HLS-440P Automotive Hydrogen Leak Sensor General Description The HLS-440P automotive hydrogen sensor monitors hydrogen leakage concentrations of 0 - 10% in air. The design fulfills Zone 2 requirements according to ATEX 100a. The predicted concentration is transmitted to the host via the CAN bus interface or with PWM output. Type A: The sensor shall measure the hydrogen concentration in high humidity conditions, e.g. in the exhaust of a fuel cell system, to ensure compliance with defined upper thresholds. Type B: The sensor shall measure the hydrogen concentration under ambient humidity conditions, to ensure compliance with defined upper thresholds. Ordering Information and Content Guide appear at end of datasheet. Key Benefits & Features The benefits and features of HLS-440P, Automotive Hydrogen Leak Sensor are listed below: Figure 1: Added Value of Using HLS-440P Benefits Features • High sensitivity over large concentration range • 0 – 10% H2 in air or nitrogen • Accuracy ±0.5% vol. • Resolution 500ppm • Low cross sensitivity • Heated field-effect transistor technology • No detection towards HC, H2S, N2, CO, CO2, NOx • Designed for humid environment • Humidity influence <0.5% typical • Operating humidity range 5–100% relative humidity including condensation • Fast response time • • • • • • Low power consumption • 70 mA (typical) • Long-term stability and reliability • ESD and EMC protection • Operating temperature range –40ºC to 90ºC • Operating pressure range 0.5 – 1.2 bar (absolute) ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Start-up time <5s Speed of response (t90) < 5s Speed of recovery < 5s CAN bus interface 500 kbit/s (ISO11898-2) PWM output (optional) Page 1 Document Feedback HLS-440P − General Description Benefits Features • Safety integrity level and explosion proof • Designed for SIL2 (IEC 61508) and ATEX 100a zone 2 • Long lifetime • IP6K7 and IP6K9K qualified with expected lifetime of 10 years Applications Detection of hydrogen gas leaks in fuel cell systems and other in-process applications. Block Diagram The functional blocks of this device for reference are shown below: Figure 2: HLS-440P Block Diagram LDO Voltage Regulation EMC Filter Protection Overvoltage, reverse polarity Timer μController Page 2 Document Feedback Watchdog Output Switch Connector Power Supply Heater Switch Resistor H2-Sensor ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Overview Overview Figure 3: HLS-440P Overview Process Connection ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Power & CAN Bus Connector Page 3 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Overview Installation The HLS-440P is designed for process connection with metric straight screw thread with o-ring M14x1.5 in accordance with ISO 6149-3 (stud end) and to fit into ISO 6149-1 (port). The HLS-440P can also be mounted on a holder for open-air application. Recommended O-ring 11.3±0.2, 2.2±0.08 or 11.3±0.2, 2.4±0.08 EPDM 70 “Peroxide crosslinked” or FPM 75 (Viton) Recommended torque for fixation: 15 Nm (+10% -0%) acc. ISO 6149-3 Recommended orientation of the sensor, see below. Figure 4: Recommended Mounting Position of the Sensor Page 4 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Electrical Interface Electrical Interface Electrical Connector The sensor connector is a A2105404381 - Code A with mating connector MQS 4-pin, TE Connectivity AMP p/n 1-967640-1 Code A. Figure 5: Pin Coding AMP 1-967640-1 Code A 1 2 4 3 Figure 6: Pin Assignment Pin ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Function 1 Vcc 2 GND 3 CAN – High Type A with termination resistor Type B no termination resistor 4 CAN – Low Type A with termination resistor Type B no termination resistor Page 5 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Electrical Interface CAN Bus Interface This section describes the CAN bus interface that is available in some variants of HLS-440P. Physical Interface The physical interface is two-wire balanced. It is a high speed CAN interface (ISO 11898-2) with bus bit rate at 500 kbit/s. Type A: 120 Ohm CAN bus termination Type B: no termination CAN Matrix HLS-440P HLS-440P will send the first CAN message 0.1 s after start-up. The repetition rate of the CAN message is 100ms ±2ms. The first H 2 concentration will be delivered after 5 s. The CAN messages prior to that will have the "Not_ready" bit set, indicating that the concentration value of the message is not valid. In case of a warm restart (<5s) error category 1 will be set for 10 s. The Msg Counter increments with each CAN message. Each CAN message is sent twice. The first time it is sent with ID 1592 (0x0638) for type A and 1600 (0x0640) for type B. The second time it is sent with ID 1595 (0x063B) for type A and ID 1603 (0x0643) for type B. The second time all bytes excluding byte 7 are inverted. Byte 7 has the fix value 170 (hex AA) in the second message. Page 6 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 H L S - 4 4 0 P − Electrical Interface Figure 7: CAN Matrix Message Layout HLS-440P System: H2ES Receiver A: H2 Exhaust Sensor B: H2 Ambient Sensor A: 0x638 B:0x640 Name: ID: (hex) Datalengthcode: Interrupt: Transceive: Remote: Repetition rate: 8 no Tx no 100 ms Rev. 3.3 MSB variables short name datatype resolution phys. range / unit H2 Concentration Status H2ES_Con byte 0,05 0 .. 10 Vol.% H2 H2ES_not_ready H2ES_Err_Cat H2ES_EMC_Corr H2ES_neg_drift1 H2ES_neg_drift2 H2ES_neg_drift3 bit 2 bit bit bit bit bit bit Sensor not ready Error Category EMC correction active negative drift info negative drift warning negative drift alarm Error 5 SW Version y.z HW Version Type HW revision Msg Counter Safety Byte - CRC Byte 0 .. Byte 6 raw range no value 0 .. 200 b7 LSB b6 b5 b4 b3 b2 b1 b0 255 Byte-No. Byte 0 b0 Byte 1 z z Byte 4 b1 b0 b2 b1 z b5 b4 b3 b2 to be incremented each message ! b3 b4 b5 b6 x H2ES_SW byte 1 0 .. F . 0 .. F 0.. 255 y y H2ES_HW_Type H2ES_HW_Rev H2ES_Count H2ES_Safety 2 bit 6 bit byte byte 1 1 1 1 0 0 .. 63 0 .. 127 0 0 .. 63 0 .. 127 0.. 255 b7 b6 255 y y z Byte 5 Byte 5 Byte 6 Byte 7 Definition Error Category : Code 0 1 2 3 Name No Error Performance Error Slight functional error Severe functional error Description H2ES Sensor OK General function still given (e.g. tolerance range may be increased to 1 % vol.) General function still given but high likelihood for upcoming severe error (sensor should be replaced) Severe error, general function NOT given anymore, sensor not longer trustable (= signal not available) Definition HW Version Type : Code 0 1 2 3 Name H2ES H2AS H2S H2ES Description H2 Exhaust Sensor H2 Anode Sensor H2 Ambient Sensor H2 Stack Module Vent Sensor ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Type A Type B Page 7 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Electrical Interface Byte 0 H 2 Concentration Figure 8: Byte 0 Bit Order Bit MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 Byte 0 X X X X X X X X This byte shows the H 2 concentration in a resolution of 0.05. x = Concentration in % Hydrogen (EQ1) Byte value = (x % H 2)* 200/ (10 % H2) (EQ2) x % = byte value *(10 % H 2)/200 Range: 0 - 200 (Hexadecimal 0 - C8) No value: 255 (Hexadecimal FF) Values: 0 - 10 % H 2 Resolution: 0.05 = (10 % H 2) / 200 The No value is sent if there is no valid H 2 concentration (accompanied by Not_ready bit in status byte (Byte 1)) Byte 1 Status Figure 9: Byte 1 Status Bit Assignment Bit MSB 7 Byte 1 Bit 7 LSB 0 6 5 4 3 2 1 Bit 6 Neg_ drift3 Bit 5 Neg_ drift2 Bit 4 Neg_ drift1 Bit 3 EMC_ Corr Bit 2 Err_ Category Bit 1 Err_ Category Not_ready This byte shows the status of the module. Bit 0: If the not_ready bit is set, the module is not up or not working. Value: 0 or 1 Bit 1 + 2: The error category Value: 0 - 3 The figure below describes the error category definition Page 8 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Electrical Interface Figure 10: Definition of Error Category Code Name Description 0 No error Sensor OK 1 Performance error General function still given; Warm start-up indication (<5 s) 2 Slight functional error General function still given but high likelihood for upcoming severe error (sensor should be replaced) 3 Severe functional error Severe error, general function NOT given anymore, sensor not longer trustable (=signal not available) Bit 3: EMC_Corr...EMC correction active Value: 0 or 1 Bit 4: Negative drift info. If this bit is set, the prediction has gone below the first of three warning levels. Bit 5: Negative drift warning. If this bit is set, the prediction has gone below the second warning level. Bit 6: Negative drift alarm. If this bit is set, the prediction has gone below the third warning level. Bit 7 is not used. Byte 4 Software Version Y.Z Figure 11: Byte 4 Software Version Numbering Code Bit MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 Byte 4 Y Y Y Y X X X X This byte shows the firmware version. View: Y.Z Range: 0 - 255 (Hexadecimal 0 - FF) Value: 0.0 - 15.15 (Hexadecimal 0.0 - F.F) ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Page 9 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Electrical Interface Byte 5 Hardware Version Figure 12: Byte 5 Hardware Version Numbering Code Bit MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 Byte 5 HW Type HW Type Rev. Rev. Rev. Rev. Rev. Rev. This byte is divided into two parts. The first part shows the hardware type Figure 13: Definition of HW Version Type Code Name Description 0 HLS-440P type A 1 HPS-100 H2 Exhaust Sensor (H2ES Type A) H2 Anode Sensor (H2AS) H2 Ambient Sensor (H2S) 2 3 H2 Stack Module vent Sensor (H2ES Type B) HLS-440P type B Range: 0 - 3 here 0 The second part of byte 5 shows the revision of the hardware. Range: 0 - 63 Byte 6 Msg Counter Figure 14: Byte 6 Message Counter Order Bit MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 Byte 6 X X X X X X X X The Msg Counter byte numbers the CAN-messages and is incremented by 1 with each (non-inverted) message Range: 0 - 127 (0 - 7F) Value: 0 - 127 After reaching the value 127 the counter starts from 0 again. Page 10 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Electrical Interface Byte 7 Safety Byte CRC Figure 15: Byte 7 Safety Byte Order Bit MSB 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 LSB 0 Byte 7 X X X X X X X X The CRC byte shows the 7-bit CRC over byte 0-6 with the Polynomial 0xE5. PWM This section describes the PWM output that is available in some variants of HLS-440P. Physical Interface The electrical connector is the same as in the variants with CAN bus interface (see Electrical Connector ). Type A has a termination resistor while type B does not. The PWM signal is created as a differential CAN signal on pin 3 and 4. A CAN signal is said to be in a dominant state when the signal lines are separated (a dominant bit is transmitted). When the signal lines are at the same voltage level, the state is recessive. Recommended circuitry to convert CAN signals to TTL is specified in a separate document, available on request. The PWM signal is only an output signal. No other transmitting devices should be attached to the bus. The PWM Signal The PWM signal has a period time of 255 μs. The rather short period is chosen since modern CAN transceivers do not allow for a longer dominant state. The duration of the recessive state can be translated into output H 2 prediction from the sensor module. The recessive duration (pulse width) ranges from 20 to 220 μs, which corresponds to 0 to 10% hydrogen. An error is shown as a 10 μs pulse width. At startup the pulse width will be 255 μs (100% duty cycle) until the first valid H 2 concentration is delivered after 5 s. The figure below shows the output for 0% hydrogen (pulse width of 20 μs). ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Page 11 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Electrical Interface Figure 16: Sensor Output for 0% Hydrogen (Pulse Width of 20 μs) The relation between detected H 2 concentration (in ppm) and pulse width (in μs) is: (EQ3) H 2 = (pulse width – 20)*500 The figure below shows the relation between H 2 prediction and pulse width. Figure 17: The Relation between H2 Prediction and Pulse Width Page 12 Document Feedback Pulse Width Message Type 10 μs Error 20 μs 0% H2 21 μs 0.05% H2 … … 219 μs 9.95% H2 220 μs 10.0% H2 ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Specifications Specifications Figure 18: Typical Characteristics Description Value Sensor Function Target gas Hydrogen Concentration range 0 – 10 Vol% H2 in air Accuracy ± 0.5% vol. (1) Resolution 500 ppm Speed of response (t90) <5 s Speed of recovery <5 s None towards HC, H2S, N2, CO, CO2, NOx Cross-sensitivity Humidity correction by subtracting 0.6% for type A (2) Humidity correction by subtracting 0.3% for type B (2) Start-up time 5s Expected lifetime 10 years (1) Safety Explosion proof Designed to fulfill Zone 2 requirements according to ATEX 100a Self test/Error handling Yes Electrical Supply voltage 8.5 – 16 V Supply current 70 mA typical @ 13.8 V and 20 ºC, increased current during start-up phase (avg. 200 mA during first 1s) CAN interface Version 2.0 ISO 11898 Connector A2105404381 - Code A Mating Connector MQS 4-pin, AMP 1-967640-1 Code A ESD/Reverse polarity Yes ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Page 13 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Specifications Description Value Environmental Operation temperature range -40ºC to 90ºC Storage temperature range -50ºC to 95ºC Humidity 5 – 100% including condensation (1) Pressure 0.5 – 1.2 bar(a) EMC Automotive requirements Mechanical Dimensions (L, Ø) L=93.5mm Ø = 30mm Weight 77g Stud M14x1.5 in acc. to ISO 6149-3 O-ring ID: 11.3 ± 0.2 mm, rec. cord size: 2.2 ± 0.08 mm alt. cord size: 2.4 ± 0.08 mm Material Stainless steel and PBT GF30 Filter membrane Pall SUPOR 450R, 0.45 μm. IP code IP6K7 and IP6K9K Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. Preliminary values 2. Default offset compensation for humidity range. The figure below describes the specification of the different variants of HLS-440P Figure 19: Specification of the Different Variants of HLS-440P Part Number Default On Request CAN interface Version 2.0 ISO 11898 - PWM output - Yes Type Page 14 Document Feedback A B A B ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Handling Instructions Handling Instructions Due to the fact that the sensor element consists of a silicon chip facing the surrounding the following precautions have to be taken into account: During storage and handling avoid: • Humidity (condensing conditions) • Dropping (sensor must be replaced if dropped) • Dust (especially if cap is removed) • Mechanical impact (especially the entrance membrane) • Electromagnetic radiation (RF fields, high magnetic fields) In case of storage and transport it is recommended to keep the sensor within its original packaging (plastic cap and ESD protected bubble bag). The disassembly of any parts is not allowed, except for the removal of the plastic cap directly before final assembly. ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Page 15 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Reference Data Reference Data Figure 20: Concentration Measurement with H2 Pulse Width of 2 min and Nominal Concentration 0.2%, 1.5%, 2.5% and 3.5% vol. H2 Figure 21: Deviation of Prediction Over Nominal Concentration Page 16 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Mechanical Information Mechanical Information Dimensions Figure 22: Sensor Dimensions RoHS Green Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. Dimensions are in millimeters. ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Page 17 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Ordering & Contact Information Ordering & Contact Information Figure 23: Ordering Information Ordering Code Type Delivery Form Delivery Quantity HLS-440P A (1) CAN (500 kbit/s) (3) Individually Wrapped Single Item HLS-440P B (2) CAN (500 kbit/s) (3) Individually Wrapped Single Item Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. High humidity conditions. 2. Ambient humidity conditions. 3. For availability of other variants contact ams. Buy our products or get free samples online at: www.ams.com/ICdirect Technical Support is available at: www.ams.com/Technical-Support Provide feedback about this document at: www.ams.com/Document-Feedback For further information and requests, e-mail us at: [email protected] For sales offices, distributors and representatives, please visit: www.ams.com/contact Headquarters ams AG Tobelbaderstrasse 30 8141 Unterpremstaetten Austria, Europe Tel: +43 (0) 3136 500 0 Website: www.ams.com Page 18 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement RoHS: The term RoHS compliant means that ams AG products fully comply with current RoHS directives. Our semiconductor products do not contain any chemicals for all 6 substance categories, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, RoHS compliant products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. ams Green (RoHS compliant and no Sb/Br): ams Green defines that in addition to RoHS compliance, our products are free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material). Important Information: The information provided in this statement represents ams AG knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. ams AG bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. ams AG has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. ams AG and ams AG suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Page 19 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Copyrights & Disclaimer Copyrights & Disclaimer Copyright ams AG, Tobelbader Strasse 30, 8141 Unterpremstaetten, Austria-Europe. Trademarks Registered. All rights reserved. The material herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged, translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. Devices sold by ams AG are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its General Terms of Trade. ams AG makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein. ams AG reserves the right to change specifications and prices at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing this product into a system, it is necessary to check with ams AG for current information. This product is intended for use in commercial applications. Applications requiring extended temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or high reliability applications, such as military, medical life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not recommended without additional processing by ams AG for each application. This product is provided by ams AG “AS IS” and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed. ams AG shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any damages, including but not limited to personal injury, property damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interruption of business or indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, of any kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing, performance or use of the technical data herein. No obligation or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out of ams AG rendering of technical or other services. Page 20 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Document Status Document Status Document Status Product Preview Preliminary Datasheet Datasheet Datasheet (discontinued) ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 Product Status Definition Pre-Development Information in this datasheet is based on product ideas in the planning phase of development. All specifications are design goals without any warranty and are subject to change without notice Pre-Production Information in this datasheet is based on products in the design, validation or qualification phase of development. The performance and parameters shown in this document are preliminary without any warranty and are subject to change without notice Production Information in this datasheet is based on products in ramp-up to full production or full production which conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of ams AG standard warranty as given in the General Terms of Trade Discontinued Information in this datasheet is based on products which conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of ams AG standard warranty as given in the General Terms of Trade, but these products have been superseded and should not be used for new designs Page 21 Document Feedback HLS-440P − Revision Information Revision Information Changes from (2014-Dec) to current revision 1-00 (2015-Apr-01) Page Content of Applied Sensor datasheet was updated to the latest ams design Note(s) and/or Footnote(s): 1. Page and figure numbers for the previous version may differ from page and figure numbers in the current revision. 2. Correction of typographical errors is not explicitly mentioned. Page 22 Document Feedback ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 HLS-440P − Content Guide Content Guide ams Datasheet [v1-00] 2015-Apr-01 1 1 2 2 General Description Key Benefits & Features Applications Block Diagram 3 4 Overview Installation 5 5 6 6 6 7 8 9 9 10 10 11 11 11 Electrical Interface Electrical Connector CAN Bus Interface Physical Interface CAN Matrix HLS440P Byte 0 H2_Concentration Byte 1 Status Byte 4 Software Version Y.Z Byte 5 Hardware Version Byte 6 Msg Counter Byte 7 Safety byte CRC PWM Physical Interface The PWM Signal 13 15 16 Specifications Handling Instructions Reference Data 17 17 Mechanical Information Dimensions 18 19 20 21 22 Ordering & Contact Information RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement Copyrights & Disclaimer Document Status Revision Information Page 23 Document Feedback