Advanced Linear Repeater Used in PCIe Gen

Application Report
SNLA227 – October 2014
Advanced Linear Repeater Used in PCIe Gen 3.0 Add-in
Card Compliance Environment
.................................................................................................................... SVA Data Path Solutions
ABSTRACT
This report summarizes the results of PCIe Gen 3.0 add-in card compliance testing using TI’s low-power
12.5 Gbps 8-channel advanced linear repeater. The advanced linear repeater is placed in a mid-channel
configuration between a PCIe Gen 3.0 graphics card and a compliance base board (CBB) and tested for
jitter, eye mask, and TX preset compliance. The results demonstrate the excellent signal conditioning
performance of TI's advanced linear repeaters, including TX FIR transparency, low additive jitter, violationfree eye mask, and compliant preset ratios. This report shows TI's advanced linear repeaters are an ideal
solution to leverage PCIe root complex and end point FIR settings while extending the total channel reach
with high-performance equalization.
Topic
...........................................................................................................................
Page
1
Introduction ........................................................................................................ 2
2
Advanced Linear Repeater Device Configuration ..................................................... 2
3
Parametric Compliance With Advanced Linear Repeater .......................................... 3
4
Eye Diagrams With Advanced Linear Repeater ........................................................ 6
5
Preset Testing With and Without the Advanced Linear Repeater.............................. 12
6
Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 13
Appendix A DS125BR820 Riser Board .......................................................................... 14
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Introduction
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Introduction
The testing carried out in this report is performed on the DS125BR820 low-power 12.5 Gbps 8-channel
repeater which is designed to support PCIe Gen 3.0, 40GbE (40G-CR4/KR4/SR4/LR4), and other
applications up to 12.5 Gbps. The linear nature of the DS125BR820’s equalization allows the root complex
(RC) and end point (EP) to freely negotiate transmit equalizer coefficients during link training. In addition,
low additive jitter and transparency of transmit FIR wave shape allows the DS125BR820 to support PCIe
Gen 3.0 systems. The test results presented in this report are representative of all TI's advanced linear
repeaters supporting PCIe Gen 3.0, including DS80PCI810, DS125BR111, and DS125BR401A (A
channels only).The PCIe compliance test setup used in this report is shown in Figure 1.
PCIe Gen-3
Compliance Base
Board Riser
PCIe Testing
Signal Test 3.2.0
Software
Preset Configuration Control
Scope
Tektronix
DSA71604
Data Flow
PCIe Gen 3.0 (x16 Lane)
¯.QRZQ*RRG°
Golden Graphics Card
TX: Front Side
RX: Back Side
Lane Under Test
TX
PCIe Connector
DS125BR820 Test Riser Card
TX: 2 x DS125BR820 Upstream on Front
RX: 2 x DS125BR820 Downstream on Back
PCIe Connector
Lane Under Test
RX
PCIe Gen-3 Preset
Configuration Control
PCIe Gen-3
Compliance Base
Board Main (CBB)
Figure 1. PCIe Compliance Test Setup With DS125BR820 Repeater
2
Advanced Linear Repeater Device Configuration
The DS125BR820 is configured to operate in pin mode with the voltage output differential (VOD) set to
Level 6, which is the maximum VOD setting possible in pin mode. VOD Level 6 provides the highest
degree of linearity between the input and output. The equalization is configured to the lowest level (EQ
Level 1) since the DS125BR820 is located at a close proximity to the PCIe Gen 3.0 graphics card. The
RXDET pin is set to the “Float” condition allowing auto-detection of the downstream/upstream receiver's
termination.
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Table 1. DS125BR820 Settings Used for Testing
EQ SETTING
VALUE
Level 1
3
VOD SETTING
PIN STRAP
0: 1 kΩ to GND
RXDET
VALUE
PIN STRAP
VALUE
PIN STRAP
Level 6
VODA1 = VODB1 = 1 (1 kΩ to VIH)
VODA0 = VODB0 = 0 (1 kΩ to GND)
Auto termination
detection
F: Floating
Parametric Compliance With Advanced Linear Repeater
The data in Table 2 through Table 4 are extracted using the PCI-SIG SIGtest 3.2.0 software package. The
signal integrity limits are described in the PCIe base specification section 4.3.3.13 and PCIe CEM
specification sections 4.8.3, 4.8.2, and 4.8.1. The results show the system is passing PCIe Gen 3.0 signal
integrity compliance tests at 2.5 Gbps, 5 Gbps, and 8 Gbps, respectively.
Table 2. DS125BR820 Parametric Results at 2.5 Gbps
Sigtest
Overall sigtest result
Pass!
Mean unit interval (ps)
400.026007
Max unit interval (ps)
400.028876
Minimum unit interval (ps)
400.02287
Minimum time between crossovers (ps)
394.249166
Data rate (Gb/s)
2.499837
Per edge RMS jitter (ps)
9.250099
Mean median-to-peak jitter (ps)
30.442272
Max median-to-peak jitter (ps)
39.936779
Minimum median-to-peak jitter (ps)
25.782506
Mean peak-to-peak jitter (ps)
41.950994
Max peak-to-peak jitter (ps)
55.056088
Minimum eye width (ps)
344.973912
Minimum peak-to-peak jitter (ps)
36.186794
Minimum transition eye voltage (V)
–0.528
Maximum transition eye voltage (V)
0.5232
Composite eye height
0.514
Composite eye location
0.5
Minimum transition eye voltage margin above eye (V)
Minimum transition eye voltage margin below eye (V)
Minimum transition eye height (V)
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2.5 Gbps
Default
0
0
0.514
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Parametric Compliance With Advanced Linear Repeater
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Table 3. Parametric Results at 5 Gbps
Sigtest
5 Gbps/ 3.5 dB
Overall sigtest result
4
5 Gbps/ 6 dB
Pass!
Pass!
Mean unit interval (ps)
200.013
200.014
Minimum time between crossovers (ps)
194.598
194.318
Data rate (Gb/s)
5.000
5.000
Max peak-to-peak jitter (ps)
39.550
47.379
Total jitter at BER of 10E–12 (ps)
51.142
60.350
Minimum eye width (ps)
148.858
139.650
Deterministic jitter delta-delta jitter (ps)
11.224
20.226
Random jitter (RMS)
2.839
2.854
Minimum transition eye voltage (V)
–0.451
–0.446
Maximum transition eye voltage (V)
0.451
0.444
Minimum non-transition eye voltage (V)
–0.430
–0.389
Maximum non-transition eye voltage (V)
0.422
0.391
Composite eye height
0.622
0.474
Composite eye location
0.500
0.500
Minimum transition eye voltage margin above eye (V)
0.158
0.196
Minimum transition eye voltage margin below eye (V)
–0.165
–0.212
Minimum transition eye height (V)
0.703
0.714
Minimum non-transition eye voltage margin above eye (V)
0.120
0.106
Minimum non-transition eye voltage margin below eye (V)
–0.122
–0.108
Minimum non-transition eye height (V)
0.622
0.474
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Table 4. Parametric Results at 8 Gbps
Sigtest
Preset 0
Preset 1
Preset 2
Preset 3
Preset 4
Preset 5
Preset 6
Preset 7
Preset 8
Preset 9
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Pass!
Mean unit interval (ps)
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
125.009
Minimum time between crossovers (ps)
106.483
Overall sigtest result
Preset 10
103.747
102.102
101.657
99.746
96.609
104.313
103.616
106.528
107.018
107.702
Data rate (Gb/s)
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
7.999
Max peak-to-peak jitter (ps)
41.982
34.513
35.779
29.913
34.530
33.297
34.705
40.480
37.045
39.537
45.913
Total jitter at BER of 10E–12 (ps)
42.241
34.064
36.182
30.021
33.913
33.068
33.225
40.147
37.016
39.212
45.487
Minimum eye width (ps)
82.759
90.936
88.818
94.979
91.087
91.932
91.775
84.853
87.984
85.788
79.513
Deterministic jitter delta-delta jitter (ps)
34.722
27.095
28.850
23.201
27.383
26.387
26.622
32.727
29.967
32.198
37.752
Random jitter (RMS)
0.535
0.496
0.522
0.485
0.464
0.475
0.470
0.528
0.501
0.499
0.550
Minimum transition eye voltage (V)
–0.177
–0.189
–0.190
–0.190
–0.198
–0.185
–0.176
–0.163
–0.163
–0.150
–0.142
Maximum transition eye voltage (V)
0.170
0.183
0.184
0.184
0.198
0.185
0.176
0.158
0.159
0.147
0.139
Minimum non-transition eye voltage (V)
–0.175
–0.189
–0.193
–0.192
–0.201
–0.191
–0.178
–0.163
–0.163
–0.152
–0.142
Maximum non-transition eye voltage (V)
0.171
0.184
0.186
0.187
0.200
0.187
0.178
0.157
0.158
0.150
0.139
Composite eye height
0.116
0.134
0.133
0.139
0.137
0.147
0.135
0.124
0.131
0.119
0.091
Composite eye location
0.448
0.444
0.444
0.436
0.464
0.448
0.464
0.500
0.480
0.452
0.480
Minimum transition eye voltage margin
above eye (V)
0.039
0.044
0.044
0.046
0.045
0.049
0.042
0.037
0.039
0.036
0.026
Minimum transition eye voltage margin below
eye (V)
–0.043
–0.047
–0.046
–0.049
–0.044
–0.050
–0.045
–0.041
–0.043
–0.034
–0.027
Minimum transition eye height (V)
0.132
0.142
0.141
0.145
0.139
0.149
0.137
0.129
0.132
0.120
0.103
Minimum non-transition eye voltage margin
above eye (V)
0.043
0.053
0.050
0.054
0.054
0.064
0.058
0.049
0.052
0.042
0.026
Minimum non-transition eye voltage margin
below eye (V)
–0.042
–0.051
–0.050
–0.052
–0.056
–0.063
–0.056
–0.052
–0.053
–0.039
–0.031
Minimum non-transition eye height (V)
0.135
0.154
0.151
0.156
0.160
0.177
0.163
0.151
0.155
0.131
0.108
7
6
7
5
3
4
3
7
5
3
7
CTLE equalization index
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Eye Diagrams With Advanced Linear Repeater
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Eye Diagrams With Advanced Linear Repeater
The data in the following sections show eye diagram test results for 2.5 Gbps, 5 Gbps, and 8 Gbps as
analyzed by the PCI-SIG SIGtest 3.2.0 software package and the PCIe CEM specification requirements.
For more details, see sections 4.8.1, 4.8.2, and 4.8.3 of the PCIe CEM 3.0 specification.
4.1
Eye Diagram at 2.5 Gbps
Table 5. Eye Requirements at 2.5 Gbps
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
514
1200
mVp-p
De-Emphasized Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
360
1200
mVp-p
Minimum Eye Width
287
Median-to-Max Jitter Outlier
ps
56.6
ps
Figure 2. Default Eye Diagram at 2.5 Gbps
4.2
Eye Diagrams at 5 Gbps
Table 6. Eye Requirements at 5.0 Gbps at 3.5 dB De-emphasis
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
380
1200
mVp-p
De-Emphasized Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
380
1200
mVp-p
Minimum Eye Width with Crosstalk
123
ps
Minimum Eye Width without Crosstalk
126
ps
Table 7. Jitter Requirements at 5.0 Gbps at 3.5 dB De-emphasis
6
Condition
Max Rj (ps RMS)
Max Dj (ps)
Tj at BER 10E-12 (ps)
With Crosstalk
1.4
57
77
Without Crosstalk
1.4
54
74
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Table 8. Eye Requirements at 5.0 Gbps at 6.0 dB De-emphasis
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
306
1200
mVp-p
De-Emphasized Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
260
1200
mVp-p
Minimum Eye Width with Crosstalk
123
ps
Minimum Eye Width without Crosstalk
126
ps
Table 9. Jitter Requirements at 5.0 Gbps at 6.0 dB De-emphasis
4.2.1
Condition
Max Rj (ps RMS)
Max Dj (ps)
Tj at BER 10E-12 (ps)
With Crosstalk
1.4
57
77
Without Crosstalk
1.4
54
74
Transition Eye Diagrams at 5 Gbps
With 3.5-dB De-Emphasis
With 6-dB De-Emphasis
Figure 3. Transition Eye Diagram at 5 Gbps
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Eye Diagrams With Advanced Linear Repeater
4.2.2
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Non-Transition Eye Diagrams
With 3.5-dB De-Emphasis
With 6-dB De-Emphasis
Figure 4. Non-Transition Eye Diagram at 5 Gbps
4.3
Eye Diagrams at 8 Gbps
Table 10. Eye Requirements at 8.0 Gbps
4.3.1
Parameter
Min
Max
Unit
Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
34
1200
mVp-p
De-Emphasized Differential Peak to Peak Voltage
34
1200
mVp-p
Minimum Eye Width
41.25
ps
Transition Eye Diagrams at 8 Gbps Using Preset 0 Through 10
Preset 0
Preset 1
Preset 2
Figure 5. Transition Eye Diagrams
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Preset 3
Preset 4
Preset 5
Figure 6. Transition Eye Diagrams
Preset 6
Preset 7
Preset 8
Figure 7. Transition Eye Diagrams
Preset 9
Preset 10
Figure 8. Transition Eye Diagrams
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Eye Diagrams With Advanced Linear Repeater
4.3.2
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Non-Transition Eye Diagrams at 8 Gbps Using Preset 0 Through 10
Preset 0
Preset 1
Preset 2
Figure 9. Non-Transition Eye Diagrams
Preset 3
Preset 4
Preset 5
Figure 10. Non-Transition Eye Diagrams
Preset 6
Preset 7
Preset 8
Figure 11. Non-Transition Eye Diagrams
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Preset 9
Preset 10
Figure 12. Non-Transition Eye Diagrams
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Preset Testing With and Without the Advanced Linear Repeater
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Preset Testing With and Without the Advanced Linear Repeater
Table 11 defines the presets from section 4.3.3.5.2 of the PCI Express Base Specification 3.0. Figure 13
shows the preset results with the advanced linear repeater inserted in the data path. Figure 14 shows the
preset results for the golden graphics card without the DS125BR820. The difference between Preset 1 for
the golden graphics card versus Preset 1 with the DS125BR820 is approximately 0.7 dB. Table 12
summarizes the delta observed when using Preset 1 and Preset 9 with and without the DS125BR820
inserted.
It is normal to expect some change in the measured preset de-emphasis and preshoot values when
comparing the source output directly versus the output of the DS125BR820 repeater plus some channel.
The advanced linear repeaters devices do not create de-emphasis or preshoot on their own. Rather, TI's
advanced linear repeaters are designed to be transparent to the de-emphasis and preshoot present at
their input with minimum distortion through the repeater. This transparency evident in Figure 13 and
Figure 14 makes TI's advanced linear repeaters an ideal candidate for systems that rely heavily on the
root complex and endpoint de-emphasis and preshoot capabilities.
Table 11. Tx Preset Ratios and Corresponding Coefficient Values
Preset Number
Preshoot (dB)
De-emphasis (dB)
c-1
c+1
Va/Vd
Vb/Vd
Vc/Vd
P4
0.0
0.0
0.000
0.000
1.000
1.000
1.000
P1
0.0
-3.5 ± 1
0.000
-0.167
1.000
0.668
0.668
P0
0.0
-6.0 ± 1.5
0.000
-0.250
1.000
0.500
0.500
P9
3.5 ± 1
0.0
-0.166
0.000
0.688
0.688
1.000
P8
3.5 ± 1
-3.5 ± 1
-0.125
-0.125
0.750
0.500
0.750
P7
3.5 ± 1
-6.0 ± 1.5
-0.100
-0.200
0.800
0.400
0.600
P5
1.9 ± 1
0.0
-0.100
0.000
0.800
0.800
1.000
P6
2.5 ± 1
0.0
-0.125
0.000
0.750
0.750
1.000
P3
0.0
-2.5 ± 1
0.000
-0.125
1.000
0.750
0.750
P2
0.0
-4.4 ± 1.5
0.000
-0.200
1.000
0.600
0.600
P10
0.0
See Note (1)
0.000
See Note (1)
1.000
See Note (1)
See Note (1)
(1)
P10 boost limits are not fixed, since its de-emphasis level is a function of the LF level that the Tx advertises during training. See
the PCI Express Base Specification 3.0 for more details.
Figure 13. Preset Testing With DS125BR820 Inserted in Data Path
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Conclusions
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Figure 14. Preset Testing for Golden Graphics Card Only
Table 12. Preset Analysis With and Without DS125BR820
CONDITION
6
PRESET 1 (De-Emphasis)
PRESET 9 (Preshoot)
1
Graphic card + DS125BR820
–2.95 dB
2.98 dB
2
Graphics card only
–3.72 dB
3.74 dB
Delta between condition 1 and condition 2
0.77 dB
0.76 dB
Conclusions
The tests in this report demonstrate compliance to PCIe Gen 3.0 add-in card CEM specifications with TI's
advanced linear repeater used as a mid-channel repeater. The advanced linear repeater is ideal for PCIe
Gen 3.0 applications that require low-additive jitter, preservation of transmit FIR wave shape, and
violation-free eye mask. Using the available equalization settings, the advanced linear repeater offers
superior link extension while maintaining signal quality and preset transparency.
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Appendix A DS125BR820 Riser Board
Downstream
EQx0 (1-2-3)
EQx1 (4-5-6)
Upstream
VODx0 (1-2-3)
VODx1 (4-5-6)
Upstream
EQx0 (1-2-3)
EQx1 (4-5-6)
Downstream
VODx0 (1-2-3)
VODx1 (4-5-6)
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