PGA, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide

Analog and Interface Product Solutions
Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs),
Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
High Performance Devices for a Variety of Precision and
Embedded Systems Applications
Design ideas in this guide use the following devices. A complete device list and corresponding data sheets for these
products can be found at www.microchip.com.
Programmable Gain Amplifiers
MCP6S21/2/6/8
MCP6S91/2/3
Operational Amplifiers
MCP601/2/3/4 MCP602X
MCP606/7/8/9 MCP604X
MCP61X
MCP605X
MCP62X
MCP606X
MCP63X
MCP607X
MCP65X
MCP614X
MCP66X
MCP623X
MCP600X
MCP624X
MCP627X
MCP6275
MCP628X
MCP6285
MCP6286
MCP629X
MCP6295
MCP6V0X
Comparators
MCP6541/2/3/4/5
MCP6546/7/8/9
MCP6561/2/4
MCP6566/7/9
www.microchip.com/analog
PGA, Op Amp and Comparators Overview
It is vital for designers of embedded control products
to select the most suitable controller and companion
devices. Embedded control products are found in all market
segments: consumer, PC peripherals, telecommunications,
automotive and industrial. Most embedded control products
must meet special requirements: cost effectiveness,
low-power, small-footprint and a high level of system
integration.
Microchip has established itself as a leading supplier
of embedded control solutions. The combination of high
performance mixed-signal and linear analog products provide
the basis for this leadership. Microchip’s extensive family of
Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs), Operational Amplifiers
and Comparators are an example of the innovation and
improvement in design that Microchip is committed to deliver
to our customers.
Programmable Gain Amplifiers
The MCP6S21/2/6/8 and MCP6S91/2/3 precision
Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs) are programmable
over an SPI bus and thus add gain control and input channel
selection to the embedded control system. These PGAs are
optimized for high speed, low offset voltage and single-supply
operation with rail-to-rail input and output capability.
Operational Amplifiers
Wide Bandwidth Operational Amplifiers
for Low Power Applications
10000
MCP65x MCP661
MCP62x
MCP631
MCP6291 MCP602x
MCP6L91
MCP628x
MCP6V0x
MCP601
MCP6L1
MCP6001
MCP6271
MCP6L71
MCP6L01 MCP607x
MCP624x
MCP606x
MCP605x
MCP606/7/8/9
MCP623x
MCP616/7/8/9
Quiescent Current (uA)
1000
100
10
Microchip’s MCP601/2/3/4, MCP600X and MCP624X, are
low-cost op amps suitable for general purpose applications
such us signal amplification, sensor buffer or driving an
analog-to-digital converters.
The MCP604X and MCP614X families are 600 nA, rail-to-rail
input and output op amps that are ideal for battery powered
applications.
The MCP606/7/8/9, MCP61X, MCP6051/2/4,
MCP6061/2/4 and the MCP6071/2/4 families also
consume very low current and provide wide Gain Bandwidth
Product. These op amps are targeted for low power precision
applications with very low offset voltage
The MCP6V0X families of auto-zero operational amplifiers
has input offset voltage correction for very low offset and
offset drift. These devices are unity gain stable, have no 1/f
noise, and have good PSRR and CMRR. These products are
targeted for ultra high precision applications that require the
highest level of performance.
The MCP62X and MCP65X families of operational
amplifiers feature low offset via the mCal Technology. At
power-up, these op amps are calibrated using mCal. Some
package options also provide a calibration/chip select pin
that supports a low power mode of operation, with offset
calibration at the time normal operation is re-started. These
amplifiers are optimized for high speed, low noise and
distortion, single-supply operation with rail-to-rail output and
an input that includes the negative rail.
Comparators
Several comparators are offered with low supply voltage
(1.8V) and low supply current (1 μA). Examples include
the MCP6541/2/3/4, TC1038, TC1039 and the
MCP6546/7/8/9 family of push-pull and open-drain
comparators, which are designed for very low power
single-supply applications.
Inverting Comparator with Hysteresis
MCP603x
1
MCP614x
VDD
MCP604x
Legend:
Precision Op Amps
General Purpose Op Amps
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Gain Bandwidth Product (kHz)
10000
VIN
100000
VOUT
R2
The MCP602X family of op amps has a Total Harmonic
Distortion plus Noise ratio of 0.00064% with 600Ω load at
a gain of +1V/V. This device is ideal for single-supply audio
applications.
2
MCP6541
–
Microchip’s family of operational amplifiers are suitable for
low power, precision and general purpose applications.
The MCP627X, MCP628X and MCP629X families are
also targeted for low-cost precision applications. These
devices are characterized with a Extended Temperature
range of -40°C to +125°C, which are ideal for automotive
applications.
+
VDD
RF
R3
The MCP6541/2/3/4 and MCP6561/2/4 families of
comparators have a push-pull output that interfaces with
CMOS/TTL logic. The output limits supply current surges and
dynamic power consumption while switching.
The MCP6546/7/8/9 and MCP6566/7/9 families of
comparators have an open-drain output that can be used as
a voltage level shifter.
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs)
Microchip’s industry first precision Programmable
Gain Amplifiers (PGAs), the MCP6S21/2/6/8 and
MCP6S91/2/3 come with Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
and up to eight multiplexed input channels. These PGAs are
configured in a non-inverting configuration with gains of 1, 2,
4, 5, 8, 10, 16 or 32V/V that can be digitally selected using
a microcontroller. The input channels are also selected using
the digital interface. These devices come with an internal
register that allow the user to select gains, channels and
shutdown the device.
These amplifiers were designed with the embedded control
system in mind. The typical complexity of multiple sensor
systems is reduced to one amplifier that the microcontroller
can control. This reduces the demand on the microcontroller
I/O and allows control over the level gain. One superior
amplifier can be used to perform the functions of multiple
amplifiers at a lower cost.
Programmable Gain Amplifiers Key Features
■Multiplexed Inputs:
– MCP6S21/2/6/8: 1, 2, 6 or 8 channels
– MCP6S91/2/3: 1 or 2 channels
■8 gain selections: +1, +2, +4, +5, +8, +10, +16 or
+32V/V
■Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI)
■Rail-to-Rail Input and Output
■Low Gain Error: ±1% (max.)
■Low Offset (MCP6S21/2/6/8): ±275 μV (max.)
■High Bandwidth: 2 to 12 MHz (typ.)
■Low Noise: 10 nV/√Hz at 10 kHz (typ.)
■Low Supply Current: 1.0 mA (typ.)
■Single Supply: 2.5V to 5.5V
Programmable Gain Amplifiers Applications
■A/D Converter Driver
■Multiplexed Analog Applications
■Data Acquisition
■Industrial Instrumentation
■Test Equipment
■Medical Instrumentation
MCP6S28 Circuit
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
PIC®
Microcontroller
0.1
3
-0.5
3
0.0
SPI
S
Lo
ogic
Logic
-0.1
Sensorr 8
-0.2
ADC
PGA
-0.3
VOUT
MUX
18%
Samples
16% 420
G>
- +2?
14%
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
-0.4
Sensorr 1
Percentage of Occurrences
Anti-Aliasing
Filter
MCP6S28
MC
DC Gain Error (%)
Product Specifications: Programmable Gain Amplifiers
Device
MCP6S21
Switching
Channels
-3 dB
Bandwidth
(MHz)
Gain Steps
(V/V)
Supply
Current
(mA Typ.)
Supply
Voltage
(V)
VOS
(±μV)
Max.
Noise
(nV/Hz
Typ.)
1
2 to 12
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 32
1.0
2.5 to 5.5
275
10
Packages
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
MCP6S22
2
2 to 12
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 32
1.0
2.5 to 5.5
275
10
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
MCP6S26
6
2 to 12
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 32
1.0
2.5 to 5.5
275
10
PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP
MCP6S28
8
2 to 12
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 32
1.0
2.5 to 5.5
275
10
PDIP, SOIC
MCP6S91
1
1 to 18
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 32
1.0
2.5 to 5.5
4,000
10
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
MCP6S92
2
1 to 18
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 32
1.0
2.5 to 5.5
4,000
10
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
MCP6S93
2
1 to 18
1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 32
1.0
2.5 to 5.5
4,000
10
MSOP
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
3
High Bandwidth Op Amps for Precision Applications
Microchip offers a variety of amplifiers for wide bandwidth,
precision applications. The MCP602X family of op amps
has a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) plus Noise ratio of
0.00064% with 600Ω load at a gain of +1V/V. This device is
ideal for single-supply audio applications. If more bandwidth
is needed, the MCP62X and MCP65X families of operational
amplifiers offer 20 MHz and 50 MHz of gain bandwidth
respectively. These two families also offer mCal Technology,
an on-board calibration circuit that enables low offset and
minimizes drift over time and temperature.
The MCP63X and MCP66X families are targeted for lower
cost applications that demand higher bandwidth. All of these
amplifiers are characterized over the Extended Temperature
range of -40°C to +125°C.
MCP602X Operational Amplifier Key Features
■Rail-to-Rail Input/Output
■Gain Bandwidth Product: 10 MHz (typ.)
■Low Noise: 8.7 nV/Hz (typ.), at 10 kHz
■Low Offset Voltage:
– Industrial Temperature: ±500 μV (max.)
– Extended Temperature: ±250 μV (max.)
■Mid-Supply Reference Voltage (VREF)
■Low Supply Current: 1 mA (typ.)
■Total Harmonic Distortion: 0.00053% (typ. G = 1)
■Power Supply Range: 2.5V to 5.5V
■Temperature Range:
– Industrial: -40°C to +85°C
– Extended: -40°C to +125°C
Microchip provides an active filter design software known
as FilterLab® free of charge. This software simplifies the
high-pass, low-pass and band-pass filter design procedures.
The Butterworth, Bessel and Chebychev filters can
be implemented in Sallen Key and Multiple Feedback
configurations using this software.
Operational Amplifiers Applications
■Automotive
■Driving A/D Converters
■Multi-Pole Active Filters
■Barcode Scanners
■Audio Processing
■Communications
■DAC Buffer
■Test Equipment
■Medical Instrumentation
■Portable Equipment
■Photodiode Pre-amps
■Analog Filters
■Notebooks and PDAs
■Battery-powered Systems
Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise Ratio vs. Output
Embedded System
MCP6021
1.0000%
f = 1 kHz
BWMEAS = 22 kHz
0.1000% VDD = 5.0V
Anti-Aliasing
Filter
Sensor
ADC
PIC®
Microcontroller
THD+N (%)
Amplifier
Analog Solution
MCP6021
MCP62X
MCP65X
0.0100%
G = +100 V/V
0.0010%
G = +10 V/V
G = +1 V/V
0.0001%
0.1
1
Output Voltage (Vp-p)
10
Product Specifications: Operational Amplifiers
Op Amp
Bandwidth
(MHz Typ.)
Slew Rate
(V/μs Typ.)
Current
(mA Typ.)
Supply
Voltage
(V)
Offset
Voltage
(± μV max.)
Temp.
Range
(C°)
MCP602X
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
10
7
1
2.5 to 5.5
500
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP,
TSSOP, SOT
MCP62X
Single, Dual w/mCal Technology
20
10
2.5
2.5 to 5.5
200
-40 to +125
DFN, SOIC, MSOP
MCP63X
Single, Dual w/Chip Select
24
10
2.5
2.5 to 5.5
8000
-40 to +125
DFN, SOIC, MSOP
MCP65X
Single, Dual w/mCal Technology
50
30
6
2.5 to 5.5
200
-40 to +125
DFN, SOIC, MSOP
MCP66X
Single, Dual w/Chip Select
60
30
6
2.5 to 5.5
8000
-40 to +125
DFN, SOIC, MSOP
MCP629X
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
10
7
1
2.4 to 6.0
3000
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP,
TSSOP, SOT
Device
4
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
Packages
Low-cost General Purpose Op Amps
Microchip offers a number of low-cost op amps that are
suitable for general purpose applications such as signal
amplification, sensor buffer or driving an analog-to-digital
converter. These op amps provide competitive bandwidth per
given quiescent current. For example, MCP600X devices
have a high phase margin which makes them ideal for
capacitive load applications. The low supply voltage, low
quiescent current and wide bandwidth makes the MCP600X
family ideal for battery-powered applications.
This device is offered in a SOT-23-5 package with three
different pin outs. It’s also available in a SC-70-5 package
which is 50% smaller then SOT-23-5 package.
MCP600X Key Features
■Gain Bandwidth Product: 1 MHz (typ.)
■ Rail-to-Rail Input/Output
■ Supply Voltage: 1.8V to 6.0V
■Supply Current: IQ = 100 μA (typ.)
■Phase Margin: 90° (typ.)
■Temperature Range:
– Industrial: -40°C to +85°C
– Extended: -40°C to +125°C
■Available in Single, Dual and Quad
■Available in SOT-23-5 and SC-70-5 packages
MCP600X Applications
■ Automotive
■Portable Equipment
■Photodiode Pre-amps
■Analog Filters
■Notebooks and PDAs
■Battery-powered Systems
MCP6001 Capacitive Load
Unity Loop-Gain Frequency
(MHz)
VDD
+
VIN
VOUT
MCP6001
–
VSS
R1
Gain = 1 +
R2
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
G = +1V/V
0.4
VDD = 5.0V
0.2 RL = 100 k:
0.0
10p
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Phase Margin
Frequency
100p
Phase Margin (C°)
Non-Inverting Amplifier
1n
Load Capacitive (F)
R1
R2
VREF
Product Specifications: Operational Amplifiers
Op Amp
Bandwidth
(kHz Typ.)
Slew Rate
(V/μs Typ.)
Current
(μA Typ.)
Supply
Voltage
(V)
Offset
Voltage
(±mV max.)
Temp.
Range
(C°)
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
2800
2.3
230
2.7 to 6.0
2
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP
SOT-23-5
MCP600X
Single, Dual, Quad
1000
0.6
100
1.8 to 6.0
4.5
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP,
SC-70-5, SOT-23-5,
MCP627X
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
2000
0.9
170
2.0 to 6.0
3
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP,
SOT-23-5
MCP624X
Single, Dual, Quad
550
0.3
50
1.8 to 6.0
5
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, SC-70-5,
SOT-23-5
MCP628X
Single, Dual, Single w/Chip
Select, Quad
5000
2.5
450
2.2 to 6.0
3
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP,
TSSOP, SOT
Device
MCP601/2/3/4
Packages
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
5
Low Power Op Amps
Microchip’s MCP603X, MCP604X and MCP614X rail-torail input and output op amps draw a maximum of 1 μA
quiescent current. These devices provide 10 kHz, 14 kHz
and 100 kHz Gain Bandwidth Product, respectively and are
ideal for battery powered applications such as battery current
sensing and wearable devices.
They provide wider bandwidth (300 kHz and 550 kHz) than
the other op amps in this category. They work well in low low
power applications that cannot compromise on bandwidth.
MCP604X and MCP614X Key Features
■ Low Quiescent Current: 600 nA Amplifier (typ.)
■Rail-to-Rail Input: -0.3V to VDD +0.3V (max.)
■Rail-to-Rail Output: VSS +10 mV to VDD -10 mV (max.)
■Gain Bandwidth Product: 14 kHz (typ.), MCP6041
Gain Bandwidth Product: 100 kHz (typ.),
MCP6141 (G 10)
■Wide Supply Voltage Range: 1.4V to 6.0V (max.)
■Available in Single, Dual and Quad
■Chip Select (CS) with MCP6043 and MCP6143
■SOT-23-5 package
The MCP605X, MCP606X and MCP607X op amps feature
quiescent currents ranging from 30 to 110 μA, offset
voltages of just 150 μV, and a Gain Bandwidth Product
(GBWP) ranging from 385 kHz to 1.2 MHz. The devices are
well suited for applications requiring low power consumption,
low-voltage operation and high precision, such as those in
the industrial, medical, consumer and other markets.
The MCP606 and MCP61X devices also draw very low
current and provide wide bandwidth. These op amps are
targeted for low power, precision applications with very low
offset voltage.
MCP604X and MCP614X Applications
■ Booth Tags
■Wearable Products
■Temperature Measurement
■Battery-powered Systems
The MCP623X and MCP624X families are rail-to-rail input
and output op amps that provide high performance while
drawing only 20 μA and 50 μA quiescent current, respectively.
Current Sensor
MCP6041
0.7
Quiescent Current
Per Amplifier (μA)
VDD = 1.4V
IQ = 600 nA (typ.)
+
I
MCP6041
RX
R2
–
TA = 85°C
0.6
0.5
TA = 25°C
0.4
TA = -40°C
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
Power Supply Voltage (V)
R1
Product Specifications: Operational Amplifiers
Op Amp
Bandwidth
(kHz Typ.)
Slew Rate
(V/ms Typ.)
Current
(μA Typ.)
Supply
Voltage
(V)
Offset
Voltage
(±μV max.)
Temp.
Range
(C°)
MCP605X
Single, Dual, Quad
380
15
30
1.8 - 6.0
150
-40 to +125
SOIC, TDFN, TSSOP
MCP606X
Single, Dual, Quad
730
25
60
1.8 - 6.0
150
-40 to +125
SOIC, TDFN, TSSOP
MCP607X
Single, Dual, Quad
1200
50
110
1.8 - 6.0
150
-40 to +125
SOIC, TDFN, TSSOP
MCP606/
7/8/9
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
155
80
19
2.5 to 6.0
250
-40 to +85
PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP SOT-23-5
190
80
19
2.3 to 5.5
150
-40 to +85
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
14
3
0.6
1.4 to 6.0
3000
-40 to +85
100
24
0.6
1.4 to 6.0
3000
-40 to +85
Device
MCP61X
MCP604X
MCP614X
MCP623X
Single, Dual, Quad
300
150
20
1.8 to 5.5
5000
-40 to +125
MCP624X
Single, Dual, Quad
550
300
50
1.8 to 5.5
5000
-40 to +125
MCP603X
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
10
4
0.9
1.8 to 5.5
150
-40 to +125
6
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
Packages
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP, TSSOP,
SOT-23-5
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP, TSSOP,
SOT-23-5
PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP, SOT-23-5,
SC-70-5
PDIP, SOIC, TSSOP, SOT-23-5,
SC-70-5
DFN, SOIC, MSOP, SOT23
Cascaded Op Amps
Microchip has three new and innovative cascaded dual op
amp families: MCP6275 (2 MHz), MCP6285 (5 MHz) and
MCP6295 (10 MHz).
Pinout Configuration
MCP62X5 Key Features
■ Chip Select (CS) Pin for Both Amplifiers
■ Small 8-pin Packages (PDIP-8, SOIC-8, MSOP-8)
■ Pinout Similar to the Industry Standard for Duals
CS
(5)
VINA+
(3)
The two op amps are connected so that they will support
many application circuits.
(2)
VINA–
The output of op amp A is connected internally to the noninverting input of op amp B (see Pinout Configuration).
Combining these into one pin (VOUTA/VINB+ = pin # 1) makes
it possible to add a CS input (pin # 5) to an 8-pin package.
Both op amps function as normal op amps.
+
+
–
–
(1)
VOUTA/VINB+
The CS input helps conserve power in many popular dual
op amp applications. This pinout makes it relatively easy to
modify many existing designs for these parts.
MCP62X5 Applications
The most common application circuit supported by these
parts is cascaded amplifiers (see Cascaded Amplifiers).
These parts allow for easy layout in this common application.
Usually, most of the gain is produced by the first stage.
VDD
(8)
(6)
VINB–
VOUTB
(7)
(4)
VSS
Cascaded Amplifiers
VIN
There are several interesting variations of the circuit in
the Cascaded Amplifiers illustration that are supported by
these parts. For instance, the input op amp (op amp A)
can be configured as an inverting amplifier, as an inverting
(Miller) integrator, or as a difference amplifier. The output
amplifier can be set up as a unity gain buffer to isolate the
load from op amp A. This results in an overall performance
improvement when driving heavy loads (e.g., 1 kΩ).
+
+
–
–
VOUT
R2
R1
R3
Product Specifications: Cascaded Dual Operational Amplifiers
Op Amp
Bandwidth
(MHz Typ.)
Slew Rate
(V/μs Typ.)
Current
(mA Typ.)
Supply
Voltage
(V)
Offset
Voltage
(±mV max.)
Temp.
Range
(C°)
MCP6275
Dual
2
0.9
0.17
2.0 to 5.5
3
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
MCP6285
Dual
5
2.5
0.45
2.2 to 5.5
3
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
MCP6295
Dual
10
7
1
2.4 to 5.5
3
-40 to +125
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP
Device
Packages
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
7
Low Power, Low Voltage Comparators in SOT-23-5 Packages
Microchip’s families of both push-pull and open-drain
comparators, the MCP654X and the MCP656X, are
designed for low power, single supply applications. The
MCP654X family fully operates with a supply voltage as low
as 1.6V, while drawing 600 nA of current. The MCP656X
family operates down to 1.8V and draws only 100 uA of
current with a 47 ns propagation delay.
MCP654X Key Features
■ Low Quiescent Current: 600 nA/Comparator (typ.)
■Rail-to-Rail Input: VSS -0.3V to VDD +0.3V
■CMOS/TTL-Compatible Output
■Push-pull and Open-drain Output
■Propagation Delay: 4 μs (typ.)
■Wide Supply Voltage Range: 1.6V to 5.5V
■Available in Single, Dual and Quad
■Chip Select (CS) with MCP6543 and MCP6548
■Low Switching Current
■Internal Hysteresis: 3.3 mV (typ.)
MCP654X and MCP656X Applications
■ Laptop Computers
■Mobile Phones
■Metering Systems
■Hand-held Electronics
■RC Timers
■Alarm and Monitoring Circuits
■Windowed Comparators
■Multi-vibrators
0.7
Low Power Sensor Solution
Amplifier
Quiescent Current
(µA/Comparator)
MCP6041
MCP6541
nanoWatt
PIC®
Microcontroller
Comparator
TA = 85°C
0.6
TA = +25°C
0.5
TA = -40°C
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
MCP6541
0.0
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
Power Supply Voltage (V)
45%
Percentage of Occurrences
nA
40%
35%
600 Samples
100 mV Overdrive
VCM = VDD/2
MCP6541
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
VDD = 5.5V
VDD = 1.6V
5%
0%
0.0. 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.0
High-to-Low Propagation Delay (µS)
Product Specifications: Comparators
Comparator
Current
(μA Typ.)
Supply
Voltage
(V)
Offset
Voltage
(±mV max.)
Temperature
Range
(°C)
Output
MCP6541/2/3/4
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
0.6
1.6 to 5.5
7
-40 to +125
Push-Pull
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP, TSSOP,
SOT-23-5, SC-70-5
MCP6546/7/8/9
Single, Dual,
Single w/Chip Select, Quad
0.6
1.6 to 5.5
7
-40 to +125
Open-Drain
PDIP, SOIC, MSOP, TSSOP,
SOT-23-5, SC-70-5
MCP6561/2/4
Single, Dual, Quad
100
1.8 to 5.5
10
-40 to +125
Push-Pull
SOIC, MSOP, TSSOP,
SOT-23-5, SC-70-5
MCP6566/7/9
Single, Dual, Quad
100
1.8 to 5.5
10
-40 to +125
Open-Drain
SOIC, MSOP, TSSOP,
SOT-23-5, SC-70-5
Device
8
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
Package
FilterLab® 2.0 Active Filter Software Design Tool
FilterLab® 2.0 is an innovative software tool that simplifies active (op amp) filter design. Available at no cost from
Microchip’s web site (www.microchip.com), the FilterLab 2.0
active filter software design tool provides full schematic
diagrams of the filter circuit with component values and
displays the frequency response.
FilterLab®2.0 Active Filter Software
FilterLab 2.0 allows the design of low-pass filters up to
an 8th order filter with Chebychev, Bessel or Butterworth
responses from frequencies of 0.1 Hz to 10 MHz.
FilterLab 2.0 also can be used to design band-pass and
high-pass filters with Chebychev and Butterworth responses.
The circuit topologies supported by FilterLab 2.0 are the
Sallen Key and Multiple Feedback (MFB). The low-pass
filters can use either the Sallen Key or MFB, the band-pass
is available with the MFB and the high-pass uses the Sallen
Key.
Users can select a flat passband or sharp transition from
passband to stopband. Options, such as minimum ripple
factor, sharp transition and linear phase delay are available.
Once the filter response has been identified, FilterLab 2.0
generates the frequency response and the circuit. For
maximum design flexibility, changes in capacitor values
can be implemented to fit the demands of the application.
FilterLab 2.0 will recalculate all values to meet the desired
response, allowing real-world values to be substituted or
changed as part of the design process.
FilterLab also generates a SPICE model of the designed filter.
Extraction of this model will allow time domain analysis in
SPICE simulations, streaming the design process.
Further consideration is given to designs used in conjunction
with an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). A suggested filter
can be generated by simply inputting the bit resolution and
sample rate via the Anti-Aliasing Wizard. This eliminates
erroneous signals folded back into the digital data due to the
aliasing effect.
FilterLab 2.0 Key Features
■ A Variety of Active Filter Types
– Low-pass, Band-pass or High-pass
– Bessel, Butterworth or Chebyshev
– Sallen Key and Multiple Feedback Topologies
■ A Wide Range of Selectable Parameters
– Gain: 1 and 10 V/V
– Order: 1 to 8
– Passband Ripple: 0.01 dB to 3.0 dB
– Stopband Attenuation: 10 dB to 100 dB
– Cut-off Frequency: 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz
– Stop-band Frequency: 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz
– Bandpass Q: 0.5 to 5.0
– Bandpass Fractional Bandwidth: 20% to 200%
FilterLab 2.0 Key Features (Continued)
■ Easy-to-Use Design Windows for Filter
– Frequency Response
– Circuit Diagram
– SPICE Listing
■ Design Aids
– Toolbar
– Filter Design Wizard
– Filter Selection Wizard
– Anti-Aliasing Wizard (for ADCs)
■ Component Value Generation
– Automatic Calculation of Components
– Either Exact or 1% Resistor Values
– Can Manually Input Capacitors
■ User’s Guide (Help Menu)
– How to Use Chapters
– Technical Background Appendices (SPICE Interface,
Filter Templates, Group Delay, Bessel Filter Response,
Op Amp Selection and Selected References)
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
9
Related Support Material
AN248: Interfacing MCP6S2X PGAs to PIC® Microcontroller
The MCP6S21/2/6/8 family of one, two, six or eight channel
Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs) communicate using
a standard 3-wire Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) protocol.
This application note shows how to program the six channel
MCP6S26 PGA gains, channels and shutdown registers using
the PIC16C505 microcontroller.
AN867: Designing Operational Amplifier Oscillator Circuits
for Sensor Applications
Operational amplifier (op amp) oscillators can be used
to accurately measure resistive and capacitive sensors.
Oscillator design can be simplified by using the procedure
discussed in this application note. The derivation of the
design equations provides a method to select the passive
components and determine the influence of each component
on the frequency of oscillation. The procedure will be
demonstrated by analyzing two state-variable RC op amp
oscillator circuits.
AN251: Bridge-Sensing with the MCP6S2X PGAs
Resistive sensors configured as Wheatstone bridges are
primarily used to sense pressure, temperature or loads. An
external A/D converter (ADC) and a digitally Programmable
Gain Amplifier (PGA) can easily be used to convert the
difference in voltage from these resistor bridge sensors to
usable digital words for manipulation by the microcontroller.
AN866: Temperature Sensing with a Programmable
Gain Amplifier
Although it is simple to measure temperature in a standalone system without the help of Microchip’s Programmable
Gain Amplifiers, a variety of problems can be eliminated by
implementing temperature sensing capability in multiplexed
applications with a PGA.
AN865: Sensing Light with a Programmable Gain Amplifier
Photo sensors bridge the gap between light and electronics.
Microchip’s Programmable Gain Amplifiers (PGAs) are not
well suited for precision applications (such as CT scanners),
but they can be effectively used in position photo sensing
applications minus the headaches of amplifier stability.
Technical Briefs
Application Notes
The following literature is available on the Microchip web site:
www.microchip.com.
TB023: Serialized Quick Turn ProgrammingSM (SQTPSM)
TB065: Linear Circuit Devices for Applications in
Battery Powered Wireless Systems
Design Tools
SPICE Macro Model
FilterLab® Analog Filtering Design Software
Mindi™ Active Filter Designer
Stand-Alone Analog and Interface Products
Thermal
Management
Power
Management
Linear
Temperature
Sensors
LDO & Switching
Regulators
Fan Speed
Controllers/
Fan Fault
Detectors
Charge Pump
DC/DC Converters
Programmable
Gain
Amplifiers
Digital
Potentiometers
Power MOSFET
Drivers
Comparators
D/A Converters
PWM Controllers
System Supervisors
Voltage Detectors
Voltage References
Li-Ion/Li-Polymer
Battery Chargers
Op Amps
Mixed-Signal
Safety & Security
Photoelectric
Smoke Detectors
A/D Converter
Families
V/F and F/V
Converters
Energy
Measurement
ICs
Ionization Smoke
Detectors
Ionization Smoke
Detector Front End
Piezoelectric
Horn Drivers
10
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
Interface
CAN Peripherals
Infrared
Peripherals
LIN Transceivers
Serial Peripherals
Ethernet Controllers
Recommended Development Tools
Linear Products
Humidity Sensor PICtail™ Demonstration Board
Part Number: PIC16F690DM-PCTLHS
This board supports the capacitive
humidity sensor application note
AN1016. It measures the capacitance of
a relative humidity sensor plugged into
the board. The on-board microcontroller
sends the measured and calculated
relative humidity (RH) to a PC for display. The board can also
measure small capacitors in different ranges of values using
a dual slope integration method. The board can be modified,
if desired, to achieve better measurement resolution.
Active Filter Demonstration Board Kit
Part Number: MCP6271DM-FLTR
This kit supports all of Microchip’s
single op amps that operate on single
supply of VDD = 5.5V and under
(MCP601, MCP606, …, MCP6291).
Board modifications may be required
for the rest of Microchip’s single op
amps. This kit supports active filters
designed by FilterLab®V2.0. These
filters are all pole and are built by cascading first and second
order sections. The Active Filter Demo Board Kit is comprised
of three sub-assemblies:
VDD/2 Filter Section – One PCB designed to provide mid-supply
biasing to the other Printed Circuit Boards (PCB); it provides
test points for connecting a lab power supply and a lab signal
generator.
Active Filter Sections – Four PCBs that support active filter
designs with filter order between n = 1 and 8; each board
supports a first or second order filter section, and provides an
output test point for lab equipment.
Accessory Bag – Contains op amps and zero ohm jumpers that
can be used to help build filters; it also contains resistors and
capacitors needed to build a 5th order, Bessel low-pass filter.
MCP6S22 PGA PICtail™ Demonstration Board
Part Number: MCP6S22DM-PICTL
This board evaluates/demonstrates
Microchip’s MCP6S21/2/6/8
Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) family.
Interface this board with the PICkit™ 1
Flash Starter Kit to demonstrate firmware
integration between the PIC® microcontroller and PGA
devices, while allowing modification and development of
firmware for specific requirements.
MCP6S2X PGA Evaluation Board
Part Number: MCP6S2XEV
Provides a versatile selection of input
channels and gains to evaluate device
performance. Board supports multiple
input signal sources. Two devices can be
cascaded to produce gain to 1024 V/V.
MCP6SX2 PGA Photodiode PICtail™
Demonstration Board
Part Number: MCP6SX2DM-PCTLPD
Opens possibilities to process other sensor
signals. Increases the number of PIC®
microcontroller I/O pins available for other
purposes. Features a PNZ334 photo-diode,
MCP6001U op amp, and MCP6S22 and
MCP6S92 Programmable Gain Amplifiers
(PGA).
MCP6SX2 PGA Thermistor PICtail™
Demonstration Board
Part Number: MCP6SX2DM-PCTLTH
Features MCP6S22 and MCP6S92 PGAs.
Helps overcome non-linear response
of the on-board NTC thermistor. Opens
possibilities of temperature-correcting
another sensor, and increasing the
number of PIC® microcontroller I/O pins available for other
purposes.
MCP6V01 Thermocouple Auto-Zero Reference Design
Part Number: MCP6V01RD-TCPL
The MCP6V01 Thermocouple Auto-Zeroed
Reference Design demonstrates how
to use a difference amplifier system to
measure electromotive force (EMF) voltage
at the cold junction of thermocouple in
order to accurately measure temperature at the hot junction.
This can be done by using the MCP6V01 auto-zeroed op amp
because of its ultra low offset voltage (VOS) and high common
mode rejection ratio (CMRR).
MCP651 Input Offset Evaluation Board
Part Number: MCP651EV-VOS
The MCP651 Input Offset Evaluation
Board is intended to provide a simple
means to measure the MCP651 Input
Offset Evaluation Board op amp’s input
offset voltage under a variety of operating
conditions. The measured input offset voltage (VOST) includes
the input offset voltage specified in the data sheet (VOS) plus
changes due to: power supply voltage (PSRR), common mode
voltage (CMRR), output voltage (AOL), input offset voltage
drift over temperature (ΔVOS/ΔTA) and 1/f noise.
MCP6V01 Input Offset Demo Board
Part Number: MCP6V01DM-VOS
The MCP6V01 Input Offset Demo Board
is intended to provide a simple means to
measure the MCP6V01/2/3 op amps input
offset voltage (VOS) under a variety of bias
conditions. This VOS includes the specified
input offset voltage value found in the data
sheet plus changes due to power supply voltage (PSRR),
common mode voltage (CMRR), output voltage (AOL) and
temperature (IVOS/ITA).
Programmable Gain Amplifiers, Operational Amplifiers and Comparators Design Guide
11
Support
Training
Microchip is committed to supporting its customers
in developing products faster and more efficiently. We
maintain a worldwide network of field applications
engineers and technical support ready to provide product
and system assistance. In addition, the following service
areas are available at www.microchip.com:
■ Support link provides a way to get questions
answered fast: http://support.microchip.com
■ Sample link offers evaluation samples of any
Microchip device: http://sample.microchip.com
■ Forum link provides access to knowledge base and
peer help: http://forum.microchip.com
■ Buy link provides locations of Microchip Sales Channel
Partners: www.microchip.com/sales
If additional training interests you, then Microchip can
help. We continue to expand our technical training options,
offering a growing list of courses and in-depth curriculum
locally, as well as significant online resources – whenever
you want to use them.
■ Regional Training Centers: www.microchip.com/rtc
■ MASTERs Conferences: www.microchip.com/masters
■ Worldwide Seminars: www.microchip.com/seminars
■ eLearning: www.microchip.com/webseminars
■ Resources from our Distribution and Third Party Partners
www.microchip.com/training
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7/21/09
Information subject to change. The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo and PIC are registered trademarks of Microchip
Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. FilterLab is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology
Incorporated in the U.S.A. Serialized Quick Turn Programming (SQTP) is a service mark of Microchip Technology Inc. FanSense
and Select Mode are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. All other trademarks
mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. ©2009 Microchip Technology Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Printed in the USA. 11/09
DS21861E
*DS21861E*
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