TM September 2013 • Freescale’s intelligent high side switches are designed to control a wide variety of loads in automotive and industrial systems. This presentation describes Freescale’s high side switch portfolio and roadmap, device features, considerations for their use, potential applications and available design and support tools. TM 2 1. Low Voltage Loads and their System Requirements 2. Freescale’s Technology Solutions 3. Freescale’s Product Solutions for 12V and 24V Systems 4. Device Features 5. Ecosystem and Design Support TM 3 Application Loads Lighting Halogen & incandescent lamps, LEDs, Xenon HID, … DC motor Fuel pump, wiper, fan, … Solenoid Xenon shutter, relay coil, … Resistor 0² heater, seat heater, … Fuse Box Body / lighting Power Distribution Other modules or subcircuits Fuel Pump (MC33981) TM 4 Factory Automation DC Motors • • • • • • • Electric doors Wiper Washer pump Machine inspection Vending machines HVAC Hospital bed controller • • • • Start Stop Lighting loads Inductive loads • • • • • • • • Solenoids Water and fluid control app Valve controllers for thermostats Home Automation system TM PLC Low end robotic Industrial printing systems POS terminals 5 Xenon Halogen Incandescent LEDs Less likely More likely to use solid state devices • Any load with currents < 1A • Any load that requires PWMing − − − − − Bulb protection (against high voltage) Dimming Daytime running lamps Soft-start Motor speed control or back EMF detection • Loads requiring sophisticated diagnostics • Systems requiring careful over current management to protect wiring • High side switched loads <20A • 24V systems • Loads that require blocking reverse battery current • Low or high side switched loads with currents > 20A • H-bridge or ½ H-bridge topologies > 10A TM 6 Vbatt Vbatt D Solenoid or other load freewheel diode Vgate = Vbatt+10V “High Side” switch G S D Vgate = 10V “Low Side” switch G freewheel diode S TM 7 Solenoid or other load • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Module cost Module size and weight Module mounting location and orientation Load variations with vehicle features Robustness Module manufacturability Quality Power density and thermal management Load/fuse assignment Harness protection Inrush currents much greater than operating current Short circuit management (retry strategy), especially at cold temperature FMEA (failure mode) considerations for headlamps and brake lamps Detecting an incorrect bulb size or a failure in paralleled lamps Diagnostics Module sleep state current Conducted and radiated emissions for PWMed loads; susceptibility TM 8 • • • • • • • • Operating profile for trucks might be 300,000km/y Wire harness for 24V system is often much longer than in passenger vehicles Potentially up to 20 meters from module to load (up to 40m with a trailer) Potentially up to 20 meters from battery to module (for a distributed architecture) Increases wiring inductance and the possibility of wiring harness faults 24V systems have more loads than 12V systems and more of those loads are motors and solenoids motors are often PWMed @ ~1kHz from 5% to 100% whereas lighting is PWM-ed at 100 to 200Hz Vehicular transient specifications are more severe in 24V systems TM 9 • • • • • • • • A SmartPower device is a Power IC with some digital content. It interfaces between an MCU and a load. “eXtreme Switch” is Freescale’s brand name for high current “SmartPower”. The eXtremeSwitch limit of the load current is 2A-30A DC and 150A transient. Loads are mostly bulbs, but also DC motors, solenoids or submodules eXtremeSwitch devices are available for: 12V systems (45V technology): Lighting, “Main switch”, DC motor control 24V systems (65V technology): General purpose switch for trucks, buses and special engines A dual chip solution in a package is the most optimized (cost) for such current (so far). Technologies used are SmartMOS (SM8MV) + Vertical Power MOSFET (HD5→Lfet) + Package (PQFN → SOICep) • Control and protection circuitry includes: − − − 32-pin SOICep − 12 mm by 12 mm PQFN − − TM 10 Overload protection Multi-step overcurrent detection Short-circuit protection Over-temperature protection High-voltage survivability Under-voltage and over-voltage shutdown with hysteresis VPWR + Under voltage Over voltage SPI Fault Mgmt. Simplified Software Load Shorted to Battery Open load OFF – ON – LED Current sense high precision Over temp Automatic PWM Load short-circuit (100m) loads eXtreme Switch Module output short-circuit (20m) Ground loss Overload System Diagnostic Open load ON – OFF – LED Load Shorted to Battery Current sense TM Switch Protection Over temp Ground loss Reverse Battery 11 System Protection Over-under voltage Module output short-circuit Load short-circuit Overload 12V Family Devices Part Number # of Outputs and On-Resistance MC07XS3200EK MC10XS3425EK MC10XS3412DHFK MC10XS3435DHFK MC15XS3400DHFK MC35XS3400DHFK MC09XS3400AFK MC10XS3535HFK MC35XS3500HFK MC06XS3517AFK MC07XS6517EK MC17XS6500EK Dual 7mΩ Dual 10mΩ, Dual 25mΩ Dual 10mΩ, Dual 12mΩ Dual 10mΩ, Dual 35mΩ Quad 15mΩ Quad 35mΩ Quad 9mΩ Triple 10mΩ, Dual 35mΩ Penta 35mΩ Triple 6mΩ, Dual 17mΩ Triple 7mΩ, Dual 17mΩ Penta 17mΩ Total Outputs # Package Low High Operating Voltage Operating Voltage 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 32-pin SOICeP 32-pin SOICeP 24-pin PQFN 24-pin PQFN 24-pin PQFN 24-pin PQFN 24-pin PQFN 24-pin PQFN 24-pin PQFN 24-pin PQFN 54-pin SOICeP 32-pin SOICeP 6V 6V 6V 6V 6V 6V 6V 7V 7V 7V 7V 7V 20V 20V 20V 20V 20V 20V 20V 20V 20V 20V 18V 18V Pin to Pin Software Compatibility Compatibility - √ √ √ √ √ √ Status / Launch In production In Production In Production In Production In Production In Production In Production In Production In Production In Production Launch Q3 2013 Launch Q3 2013 24V Family Devices Part Number # of Outputs and On-Resistance MC06XS4200FK MC10XS4200FK MC20XS4200FK On-Resistance Dual 10mΩ Dual 20mΩ Total Outputs # Package Low High Operating Voltage Operating Voltage 2 2 2 23-pin PQFN 23-pin PQFN 23-pin PQFN 8V 8V 8V 36V 36V 36V Pin to Pin Software Compatibility Compatibility √ √ Status / Launch In production In Production In production Main Switch Devices Part Number # of Outputs and On-Resistance MC33981ABHFK MC33982CHFK MC33984CHFK MC33988CHFK Single 4mΩ, 60KHz Single 2mΩ Dual 4mΩ Dual 8mΩ Total Outputs # Package 1 1 2 2 16-pin PQFN 16-pin PQFN 16-pin PQFN 16-pin PQFN Low High Operating Voltage Operating Voltage 6V 6V 6V 6V 27V 27V 27V 27V Pin to Pin Software Compatibility Compatibility - - √ √ Extended operating voltage range: In extended mode, the functionality is guaranteed but not the electrical parameters specified 12V Products: 4.0 to 28V (vs. 6.0 to 20V) 24V Products: 6.0 to 58V (vs. 8.0 to 36V) TM 12 Status / Launch In production In production In production In production SP D 10 _24V Nickname ON-RESISTANCE 06 = 6mΩ 10 = 10mΩ 20 = 20mΩ SELF PROTECTED NUMBER OF OUTPUTS S = 1 OUTPUT (single) D = 2 OUTPUTS (dual) Q = 4 OUTPUTS (quad) P = 5 OUTPUTS (penta) Part Number MC 10 XS 4 2 00 FK / R2 TAPE AND REEL R2 TAPE AND REEL QUALIFICATION STATUS PC PRE-QUALIFICATION, ENGINEERING SAMPLES MC FULLY QUALIFIED SC CUSTOM DEVICE PACKAGE DESIGNATOR FK Pb FREE ON-RESISTANCE 06 = 6mΩ 10 = 10mΩ 20 = 20mΩ RESERVATION 00 NUMBER OF OUTPUTS 2 = 2 OUTPUTS (dual) 4 = 4 OUTPUTS (quad) 5 = 5 OUTPUTS (penta) FAMILY XS = eXtreme SWITCH TM FAMILY NUMBER 4 = 24V 13 eXtremeSwitch are optimized for High current loads starting from 15W eXtremeSwitch 12V are optimized for centralized modules and external lighting modules eSwitch Fit Bulb (W) And Partitioning Bulb type example 100% High Beam Low Beam Fog lamp eXtremeSwitch Flasher Stop Rear 20% Low End Low Feature TM 14 Repeater LED rear • eXtremeSwitches are capable of driving from Xenon HID module (High current) to 10W or LED module (Low current). • eXtremeSwitch Rdson is oversized for loads below 21W unless: The customer is looking for integration The customer is willing to have a single module capable of driving either LED (low current) or standard lamp (high current) on the same output Car options management TM 15 Protection Table Product Family Part Number Main Main Main Main 12V 12V 12V 12V 12V 12V 12V 12V 12V 12V 24V 24V 24V MC33981ABHFK / R2 MC33982CHFK / R2 MC33984CHFK / R2 MC33988CHFK / R2 MC07XS3200EK MC09XS3400AFK / R2 MC10XS3412DHFK / R2 MC10XS3425EK MC10XS3435DHFK / R2 MC15XS3400DHFK / R2 MC35XS3400DHFK / R2 MC06XS3517AFK / R2 MC10XS3535HFK / R2 MC35XS3500HFK / R2 MC06XS4200FK / R2 MC10XS4200FK / R2 MC20XS4200FK / R2 System Diagnostic Load Open load Shorted to ON-OFF-LED Battery A- AxAxAxxxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx xxx x-x x-x xxx xxx xxx Temperature pre-warning Flag Analog meas. I - T° - V x x x x x x x x x x x x x x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-xxxxx-xxxxxx- x x x x x x x x x x x x x x A = available with analog current measurement Intelligence • Protections, diagnostics SPI configurable TM Switch protection System Protection Overtemp Overtemp shutdown Ground loss hysteresis + time based retry Reverse batt. (w/ Flag) (w/ Flag) x x x x - x x x x x x x x x x x x x xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx Load dump Over / Under Voltage ECU output short circuit latchoff Load short circuit or overload latchoff 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 41 V 40 V 40 V 58 V 58 V 58 V xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x "X" Feature available "-" Feature not available intelligence & safety Safety • In case of MCU failure, device protects all the system • During system failure, Fail Safe mode can activate loads with full protection 16 Gen3 Gen3L Gen4 SPI interface for programmability, full diagnostics Full diagnostic, no real time fault mgt needed High power density Extremely low sleep state current Multi-step over current strategy with auto-restart Robust and reliable solution with failsafe operation Specific configuration for bulbs, HID, LED Easy PWM management, EMC optimized Embedded PWM function with optimized slew rates Outputs under fully control and protected in case of MCU damage External or Internal watchdog with failsafe management. LFET technology introduction significantly reduces on-resistance Higher over current thresholds to accommodate newest lamps Option for dual in SOIC with exposed thermal pad (EVL compliant) Intend for a complete and scalable family in term of software and footprint It provides diagnostics for light emitting diodes (LEDs) with an enhanced current sense precision with synchronization pin It combines flexibility through daisy chainable 5.0MHz SPI, extended digital and analog feedback, safety and robustness. It integrates an enhanced PWM module with 8 bits duty cycle capability and pre-scaler per output This family is packaged in a Pb-Free power-enhanced SOICep package with exposed pad and ELV compliant. TM 17 Scalable family of 22A/14V programmable penta high-side switches with wide range diagnostic current sensing and lowest Rdson for up to 30% smaller PCB and 50% lower component count • Differentiating Points − − − − − − • Robustness: Unique over-current latch-off protection, full digital and accurate analog diagnostics, and protection features with embedded failsafe mode Integration: 5 configurable low Rdson channels with daisy-chainable SPI Density: Thermally enhanced package for affordable high switch count modules with up to 30% lower power, 30% smaller PCB footprint and 50% fewer components Accuracy: Advanced current sensing over temperature and supply voltage range allowing accurate current monitoring from 25mA to 22A Scalability: Pin and SW driver compatible family Best thermal efficiency: Lowest Rdson in penta configuration Product Features − − − − − − − − − Penta 5x 17mW and penta 3x 7mW + 2x 17mW configurations Operating voltage range from 6 - 18 V with sleep current < 5.0 μA Flexible load management up to 11A, 22A with enhanced thermal management Enhanced output current sense (down to 25mA) with programmable synchronization signal, ±5°C temperature and ± 1% battery voltage feedback 5.0 MHz 16-bit daisy chainable SPI control Full diagnostic and protection including over-current profiles, outputON and –OFF open load detections, thermal shut-down, pre-warning, and fault reporting Individually programmable internal/external PWM signals with 8 bit duty cycle control Watchdog and failsafe mode External smart power switch control TM 18 Typical Applications Transportation o 12V Lighting from High beam to LEDs o Valves o DC motors Industrial o High current / highly inductive loads (solenoids) o DC motor control o Factory automation PLC VBAT 100nF VCC • Flexibility Xenon / LED / Halogen • Lighting: from 100Hz to 400Hz – DC motor: up to 1kHz • Individually programmable internal/external PWM clock signals with 8-bit PWM duty cycles. Power Supply Enhanced output current sense (down to 25mA) with programmable synchronization signal, ±5°C temperature and ± 1% battery voltage feedback OTW1 OTW2 CS OTS1 SPI • External smart power switch control • Compatible PCB foot print and SPI software driver among the family • Temperature Shut-down SPIF OC1 Fault Management OLON1 OLOFF1 Selectable Overcurrent Protection Selectable Openload Detection Selectable Current Sensing LIMP OUT1 IN1 Output Voltage Monitoring OUT1 OUT1 Channel IN2 PWM Module IN3 OUT2 Channel OUT2 IN4 VCC Wake OR RST OUT3 Channel OUT3 OUT4 OUT4Channel Channel OUT4 OUT5 Channel OUT5 Clock Failure Detection CLK 5k VCC CSNS SYNC\ CSNS 5k Selectable Delay VBAT_PROTECTED Selectable Analog Feedback OUT6 VBAT_PROTECTED Control die Temperature Monitoring Current sense precision resistor can be shared among many devices TM Thermal Prewarning Logic A to D Convertion Watchdog and failsafe mode Charge Pump Selectable Slope Control SI VCC • Battery Clamp SCLK Limp Home Control • OV SO Reference PWM Clock Channel round shaping for excellent EMC behavior Under-voltage Detection CPF Daisy chainable 16-bit 5MHz SPI control of over-current profiles, channel control including PWM duty-cycles, output-ON and -OFF open load detections, thermal shutdown and fault reporting • UVF Power-on Reset RST • Reverse Battery Protection VBAT_PROTECTED Vs Power channels Operating voltage range of 6.0 V to 18 V with sleep current < 5.0 μA VBAT Battery Voltage Monitoring GND 19 Smart Power Switch Drive • CP VCC CLKF Penta: 3x7m & 2x17m or Penta 5x17m SPI Control • 60.0 2 selectable peak thresholds 50.0 Current [A] 40.0 3 selectable slopes 30.0 Lamp current 4 selectable steady state thresholds 20.0 max 10.0 min 0.0 0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 Time [ms] Inrush phase TM DC mode 20 200.00 Features Benefits Lowest Rdson @ 7m /17m in thermally enhanced package Best thermal efficiency for 30% smaller footprint and best module longevity with 30% lower power dissipation Programmable dynamic threshold over-current and overtemperature detection limits Optimized fault protection Accurate temperature (±5°C) and synchronous / asynchronous current (±10%) sensing Advanced load diagnostics Compatible devices and flexible load management from high current (HID, 65W lamps) to low current LEDs Hardware reuse across multiple applications and quick-turn flexibility for tuning designs with ambiguous load requirement Programmable fault auto-retry Auto recovery for transient faults Watchdog and Protected output in failsafe mode Ready for an SIL-B compliant module design Selectable slew rate Optimize EMI vs efficiency tradeoff Individually programmable internal/external PWM signals Offloads MCU for software design simplicity & PPM reduction 5.0 V compatible 16-bit daisy chainable SPI control BOM component & cost savings by eliminating series SPI resistors between MCU and device TM 21 Scalable family of 22A/18V programmable penta high-side switches with wide range diagnostic current sensing and lowest Rdson for up to 30% smaller PCB and 50% lower component count Robustness Embedded intelligence and safety Integration Flexibility Lighter-weight, smaller systems Design re-use across multiple applications External or internal watchdog with fail safe management Embedded PWM module simplifies MCU interface Configurable over-current for different load types & sizes Multi-step configurable overcurrent latch protection Full diagnostics for multiple switches thru single SPI bus Embedded diagnostics & fault management simplifies SW Reduces wire harness size & increases protection Thermal efficient design enables smaller package Software & footprint compatibility family TM 22 Ex : 7mOhm 20% 15% 10% %error 5% Spec_max 0% Spec_min Out3 -5% Out3 -10% -15% with ACM mode with 2pt calibration -20% 0 TM 1 2 3 Load current (A) 23 4 5 6 Features Benefits Lowest Rdson @ 6/10/20 m in thermally enhanced package Best thermal efficiency for 30% smaller footprint and best module longevity with 30% lower power dissipation 3.3 / 5.0 V compatible 16-bit Daisy chainable SPI control BOM component & cost savings by eliminating series SPI resistors between MCU and device Compatible devices and flexible load management from 1 to 24A with possible parallel output operating modes Hardware reuse across multiple applications and quick-turn flexibility for tuning designs with ambiguous load requirement Programmable dynamic threshold over-current and overtemperature detection limits Optimized fault protection Programmable fault auto-retry Auto recovery for transient faults Full programmability and diagnostic capability through SPI Off loads real-time interrupt fault management from MCU, simplifying system hardware and software Accurate temperature (±5°C) and synchronous / asynchronous current (±10%) sensing Advanced load diagnostics Selectable slew rate Optimize EMI vs efficiency tradeoff Individually programmable internal/external PWM signals Offloads MCU for software design simplicity & PPM reduction TM 24 CONF bit = 1 Dynamic DC Motor over current protection profile activated CONF bit = 0 Static Bulb lamp overcurrent protection profile activated Static multi-stage over current protection profile protects lamps without shutting down the supply during inrush current Dynamic over current protection window protects DC motors without shutting down the supply during short stall-periods Activation by a turn-ON event Activation by I(load) > I(OCL) TM 25 Thermally efficient ultra-low Rdson 24A/36V dual high side switch family in a small package footprint with programmable fault protection Robustness Embedded intelligence and safety Integration Flexibility Lighter-weight, smaller systems Design re-use across multiple applications External or internal watchdog with fail safe management Embedded PWM module simplifies MCU interface Configurable over-current for different load types & sizes Multi-step configurable overcurrent latch protection Full diagnostics for multiple switches thru single SPI bus Embedded diagnostics & fault management simplifies SW Reduces wire harness size & increases protection Thermal efficient design enables smaller package Software & footprint compatibility family TM 26 Freescale’s External Web Site http://www.freescale.com/ Freescale’s Analog Web Site (useful pdf’s plus links to other sites) http://www.freescale.com/webapp/sps/site/homepage.jsp?code=ANALOGHOME About Freescale Analog Analog Technology Brochure (pdf) Analog Packaging Brochure (pdf) Analog Applications Brochure (pdf) Automotive Solutions Brochure (pdf) Analog Selector Guide (pdf) Automotive Selector Guide (pdf) SafeAssure Functional Safety Thermal Analysis of Semiconductor Systems (pdf) High Side Switches, including eSwitches (parametric search & datasheets) http://www.freescale.com/webapp/sps/site/taxonomy.jsp?nodeId=01435979968459 Analog Toolbox (Evaluation Kits, SPIGEN software, reference designs) http://www.freescale.com/zh-Hans/webapp/sps/site/overview.jsp?code=ANALOGTOOLBOX SPI Generator (SPIGen) Software http://www.freescale.com/webapp/sps/site/prod_summary.jsp?code=SPIGEN TM 27 • Evaluation kit (EVB kit) KIT06XS4200EVBE for the Dual 6 mOhm device KIT10XS4200EVBE for the Dual 10 mOhm device KIT20XS4200EVBE for the Dual 20 mOhm device PLACEHOLDER FOR IMAGE Right click this shape/ format shape/ 16-bit MCU S12G, 4 eXtreme Switch devices, CAN Physical Layer, 5V regulator Picture or texture fill/ File/browse to image • Reference design • Application notes and tools MC06XS4200 / MC10XS4200 / MC20XS4200 Datasheets AN2467: Power Quad Flat No-Lead (PQFN) Package AN3298: Solder Joint Temperature and Package Peak Temperature AN4516: IBIS Model File for Dual 24V High Side AN4474: EMC and Fast Transient Pulses Performances for Dual 24 V High Side AN4473: Compact Thermal Model for Dual 24V High Side Switch AN4515: Lifetime Computation for Dual 24V High Side AN4542: Repetitive Short-Circuit Performances for Dual 24V High Side Microsoft Excel© Thermal Calculator Cadence Orcad© Behavioral models TM 28 5V Power supply KIT06XS3400EVBE KITUSBSPIDGLEVME SPI communication 24V Power supply Load 1 PC via USB TM 29 Load 0 TM 30 AN4473 presents compact thermal models per each 24V device TM 31 AN4516 presents the Input/Output Buffer Information Specification (IBIS) model IBIS file contains the basic signal models for each type of signal of device: • For input buffers: Input's capacitance and static pullup/down currents • For output buffers: Output's capacitance, static/dynamic pull-up/down currents, propagation delay For Dual 24 V High Side Switch, the IBIS model contains descriptions of • 4 input buffers: CLOCK, SCLK, CSB, RSTB, SI, IN[0:1], CONF[0:1] pins • 4 output buffers: FSB, SO, FSB, SYNC pins • Package parasitic elements TM 32 AN2467 presents guidelines for printed circuit board design and assembly TM 33 Available Nov 2013 - 12V Intelligent High Side Switches - 24V Intelligent High Side Switches Interact, Explore, Create with Tower Geeks Online Community (www.towergeeks.org) Supported Software Design Resource: Processor Expert (MCU Driver Suite) TM 34 Available Nov 2013 - Voltage regulator with advanced functional safety features Join KINETIS channel partners strategy Avnet with WiGo Future with Intersil Arrow with Cloud Connect Supported Software Design Resource: Processor Expert (MCU Driver Suite) TM 35 Available Nov 2013 • Processor Expert − Provides • • Configuration of Whole Device − Configuration of targeted MCU / MPU / DSC − Configuration of components selected by user needed in application Code Generator − Able • features that fully support design time configuration to generate both: MCU Component Drivers code for any given configuration MCU Initialization code (application specific) Basic Element of the Processor Expert is Embedded Component − Components are seen as objects for customer fast enablement and ease-of-use TM 36 37 TM 37 The behavioral model manages concurrently the electrical and thermal aspects. It allows evaluation of a device’s thermal performance under various conditions: • Supply voltage • PCB design layout • Ambient temperature • eXtreme Switch device type changes • Parametric range steps (over-current level , under-voltage threshold) The prediction of junction temperature elevation is based on the computation of transient power dissipation on dedicated channel. The reciprocal influence of junction temperature and on-state resistance of channel is modeled. TM 38 TM 39 What is NOT included in the model? • Digital SPI control and diagnostic • Analog diagnostic • Reverse battery protection • EMC emission > 1MHz and susceptibility • Parasitic and second order effects • Aging Each model is flexible and ready for integration of models developed by final user, like loads, PCB, etc. TM 40 TM