INTEGRATED CIRCUITS DATA SHEET SAA1501T Battery charge level indicator Objective specification File under Integrated Circuits, IC11 Philips Semiconductors December 1994 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION • High level of integration to allow assembly in intelligent battery packs The SAA1501T is intended to be used as a battery monitor and charge current control circuit in rechargeable battery systems. • Accurate charge and discharge account • Large dynamic range of charge and discharge currents The SAA1501T is processed in BiCMOS technology where the benefits of mixed bipolar and CMOS technology is fully utilized to achieve high accuracy measurements and digital signal processing in the same device. The general function of the integrated circuit is a Coulomb counter. During battery charging, the charge current and charge time are registered in a Coulomb counter. During discharge, the discharge current and time are recorded. The momentary charge amount of the batteries can be displayed either on an LCD screen or on an LED bargraph. Using the SAA1501T, intelligent batteries or intelligent battery powered systems can be easily designed with only a few external components. • Independent settings of charge and discharge efficiency • 2 V minimum supply voltage (2 cell operation) • Temperature protection of batteries during charging • Temperature controlled self-discharge • Accurate charge current regulation • Two charge amount display modes, LCD and LED. QUICK REFERENCE DATA SYMBOL PARAMETER VCC supply voltage ICC supply current ICCstb CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT 2.0 3.0 4.3 V VCC = 3 V; Ic = Id = 60 µA − 1.2 1.7 mA supply current in standby mode VCC = 3 V; VCSI = VDSI = 0 V − − 100 µA fosc fixed oscillator frequency Cosc = 820 pF; Rref = 51.5 kΩ − 4.2 − kHz Vi(s) input sense voltage (pins 9 and 10) 0 − VCC − 1.6 V Tamb operating ambient temperature 0 − +70 °C ORDERING INFORMATION PACKAGE TYPE NUMBER NAME SAA1501T December 1994 SO24 DESCRIPTION plastic small outline package; 24 leads; body width 7.5 mm 2 VERSION SOT137-1 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T BLOCK DIAGRAM BB BBB BBB BBB BB BBB BBB B BBB BBB BBB BBB BBB BBB BBBB BBBB BBBB BB BBB BBB BB BBB BBB BB BBB BBB B BBB BBBB BBB BBBB BBB BBBB BBB BBBB BBB BBBB BBB BBB BBB BBB BBB BBBB BBB BBB BBBB BBB BBB BBBB BBB December 1994 3 Fig.1 Block diagram. BB BBBBBBB BB BBBBBBB BB Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T PINNING SYMBOL PIN DESCRIPTION VCC 1 supply voltage EN 2 enable output Ccy 3 duty cycle capacitor output CCC 4 charge counter capacitor output Ich 5 maximum average charge current setting input Rref 6 current reference resistor input RDCC 7 discharge current conversion resistor input RCCC 8 charge current conversion resistor input CSI 9 charge sense input DSI 10 discharge sense input RTEMP1 11 temperature sensing resistor 1 input RTEMP2 12 temperature sensing resistor 2 input Cosc 13 oscillator capacitor input BUZ 14 buzzer output FULL 15 battery full indication output L100 16 100% segment indication output L80 17 80% segment indication output L60 18 60% segment indication output L40 19 40% segment indication output L20 20 20% segment indication output BP 21 LCD back plane drive BLI 22 battery low indicator LED output POL 23 power-on LED output GND 24 power ground December 1994 Fig.2 Pin configuration. 4 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Protections The most important function of the SAA1501T is the charge account in rechargeable battery systems. Both NiCd and NiMH batteries in all sizes can be used. The system can operate alone as a charge monitor with a charge amount display function or, can operate in conjunction with a charger. If the SAA1501T operates together with a charger, it delivers a control signal at output EN, for charge current regulation or for battery voltage regulation. In the temperature control block, the absolute temperature is used as a protection to end the fast charge cycle. Fast charging at high temperature is not permitted because of degradation of the battery cells. If the batteries are disconnected, an open-battery condition is recognized and the SAA1501T enters the standby mode. Mode detection The mode detector detects whether there are any charge or discharge currents, whether the system is powered, whether loads are connected or whether the system is in the standby mode. If power is connected, the power-on LED (POL) is on. In the standby mode, the Coulomb counter will count down in accordance with the self-discharge speed of the batteries, which is temperature controlled. The following subsections describe the various blocks of the block diagram in more detail. Fast charging systems and charge current regulation The SAA1501T is especially designed to be used in fast charging systems. In fast charging systems, the charge time is lowered by raising the charge current. Signal EN controls the charger current. The counters register the state of charge of the batteries and at the 80% level the charge current is reduced via a smaller duty cycle regulation of signal EN. The second (slow) level fully charges the batteries which is not possible with the first (fast) level. After the slow charge mode the counter switches over to an even smaller duty cycle of EN and thus enters the third (trickle) charge mode, to overcome the self-discharge of the batteries. Supply and reference During the period when VCC rises from 0 V to the internal reset level, all counters are reset. The internal reset is released before VCC reaches 1.7 V. The operating supply voltage ranges from 2 V to the open battery level of 4.3 V (min). The characteristics are guaranteed at VCC = 3 V. In order to protect the SAA1501T against high supply voltages during open battery in a flyback converter, a voltage clamp circuit is made active at 6.35 V (typ). The clamping current must not exceed 80 mA. A band gap reference block is included to generate accurate voltages i.e. for the oscillator. Moreover, together with Rref, accurate currents are generated which are used in the I/F and V/I converters and the oscillator block. In the standby mode only the oscillator and the digital parts are active to limit the discharge current of the batteries to a current level of less than 100 mA. The circuits that are needed temporarily are switched on and off during standby (see “Timing characteristics” tsom). Current sensing and charge account The charge current is sensed by means of a very low resistance (e.g. 70 mΩ) sense resistor Rsc (see Fig.8) to save power at high charge rates. Via the V/I charge converter and external resistor RCCC (see Fig.8), the sensed voltage is converted into a charge current Ic (the same is applicable for the discharge current). In the I/F converter the charge current is converted into a frequency for up-counting the counter. For the discharge current (Id) the converted frequency is used for down-counting. The up and down counting is registered in counters CNT1 and CNT2, depending on the actual charge and discharge current levels of the batteries. This is called dynamic charge account. Voltage-to-current charge and discharge Charge display In the V/I converter, the input charge current is translated into acceptable levels for the circuit. The conversion formula is: ( I ch arg e × R sc ) I c = -------------------------------------- ; where RCCC > Rsc (see Fig.7) R CCC The charge amount represented by the Coulomb counter can be displayed via an LCD screen or via an LED bargraph. If the charge amount is reduced to 0%, the battery low indicator (BLI) LED is turned on at the end of a battery discharge session. A flashing BLI, in combination with a repeating buzzer alarm, informs the user about the low charge state. A new charge session should then be started. December 1994 5 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T With RCCC, the charge efficiency can be manipulated depending on the charge level. The restriction of the SAA1501T is a maximum average charge current of 60 µA and a minimum momentary charge current of 0.6 µA. The same formula is applicable for the discharge current. The discharge efficiency can now also be changed by RDCC depending on the discharge current levels, but independent of the charge current. As both sense levels are referenced to ground, the sensing elements could be combined into one. The outputs are used combined as 1⁄ × (I − I ) in the I/F converter and combined as (I − I ) 6 c d c d in the pulse width modulator block and made separately available in the mode detector. The conversion is made lower by a factor of 6 in the I/F converter block, thereby enabling the use of poor leakage capacitors on pin 4. All V/I converter pins are sensitive to capacitive loading (Cout × Rconv < 1 ms), the conversion resistors should be mounted as close as possible to the output pins. to the trickle charge mode to overcome the self-discharge of the batteries. The top-up charge volume of CNT2 = 0.2 × CNT1 = 0.2 C (where Q is rated as Ampere hours of the battery). The slow and trickle charge current levels are dependent on the k-factor. Signal EN controls the external charger e.g. TEA1400 (see Fig.8). When an LED bargraph display is used, the LED currents are also considered as a battery discharge current, and therefore influence the duty cycle of the charge current regulation signal EN. The SAA1501T also enables temperature protection. In the event that the battery temperature exceeds a certain maximum temperature level (Tbattery > Tmax), which can be set by an external NTC resistor, the SAA1501T switches to the slow charge mode. In the standby mode (self-discharge mode), which is recognized by the SAA1501T in the mode detector when both the charge and discharge currents are zero (Ic = Id = 0), the self-discharge of the batteries is registered by counting down in 200 days (based on fosc = 4 kHz) if Tbattery < Tself or in 100 days (based on fosc = 4 kHz) if Tbattery > Tself. Tself is also set by means of an external NTC resistor. I/F converter This block produces up-counts while charging and down-counts while discharging. The I/F converter translates the charge/discharge currents into a frequency. This frequency is determined by ( I c ( d ) × R sense × 6 ) f = ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------( C CC × ∆V osc × R CCC ( RDCC ) ) Band gap generation From the band gap voltage block, two reference voltages are derived Vref and Vmax. Voltage Vref at pin Rref sets the reference currents, Iref1 (I/F converter); Iref2 (mode detector) and Iref3 (oscillator). Voltage Vmax sets the current Imax which is used in the pulse width modulation block to accurately control the charge current. During the time period ‘t’, the charge current, expressed as a ‘Charge Parcel’, will be counted in the Coulomb counters (CNT1 and CNT2). During discharge the ‘Charge Parcel’ is the product of the discharge current and the ‘t’ from the I/F converter generated frequency. The momentary contents of the Coulomb counter is a multiple of the ‘Charge Parcels’. Charge current regulation While charging, the SAA1501T produces a charge current regulation signal EN in the pulse width modulation block which is used for controlling an external charger. This digital signal EN is derived from the signal produced at pin Ccy. The duty cycle is determined by Coulomb counters CNT1 and CNT2 The SAA1501T has been designed for average maximum charge and discharge current levels of 5 C and minimum charge and discharge current levels of 0.05 C. This means that counter CNT1 will be full, or empty, after a minimum time period of 12 minutes at maximum charge and discharge currents at the recommended oscillator frequency. Higher charge and discharge rates than 5 C are possible, but only by changing the oscillator frequency. It should be noted that the self-discharge time and the display functions are influenced by a higher oscillator frequency. The SAA1501T enables top-up charging in order to account for the decrease of charge efficiency at high charge rates. The SAA1501T switches to the slow charge mode at full recognition when CNT1 is at its maximum. As soon as the batteries are completely full (when CNT2 is at its maximum), the SAA1501T switches December 1994 k × I max δ = ------------------Ic – Id in which the value of k depends on the state of the counters CNT1 and CNT2: CNT1 is not full; k = 1 (fast charging). CNT1 is full; CNT2 is not full; k = 0.1 (slow charging). CNT1 and CNT2 are full; k = 0.025 (trickle charging). 6 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T Mode detector Prescaler/controller This block differentiates between the available modes of operation. The modes are given below: In the prescaler, a new system clock is created (CLK) which is used for all timing blocks. Many frequencies are derived from the basic oscillator at the standard frequency of 4 kHz (1/Tosc), such as the self-discharge times and the modulation frequency for the buzzer, the drive voltage frequency for the LCD screen and the pulse trains for temperature measurements and power/load sensing measurements in the mode detector. Charge mode; power charge (POCH). Discharge mode; battery load (BATLD). Power load mode (POLD); the batteries are charged while the load is also active. Self discharge mode; (STANDBY). To detect power in a regulated system (see Fig.8) the EN signal is used for sensing. The POCH mode is recognized when the converted charge current Ic > Iref2 (when in the power mode, change of mode can only be recognised if EN is HIGH). The BATLD mode is recognized when Id > Iref2; the POLD mode is recognized when Ic > Iref2 and Id > Iref2; the standby mode is recognized when Ic < Iref2 and Id < Iref2. In the standby mode, if the advised frequency (4 kHz) is applied, it takes 0.5 s to determine another mode (in all other modes, a change of mode is sensed continuously). In all other modes an eventual change of mode is done continuously. To save supply current during standby, the V/I converters are switched off. With the specific fixed intervals, the SAA1501T checks whether power or load is connected again. This checking is synchronized by the sensing signal of the V/I converters. The SAA1501T can handle a DC charge current as well as a discontinuous charge current (SMSP charger). The load current can also be DC or interrupted, e.g. produced by a motor. The digital filtering of both signals, to overcome faulty mode detections, restricts the conditions in which power and load are recognized. Because of the very sensitive input detection level of the mode detector for a charge current (power) in combination with the high interference levels of motor driving, the detection level for power (Ic > Iref2) is raised by a factor of 25 when the batteries are loaded. Temperature In the temperature control block two temperature measurements are performed. In order to switch off fast charging when the battery temperature exceeds an adjustable maximum temperature (Tmax), a maximum temperature measurement is performed. A second temperature measurement is performed in the standby mode. This temperature measurement is input to the temperature control block to switch over the self-discharge rate from a count down of 200 days (based on fosc = 4 kHz) if Tbattery < Tself, to a count down rate of 100 days (based on fosc = 4 kHz) if Tbattery > Tself. In all modes the temperature is measured periodical. The temperature circuit which controls the above mentioned functions is a bridge configuration synthesis, as illustrated in Fig.3. Oscillator As the oscillator has to operate in all modes, including the standby mode, the current consumption of the oscillator must be very low. The same applies for the band gap generator block, because the band gap delivers accurate reference voltages and currents to the oscillator block. Apart from the low current consumption, the accuracy of the period time is important. The period time of the oscillator is: ( VH – VL) t osc = 2 × C osc × -------------------------- = 5.6 × C osc × R ref I ref3 December 1994 Fig.3 Temperature circuit. 7 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T The BLI sequence is as follows. If during discharge the charge state falls below 0%, the red BLI LED is turned on. Changing mode from discharge to standby means that the BLI LED and the buzzer (BUZ) are activated as indicated in Fig.4. If after a 0% passing recharge is activated, the red BLI LED is turned on again for as long as the counter remains below 10%. Switch-over in the 0 to 10% range to standby will activate BLI and BUZ again. Display decoder driver The counters are used to output the battery charge amount via a decoder and driver stage to the display outputs L100, L80, L60, L40 and L20 to drive an LCD screen or an LED bargraph. A 64 Hz (based on fosc = 4 kHz) block signal at output BP (back plane) must be connected to the back plane of the LCD bar. If pin BP is connected to ground, the display outputs L20 to L100 will produce signals for an LED bargraph. Output signal POL (power-on LED) indicates when the batteries are in the charge mode. When the counter is not at its maximum state, POL is on and flickers at 2 Hz (based on fosc = 4 kHz) when the counter is at its maximum. The waveforms illustrated in Fig.4 depict operation of the monitor display. The outputs BLI (battery low indication), BUZ (buzzer) and FULL indicate the extreme status (empty or full) of the counters and the batteries. The waveforms of the signals BLI and BUZ if one switches over from BATLD to standby when BLI is active, are given in Fig.4. The LEDs of the LED bargraph are activated as a result of each operational mode change, starting with a step-up pattern. Step-up means that LEDs are activated successively one after the other, in accordance with the charge status each 1⁄8 s (based on fosc = 4 kHz). After the step-up, the LEDs will be on for 8 s (based on fosc = 4 kHz), except for the POCH mode, where the LEDs will be on continuously to inform the user about the charge state of the batteries. The LCD display is, apart from the LED mode, always visible. Figure 5 shows the legend for Fig.6. Figure 6 shows the operation of the monitor display. BUZ Fig.4 BLI and buzzer timing. December 1994 8 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T a test pin. Raising the voltage above 1 V during the set-up time will activate the test. The test mode can only be started in the standby mode. In the test mode all counters are reset and will be active successively in the sequence BLI, L20, L40, L60, L80, L100 and FULL with an interval period determined by Tosc. The test mode can be exited via the following methods: Open battery protection Open battery protection is active when VCC = 4.5 V (typ.). The SAA1501T will then react as if the system is in the standby mode. This means that the LEDs are turned off in the LED mode, in the LCD mode the flickering is stopped and the enable pin (EN) is switched to floating. Power-on; the Coulomb counter retains the latest data displayed. Testing A user test facility is built-in for checking if the LCD and/or LED displays are mounted correctly. Pin RCCC is used as Automatically after the test cycle time; the Coulomb counter is reset. Fig.5 Legend for Fig.6. December 1994 9 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T Fig.6 Charge state of counter shown by LCD or LED display. December 1994 10 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T LIMITING VALUES In accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). All voltages with respect to GND (pin 24); input currents are positive; pins 5, 6 and 21 are not allowed to be voltage driven; the voltage ratings are valid provided other ratings are not being violated. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. MAX. UNIT VCC supply voltage −0.5 +5.5 V Vn1 input voltage at pins 9 to 12 −0.5 +1.0 V Vn2 input voltage at pins 2 to 4, 13 to 20, 22 and 23 −0.5 VCC V ∆V voltage difference between pins 10 and 7 and between pins 9 and 8 −2.0 +2.0 V ICC supply current − 80 mA IGND power ground supply current − −80 mA In supply current at pins 5 to 8 Ptot total power dissipation Tstg − −1 mA − 0.75 W storage temperature −55 +150 °C Tj junction temperature − +150 °C Tamb operating ambient temperature −10 +75 °C Tamb = 70 °C QUALITY SPECIFICATION In accordance with SNW-FQ-611 part E. The numbers of the quality specification can be found in the “Quality Reference Handbook”. The Handbook can be ordered using the code 9398 510 63011. THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL Rth j-a December 1994 PARAMETER thermal resistance from junction to ambient in free air 11 VALUE UNIT 75 K/W Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T CHARACTERISTICS VCC = 3 V; Tamb = 25 °C; Rref = 51.5 kΩ (0.1%); Cosc = 820 pF (0.1%); RCCC = RDCC = 3.65 kΩ (0.1%); Rmax = 3.48 kΩ (0.1%); Iref = Vref/Rref; Imax = Vmax/Rmax; the minimum and maximum values are 4 sigma limits; unless otherwise specified. SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT Supply VCC supply voltage VCC(ir) supply voltage internal reset ICC supply current ICCstb note 1 2.0 3.0 4.3 V − 1.2 1.7 V Ic = Id = 60 µA 0.6 − 1.7 mA supply current in standby mode VCSI = VDSI = 0 V − − 100 mA Vref reference voltage note 2 204 211 217 mV Iref reference current notes 1 and 2 3.5 − 8 µA Vmax maximum voltage note 2 204 211 TC temperature coefficient of reference voltage T = 0 to 100 °C 0 25 × Vclamp clamping level voltage ICC = 50 mA 5.8 6.3 217 10−6 100 × mV 10−6 6.8 °C V Voltage-to-current charge/discharge I4 I3 voltage-to-current charge/discharge current accuracy voltage-to-current charge/discharge current accuracy I4/I3 relative current accuracy of voltage-to-current in charge counter capacitor Vi(s) input sense voltage at pins 9 and 10 V9 = 7 mV; V4 = 1.5 V −259 −324 −389 nA V10 = 7 mV; V4 = 1.5 V 262 328 394 nA V9 = 200 mV; V4 = 1.5 V −8.93 −9.13 −9.32 µA V10 = 200 mV; V4 = 1.5 V 8.93 9.13 9.32 µA V9 = 7 mV; Rmax = 400 kΩ; k = 0.025 −1.55 −1.94 −2.32 µA V10 = 7 mV; Rmax = 400 kΩ; k = 0.025 1.57 1.97 2.36 µA V9 = 200 mV; Rmax = 400 kΩ; k = 0.025 −53.5 −54.7 −56 µA V10 = 200 mV; Rmax = 400 kΩ; k = 0.025 53.5 54.7 56 µA V9 = V10 = 200 mV − 1.0 2.5 % VCC(max) = 3.7 V; note 1 0 − VCC − 1.6 V 3.7 < VCC < 4.4 V; note 1 − − 2.1 V Io(s) DC output sense current (pins 8 and 7) 0.6 − 60 µA Vos offset voltage − − 1.8 mV December 1994 12 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SYMBOL PARAMETER SAA1501T CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT I/F converter a multiplication factor for Iref1 Iref1 = a × Iref (where a is constant); V4 = 1.26 V; idle mode 2.35 2.5 2.65 Vclamp clamping voltage (pin 4) Ic = 0; Id = 60 µA; I4 = 10 µA 0.7 0.9 1.1 V VCCC(H) HIGH level reference voltage (pin 4) 1.58 1.66 1.74 V VCCC(L) LOW level reference voltage (pin 4) 1.26 1.33 1.4 V Pulse width modulator ACC accuracy for Imax at Ccy 15 < Imax < 60 µA − − ±3 % Imax maximum DC current Imax = Vmax/Rmax; note 1 0.6 − 60 mA Id/Imax k factor k = 1; Vd = 1.5 V; idle mode 0.95 0.98 1.01 k = 0.1; Vd = 1.5 V; idle mode 0.094 0.099 0.104 k = 0.025; Vd = 1.5 V; idle mode 0.023 0.025 0.027 VCCY start up-clamping voltage (pin 3) Id = 10 µA; Ic = 0 0.7 0.9 1.1 V VCCY clamping voltage (pin 3) open-circuit at pin 3; pin 5 = VCC; ±(Ic − Id) = 60 µA − − VCC − 0.6 V VCCY(H) HIGH level switching voltage 1.60 1.77 1.86 V VCCY(L) LOW level switching voltage 1.28 1.32 1.37 V IZ 3-state enable current V2 = 1.5 V − − 1 µA − 0.15Iref − Mode detector Iref2 mode detection level at pins 7 and 8 Iref2 ≥ e × Iref (where e is constant) Iref4 mode detection level at pin 7 Iref4 ≥ Iref2; − in modes POLD and BATLD 25Iref2 − 150 158 nC nC Oscillator (pin 13) Qc charge amount Iref1(sink) × Tclk 142 Qd discharge amount Iref1(source) × Tclk 142 150 158 ∆Q difference between charge and discharge charge amount 0.95 1.0 1.05 b multiplication factor for Iref3 − 0.75 − ∆Vosc voltage swing HIGH-to-LOW transition − 440 − December 1994 Iref3 = b × Iref (where b is constant) 13 mV Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SYMBOL fosc PARAMETER SAA1501T CONDITIONS oscillator frequency MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT 3.9 4.3 4.7 kHz 0 − 900 mV 9.7 10.0 10.3 Temperature control (pins 11 and 12) Vi input voltage ITEMP2/ITEMP1 detection at Tmax V11 = V12 = 300 mV ITEMP2/ITEMP1 detection at Tself V11 = V12 = 300 mV 15 16 17 c multiplication factor for ITEMP1 ITEMP1 = c × Iref (where c is constant); VTEMP1 = VTEMP2 = 300 mV 0.45 0.54 0.63 d multiplication factor for ITEMP2 ITEMP2 = d × Iref (where d is constant); VTEMP1 = VTEMP2 = 300 mV 4.5 5.4 6.3 open-battery level voltage 4.3 4.5 4.65 V test level voltage 1.0 − 2.0 V Open battery protection VCC(ob) Testing Vtest Display decoder driver IOL1 LOW level output current (pin 20 LED), (LED 20 is on) VOL = 0.6 V; L40 to L100 off; 7 VCC = 2.4 V 10 12 mA IOBP output LED sense current (pin 21 LED), (LED 20 is on) VOBP = 0.1 V; L40 to L100 off; VCC = 2.4 V 63 82 100 µA ILED(CF) LED current compensation factor IOL1/IOBP; VCC = 2.4 V 110 121 132 IOL2 LOW level output current (pins 20 to 16 LED), (all LEDs are on) all LEDs on; VOL = 0.7 V; VCC = 2.8 V 7.5 11 14 mA IOBP(tot) total output sense current (pins 21) VOBP = 0.1 V; VCC = 2.8 V; L20 to L100 on 350 452 560 µA ILED(CF) LED current compensation factor 5IOL2/IOBP(tot) 115 125 135 IOL output current (pins 20 to 16 LCD) VOL = 0.5 V; VCC = 2.8 V 350 480 640 µA IOL(14,15) LOW level output current (pins 14 and 15) VOL = 0.4 V; VCC = 2.4 V 0.9 1.2 1.7 mA IOL(22,23) LOW level output current (pins 22 and 23 LED) VOL = 0.4 V; VCC = 2.1 V 7 10 12 mA IOL(21) LOW level output current (pin 21 LCD) VOL = 0.4 V; VCC = 2.8 V 572 849 1214 µA IOH HIGH level output current (pins 20 to 16 LED) VOH = 2.4 V; VCC = 2.8 V 261 378 526 µA IOH(21) HIGH level output current (pin 21 LED) VOH = 2.4 V; VCC = 2.8 V 239 378 565 µA December 1994 14 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SYMBOL PARAMETER SAA1501T CONDITIONS MIN. TYP. MAX. UNIT VOH(14) HIGH level output current (pin 14) VOH = 2 V; VCC = 2.4 V 0.7 1.6 2.5 µA IOH(15) HIGH level output current (pin 15) VOH = 2 V; VCC = 2.4 V 0.99 1.67 2.69 mA IOH(22,23) HIGH level output current (pins 22 and 23) VOH = 2.4 V; VCC = 2.4 V 260 450 708 µA ILO output leakage current (pin 21) VOH = 0 to VCC − − ±1 µA Notes 1. Not measured by the industrial measuring program, but guaranteed by design. 2. Internally detected from band gap generator. December 1994 15 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T TIMING CHARACTERISTICS SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS VALUE Tosc = 2Cosc × Vosc/Iref3 Tosc oscillator cycle time Tclk clock cycle time tsom sense operation mode time note 2 1.5 × 27Tosc tsom(p) sense operation mode period time note 2 212Tosc trec recognition time power; note 3 >32tosc load; note 4 >20tosc Tbattery > Tself (100 days at fosc = 4 kHz) 235Tosc Tbattery > Tself (200 days at fosc = 4 kHz) 236Tosc tself self discharge counter time note 1 64tosc tbattery(s) battery temperature measurement sense time 27Tosc tbattery(p) battery temperature measurement period time 216Tosc tsu display test set-up time 211Tosc < t < 1.5 × 218Tosc tid interval display test time 210Tosc tpd period display test time 1.5 × 218Tosc tsu:LED LED set-up time 29Tosc tLED(ON) LEDs-on time fBP drive voltage frequency for back plane 2−4Tosc fBUZ modulation frequency for auto buzzer 1⁄ after change of mode (except POCH mode) Notes 1. V osc t osc = 2C osc × ----------- ; where Vosc = 440 mV and Iref3 = 0.75. I ref3 2. Applies to all converters and enable signal. 3. For charge current AC or DC: f > 1⁄2fosc. 4. For discharge current AC: f > 1⁄4fosc. December 1994 16 215Tosc 2Tosc Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T APPLICATION INFORMATION BBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBB Fig.7 Battery pack application diagram; with camcorder. BBBBBB BBBBBB BBBBBB BBBBBB BBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBB Fig.8 State-of-charge indicator and charge current regulation. December 1994 17 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T PACKAGE OUTLINE handbook, full pagewidth 15.6 15.2 7.6 7.4 10.65 10.00 0.1 S S A 0.9 (4x) 0.4 24 13 2.45 2.25 1.1 1.0 0.3 0.1 2.65 2.35 0.32 0.23 pin 1 index 1 1.1 0.5 12 detail A 1.27 0.49 0.36 0.25 M (24x) Dimensions in mm. Fig.9 Plastic small outline package; 24 leads; body width 7.5 mm (SO24; SOT137-1). December 1994 18 0 to 8o MBC235 - 1 Philips Semiconductors Objective specification Battery charge level indicator SAA1501T applied to the substrate by screen printing, stencilling or pressure-syringe dispensing before device placement. SOLDERING Plastic small-outline packages Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example, thermal conduction by heated belt, infrared, and vapour-phase reflow. Dwell times vary between 50 and 300 s according to method. Typical reflow temperatures range from 215 to 250 °C. BY WAVE During placement and before soldering, the component must be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. After curing the adhesive, the component can be soldered. The adhesive can be applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe dispensing. Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 min at 45 °C. Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and maximum duration of package immersion in solder bath is 10 s, if allowed to cool to less than 150 °C within 6 s. Typical dwell time is 4 s at 250 °C. REPAIRING SOLDERED JOINTS (BY HAND-HELD SOLDERING IRON OR PULSE-HEATED SOLDER TOOL) Fix the component by first soldering two, diagonally opposite, end pins. Apply the heating tool to the flat part of the pin only. Contact time must be limited to 10 s at up to 300 °C. When using proper tools, all other pins can be soldered in one operation within 2 to 5 s at between 270 and 320 °C. (Pulse-heated soldering is not recommended for SO packages.) A modified wave soldering technique is recommended using two solder waves (dual-wave), in which a turbulent wave with high upward pressure is followed by a smooth laminar wave. Using a mildly-activated flux eliminates the need for removal of corrosive residues in most applications. For pulse-heated solder tool (resistance) soldering of VSO packages, solder is applied to the substrate by dipping or by an extra thick tin/lead plating before package placement. BY SOLDER PASTE REFLOW Reflow soldering requires the solder paste (a suspension of fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be DEFINITIONS Data sheet status Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development. Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later. Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications. Limiting values Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability. Application information Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification. LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale. December 1994 19 Philips Semiconductors – a worldwide company Argentina: IEROD, Av. Juramento 1992 - 14.b, (1428) BUENOS AIRES, Tel. (541)786 7633, Fax. (541)786 9367 Australia: 34 Waterloo Road, NORTH RYDE, NSW 2113, Tel. (02)805 4455, Fax. (02)805 4466 Austria: Triester Str. 64, A-1101 WIEN, P.O. Box 213, Tel. (01)60 101-1236, Fax. (01)60 101-1211 Belgium: Postbus 90050, 5600 PB EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Tel. (31)40 783 749, Fax. (31)40 788 399 Brazil: Rua do Rocio 220 - 5th floor, Suite 51, CEP: 04552-903-SÃO PAULO-SP, Brazil. P.O. Box 7383 (01064-970). Tel. (011)821-2333, Fax. (011)829-1849 Canada: PHILIPS SEMICONDUCTORS/COMPONENTS: Tel. (800) 234-7381, Fax. (708) 296-8556 Chile: Av. Santa Maria 0760, SANTIAGO, Tel. (02)773 816, Fax. (02)777 6730 Colombia: IPRELENSO LTDA, Carrera 21 No. 56-17, 77621 BOGOTA, Tel. (571)249 7624/(571)217 4609, Fax. (571)217 4549 Denmark: Prags Boulevard 80, PB 1919, DK-2300 COPENHAGEN S, Tel. (032)88 2636, Fax. (031)57 1949 Finland: Sinikalliontie 3, FIN-02630 ESPOO, Tel. (9)0-50261, Fax. (9)0-520971 France: 4 Rue du Port-aux-Vins, BP317, 92156 SURESNES Cedex, Tel. (01)4099 6161, Fax. 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(02)798-8022 Malaysia: No. 76 Jalan Universiti, 46200 PETALING JAYA, SELANGOR, Tel. (03)750 5214, Fax. (03)757 4880 Mexico: 5900 Gateway East, Suite 200, EL PASO, TX 79905, Tel. 9-5(800)234-7381, Fax. (708)296-8556 Netherlands: Postbus 90050, 5600 PB EINDHOVEN, Bldg. VB Tel. (040)783749, Fax. (040)788399 New Zealand: 2 Wagener Place, C.P.O. Box 1041, AUCKLAND, Tel. (09)849-4160, Fax. (09)849-7811 Norway: Box 1, Manglerud 0612, OSLO, Tel. (022)74 8000, Fax. (022)74 8341 Philips Semiconductors Pakistan: Philips Electrical Industries of Pakistan Ltd., Exchange Bldg. ST-2/A, Block 9, KDA Scheme 5, Clifton, KARACHI 75600, Tel. (021)587 4641-49, Fax. (021)577035/5874546. Philippines: PHILIPS SEMICONDUCTORS PHILIPPINES Inc, 106 Valero St. Salcedo Village, P.O. Box 2108 MCC, MAKATI, Metro MANILA, Tel. (02)810 0161, Fax. (02)817 3474 Portugal: PHILIPS PORTUGUESA, S.A., Rua dr. António Loureiro Borges 5, Arquiparque - Miraflores, Apartado 300, 2795 LINDA-A-VELHA, Tel. (01)4163160/4163333, Fax. (01)4163174/4163366. Singapore: Lorong 1, Toa Payoh, SINGAPORE 1231, Tel. (65)350 2000, Fax. (65)251 6500 South Africa: S.A. PHILIPS Pty Ltd., 195-215 Main Road Martindale, 2092 JOHANNESBURG, P.O. Box 7430 Johannesburg 2000, Tel. (011)470-5911, Fax. (011)470-5494. Spain: Balmes 22, 08007 BARCELONA, Tel. (03)301 6312, Fax. (03)301 42 43 Sweden: Kottbygatan 7, Akalla. S-164 85 STOCKHOLM, Tel. (0)8-632 2000, Fax. (0)8-632 2745 Switzerland: Allmendstrasse 140, CH-8027 ZÜRICH, Tel. (01)488 2211, Fax. (01)481 77 30 Taiwan: PHILIPS TAIWAN Ltd., 23-30F, 66, Chung Hsiao West Road, Sec. 1. Taipeh, Taiwan ROC, P.O. Box 22978, TAIPEI 100, Tel. (02)388 7666, Fax. (02)382 4382. Thailand: PHILIPS ELECTRONICS (THAILAND) Ltd., 209/2 Sanpavuth-Bangna Road Prakanong, Bangkok 10260, THAILAND, Tel. (662)398-0141, Fax. (662)398-3319. Turkey: Talatpasa Cad. No. 5, 80640 GÜLTEPE/ISTANBUL, Tel. (0 212)279 2770, Fax. (0212)269 3094 United Kingdom: Philips Semiconductors LTD., 276 Bath road, Hayes, MIDDLESEX UB3 5BX, Tel. (081)73050000, Fax. (081)7548421 United States: 811 East Arques Avenue, SUNNYVALE, CA 94088-3409, Tel. (800)234-7381, Fax. (708)296-8556 Uruguay: Coronel Mora 433, MONTEVIDEO, Tel. (02)70-4044, Fax. (02)92 0601 For all other countries apply to: Philips Semiconductors, International Marketing and Sales, Building BE-p, P.O. Box 218, 5600 MD, EINDHOVEN, The Netherlands, Telex 35000 phtcnl, Fax. +31-40-724825 SCD35 © Philips Electronics N.V. 1994 All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. The information presented in this document does not form part of any quotation or contract, is believed to be accurate and reliable and may be changed without notice. No liability will be accepted by the publisher for any consequence of its use. Publication thereof does not convey nor imply any license under patent- or other industrial or intellectual property rights. Printed in The Netherlands 373061/1500/01/pp20 Document order number: Date of release: December 1994 9397 743 50011