Sample & Buy Product Folder Support & Community Tools & Software Technical Documents Reference Design PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 PCM1808 Single-Ended, Analog-Input 24-Bit, 96-kHz Stereo ADC 1 Features 2 Applications • • • • • • • • • • 1 • • • • • • • • • 24-Bit Delta-Sigma Stereo A/D Converter (ADC) Single-Ended Voltage Input: 3 Vp-p High Performance: – THD+N: –93 dB (Typical) – SNR: 99 dB (Typical) – Dynamic Range: 99 dB (Typical) Oversampling Decimation Filter: – Oversampling Frequency: ×64 – Pass-Band Ripple: ±0.05 dB – Stop-Band Attenuation: –65 dB – On-Chip High-Pass Filter: 0.91 Hz (48 kHz) Flexible PCM Audio Interface – Master- or Slave-Mode Selectable – Data Formats: 24-Bit I2S, 24-Bit Left-Justified Power Down and Reset by Halting System Clock Analog Antialias LPF Included Sampling Rate: 8 kHz–96 kHz System Clock: 256 fS, 384 fS, 512 fS Resolution: 24 Bits Dual Power Supplies: – 5-V for Analog – 3.3-V for Digital Package: 14-Pin TSSOP DVD Recorder Digital TV AV Amplifier or Receiver MD Player CD Recorder Multitrack Receiver Electric Musical Instrument 3 Description The PCM1808 device is a high-performance, lowcost, single-chip, stereo analog-to-digital converter with single-ended analog voltage input. The PCM1808 device uses a delta-sigma modulator with 64-times oversampling and includes a digital decimation filter and high-pass filter that removes the dc component of the input signal. For various applications, the PCM1808 device supports master and slave mode and two data formats in serial audio interface. The PCM1808 device supports the power-down and reset functions by means of halting the system clock. The PCM1808 device is suitable for wide variety of cost-sensitive consumer applications requiring good performance and operation with a 5-V analog supply and 3.3-V digital supply. Fabrication of the PCM1808 device uses a highly advanced CMOS process. The device is available in a small, 14-pin TSSOP package. Device Information(1) PART NUMBER PCM1808 PACKAGE TSSOP (14) BODY SIZE (NOM) 4.40 mm × 5.00 mm (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the datasheet. PCM1808 Block Diagram VINL VREF VINR Antialias LPF Delta-Sigma Modulator 1 / 64 Decimation Filter With High-Pass Filter Reference Antialias LPF Delta-Sigma Modulator 1 Power Supply 1 VCC AGND DGND Serial Interface BCK LRCK DOUT Mode/ Format Control FMT MD1 MD0 Clock and Timing Control SCKI VDD An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA. PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 Features .................................................................. Applications ........................................................... Description ............................................................. Revision History..................................................... Pin Configuration and Functions ......................... Specifications......................................................... 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 7 1 1 1 2 3 4 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... 4 ESD Ratings ............................................................ 4 Recommended Operating Conditions....................... 4 Thermal Information ................................................. 5 Electrical Characteristics........................................... 5 Timing Requirements ................................................ 7 Typical Characteristics ............................................ 11 Detailed Description ............................................ 14 7.1 Overview ................................................................. 14 7.2 Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 14 7.3 Feature Description................................................. 14 7.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 17 8 Application and Implementation ........................ 19 8.1 Application Information............................................ 19 8.2 Typical Application ................................................. 19 9 Power Supply Recommendations...................... 21 10 Layout................................................................... 21 10.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 21 10.2 Layout Example .................................................... 22 11 Device and Documentation Support ................. 23 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Community Resources.......................................... Trademarks ........................................................... Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................ Glossary ................................................................ 23 23 23 23 12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information ........................................................... 23 4 Revision History Changes from Revision A (August 2006) to Revision B • 2 Page Added ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section. ................................................................................................. 1 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 5 Pin Configuration and Functions 14-Pin TSSOP PW Package Top View VREF AGND VCC VDD DGND SCKI LRCK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 VINR VINL FMT MD1 MD0 DOUT BCK P0032-02 Pin Functions PIN I/O DESCRIPTION NAME PIN AGND 2 — Analog GND BCK 8 I/O Audio-data bit-clock input or output DGND 5 — Digital GND DOUT 9 O Audio-data digital output FMT 12 I Audio-interface format select LRCK 7 I/O MD0 10 I Audio-interface mode select 0 (2) MD1 11 I Audio-interface mode select 1 (2) SCKI 6 I System clock input; 256 fS, 384 fS or 512 fS VCC 3 — Analog power supply, 5-V VDD 4 — Digital power supply, 3.3-V VINL 13 I Analog input, L-channel VINR 14 I Analog input, R-channel VREF 1 — (1) (2) (3) (1) (2) Audio-data latch-enable input or output (1) (3) Reference-voltage decoupling (= 0.5 VCC) Schmitt-trigger input with internal pulldown (50-kΩ, typical) Schmitt-trigger input with internal pulldown (50-kΩ, typical), 5-V tolerant Schmitt-trigger input, 5-V tolerant Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 3 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com 6 Specifications 6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings over operating ambient temperature range (unless otherwise noted) VCC Analog supply voltage VDD Digital supply voltage MIN MAX –0.3 6.5 V –0.3 Ground voltage differences Digital input voltage VINL, VINR, VREF (1) AGND, DGND UNIT 4 V ±0.1 V LRCK, BCK, DOUT –0.3 (VDD + 0.3 V) < 4 V SCKI, MD0, MD1, FMT –0.3 6.5 V –0.3 (VCC + 0.3 V) < 6.5 V Analog input voltage Input current (any pins except supplies) ±10 mA TJ Junction temperature 150 °C Tstg Storage temperature 150 °C (1) –55 Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 6.2 ESD Ratings VALUE V(ESD) (1) (2) Electrostatic discharge Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001, all pins (1) ±4000 Charged-device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101, all pins (2) ±1500 UNIT V JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. 6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions over operating ambient temperature range (unless otherwise noted) MIN NOM MAX UNIT VCC Analog supply voltage (see Power Supply Recommendations) 4.5 5 5.5 V VDD Digital supply voltage 2.7 3.3 3.6 V 3 Vp-p VIH (1) Analog input voltage, full scale (–0 dB) High input logic level VCC = 5 V 2 VDD VDC VIL (1) Low input logic level 0 0.8 VDC VIH (2) (3) High input logic level 2 5.5 VDC VIL (2) (3) Low input logic level 0 0.8 VDC 2.048 49.152 MHz 8 96 kHz 20 pF 85 °C 150 °C Digital input logic family TTL compatible Digital input clock frequency, system clock Digital input clock frequency, sampling clock Digital output load capacitance TA Operating ambient temperature range TJ Junction temperature (1) (2) (3) 4 –40 Pins 7, 8: LRCK, BCK (Schmitt-trigger input, with 50-kΩ typical pulldown resistor, in slave mode) Pin 6: SCKI (Schmitt-trigger input, 5-V tolerant) Pins 10–12: MD0, MD1, FMT (Schmitt-trigger input, with 50-kΩ typical pulldown resistor, 5-V tolerant) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 6.4 Thermal Information PCM1808 THERMAL METRIC (1) PW (TSSOP) UNIT 14 PINS RθJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance 89.4 °C/W RθJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 25.6 °C/W RθJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance 30.3 °C/W ψJT Junction-to-top characterization parameter 1.4 °C/W ψJB Junction-to-board characterization parameter 29.8 °C/W RθJC(bot) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance N/A °C/W (1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953. 6.5 Electrical Characteristics All specifications at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5 V, VDD = 3.3 V, master mode, fS = 48 kHz, system clock = 512 fS, 24-bit data, unless otherwise noted PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN Resolution TYP MAX 24 UNIT Bits DATA FORMAT I2S, left-justified Audio data interface format Audio data bit length 24 Audio data format fS Sampling frequency System clock frequency Bits MSB-first, 2s complement 8 48 96 256 fS 2.048 12.288 24.576 384 fS 3.072 18.432 36.864 512 fS 4.096 24.576 49.152 kHz MHz INPUT LOGIC VIH (1) High input logic level 2 VDD VDC VIL (1) Low input logic level 0 0.8 VDC VIH (2) (3) High input logic level 2 5.5 VDC VIL (2) (3) Low input logic level 0 0.8 VDC ±10 µA IIH (2) High input logic current VIN = VDD IIL (2) Low input logic current VIN = 0 V IIH (1) (3) High input logic current VIN = VDD IIL (1) (3) Low input logic current VIN = 0 V 65 ±10 µA 100 µA ±10 µA OUTPUT LOGIC VOH (4) High output logic level IOUT = –4 mA VOL (4) Low output logic level IOUT = 4 mA 2.8 VDC 0.5 VDC DC ACCURACY (1) (2) (3) (4) Gain mismatch, channel-to-channel ±1 ±3 % of FSR Gain error ±3 ±6 % of FSR Pins 7, 8: LRCK, BCK (Schmitt-trigger input, with 50-kΩ typical pulldown resistor, in slave mode) Pin 6: SCKI (Schmitt-trigger input, 5-V tolerant) Pins 10–12: MD0, MD1, FMT (Schmitt-trigger input, with 50-kΩ typical pulldown resistor, 5-V tolerant) Pins 7–9: LRCK, BCK (in master mode), DOUT Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 5 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com Electrical Characteristics (continued) All specifications at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5 V, VDD = 3.3 V, master mode, fS = 48 kHz, system clock = 512 fS, 24-bit data, unless otherwise noted PARAMETER DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE TEST CONDITIONS MIN VIN = –0.5 dB, fS = 48 kHz THD+N Total harmonic distortion + noise (6) VIN = –0.5 dB, fS = 96 kHz MAX –93 –87 UNIT fS = 96 kHz, A-weighted (6) fS = 96 kHz, A-weighted (6) fS = 96 kHz 99 dBVDC 101 95 (6) fS = 48 kHz Channel separation –39 95 fS = 48 kHz, A-weighted Signal-to-noise ratio dB –37 fS = 48 kHz, A-weighted Dynamic range –87 VIN = –60 dB, fS = 48 kHz VIN = –60 dB, fS = 96 kHz S/N TYP (5) 99 dB 101 93 (6) 97 dB 91 ANALOG INPUT Input voltage 0.6 VCC Vp-p Center voltage (VREF) 0.5 VCC V Input impedance Antialiasing filter frequency response –3 dB 60 kΩ 1.3 MHz DIGITAL FILTER PERFORMANCE Pass band 0.454 fS Stop band 0.583 fS Hz Pass-band ripple ±0.05 Stop-band attenuation –65 Delay time Hz dB dB 17.4 / fS HPF frequency response 0.019 fS / 1000 –3 dB POWER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS ICC Analog supply current (7) fS = 48 kHz, 96 kHz Powered down (6) (8) fS = 48 kHz IDD Digital supply current (7) fS = 96 kHz (6) fS = 96 kHz (5) (6) (7) (8) 6 8 mA μA (6) 77 (8) mA 150 62 Powered down mA 10.2 (8) fS = 48 kHz (7) 11 1 5.9 Powered down Power dissipation 8.6 500 µA 81 mW µW Testing of analog performance specifications uses an audio measurement system by Audio Precision™ with 400-Hz HPF and 20-kHz LPF in RMS mode. fS = 96 kHz, system clock = 256 fS. Minimum load on LRCK (pin 7), BCK (pin 8), DOUT (pin 9) Power-down and reset functions enabled by halting SCKI, BCK, LRCK. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 6.6 Timing Requirements MIN NOM MAX UNIT SYSTEM CLOCK TIMING tw(SCKH) System clock pulse duration, HIGH 8 ns tw(SCKL) System clock pulse duration, LOW 8 ns System clock duty cycle 40% 60% CLOCK-HALT POWER-DOWN AND RESET TIMING t(CKR) Delay time from SCKI halt to internal reset 4 µs t(RST) Delay time from SCKI resume to reset release 1024 SCKI µs t(REL) Delay time from reset release to DOUT output 8960 / fS µs AUDIO DATA INTERFACE TIMING (Slave Mode: LRCK and BCK Work as Inputs) (1) t(BCKP) BCK period 1 / (64 fS) ns t(BCKH) BCK pulse duration, HIGH 1.5 × t(SCKI) ns t(BCKL) BCK pulse duration, LOW 1.5 × t(SCKI) ns t(LRSU) LRCK setup time to BCK rising edge 50 ns t(LRHD) LRCK hold time to BCK rising edge 10 ns t(LRCP) LRCH period 10 t(CKDO) Delay time, BCK falling edge to DOUT valid –10 40 ns t(LRDO) Delay time, LRCK edge to DOUT valid –10 40 ns tr Rise time of all signals 20 ns tf Fall time of all signals 20 ns AUDIO DATA INTERFACE TIMING (Master Mode: LRCK and BCK Work as Outputs) µs (2) t(BCKP) BCK period 2000 ns t(BCKH) BCK pulse duration, HIGH 150 65 1200 ns t(BCKL) BCK pulse duration, LOW 65 1200 ns t(CKLR) Delay time, BCK falling edge to LRCK valid t(LRCP) LRCK period t(CKDO) Delay time, BCK falling edge to DOUT valid t(LRDO) Delay time, LRCK edge to DOUT valid tr Rise time of all signals tf Fall time of all signals (1) (2) (3) –10 20 ns 125 ns –10 20 ns –10 20 ns 20 ns 20 ns 30 ns 10 AUDIO CLOCK INTERFACE TIMING (Master Mode: BCK Work as Outputs) t(SCKBCK) 1 / (64 fS) 1 / fS (3) Delay time, SCKI rising edge to BCK edge 5 Timing measurement reference level is 1.4 V for input and 0.5 VDD for output. Rise and fall times are from 10% to 90% of the inputoutput signal swing. Load capacitance of DOUT is 20 pF. t(SCKI) is the SCKI period. Timing measurement reference level is 0.5 VDD. Rise and fall times are from 10% to 90% of the input-output signal swing. Load capacitance of all signals is 20 pF. Timing measurement reference level is 1.4 V for input and 0.5 VDD for output. Load capacitance of BCK is 20 pF. This timing applies when SCKI frequency is less than 25 MHz. t w(SCKH) t w(SCKL) SCKI 2V SCKI 0.8 V Figure 1. System Clock Timing Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 7 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 VDD www.ti.com 2.6 V 2.2 V 1.8 V Reset Reset Release Internal Reset Operation 1024 System Clocks 8960/fS System Clock DOUT Zero Data Normal Data Fade-In Complete Fade-In Start DOUT BPZ (Contents) 48/fIN or 48/fS Figure 2. Power-On Timing 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 SCKI Halt SCKI Resume Fixed to Low or High SCKI Reset: t(RST) t(CKR) Clock-Halt Reset Internal Reset Operation DOUT Normal Data Reset Release: t(REL) Operation Normal Data Zero Data Fade-In Complete Fade-In Start DOUT BPZ (Contents) Normal Data 48/fIN or 48/fS Figure 3. Clock-Halt Power-Down and Reset Timing t (LRCP) 1.4 V LRCK t (BCKL) t (BCKH) t (LRSU) t (LRHD) 1.4 V BCK t (BCKP) t (CKDO) t (LRDO) DOUT Figure 4. Audio Data Interface Timing (Slave Mode: LRCK and BCK Work as Inputs) Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 9 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com t (LRCP) LRCK 0.5 VDD t (BCKL) t (BCKH) t (CKLR) 0.5 VDD BCK t (CKDO) t (BCKP) t ( LRDO) 10 DOUT 0.5 VDD Figure 5. Audio Data Interface Timing (Master Mode: LRCK and BCK Work as Outputs) 1.4 V SCKI t (SCKBCK) t (SCKBCK) 0.5 V DD BCK Figure 6. Audio Clock Interface Timing (Master Mode: BCK Works as Output) 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 6.7 Typical Characteristics All specifications at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5 V, VDD = 3.3 V, master mode, fS = 48 kHz, system clock = 512 fS, 24-bit data, unless otherwise noted. 0 50 −10 −20 Amplitude − dB Amplitude − dB 0 −50 −100 −30 −40 −50 −60 −70 −80 −150 −90 −200 0 8 16 24 −100 0.00 32 Normalized Frequency [×fS ] 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 Frequency [ ×fS ] G001 G002 Figure 8. Decimation-Filter Frequency Response Stop-Band Attenuation Characteristics Figure 7. Decimation-Filter Frequency Response Overall Characteristics 0.2 0 −1 −2 −0.2 Amplitude − dB Amplitude − dB 0.0 −0.4 −0.6 −3 –4.13 dB at 0.5 fS −4 −5 −6 −7 −8 −0.8 −9 −1.0 0.0 −10 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 Normalized Frequency [× f S] 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.6 Normalized Frequency [× fS ] G003 G004 Figure 10. Decimation-Filter Frequency Response Transition-Band Characteristics Figure 9. Decimation-Filter Frequency Response Pass-Band Ripple Characteristics 0 0.2 −10 0.0 −30 Amplitude − dB Amplitude − dB −20 −40 −50 −60 −70 −80 −0.2 −0.4 −0.6 −0.8 −90 −100 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 Normalized Frequency [× fS /1000] 0.4 −1.0 0 Figure 11. High-Pass Filter Frequency Response HPF Stop-Band Characteristics 1 2 3 Normalized Frequency [× fS /1000] G005 4 G006 Figure 12. High-Pass Filter Frequency Response HPF Stop-Band Characteristics Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 11 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com Typical Characteristics (continued) −87 105 −88 104 Dynamic Range and SNR − dB THD + N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − dB All specifications at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5 V, VDD = 3.3 V, master mode, fS = 48 kHz, system clock = 512 fS, 24-bit data, unless otherwise noted. −89 −90 −91 −92 −93 −94 −95 −96 −97 −50 −25 0 25 50 75 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C 99 98 97 96 0 25 50 75 100 G008 104 −89 −90 −91 −92 −93 −94 −95 −96 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.50 103 102 101 Dynamic Range 100 SNR 99 98 97 96 95 4.25 5.75 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 VCC – Supply Voltage – V G009 5.50 5.75 G010 Figure 16. Dynamic Range and SNR vs Supply Voltage Figure 15. THD+N vs Supply Voltage 105 −88 104 Dynamic Range and SNR − dB −87 −89 −90 −91 −92 −93 −94 −96 −25 Figure 14. Dynamic Range and SNR vs Temperature −88 −95 Dynamic Range SNR 105 Dynamic Range and SNR − dB THD + N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − dB 100 G007 VCC – Supply Voltage – V THD + N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − dB 101 TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C Figure 13. THD+N vs Temperature (1) System Clock = 384 f S (2) System Clock = 512 f S (3) System Clock = 256 f S Dynamic Range ▲ SNR 103 102 101 100 99 ▲ ▲ 98 97 96 (1) System Clock = 384 f S (2) System Clock = 512 f S (3) System Clock = 256 f S 95 −97 44.1 (1) 96 (3) 48 (2) f SAMPLE Condition − kHz 44.1 (1) 96 (3) 48 (2) f SAMPLE Condition − kHz G011 Figure 17. THD+N vs fSAMPLE Condition 12 102 95 −50 100 −87 −97 4.25 103 G012 Figure 18. Dynamic Range and SNR vs fSAMPLE Condition Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 Typical Characteristics (continued) All specifications at TA = 25°C, VCC = 5 V, VDD = 3.3 V, master mode, fS = 48 kHz, system clock = 512 fS, 24-bit data, unless otherwise noted. 0 0 Input Level = −0.5 dB Data Points = 8192 −20 −40 Amplitude − dB Amplitude − dB −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 −60 −80 −100 −120 −140 −140 0 5 10 15 20 f − Frequency − kHz 0 5 10 15 20 f − Frequency − kHz G013 Figure 19. Output Spectrum (–0.5 dB, N = 8192) G014 Figure 20. Output Spectrum (–60 dB, N = 8192) 15 0 I CC and I DD − Supply Current − mA THD + N − Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise − dB Input Level = −60 dB Data Points = 8192 −20 −10 −20 −30 −40 −50 −60 −70 −80 −90 −100 −100 −90 −80 −70 −60 −50 −40 −30 −20 −10 Signal Level − dB Figure 21. Output Spectrum THD+N vs Signal Level ICC IDD 10 5 (1) System Clock = 384 f S (2) System Clock = 512 f S (3) System Clock = 256 f S 0 44.1 (1) 0 48 (2) f SAMPLE Condition − kHz G015 96 (3) G016 Figure 22. Supply Current vs fSAMPLE Condition Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 13 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com 7 Detailed Description 7.1 Overview The PCM1808 is high-performance, low-cost, single-chip, stereo analog-to-digital converter with single-ended analog voltage input. The PCM1808 uses a delta-sigma modulator with 64-times oversampling and includes a digital decimation filter and high-pass filter that removes the dc component of the input signal. For various applications, the PCM1808 supports master and slave mode and two data formats in serial audio interface up to 96-kHz sampling. These features are controlled through hardware by pulling pins high or low with resistors or a controller GPIO. The PCM1808 also supports a power-down and reset function by means of halting the system clock. 7.2 Functional Block Diagram Antialias LPF VINL VREF Delta-Sigma Modulator 1 / 64 Decimation Filter With High-Pass Filter Reference Antialias LPF VINR Delta-Sigma Modulator 1 AGND DGND BCK LRCK DOUT Mode/ Format Control FMT MD1 MD0 Power Supply VCC Serial Interface Clock and Timing Control SCKI VDD 7.3 Feature Description 7.3.1 Hardware Control Pins FMT, MD0, and MD1 allow the device to be controlled by either pullup or pulldown resistors as well as GPIO from a digital IC. These controls allow the option of switching between I2S or left-justified, and in which interface mode the device operates. 7.3.2 System Clock The PCM1808 device supports 256 fS, 384 fS, and 512 fS as system clock, where fS is the audio sampling frequency. The system clock input must be on SCKI (pin 6). The PCM1808 device has a system-clock detection circuit which automatically senses if the system-clock operation is at 256 fS, 384 fS, or 512 fS in slave mode. In master mode, control of the system clock frequency must be through the serial control port, which uses MD1 (pin 11) and MD0 (pin 10). An internal circuit automatically divides down the system clock to generate frequencies of 128 fS and 64 fS, which operate the digital filter and the delta-sigma modulator, respectively. Table 1 shows some typical relationships between sampling frequency and system clock frequency, and Figure 1 shows system clock timing. Table 1. Sampling Frequency and System Clock Frequency SAMPLING FREQUENCY (kHz) 14 SYSTEM CLOCK FREQUENCY (fSCLK) (MHz) 256 fS 384 fS 512 fS 8 2.048 3.072 4.096 16 4.096 6.144 8.192 32 8.192 12.288 16.384 44.1 11.2896 16.9344 22.5792 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 Feature Description (continued) Table 1. Sampling Frequency and System Clock Frequency (continued) SAMPLING FREQUENCY (kHz) SYSTEM CLOCK FREQUENCY (fSCLK) (MHz) 256 fS 384 fS 512 fS 48 12.288 18.432 24.576 64 16.384 24.576 32.768 88.2 22.5792 33.8688 45.1584 96 24.576 36.864 49.152 7.3.3 Synchronization With Digital Audio System In slave mode, the PCM1808 device operates under LRCK (pin 7), synchronized with system clock SCKI (pin 6). The PCM1808 device does not require a specific phase relationship between LRCK and SCKI, but does require the synchronization of LRCK and SCKI. If the relationship between LRCK and SCKI changes more than ±6 BCKs for 64 BCK/frame (±5 BCKs for 48 BCK/frame) during one sample period due to LRCK or SCKI jitter, internal operation of the ADC halts within 1 / fS and digital output goes to zero data (BPZ code) until resynchronization between LRCK and SCKI occurs. In the case of changes less than ±5 BCKs for 64 BCK/frame (±4 BCKs for 48 BCK/frame), resynchronization does not occur, and the previously described digital output control and discontinuity do not occur. Figure 23 illustrates the digital output response for loss of synchronization and resynchronization. During undefined data, the PCM1808 device can generate some noise in the audio signal. Also, the transition of normal data to undefined data creates a discontinuity in the digital output data, which can generate some noise in the audio signal. The digital output is valid after resynchronization completes and the time of 32 / fS has elapsed. Because the fade-in operation is performed, it takes additional time of 48 / fin or 48 / fS to obtain the level corresponding to the analog input signal. In the case of loss of synchronization during the fade-in or fade-out operation, the operation stops and DOUT (pin 9) goes to zero data immediately. The fade-in operation resumes from mute after the time of 32 / fS following resynchronization. Resynchronization Resynchronization Synchronization Lost Synchronization Lost State of Synchronization Synchronous Asynchronous 1/fS DOUT Normal Data Asynchronous Synchronous Synchronous 32/fS Undefined Data Zero Data Normal Data Zero Data Normal Data Fade-In Complete Fade-In Start DOUT BPZ (Contents) Fade-In Restart Normal Data 32/fS 48/fin or 48/fS 48/fin or 48/fS Figure 23. ADC Digital Output for Loss of Synchronization and Resynchronization Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 15 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com 7.3.4 Power On The PCM1808 device has an internal power-on-reset circuit, and initialization (reset) occurs automatically when the power supply (VDD) exceeds 2.2 V (typical). While VDD < 2.2 V (typical), and for 1024 system-clock counts after VDD > 2.2 V (typical), the PCM1808 device stays in the reset state and the digital output remains zero. After release of the reset state, 8960 / fS seconds must pass before the digital output becomes valid. Because of the performing of the fade-in operation, it takes additional time of 48 / fin or 48 / fS to obtain the data corresponding to the analog input signal. Figure 2 illustrates the power-on timing and the digital output. 7.3.5 Serial Audio Data Interface The PCM1808 device interfaces the audio system through LRCK (pin 7), BCK (pin 8), and DOUT (pin 9). 7.3.5.1 Interface Mode MD1 (pin 11) and MD0 (pin 10) select master mode and slave mode as interface modes, both of which the PCM1808 device supports.Table 2 shows the interface-mode selections. It is necessary to set MD1 and MD0 prior to power on. In master mode, the PCM1808 device provides the timing of serial audio data communications between the PCM1808 device and the digital audio processor or external circuit. While in slave mode, the PCM1808 device receives the timing for data transfer from an external controller. Table 2. Interface Modes MD1 (PIN 11) MD0 (PIN 10) Low Low Slave mode (256 fS, 384 fS, 512 fS autodetection) INTERFACE MODE Low High Master mode (512 fS) High Low Master mode (384 fS) High High Master mode (256 fS) 7.3.5.1.1 Master Mode In master mode, BCK and LRCK work as output pins, timing which from the clock circuit of the PCM1808 device controls these pins. The frequency of BCK is constant at 64 BCK/frame. 7.3.5.1.2 Slave Mode In slave mode, BCK and LRCK work as input pins. The PCM1808 device accepts 64-BCK/frame or 48BCK/frame format (only for a 384-fS system clock), not 32-BCK/frame format. 7.3.5.2 Data Format Table 3. Data Format 16 FORMAT NO. FMT (Pin 12) 0 Low I2S, 24-bit FORMAT 1 High Left-justified, 24-bit Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 Format 0: FMT = LOW 2 24-Bit, MSB-First, I S Left-Channel LRCK Right-Channel BCK DOUT 1 2 3 22 23 24 MSB 1 LSB 2 3 22 23 24 MSB LSB Format 1: FMT = HIGH 24-Bit, MSB-First, Left-Justified Left-Channel LRCK Right-Channel BCK DOUT 1 2 3 22 23 24 MSB LSB 1 2 3 1 22 23 24 MSB LSB Figure 24. Audio Data Format (LRCK and BCK Work as Inputs in Slave Mode and as Outputs in Master Mode) 7.3.5.3 Interface Timing Figure 4 and Figure 5 illustrate the interface timing in slave mode and master mode, respectively. 7.4 Device Functional Modes 7.4.1 Fade-In and Fade-Out Functions The PCM1808 device has fade-in and fade-out functions on DOUT (pin 9) to avoid pop noise, and the functions come into operation in some cases as described in several following sections. Performance of the level changes from 0 dB to mute or mute to 0 dB employs calculated pseudo S-shaped characteristics with zero-cross detection. Because of the zero-cross detection, the time needed for the fade-in and fade-out depends on the analog input frequency (fin). It takes 48 / fin to complete the processing. If there is no zero-cross during 8192 / fS, a forced DOUT fade-in or fade-out occurs during 48 / fS (TIME OUT). Figure 25 illustrates the fade-in and fadeout operation processing. Fade-Out Start Fade-In Complete Fade-In Start Fade-Out Complete DOUT (Contents) BPZ 48/fin or 48/fS 48/fin or 48/fS Figure 25. Fade-In and Fade-Out Operations Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 17 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com Device Functional Modes (continued) 7.4.2 Clock-Halt Power-Down and Reset Function The PCM1808 device has a power-down and reset function. Halting SCKI (pin 6) in both master and slave modes triggers this function. The function is available any time after power on. Reset and power down occur automatically 4 μs (minimum) after the halt of SCKI. During assertion of the clock-halt reset, the PCM1808 device stays in the reset and power-down mode, with DOUT (pin 9) forced to zero. Release the reset and powerdown mode requires the supply of SCKI. The digital output is valid after release of the reset state and elapse of the time of 1024 SCKI + 8960 / fS. Performing the fade-in operation takes additional time of 48 / fin or 48 / fS to attain the level corresponding to the analog input signal. Figure 3 illustrates the clock-halt reset timing. To avoid ADC performance degradation, BCK (pin 8) and LRCK (pin 7) must synchronize with SCKI within 4480 / fS after the resumption of SCKI. If it takes more than 4480 / fS for BCK and LRCK to synchronize with SCKI, mask SCKI until it again achieves synchronization, taking care of glitch and jitter. See the typical circuit connection diagram, Figure 26. To avoid ADC performance degradation, assertion of the clock-halt reset is necessary when changing system clock SCKI or the audio interface clocks BCK and LRCK (sampling rate fS) on the fly. 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 8 Application and Implementation NOTE Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality. 8.1 Application Information The PCM1808 device is suitable for wide variety of cost-sensitive consumer applications requiring good performance and operation with a 5-V analog supply and 3.3-V digital supply. 8.2 Typical Application PCM1808 (3) 5 C C4 4 µs (min) 1 (2) 5V 3.3 V (5) + C3(2) + + Mask PLL170x X1 (4) VREF VINR 14 2 AGND VINL 13 3 VCC FMT 12 4 VDD MD1 11 5 DGND MD0 10 6 SCKI DOUT 9 7 LRCK BCK 8 (1) + C1 + C2 R-ch IN (1) L-ch IN High/Low Pin Setting DSP or Audio Processor (1) C1, C2: A 1-μF electrolytic capacitor gives 2.7 Hz (τ = 1 μF × 60 kΩ) cutoff frequency for the input HPF in normal operation and requires a power-on settling time with a 60-ms time constant in the power-on initialization period. (2) C3, C4: Bypass capacitors, 0.1-μF ceramic and 10-μF electrolytic, depending on layout and power supply (3) C5: Recommended capacitors are 0.1-μF ceramic and 10-μF electrolytic. (4) X1: X1 masks the system clock input when using the clock-halt reset function with external control. (5) Optional external antialiasing filter could be required, depending on the application. Figure 26. Typical Circuit Connection Diagram 8.2.1 Design Requirements For this design example, use the parameters listed in Table 4 as the input parameters. Table 4. Design Parameters DESIGN PARAMETER EXAMPLE VALUE Analog input voltage range 0 Vp-p to 3 Vp-p Output PCM audio data System clock input frequency 2.048 MHz to 49.152 MHz Output sampling frequency 8 kHz to 96 kHz Power supply 3.3 V and 5 V Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 19 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com 8.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure 8.2.2.1 Control Pins The control pins FMT, MD0, and MD1 should be controlled either by biasing with a 10 kΩ resister to VDD or GND, or by driving with GPIO from the DSP or audio processor. 8.2.2.2 Master Clock In this application of the PCM1808 device, a PLL170X series device is used as the master clock source to drive both the PCM1808 and the DSP or audio processor synchronously. With the addition of the AND gate, the operation of the PCM1808 device can be halted by control of the MASK bit. A crystal that operates at the standard audio multiples can also be used. 8.2.2.3 DSP or Audio Processor In this application, the DSP or audio processor is acting as the audio master, and the PCM1808 is acting as the audio slave. This means the DSP or audio processor must be able to output audio clocks that the PCM1808 can use to process audio signals. 8.2.2.4 Input Filters For the analog input circuit, an ac coupling capacitor should be placed in series with the input. This will remove the dc component of the input signal. An RC filter can also be implemented to filter out-of-band noise to reduce aliasing. The equation below can be used to calculate the cutoff frequency of the optional RC filter for the input. 1 fC = 2pRC (1) 8.2.3 Application Curve 0 Input Level = −0.5 dB Data Points = 8192 −20 Amplitude − dB −40 −60 −80 −100 −120 −140 0 5 10 15 f − Frequency − kHz 20 G013 Figure 27. Output Spectrum 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 9 Power Supply Recommendations The PCM1808 device requires a 5-V nominal supply and a 3.3-V nominal supply. The 5-V supply is for the analog circuitry powered by the VCC pin. The 3.3-V supply is for the digital circuitry powered by the VDD pin. The decoupling capacitors for the power supplies should be placed close to the device terminals. A VCC that varies from the nominal 5 V affects the reference voltage for the input. This has a slight impact on the data conversion of the device. 10 Layout 10.1 Layout Guidelines 10.1.1 VCC, VDD Pins Bypass the digital and analog power supply lines to the PCM1808 device to the corresponding ground pins with both 0.1-μF ceramic and 10-μF electrolytic capacitors as close to the pins as possible to maximize the dynamic performance of the ADC. 10.1.2 AGND, DGND Pins To maximize the dynamic performance of the PCM1808 device, there are no internal connections to the analog and digital grounds. These grounds should have low impedance to avoid digital noise feedback into the analog ground. They should be connected directly to each other under the PCM1808 device package to reduce potential noise problems. 10.1.3 VINL, VINR Pins VINL and VINR are single-ended inputs. These inputs have integrated antialias low-pass filters to remove the high-frequency noise outside the audio band. If the performance of these filters is not adequate for an application, the application requires appropriate external antialiasing filters. An appropriate choice would typically be a passive RC filter in the range of 100 Ω and 0.01 μF to 1 kΩ and 1000 pF. 10.1.4 VREF Pin To ensure low source impedance of the ADC references, the recommended capacitors between VREF and AGND are 0.1-μF ceramic and 10-μF electrolytic. These capacitors should be located as close as possible to the VREF pin to reduce dynamic errors on the ADC references. 10.1.5 DOUT Pin The DOUT pin has a large load-drive capability, but if the DOUT line is long, a recommended practice is to locate a buffer near the PCM1808 device and minimize load capacitance to minimize the digital-analog crosstalk and maximize the dynamic performance of the ADC. 10.1.6 System Clock The quality of the system clock can influence dynamic performance, as the PCM1808 device operates based on a system clock. Therefore, it may be necessary to consider the system clock duty, jitter, and the time difference between system clock transition and BCK or LRCK transition in slave mode. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 21 PCM1808 SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 www.ti.com 10.2 Layout Example It is recommended to place a top layer ground pour for shielding around PCM1808 and connect to lower main PCB ground plane by multiple vias Optional External RC Antialiasing Circuit 1 μF 0.1 μF + 1 VREF VinR 14 2 AGND VinL 13 5V 3 VCC FMT 12 3.3 V 4 VDD MD1 11 5 DGND MD0 10 6 SCK 7 LRCK 0.1 μF + + 10 μF L-ch IN + 10 μF R-ch IN + 10 μF 0.1 μF Clock Signals to DSP or Audio Processor PCM1808 DOUT 9 BCK 8 1 μF Make sure to have ground pour separating the left- and rightchannel traces to help prevent crosstalk. Part configuration pullups or pulldowns Make sure to have ground pour separating the clock signals from the surrounding traces. Top Layer Ground Pour Via to Bottom Ground Plane Top Layer Signal Traces Pad to Top Layer Ground Pour Figure 28. PCM1808 Layout Example 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 PCM1808 www.ti.com SLES177B – APRIL 2006 – REVISED AUGUST 2015 11 Device and Documentation Support 11.1 Community Resources The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use. TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help solve problems with fellow engineers. Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and contact information for technical support. 11.2 Trademarks E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments. Audio Precision is a trademark of Audio Precision, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 11.3 Electrostatic Discharge Caution These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 11.4 Glossary SLYZ022 — TI Glossary. This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. 12 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the mostcurrent data available for the designated device. This data is subject to change without notice and without revision of this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, see the left-hand navigation pane. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: PCM1808 23 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 11-Apr-2013 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish (2) MSL Peak Temp Op Temp (°C) Top-Side Markings (3) (4) PCM1808PW ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 90 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 PCM1808 PCM1808PWG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 90 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 PCM1808 PCM1808PWR ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 PCM1808 PCM1808PWRG4 ACTIVE TSSOP PW 14 2000 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU NIPDAU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 PCM1808 (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) Multiple Top-Side Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Top-Side Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Top-Side Marking for that device. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. 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Addendum-Page 1 Samples PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 11-Apr-2013 OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF PCM1808 : • Automotive: PCM1808-Q1 NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions: • Automotive - Q100 devices qualified for high-reliability automotive applications targeting zero defects Addendum-Page 2 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 21-Sep-2015 TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION *All dimensions are nominal Device PCM1808PWR Package Package Pins Type Drawing TSSOP PW 14 SPQ Reel Reel A0 Diameter Width (mm) (mm) W1 (mm) 2000 330.0 12.4 Pack Materials-Page 1 6.9 B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) 5.6 1.6 8.0 W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 12.0 Q1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 21-Sep-2015 *All dimensions are nominal Device Package Type Package Drawing Pins SPQ Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) PCM1808PWR TSSOP PW 14 2000 367.0 367.0 35.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. 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