Features • • • • • • • • Direct Supply from the Mains Current Consumption ≤0.5 mA Very Few External Components Full-wave Drive – No DC Current Component in the Load Circuit Negative Output Current Pulse Typically 100 mA – Short-circuit Protected Simple Power Control Ramp Generator Reference Voltage Applications • Full-wave Power Control • Temperature Regulation • Power Blinking Switch 1. Description Zero-voltage Switch with Adjustable Ramp T2117 The integrated circuit, T2117, is designed as a zero-voltage switch in bipolar technology. It is used to control resistive loads at mains by a triac in zero-crossing mode. A ramp generator allows power control function by period group control, whereas full-wave logic guarantees that full mains cycles are used for load switching. Rev. 4768B–INDCO–10/05 Figure 1-1. Block Diagram with Typical Circuit, Period Group Control 0 to 100% L D1 R2 220 kΩ (250 V~) 18 kΩ/ 2W R1 (Rsync) Load 1000 W -VS C2 R4 2 8 C1 5 100 kΩ 2.2 µF/ 10 V 1 7 Ramp generator Supply Synchronization GND R5 12 kΩ max 3 4 + + - 6 Pulse amplifier Comparator Reference voltage 1.4 V R6 VM = 230 V~ MT2 100 Ω Full-wave logic 100 kΩ min 100 µF/ 16 V MT1 R3 T2117 18 kΩ N 2. Pin Configuration Figure 2-1. Pinning DIP8/SO8 RAMP 1 CRAMP 2 8 VSYNC 7 GND T2117 Table 2-1. 2 POSIN 3 6 OUTPUT NEGIN 4 5 VS Pin Description Pin Symbol Function 1 RAMP 2 CRAMP Ramp capacitor 3 POSIN Non-inverting comparator input 4 NEGIN Inverting comparator input 5 VS 6 OUTPUT 7 GND 8 VSYNC Ramp output Supply voltage Trigger pulse output Ground Voltage synchronization T2117 4768B–INDCO–10/05 T2117 3. General Description The integrated circuit T2117 is a triac controller for zero-crossing mode. It is designed to control power in switching resistive loads of mains supplies. Information regarding synchronous supply is provided at pin 8 via resistor RSync. To avoid a DC load on the mains, the full-wave logic guarantees that complete mains cycles are used for load switching. A fire pulse is released when the inverting input of the comparator is negative (pin 4) with respect to the non-inverting input (pin 3) and internal reference voltage. A ramp generator with freely selectable duration can be performed by capacitor C2 at pin 2. The ramp function is used for open-loop control (Figure 3-2), but also for applications with proportional band regulation (Figure 10-3 on page 10). Ramp voltage available at capacitor C2 is decoupled across the emitter follower at pin 1. To maintain the lamp flicker specification, the ramp duration is adjusted according to the controlling load. One can use internal reference voltage for simple applications. In that case, pin 3 is inactive and connected to pin 7 (GND), see Figure 10-5 on page 12. Figure 3-1. Pin 1 Internal Network T2117 Ramp control 1 R4 2 C2 -VS Figure 3-2. Threshold Voltage of the Ramp at VS = -8.8 V t V1 Final voltage Vmin -1.6 V -7.6 V T Initial voltage Vmax 3 4768B–INDCO–10/05 4. Triac Firing Current (Pulse) This depends on the triac requirement. It can be limited by the gate series resistance which is calculated as follows: 7.5 V – V Gmax R Gmax ≈ ----------------------------------- – 36 Ω I Gmax I Gmax I P = -------------- × t p T where: VG = Gate voltage IGmax = Maximum gate current Ip = Average gate current tp = Firing pulse width T = Mains period duration 5. Firing Pulse Width tp This depends on the latching current of the triac and its load current. The firing pulse width is determined by the zero-crossing detection which can be influenced by the synchronous resistance, Rsync, (see Figure 5-2 on page 5). IL × VM 2 t p = --- arc. sin ⎛ -------------------⎞ ⎝ P 2 ⎠ ω where IL = Latching current of the triac VM = Mains supply, effective P = Load power The total current consumption is influenced by the firing pulse width which can be calculated as follows: R sync 4 tp V M 2 sin ⎛ ω × ----⎞ – 0.6 V ⎝ 2⎠ = ------------------------------------------------------------------ – 49 kΩ -5 3.5 × 10 A T2117 4768B–INDCO–10/05 T2117 Figure 5-1. Output Pulse Width 10.00 tp (ms) VMains = 230 V ~ 1.00 0.10 IL (mA) 200 100 50 0.01 10 Figure 5-2. 100 P (W) 1000 10000 Synchronization Resistance 2000 VMains = 230 V ~ Rsync (kΩ) 1600 1200 800 400 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 tp (µs) 5 4768B–INDCO–10/05 6. Supply Voltage The T2117 contains a voltage limiting funtion and can be connected with the mains supply via the diode D1 and the resistor R1. The supply voltage between pin 5 and 7 is limited to a typical value of 9.5 V. The series resistance R1 can be calculated as follows (Figure 6-1 on page 6 and Figure 6-2 on page 7): 2 V Mmin – V Smax ( VM – VS ) R 1max = 0.85 ------------------------------------- ; P (R1) = ---------------------------2 I tot 2 R1 Itot = IS + IP + Ix where VM = Mains voltage VS = Limiting voltage of the IC Itot = Total current consumption IS = Current requirement of the IC (without load) Ix = Current requirement of other peripheral components P(R1) = Power dissipation at R1 Figure 6-1. Maximum Resistance of R1 50 VMains = 230 V~ R1 (kΩ) 40 30 20 10 0 0 6 3 6 9 Itot (mA) 12 15 T2117 4768B–INDCO–10/05 T2117 Figure 6-2. Power Dissipation of R1 According to Current Consumption 6 VMains = 230 V ~ 5 PR1 (W) 4 3 2 1 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 Itot (mA) 7. Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Parameters Pin Symbol Value Unit Supply current 5 -IS 30 mA Synchrounous current 8 Isync 5 mA 1 IO 3 mA 1, 3, 4, 6 2 8 -VI -VI ±VI ≤VS 2 to VS ≤7.3 V V V Ptot Ptot 400 125 mW mW Tj 125 °C Operating ambient temperature range Tamb 0 to 100 °C Storage temperature range Tstg -40 to +125 °C Symbol Value Unit Junction ambient SO8 RthJA 200 K/W Junction ambient DIP8 RthJA 110 K/W Output current ramp generator Input voltages Power dissipation Tamb = 45° C Tamb = 100° C Junction temperature 8. Thermal Resistance Parameters 7 4768B–INDCO–10/05 9. Electrical Characteristics -VS = 8.8 V, Tamb = 25° C, reference point pin 7, unless otherwise specified Parameters Test Conditions Pin Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Supply-voltage limitation -IS = 1 mA -IS = 10 mA 5 -VS -VS 9.0 9.1 9.5 9.6 10.0 10.1 V V 5 -IS 500 µA 8 ±VI 7.7 8.7 V Synchronization current 8 ±Isync 0.12 Zero detector 8 ±Isync 35 µA 260 460 µs µs Supply current Voltage limitation I8 = ±1 mA 8.2 mA Output pulse width VM= 230 V ~ Rsync = 220 kΩ Rsync = 470 kΩ 6 6 tP tP Output pulse current V6 = 0 V 6 -IO 3, 4 ±VI0 15 mV 4 IIB 1 µA 3, 4 -VIC (VS - 1) V 4 -VRef 1.4 V 1 T 1.5 s 1 -V1 1.2 1.6 2.0 V 1 -V1 7.2 7.6 8.0 V 2 -I2 14 20 26 µA 100 mA Comparator Input offset voltage Input bias current Common-mode input voltage Threshold internal reference V3 = 0 V 1 Ramp Generator, Figure 1-1 on page 2 -IS = 1 mA Isync = 1 mA C1 = 100 µF C2 = 2.2 µF R4 = 100 kΩ Period Final voltage Initial voltage Charge current 8 V2 = -VS, I8 = -1 mA T2117 4768B–INDCO–10/05 T2117 10. Applications Figure 10-1. Power Blinking Switch with f ≈ 2.7 Hz, Duty Cycle 1:1, Power Range 0.5 to 2.2 kW L 0.5 ... 2.2 kW 270 kΩ 100 nF/ 250 V ~ VM = 230 V ~ N 18 kΩ/ 1.5 W 56 Ω 82 Ω 8 7 6 5 T2117 1 150 kΩ 47 µF/ 16V 2 3 4 110 kΩ 0.47 µF/ 10 V 9 4768B–INDCO–10/05 Figure 10-2. Power Switch L RL Load 270 kΩ VM = 230 V ~ 18 kΩ 56 Ω N 1.5 W VDR +5 V 8 6 7 5 T2117 1 2 3 4 47 µF/ 10 V 56 kΩ II ≥ 1.5 mA 39 kΩ VI Figure 10-3. Temperature Control 15° C to 35° C with Sensor Monitoring 2.2 µF/ 10 V R8 R4 470 kΩ 1 NTC B value = 3988 R(25) R6 100 kΩ 100 kΩ R2 (250 V~) (Rsync) Ramp generator 8 R7 220 kΩ 5 Load 1000 W C1 VM = 230 V~ 7 Synchronization 3 + + - Supply 6 100 Ω Full-wave logic Comparator 150 Ω Rp 18 kΩ/ 2W R1 R5(1) 4 R9 220 kΩ 2 100 kΩ L D1 C2 Reference voltage 1.4 V Pulse amplifier R3 T2117 130 kΩ N R(25) = 100 kΩ/B = 3988 --> R(15) = 159 kΩ, R(35) = 64.5 kΩ, R5(1) determines the proportional range. 10 T2117 4768B–INDCO–10/05 T2117 Figure 10-4. Room Temperature Control with Definite Reduction (Remote Control) for a Temperature Range of 5 to 30°C -∆T L Load R1 0.35 ... 1.5 kW R4 510 kΩ 680 kΩ R5 VM = 230 V ~ 680 kΩ R2 R3 13 kΩ/2 W 62 Ω IH = 50 mA N 8 7 6 R16 5 220 kΩ R6 T2117 9.1 kΩ R7 1 R10 2 3 12 kΩ 4 R15 C3 910 kΩ R9 25 kΩ 10 nF C1 NTC 12 kΩ C5 100 µF/ C4 12 V 47 µF 2.2 µF 33 kΩ R8 56 kΩ C2 1 µF 11 4768B–INDCO–10/05 Figure 10-5. Two-point Temperature Control for a Temperature Range of 15° C to 30° C L 220 kΩ Load/1000 W VM = 230 V ~ 18 kΩ/ 1.5 W VDR 56 Ω N 8 7 6 5 220 kΩ (680 kΩ) T2117 1 2 3 4 10 nF 68 µF/ 10 V 12 500 kΩ (2 MΩ) 50 kΩ (200 kΩ) NTC T2117 4768B–INDCO–10/05 T2117 Figure 10-6. Two-point Temperature Control for a Temperature of 18° C to 32° C and a Hysteresis of ±0.5° C at 25° C L D1 Rsync Load/400 Ω 430 kΩ VM = 230 V~ R1 18 kΩ/ 1.5 W 92 Ω N R3 8 6 7 5 NTC 200 kΩ T2117 D2 1 2 3 4 R6 R15 50 kΩ 27 kΩ 330 kΩ R4 39 kΩ R5 R7 C2 8.2 kΩ C3 33 µF/ 10 V 150 nF C1 ≥ 68 µF/ 10 V 11. Ordering Information Extended Type Number Package Remarks T2117-3ASY DIP8 Tube, Pb-free T2117-TASY SO8 Tube, Pb-free T2117-TAQY SO8 Taped and reeled, Pb-free 13 4768B–INDCO–10/05 12. Package Information P a c k a g e D IP 8 D im e n s io n s in m m 7 .7 7 7 .4 7 9 .8 9 .5 1 .6 4 1 .4 4 4 .8 m a x 6 .4 m a x 0 .5 m in 0 .5 8 0 .4 8 3 .3 0 .3 6 m a x 9 .8 8 .2 2 .5 4 7 .6 2 8 5 te c h n ic a l d ra w in g s a c c o rd in g to D IN s p e c ific a tio n s 1 4 Package SO8 Dimensions in mm 5.2 4.8 5.00 4.85 3.7 1.4 0.25 0.10 0.4 1.27 6.15 5.85 3.81 8 0.2 3.8 5 technical drawings according to DIN specifications 1 14 4 T2117 4768B–INDCO–10/05 T2117 13. Revision History Please note that the following page numbers referred to in this section refer to the specific revision mentioned, not to this document. Revision No. History 4768B-INDCO-08/05 • Put datasheet in a new template • First page: Pb-free logo added • Page 13: Ordering Information changed 15 4768B–INDCO–10/05 Atmel Corporation 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131, USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 487-2600 Regional Headquarters Europe Atmel Sarl Route des Arsenaux 41 Case Postale 80 CH-1705 Fribourg Switzerland Tel: (41) 26-426-5555 Fax: (41) 26-426-5500 Asia Room 1219 Chinachem Golden Plaza 77 Mody Road Tsimshatsui East Kowloon Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2721-9778 Fax: (852) 2722-1369 Japan 9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg. 1-24-8 Shinkawa Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033 Japan Tel: (81) 3-3523-3551 Fax: (81) 3-3523-7581 Atmel Operations Memory 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131, USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 436-4314 RF/Automotive Theresienstrasse 2 Postfach 3535 74025 Heilbronn, Germany Tel: (49) 71-31-67-0 Fax: (49) 71-31-67-2340 Microcontrollers 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131, USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 436-4314 La Chantrerie BP 70602 44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France Tel: (33) 2-40-18-18-18 Fax: (33) 2-40-18-19-60 ASIC/ASSP/Smart Cards 1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. 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