DEMO MANUAL DC1984A LTC5510 1MHz to 6GHz Wideband High Linearity Active Mixer Description Demonstration circuit 1984A showcases the LTC®5510. wideband high linearity active mixer for VHF/UHF upmixer applications, where a 70MHz input signal is upconverted to the 100MHz to 1GHz output range. Its input port is optimized for 30MHz to 2.6GHz, and its output port is optimized for 10MHz to 1.3GHz. The LO input can be either high side or low side. Another demonstration circuit, the DC1983A, utilizing a multilayer chip hybrid balun, is designed for evaluating the LTC5510 for wideband up/downmixer applications with 30MHz to 3GHz input and 1.2GHz to 2.1GHz output. DEMO BOARD INPUT RANGE LO RANGE OUTPUT RANGE DC1983A 30MHz to 3GHz 5MHz to 6GHz 1.2GHz to 2.1GHz DC1984A 30MHz to 2.6GHz 5MHz to 6GHz 10MHz to 1.3GHz The LTC5510 is a high linearity active mixer optimized for applications requiring very wide input bandwidth, low distortion and low LO leakage. The IC includes a double-balanced active mixer with an input buffer and a high speed LO amplifier. The mixer can be used for both up- and down-conversion and requires only 0dBm of LO power to achieve excellent distortion and noise performance. The LTC5510 is optimized for 5V, but can also be used with a 3.3V supply with reduced performance. The shutdown function allows the part to be disabled for further power saving. Design files for this circuit board are available at http://www.linear.com/demo/DC1984A L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Performance Summary Specifications are at TC = 25°C, VCC = 5V, EN = High, PLO = 0dBm, PIN = –10dBm (–10dBm/tone for two-tone tests), unless otherwise noted. (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS VALUE UNITS Input Frequency Range 30 to 2600 MHz Output Frequency Range 10 to 1300 MHz LO Input Frequency Range 5 to 6000 MHz –6 to 6 dBm LO Input Power Range Supply Voltage Range 5V Supply, R1 = Open (Default Configuration) 3.3V Supply, R1 = 2kΩ 4.5 to 5.3 3.1 to 3.5 Supply Current 5V Supply, R1 = Open (Default Configuration) 3.3V Supply, R1 = 2kΩ 98 90 mA mA Total Supply Current During Shutdown EN = Low 1.3 mA >1.8 V EN Input High Voltage (On) EN Input Low Voltage (Off) V V <0.5 V –20 to 200 µA EN: Low to High 0.6 µs EN: High to Low 0.6 µs Temperature Monitor Pin (TEMP) DC Voltage at TJ = 25°C IIN = 10µA IIN = 80µA 697 755 mV mV Temperature Monitor Pin (TEMP) Voltage Temperature Coefficient IIN = 10µA IIN = 80µA –1.80 –1.61 EN Input Current –0.3V to VCC + 0.3V Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time mV/°C mV/°C dc1984af 1 DEMO MANUAL DC1984A Performance Summary Specifications are at TC = 25°C, VCC = 5V, EN = High, PLO = 0dBm, PIN = –10dBm (–10dBm/tone for two-tone tests), unless otherwise noted. (Note 1) PARAMETER CONDITIONS VALUE UNITS 5V VHF/UHF Upmixer Application: fIN = 70MHz, fOUT = 100MHz to 1000MHz, fLO = fIN + fOUT Conversion Gain fOUT = 456MHz 1.1 dB Two-Tone Output 3rd Order Intercept (Δf = 2MHz) fOUT = 456MHz 29.0 dBm SSB Noise Figure fOUT = 456MHz 11.3 dB SSB Noise Floor at PIN = 5dBm fIN = 44MHz, fLO = 532MHz, fOUT = 462MHz –152 dBm/Hz LO-IN Leakage fLO = 100MHz to 1500MHz < –62 dBm LO-OUT Leakage fLO = 100MHz to 1500MHz < –39 dBm IN-OUT Isolation fIN = 50MHz to 400MHz > 43 dB IN-LO Isolation fIN = 50MHz to 400MHz > 70 dB Input 1dB Compression fOUT = 456MHz 11.0 dBm Note 1: Subject to change without notice. Refer to the latest LTC5510 data sheet for the most up-to-date specifications. Absolute Maximum Ratings NOTE. Stresses beyond Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Supply Voltage (VCC)................................................6.0V Enable Voltage (EN)......................... –0.3V to VCC + 0.3V LO Input Power (1MHz to 6GHz)......................... +10dBm IN Input Power (1MHz to 6GHz).......................... +18dBm Temp Monitor Input Current (TEMP).......................10mA Operating Temperature Range (TC)......... –40°C to 105°C Detailed Description Supply Voltage Ramping Supply Voltage Fast ramping of the supply voltage can cause a current glitch in the internal ESD protection circuits. Depending on the supply inductance, this could result in a supply voltage transient that exceeds the maximum rating. A supply voltage ramp time of greater than 1ms is recommended. The LTC5510 automatically detects the supply voltage and configures internal components for 5V or 3.3V operation. The auto-detect circuit switches at approximately 4.1V. To avoid undesired operation, the mixer should only be operated in the 4.5V to 5.3V or 3.1V to 3.6V supply range. Do not clip powered test leads directly onto the demonstration circuit’s VCC and EN turrets. Instead, make all necessary connections with power supplies turned off, then increase to operating voltage. For best overall temperature performance, the external bias adjustment resistor, R1, should be left open for 5V supply and set to 2kΩ for 3.3V supply. By default, demonstration circuit 1984A is configured for 5V supply, and R1 is not installed. 2 dc1984af DEMO MANUAL DC1984A Detailed Description Enable Function LO Port The LTC5510 features Enable/Shutdown control. When the applied Enable (EN) voltage is logic high (>1.8V), the mixer is enabled. When the Enable (EN) voltage is logic low (<0.5V), the mixer is shutdown reducing current consumption to approximately 1.3mA. The Enable voltage should never fall below –0.3V, or exceed the power supply voltage by more than 0.3V. Demonstration Circuit 1984A’s LO input port is broadband matched to 50Ω from 5MHz to 6GHz, with better than 10dB return loss. The impedance match is maintained whether the part is enabled or disabled. The LTC5510’s junction temperature can be estimated by forcing a current into the on-chip diode and measuring the resulting voltage: –6 RETURN LOSS (dB) Temperature Monitor (TEMP) 0 ON (EN = HI) –18 –24 10μA forced current: TJ = –12 OFF (EN = LOW) VD − 742.4 –1.796 –30 0 80μA forced current: TJ = 5000 dc1984a F02 OUT Port Where TJ is the junction temperature in °C, and VD is the TEMP pin voltage in mV. IN Port Demonstration Circuit 1984A utilizes a wideband transmission line type transformer at the output port. The output port is well matched to 50Ω from 10MHz to 1.3GHz. 0 Demonstration Circuit 1984A’s IN port is broadband matched to 50Ω from 30MHz to 2.6GHz. –6 RETURN LOSS (dB) 0 –6 RETURN LOSS (dB) 2000 3000 4000 FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 2. LO Port Return Loss VD − 795.6 –1.609 –12 –12 –18 –24 –18 –30 –24 –30 1000 0 300 600 900 1200 FREQUENCY (MHz) 1500 dc1984a F03 Figure 3. OUT Port Return Loss 0 1000 2000 3000 FREQUENCY (MHz) 4000 dc1984a F01 Figure 1. IN Port Return Loss dc1984af 3 DEMO MANUAL DC1984A Measurement Equipment and Setup The LTC5510 is a wideband active mixer IC with very high linearity. Accuracy of its performance measurement is highly dependent on equipment setup and measurement technique. The recommended measurement setups are presented in Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6. The following precautions should be observed: 3. Use high performance amplifiers with high IP3 and high reverse isolation, such as the Mini-Circuits ZHL1042J, on the outputs of the RF signal generators to improve source isolation to prevent the sources from modulating each other and generating intermodulation products. 1. Use high performance signal generators with low harmonic output and low phase noise, such as the Rohde & Schwarz SME06. Filters at the signal generators’ outputs may also be used to suppress higher order harmonics. 4. Use attenuator pads with good VSWR on the demonstration circuit’s input and output ports to improve source and load match to reduce reflections, which may degrade measurement accuracy. 2. A high quality RF power combiner which provides broadband 50Ω termination on all ports and has good port-to-port isolation should be used, such as the MiniCircuits ZFSC-2-372-S+. 5. A high dynamic range spectrum analyzer, such as the Rohde & Schwarz FSEM30, should be used for linearity measurement. 50Ω TERMINATION NETWORK ANALYZER 50Ω TERMINATION + – 5V DC POWER SUPPLY Figure 4. Proper Equipment Setup for Return Loss Measurements 4 dc1984af DEMO MANUAL DC1984A Measurement Equipment and Setup 6. Use narrow resolution bandwidth (RBW) and engage video averaging on the spectrum analyzer to lower the displayed average noise level (DANL) in order to improve sensitivity and to increase dynamic range. However, the trade-off is increased sweep time. 7. Spectrum analyzers can produce significant internal distortion products if they are overdriven. Generally, spectrum analyzers are designed to operate at their best with about –30dBm at their input filter or preselector. Sufficient spectrum analyzer input attenuation should be used to avoid saturating the instrument, but too much attenuation reduces sensitivity and dynamic range. SIGNAL GENERATOR 1 8. Before taking measurements, the system performance should be evaluated to ensure that: a. Clean input signals can be produced. The two-tone signals’ OIP3 should be at least 15dB better than the DUT’s IIP3. b.The spectrum analyzer’s internal distortion is minimized. c. The spectrum analyzer has enough dynamic range and sensitivity. The measurement system’s IIP3 should be at least 15dB better than the DUT’s OIP3. d.The system is accurately calibrated for power and frequency. 6dB SIGNAL GENERATOR 2 SPECTRUM ANALYZER MINI-CIRCUITS 3dB ZHL-1042J SIGNAL GENERATOR 3 3dB MINI-CIRCUITS 3dB ZHL-1042J MINI-CIRCUITS ZFSC-2-372-S+ + 5V DC POWER – SUPPLY Figure 5. Proper Equipment Setup for RF Performance Measurements dc1984af 5 DEMO MANUAL DC1984A Measurement Equipment and Setup SIGNAL GENERATOR BPF 6dB NOISE FIGURE METER NOISE SOURCE 3dB BPF BPF 3dB + 5V DC POWER – SUPPLY Figure 6. Proper Equipment Setup for Noise Figure Measurement Quick Start Procedure Demonstration circuit 1984A is easy to set up to evaluate the performance of the LTC5510. Refer to Figure 4, Figure 5 and Figure 6 for proper equipment connections. NOTE. Care should be taken to never exceed absolute maximum input ratings. Make all connections with RF and DC power off. Return Loss Measurements 1. Configure the Network Analyzer for return loss measurement, set appropriate frequency range, and set the test signal to 0dBm. 3. Connect all test equipment as shown in Figure 4 with the DC power supply turned off. 4. Increase the DC power supply voltage to 5V, and verify that the total current consumption is close to the figure listed in the Performance Summary. The supply voltage should be confirmed at the demo board VCC and GND terminals to account for test lead ohmic losses. 5. Terminate unused demo board ports in 50Ω. Measure return losses of the IN, LO and OUT ports. 2. Calibrate the Network Analyzer. 6 dc1984af DEMO MANUAL DC1984A Quick Start Procedure RF Performance Measurements 1. Connect all test equipment as shown in Figure 5, with the signal generators and the DC power supply turned off. 2. Increase the DC power supply voltage to 5V, and verify that the total current consumption is close to the figure listed in the Performance Summary. The supply voltage should be confirmed at the demo board VCC and GND terminals to account for test lead ohmic losses. 3. Set the LO source (signal generator 1) to provide a 0dBm CW signal at appropriate LO frequency to the demo board LO input port. 4. Set the RF sources (signal generators 2 and 3) to provide two –10dBm CW signals, 2MHz apart, at the appropriate frequencies to the demo board IN port. 5. Measure the resulting output on the Spectrum Analyzer: 6. Calculate output 3rd order intercept: OIP3 = ∆IM3 + POUT 2 Where ΔIM3 = POUT – PIM3. POUT is the lowest fundamental output signal power. PIM3 is the highest 3rd order intermodulation product power. 7. Turn off one of the RF signal generators, and measure conversion gain, IN-OUT isolation, LO-OUT leakage, and input 1dB compression point. Noise Figure Measurement 1. Configure and calibrate the noise figure meter for mixer measurements. 2. Connect all test equipment as shown in Figure 6, with the signal generator and the DC power supply turned off. 3. Increase the DC power supply voltage to 5V, and verify that the total current consumption is close to the figure listed in the Performance Summary. The supply voltage should be confirmed at the demo board VCC and GND terminals to account for test lead ohmic losses. 4. Measure the single-sideband noise figure. PCB Layout Layer 1, Top Layer Layer 2, Ground Layer dc1984af 7 DEMO MANUAL DC1984A PCB Layout Layer 3, Power Layer Layer 4, Bottom Layer Parts List ITEM QTY REFERENCE PART DESCRIPTION MANUFACTURER/PART NUMBER Required Circuit Components 1 4 C1, C2, C4, C5 CAP, 0402, X7R, 16V, 0.1µF, 10% MURATA, GRM155R71C104KA88D 2 1 C3 CAP, 0402, C0G, 50V, 0.5pF, ±0.1pF MURATA, GJM1555C1HR50BB01D 3 1 C6 CAP, 0603, X7R, 16V, 1µF, 10% MURATA, GRM188R71C105KA12D 4 4 C7, C8, C9, C10 CAP, 0402, X7R, 16V, 10nF, 10% MURATA, GRM155R71C103KA01D 5 4 E1, E2, E3, E4 TESTPOINT, TURRET, 0.094" MILL-MAX, 2501-2-00-80-00-00-07-0 6 3 J1, J2, J3 CONN, SMA, 50Ω, EDGE-LAUNCH E.F. JOHNSON, 142-0701-851 7 0 J4 CONN, OPTION 8 0 L1, L2 IND, 0603, OPTION 9 1 L3 IND, 0603, WIRE-WOUND, 220nH, 2% COILCRAFT, 0603HP-R22XGLU 10 2 L4, L5 IND, 0402, WIRE-WOUND, 15nH, 2% COILCRAFT, 0402HP-15NXGLU 11 0 R1 RES, 0402, OPTION 12 1 T1 XFMR, 1:1, 4.5-3000MHz MINI-CIRCUITS, TC1-1-13M+ 13 1 T2 XFMR, 4:1, 10-1900MHz MINI-CIRCUITS, TC4-19LN+ 14 1 U1 IC, LTC5510IUF#PBF, QFN 4mm × 4mm LINEAR TECHNOLOGY, LTC5510IUF#PBF 15 1 FAB, PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD DEMO CIRCUIT 1984A 8 dc1984af Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of its circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. A B C E4 3.1V - 3.6V 2.0K OPEN R1 6 4 5 1. ALL COMPONENTS ARE 0402 SIZE NOTE: UNLESS OTHERWISE SPECIFIED 4.5V - 5.3V E3 T1 1:1 XFMR MINI-CIRCUITS TC1-1-13M+ EN RANGE 3 2 1 3.3V VCC VCC RANGE J1 5V (DEFAULT) * IN TEMP J2 4 C2 0.1uF C3 0.5pF C1 0.1uF LGND IN- IN+ TEMP L3 220nH 0603 4 3 2 1 0.1uF C4 15 U1 LTC5510IUF 9 17 10 11 12 3 C8 10nF SCALE = NONE A.K. SUNNY H. PCB DES. APPROVALS 2 1 2 3 __ ECO DATE: 2 E2 E1 6 4 J4 J3 OUTOPT OUT+ DATE 7-09-13 LTC5510IUF 1 DEMO CIRCUIT 1984A Tuesday, July 09, 2013 IC NO. SHEET 1 2 OF 1 REV. 1630 McCarthy Blvd. Milpitas, CA 95035 Phone: (408)432-1900 www.linear.com Fax: (408)434-0507 LTC Confidential-For Customer Use Only GND * VCC 4.5V - 5.3V C10 10nF C9 10nF SUNNY H. APPROVED WIDEBAND ACTIVE MIXER, LOW FREQUENCY OUTPUT N/A SIZE DESCRIPTION PRODUCTION 1 REVISION HISTORY TECHNOLOGY T2 4:1 XFMR MINI-CIRCUITS TC4-19LN+ 2 REV TITLE: SCHEMATIC C6 1uF 0603 L5 15nH L4 15nH APP ENG. L2 OPT 0603 L1 OPT 0603 THIS CIRCUIT IS PROPRIETARY TO LINEAR TECHNOLOGY AND SUPPLIED FOR USE WITH LINEAR TECHNOLOGY PARTS. CUSTOMER NOTICE 3 LINEAR TECHNOLOGY HAS MADE A BEST EFFORT TO DESIGN A CIRCUIT THAT MEETS CUSTOMER-SUPPLIED SPECIFICATIONS; HOWEVER, IT REMAINS THE CUSTOMER'S RESPONSIBILITY TO VERIFY PROPER AND RELIABLE OPERATION IN THE ACTUAL APPLICATION. COMPONENT SUBSTITUTION AND PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD LAYOUT MAY SIGNIFICANTLY AFFECT CIRCUIT PERFORMANCE OR RELIABILITY. CONTACT LINEAR TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS ENGINEERING FOR ASSISTANCE. C7 10nF * R1 OPT GND GND OUT- OUT+ GND 0.1uF C5 13 LO 4 16 TP 5 LO+ VCC1 6 EN 14 LOVCC2 7 GND IADJ 8 D 5 A B C D DEMO MANUAL DC1984A Schematic Diagram dc1984af 9 DEMO MANUAL DC1984A DEMONSTRATION BOARD IMPORTANT NOTICE Linear Technology Corporation (LTC) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following AS IS conditions: This demonstration board (DEMO BOARD) kit being sold or provided by Linear Technology is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT OR EVALUATION PURPOSES ONLY and is not provided by LTC for commercial use. As such, the DEMO BOARD herein may not be complete in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including but not limited to product safety measures typically found in finished commercial goods. As a prototype, this product does not fall within the scope of the European Union directive on electromagnetic compatibility and therefore may or may not meet the technical requirements of the directive, or other regulations. If this evaluation kit does not meet the specifications recited in the DEMO BOARD manual the kit may be returned within 30 days from the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY THE SELLER TO BUYER AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE. EXCEPT TO THE EXTENT OF THIS INDEMNITY, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user releases LTC from all claims arising from the handling or use of the goods. Due to the open construction of the product, it is the user’s responsibility to take any and all appropriate precautions with regard to electrostatic discharge. Also be aware that the products herein may not be regulatory compliant or agency certified (FCC, UL, CE, etc.). No License is granted under any patent right or other intellectual property whatsoever. LTC assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or infringement of patents or any other intellectual property rights of any kind. LTC currently services a variety of customers for products around the world, and therefore this transaction is not exclusive. Please read the DEMO BOARD manual prior to handling the product. Persons handling this product must have electronics training and observe good laboratory practice standards. Common sense is encouraged. This notice contains important safety information about temperatures and voltages. For further safety concerns, please contact a LTC application engineer. Mailing Address: Linear Technology 1630 McCarthy Blvd. Milpitas, CA 95035 Copyright © 2004, Linear Technology Corporation 10 Linear Technology Corporation dc1984af LT 0713 • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2013