signal integrity analysis and modeling

1.00mm Pitch
BGA Socket Adapter System
SIGNAL INTEGRITY
ANALYSIS AND
MODELING
Rev. 2
www.advanced.com
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Signal Integrity Data Reporting
At Advanced Interconnections Corporation, our Signal Integrity reporting method differs
dramatically from the common industry practice of isolating the aggressor and victim
terminals from each other by introducing dedicated ground terminals between them. We
believe this method represents a theoretical, best-case, scenario that does not serve the
needs of most systems engineers and circuit designers. An unrealistic number of
connector terminals must be assigned to ground in order to achieve this scenario.
Our standard reporting practice is closely aligned with the decision-making processes of
most systems engineers and circuit designers. The reported data addresses our
customers I/O assignments (net-list) and helps them determine where to best run highversus-low frequency signals through our connectors. As such, our reporting method
represents a more practical net-list scenario. Utilizing our unbiased SPICETM and IBISTM
files, system designers are able to create and/or debug their net-list quickly and
accurately.
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
SI Test & Measurement Study
SI Test Setup
Common GND net connected
together and surrounding all
signal terminals.
•
S1-
•
The 1.00mm Socket/Adapter was measured from 50 MHz to
20.05 GHz.
A pin-out of 3 rows and 4 columns was assigned from a 4x4
array:
GND
S1+
GND
GND
S1GND
GND
S2+
GND
GND
S2GND
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
De-embedded
Waveguide Ports
S1+
SI Test & Measurement Study
Performance Results
•
The test and measurement tasks were completed and the recommended Operational
Bandwidth for the Socket Adapter System is as follows:
Differential:
DC to 1.5 GHz @ -15dB and ~1.0 Gbit/sec.
Differential:
DC to 3.1 GHz @ -10dB and ~2.1 Gbit/sec.
Single-ended: DC to 2.5 GHz @ -15dB and ~1.7 Gbit/sec.
Single-ended: DC to 5.4 GHz @ -10dB and ~3.6 Gbit/sec.
•
At the above Bandwidths, the Impedance of this connector system is low. This has
been attributed to the geometry of the female shell and the proximity of adjacent
terminals.
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
SI Test & Measurement Study
Performance Results – continued
•
Differential Eye Diagrams were successfully formed at 5 Gbits/sec.,
with Jitter at 4psec and 5% eye closure.
The eye opening sustains a Data Mask with a voltage swing of
±175mV @ 100psec period.
Single-ended Eye Diagrams were successfully formed at 5 Gbits/sec.,
with Jitter at 5psec and 8% eye closure.
The eye opening sustains a Data Mask with a voltage swing of
±125mV @ 140psec period.
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
SI Test & Measurement Study
Performance Results – continued
Differential
(Terminals S1+, S1-)
Single-ended
(Terminals S1+)
Single-ended
(Terminals S1-)
Return Loss
(Sω,θ)
Insertion Loss
Zo @ 200 psec
(Sφ,ß)
(10-90%)
(S1,1)
-15.0dB @ 1.5 GHz
-10.0dB @ 3.1 GHz
(S2,1)
<-0.10dB @ 1.5 GHz
-0.20dB @ 3.1 GHz
84.2Ω
(S1,1)
-15.0dB @ 4.8 GHz
-10.0dB @ 7.6 GHz
(S2,1)
-0.20dB @ 4.8 GHz
-0.60dB @ 7.6 GHz
46.3Ω
(S3,3)
-15.0dB @ 2.5 GHz
-10.0dB @ 5.4 GHz
(S4,3)
<-0.10dB @ 2.5 GHz
-0.50dB @ 5.4 GHz
44.2Ω
• A Return Loss at -15dB (~18% Reflection) is the normally accepted industry standard. Most
applications will tolerate data at -10 dB (~32% Reflection), however in this instance, performance
safety margins may be increased by de-rating the connectors Operational Bandwidth and Data Rate.
• A Insertion Loss at -3dB (~50% of applied Power & ~71% of applied Voltage arrives at the Output Port)
is the normally accepted industry standard.
• An Effective Impedance of 100Ω ±10Ω for Differential and 50Ω ±5Ω for Single-ended is the normally
accepted industry guideline. De-rating the signal input risetime will improve the above Zo values.
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
SI TEST AND MEASURMENT STUDY
Performance Results– continued
Differential
(Terminals S1+, S1-)
Single-ended
(Terminals S1-)
NeXT @ 200 psec
(10-90%)
FeXT @ 200 psec
(10-90%)
2.10%
0.61%
Peak-to-Peak Jitter = 3 psec
Eye-Closure = 4%
Peak-to-Peak Jitter = 4 psec
Eye-Closure = 5%
5.70%
1.9%
Peak-to-Peak Jitter = 1 psec
Eye-Closure = 2%
Peak-to-Peak Jitter = 5 psec
Eye-Closure = 8%
Eye-Diagram @ 5 Gbit/sec
Eye-Diagram @ 5 Gbit/sec
with 6 Gbit/sec Aggressor
• A NeXT at 5% maximum is the normally accepted industry standard. Some customers may specify a value
as low as 2% maximum for this attribute. NeXT simulation results are favorable.
• A FeXT at 2% maximum is the normally accepted industry standard. Some customers may specify a value
as low as 1% maximum for this attribute. FeXT simulation results are good / very good.
• A successful Eye-opening was created at 5 Gbit/sec and is very acceptable as this data rate is well within
the Operational Bandwidths recommended for this connector system. See note below.
NOTE: It’s not practical to define pass-or-fail criteria for Jitter and Eye-Closure. However, guidelines for the connector’s
transmit Data Mask can be defined to quantify the effective performance of the eye formation. For a Differential data mask, the
total voltage equals 35% of the eye’s applied peak-to-peak voltage, (1V in this report), and its period equals 50% of the
risetime, (200psec in this report). For a Single-ended data mask, the total voltage equals 50% of the eye’s applied peak-topeak voltage, (500mV in this report), and its period equals 70% of the risetime, (200psec in this report).
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
Differential Return Loss
0
dB(S(1,1))
-10
-20
(S1,1)
-15.0dB @ 1.5 GHz
-10.0dB @ 3.1 GHz
-30
-40
-50
0
1
2
freq, GHz
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
3
4
5
Differential Insertion Loss
0
dB(S(2,1))
-1
-2
(S2,1)
-0.10dB @ <0.1 GHz
-0.20dB @ 3.1 GHz
-0.50dB @ 5.0 GHz
-3
-4
-5
0
1
2
freq, GHz
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
3
4
5
Single-ended Return Loss for S1+ & S10
dB(S (3,3))
dB(S (1,1))
-10
-20
-30
(S1,1)
-15.0dB @ 4.8GHz
-10.0dB @ 7.6 GHz
-40
(S3,3)
-15.0dB @ 2.5 GHz
-10.0dB @ 5.4 GHz
-50
0
1
2
3
4
5
fre q, GHz
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
6
7
8
9
10
Single-ended Insertion Loss for S1+ & S10
dB(S(4,3))
dB(S(2,1))
-1
-2
-3
(S2,1)
-0.20dB @ 4.8 GHz
-0.60dB @ 7.6 GHz
-4
(S4,3)
<-0.10dB @ 2.5 GHz
-0.50dB @ 5.4 GHz
-5
0
1
2
3
4
5
freq, GHz
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
6
7
8
9
10
Differential Impedance Profile
200ps risetime (10-90%)
zs diff[2][1::1200]
100
95
90
85
84.2Ω
80
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
time , ns e c
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
0.8
1.0
1.2
Single-ended Impedance Profile for S1+ & S1Simultaneous Plots at 200 psec risetime (10-90%)
S1+ (Zsp Edge Terminals) vs. S1- (Zsn Interior Terminals)
zs n[2][1::1200]
zs p[2][1::1200]
50
48
46
46.3Ω
44.2Ω
44
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
time , ns e c
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
0.8
1.0
1.2
Differential Near-end Crosstalk (NeXT)
Percent Differential NeXT @ 200ps risetime (10-90%)
100*(xne p[2][0::1000]-xne n[2][0::1000])
0.0
-0.5
-1.0
-1.5
-2.0
2.10%
-2.5
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
time , ns e c
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
Differential Far-end Crosstalk (FeXT)
Percent Differential FeXT @ 200ps risetime (10-90%)
0.1
100*(xfe p[2][0::1000]-xfe n[2][0::1000])
0.0
-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
0.61%
-0.7
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
time , ns e c
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
Single-ended Near-end Crosstalk (NeXT)
Percent Single-ended NeXT @ 200ps risetime (10-90%)
6
5.70%
100*(xne [2][0::1000])
5
4
3
2
1
0
0 .0
0 .1
0 .2
0 .3
0 .4
0 .5
tim e , n s e c
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
0 .6
0 .7
0 .8
0 .9
1 .0
Single-ended Far-end Crosstalk (FeXT)
Percent Single-ended FeXT @ 200ps risetime (10-90%)
1.2
1.0
1.19%
100*(xfe [2][0::1000])
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
-0.2
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
time , ns e c
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
Differential Eye-Diagram
Eye Opening @ 5 Gbit/sec.
Peak-to-peak jitter is 3 psec and Eye-Closure is 4%
eye(voutp-voutn, 2.5e9)
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
time, psec
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
300
350
400
450
Differential Eye-Diagram w/Aggressor
Eye Opening @ 5 Gbit/sec with a 6 Gbit/sec Aggressor
Peak-to-peak jitter is 4 psec and Eye-Closure is 5%
eye(voutp-voutn, 2.5e9)
0.6
0.4
0.2
±175mV
0.0
@ 100psec
Data Mask
-0.2
-0.4
-0.6
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
time, psec
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
300
350
400
450
Single-ended Eye-Diagram
Eye Opening @ 5 Gbit/sec.
Peak-to-peak jitter is 1 psec and Eye-Closure is 2%
0.6
eye(voutp, 2.5e9)
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
time, psec
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
300
350
400
450
Single-ended Eye-Diagram w/Aggressor
Eye Opening @ 5 Gbit/sec with a 6 Gbit/sec Aggressor
Peak-to-peak jitter is 5 psec and Eye-Closure is 8%
0.6
eye(voutp, 2.5e9)
0.5
0.4
0.3
±125mV
@ 140psec
0.2
Data Mask
0.1
0.0
-0.1
-50
0
50
100
150
200
250
time, psec
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
300
350
400
450
Propagation Delay
1.2
1.0
35 psec
vin[0][0::1000]
vout[0][0::1000]
0.8
0.6
m2
time = 223.3ps e c
vin[0][0::1000]=0.189
0.4
m2 m1
m1
time = 258.3ps e c
vout[0][0::1000]=0.200
0.2
0.0
-0.2
0
100
200
300
time , ps e c
Advanced Interconnections Corp.
5 Energy Way, West Warwick, RI 02893 USA
401.823.5200 • 800.424.9850 • Fax: 401.823.8723
Product covered by patents issued and/or pending. Data subject to change without notice. Rev. 2
400
500