APPLICATION NOTE
LV5068V
Low power consumption and high efficiency
Step-down switching regulator controller
Introduction
This document presents the information on IC, application, schematic, pattern layout, Bill of
Materials and Evaluation Board.
Table of contents
1. Overview
2. Features
3. Typical applications
4. Pin assignment
5. Package dimensions and mounting pad sketch
6. Block diagram
7. Specifications
Absolute maximum ratings
Recommended operating conditions
Electrical characteristics
Characterization curves
8. Pin function
9. Operation explanation
9.1 Power-saving feature
9.2 Output voltage setting
9.3 Switching frequency Setting
9.4 Soft start function
9.5 Over current protection setting
9.6 Hiccup setting
9.7 Power good function
9.8 External synchronous frequency
9.9 Leading edge blanking time
10. Evaluation board manual
11. Selection of main parts
11.1 Choke coil
11.2 Output capacitor
11.3 Input capacitor
11.4 External phase compensation components
2
2
2
2
3
3
4
7
11
13
19
1 / 21
LV5068V
1. Overview
LV5068V is 1ch step-down switching regulator. The operation current is about 80uA, and low power
consumption is achieved.
2. Features
1ch diode rectifying controller
Maximum value of light load mode current is 80uA
Built-in OCP circuit with P-by-P method
When P-by-P is generated continuously, it shifts to the HICCUP operation.
If connect C-HICCUP to GND pin, then latch-off when over current.
The oscillatory frequency can be set by the external pin.
The oscillatory frequency is 300kHz to 2.2MHz
・ Built-in UVLO, TSD
・ Synchronous operation by external signal
・
・
・
・
・
・
Application Circuit Example
EN
VIN
VIN
100
90
PG
80
FB
PDR
REF
ILIM
COMP
LV5068V
SS
Efficiency [%]
VFB
Efficiency
RSNS
HDRV
C-HICCUP
VOUT
RT
SYNC
70
60
VIN=24V
50
VIN=12V
40
30
Vout=5V
L=10uH
Fsw=330kHz
20
10
GND
+
VFB
0
0.1
1
10
Iout [mA]
100
1000
10000
3. Typical applications
・ Printers
・ Set-Top Boxes, DVD Drives and HDD
・ LCD Monitors and TVs
4. Pin assignment
Top View
2 / 21
LV5068V
5. Package dimensions and mounting pad sketch
SSOP16(225mil)
Reference symbol
eE
e
b3
l1
(Unit:mm)
SSOP16(225mil)
5.80
0.65
0.32
1.00
Caution: The package dimension is a reference value,
which is not a guaranteed value.
6. Block diagram
3 / 21
LV5068V
7. Specifications
Absolute maximum ratings at Ta=25C
Parameter
Input Voltage
Symbol
Conditions
VIN max
PDR, HDRV, RSNS
ILIM, EN, PG
VIN-PDR
Allowable Pin Voltage
REF
SS, FB, COMP, RT
C-HICCUP, SYNC
Allowable Power Dissipation
Pd max
Specified substrate *1
Operating Temperature
Topr
Storage Temperature
Tstg
*1 specified substrate 114.3mm 76.1mm 1.6mm glass-epoxy
Ratings
Unit
V
45
VIN
V
6
6
V
V
REF
V
0.74
-40 to +85
-55 to +150
W
C
C
Recommended operating conditions at Ta=25C
Parameter
Input Voltage Range
Symbol
Conditions
Ratings
4.5 to 40
VIN
Unit
V
Electrical characteristics at Ta=25C, VIN=15V
Parameter
[Reference Voltage]
Internal Reference Voltage
Pch Drive Voltage
Vref
VPDR
IOUT=0 to -5mA
[Saw Wave Oscillator]
Oscillatory Frequency
FOSC
RT=470k
[ON/OFF Circuit]
IC Startup Voltage
Disable Voltage
Vcnt_on
Vcnt_off
[Soft Start Circuit]
Soft Start Source Current
Soft Start Sink Current
ISS_SC
ISS_SK
EN>1.5V
EN<0.3V
SS=4V
1.3
1
[UVLO Circuit]
UVLO unlocking voltage
UVLO Lock Voltage
VUVLON
VUVLOF
FB=COMP
FB=COMP
[Error Amplifier]
Input Bias Current
Error amplifier gain
Output Sink Current
IEA IN
GEA
IEA_OSK
Output Source Current
IES_OSC
[Over Current Limit Circuit]
Reference current
Over current detection comparator
offset voltage
RSNS pin input range
ILIM1
VLIM_OFS
HICCUP Timer Startup Cycle
HICCUP Comparator Threshold
Voltage
HICCUP Timer Charge Current
[PWM Comparator]
Maximum On-Duty
Symbol
VRSNS
NLCYCLES
VtHIC
IHIC
DMAX
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
Max.
1.241
VCC5.5
1.26
VCC5.0
1.279
VCC4.5
280
330
380
kHz
VIN
0.3
V
V
2
1.6
2.7
2.2
A
mA
3.3
2.5
3.7
2.9
4.1
3.3
V
V
FB=1.75V
-100
100
-40
-50
250
-20
100
400
-10
nA
A/V
A
FB=0.75V
10
20
40
A
48.4
-5
55
61.6
+5
A
mV
VIN
V
cycle
V
1.5
0
VIN0.175
1.2
15
1.26
1.32
1
2
3
95
Units
V
V
A
%
4 / 21
LV5068V
Parameter
【Logic Output】
Power Good “L” Sink Current
Ipwrgd_L
PG=5V
4
Power Good “H” Leakage Current
Ipwrgd_H
PG=5V
0
Power GoodThreshold Voltage
Power Good Hysteresis
VtPG
VPG H
[Output]
Output On-Resistance (high)
Output On-Resistance (low)
Output On-current (high)
Output On-current (low)
RONH
RONL
IONH
IONL
[The entire device]
Standby current
Light Load Mode Consumption
Current
Thermal Shutdown
*2: Design certification
Symbol
ICCS
Isleep1
TSD
Conditions
Min.
Typ.
1.0
40
Max.
5
1.1
50
Units
6
mA
1
A
1.2
60
V
mV
mA
mA
3
3
500
500
EN 0.3V
EN 1.5V
No Switching
*2
0
30
55
1
80
A
A
150
170
190
C
Characterization curves VIN=15V, RT=470k
Reference Voltage
Light Load Mode Consumption Current
80
1.27
75
Tj=-40℃
70
Isleep1 [uA]
Vref [V]
1.265
1.26
1.255
65
Tj=25℃
60
Tj=85℃
55
50
1.25
45
40
1.245
-50
0
50
Tj [deg]
100
0
150
Frequency
10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
VIN [V]
Over current limit
60
400
58
380
56
ILIM1 [uA]
Fosc [kHz]
5
360
340
54
52
50
48
320
46
300
44
-50
0
50
Tj [deg]
100
150
-50
0
50
Tj [deg]
100
150
5 / 21
LV5068V
Iss_SC
2.4
2.3
Iss_SC [uA]
2.2
2.1
2
1.9
1.8
1.7
1.6
-50
0
50
Tj [deg]
100
150
Relationship between RSNS and pulse width
(Change of the pulse width when RSNS is changed at the upper limit at which COMP is operated)
Pulse width, Cycle [ns]
3500
Tj=-40℃
3000
2500
Tj=25℃
2000
Tj=85℃
1500
1000
500
0
150
160
170
180
190
RSNS[mV]
Efficiency vs load current Vout=5V
90
80
80
70
70
Efficiency [%]
90
Efficiency [%]
100
VIN=24V
50
VIN=12V
40
30
Vout=5V
L=10uH
Fsw=330kHz
20
10
0
0.1
1
10
Iout [mA]
100
1000
40
VIN=12V
30
Vout=3.3V
L=10uH
Fsw=330kHz
20
10
0
10000
0.1
Efficiency [%]
95
Efficiency [%]
95
90
VIN=24V
Vout=5V
L=10uH
Fsw=330kHz
75
70
0
500
1000
1500
Iout [mA]
2000
2500
1
10
Iout [mA]
100
1000
10000
Efficiency vs load current Vout=3.3V
100
VIN=12V
230
VIN=24V
50
100
80
220
60
Efficiency vs load current Vout=5V
85
210
Efficiency vs load current Vout=3.3V
100
60
200
3000
90
85
80
VIN=24V
VIN=12V
75
Vout=3.3V
L=10uH
Fsw=330kHz
70
0
500
1000
1500
Iout [mA]
2000
2500
3000
6 / 21
LV5068V
8. Pin function
Pin No.
Pin name
Pin Function
1
PG
Power good pin. Connect to open drain
of MOS-FET in ICs inside.
Setting output voltage to “L”, when FB
voltage is about 1.05V or less.
2
EN
ON/OFF pin.
Equivalent circuit
1k
VIN
4.8M
3
ILIM
For current detection. Sink current is
about 55uA. The current limiter
comparator works when an external
resistor is connected between this pin
and VIN, and if the voltage of this
resistor is less than the voltage of RSNS
then PchMOS is turned off. This
operation is reset each PWM pulse.
4
VIN
Power pin. Monitored by the UVLO
function. When this pin exceeds 3.7V,
the UVLO function causes IC to start,
entering the soft start mode.
5
RSNS
Current detection resistor connection
pin. Resistor is connected between VIN
and this pin, and the current flows to
MOSFET is measured.
VIN
5k
1k
VIN
VIN
5k
5k
7 / 21
LV5068V
Pin No.
6
Pin name
Pin Function
HDRV
The external high-side MOSFET gate
drive pin．
Equivalent circuit
VIN
130k
7
PDR
Gate drive voltage of the external
PchMOSFET. Meanwhile, the bypass
capacitor is connected between VIN and
this pin.
1.3M
VIN
1.5M
10k
10k
10
8
GND
Ground Pin. Ground pin voltage is
reference voltage.
9
SYNC
Pin used also as the external
synchronizing signal input pin.
Do not leave the pin floating.
VIN
VIN
1k
8 / 21
LV5068V
Pin No.
Pin name
Pin Function
10
RT
Oscillation frequency setting pin.
Resistor is connected between this pin
and GND.
Equivalent circuit
VIN
1k
11
C-HICCUP
It is capacitor connection pin for setting
re-startup cycle in HICCUP mode.
If connect it to GND pin, then latch-off
when over current.
VIN
1k
12
SS
Capacitor connection pin for soft start.
About 2uA current charges the soft start
capacitor.
VIN
1k
10k
1k
13
NC
14
COMP
NC pin.
Error Amplifier Output Pin.
The phase compensation network is
connected between GND pin and
COMP pin.Thanks to current-mode
control, COMP pin voltage would tell
you the output current amplitude.
COMP pin is connected internally to an
int. comparator which compares with
0.9V reference. If COMP pin voltage is
larger than 0.9V, IC operates in
“continuous mode”. If COMP pin
voltage is smaller than 0.9V, IC
operates in “discontinuous mode (low
consumption mode)”.
VIN
70k
1k
1k
9 / 21
LV5068V
Pin No.
Pin name
Pin Function
15
FB
Error amplifier reverse input pin. ICs
make its voltage keep 1.26V. Output
voltage is divided by external resistors,
and it across FB.
Equivalent circuit
VIN
10k
1k
1k
16
REF
Reference voltage.
VIN
10
10
51k
1M
450k
10 / 21
LV5068V
9. Operation explanation
9.1 Power-saving feature
This IC has power-saving feature to enhance efficiency at light load. By shutting down unnecessary circuits,
operating current of the IC is minimized and high efficiency is realized.
9.2 Output voltage setting
The output voltage is set by resistor R4 (Between VOUT and FB) and resistor R5 (Between FB and GND).
The output voltage is determined by the following expression (1).
R4
R4
VOUT = (1 + R5 ) VREF = (1 + R5 ) 1.26 [V] (1)
ex) The resistor that sets the output voltage to 5V are R4=470k and R5=160k.
470×103
VOUT = (1 + 160×103 ) 1.26 = 4.96 [V] (2)
9.4 Soft start setting
Soft start time (TSS) is set with the capacitor C7
(Between SS and GND). TSS is determined by the
following expression (3).
VREF
1.26
TSS = C7 I
= C7
[s]
(3)
2.0
10-6
SS
ex) Where C7=2200pF, TSS is 1.38ms.
1.26
TSS = 2200 10-12
= 1.386 [ms] (4)
2.0 10-6
Graph1. R7 vs FOSC
2500
2000
FOSC [kHz]
9.3 Switching frequency setting
The switching frequency (FOSC) is set by resistor R7
(Between RT and GND).
The relation of resistor R7 with FOSC is shown in
Graph 1. And please set FOSC taking the minimum
on-time =200ns into consideration.
ex) Where R7=470kΩ, FOSC is 330kHz.
1500
1000
500
0
10
100
R7 [kΩ]
1000
9.5 Overcurrent protection setting
When the RSNS pin exceeds the overcurrent limit value for 15 cycles of the oscillatory frequency, the
overcurrent protection detects the overcurrent state, and stops the IC. Overcurrent detection voltage
(VLIM) is determined by the resistor R2 (between VIN and ILIM) and the reference current (ILIM1).
The overcurrent detection voltage (VLIM) is determined by the following expression.
VLIM = R2 ILIM1 [V]
(5)
ex) Where R2=2.7kΩ, ILIM1=55uA, VILIM is 0.1485V.
VLIM = 2.7 103 55 10-6 = 0.1485 [V]
(6)
When the current sensing resistor R1 is 30mΩ, the value of the overcurrent is 4.95A.
You can select R1 from 20m to 100m according to the above-mentioned figure which shows the
relationship between RSNS and pulse width.
9.6 Hiccup Setting
The stop time of the overcurrent protection is determined by the capacitor (C8). IC restarts when the
C-HICCUP pin exceeds 1.26V.
C8 VtHIC C8 1.26
THIC =
=
[s]
(7)
IHIC
2.0 10-6
ex) Where C8=22000pF, THIC is 13.86msec.
THIC =
22000 10-12 1.26
= 13.86[ms]
2.0 10-6
(8)
9.7 Power good function
The Output voltage is observed with the voltage of the FB pin. The PG pin turns “Low” when the voltage of
FB pin is about 1.05V or less. Because the PG pin is open-drain, the PG pin can be Wired-OR.
11 / 21
LV5068V
Fig. Timing chart: Hiccup overcurrent protection / Power good function
9.8 External synchronous frequency
LV5068V performs the synchronous operation by inputting external signal in continuous current mode.
The synchronous frequency=FSYNC inputted to the SYNC pin shall be set higher than FOSC or lower than
twice the FOSC. If FSYNC is higher than twice the FOSC, the amplitude of internal slope becomes low and the
gain becomes high. So FSYNC is determined by the following expression.
FOSC < FSYNC < 2 FOSC
When synchronous operation is not used, make sure to connect the SYNC pin to GND.
SYNC
5V/div
SW
10V/div
1us/div
Fig. synchronous operation by external signal (SYNC input : 0V3.3V)
9.9 Leading edge blanking time
LV5068V has the leading edge blanking time whose design value is 120ns.
12 / 21
LV5068V
10. Evaluation board manual
Performance summary
Table 1. LV5068V_DemoBoard Performance Summary
Parameter
Conditions
Input Supply Voltage
Output Voltage
Current Limit Peak
Oscillatory Frequency
Rating
Min
4.36
Typ
24
5
4.95
330
Max
5.54
Unit
V
V
A
kHz
Output voltage setting
Table 2. LV5068V_DemoBoard Output Voltage Point Setting
Output Voltage [V]
R4 [kΩ]
3.3
270
5
470
R5 [kΩ]
160
160
Manipulation method
1. Connect the load between OUT and GND.
2. Connect the input power supply with VIN and GND.
3. The output becomes a set voltage.
13 / 21
LV5068V
Layout
4-layer printed circuit board
Top layer
Bottom layer
14 / 21
LV5068V
4-layer printed circuit board
2nd layer
3rd layer
15 / 21
LV5068V
Schematic
Bill of Materials
Table 5. LV5068V_DemoBoard Bill of Materials
Manufacturer Part
Designator
Value
Number
Tolerance
Quantity
U1
LV5068V
-
-
1
L1
R1
R2
R3
1217AS-H-100M
ERJ8BWFR030V
RK73B1JTTD272J
RK73B1JTTD105J
RK73Z1JTTD
RK73H1JTTD4703F
RK73H1JTTD1603F
RK73B1JTTD823J
RK73B1JTTD434J
RK73Z1JTTD
RK73B1JTTD104J
GRM32ER7YA106K
GRM188B31H104K
10uH / 4.3A
30mohms
2.7kohms
1Mohms
0ohms
470kohms
160kohms
82kohms
470kohms
0ohms
100kohms
10uF / 35V
0.1uF / 50V
10%
1%
5%
5%
1%
1%
5%
5%
5%
10%
10%
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
10ME220SWG
220uF / 10V
20%
1
C3
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
D1
GRM188B31E105K
GRM188B31E105K
GRM188B11H472K
GRM188B11H222K
GRM188B11E223K
MBRS540T3
1uF / 25V
1uF / 25V
4.7nF / 50V
2.2nF / 50V
22nF / 50V
-
10%
10%
10%
10%
10%
-
1
1
1
1
1
1
Q1
CPH6354
-
-
1
R4
R5
R6
R7
R8
R9
C1
C2
Manufacturer
SANYO
Semiconductor
TOKO INC
Panasonic
KOA
KOA
KOA
KOA
KOA
KOA
KOA
KOA
KOA
Murata
Murata
SUN Electronic
Industries
Murata
Murata
Murata
Murata
Murata
ON Semiconductor
SANYO
Semiconductor
16 / 21
LV5068V
Waveforms
Power saving feature
Iload=0.01A Switching waveform
Iload=0.01A output waveform
SW
10V/div
Vout
50mV/div
IL
1A/div
IL
1A/div
5us/div
5us/div
Iload=0.1A Switching waveform
Iload=0.1A output waveform
SW
10V/div
Vout
50mV/div
IL
1A/div
IL
1A/div
5us/div
5us/div
Iload=0.2A Switching waveform
Iload=0.2A output waveform
SW
10V/div
Vout
50mV/div
IL
1A/div
IL
1A/div
5us/div
Iload=1A Switching waveform
5us/div
Iload=1A output waveform
SW
10V/div
Vout
50mV/div
IL
1A/div
IL
1A/div
5us/div
5us/div
17 / 21
LV5068V
Load transient Iload=1A 3A (Slew rate=100us)
Overcurrent protection HICCUP
Vout
5V/div
Vout
0.1V/div
Vss
5V/div
Vhiccup
1V/div
Iout
2A/div
Iout
5A/div
1ms/div
10ms/div
Soft start
Shutdown
Ven
2V/div
Ven
2V/div
Vss
2V/div
Vss
2V/div
Vout
5V/div
Vout
5V/div
Vp.good
20V/div
Vp.good
20V/div
1ms/div
1ms/div
18 / 21
LV5068V
11. Selection of main parts
11.1 Choke coil
When conditions for input voltage, output voltage and ripple current are defined, the following equation (9)
gives inductance value.
Make sure to set ripple current (∆IR) to be lower than 20% of the output current.
L =
VIN-VOUT
Ton
∆IR
Ton =
1
{((VIN - VOUT) (VOUT + VF)) + 1} FOSC
FOSC
VF
VIN
VOUT
: Oscillatory Frequency
: Forward voltage of Schottky Barrier diode
: Input voltage
: Output voltage
(9)
・Inductor current: Peak value (IRP)
Current peak value (IRP) of the inductor is given by the equation (10).
VIN-VOUT
IRP = Iout +
Ton
(10)
2L
Make sure that rating current value of the inductor is higher than a peak value of ripple current.
・Inductor current: ripple current (∆IR)
Ripple current (∆IR) is given by the equation (11).
VIN-VOUT
Ton
(11)
ΔIR =
L
When load current (Iout) is less than 1/2 of the ripple current, inductor current flows discontinuously.
11.2 Output capacitor
Make sure to use a capacitor with high frequency impedance for switching power supply because a large
ripple current flows through output capacitor.
Effective value is given by the equation (12) because the ripple current (AC) that flows through output
capacitor is sawtooth wave.
VOUT (VIN - VOUT)
1
IC_OUT =
[Arms]
(12)
23
L FOSC VIN
11.3 Input capacitor
Ripple current flows through input capacitor which is higher than that of the output capacitors.
Therefore, caution is also required for allowable ripple current value.
The effective value of the ripple current which flows through input capacitor is given by the equation (13).
IC_IN = D (1 - D) IOUT [Arms]
(13)
TON VOUT
D= T = V
IN
In (13), D signifies the ratio between ON/OFF period. When the value is 0.5, the ripple current is at a
maximum. Make sure that the input capacitor does not exceed the allowable ripple current value given by
(13). With (13), if VIN=24V, VOUT=5V, IOUT=3.0A and FOSC=330 kHz, then IC_IN value is about
1.22Arms.
In the board wiring from input capacitor, VIN to GND, make sure that wiring is wide enough to keep
impedance low because of the current fluctuation. Make sure to connect input capacitor near output
capacitor to lower voltage bound due to regeneration current. When change of load current is excessive
(IOUT: high low), the power of output electric capacitor is regenerated to input capacitor. If input
capacitor is small, input voltage increases. Therefore, you need to implement a large input capacitor.
Regeneration power changes according to the change of output voltage, inductance of a coil and load
current.
19 / 21
LV5068V
11.4 External phase compensation components
This IC adopts the power saving feature which requires electronic capacitor with low ESR and solid polymer
capacitor (e.g. OS capacitor), which are used as output capacitors for phase compensation.
The frequency characteristic of this IC consists of the following transfer functions.
(1) Output resistance breeder
: HR
(2) Voltage gain of error amplifier
: GVEA
Current gain
: GMEA
(3) Impedance of phase compensation external element : ZC
(4) Current sense loop gain
: GCS
(5) Output smoothing impedance
: ZO
OSC
Current
sence loop
CLK
Fig. LV5068V compensation networks
Closed loop gain is obtained with the following formula (14).
G = HR • GMER • ZC • GCS • ZO
(14)
The table of compensation values for 330 kHz is provided below electronic capacitor with low ESR.
CC
Co
RESR
L
RC
Manufacturer
VIN
Vout
RSNS
(kohm)
(nF)
(uF)
(mohm)
(uH)
(mohm)
Part
(V)
(V)
12
5
30
10
82
4.7
220
82
10ME220SWG
24
12
3.3
30
10
56
4.7
220
82
10ME220SWG
24
12
5
20
10
56
4.7
220
82
10ME220SWG
24
12
3.3
20
10
33
4.7
220
82
10ME220SWG
24
Manufacturer
SUN electronic
Industries
SUN electronic
Industries
SUN electronic
Industries
SUN electronic
Industries
For this IC, RESR of output capacitor should be lower than 100m ohm. Where RESR of output capacitor is high,
CX is required for compensation. CX can be determined by:
RESR CO
CX =
RC
The zero-cross frequency required in the actual system board, in other word, transient response is adjusted by
RC. Also, if the influence of noise is significant, use of CC or CX with higher value is recommended.
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LV5068V
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