LV8726TA Stepper Motor Pre-Driver, PWM, Constant-Current Control, Micro step Overview The LV8726 is a bipolar stepper motor driver with ultra-small micro step drive capability. The device uses external dual H-bridges consisting of P and N channel MOSFETs. The operation voltage range is from 9V to 55V, and it is applicable to various industrial applications. Synchronous rectification control is implemented for all H-bridges to minimize power dissipation during a MOSFET switching. www.onsemi.com The device implements constant-current control using PWM. The step advance sequencer covers from half step to 1/128 micro step, and is driven by a clock input. The configuration registers can be programmed through an SPI serial interface. To enhance energy efficiency further, the device can be put into a power saving standby mode. 48-pin TQFP with exposed pad 7 mm x 7 mm MARKING DIAGRAM Features H-bridge gate drivers o For bipolar stepper motor o Clockwise(CW) and Counter-clockwise(CCW) direction control o Built-in step vector, selectable number of step resolutions from 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 32, 36, 50, 64, 100 and 128 o Constant-current control o Synchronous rectification to reduce power dissipation Single clock input to advance the excitation step Low power 1μA(max) standby mode Separate power supplies for control logic (3.3-5V) and motor drivers ( 9V – 55V) SPI 8-bit 3-wire serial interface for system configuration Input pins for standby and active mode Built-in system protection features such as: o Under-voltage o Over-current o Over-temperature Typical Applications Textile machines Packing machines Large printers Engraving machines Industrial products © Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC, 2015 October 2015- Rev. 0 XXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXX AWLYYWWG 1 XXXXX A WL YY WW G = Specific Device Code = Assembly Location = Wafer Lot = Year = Work Week = Pb−Free Package ORDERING INFORMATION Ordering Code: LV8726TA-NH Package TQFP48 EP (Pb-Free / Halogen Free) Shipping (Qty / packing) 1000 / Tape & Reel † For information on tape and reel specifications, including part orientation and tape sizes, please refer to our Tape and Reel Packaging Specifications Brochure, BRD8011/D. http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/BRD8011-D.PDF 1 Publication Order Number: LV8726TA/D LV8726TA BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 1. Block Diagram www.onsemi.com 2 LV8726TA APPLICATION CIRCUIT EXAMPLE M * Optional diodes and damping resistors for each gate are connected to control turn OFF time of P-N channel MOSFETS, if needed. 48V 0Ω 100uF TR1 TR3 SFT1342 0Ω 0Ω SFT1342 0Ω TR7 TR5 SFT1342 SFT1342 PGND 100Ω TR4 TR2 SFT1446 100Ω 100Ω SFT1446 SFT1446 SFT1446 0.1Ω 0.1Ω 100uF GB4 37 GB3 38 NC 39 GU4 40 GU3 41 NC 42 NC 43 GB2 44 GB1 45 NC 46 GU2 47 PGND 1 NC 2 NC 3 OUT2 OUT4 34 4 OUT1 OUT3 33 5 RF1 RF2 32 6 NC NC 31 7 VM GND 30 8 VREG2 9 NC NC 28 10 NC NC 27 NC 35 0.1uF VREG1 29 SGND SCLK SDATA STB STEP RST OE FR VREF SDO MO 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 47KΩ 12 NC 24 EMO ST NC 26 13 11 NC PGND NC 36 VCC 25 47KΩ 0.1uF GU1 48 PGND 0.1uF 100Ω TR8 TR6 1uF Serial Input Logic Input Figure 2. Application Circuit Example www.onsemi.com 3 5V SGND LV8726TA 37 GB4 38 GB3 39 NC 40 GU4 41 GU3 42 NC 43 NC 44 GB2 45 GB1 46 NC 47 GU2 48 GU1 PIN ASSIGNMENT VM 7 30 GND VREG2 8 29 VREG1 NC 9 28 NC NC 10 27 NC NC 11 26 NC NC 12 25 24 NC EMO 31 23 6 MO NC 22 RF2 SDO 32 21 5 VREF RF1 20 OUT3 FR 33 19 4 OE OUT1 18 OUT4 RST 34 17 3 STEP OUT2 16 NC STB 35 15 2 SDATA NC 14 NC SCLK 36 13 1 ST NC Figure 3. Pin Assignment www.onsemi.com 4 VCC LV8726TA PIN FUNCTION DISCRIPTION Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Pin Name NC NC OUT2 OUT1 RF1 NC VM VREG2 NC NC NC NC ST SCLK SDATA STB STEP RST OE FR VREF SDO MO EMO VCC NC NC NC VREG1 GND NC RF2 OUT3 OUT4 NC NC GB4 GB3 NC GU4 GU3 NC NC GB2 GB1 NC GU2 GU1 Description No connection No connection OUT2 voltage detection pin OUT1 voltage detection pin Channel 1 Output current detection pin No connection Motor power supply pin Internal regulator capacitor connection pin for high side FET drive No connection No connection No connection No connection Chip enable pin. Serial data transfer clock input Serial data input Serial data latch pulse input Step clock signal input pin Reset signal input pin Output enable signal input pin Direction control signal input pin Constant-current control reference voltage input pin. STEP detection output pin Position detecting monitor pin Unusual condition warning output pins Logic power supply pin No connection No connection No connection Internal regulator capacitor connection pin for low side FET drive GND pin No connection Channel 2 Output current detection pin OUT3 voltage detection pin OUT4 voltage detection pin No connection No connection Output terminal for low side gate drive 4 Output terminal for low side gate drive 3 No connection Output terminal for high side gate drive 4 Output terminal for high side gate drive 3 No connection No connection Output terminal for low side gate drive 2 Output terminal for low side gate drive 1 No connection Output terminal for high side gate drive 2 Output terminal for high side gate drive 1 www.onsemi.com 5 LV8726TA PIN EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS Pin No. 13 Pin Name Equivalent Circuit ST GND 14 SCLK 15 SDATA 16 STB 17 STEP 18 RST 19 OE 20 FR VCC 10kΩ 100kΩ GND 21 VREF VCC 500Ω GND Continued on next page. www.onsemi.com 6 LV8726TA Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Name SDO 23 MO 24 EMO 29 VREG1 200kΩ 22 Equivalent Circuit VM 2kΩ 142kΩ 20kΩ GND 8 VREG2 VM 100kΩ 102kΩ 2kΩ GND Continued on next page. www.onsemi.com 7 LV8726TA Continued from preceding page. Pin No. Pin Name 5 RF1 32 RF2 Equivalent Circuit VCC 500Ω GND 40 GU4 41 GU3 47 GU2 48 GU1 37 GB4 38 GB3 44 GB2 45 GB1 3 OUT2 4 OUT1 33 OUT3 34 OUT4 VM www.onsemi.com 8 60KΩ 60KΩ GND LV8726TA MAXIMUM RATINGS (Note 1) Parameter Symbol Value Unit Motor Supply Voltage (VM) VM 60 V Logic Supply Voltage (VCC) VCC 6 V Logic Input Voltage (ST, SCLK, SDATA, STB, STEP, RST, OE, FR) VIN 6 V IO 50 mA Output current (GU1, GU2, GU3, GU4, GB1, GB2, GB3, GB4) VREF 6 C Pd 3.35 W Storage Temperature Tstg 55 to 150 ºC Junction Temperature TJ 150 ºC Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) (Note 3) MSL 3 - Lead Temperature Soldering Pb-Free Versions (10sec or less) (Note 4) TSLD 260 ºC ESDHBM ±2000 V Reference input voltage (VREF) Allowable Power Dissipation (Note 2) ESD Human Body Model: HBM (Note 5) ESDCDM ESD Charged Device Model: CDM (Note 6) ±500 V 1. Stresses exceeding those listed in the Absolute Maximum Rating table may damage the device. If any of these limits are exceeded, device functionality should not be assumed, damage may occur and reliability may be affected. 2. Specified circuit board: 90mm 90mm 1.6mm, glass epoxy 2-layer board, with backside mounting. It has 1 oz copper traces on top and bottom of the board. 3. Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL): 3 per IPC/JEDEC standard: J-STD-020A 4. For information, please refer to our Soldering and Mounting Techniques Reference Manual, SOLDERRM/D http://www.onsemi.com/pub_link/Collateral/SOLDERRM-D.PDF 5. ESD Human Body Model is based on JEDEC standard: JESD22-A114 6. ESD Charge Device Model is based on JEDEC standard: JESD22-C101 THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS Parameter Symbol Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient (Note 2) RθJA Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient (Note 7) Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case (Top) (Note 2) RΨJT Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Case (Top) (Note 7) Unit 37.3 ºC/W 56.8 ºC/W 4.8 ºC/W 14.9 ºC/W Specified circuit board: 90mm 90mm1.6mm, glass epoxy 2-layer board, without backside mounting. It has 1 oz copper traces on top and bottom of the board. Allowable power dissipation, Pdmax - W 7. Value 4.00 3.50 3.35 3.00 2-layer circuit board with backside mounting 2.50 2.00 2.20 2-layer circuit board with no backside mounting 1.74 1.50 1.10 1.00 0.50 0.00 -20 0 20 40 60 80 Ambient temperature, Ta - C Figure 4. Power Dissipation vs Ambient Temperature Characteristic www.onsemi.com 9 100 LV8726TA RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGES (Note 8) Parameter Symbol Ratings Unit Motor Supply Voltage Range (VM) VM 9 to 55 V Logic Supply Voltage Range (VCC) VCC 2.7 to 5.5 V Logic Input Voltage Range (ST, SCLK, SDATA, STB, STEP, RST, OE, FR) VIN 0 to VCC V 0 to 2.0 V VREF Input Voltage Range (3.8V≤ VCC ≤5.5V) VREF VREF Input Voltage Range (2.7V≤ VCC ≤3.8V) V 40 to 85 ºC TA Ambient Temperature 8. 0 to VCC – 1.8 Functional operation above the stresses listed in the Recommended Operating Ranges is not implied. Extended exposure to stresses beyond the Recommended Operating Ranges limits may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA=25ºC, VM = 48V, VCC=5V, VREF=1.5V unless otherwise noted. (Note 9) Symbol Parameter Condition Max Unit IMstn ST=”L”, No load 1 μA ICCstn ST=”L”, No load 1 μA IM ST=”H”, OE=”L”,RST=”L”, No load 1.6 2.3 mA ICC ST=”H”, OE=”L”,RST=”L”, No load 1.7 2.3 mA Thermal Shutdown Temperature TSD Guaranteed by design 180 210 ˚C Thermal hysteresis ∆TSD Guaranteed by design Standby Mode Current Supply Current Min 150 Typ 40 ˚C Under-voltage Monitor VCC under-voltage threshold VM under-voltage threshold Vthvc VCC falling 2.3 2.45 V Vrevc VCC rising 2.5 2.7 V Vthvm VM falling 7.6 8.4 V Vrevm VM rising 7.85 8.7 V Regulator REG10 Output Voltage VREG1 9.4 10 10.6 V VM-10V Output Voltage VREG2 37 38 39 V 20 32 Ω 25 40 Ω 20 32 Ω 25 40 Ω 4 8 12 μA 30 50 70 μA 2.0 5.5 V 0 0.8 V MOSFET Drivers High Side Output On Resistance Low Side Output On Resistance RonH1 RonH2 RonL1 RonL2 GU1,GU2,GU3,GU4-source Io=-10mA GU1,GU2,GU3,GU4-sink Io=10mA GB1,GB2,GB3,GB4-source side Io=-10mA GB1,GB2,GB3,GB4-sink side Io=10mA Logic Inputs IINL Logic Input Current IINH Logic Input Voltage High VINH Low VINL ST,SCLK,SDATA,STB,STEP,RST,OE,FR VIN=0.8V ST,SCLK,SDATA,STB,STEP,RST,OE,FR VIN=5V ST,SCLK,SDATA,STB,STEP,RST,OE,FR System Monitoring Step signal OFF detection time TSDO0 TSDO1 No rising edge in STEP pin Register D[7]=’0’, D[1:0]=’01’ No rising edge in STEP pin Register D[7]=’1’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.39 0.52 0.65 S 0.78 1.04 1.3 S Continued on next page. www.onsemi.com 10 LV8726TA Continued from preceding page. Parameter Symbol Condition Min Typ Max Unit 0 μA PWM Current Control VREF Pin Input Current IREF VREF=1.5V 0.5 VREF000 Register D[4:2]=’000’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.291 0.3 0.309 V VREF001 Register D[4:2]=’001’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.261 0.27 0.279 V VREF010 Register D[4:2]=’010’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.231 0.24 0.248 V V Current setting comparator threshold REF011 Register D[4:2]=’011’, D[1:0]=’01’ voltage VREF100 Register D[4:2]=’100’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.201 0.21 0.218 V 0.172 0.18 0.188 V VREF101 Register D[4:2]=’101’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.142 0.15 0.158 V VREF110 Register D[4:2]=’110’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.112 0.12 0.128 V VREF111 Register D[4:2]=’111’, D[1:0]=’01’ 0.082 0.09 0.098 V Fchop1 Register D[7:6]=’00’, D[1:0]=’10’ 6 8 10 μs Fchop2 Register D[7:6]=’01’, D[1:0]=’10’ 12 16 20 μs Fchop3 Register D[7:6]=’10’, D[1:0]=’10’ 18 24 30 μs Fchop4 Register D[7:6]=’11’, D[1:0]=’10’ 24 32 40 μs SDO pin saturation voltage Vsatsdo Isod=1mA 400 mV MO pin saturation voltage Vsatmo Imo=1mA 400 mV EMO pin saturation voltage Vsatemo Iemo=1mA 400 mV PWM (Chopping) Period Open Drain Outputs Serial Data Interface (Note 10) SCLK “H” Pulse Width Tckh 0.125 μs SCLK “L” Pulse Width Tckl 0.125 μs SCLK start setup time Tsup1 STB=Low -> SCLK rising edge 0.125 μs STB setup time Tsup2 SCLK rising edge -> STB rising edge 0.125 μs Serial Packet STB Interval Tstbw 0.125 μs SDATA setup time Tds 0.125 μs SDATA hold time Tdh 0.125 μs SCLK Frequency Fclk 4 9. MHz Product parametric performance is indicated in the Electrical Characteristics for the listed test conditions, unless otherwise noted. Product performance may not be indicated by the Electrical Characteristics if operated under different conditions. 10. See Figure 5 for the definition of the timing Figure 5. Serial Interface (SPI) Timing Chart www.onsemi.com 11 LV8726TA TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Standby mode current - VCC 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 ICCstn (uA) IMstn (uA) Standby mode current - VM 0.5 0 -0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 VCC (V) VM (V) Figure 6. Standby Mode Current vs VM Voltage Figure 7. Standby Mode Current vs VCC Voltage Current Consumption of VM Logic Level Input Voltage (OE pin) 1.6 2 1.8 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.4 1.2 H-level (V) IM (mA) 1 0.8 0.6 1 0.8 * Logic inputs are hysteresis type and devide the thethreshold level at VCC rising 4V 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 0 2 2.5 3 3.5 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 VCC(V) 60 H-level VM (V) Figure 8. Current Consumption(IM) vs VM Voltage L-Level Figure 9. Logic H/L-Level Input Voltage (except ST pin) vs VCC Voltage Input Threshold Voltage (ST pin against VCC) Crrent Consumption of VCC 2 2.5 1.8 1.6 2 1.4 1.2 ICC (mA) threshold voltage(V) 1.5 1 0.5 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 6 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 VCC(V) VCC (V) Figure 10. Current Consumption (ICC) vs VCC Voltage Figure 11. ST pin Input Threshold Voltage vs VCC Voltage www.onsemi.com 12 6 LV8726TA TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) Logic pin input current (VM=48V VCC=6V) STEP signal OFF detection time VM=48V setting mode=1.04s 70 1.4 60 1.2 Step signal OFF detection time (s) 50 IIN (uA) 40 30 20 10 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 1 2 3 VIN (V) 4 5 6 0 ST SCLK SDATA STB STEP RST OE FR 2 3 4 5 6 VCC (V) Figure 13. STEP signal OFF detection time vs VCC Voltage Figure 12. Logic Input Current vs Input Voltage VCC Under Voltage Protection Threshold Voltage VM Under Voltage Protection Threshold Voltage 12 9 8 10 7 6 8 VREG1 (V) GB (V) 5 6 4 4 3 2 2 1 0 0 -1 -2 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 -2 3 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8 VM (V) VCC (V) Figure 14. VCC Under-voltage Protection Threshold Voltage vs VCC Voltage Figure 15. VM Under-voltage Protection Threshold Voltage vs VM Voltage VREG1 load regulation VM=48V VCC=5.0V VREG2 load regulation VM=48V VCC=5.0V 12 50 48 10 46 44 VREG2 (V) VREG1 (V) 8 6 4 42 40 38 36 34 2 32 0 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 30 -100 0 Iload (mA) 10 20 30 40 50 60 Iload (mA) Figure 16. VREG1 Output Voltage vs VREG1 Load Current Figure 17. VREG2 Output Voltage vs VREG2 Load Current www.onsemi.com 13 70 LV8726TA TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (CONTINUED) SDO pin Saturation Voltage VM=48V VCC=5V VREF input current VM=48 VCC=5.0V 1.4 0 1.2 -5 Saturation voltage (V) IREF (nA) 1 -10 -15 -20 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 -25 0 1 2 3 4 5 10 15 20 25 30 Load currrent (mA) 5 VREF (V) Figure 18. VREF pin Input Current (IREF) vs VREF Voltage Figure 19. SDO pin Saturation Voltage vs SDO Load current MO pinl Saturation Voltage VM=48V VCC=5V EMO pin Saturation Voltage VM=48V VCC=5V 1.4 1.2 1.2 1 Saturation voltage (V) Saturation voltage (V) 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.2 0 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 30 Chopping period VM=48V VREF=1.5V setting mode=32us 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 3 4 10 15 20 25 30 Figure 21. EMO pin Saturation Voltage vs EMO Load Current Figure 20. MO pin Saturation Voltage vs MO Load Current 2 5 Load current (mA) Load current (mA) Chopping period (us) 0.8 5 6 VCC (V) Figure 22. PWM (Chopping) Period vs VCC Voltage www.onsemi.com 14 LV8726TA FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Power Supply Input (VM, VCC) Table 2: Operating Mode control by ST pin The LV8726 has two power supply pins, VM and VCC. VM is the motor power supply rail which is also connected externally to the power MOSFETs. VCC supplies power to internal circuits. It is highly recommended to provide a decoupling capacitor of 100µF for each position close to the VM pin and VM line of external MOSFETs on the application board. Driver Pins (GUx, GBx and OUTx) The pins GUx are the high side P-MOSFET gate driver outputs, and GBx are the low side N-MOSFET gate driver outputs. The pins OUTx are the voltage sense inputs used for the over-current protection function to measure the P-MOSFET voltage between drain and source. The channel pairing is shown in the following table. ST Operating mode Internal regulator L Standby Standby H Active Active Initialize Step Position Pin (RST) While pin RST is set High, the home position is excited. After RST is released (Low), the first rising edge of STEP pulse advances the step. The position monitor output (MO pin) indicates that the output state is in the home position by outputting Low level. RESET RST STEP MO Table 1: External MOSFETs Connection Channel 1 2 P-MOS gate P-MOS drain N-MOS gate Motor coil GU1 OUT1 GB1 1A GU2 OUT2 GB2 1B GU3 OUT3 GB3 2A GU4 OUT4 GB4 2B 1ch output 0% 2ch output Refer to the APPLICATION CIRCUIT EXAMPLE of page 3. Home position Figure 23. Initialize Step Position (RST) Internal Voltage Regulator for N-MOSFETs (VREG1) This 10V regulator provides required biasing for low side N-MOSFET gate drivers. The output of this regulator is connected to pin VREG1. Do not use VREG1 to drive any external load. It is recommended to connect a 0.1µF decoupling capacitor between VREG1 pin and GND. Output Enable Pin (OE) While OE pin is High, the output power MOSFETs are turned off. During the output disabled, the internal step sequencer keeps operation, advancing the step position based on the clock at STEP pin. Internal Voltage Regulator for P-MOSFETs (VREG2) This regulator provides required biasing for high side P-MOSFET gate drivers at 10V below VM. The output of this regulator is connected to pin VREG2. Do not use VREG2 to drive any external load. It is recommended to connect a 0.1µF decoupling capacitor between VREG2 and VM. STEP MO 1ch output Standby Mode (ST) When pin ST is pulled down to GND, the device enters standby mode: all power MOSFETs are turned off, and, all logic as well as the step counter are reset. When ST pin is pulled to High, the device enters active mode. The motor is excited at the home position. A rising edge at the STEP pin will advance the motor (which direction). Refer to Table 5 of page 16 for the home position. www.onsemi.com 15 Power save mod e OE 0% 2ch output Output is high-impeda nce Figure 24. Example of Output Enable (OE) LV8726TA Summary of System Mode Control (ST, OE, RST) The following table shows the summary of the system mode control function with ST, OE and RST pins. Table 3: System Mode Control ST OE RST Output Step position L * * High impedance Home position Rotational Direction Control Pin (FR) FR controls the progression of the electrical angle of the motor. When FR is Low, the direction is clockwise, and when FR is High, direction is counter-clockwise. Table 6: Direction Control by FR pin H H H High impedance H H L High impedance Based on STEP signal H L H Active Home position H L L Active Based on STEP signal FR Operating mode Low Clockwise (CW) High Counter-clockwise (CCW) Figure 25 shows an example of the direction change with FR pin. FR CW mode CCW mode CW mode STEP Step Clock Signal Input Pin (STEP) A rising edge of the step clock signal at STEP pin advances the step position of the stepper motor by advancing the electrical angle of the excitation current for the motor coils. The number of steps for 90 degree of an electrical cycle (i.e. resolution) is determined by the register bits which are accessible through the serial interface. Excitation position (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (5) (4) (3) (4) (5) 1ch output 2ch output Table 4: Step Position Control by STEP pin ST STEP Operating mode L * Standby mode H Figure 25. Example of Direction Reversal Advancing step position Position Monitor Output Pin (MO) H step position is kept Table 5: Micro Step Resolution Setting Bit setting (D1=0, D0=0) The active low, open drain pin MO indicates the home position of the motor. An example of pin MO waveform is as shown Figure 44 and Figure 45 of page 33 and 34. Home position D5 D4 D3 D2 Micro step resolution: STEPMODE 0 0 0 0 1/2 100% 0% 0 0 0 1 1/4 100% 0% 0 0 1 0 1/8 100% 0% 0 0 1 1 1/16 100% 0% 0 1 0 0 1/32 100% 0% 0 1 0 1 1/64 100% 0% 0 1 1 0 1/128 100% 0% 0 1 1 1 1/3 100% 0% 1 0 0 0 1/6 100% 0% 1 0 0 1 1/12 100% 0% 1 0 1 0 1/36 100% 0% 1 0 1 1 1/5 100% 0% 1 1 0 0 1/10 100% 0% 1 1 0 1 1/20 100% 0% 1 1 1 0 1/50 100% 0% 1 1 1 1 1/100 100% 0% 1ch current 2ch Current www.onsemi.com 16 LV8726TA Current Control Setting (VREF, RF1, RF2) PWM Constant-Current Control Ratio The LV8726 implements a current sense mechanism for each channel using external shunt resistors. To control a coil current, a RFx pin is provided for each channel. A resistor connected at this RFx pin defines the current gain of the coil current. The resistive voltage generated by the coil current is sensed by the RFx pin and the output duty cycle is adjusted so that the RFx voltage level is equal to the internal reference voltage (Equation 1). The reference voltage is determined by the input voltage level at VREF pin and the programmable attenuator. For this VREF pin, it is required to provide an external constant voltage source circuit. Refer to RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGES of page 10 for VREF range. The LV8726 implements constant current control drive by applying a PWM to pins GUx and GBx. When a coil current reaches the set target value, the constant current control mechanism gets activated and performs a repetitive sequence of Charge and Decay operations as shown Figure 30-32 of page 22 and 23. The target value is generated based on the step clock pulse number. The angle of one step θ is 90° ∙ … … … 3 Where, θ : Angle of micro step [deg] S : Micro step (1/2, … 1/128) The n-th current ratio can be represented by Table 7: VREF Attenuation Ratio Setting Bit setting (D1=0, D0=1) D4 D3 D2 VREF (Reference voltage) attenuation ratio: VREFATT % The n-th current value can be represented by 0 0 0 100% 0 0 1 90% 0 1 0 80% 0 1 1 70% 1 0 0 60% 1 0 1 50% 1 1 0 40% 1 1 1 30% ……… 5 Where, n : the position number of STEP from 0 to 1/S The output current calculation method for using of attenuation function of the VREF input voltage is as shown in Equation 1. Equation 2 is utilized to calculate the coil peak current, IOUT. ∙ 5 ∙ 5∙ ∙ ………… 1 ……… 2 For example, in case of 1/128 32 The θ32 is 32 Each current ratio is 32 32 For example, in case of 0.1 Ω] 1.5[V] =1.0 (100%) 1.5 1.0 5 0.1 90° ∙ 32 128 22.5° 22.5° ∙ 100 22.5° ∙ 100 92[%] 38[%] Equation 4 represents the theoretical calculation. The actual current ratio between the channel 1 and 2 is the preset value as shown in Table 10-12 of page 28, 30 and 32. In case of 1/128 micro step case, the preset values are plotted in Figure 41 of page 29. The current waveforms for some micro step settings are illustrated in Figure 44-1., Figure 45-1, Figure 46-1. Where, IOUT : Coil current [A] RRFx : Resistor between RFx and GND [Ω] VREF : Input voltage at the VREF pin [V] ATTRATIO : Attenuator Ratio for the VREF pin The coil current is ∙ 100 … … … 4 3.0 A The LV8726 provides the built-in current vector generator. The current ratio between channel 1 and 2 are preset based on cosine and sine element individually. www.onsemi.com 17 LV8726TA Output Pin for STEP Input Monitoring (SDO) Fault Detection Output (EMO) The step clock signal at pin STEP is monitored by an internal counter. When the interval time of the rising edge is longer than timeout criteria, open drain pin SDO goes Low. The timeout period is selectable by the register bits shown in the following table. The example of detection timing is illustrated in Figure 26. When a fault event is detected, open drain pin EMO goes Low. The fault event is selectable by register from the following four conditions. Table 9: Fault Detection Output Setting Bit setting (D1=0, D0=0) Table 8: STEP Signal OFF Detection Time Setting Bit setting (D1=0, D0=1) D7 STEP signal OFF detection time: TSDO 0 0.52sec 1 1.04sec Fault detection output: EMOSEL D7 D6 0 0 Over-current detection 0 1 None 1 0 VM low voltage < 7.6V (typ) 1 1 Thermal Shutdown The all fault protection functions always work regardless of the EMO output selection. Serial Interface (ST, SDATA, SCLK, STB) The LV8726 has registers to program settings and parameters which are accessed through the serial interface. It consists of the following three pins: 1. Figure 26. Example of SDO Timing 2. SDO Output for Current Reduction To avoid to applying high current to a motor coil for long term at one step position, the SDO output may be used to reduce the reference current. SDO is asserted when the step clock interval is longer than TSDO. With the circuit is shown in Figure 27. VREF voltage can be reduced in case of an SDO assertion. V1 R1 VREF R3 R2 SDO 3. STB: When STB is Low, SDATA is input at the rising edge of SCLK. SCLK signal is not accepted when STB is High. The transmitted data is latched at the rising edge of STB. SDATA: LSB first 8-bit word. Its direction is from external processor to the device. The written data cannot be read back. SCLK: Serial clock. The device fetches each data bit at the rising edge of the clock. The settings of ‘Micro step resolution’ and ‘Decay mode’ are taking effect at the first rising edge of STEP after a register write. Other settings are active immediately after a register change. When more than eight bits of data were received, the latest eight bits are considered effective data. During standby mode (ST=Low), the registers cannot be accessed and all logic is reset. ST SDATA D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SCLK Figure 27. VREF Voltage Attenuation Circuit STB Data latch timing Figure 28. Serial Interface Timing Chart www.onsemi.com 18 LV8726TA Register Map The following Figure shows the register map. The two lowest bits are assigned for selecting one of four addresses. D7 D6 D5 EMOSEL TSDO DECAY TPWM NA NA NA TOFF D4 D3 D2 STEPMODE VREFATT TBLANK NA OCM OCE D1 D0 ADDR1 ADDR0 ADDR D[1:0]: 00 (Address 00) D6 D5 D4 D3 STEPMODE EMOSEL D2 STEPMODE D[5:2] Step mode setting D5 D4 D3 D2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Micro step resolution (Step mode) 1/2 1/4 1/8 1/16 1/32 1/64 1/128 1/3 1/6 1/12 1/36 1/5 1/10 1/20 1/50 1/100 EMOSEL D[7:6] Fault detection output select for EMO output D7 0 0 1 1 D6 0 1 0 1 Fault detection output Over-current detection None VM low voltage < 7.6V (typ) Thermal shutdown www.onsemi.com 19 01 10 11 Figure 29. Register Map D7 Address 00 D1 0 D0 0 LV8726TA ADDR D[1:0] : 01 (Address 01) D7 TSDO D6 D5 DECAY D4 D3 VREFATT D2 D1 0 D0 1 VREFATT D[4:2] Attenuator ratio for VREF D4 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 D3 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D2 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 VREF attenuation ratio 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% DECAY D[6:5] Selection of Decay mode: In the case of 25%FAST at Mixed decay, 25% of the PWM period operates with Fast decay mode. In the case of 50%FAST at Mixed decay, 50% of the PWM period operates with Fast decay mode. D6 0 0 1 1 D5 0 1 0 1 Decay mode: DECAY Mixed (25% Fast) Mixed (50% Fast) Slow Fast TSDO D[7] STEP signal OFF detection time D7 0 1 Step signal OFF detection time: TSDO 0.52sec 1.04sec www.onsemi.com 20 LV8726TA ADDR D[1:0]: 10 (Address 10) D7 D6 D5 TPWM D4 D3 TOFF D2 TBLANK D1 1 D0 0 TBLANK D[3:2] Blanking time: During this period, the mode is not switched from Charge to Decay even if the comparator detects the coil current higher than the target current. D3 0 0 1 1 D2 0 1 0 1 Blanking time 0.5µs 1.0µs 2.0µs 4.0µs TOFF D[5:4] Time for turning off the MOSFETs to avoid shoot through current D5 0 0 1 1 D4 0 1 0 1 Through current protector OFF time 0.5µs 1.0µs 2.0µs 4.0µs TPWM D[7:6] PWM (Chopping) period D7 0 0 1 1 D6 0 1 0 1 PWM (Chopping) period 8µs 16µs 24µs 32µs ADDR D[1:0]: 11 (Address 11) D7 NA D6 NA D5 NA D4 NA D3 OCM D2 OCE OCE D[2] Turn on/off the over-current protection function D2 0 1 Over-current protection ON OFF OCM D[3] Over-current protection mode D3 0 1 Over-current protection mode Latch type Auto reset type The output is turned off at the over-current detection. In case of the latch type, the outputs are turned off until the standby pin ST is set Low when over-current is detected with second detection at 256µs after the first detection. Refer to Figure 47 of page 36 for a timing chart of latch type. In case of the auto reset type, the output is turned on with 2ms interval. www.onsemi.com 21 D1 1 D0 1 LV8726TA Current Decay Mode Sequencing operation is directly changed over to Slow decay operation (3). 2. Next the device activates Slow decay until 50% (or 75%) of the PWM period depending on register setting. The slow decay shorts the coil to make the circulation current decrease slowly as seen in (3) event in Figure 30 3. For the remaining PWM period Fast decay is applied by reversing the voltage across the. LV8726 provides four selectable decay modes in one PWM period: 1. Mixed decay mode (Ratio is register programmable) 2. Slow decay mode 3. Fast decay mode The description of the mixed decay sequence covers all operation modes in detail. For slow and fast decay operation only, the selected mode (slow, fast) covers the entire decay period. Figures 30-32 show the sequence of events in detail. The operation is changed to Charge again from Fast decay. During transition from the upper MOSFET to the lower MOSFET of the same leg a programmable dead time period avoids turning on both MOSFETs at the same time. During this dead time, the coil current flows through the body diode of the MOSFET as seen in (2), (4) and (6) events in Figure 30. Dead time is determined by the register bits through the serial interface. Mixed Decay Sequence In Mixed Decay operation the following charge-discharge sequence of three steps is applied assuming a current direction from “A” to “B”. Refer to Figure 33 and Figure 34 of page 24 for the timing chart of PWM based constant-current by Mixed decay: 1. During Charge operation the voltage VM is applied to the “A” side of the coil until the coil current exceeds the target. In case the current has already exceeded the target value at the end of blanking time, the Charge For Slow decay and Fast decay mode, the coil current flows through the body diode as shown in (2) event in Figure 31 and Figure 32 same as Mixed decay. 1. CHARGE VM 2. 3. SLOW VM VM Current pathway ON OFF GU1 GU2 OFF B A OFF GB2 OFF B ON GB2 ON GB1 RF Charge increases current. GU2 A ON GB1 OFF GU1 B OFF RF GB2 RF Transition from Charge to Slow decay Current regeneration by Slow decay 4. 5. FAST 6. VM VM VM OFF OFF GU1 GU2 A GU2 A ON GB1 OFF GU1 OFF B ON GB2 RF Transition from Slow decay to Fast decay GU2 A OFF GB1 ON GU1 OFF B ON GB2 RF Current regeneration by Fast decay Figure 30. Mixed Decay Sequence www.onsemi.com 22 GU2 B A OFF GB1 OFF GU1 OFF OFF GB1 GB2 RF Transition from Fast decay to Charge LV8726TA Charge increases current. Transition from Charge to Slow decay or from Slow decay to Charge Current regeneration by Slow decay Figure 31. Slow Decay Sequence Charge increases current. Transition from Charge to Fast decay or from Fast decay to Charge Figure 32. Fast Decay Sequence www.onsemi.com 23 Current regeneration by Fast decay LV8726TA Timing Chart of PWM Constant-Current Control When the current control mode is switched from Decay mode to Charge mode, a noise in the current sense resistance occurs by a recovery current, and it may erroneously detect the voltage of the sense pin. Blanking time is provided in order to prevent this erroneous detection. During this period, the mode is not switched from Charge to Decay even if the comparator detects the coil current higher than the target current. Mixed decay current control STEP Set current Set current Coil current Blanking Tim e Fchop PW M(Chopping) period CHARGE Current mode CHARGE SLOW SLOW FAST (50%) FAST (50%) Figure 33. Mixed Decay (50%FAST) Rising Slope STEP Set current Blanking Time Coil current Set current PWM(Chopping) period Fchop Current mode CHARGE SLOW FAST (50%) Blanking Time FAST CHARGE SLOW FAST (50%) Figure 34. Mixed Decay (50%FAST) Falling Slope When a coil current reached the set current, external MOSFETs are repeated Charge mode-> Slow decay mode-> Fast decay mode according to PWM period. The coil current is controlled constant-current by repeating three modes. As for the Fast period, it is selectable in 50% and 25% of PWM period by serial interface. The coil current (ICOIL) and set current (IREF) are compared in blanking time. When ICOIL < IREF: The Charge mode is continued until ICOIL IREF. If ICOIL reaches IREF, the mode is switched to Slow decay mode, and then is changed Fast decay mode. When ICOIL > IREF: The Fast decay mode begins. The coil current is attenuated in the Fast decay mode till one PWM period is over. www.onsemi.com 24 LV8726TA Slow decay current control STEP Set current Set current Coil current Blanking Time Fchop PW M(Chopping) period CHARGE Current mode CHARGE SLOW SLOW Figure 35. Slow Decay Rising Slope S TE P S e t c u rre n t C o il cu rre n t S e t c u rre n t B la n k in g T im e P W M (C h o p p in g ) p e rio d F chop C u rre n t m o d e CHARGE SLOW B la n k in g T im e SLOW B la n k in g T im e SLOW Figure 36. Slow Decay Falling Slope When a coil current reached the set current, external MOSFETs are repeated Charge mode-> Slow decay mode according to PWM period. The coil current is controlled constant-current by repeating two modes. www.onsemi.com 25 LV8726TA Fast decay current control STEP Set current Set current Coil current Blanking Time Fchop Current mode PW M(Chopping) period CHARGE FAST CHARGE FAST Figure 37. Fast Decay Rising Slope STEP S e t c u rre n t C o il c u rre n t S e t c u rre n t B la n k in g T im e P W M (C h o p p in g ) p e rio d F chop C u rre n t m o d e CHARGE FA S T B la n k in g T im e FA S T CHARGE FA S T Figure 38. Fast Decay Falling Slope When a coil current reached the set current, external MOSFETs are repeated Charge mode-> Fast decay mode according to PWM period. The coil current is controlled constant-current by repeating two modes. www.onsemi.com 26 LV8726TA Power on/off Sequence Power-on timing of VM power supply and VCC power supply and input timing of VREF voltage are not restricted. It is possible to power on the VCC power supply after VM and vice versa. It is also possible to supply VREF voltage first. At startup, when all of the following conditions are met; VM ≥ 8.7V, VCC ≥ 2.7V, and PS = High, the internal regulators and gate voltage regulators start. It takes 100us for the regulators to get a stable output. The VREF input should not be floating, and the required input signal should be applied at least 50µs, before ST is pulled High. The register access by serial interface and the logic pin control are possible at least 100us after ST has gone High. Figure 39 shows an example of timing chart that supplied the voltage in order of VM, VCC and VREF including the access timing of the logic pins and the serial interface. Power-off timing of VM power supply, VCC power supply and VREF voltage are not restricted. It is possible to power off the VM power supply after VCC and vice versa. It is also possible to supply VREF voltage last. VM, VCC and VREF voltage should be turned off at least 10µs, after ST was pulled Low in reverse with Power-on sequence. Figure 40 shows an example of Power-off timing chart. Figure 39. Timing Chart Example of Power-on Sequence Figure 40. Timing Chart Example of Power-off Sequence www.onsemi.com 27 LV8726TA Table 10: Current Ratio [%] for Micro Step 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32, 1/64 and 1/128 STEP θ0 θ1 θ2 θ3 θ4 θ5 θ6 θ7 θ8 θ9 θ10 θ11 θ12 θ13 θ14 θ15 θ16 θ17 θ18 θ19 θ20 θ21 θ22 θ23 θ24 θ25 θ26 θ27 θ28 θ29 θ30 θ31 θ32 θ33 θ34 θ35 θ36 θ37 θ38 θ39 θ40 θ41 θ42 θ43 θ44 θ45 θ46 θ47 θ48 θ49 θ50 θ51 θ52 θ53 θ54 θ55 θ56 θ57 θ58 θ59 θ60 θ61 θ62 θ63 θ64 1/128 Step 1ch 2ch 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 98 98 97 97 97 96 96 96 95 95 95 94 94 93 93 92 92 91 91 90 90 89 89 88 88 87 86 86 85 84 84 83 82 82 81 80 80 79 78 77 77 76 75 74 73 72 72 71 0 1 2 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 1/64 Step 1ch 2ch 100 0 100 2 100 5 100 7 100 10 99 12 99 15 99 17 98 20 98 22 97 24 96 27 96 29 95 31 94 34 93 36 92 38 91 41 90 43 89 45 88 47 87 49 86 51 84 53 83 56 82 58 80 60 79 62 77 63 76 65 74 67 72 69 71 71 1/32 Step 1ch 2ch 100 100 100 99 98 97 96 94 92 90 88 86 83 80 77 74 71 0 1/16 Step 1ch 2ch 100 0 1/8 Step 1ch 2ch 100 0 1/4 Step 1ch 2ch 100 1/2 Step 1ch 2ch 0 100 5 10 100 10 15 20 98 20 98 20 24 29 96 29 34 38 92 38 92 38 92 38 43 47 88 47 51 56 83 56 83 56 60 63 77 63 67 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 71 STEP 0 θ65 θ66 θ67 θ68 θ69 θ70 θ71 θ72 θ73 θ74 θ75 θ76 θ77 θ78 θ79 θ80 θ81 θ82 θ83 θ84 θ85 θ86 θ87 θ88 θ89 θ90 θ91 θ92 θ93 θ94 θ95 θ96 θ97 θ98 θ99 θ100 θ101 θ102 θ103 θ104 θ105 θ106 θ107 θ108 θ109 θ110 θ111 θ112 θ113 θ114 θ115 θ116 θ117 θ118 θ119 θ120 θ121 θ122 θ123 θ124 θ125 θ126 θ127 θ128 71 1/128 Step 1ch 2ch 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 31 30 29 28 27 25 24 23 22 21 20 18 17 16 15 13 12 11 10 9 7 6 5 4 2 1 0 72 72 73 74 75 76 77 77 78 79 80 80 81 82 82 83 84 84 85 86 86 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 95 96 96 96 97 97 97 98 98 98 98 99 99 99 99 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 www.onsemi.com 28 1/64 Step 1ch 2ch 69 72 67 74 65 76 63 77 62 79 60 80 58 82 56 83 53 84 51 86 49 87 47 88 45 89 43 90 41 91 38 92 36 93 34 94 31 95 29 96 27 96 24 97 22 98 20 98 17 99 15 99 12 99 10 100 7 100 5 100 2 100 0 100 1/32 Step 1ch 2ch 67 74 63 77 60 80 56 83 51 86 47 88 43 90 38 92 34 94 29 96 24 97 20 98 15 99 10 100 5 100 0 100 1/16 Step 1ch 2ch 63 77 56 83 47 88 38 92 29 96 20 98 10 100 0 100 1/8 Step 1ch 2ch 56 83 38 92 20 98 0 100 1/4 Step 1ch 2ch 38 92 0 100 1/2 Step 1ch 2ch 0 100 LV8726TA 100.0 θ0 θ8 θ16 θ24 θ32 θ40 θ48 θ56 θ64 1ch current ratio (%) 66.7 θ72 θ80 θ88 θ96 33.3 θ104 θ112 θ120 θ128 0.0 0.0 33.3 66.7 2ch current ratio (%) Figure 41. Vector Locus Plot for Example of 1/128 Micro Step www.onsemi.com 29 100.0 LV8726TA Table 11: Current Ratio [%] for Micro Step 1/5, 1/10, 1/20, 1/50 and 1/100 STEP θ0 θ1 θ2 θ3 θ4 θ5 θ6 θ7 θ8 θ9 θ10 θ11 θ12 θ13 θ14 θ15 θ16 θ17 θ18 θ19 θ20 θ21 θ22 θ23 θ24 θ25 θ26 θ27 θ28 θ29 θ30 θ31 θ32 θ33 θ34 θ35 θ36 θ37 θ38 θ39 θ40 θ41 θ42 θ43 θ44 θ45 θ46 θ47 θ48 θ49 θ50 1/100 Step 1ch 2ch 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 99 99 99 99 99 98 98 98 97 97 96 96 96 95 95 94 94 93 92 92 91 90 90 89 88 88 87 86 85 84 84 83 82 81 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 0 2 3 5 6 8 9 11 13 14 16 17 19 20 22 23 25 26 28 29 31 32 34 35 37 38 40 41 43 44 45 47 48 50 51 52 54 55 56 58 59 60 61 63 64 65 66 67 68 70 71 1/50 Step 1ch 2ch 1/20 Step 1ch 2ch 100 0 100 3 100 6 100 100 100 9 99 13 99 16 98 19 98 22 99 97 97 25 96 28 95 31 94 34 93 37 95 92 92 40 90 43 89 45 88 48 86 51 89 85 84 54 83 56 81 59 79 61 77 64 81 76 75 66 73 68 71 71 71 1/10 Step 1ch 2ch 0 100 1/5 Step 1ch 2ch 0 100 8 16 99 16 23 31 95 31 95 38 45 89 45 52 59 81 59 65 71 71 81 STEP 0 θ51 θ52 θ53 θ54 θ55 θ56 θ57 θ58 θ59 θ60 θ61 θ62 θ63 θ64 θ65 θ66 θ67 θ68 θ69 θ70 31 θ71 θ72 θ73 θ74 θ75 θ76 θ77 θ78 θ79 θ80 θ81 θ82 θ83 θ84 θ85 θ86 θ87 θ88 θ89 θ90 59 θ91 θ92 θ93 θ94 θ95 θ96 θ97 θ98 θ99 θ100 1/100 Step 1ch 2ch 71 www.onsemi.com 30 70 68 67 66 65 64 63 61 60 59 58 56 55 54 52 51 50 48 47 45 44 43 41 40 38 37 35 34 32 31 29 28 26 25 23 22 20 19 17 16 14 13 11 9 8 6 5 3 2 0 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 84 85 86 87 88 88 89 90 90 91 92 92 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 96 97 97 98 98 98 99 99 99 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1/50 Step 1ch 2ch 68 73 66 75 64 77 61 79 59 81 56 83 54 84 51 86 48 88 45 89 43 90 40 92 37 93 34 94 31 95 28 96 25 97 22 98 19 98 16 99 13 99 9 100 6 100 3 100 0 100 1/20 Step 1ch 2ch 65 76 59 81 52 85 45 89 38 92 31 95 23 97 16 99 8 100 0 100 1/10 Step 1ch 2ch 59 81 45 89 31 95 16 99 0 100 1/5 Step 1ch 2ch 59 81 31 95 0 100 LV8726TA 100.0 θ0 θ5 θ10 θ15 θ20 θ25 θ30 θ35 θ40 θ45 θ50 1ch current ratio (%) 66.7 θ55 θ60 θ65 θ70 θ75 33.3 θ80 θ85 θ90 θ95 θ100 0.0 0.0 33.3 66.7 2ch current ratio (%) Figure 42. Vector Locus Plot for Example of 1/100 Micro Step www.onsemi.com 31 100.0 LV8726TA Table 12: Current Ratio [%] for Micro Step 1/3, 1/6, 1/12 and 1/36 100 100 100 99 98 98 97 95 94 92 91 89 87 84 82 79 77 74 71 1/12 Step 1ch 2ch 0 4 9 13 17 22 26 30 34 38 42 46 50 54 57 61 64 68 71 100 0 99 13 97 26 92 38 87 50 79 61 71 71 1/6 Step 1ch 2ch 100 0 97 1/3 Step 1ch 2ch 100 26 87 50 71 87 STEP 0 θ19 θ20 θ21 θ22 θ23 θ24 θ25 θ26 θ27 θ28 θ29 θ30 50 θ31 θ32 θ33 θ34 θ35 θ36 1/36 Step 1ch 2ch 68 64 61 57 54 50 46 42 38 34 30 26 22 17 13 9 4 0 74 77 79 82 84 87 89 91 92 94 95 97 98 98 99 100 100 100 1/12 Step 1ch 2ch 61 79 50 87 38 92 26 97 13 99 0 100 1/6 Step 1ch 2ch 50 87 26 97 0 100 71 100.0 θ3 θ0 θ6 θ9 θ12 θ15 θ18 66.7 1ch current ratio (%) STEP θ0 θ1 θ2 θ3 θ4 θ5 θ6 θ7 θ8 θ9 θ10 θ11 θ12 θ13 θ14 θ15 θ16 θ17 θ18 1/36 Step 1ch 2ch θ21 θ24 θ27 33.3 θ30 θ33 θ36 0.0 0.0 33.3 66.7 2ch current ratio (%) Figure 43. Vector Locus Plot for Example of 1/36 Micro Step www.onsemi.com 32 100.0 1/3 Step 1ch 2ch 50 87 0 100 LV8726TA STEP MO (%) 100 I1 0 -100 (%) 100 I2 0 -100 Figure 44-1. Current Waveform Example: Case of 1/2 Step CW 1/2 (Half) step VM=48V, VCC=3.3V, VREF=1.1V (Iout≈2.0A) RF1/2=0.11kΩ, STEP=2000Hz Rcoil=0.47Ω Decay mode: Mixed (25% Fast) PWM (chopping) period: 8us MO 5V/div STEP 5V/div OUT1 Motor Current 2A/div OUT3 Motor Current 2A/div 1ms/div Figure 44-2. Current Waveform Example of the stepper motor: Case of 1/2 Step CW www.onsemi.com 33 LV8726TA STEP MO [%] 100 50 I1 0 -50 -100 [%] 100 50 I2 0 -50 -100 Figure 45-1. Current Waveform Example: Case of 1/16 Step CW 1/16 step VM=48V, VCC=3.3V, VREF=1.1V (Iout≈2.0A) RF1/2=0.11kΩ, STEP=2000Hz Rcoil=0.47Ω Decay mode: Mixed (25% Fast) PWM (chopping) period: 8us MO 5V/div STEP 5V/div OUT1 Motor Current 2A/div OUT3 Motor Current 2A/div Figure 45-2. Current Waveform Example of the stepper motor: Case of 1/16 Step CW www.onsemi.com 34 LV8726TA Figure 46-1. Current Waveform Example: Case of 1/128 Step CW 1/128 step VM=48V, VCC=3.3V, VREF=1.1V (Iout≈2.0A) RF1/2=0.11kΩ, STEP=2000Hz Rcoil=0.47Ω Decay mode: Mixed (25% Fast) PWM (chopping) period: 8us MO 5V/div STEP 5V/div OUT1 Motor Current 2A/div OUT3 Motor Current 2A/div 50ms/div Figure 46-2. Current Waveform Example of the stepper motor: Case of 1/128 Step CW www.onsemi.com 35 LV8726TA Over-Current Protection (OCP) The over-current covers the following three circuit short modes. 1. Output shorted to power rail 2. Output shorted to ground 3. Loads shorted to each other (two outputs of a channel) Figure 48, Figure 49. and Figure 50. show these three circuit short modes. The over-current is detected when the voltage between drain and source of the external P-MOSFET exceeds 3V during turn-on. For the low side, it is detected when RFx voltage exceeds three times the RFx voltage defined by applying setting current (ATTRATIO =1.0:100%). RFx pin voltage is as shown in Equation 6. Refer to equation 2 to determine Iout. 5 Output ON Over-current Detected Fault Detection Release 2µs Output OFF Timer latch period (typ:256µs) Output ON Output OFF 2µs Over-current Detected Internal counter 1st counter 1st counter 1st counter 1st counter start stop start stop 2nd counter start 2nd counter stop Figure 47. Timing Chart of Latched OCP Auto Reset OCP When the over-current is detected for 2µs (typ), the outputs turned off for 2ms (typ), and they are turned on again after 2ms. If the over-current mode still continues, over-current protection circuit is continued repetition operation of on and off until the current gets down. ∙ H-bridge Output state ……… 6 Where, IOUT(max) : Coil current [A] (ATTRATIO=1.0: 100%) RRFx : Resistor between RFx and GND [Ω] VRFx(max) : RFx voltage [V] (ATTRATIO=1.0: 100%) For example, in case of 1.5 V] 1.5 [V] 0.3 V 5 The over-current protection voltage of low side is 3∙ 3 0.3[V] 0.9 V Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO) The integrated UVLO protection enables safe shutdown of the system if the voltage on either VM or VCC drops. When the VM voltage is less than 7.6V (typ), the outputs are turned off and EMO output is asserted. When the VCC voltage is less than 2.3V (typ), logic circuits are put into the reset state and the outputs are turned off. Thermal Shutdown (TSD) It depends on VREF input voltage. Latched OCP If a coil current exceeds the detection current level for 2µs, the outputs are turned off. Subsequently, the outputs are turned on again after the timer latch period (typ: 256μs). If the output remains in over-current condition, it will be turned off again and remain latched off. In this case the programmed EMO output is asserted. The over-current protection latch (the outputs are turned off), is released by setting ST = "L". The built-in TSD protection prevents damage to the LV8726 from excessive heat. If the junction temperature Tj exceeds 180°C (typ), the outputs are turned off. If Tj goes down under 140°C (40°C of hysteresis), the outputs are automatically restored. This thermal shutdown function doesn’t guarantee protection of the set and the destruction prevention. www.onsemi.com 36 LV8726TA Short to Power Figure 48. Short Output to Power Rail Short to GND Figure 49. Short Output to GND Load short Figure 50. Short Load www.onsemi.com 37 LV8726TA PCB LAYOUT GUIDELINES VM and Ground routing Make sure to connect VM and the power rail of the external P channel MOSFETs by a low impedance route. As high current flows into the source of the N channel MOSFETs, these sources must also be connected by a low impedance route to power ground (PGND). PGND and GND (pin 30) of LV8726 must also be connected by low impedance traces. (pin 30) and PGND of the N channel MOSFETs are in the same plane, connect the exposed pad to same GND. Do not connect the exposed pad to the PGND only. If GND (30pin) and PGND are divided, connect it to GND (30pin). Thermal Test conditions Size: 90mm × 90mm × 1.6mm (two layers PCB) Material: Glass epoxy Copper wiring density: L1 = 55% / L2 = 70% Exposed Pad The exposed pad is connected to the frame of the LV8726 and must be connected to GND. When GND L1 : Copper wiring pattern diagram (top) L2 : Copper wiring pattern diagram (bottom) Figure 51. Pattern Diagram of Top and Bottom Layer Recommendation The thermal data provided is for the thermal test condition where 90% or more of the exposed die pad is soldered. It is recommended to derate critical parameters for a safe design. Electrical parameters that are recommended to be derated are: operating voltage, operating current, junction temperature, and device power dissipation. The recommended derating for a safe design is as shown below: Check solder joints and verify reliability of solder joints for critical areas such as exposed die pad, power pins and grounds. Any void or deterioration in solder joint of these critical areas may cause deterioration in thermal conduction and lead to thermal destruction of the device. Maximum 80% for operating voltage Maximum 80% for operating current Maximum 80% for junction temperature www.onsemi.com 38 LV8726TA PACKAGE DIMENSIONS unit : mm TQFP48 EP 7x7, 0.5P CASE 932F ISSUE C 4X 12 TIPS NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCING PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETERS. 3. DIMENSION b DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBAR PROTRUSION. DAMBAR PROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 MAX. AT MMC. DAMBAR CANNOT BE LOCATED ON THE LOWER RADIUS OF THE FOOT. MINIMUM SPACE BETWEEN PROTRUSION AND ADJACENT LEAD IS 0.07. 0.20 C A-B D NOTE 9 D NOTE 7 D NOTE 7 25 37 A NOTES 4&6 SIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASH, PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.25 PER SIDE. DIMENSIONS D1 AND E1 ARE MAXIMUM PLASTIC BODY SIZE INCLUDING MOLD MISMATCH. 5. THE TOP PACKAGE BODY SIZE MAY BE SMALLER THAN THE BOTTOM PACKAGE SIZE BY AS MUCH AS 0.15. 6. DATUMS A-B AND D ARE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE H. 7. A1 IS DEFINED AS THE VERTICAL DISTANCE FROM THE SEATING NOTE 7 B NOTE 9 E1 E 8. DIMENSIONS D AND E TO BE DETERMINED AT DATUM PLANE C. 13 48 1 D1 4X NOTES 4 & 6 0.20 H A-B D TOP VIEW DETAIL A 0.08 C A H 0.05 L2 A2 A1 e 48X SIDE VIEW C SEATING PLANE b 0.20 C A-B D DETAIL A L M DIM A A1 A2 b D D1 D2 E E1 E2 e L L2 M MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 0.95 1.25 0.05 0.15 0.90 1.20 0.17 0.27 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 4.90 5.10 9.00 BSC 7.00 BSC 4.90 5.10 0.50 BSC 0.45 0.75 0.25 BSC 0 7 RECOMMENDED SOLDERING FOOTPRINT* NOTE 3 D2 E2 9.36 48X 1.13 5.30 9.36 5.30 1 BOTTOM VIEW 0.50 PITCH www.onsemi.com 39 48X 0.29 DIMENSIONS: MILLIMETERS LV8726TA ON Semiconductor and the ON logo are registered trademarks of Semiconductor Components Industries, LLC (SCILLC) or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. SCILLC owns the rights to a number of patents, trademarks, copyrights, trade secrets, and other intellectual property. A listing of SCILLC’s product/patent coverage may be accessed at www.onsemi.com/site/pdf/Patent-Marking.pdf . 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