AN11223 Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi

AN11223
Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with
BFU730LX
Rev. 2 — 16 November 2012
Application note
Document information
Info
Content
Keywords
BFU730LX, 2.4-2.5GHz LNA, WiFi (WLAN)
Abstract
This document provides circuit simulation, schematic, layout, BOM and
typical EVB performance for a 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi (WLAN) LNA
AN11223
NXP Semiconductors
Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
Revision history
Rev
Date
Description
2
20121116
New publication
1
20120703
Initial Draft
Contact information
For additional information, please visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
AN11223
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
1. Introduction
The BFU730LX is a discrete HBT that is produced using NXP Semiconductors’ advanced
110 GHz fT SiGe:C BiCmos process. SiGe:C is a normal silicon germanium process with
the addition of Carbon in the base layer of the NPN transistor. The presence of carbon in
the base layer suppresses the boron diffusion during wafer processing. This allows a
steeper and narrower SiGe HBT base and a heavier doped base. As a result, lower base
resistance, lower noise and higher cut off frequency can be achieved.
The BFU730LX is one of a series of transistors made in SiGe:C.
BFU710F, BFU730F, BFU760F, BFU768F and BFU790F are the other types. BFU710F
is intended for ultra low current applications. The BFU760F, BFU768F and BFU790F are
high current types and are intended for application where linearity is key.
New 6th & 7th Generation Wideband transistors from NXP offer best RF noise figure /
gain tradeoff at 12GHz drawing lowest current which means best signal reception at low
power, enabling products to be more sensitive in noisy environments and friendlier to the
environment.
Key Benefits:
• Application up to 18 GHz and higher
• Broad choice of parts for the perfect fit in the application
• Lowest current consumption meaning greener products
• SOT883C for BFU730LX and for the others SOT343F package for high performance
and easy manufacturing
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
Fig 1.
BFU730LX Universal Demo Board 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA EVB Demo Board
2. Requirements and design of the 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA
The circuit shown in this application note is intended to demonstrate the performance of
the BFU730LX in a 2.4-2.5 GHz LNA for e.g. 802.11a/b/g/n & 802.11ac “MIMO” WiFi
(WLAN) applications.
Key requirements for this application are:
AN11223
Application note
•
Frequency Band 2.4 – 2.5GHz
•
Gain
•
Input/output Match
•
Linearity
•
NF
•
Turn ON/OFF Time
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
3. Design and Simulation
The 2.4-2.5 GHz WiFi LNA consists of one stage BFU730LX amplifier.
The design has been simulated, and the simulation results are given in the
following figures.
The LNA shows excellent match at input/output with greater than 10dB return
loss and gain of 17 @2.45GHz with superior Noise Figure of 0.97dB.
With only 12.5mA it also shows a high input P1 dB compression of -9
[email protected], as well as high input IP3 of +2dBm.
The LNA Turn ON and OFF time are 380nS and 40 nS respectively.
The designed LNA is unconditionally stable at 10 MHz-15 GHz.
3.1 BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation
Fig 2.
AN11223
Application note
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation: Circuit (Capacitors GRM1555 &
Inductors LQP15)
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
3.2 BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation Result
3.2.1 Gain and Match in 2.4-2.5GHz Band
Fig 3.
AN11223
Application note
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation: Gain and Match
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
3.2.2 Noise Figure in 2.4-2.5GHz Band
Fig 4.
AN11223
Application note
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation: Noise Figure
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
3.2.3 Stability
Fig 5.
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation: Stability
4. Application Board
The 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA evaluation board simplifies the evaluation of the BFU730LX
application. The evaluation board enables testing of the device performance and requires
no additional support circuitry. The board is fully assembled with the BFU730LX
transistor, including input and output matching components, to optimize performance.
The board is supplied with two SMA connectors for input and output connection to RF
test equipment.
AN11223
Application note
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
4.1 Application Circuit Schematic
AN11223
Application note
Fig 6.
BFU730LX Universal Demo Board: Schematic
Fig 7.
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Schematic
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
Note: Figure 6 is the schematic for BFU730LX universal demo board, some assembly
changes are made to accommodate this simplified design, the revised schematic is
shown in figure 7, and the changes in figure 6 are as following:
1. C1, C4, C6, C7, C8, C10: not populated
2. Move R1 (36K) to L1 location, short two solder pads of R1 or put a 0 ohm
jumper
3. Move C3 (1pF) to L3 location, short two solder pads of C3 or put a 0 ohm
jumper
4.2 Application Board Bill-Of-Material
Table 1.
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Part List
Customer can choose their preferred vendor but should be aware that the performance could be
affected.
AN11223
Application note
Item
Position
on Layout
Reference
(Fig 7)
Type
Vendor
Value
1
Z2
C1
GRM1555C1
Murata
33pF
2
Z5
C2
GRM1555C1
Murata
1.0pF
3
Z16
C3
GRM1555C1
Murata
2.7pF
4
Z13
C4
GRM1555C1
Murata
180pF
5
Z4
L1
LQP15
Murata
4.7nH
6
Z3
R1
36K
7
Z10
R2
0R
8
Z14
R3
22R
9
Z12
R4
39R
10
Z6
R5
11
Z18
12
X1, X2
BFU730LX
RF_IN,
RF_OUT
13
X3
Vcc
All information provided in this document is subject to legal disclaimers.
Rev. 2 — 16 November 2012
0R
NXP
SEMICONDUCTORS
Amphenol
BFU730LX
CONSMA-1
Molex
CON-2PIN
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
4.3 Typical Application Board Test Result
4.3.1 S-Parameter – Gain and Match
Fig 8.
AN11223
Application note
BFU730F 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: S-Parameter
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
4.3.2 Linearity/IP3
Ref -6.4 dBm
-10
1 SA
VIEW
Offset
* Att
3.6 dB
10 dB
* R BW 5 0 k H z
V BW 2 00 k H z
S WT 2 .5 m s
2
1
-20
-30
-40
Marker 2 [T1 ]
- 13 . 03 d B m
2 . 4 5 0 9 96 7 95 G H z
TOI
19 . 67
Marker 1 [T1 ]
- 13 . 13
2 . 4 4 9 9 95 1 92
Marker 3 [T1 ]
- 78 . 34
2 . 4 4 8 9 93 5 90
Marker 4 [T1 ]
- 78 . 81
2 . 4 5 1 9 98 3 97
dBm
dBm
GHz
A
dBm
LVL
GHz
dBm
GHz
-50
-60
3DB
-70
3
4
-80
-90
-100
Center
2 . 4 5 0 5 GH z
500 kHz/
S p an
5 MHz
Two tones: f1: 2450MHz, f2: 2451MHz, -30dBm each tone, tone spacing: 1MHz
OIP3 = 19.5dBm
IIP3 = OIP3 - Gain = 19.5 -17 = 2.5dBm
Fig 9.
AN11223
Application note
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: IP3
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
4.3.3 Stability
K Factor
Fig 10. BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Stability
4.3.4 Noise Figure Measurement
The noise figure is measured at the SMA connectors of the evaluation board.
The losses of the connectors and the pcb are around 0.36dB @ 2.45GHz (RF_IN
to RF_OUT).
After de-embedding the connector and pcb losses (0.18dB @ 2.45GHz) up to the
transistor input, the noise figure is 0.79dB @ 2.45GHz.
AN11223
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
4.3.5 LNA Turn ON/OFF Time
The following diagram shows the setup to test LNA Turn ON and Turn OFF time. The
LNA Turn ON and Turn OFF time are mainly determined by the R-C time constant of the
biasing circuitries: R4*C4…Reducing the C4 can improve switching time speed.
Set the waveform generator to square mode and the output amplitude at 3Vrms with high
output impedance. The waveform generator has adequate output current to drive the
LNA therefore no extra DC power supply is required which simplifies the test setup.
Set the RF signal generator output level to -25dBm at 2.4GHz and increase its level until
the output DC on the oscilloscope is at 25mV on 5mV/division, the signal generator RF
output level is approximately -12dBm.
It is very important to keep the cables as short as possible at input and output of the LNA
so the propagation delay difference on cables between the two channels is minimized.
It is also critical to set the oscilloscope input impedance to 50ohm on channel 2 so the
diode detector can discharge quickly to avoid a false result on the Turn OFF time testing.
Fig 11. LNA Turn ON and Turn OFF time test setup
AN11223
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
4.3.5.1
LNA Turn ON Time
3.0Vrms, 1kHz and 50% duty cycle pulse applied on VCC pin, measured from 50% of input
pulse to 100% of max. output power
Fig 12. BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Turn ON time
AN11223
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
4.3.5.2
LNA Turn OFF Time
3.0Vrms, 1kHz and 50% duty cycle pulse applied on VCC pin, measured from 50% of input
pulse to 0% of max. output power
Fig 13. BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Turn OFF time
4.3.6 Summary Of the Typical Evaluation Board Test Result
Table 2.
Typical results measured on the BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Evaluation
Board
Operating frequency 2.4-2.5GHz, testing at 2.4GHz and 2.5GHz unless otherwise specified, Temp
= 25°C. All measurements are done with SMA-connectors as reference plane.
Parameter
Symbol
Value
Unit
Supply Voltage
Vcc
3.0
V
Supply Current
Icc
12.5
mA
@2.4GHz
NF
0.79
dB
@2.5GHz
NF
0.79
dB
Power Gain
@2.4GHz
Gp
16.9
dB
@2.5GHz
Gp
17.0
dB
Input Return Loss
@2.4GHz
IRL
11.5
dB
@2.5GHz
IRL
12.6
dB
Noise Figure
AN11223
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[1]
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
Parameter
Symbol
Value
Unit
@2.4GHz
ORL
17.6
dB
@2.5GHz
ORL
19.9
dB
@2.4GHz
ISLrev
23.2
dB
@2.5GHz
ISLrev
22.5
dB
Input 1dB Gain Compression
Point
@2.4GHz
Pi1dB
-8.9
dBm
@2.5GHz
Pi1dB
-8.9
dBm
Output 1dB Gain Compression
Point
@2.4GHz
PL1dB
7.2
dBm
@2.5GHz
PL1dB
7.2
dBm
Input Third Order Intercept Point
Two Tones:
f1: 2450MHz, f2: 2451MHz,
power: -30dBm
@2.4GHz
IIP3
2.5
dBm
Output Third Order Intercept Point @2.4GHz
Two Tones:
f1: 2450MHz, f2: 2451MHz,
power: -30dBm
OIP3
19.5
dBm
Stability ( 0- 15GHz)
K
>1
LNA Turn ON/OFF Time
Ton
380
nS
Toff
40
nS
Output Return Loss
Reverse Isolation
[1]
AN11223
Application note
PCB and connector losses excluded.
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5. Legal information
5.1 Definitions
Draft — The document is a draft version only. The content is still under
internal review and subject to formal approval, which may result in
modifications or additions. NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties as to the accuracy or completeness of
information included herein and shall have no liability for the consequences
of use of such information.
NXP Semiconductors does not accept any liability related to any default,
damage, costs or problem which is based on any weakness or default in the
customer’s applications or products, or the application or use by customer’s
third party customer(s). Customer is responsible for doing all necessary
testing for the customer’s applications and products using NXP
Semiconductors products in order to avoid a default of the applications and
the products or of the application or use by customer’s third party
customer(s). NXP does not accept any liability in this respect.
Export control — This document as well as the item(s) described herein
may be subject to export control regulations. Export might require a prior
authorization from competent authorities.
5.2 Disclaimers
Limited warranty and liability — Information in this document is believed to
be accurate and reliable. However, NXP Semiconductors does not give any
representations or warranties, expressed or implied, as to the accuracy or
completeness of such information and shall have no liability for the
consequences of use of such information.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors be liable for any indirect, incidental,
punitive, special or consequential damages (including - without limitation lost profits, lost savings, business interruption, costs related to the removal
or replacement of any products or rework charges) whether or not such
damages are based on tort (including negligence), warranty, breach of
contract or any other legal theory.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever, NXP Semiconductors’ aggregate and cumulative liability
towards customer for the products described herein shall be limited in
accordance with the Terms and conditions of commercial sale of NXP
Semiconductors.
Right to make changes — NXP Semiconductors reserves the right to make
changes to information published in this document, including without
limitation specifications and product descriptions, at any time and without
notice. This document supersedes and replaces all information supplied prior
to the publication hereof.
Suitability for use — NXP Semiconductors products are not designed,
authorized or warranted to be suitable for use in life support, life-critical or
safety-critical systems or equipment, nor in applications where failure or
malfunction of an NXP Semiconductors product can reasonably be expected
to result in personal injury, death or severe property or environmental
damage. NXP Semiconductors accepts no liability for inclusion and/or use of
NXP Semiconductors products in such equipment or applications and
therefore such inclusion and/or use is at the customer’s own risk.
Applications — Applications that are described herein for any of these
products are for illustrative purposes only. NXP Semiconductors makes no
representation or warranty that such applications will be suitable for the
specified use without further testing or modification.
Customers are responsible for the design and operation of their applications
and products using NXP Semiconductors products, and NXP
Semiconductors accepts no liability for any assistance with applications or
customer product design. It is customer’s sole responsibility to determine
whether the NXP Semiconductors product is suitable and fit for the
customer’s applications and products planned, as well as for the planned
application and use of customer’s third party customer(s). Customers should
provide appropriate design and operating safeguards to minimize the risks
associated with their applications and products.
Evaluation products — This product is provided on an “as is” and “with all
faults” basis for evaluation purposes only. NXP Semiconductors, its affiliates
and their suppliers expressly disclaim all warranties, whether express,
implied or statutory, including but not limited to the implied warranties of noninfringement, merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The entire
risk as to the quality, or arising out of the use or performance, of this product
remains with customer.
In no event shall NXP Semiconductors, its affiliates or their suppliers be
liable to customer for any special, indirect, consequential, punitive or
incidental damages (including without limitation damages for loss of
business, business interruption, loss of use, loss of data or information, and
the like) arising out the use of or inability to use the product, whether or not
based on tort (including negligence), strict liability, breach of contract, breach
of warranty or any other theory, even if advised of the possibility of such
damages.
Notwithstanding any damages that customer might incur for any reason
whatsoever (including without limitation, all damages referenced above and
all direct or general damages), the entire liability of NXP Semiconductors, its
affiliates and their suppliers and customer’s exclusive remedy for all of the
foregoing shall be limited to actual damages incurred by customer based on
reasonable reliance up to the greater of the amount actually paid by
customer for the product or five dollars (US$5.00). The foregoing limitations,
exclusions and disclaimers shall apply to the maximum extent permitted by
applicable law, even if any remedy fails of its essential purpose.
5.3 Licenses
Purchase of NXP <xxx> components
<License statement text>
5.4 Patents
Notice is herewith given that the subject device uses one or more of the
following patents and that each of these patents may have corresponding
patents in other jurisdictions.
<Patent ID> — owned by <Company name>
5.5 Trademarks
Notice: All referenced brands, product names, service names and
trademarks are property of their respective owners.
<Name> — is a trademark of NXP B.V.
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Low Noise Fast Turn ON/OFF 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA with BFU730LX
6. List of figures
Fig 1.
Fig 2.
Fig 3.
Fig 4.
Fig 5.
Fig 6.
Fig 7.
Fig 8.
Fig 9.
Fig 10.
Fig 11.
Fig 12.
Fig 13.
BFU730LX Universal Demo Board 2.4-2.5GHz
WiFi LNA EVB Demo Board.............................. 4
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation:
Circuit (Capacitors GRM1555 & Inductors
LQP15).............................................................. 5
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation:
Gain and Match................................................. 6
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation:
Noise Figure...................................................... 7
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation:
Stability ............................................................. 8
BFU730LX Universal Demo Board: Schematic . 9
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Schematic .. 9
BFU730F 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: S-Parameter
........................................................................ 11
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: IP3 ............ 12
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Stability .... 13
LNA Turn ON and Turn OFF time test setup... 14
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Turn ON time
........................................................................ 15
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA: Turn OFF
time ................................................................. 16
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7. List of tables
Table 1.
Table 2.
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Part List ..... 10
Typical results measured on the BFU730LX 2.42.5GHz WiFi LNA Evaluation Board ............... 16
AN11223
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8. Contents
1.
2.
Introduction ......................................................... 3
Requirements and design of the 2.4-2.5GHz
WiFi LNA .............................................................. 4
3.
Design and Simulation ........................................ 5
3.1
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation..... 5
3.2
BFU730LX 2.4-2.5GHz WiFi LNA Simulation
Result ................................................................. 6
3.2.1
Gain and Match in 2.4-2.5GHz Band ................. 6
3.2.2
Noise Figure in 2.4-2.5GHz Band ...................... 7
3.2.3
Stability .............................................................. 8
4.
Application Board ............................................... 8
4.1
Application Circuit Schematic ............................. 9
4.2
Application Board Bill-Of-Material .................... 10
4.3
Typical Application Board Test Result.............. 11
4.3.1
S-Parameter – Gain and Match........................ 11
4.3.2
Linearity/IP3 ..................................................... 12
4.3.3
Stability ............................................................ 13
4.3.4
Noise Figure Measurement .............................. 13
4.3.5
LNA Turn ON/OFF Time .................................. 14
4.3.5.1
LNA Turn ON Time .......................................... 15
4.3.5.2
LNA Turn OFF Time ......................................... 16
4.3.6
Summary Of the Typical Evaluation Board Test
Result ............................................................... 16
5.
Legal information .............................................. 18
5.1
Definitions ........................................................ 18
5.2
Disclaimers....................................................... 18
5.3
Licenses ........................................................... 18
5.4
Patents ............................................................. 18
5.5
Trademarks ...................................................... 18
6.
List of figures..................................................... 19
7.
List of tables ...................................................... 20
8.
Contents ............................................................. 21
Please be aware that important notices concerning this document and the product(s)
described herein, have been included in the section 'Legal information'.
© NXP B.V. 2012.
All rights reserved.
For more information, visit: http://www.nxp.com
For sales office addresses, please send an email to: [email protected]
Date of release: 16 November 2012
Document identifier: AN11223