLED4 RLED3 RLED2 RLED1 RLED0 Current level for Red 22h 01 GLED7 GLED6 GLED5 GLED4 GLED3 GLED2 GLED1 GLED0 Current level for Green 23h 01 BLED7 BLED6 BLED5 BLED4 BLED3 BLED2 BLED1 BLED0 Current level for Blue 24h 00 GPO1 GPO2 x GPLD1 GPLD2 GPLD3 GPWD8 x On/off for GPO x = Don’t care. POR = Default state at reset and initial startup condition. Maxim Integrated 37 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 13. On/Off Register 1 for Boost, LDO1, LDO2, LDO3, Main WLED, and ALC ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 00 00 RESET SUEN LDO1 LDO2 LDO3 Main WLED KB ALC ALC EN NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION RESET 0 R/W 1: IC is reset, back to POR status 0: Reset is off SUEN 0 R/W 1: Boost output is on 0: Boost output is off LDO1 0 R/W 1: LDO1 output is on 0: LDO1 output is off LDO2 0 R/W 1: LDO2 output is on 0: LDO2 output is off LDO3 0 R/W 1: LDO3 output is on 0: LDO3 output is off Main WLED 0 R/W 1: Main WLEDs are on 0: Main WLEDs are off KBALC 0 R/W 1: ALC for keypad is on 0: ALC for keypad is off ALCEN 0 R/W 1: ALC function for main WLEDs is on 0: ALC function is off Table 14. On/Off Register 2 for Backlight-Related WLED5, WLED6, WLED7 and RGB ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 WLED6 WLED5 Sub7 01 00 WLED7 NAME POR R/W WLED7 0 R/W 1: WLED7 output is on 0: WLED7 output is off WLED6 0 R/W 1: WLED6 output is on 0: WLED6 output is off WLED5 0 R/W 1: WLED5 output is on 0: WLED5 output is off SUB7 0 R/W 1: WLED7 belongs to main group 0: WLED7 belongs to subgroup SUB6 0 R/W 1: WLED6 belongs to main group 0: WLED6 belongs to subgroup SUB5 0 R/W 1: WLED5 belongs to main group 0: WLED5 belongs to subgroup RGB Slope 0 R/W 1: Dimming slope for RGB LED is on 0: Dimming slope is off LED Slope 0 R/W 1: Dimming slope for main WLED_ is on 0: Dimming slope is off 38 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 Sub6 Sub5 RGB Slope LED Slope DESCRIPTION Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 15. On/Off Register 3 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 CHG KYI2C WLED8 SUB8 TWAIT MAIN I2C HLCAI BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 LDO21 LDO22 KYPWM 02 26 CAI NAME POR R/W CAI 0 R/W CHG 0 R/W KYI2C 1 R/W WLED8 0 R/W SUB8 0 R/W TWAIT 1 R/W MAINI2C 1 R/W HLCAI 0 R/W 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: 1: 0: DESCRIPTION CAI Dimming for main WLEDs is on Off nMOS for charging indicator is on Off I2C for keypad is on I2C for keypad is off WLED8 output is on WLED8 output is off WLED8 belongs to main group WLED8 belongs to subgroup 64ms waiting time for ALC calculation 32ms I2C dimming for main WLEDs is ON I2C dimming for main WLEDs is OFF Active low for main WLED_ activated Active high to be ON Table 16. LDO1 and LDO2 Register ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) R/W BIT 7 BIT 6 03 4A R/W LDO10 LDO11 LDO10 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 LDO20 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 NAME KYPWM Maxim Integrated POR 0 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 LDO12 Reserved LDO20 DESCRIPTION LDO11 LDO12 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 LDO21 LDO22 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 DESCRIPTION 1: PWM for keypad is on. 0: PWM for keypad is off LDO1 VOLTAGE (V) 2.3 2.5 2.6 (default) 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1 LDO2 VOLTAGE (V) 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 (default) 3.0 3.1 39 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 17. LDO3, Step-Up, LDO1, LDO2, and LDO3 Active Discharge Function Register ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) R/W BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 04 BA R/W LDO30 LDO31 LDO1 ADIS LDO2 ADIS LDO3 ADIS Boost1 Boost2 Boost3 DESCRIPTION LDO30 LDO31 LDO3 voltage 0 0 1.2V 0 1 1.5V 1 0 1.8V (default) 1 1 2.5V NAME POR DESCRIPTION LDO1ADIS 1 1: Enable LDO1 active discharge 0: Disable LDO1 active discharge LDO2ADIS 1 1: Enable LDO2 active discharge 0: Disable LDO2 active discharge LDO3ADIS 1 1: Enable LDO3 active discharge 0: Disable LDO3 active discharge BOOST1 BOOST2 BOOST3 0 0 0 OUTPUT (V) 13.0 0 0 1 13.5 0 1 0 14.0 (default) 0 1 1 14.5 1 0 0 15.0 1 0 1 15.5 1 1 0 16.0 1 1 1 16.5 Table 18. Dimming Current Register for Main WLEDs ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 05 01 IMLED7 IMLED6 IMLED5 IMLED4 IMLED3 IMLED2 IMLED1 IMLED0 NAME POR R/W IMLED7 0 R/W IMLED6 0 R/W DESCRIPTION BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 COMMENTS IMLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA IMLED4 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA IMLED3 0 R/W 0 U IMLED2 0 R/W 1 IMLED1 0 R/W IMLED0 1 R/W 40 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 19. Dimming Current Register for Sub WLED5 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 06 01 ISLED7 ISLED6 ISLED5 ISLED4 ISLED3 ISLED2 ISLED1 ISLED0 NAME POR R/W ISLED7 0 R/W ISLED6 0 R/W DESCRIPTION BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 COMMENTS 0 ISLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA ISLED4 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA ISLED3 0 R/W 0 U ISLED2 0 R/W 1 ISLED1 0 R/W ISLED0 1 R/W 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment Table 20. Dimming Current Register for Sub WLED6 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 07 01 ISLED7 ISLED6 ISLED5 ISLED4 ISLED3 ISLED2 ISLED1 ISLED0 NAME POR R/W ISLED7 0 R/W ISLED6 0 R/W DESCRIPTION BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 COMMENTS ISLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA ISLED4 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA ISLED3 0 R/W 0 U ISLED2 0 R/W 1 ISLED1 0 R/W ISLED0 1 R/W Maxim Integrated 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment 41 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 21. Dimming Current Register for Sub WLED7 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 08 01 ISLED7 ISLED6 ISLED5 ISLED4 ISLED3 ISLED2 ISLED1 ISLED0 NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION ISLED7 0 R/W ISLED6 0 R/W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ISLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA BIT COMMENTS ISLED4 0 R/W ISLED3 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA ISLED2 0 R/W ISLED1 0 R/W ISLED0 1 R/W 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment Table 22. Dimming Current Register for Sub WLED8 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 09 01 ISLED7 ISLED6 ISLED5 ISLED4 ISLED3 ISLED2 ISLED1 ISLED0 NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION ISLED7 0 R/W ISLED6 0 R/W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ISLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA BIT COMMENTS ISLED4 0 R/W ISLED3 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA ISLED2 0 R/W ISLED1 0 R/W ISLED0 1 R/W 42 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 23. Slope Control Register for Main WLEDs ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0A 00 Reserved DSLP3 DSLP2 DSLP1 Reserved USLP3 USLP2 USLP1 NAME POR R/W DSLP3 0 R/W DSLP2 0 R/W DSLP1 0 R/W USLP4 0 R/W USLP4 0 R/W USLP3 0 R/W DESCRIPTION Slope control for ramp down and up has 8 steps, respectively (see details in Table 25) Table 24. Slope Control Register for RGB LED ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0B 00 Reserved DSLP3 DSLP2 DSLP1 Reserved USLP3 USLP2 USLP1 NAME POR R/W DSLP3 0 R/W DSLP2 0 R/W DSLP1 0 R/W USLP4 0 R/W USLP4 0 R/W USLP3 0 R/W DESCRIPTION Slope control for ramp down and up has 8 steps, respectively (see details in Table 25) Table 25. Ramp-Up/Down Transition Time in 0.1mA Step BIT COMMENTS 6 5 4 3 0 0 0 — 2 U 1 U 0 U 0 seconds (default) 0 0 1 — U U U 0.016ms (24 x 1Fs) 0 1 0 — U U U 0.068ms (26 x 1Fs) 0 1 1 — U U U 0.128ms (27 x 1Fs) 1 0 0 — U U U 0.256ms (28 x 1Fs) 1 0 1 — U U U 0.512ms (29 x 1Fs) 1 1 0 — U U U 1.024ms (210 x 1Fs) 1 U 1 U 1 U — U U U 2.048ms (211 x 1Fs) — 0 0 0 0 seconds (default) U U U — 0 0 1 0.016ms (24 x 1Fs) U U U — 0 1 0 0.068ms (26 x 1Fs) U U U — 0 1 1 0.128ms (27 x 1Fs) U U U — 1 0 0 0.256ms (28 x 1Fs) U U U — 1 0 1 0.512ms (29 x 1Fs) U U U — 1 1 0 1.024ms (210 x 1Fs) U U U — 1 1 1 2.048ms (211 x 1Fs) Maxim Integrated 43 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 26. ALC Control Register 1 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0C 10 SBIAS LSTY ALCYC1 ALCYC2 OST1 OST2 OST3 OST4 NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION SBIAS 0 R/W 1: Measurement cycle is synchronized 0: Always on LSTY 0 R/W 1: LOG type of light sensor is connected 0: Linear type sensor ALCYC1 0 ALCYC2 1 The measurement cycle R/W 00: 0.52s; 01: 1.05s 10: 1.57s; 11: 2.10s OST_ 0 R/W Optimize the offset of ADC data OST1 OST2 OST3 OST4 OFFSET VALUE 0 0 0 0 Non-offset (default) 0 0 0 1 +1 LSB 0 0 1 0 +2 LSB 0 0 1 1 +3 LSB 0 1 0 0 +4 LSB 0 1 0 1 +5 LSB 0 1 1 0 +6 LSB 0 1 1 1 +7 LSB 1 0 0 0 -8 LSB 1 0 0 1 -7 LSB 44 1 0 1 0 -6 LSB 1 0 1 1 -5 LSB 1 1 0 0 -4 LSB 1 1 0 1 -3 LSB 1 1 1 0 -2 LSB 1 1 1 1 -1 LSB Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 27. ALC Control Register 2 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0D 00 ALDA1 ALDA2 ALDA3 ALDA4 Reserved Reserved Reserved Reserved NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION ALDA_ R ALDA1 ALDA2 ALDA3 ALDA4 AMBIENT LIGHT CONDITION 0 0 0 0 0h level 0 0 0 1 1h level 0 0 1 0 2h level 0 0 1 1 3h level 0 1 0 0 4h level 0 1 0 1 5h level 0 1 1 0 6h level 0 1 1 1 7h level 1 0 0 0 8h level 1 0 0 1 9h level 1 0 1 0 Ah level 1 0 1 1 Bh level 1 1 0 0 Ch level 1 1 0 1 Dh level 1 1 1 0 Eh level 1 1 1 1 Fh level Maxim Integrated 16 different levels based on ambient light conditions 45 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 28. Keypad Control Register ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0E 00 KYSL1 KYSL2 Reserved KYDT0 KYDT1 KYDT2 KYDT3 KYDT4 NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION KYSL_ 0 R/W PWM slope time is the transition time for stepping to the next duty ratio (both up and down) KYSL1 KYSL2 PWM SLOPE RISING TIME (ms) 0 0 0 (default) 0 1 32 1 0 64 1 1 128 NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION KYDT_ 0 KYDT0 KYDT0 KYDT2 KYDT3 KYDT4 Duty ratio 0 0 0 0 0 0% (default) 0 0 0 0 1 6.25% 0 0 0 1 0 12.5% 0 0 0 1 1 18.75% 46 R/W Duty is set by the active-high period 0 0 1 0 0 25.0% 0 0 1 0 1 31.25% 0 0 1 1 0 37.5% 0 0 1 1 1 43.75% 0 1 0 0 0 50.0% 0 1 0 0 1 56.25% 0 1 0 1 0 62.5% 0 1 0 1 1 68.75% 0 1 1 0 0 75.0% 0 1 1 0 1 81.25% 0 1 1 1 0 87.5% 0 1 1 1 1 93.75% 1 0 0 0 0 100% Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 29. Keypad Control Register for ALC ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 0F A8 KYHS1 KYHS2 KYTH1 KYTH2 KYTH3 KYTH4 Reserved Reserved NAME POR R/W KYHS_ KYHS1 DESCRIPTION The hysteresis values between ON and OFF. R/W The value should meet the following equation. The value of KYTH_ - the value of KYHS_ > 1 10 KYHS2 Hysteresis values No hysteresis 0 0 0 1 2h 1 0 3h 1 1 4h NAME POR R/W KYTH_ — DESCRIPTION R/W Determine the OFF time based on ambient light condition KYTH1 KYTH2 KYTH3 KYTH4 Keypad off KYTH1 0 0 0 0 0h off 0 0 0 0 1 1h off 0 0 0 1 0 2h off 0 0 0 1 1 3h off 0 0 1 0 0 4h off 0 0 1 0 1 5h off 0 0 1 1 0 6h off 0 0 1 1 1 7h off 0 1 0 0 0 8h off 1 1 0 0 1 9h off 1 1 0 1 0 Ah off 1 1 0 1 1 Bh off 1 1 1 0 0 Ch off 1 1 1 0 1 Dh off 1 1 1 1 0 Eh off 1 1 1 1 1 Fh off 1 Maxim Integrated 47 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 30. Control Register in ACL 1–16 ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 10~1F — CADA*7 CADA*6 CADA*5 CADA*4 CADA*3 CADA*2 CADA*1 CADA*0 NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION BIT CADA* — R/W COMMENTS 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment *Refers to 0~F Table 31. RGB LED On/Off Control Register ADDRESS (HEX) 20 POR (HEX) 00 NAME POR R/W BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 RGBEN Reserved Reserved RI2C GI2C BI2C HLRGB Reserved DESCRIPTION RGBEN 0 R/W 1: RGB LED is on by I2C 0: RGB LED is ON by play pin RI2C 0 R/W 1: RED LED is ON by I2C 0: Off GI2C 0 R/W 1: Green LED is ON by I2C 0: Off BI2C 0 R/W 1: Blue LED is ON by I2C 0: Off HLRGB 0 R/W 1: Active low for RGB LED activated 0: Active high for RGB LED ON Table 32. Red LED Dimming Current Control Register ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 21 01 RLED7 RLED6 RLED5 RLED4 RLED3 RLED2 RLED1 RLED0 NAME POR R/W RLED7 0 R/W RLED6 0 R/W DESCRIPTION BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 COMMENTS RLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA RLED4 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA RLED3 0 R/W 0 U RLED2 0 R/W 1 RLED1 0 R/W RLED0 1 R/W 48 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Table 33. Green LED Dimming Current Control Register ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 22 01 GLED7 GLED6 GLED5 GLED4 GLED3 GLED2 GLED1 GLED0 NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION GLED7 0 R/W GLED6 0 R/W 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 GLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA GLED4 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA BIT GLED3 0 R/W 0 U GLED2 0 R/W 1 GLED1 0 R/W GLED0 1 R/W COMMENTS 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment Table 34. Blue LED Dimming Current Control Register ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 23 01 BLED7 BLED6 BLED5 BLED4 BLED3 BLED2 BLED1 BLED0 NAME POR R/W BLED7 0 R/W BLED6 0 R/W DESCRIPTION BIT 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 COMMENTS 0 BLED5 0 R/W 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Minimum current = 0.1mA BLED4 0 R/W 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 0 U 1 U 0.2mA set as default U 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Maximum LED current = 25.6mA BLED3 0 R/W 0 U BLED2 0 R/W 1 BLED1 0 R/W BLED0 1 R/W 256 steps from 0.1 to 25.6mA by 0.1mA step by binary value increment Table 35. On/Off Control Register ADDRESS (HEX) POR (HEX) BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT 1 BIT 0 24 00 GPO1 Reserved Reserved GPLD1 GPLD2 GPLD3 Reserved Reserved NAME POR R/W DESCRIPTION GPO1 0 R/W 1: GPO mode 0: LDO Mode for LDO1, LDO2, LDO3 GPLD1 0 R/W 1: Output low for LDO1 (power SW on) 0: Output high (power SW off) GPLD2 0 R/W 1: Output low for LDO2 (power SW on) 0: Output high (Power SW off) GPLD3 0 R/W 1: Output low for LDO3 (power SW on) 0: Output high (power SW off) Maxim Integrated 49 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Typical Operating Circuit PV2 C1P C1N C2P C2N NEG PV1 INPUT 2.7V TO 5.5V PGND1 PGND2 INPUT PV3 WLED1 WLED2 WLED3 PV5 WLED4 WLED5 WLED6 WLED7 PV4 INPUT 1.7V TO 5.5V WLED8 REFBP MAX8930 RLED GLED BLED VDD CHG LDO1 BIAS SENSE LIGHT SENSOR LDO2 INPUT FILT LDO3 VDD SCL SDA KEY SW EN µP CAI LX OUT PLAYR PLAYG PLAYB PGND3 ECAGND ECAGND ECAGND AGND 50 ECAGND Maxim Integrated MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI PCB Layout Good PCB layout is essential for optimizing performance. Use large traces for the power-supply inputs to minimize losses due to parasitic trace resistance and route heat away from the device. Good design minimizes excessive EMI on the switching paths and voltage gradients in the ground plane, resulting in a stable and well regulated charge pump. Connect all capacitors as close as possible to the IC and keep their traces short, direct, and wide. Keep noisy traces, as short as possible. Connect AGND, PGND1, PGND2, and PGND3 to the common ground plane. Maxim Integrated Chip Information PROCESS: BiCMOS 51 MAX8930 WLED Charge Pump, RGB, OLED Boost, LDOs with ALC and CAI Package Information For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 49 WLP W493B3+2 21-0441 Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance. 52 © 2010 Maxim Integrated Maxim Integrated 160 Rio Robles, San Jose, CA 95134 USA 1-408-601-1000 Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.