AP1012A

[AP1012A]
AP1012A
18V Dual H-Bridge Motor Driver IC
1. Genaral Description
The AP1012A is a dual H-bridge motor driver which has four drive modes: forward, reverse, brake and
standby, to operate up to 18V motor supply voltage. An N-channel LDMOS is built in for both high and low
sides of the output driver to minimize the device size. Additionally, the AP1012A has under voltage
detection and thermal shutdown circuits. It is housed in a small 24-pin QFN package, suitable for driving
various types of small motors.
2. Features



Control Supply Voltage
Logic Terminal Supply Voltage
Wide Motor Drive Operating Voltage


Maximum Output Current(DC)
Maximum Output Current(Peak)

Maximum Output Current(Peak)






H-Bridge On Resistance
Power-Down Mode
Built-in Under Voltage Detection Circuit
Built-in Thermal Shut Down Circuit
Junction Temperature (Tj)
Package
2.7 to 5.5V
1.62V to Control Supply Voltage
2 to 18V
(NMOS high side and Low side architecture)
1.3A
3.0A (Ta = 25°C, less than 10ms in 200ms or less
than 5ms in 100ms)
4.5A (Ta = 25°C,less than 5ms in 200ms or less
than 2.5ms in 200ms)
RON(TOP+BPT) = 0.36Ω (typ)@25°C
VM consumption current less than 2µA(Ta = 25°C)
Detection Voltage ; 2.2V(typ)
175°C (typ)
150°C (max)
24-pin QFN (4mmx4mm)
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[AP1012A]
3. Table of Contents
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Genaral Description ................................................................................................................................... 1
Features ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................... 2
Block Diagram ........................................................................................................................................... 3
Ordering Guide .......................................................................................................................................... 3
Pin Configurations and Functions .............................................................................................................. 4
■ Pin Configurations ................................................................................................................................... 4
■ Functions ................................................................................................................................................. 4
■Terminal Equivalent Circuit ...................................................................................................................... 5
7. Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................................................................................................... 6
8. Recommended Operating Conditions ........................................................................................................ 6
9. Electrical Characteristics ........................................................................................................................... 7
10.
Functional Descriptions ......................................................................................................................... 9
11.
Recommended External Circuits.......................................................................................................... 11
■ Recommended External Circuits ........................................................................................................... 11
■ Reference Value .................................................................................................................................... 11
12.
Package ................................................................................................................................................ 12
■ Outline Dimensions ............................................................................................................................... 12
■ Marking ................................................................................................................................................. 12
13.
Revise History ...................................................................................................................................... 13
IMPORTANT NOTICE .............................................................................................................................. 14
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[AP1012A]
4. Block Diagram
VIO
VC
VG
Thermal Shut Down
Under Voltage Detection
VREF
OSC
VIO
VC
VG
Charge
Pump
CH
CL
VM1
IN1A
IN1B
OUT1A
EN
OUT1B
Pre
Driver
Control
Logic
IN2A
IN2B
PGND
VM2
-
PSAVE
OUT2A
OUT2B
PGND
DGND
Figure 1. Block Diagram
5.
AP1012A
Ordering Guide
-30 to 85°C
24-pin QFN
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[AP1012A]
6. Pin Configurations and Functions
VIO
VC
CL
CH
VG
DGND
18
17
16
15
14
13
■ Pin Configurations
OUT1A
19
OUT1A
20
VM1
21
12
OUT2A
11
OUT2A
10
VM2
(Top View)
VM1
22
9
VM2
OUT1B
23
8
OUT2B
OUT1B
24
7
OUT2B
1
2
3
4
5
6
IN1 A
IN1 B
IN2 A
IN2 B
EN
PSAVE
EP(GND)
■ Functions
Pin Number
Name
I/O (Note 1) Function
Remark
14
VG
O
Charge pump output capacitor connection l
15
CH
I/O
Charge pump capacitor connection l
16
CL
I/O
Charge pump capacitor connection
21,22
VM1
P
Motor driver power supply
19,20
OUT1A
O
Motor driver output
23,24
OUT1B
O
Motor driver output
Exposed Pad
PGND
P
Power ground
(Note 2)
11,12
OUT2A
O
Motor driver output
7,8
OUT2B
O
Motor driver output
9,10
VM2
P
Motor driver power supply
4
IN2B
I
Control signal input
3
IN2A
I
Control signal input
2
IN1B
I
Control signal input
1
IN1A
I
Control signal input
13
DGND
P
Digital Ground
5
EN
I
Enable signal input
100kΩ pull-up
6
PSAVE
I
Power save input
100kΩ pull-up
18
VIO
P
Logic input terminal power supply
17
VC
P
Control power supply
Note 1. I(Input pin), O(Output pin), P(Power pin)
Note 2. The exposed pad must be connected to power ground and DGND.
Note 3. The same voltage must be supplied to VM1(pin No.21, 22) and the VM2 (pin No.9, 10) each other.
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[AP1012A]
■Terminal Equivalent Circuit
Pin No.
Name
21,22
9,10
VM1
VM2
18
17
VIO
VC
Function
Motor Driver Power Supply
(The same voltage must be supplied to
VM1(pin No. 21,22)and VM2(pin No. 9,10)
each other)
Logic Input Terminal Power Supply
Control Power Supply
Equivalent Circuits
VIO
5
6
EN
PSAVE
1
2
3
4
IN1A
IN1B
IN2A
IN2B
100k
Ω
Logic Input
(Built-in pull-up resistor)
2kΩ
2kΩ
2kΩ
2kΩ
Control Signal Input
VM
19,20
23,24
11,12
7,8
OUT1A
OUT1B
OUT2A
OUT2B
Motor Driver Output
OUT1A
OUT2A
OUT1B
OUT2B
PGND
VG
VG
14
15
CH
Charge Pump Output Capacitor Connection
Charge Pump Capacitor Connection
CH
VM2
VC
16
CL
CL
Charge Pump Capacitor Connection
PGND
13
Exposed
Pad
DGND
PGND
DGND
Ground Terminal
Power Ground Terminal
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PGND
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[AP1012A]
7. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Parameter
Control supply voltage
Symbol
VC
min
-0.5
max
6
Unit Remark
V
VIO is under VC voltage
V
(Note 6)
V
Logic terminal supply voltage
VIO
-0.5
6
Motor driver supply voltage
VIO level terminal voltage
(PSAVE,EN,IN1A,IN1B,IN2A
and IN2B)
VM level terminal voltage
(OUT1A,OUT1B,OUT2A and
OUT2B)
VG,CH terminal voltage
VM
-0.5
19
Vterminal1
-0.5
5.5
V
Vterminal2
-0.5
19
V
Vterminal3
-0.5
25
V
Maximum DC output current
IloaddcMD
-
1.3
A
Maximum peak output current
IloadpeakMD
-
OUTnA and OUTnB
terminal
OUTnA and OUTnB
terminals
less than 10ms in 200ms
Less than 5ms in 200ms
Ta=85°C(Note 5)
A
3
4.5
Power dissipation
PD
1625 mW
Operating Temperature range
Ta
-30
85
°C
Junction temperature
Tj
150
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-65
150
°C
Note 4. All above voltages respect to Ground (DGND/PGND terminal voltage).
Note 5. The rating is calculated by RθJ = 40°C/W under the condition when 4 layer board is used. The EP
terminal is connected to ground. Compliant to SEMI JEDEC JESD51-6, JESD51-7.
Note 6. Logic terminal supply voltage (VIO) needs to be turned on prior to or at the same time as Control
supply voltage(VC).
WARNING: Operation at or beyond these limits may result in permanent damage to the device. Normal
operation is not guaranteed at these extremes.
8. Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter
Control supply voltage
Logic terminal supply voltage
Motor driver supply voltage
Input frequency range (50% duty)
Symbol
VC
VIO
VM
Fin
min
2.7
1.62
2.0
-
MS1493-E-03
typ
3.3
1.8/3.3
-
max
5.5
VC
18
200
Unit
V
V
V
kHz
Remark
2014/12
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[AP1012A]
9. Electrical Characteristics
(Ta = 25°C, VM = 15V and VC = 3.3V, otherwise specified.)
Parameter
Charge pump
Charge pump voltage
Charge pump wake up time
VDET1
VC under voltage detect voltage
TSD
Thermal shutdown temperature
(Note 7)
Temperature hysteresis (Note 7)
Consumption current current
VM consumption current at no
power
VM consumption current at
standby
Symbol
min
typ
max
Unit
VG
tVG
18.0
0.1
18.2
1
18.3
3
V
ms
VCDETLV
1.9
2.2
2.5
V
TDET
150
175
200
°C
TDETHYS
20
30
40
°C
IVMNOPOW+
-
-
2
µA
IVMSTBY
-
15
70
µA
IVCSTBY
-
150
300
µA
IVCPSAVE
-
-
1
µA
PSAVE = “H”, EN = “H”
IVCPWM
-
1
2
mA
INnA = 200kHz, INnB = “H”
RON1
-
0.18
0.25
Ω
Driver on resistance
(High side or Low side) (Note 7)
RON2
-
0.22
0.27
Ω
Drive on resistance
(High side or Low side) (Note 7)
RON3
-
0.27
0.32
Ω
VFMD
-
0.8
1.2
V
VC = 3.3V, Iload = 100mA
Ta = 25°C
VC = 3.3V, Iload = 1.2A
Ta = 25°C
(Equivalent Tj = 85°C)
VC = 3.3V, Iload = 1.2A
Ta = 85°C
(Equivalent Tj = 150°C)
IF = 100 mA
tPDLHB
-
-
0.5
µs
tr = tf = 10ns
tPDHHB
-
-
1.0
µs
tr = tf = 10ns
tPDZHHB
-
-
0.5
µs
tr = tf = 10ns
tPDZHHB
-
-
2.0
µs
tr = tf= 10ns
tPWDHB
0.6
-
-
µs
PWL = 1.0µs, tr = tf = 10ns
VIH
0.7×VIO
-
-
V
VIL
-
-
0.3×VIO
V
VC consumption current at standby
VC consumption current at power
save
VC consumption current at PWM
operation
Motor Driver
Driver on resistance
(High side or Low side)
Body diode forward voltage
H-Bridge propagation delay
(L→L) (Note 8)
H-Bridge propagation delay
(H→H) (Note 8)
H-Bridge propagation delay
(HiZ→H)
H-Bridge propagation delay
(H→HiZ)
H-Bridge output pulse width
Control logic
Input High level voltage
(INnA, INnB)
Input Low level voltage
(INnA, INnB)
time
time
time
time
Conditions
VG = VC + VM
VG = VC + VM – 0.3V
VC = 0V
PSAVE = “L”, EN = “H”
INnA = “L”, INnB = “L”
PSAVE = “L”, EN = “H”
INnA = “L”, INnB = “L”
VIO = 1.6V to 5.5V
Note 7. Not tested in production.
Note 8. Refer to Figure 2.
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[AP1012A]
tPWI
INB
―――
(INA=INB)
50%
tPDH
tPDL
tPWO
90%
OUTA
OUTB
50%
10%
Figure 2. Output Propagate Delay Time Chart
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[AP1012A]
10. Functional Descriptions
10.1 Control Logic
Input and Output statuses of each operation mode are shown below.
Input
Output
INnA
INnB
OUTnA
OUTnB
L
H
L
L
Z
Z
L
H
L
H
L
H
L
H
H
L
H
L
L
H
H
H
L
L
L
L
X
X
L
L
H
X
X
X
Z
Z
Note 9. TSD/UVLO/VREF/OSC/Charge pump circuits are shut down.
PSAVE
EN
Motion
Standby (Idling)
Reverse
Forward
Brake
Brake
Power Save (Note 9)
10.2 Basic Architecture of the Motor Driver
The AP1012A has an N-channel LDMOS FET for both high and low sides in the output circuit, so that a
small package can be adopted. High side FET is driven by VG voltage, VG=VM+ VC is generated by a
charge pump. VG voltage reaches the targeted voltage level within 1ms (typ) after starting the charge pump.
The charge pump operates at 360kHz (typ) Low side FET is driven by VC voltage.
VG
Logic
Charge
Pump
CH
CL
Enable
Control
VM
VG
EN
INA
INB
OUTA
VC
VG
Pre
Driver
VC
OUTB
PGND
Figure 3. Equivalent Circuit of Motor Driver Block
The OSC block supplies a drive pulse to the charge pump. The input interface block is operated by VIO
power supply for logic input terminal VIO power supply needs to be tumed on at the same time as or earlier
than VC power supply. (If the VIO is turned on later than the VC, it is recommend to connect pull-up
resistance about 5ookΩ between the VIO and the VC pins to avoid an uncertainty stats of the circuit).
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[AP1012A]
10.3 Protection Circuits
The AP1012A has penetration current prevention, thermal shut down and under voltage detection circuits.

Penetration current prevention circuit
MOSFET turns off both of high side and low side during the dead time period when penetration
current prevention circuit operates. During this period, either body diode is turn on depends on the
direction of the current. Figure 4 shows an example when the AP1012A drives the output from “L” to
“H” in. (a) shows the case that current flows from external load to the AP1012A, (b) shows the case
that current flows from the AP1012A to external load
VM
Vfh
OUTA/B
(a)
Motor
(b)
Vfl
PGND
INA/B
Dead Time
Dead Time
H-side MOSFET
ON
OFF
ON
ON
OFF
ON
L-side MOSFET
OFF
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
OFF
OUTA/B
Vfh
VM
Vfl
PGND
(a) Case for current is passed from external load to this IC
VM
PGND
(b) Case for current is passed from this IC to external load
Figure 4. Difference in output terminal by load current direction

Thermal Shutdown
The AP1012A prevents damages from self-heating by setting OUTA and OUTB outputs Hi-Z when
abnormal high temperature (175°C typ) is detected. The AP1012A is able to return to normal operation
as soon as the temperature drops to the level lower than the bottom detection threshold.
Detect High Temp.(175℃typ)⇒
OUTnA/OUTnB are Hi-Z
Wait to Cool Down
(Hysteresis: 30°C typ)
Resume Motor Driver Operation
OUTnA/OUTnB are conform INnA/INnB
Figure 5. Thermal Shutdown Operation
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[AP1012A]
11. Recommended External Circuits
■ Recommended External Circuits
OUT1A
OUT1A
VM1
19
20
21
22
3
16
4
CVC
CHL
15
CVG
VG
5
CVIO
CL
CH
VM
14
EP(GND)
12
DGND
OUT2A
11
13
CVM
OUT2A
8
OUT2B
OUT2B
10
6
7
PSAVE
VC
17
VM2
EN
18
2
9
IN2B
VIO
VC
VM2
IN2A
23
1
IN1B
VIO
24
IN1A
VM
VM1
OUT1B
VIO
MCU
OUT1B
CVM
MOTOR
VM
MOTOR
Figure 6. External Circuit Example
■ Reference Value
Table 1. Recommended External Components
Items
Motor driver power supply
connection decupling capacitor
Symbol
min
typ
max
Unit
CVM
1.0
-
-
µF
Control power supply connection
bypass capacitor
CVC
0.1
1.0
-
µF
Logic input terminal power supply
connection bypass capacitor
CVIO
0.1
1.0
-
µF
Charge pump capacitor1
Charge pump capacitor2
CVG
CHL
0.047
0.047
0.1
0.1
0.22
0.22
µF
µF
Remark
(Note 10)
Please confirm
value with the
board.
Please confirm
value with the
board.
an appropriate
actual system
an appropriate
actual system
Note 10. Connecting capacity of CVM, CVC and CVIO should be determined in consideration of the load
current profile, the load capacitance, the wiring resistance and etc. of the actual system board.
Note 11. VM1 and VM2 are not connected internally by a metal layer. Please connect both pins at same
voltage level on the mounting board.
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[AP1012A]
12. Package
■ Outline Dimensions
24-pin QFN (Unit mm)
2.80 0.10
0.75 0.05
B
24
C0.35
18
1
13
6
0.05MAX
A
12
7
0.40 0.10
4.00
2.80 0.10
0.10
19
0.10 M C A B
4.00 0.10
0.05
(0.20)
0.25
0.08 C
C
0.50 Ref
■ Marking
1012A
(2)
YWW A
(1)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
1pin Indication
Part Number
Year code（last 1 digit）
Week code
Management code
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[AP1012A]
13.
Date (YY/MM/DD)
12/12/05
14/10/09
14/12/03
14/12/12
Revision
00
01
02
03
Page
P4
P10
P12
Revise History
Contents
First edition
Add Note 3.
Correct some sentences and figure 4 in 10.3 Protection Circuits.
Correct part number in marking (12. Package).
MS1493-E-03
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[AP1012A]
IMPORTANT NOTICE
0. Asahi Kasei Microdevices Corporation (“AKM”) reserves the right to make changes to the
information contained in this document without notice. When you consider any use or application
of AKM product stipulated in this document (“Product”), please make inquiries the sales office of
AKM or authorized distributors as to current status of the Products.
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respect to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this document nor grants
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LIABILITY FOR ANY LOSSES INCURRED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES ARISING FROM
THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION IN YOUR PRODUCT DESIGN OR APPLICATIONS.
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written consent of AKM.
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