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TSL235R
Light-to-Frequency Converter
General Description
The TSL235R light-to-frequency converter combines a silicon
photodiode and a current-to-frequency converter on a single
monolithic CMOS integrated circuit. Output is a square wave
(50% duty cycle) with frequency directly proportional to light
intensity (irradiance) on the photodiode. The digital output
allows direct interface to a microcontroller or other logic
circuitry. The device has been temperature compensated for
the ultraviolet-to-visible light range of 320nm to 700nm and
responds over the light range of 320nm to 1050nm. The
TSL235R is characterized for operation over the temperature
range of -25°C to 70°C and is supplied in a 3-lead clear plastic
side-looker package with an integral lens. When supplied in the
lead (Pb) free package, the device is RoHS compliant.
Ordering Information and Content Guide appear at end of
datasheet.
Key Benefits & Features
The benefits and features of the TSL235R Light-to-Frequency
Converter, are listed below:
Figure 1:
Added Value of Using TSL235R
Benefits
Features
• Detects Light Intensity at a High Resolution
• 1M:1 Input Dynamic Range
• Provides Low Light Level Operation
• Low Dark Frequency of 0.4 Hz (Typ)
• Provides for High Sensitivity to Detect a Small
Change in Light
• High Irradiance Responsivity 0.6kHz/(μW/cm2)
@ λp = 635nm
• Provides Additional Sensitivity Advantages
• 2x Gain Lense
• High-Resolution Conversion of Light Intensity to
Frequency with no External Components
• Communicates Directly with a Microcontroller
• Compact Three-Leaded Clear-Plastic Package
• Single-Supply Operation Down to 2.7V
• Nonlinearity Error Typically 0.2% at 100kHz
• Stable 150ppm/°C Temperature Coefficient
• Single-Supply Operation
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
Page 1
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TSL235R − General Description
Block Diagram
The functional blocks of this device are shown below:
Figure 2:
TSL235R Block Diagram
Light
Page 2
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Photodiode
Current-to-Frequency
Converter
Output
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Pin Assignments
The TSL235R pin assignments are described below:
Pin Assignments
Figure 3:
Pin Diagram of Package S Sidelooker (Front View)
1
GND
2
VDD
3
OUT
Figure 4:
Pin Diagram of Package SM Surface Mount Sidelooker
(Front View)
1
GND
2
VDD
3
OUT
Figure 5:
Terminal Functions
Terminal
Type
Description
Name
No.
GND
1
Power supply ground (substrate). All voltages are referenced to GND.
VDD
2
Supply voltage
OUT
3
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
O
Output frequency
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TSL235R − Absolute Maximum Ratings
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress
ratings only. Functional operation of the device at these or any
other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions is not implied. Exposure to absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Figure 6:
Absolute Maximum Ratings over Operating Free-Air Temperature Range (unless otherwise noted)
Symbol
VDD
TA
Tstrg
Parameter
Min
Supply voltage (1)
Max
Unit
6
V
Operating free-air temperature range
-25
70
°C
Storage temperature range
-25
85
°C
Lead temperature 1.6mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds
(S Package)
260
°C
Reflow solder, in accordance with J-STD-020C or J-STD-020D
(SM Package)
260
°C
Note(s):
1. All voltages are with respect to GND.
Page 4
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ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Electrical Characteristics
All limits are guaranteed. The parameters with min and max
values are guaranteed with production tests or SQC (Statistical
Quality Control) methods.
Electrical Characteristics
Figure 7:
Recommended Operating Conditions
Symbol
VDD
TA
Parameter
Min
Nom
Max
Unit
Supply voltage
2.7
5
5.5
V
Operating free-air temperature range
-25
70
°C
Max
Unit
Figure 8:
Electrical Characteristics at TA = 25°C, VDD = 5V (unless otherwise noted)
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
VOH
High-level output voltage
IOH = -4mA
VOL
Low-level output voltage
IOL = 4mA
IDD
Supply current
Full-scale frequency (1)
kSVS
Min
Typ
4
4.5
V
0.25
0.4
V
2
3
mA
500
kHz
Temperature coefficient of
output frequency
Wavelength ≤ 700nm
±150
ppm/°C
Supply voltage sensitivity
VDD = 5V ±10%
±0.5
%/V
Note(s):
1. Full-scale frequency is the maximum operating frequency of the device without saturation.
Figure 9:
Operating Characteristics at VDD = 5V, TA = 25°C
Symbol
fO
Parameter
Output frequency
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
Ee = 430μW/cm2,
λp = 635nm
200
250
300
kHz
0.4
10
Hz
Ee = 0μW/cm2
fO = 0kHz to 10kHz
±0.1%
%F.S.
fO = 0kHz to 100kHz
±0.2%
%F.S.
Nonlinearity (2)
Step response to full-scale
step input
1 pulse of new frequency plus
1μs
Note(s):
1. Full-scale frequency is the maximum operating frequency of the device without saturation.
2. Nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of fO from a straight line between zero and full scale, expressed as a percent of full scale.
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
Page 5
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TSL235R − Typical Operating Characteristics
Typical Operating
Characteristics
Figure 10:
Output Frequency vs. Irradiance
fO - Output Frequency (fO − fD) - kHz
1000
100
VDD = 5 V
Op = 635 nm
TA = 25qC
10
1
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
10 0
1k
Ee - Irradiance - μW/cm2
Figure 11:
Photodiode Spectral Responsivity
1.2
Normalized Responsivity
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000 1100
λ - Wavelength - nm
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ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Typical Operating Characteristics
Figure 12:
Dark Frequency vs. Temperature
1.2
VDD = 5 V
Ee = 0
fO(dark) - Dark Frequency - Hz
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
ï25
0
25
50
75
TA -Temperature - °C
Temperature Coefficient of Output Frequency - ppm/°C
Figure 13:
Temperature Coefficient of Output Frequency vs.
Wavelength of Incident Light
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
7000
VDD = 5 V
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
λ - Wavelength of Incident Light- nm
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TSL235R − Typical Operating Characteristics
Figure 14:
Output Frequency vs. Supply Voltage
1.010
Normalized Output Frequency
TA = 25qC
fO = 250 kHz
1.005
1.000
0.995
0.990
0.985
0.980
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.5
VDD - Supply Voltage - V
Page 8
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ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Application Information
Application Information
Power-Supply Considerations
Power-supply lines must be decoupled by a 0.01μF to 0.1μF
capacitor with short leads placed close to the TSL235R
(Figure 15).
Output Interface
The output of the device is designed to drive a standard TTL or
CMOS logic input over short distances. If lines greater than 12
inches are used on the output, a buffer or line driver is
recommended.
Measuring the Frequency
The choice of interface and measurement technique depends
on the desired resolution and data acquisition rate. For
maximum data-acquisition rate, period-measurement
techniques are used.
Period measurement requires the use of a fast reference clock
with available resolution directly related to reference-clock
rate. The technique is employed to measure rapidly varying
light levels or to make a fast measurement of a constant light
source.
Maximum resolution and accuracy may be obtained using
frequency-measurement, pulse-accumulation, or integration
techniques. Frequency measurements provide the added
benefit of averaging out random- or high-frequency variations
(jitter) resulting from noise in the light signal. Resolution is
limited mainly by available counter registers and allowable
measurement time. Frequency measurement is well suited for
slowly varying or constant light levels and for reading average
light levels over short periods of time. Integration, the
accumulation of pulses over a very long period of time, can be
used to measure exposure - the amount of light present in an
area over a given time period.
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
Page 9
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TSL235R − Application Information
Figure 15:
Typical TSL235R Interface to a Microcontroller
VDD
2
0.1 PF
TSL235R
3
Timer / Port
1
MCU
PCB Pad Layout
Suggested PCB pad layout guidelines for the SM surface mount
package are shown in Figure 16.
Figure 16:
Suggested SM Package PCB Layout
1.0
1.0
1.0
3.2
1.0
1.0
Note(s):
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.
2. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
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ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Packaging Mechanical Data
Packaging Mechanical Data
The device is supplied in a clear plastic three-lead through-hole
sidelooker package (S).
Figure 17:
Package S - Single-In-Line Side-Looker Package Configuration
The device is supplied in a clear plastic three-lead through-hole sidelooker package (S).
PACKAGE S
PLASTIC SINGLE-IN-LINE SIDE-LOOKER PACKAGE
TOP VIEW
4.60
RoHS
2.60
R 0.90
Green
1.64
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
2.30
0.15
Note B2
1.80
4.60
1
1.56
0.42
14.86 + 0.50
Pb
2y2
0.47 TYP
Lead Free
Available
0.42
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters; tolerance is r 0.25 mm unless otherwise stated.
B. Dimension is to center of lens arc, which is located below the package face.
C. The integrated photodiode active area is typically 0.92 mm2 in size and is located in the center of the lens and 0.97 mm below the
Note(s):
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters; tolerance is ±0.25mm unless otherwise stated.
2. Dimension is to center of lens arc, which is located below the package face.
3. The integrated photodiode active area is typically 0.92mm 2 in size and is located in the center of the lens and 0.97mm below the
top of the lens surface.
4. Index of refraction of clear plastic is 1.55.
5. Lead finish for TSL235R-LF: solder dipped, 100% Sn.
6. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
Page 11
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TSL235R − Packaging Mechanical Data
Figure 18:
Package SM - Surface Mount Side-Looker Package Configuration
PACKAGE SM
PLASTIC SURFACE MOUNT SIDE-LOOKER PACKAGE
TOP VIEW
4.60
RoHS
2.60
R 0.90
Green
1.64
FRONT VIEW
SIDE VIEW
0.15 Note B2
2.30
1.80
4.60
0.62 + 0.10
1.97
2.59
1.00
0.42
0.62 +0.10
ï0.15
Pb
2y2
0.47 TYP
NOTES: A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
5.73 + 0.50
Lead Free
0.42
All linear dimensions are in millimeters; tolerance is r 0.25 mm unless otherwise stated.
Dimension is to center of lens arc, which is located below the package face.
The integrated photodiode active area is typically located in the center of the lens and 0.97 mm below the top of the lens surface.
Index of refraction of clear plastic is 1.55.
Lead finish for TSL235RSMïLF: solder dipped, 100% Sn.
This drawing is subject to change without notice.
Note(s):
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters; tolerance is ±0.25mm unless otherwise stated.
2. Dimension is to center of lens arc, which is located below the package face.
3. The integrated photodiode active area is typically located in the center of the lens and 0.97 mm below the top of the lens surface.
4. Index of refraction of clear plastic is 1.55.
5. Lead finish for TSL235RSM-LF: solder dipped, 100% Sn.
6. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
Page 12
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ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Ordering & Contact Information
Ordering & Contact Information
Figure 19:
Ordering Information
Ordering Code
Device
TA
TSL235R-LF
TSL235R
-25°C to 70°C
3-lead Sidelooker - Lead
(Pb) Free
TSL235RSM-LF
TSL235R
-25°C to 70°C
3-lead Surface-Mount
Sidelooker - Lead (Pb) Free
Package - Leads
Package
Designator
S
SM
Buy our products or get free samples online at:
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www.ams.com/Technical-Support
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Headquarters
ams AG
Tobelbaderstrasse 30
8141 Premstaetten
Austria, Europe
Tel: +43 (0) 3136 500 0
Website: www.ams.com
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
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TSL235R − RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement
RoHS Compliant & ams Green
Statement
RoHS: The term RoHS compliant means that ams AG products
fully comply with current RoHS directives. Our semiconductor
products do not contain any chemicals for all 6 substance
categories, including the requirement that lead not exceed
0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to
be soldered at high temperatures, RoHS compliant products are
suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
ams Green (RoHS compliant and no Sb/Br): ams Green
defines that in addition to RoHS compliance, our products are
free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants
(Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous
material).
Important Information: The information provided in this
statement represents ams AG knowledge and belief as of the
date that it is provided. ams AG bases its knowledge and belief
on information provided by third parties, and makes no
representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such
information. Efforts are underway to better integrate
information from third parties. ams AG has taken and continues
to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate
information but may not have conducted destructive testing or
chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. ams AG
and ams AG suppliers consider certain information to be
proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited
information may not be available for release.
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ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Copyrights & Disclaimer
Copyrights & Disclaimer
Copyright ams AG, Tobelbader Strasse 30, 8141 Premstaetten,
Austria-Europe. Trademarks Registered. All rights reserved. The
material herein may not be reproduced, adapted, merged,
translated, stored, or used without the prior written consent of
the copyright owner.
Devices sold by ams AG are covered by the warranty and patent
indemnification provisions appearing in its General Terms of
Trade. ams AG makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied,
or by description regarding the information set forth herein.
ams AG reserves the right to change specifications and prices
at any time and without notice. Therefore, prior to designing
this product into a system, it is necessary to check with ams AG
for current information. This product is intended for use in
commercial applications. Applications requiring extended
temperature range, unusual environmental requirements, or
high reliability applications, such as military, medical
life-support or life-sustaining equipment are specifically not
recommended without additional processing by ams AG for
each application. This product is provided by ams AG “AS IS”
and any express or implied warranties, including, but not
limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness
for a particular purpose are disclaimed.
ams AG shall not be liable to recipient or any third party for any
damages, including but not limited to personal injury, property
damage, loss of profits, loss of use, interruption of business or
indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages, of any
kind, in connection with or arising out of the furnishing,
performance or use of the technical data herein. No obligation
or liability to recipient or any third party shall arise or flow out
of ams AG rendering of technical or other services.
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
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TSL235R − Document Status
Document Status
Document Status
Product Preview
Preliminary Datasheet
Datasheet
Datasheet (discontinued)
Page 16
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Product Status
Definition
Pre-Development
Information in this datasheet is based on product ideas in
the planning phase of development. All specifications are
design goals without any warranty and are subject to
change without notice
Pre-Production
Information in this datasheet is based on products in the
design, validation or qualification phase of development.
The performance and parameters shown in this document
are preliminary without any warranty and are subject to
change without notice
Production
Information in this datasheet is based on products in
ramp-up to full production or full production which
conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of
ams AG standard warranty as given in the General Terms of
Trade
Discontinued
Information in this datasheet is based on products which
conform to specifications in accordance with the terms of
ams AG standard warranty as given in the General Terms of
Trade, but these products have been superseded and
should not be used for new designs
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
TSL235R − Revision Information
Revision Information
Changes from TAOS038E (2007-Sep) to current revision 1-00 (2016-Mar-30)
Page
Content of TAOS datasheet was converted to the latest ams design
Added Figure 1
1
Updated notes under Figure 17
11
Updated Figure 19
13
Note(s):
1. Page and figure numbers for the previous version may differ from page and figure numbers in the current revision
2. Correction of typographical errors is not explicitly mentioned.
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30
Page 17
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TSL235R − Content Guide
Content Guide
Page 18
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1
1
2
General Description
Key Benefits & Features
Block Diagram
3
4
5
6
Pin Assignments
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Electrical Characteristics
Typical Operating Characteristics
9
9
9
9
10
Application Information
Power-Supply Considerations
Output Interface
Measuring the Frequency
PCB Pad Layout
11
13
14
15
16
17
Packaging Mechanical Data
Ordering & Contact Information
RoHS Compliant & ams Green Statement
Copyrights & Disclaimer
Document Status
Revision Information
ams Datasheet
[v1-00] 2016-Mar-30