1500 MHz to 2500 MHz Quadrature Modulator ADL5372 FEATURES Output frequency range: 1500 MHz to 2500 MHz Modulation bandwidth: >500 MHz (3 dB) 1 dB output compression: 14 dBm @ 1900 MHz Noise floor: −158 dBm/Hz Sideband suppression: −45 dBc @ 1900 MHz Carrier feedthrough: −45 dBm @ 1900 MHz Single supply: 4.75 V to 5.25 V 24-lead LFCSP_VQ FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM IBBP IBBN LOIP LOIN QUADRATURE PHASE SPLITTER VOUT APPLICATIONS Cellular communication systems CDMA2000/GSM/WCDMA WiMAX/broadband wireless access systems Satellite modems 06511-001 QBBN QBBP Figure 1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION The ADL5372 is a member of the fixed-gain quadrature modulator (F-MOD) family designed for use from 1500 MHz to 2500 MHz. Its excellent phase accuracy and amplitude balance enable high performance intermediate frequency or direct radio frequency modulation for communication systems. The ADL5372 provides a >500 MHz, 3 dB baseband bandwidth, making it ideally suited for use in broadband zero IF or low IF-to-RF applications and in broadband digital predistortion transmitters. The ADL5372 accepts two differential baseband inputs and a single-ended, local oscillator (LO) and generates a singleended output. The ADL5372 is fabricated using the Analog Devices, Inc. advanced silicon-germanium bipolar process. It is available in a 24-lead, exposed-paddle, Pb-free, LFCSP. Performance is specified over a −40°C to +85°C temperature range. A Pb-free evaluation board is available. Rev. 0 Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use. Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781.329.4700 www.analog.com Fax: 781.461.3113 ©2006 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. ADL5372 TABLE OF CONTENTS Features .............................................................................................. 1 DAC Modulator Interfacing ..................................................... 14 Applications....................................................................................... 1 Limiting the AC Swing .............................................................. 14 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Filtering........................................................................................ 14 General Description ......................................................................... 1 Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Using the AD9779 Auxiliary DAC for Carrier Feedthrough Nulling ......................................................................................... 15 Specifications..................................................................................... 3 GSM Operation .......................................................................... 15 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 5 WCDMA Operation .................................................................. 16 ESD Caution.................................................................................. 5 WiMAX Operation .................................................................... 16 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 6 LO Generation Using PLLs ....................................................... 16 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 7 Transmit DAC Options ............................................................. 17 Theory of Operation ...................................................................... 11 Modulator/Demodulator Options ........................................... 17 Circuit Description..................................................................... 11 Evaluation Board ............................................................................ 18 Basic Connections .......................................................................... 12 Characterization Setup .................................................................. 19 Optimization ............................................................................... 13 Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 21 Applications Information .............................................................. 14 Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 21 REVISION HISTORY 12/06—Revision 0: Initial Version Rev. 0 | Page 2 of 24 ADL5372 SPECIFICATIONS VS = 5 V; TA = 25°C; LO = 0 dBm 1 single-ended; baseband I/Q amplitude = 1.4 V p-p differential sine waves in quadrature with a 500 mV dc bias; baseband I/Q frequency (fBB) = 1 MHz, unless otherwise noted. Table 1. Parameter OPERATING FREQUENCY RANGE LO = 1900 MHz Output Power Output P1dB Carrier Feedthrough Sideband Suppression Quadrature Error I/Q Amplitude Balance Second Harmonic Third Harmonic Output IP2 Output IP3 Noise Floor GSM WCDMA LO = 2150 MHz Output Power OutputP1dB Carrier Feedthrough Sideband Suppression Quadrature Error I/Q Amplitude Balance Second Harmonic Third Harmonic Output IP2 Output IP3 Noise Floor WCDMA LO = 2400 MHz Output Power OutputP1dB Carrier Feedthrough Sideband Suppression Quadrature Error I/Q Amplitude Balance Second Harmonic Third Harmonic Output IP2 Output IP3 Noise Floor WiMAX Conditions Low frequency High frequency Min VIQ = 1.4 V p-p differential POUT − (fLO + (2 × fBB)), POUT = 6.2 dBm POUT − (fLO + (3 × fBB)), POUT = 6.2 dBm f1BB = 3.5 MHz, f2BB = 4.5 MHz, POUT = 1 dBm per tone f1BB = 3.5 MHz, f2BB = 4.5 MHz, POUT = 1 dBm per tone I/Q inputs = 0 V differential with a 500 mV common-mode bias, 20 MHz carrier offset; LO = 1960 MHz 6 MHz carrier offset, POUT = 5 dBm, PLO = 6 dBm; LO = 1960 MHz Single carrier, 20 MHz carrier offset, POUT = −10 dBm, PLO = 0 dBm; LO = 1966 MHz VIQ = 1.4 V p-p differential POUT − (fLO + (2 × fBB)), POUT = 6.2 dBm POUT − (fLO + (3 × fBB)), POUT = 6.2 dBm f1BB = 3.5 MHz, f2BB = 4.5 MHz, POUT = 1 dBm per tone f1BB = 3.5 MHz, f2BB = 4.5 MHz, POUT = 1 dBm per tone I/Q inputs = 0 V differential with a 500 mV common-mode bias, 20 MHz carrier offset Single carrier, 20 MHz carrier offset, POUT = −10 dBm, PLO = 0 dBm; LO = 2140 MHz VIQ = 1.4 V p-p differential POUT − (fLO + (2 × fBB)), POUT = 6.2 dBm POUT − (fLO + (3 × fBB)), POUT = 6.2 dBm f1BB = 3.5 MHz, f2BB = 4.5 MHz, POUT = 1 dBm per tone f1BB = 3.5 MHz, f2BB = 4.5 MHz, POUT = 1 dBm per tone I/Q inputs = 0 V differential with a 500 mV common-mode bias, 20 MHz carrier offset; LO = 2350 MHz 10 MHz carrier bandwidth (256 subcarriers), 64 QAM signal, 70 MHz carrier offset, POUT = −10 dBm, PLO = 0 dBm; LO = 2350 MHz Rev. 0 | Page 3 of 24 Typ 1500 2500 Max Unit MHz MHz 7.1 14.2 −45 −45 0.21 0.09 −50 −47 54 27 −158 dBm dBm dBm dBc Degrees dB dBc dBc dBm dBm dBm/Hz −158 −157.6 dBc/Hz dBm/Hz 7.2 14 −41 −44 0.27 0.12 −59 −48 65 26.5 −158 dBm dBm dBm dBc Degrees dB dBc dBc dBm dBm dBm/Hz −157.5 dBm/Hz 5.6 12.4 −36 −40 0.6 0.13 −54 −48 57 24.5 −158.5 dBm dBm dBm dBc Degrees dB dBc dBc dBm dBm dBm/Hz −158 dBm/Hz ADL5372 Parameter LO INPUTS LO Drive Level1 Input Return Loss BASEBAND INPUTS I and Q Input Bias Level Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Differential Input Impedance Bandwidth (0.1 dB) Bandwidth (1 dB) POWER SUPPLIES Voltage Supply Current 1 2 Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Characterization performed at typical level See Figure 9 for a plot of return loss vs. frequency Pin IBBP, Pin IBBN, Pin QBBP, Pin QBBN −6 0 −12 +6 dBm dB 500 45 0.1 2900 70 350 Current sourcing from each baseband input with a bias of 500 mV dc 2 LO = 1900 MHz, baseband input = 700 mV p-p sine wave on 500 mV dc LO = 1900 MHz, baseband input = 700 mV p-p sine wave on 500 mV dc Pin VPS1 and Pin VPS2 4.75 5.25 165 High LO drive reduces noise at a 6 MHz carrier offset in GSM applications. See V-to-I Converter section for architecture information. Rev. 0 | Page 4 of 24 mV μA μA kΩ MHz MHz V mA ADL5372 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. Parameter Supply Voltage VPOS IBBP, IBBN, QBBP, QBBN LOIP and LOIN Internal Power Dissipation θJA (Exposed Paddle Soldered Down) Maximum Junction Temperature Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Rating 5.5 V 0 V to 2 V 13 dBm 1100 mW 54°C/W 150°C −40°C to +85°C −65°C to +150°C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ESD CAUTION Rev. 0 | Page 5 of 24 ADL5372 24 23 22 21 20 19 QBBP QBBN COM4 COM4 IBBN IBBP PIN CONFIGURATION AND FUNCTION DESCRIPTIONS F-MOD TOP VIEW (Not to Scale) 18 17 16 15 14 13 VPS5 VPS4 VPS3 VPS2 VPS2 VOUT 06511-002 1 2 3 4 5 6 COM2 7 LOIP 8 LOIN 9 COM2 10 COM3 11 COM3 12 COM1 COM1 VPS1 VPS1 VPS1 VPS1 Figure 2. Pin Configuration Table 3. Pin Function Descriptions Pin No. 1, 2, 7, 10 to 12, 21, 22 3 to 6, 14 to 18 Mnemonic COM1 to COM4 Description Input Common Pins. Connect to ground plane via a low impedance path. VPS1 to VPS5 8, 9 LOIP, LOIN 13 VOUT 19, 20, 23, 24 IBBP, IBBN, QBBN, QBBP Positive Supply Voltage Pins. All pins should be connected to the same supply (VS). To ensure adequate external bypassing, connect 0.1 μF capacitors between each pin and ground. Adjacent power supply pins of the same name can share one capacitor (see Figure 25). 50 Ω Single-Ended Local Oscillator Input. Internally dc-biased. Pins must be ac-coupled. AC-couple LOIN to ground and drive LO through LOIP. Device Output. Single-ended RF output. Pin should be ac-coupled to the load. The output is ground referenced. Differential In-Phase and Quadrature Baseband Inputs. These high impedance inputs must be dc-biased to 500 mV dc and must be driven from a low impedance source. Nominal characterized ac signal swing is 700 mV p-p on each pin. This results in a differential drive of 1.4 V p-p with a 500 mV dc bias. These inputs are not self-biased and must be externally biased. Connect to ground plane via a low impedance path. Exposed Paddle Rev. 0 | Page 6 of 24 ADL5372 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS VS = 5 V; TA = 25°C; LO = 0 dBm single-ended; baseband I/Q amplitude = 1.4 V p-p differential sine waves in quadrature with a 500 mV dc bias; baseband I/Q frequency (fBB) = 1 MHz, unless otherwise noted. 16 9 8 OUTPUT P1dB (dBm) 12 6 TA = +25°C 5 TA = +85°C 4 3 TA = +25°C 10 TA = +85°C 8 6 1 2 0 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 0 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) LO FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 6. SSB Output P1dB Compression Point (OP1dB) vs. fLO and Temperature 16 9 VS = 5V 8 VS = 5V 14 7 OUTPUT P1dB (dBm) 12 6 5 VS = 5.25V VS = 4.75V 4 3 VS = 5.25V VS = 4.75V 10 8 6 2 0 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 0 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 06511-004 1 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 7. SSB Output P1dB Compression Point (OP1dB) vs. fLO and Supply Figure 4. Single Sideband (SSB) Output Power (POUT) vs. LO Frequency (fLO) and Supply 90 5 60 1500MHz S11 OF LOIP S22 OF OUTPUT 150 30 0 180 0 2500MHz 1500MHz 2500MHz 330 210 100 1000 240 300 270 Figure 8. Smith Chart of LOIP S11 and VOUT S22 (fLO from 1600 MHz to 2500 MHz) Figure 5. I and Q Input Bandwidth Normalized to Gain @ 1 MHz (fLO = 1900 MHz) Rev. 0 | Page 7 of 24 06511-043 10 BASEBAND FREQUENCY (MHz) 06511-005 OUTPUT POWER VARIANCE (dB) 120 1 06511-007 4 2 –5 06511-006 4 2 06511-003 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 7 Figure 3. Single Sideband (SSB) Output Power (POUT) vs. LO Frequency (fLO) and Temperature SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) TA = –40°C 14 TA = –40°C ADL5372 0 –10 –15 –20 –10 –20 –30 TA = –40°C –40 –50 TA = +85°C TA = +25°C LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 06511-009 –25 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 –60 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 12. Sideband Suppression vs. fLO and Temperature Multiple Devices Shown 0 0 –10 –10 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) –20 TA = –40°C –40 –50 –60 TA = +25°C –70 –60 –70 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 13. Sideband Suppression vs. fLO and Temperature after Nulling at 25°C Multiple Devices Shown Figure 10. Carrier Feedthrough vs. fLO and Temperature Multiple Devices Shown 0 SECOND-ORDER DISTORTION, THIRD-ORDER DISTORTION, CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH, SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION –20 –10 –20 TA = +85°C TA = –40°C –40 –50 –60 –70 TA = +25°C –90 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) –30 15 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) 10 5 –40 0 –50 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) –5 –60 SECOND ORDER (dBc) –10 –70 THIRD ORDER (dBc) –80 06511-040 CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) –50 TA = –40°C TA = +25°C –90 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 06511-010 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) –80 –40 –80 –80 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 –30 TA = +85°C –30 06511-041 –30 TA = +85°C –20 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) Figure 9. Return Loss (S11) of LOIP 0.2 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 –15 3.4 BASEBAND INPUT VOLTAGE (V p–p) Figure 11. Carrier Feedthrough vs. fLO and Temperature after Nulling at 25°C Multiple Devices Shown Figure 14. Second- and Third-Order Distortion, Carrier Feedthrough, Sideband Suppression, and SSB POUT vs. Baseband Differential Input Level (fLO = 1900 MHz) Rev. 0 | Page 8 of 24 06511-014 RETURN LOSS (dB) –5 06511-012 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) 0 ADL5372 15 30 –40 5 –50 0 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) THIRD ORDER (dBc) –60 SECOND ORDER (dBc) –70 0.6 1.0 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 –15 3.4 BASEBAND INPUT VOLTAGE (V p-p) 15 10 5 0 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 15. Second- and Third-Order Distortion, Carrier Feedthrough, Sideband Suppression, and SSB POUT vs. Baseband Differential Input Level (fLO = 2150 MHz) Figure 18. OIP3 vs. Frequency and Temperature THIRD ORDER TA = +25°C –30 THIRD ORDER TA = +85°C THIRD ORDER TA = –40°C –50 –60 –70 SECOND ORDER TA = +85°C SECOND ORDER TA = –40°C SECOND ORDER TA = +25°C –80 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 60 50 40 20 10 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 6 THIRD ORDER (dBc) –45 5.5 –50 5 CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) –55 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 6.5 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) 4.5 SECOND ORDER (dBc) –60 1M 10M BASEBAND FREQUENCY (Hz) 4 100M SECOND-ORDER DISTORTION, THIRD-ORDER DISTORTION, CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH, SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION –20 Figure 17. Second- and Third-Order Distortion, Carrier Feedthrough, Sideband Suppression, and SSB POUT vs. fBB and Temperature (fLO = 1900 MHz) 8 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) –30 –40 7 CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) 6 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) –50 5 THIRD ORDER (dBc) SECOND ORDER (dBc) –60 –70 –6 06511-017 SECOND-ORDER DISTORTION, THIRD-ORDER DISTORTION, CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH, SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION 7 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) –35 –40 Figure 19. OIP2 vs. Frequency and Temperature 7.5 –30 TA = –40°C 0 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 8 –25 TA = +85°C 30 Figure 16. Second- and Third-Order Distortion vs. fLO and Temperature (Baseband I/Q Amplitude = 1.4 V p-p Differential) –20 TA = +25°C 70 06511-019 OUTPUT SECOND-ORDER INTERCEPT (dBm) 80 06511-016 SECOND-ORDER AND THIRD-ORDER DISTORTION (dBc) –20 –40 TA = +85°C TA = –40°C 4 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 0.2 –10 TA = +25°C 20 3 LO AMPLITUDE (dBm) Figure 20. Second- and Third-Order Distortion, Carrier Feedthrough, Sideband Suppression, and SSB POUT vs. LO Amplitude (fLO = 1900 MHz) Rev. 0 | Page 9 of 24 06511-020 –80 –5 25 06511-018 10 CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) –30 OUTPUT THIRD-ORDER INTERCEPT (dBm) SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 06511-015 SECOND-ORDER DISTORTION, THIRD-ORDER DISTORTION, CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH, SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION –20 ADL5372 22 fLO = 1960MHz 20 8 SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 16 CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) 7 14 6 –40 –50 5 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) –60 THIRD ORDER (dBc) 4 SECOND ORDER (dBc) QUANTITY SSB OUTPUT POWER (dBm) –30 18 10 6 4 2 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 LO AMPLITUDE (dBm) Figure 21. Second- and Third-Order Distortion, Carrier Feedthrough, Sideband Suppression, and SSB POUT vs. LO Amplitude (fLO = 2150 MHz) 0.20 0.19 0.18 VS = 5.25V 0.17 VS = 5V 0.16 VS = 4.75V 0.15 0.14 0.13 0.12 0.10 –40 –15 10 35 60 TEMPERATURE (°C) 85 06511-042 0.11 Figure 22. Power Supply Current vs. Temperature Rev. 0 | Page 10 of 24 NOISE AT 20MHz OFFSET (dBm/Hz) –157.1 –157.3 –157.5 –157.7 –157.9 –158.1 –158.3 –158.5 –158.7 –158.9 3 06511-023 –6 –159.1 0 –70 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 12 8 06511-021 SECOND-ORDER DISTORTION, THIRD-ORDER DISTORTION, CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH, SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION –20 Figure 23. 20 MHz Offset Noise Floor Distribution at fLO = 1960 MHz (I/Q Amplitude = 0 mV p-p with 500 mV dc Bias) ADL5372 THEORY OF OPERATION CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION V-to-I Converter Overview The differential baseband inputs (QBBP, QBBN, IBBN, and IBBP) consist of the bases of PNP transistors, which present a high impedance. The voltages applied to these pins drive the V-to-I stage that converts baseband voltages into currents. The differential output currents of the V-to-I stages feed each of their respective Gilbert-cell mixers. The dc common-mode voltage at the baseband inputs sets the currents in the two mixer cores. Varying the baseband common-mode voltage influences the current in the mixer and affects overall modulator performance. The recommended dc voltage for the baseband common-mode voltage is 500 mV dc. The ADL5372 can be divided into five circuit blocks: the LO interface, the baseband voltage-to-current (V-to-I) converter, the mixers, the differential-to-single-ended (D-to-S) stage, and the bias circuit. A detailed block diagram of the device is shown in Figure 24. LOIP LOIN PHASE SPLITTER Mixers IBBP IBBN Σ 06511-024 QBBP OUT QBBN Figure 24. Block Diagram The LO interface generates two LO signals in quadrature. These signals are used to drive the mixers. The I and Q baseband input signals are converted to currents by the V-to-I stages, which then drive the two mixers. The outputs of these mixers combine to feed the output balun, which provides a single-ended output. The bias cell generates reference currents for the V-to-I stage. LO Interface The LO interface consists of a polyphase quadrature splitter followed by a limiting amplifier. The LO input impedance is set by the polyphase. The LO can be driven either single-ended or differentially. When driven single-ended, the LOIN pin should be ac grounded via a capacitor. Each quadrature LO signal then passes through a limiting amplifier that provides the mixer with a limited drive signal. The ADL5372 has two double-balanced mixers: one for the in-phase channel (I-channel) and one for the quadrature channel (Q-channel). Both mixers are based on the Gilbert-cell design of four cross-connected transistors. The output currents from the two mixers sum together into a load. The signal developed across this load is used to drive the D-to-S stage. D-to-S Stage The output D-to-S stage consists of an on-chip balun that converts the differential signal to a single-ended signal. The balun presents high impedance to the output (VOUT). Hence, a matching network may be needed at the output for optimal power transfer. Bias Circuit An on-chip band gap reference circuit is used to generate a proportional-to-absolute temperature (PTAT) reference current for the V-to-I stage. Rev. 0 | Page 11 of 24 ADL5372 BASIC CONNECTIONS Baseband Inputs Figure 25 shows the basic connections for the ADL5372. IBBP The baseband inputs QBBP, QBBN, IBBP, and IBBN must be driven from a differential source. The nominal drive level of 1.4 V p-p differential (700 mV p-p on each pin) should be biased to a common-mode level of 500 mV dc. The dc common-mode bias level for the baseband inputs may range from 400 mV to 600 mV. This results in a reduction in the usable input ac swing range. The nominal dc bias of 500 mV allows for the largest ac swing, limited on the bottom end by the ADL5372 input range and on the top end by the output compliance range on most DACs from Analog Devices. C16 0.1µF 19 IBBP 20 IBBN IBBN 21 COM4 QBBN 22 COM4 24 QBBP QBBN 23 QBBP VPOS C15 0.1µF COM1 1 COM1 2 VPS1 3 VPS1 4 VPS1 VPS1 18 Z1 F-MOD 17 16 5 EXPOSED PADDLE 6 C12 0.1µF VPS5 VPS2 14 VPS2 VOUT A single-ended LO signal should be applied to the LOIP pin through an ac coupling capacitor. The recommended LO drive power is 0 dBm. The LO return pin, LOIN, should be ac-coupled to ground through a low impedance path. VPOS C11 OPEN VOUT 12 C13 0.1µF COM3 10 11 COM3 COM2 9 LOIN 8 LOIP 7 COUT 100pF COM2 C14 0.1µF VPS3 15 13 LO Input VPS4 GND CLON 100pF LO 06511-025 CLOP 100pF Figure 25. Basic Connections for the ADL5372 Power Supply and Grounding All the VPS pins must be connected to the same 5 V source. Adjacent pins of the same name can be tied together and decoupled with a 0.1 μF capacitor. These capacitors should be located as close as possible to the device. The power supply can range between 4.75 V and 5.25 V. The COM1 pin, COM2 pin, COM3 pin, and COM4 pin should be tied to the same ground plane through low impedance paths. The exposed paddle on the underside of the package should also be soldered to a low thermal and electrical impedance ground plane. If the ground plane spans multiple layers on the circuit board, they should be stitched together with nine vias under the exposed paddle. The Application Note AN-772 discusses the thermal and electrical grounding of the LFCSP in detail. The nominal LO drive of 0 dBm can be increased to up to 6 dBm to realize an improvement in the noise performance of the modulator. This improvement is tempered by degradation in the sideband suppression performance (see Figure 20) and, therefore, should be used judiciously. If the LO source cannot provide the 0 dBm level, then operation at a reduced power below 0 dBm is acceptable. Reduced LO drive results in slightly increased modulator noise. The effect of LO power on sideband suppression and carrier feedthrough is shown in Figure 20. The effect of LO power on GSM noise is shown in Figure 35. RF Output The RF output is available at the VOUT pin (Pin 13). The VOUT pin connects to an internal balun, which is capable of driving a 50 Ω load. For applications requiring 50 Ω output impedance, external matching is needed (see Figure 8 for S22 performance). The internal balun provides a low dc path to ground. In most situations, the VOUT pin should be ac-coupled to the load. Rev. 0 | Page 12 of 24 ADL5372 OPTIMIZATION The carrier feedthrough and sideband suppression performance of the ADL5372 can be improved by using optimization techniques. It is often desirable to perform a one-time carrier null calibration. This is usually performed at a single frequency. Figure 27 shows how carrier feedthrough varies with LO frequency over a range of ±50 MHz on either side of a null at 1900 MHz. –30 Carrier Feedthrough Nulling –60 CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) –35 –40 –45 –50 –55 –60 –65 –70 –75 –80 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 LO FREQUENCY (MHz) 06511-022 Carrier feedthrough results from minute dc offsets that occur between each of the differential baseband inputs. In an ideal modulator, the quantities (VIOPP − VIOPN) and (VQOPP − VQOPN) are equal to zero, which results in no carrier feedthrough. In a real modulator, those two quantities are nonzero; and, when mixed with the LO, they result in a finite amount of carrier feedthrough. The ADL5372 is designed to provide a minimal amount of carrier feedthrough. Should even lower carrier feedthrough levels be required, minor adjustments can be made to the (VIOPP − VIOPN) and (VQOPP − VQOPN) offsets. The I-channel offset is held constant while the Q-channel offset is varied until a minimum carrier feedthrough level is obtained. The Q-channel offset required to achieve this minimum is held constant, while the offset on the I-channel is adjusted until a new minimum is reached. Through two iterations of this process, the carrier feedthrough can be reduced to as low as the output noise. The ability to null is sometimes limited by the resolution of the offset adjustment. Figure 26 shows the relationship of carrier feedthrough vs. dc offset as null. Figure 27. Carrier Feedthrough vs. Frequency After Nulling at 1900 MHz Sideband Suppression Optimization Sideband suppression results from relative gain and relative phase offsets between the I-channel and Q-channel and can be suppressed through adjustments to those two parameters. Figure 28 illustrates how sideband suppression is affected by the gain and phase imbalances. 0 –10 –72 –76 –80 –88 –300 –240 –180 –120 06511-045 –84 –60 0 60 120 180 240 300 The same applies to the Q channel. –70 0dB 0.1 1 10 100 PHASE ERROR (Degrees) Note that throughout the nulling process, the dc bias for the baseband inputs remains at 500 mV. When no offset is applied VIOPP = 500 mV + VIOS/2, and VIOPN = 500 mV − VIOS/2, such that VIOPP − VIOPN = VIOS –50 0.05dB 0.025dB –60 0.0125dB –90 0.01 Figure 26. Carrier Feedthrough vs. DC Offset Voltage at 1900 MHz When an offset of +VIOS is applied to the I-channel inputs –30 0.5dB 0.25dB –40 0.125dB –80 VP – VN OFFSET (µV) VIOPP = VIOPN = 500 mV, or VIOPP − VIOPN = VIOS = 0 V 2.5dB –20 1.25dB 06511-028 –68 SIDEBAND SUPPRESSION (dBc) CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH (dBm) –64 Figure 28. Sideband Suppression vs. Quadrature Phase Error for Various Quadrature Amplitude Offsets Figure 28 underlines the fact that adjusting only one parameter improves the sideband suppression only to a point, unless the other parameter is also adjusted. For example, if the amplitude offset is 0.25 dB, improving the phase imbalance better than 1° does not yield any improvement in the sideband suppression. For optimum sideband suppression, an iterative adjustment between phase and amplitude is required. The sideband suppression nulling can be performed either through adjusting the gain for each channel or through the modification of the phase and gain of the digital data coming from the digital signal processor. Rev. 0 | Page 13 of 24 ADL5372 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION AD9779 The ADL5372 is designed to interface with minimal components to members of the Analog Devices family of DACs. These DACs feature an output current swing from 0 to 20 mA, and the interface described in this section can be used with any DAC that has a similar output. OUT1_P AD9779 OUT1_N 19 IBBP RBIP 50Ω OUT2_N OUT2_P RBIN 50Ω 84 RBQN 50Ω RBQP 50Ω 83 OUT2_P 92 IBBP RSLI 100Ω RBIN 50Ω 20 84 23 RBQN 50Ω RBQP 50Ω 83 IBBN QBBN RSLQ 100Ω 24 QBBP Figure 30. AC Voltage Swing Reduction Through the Introduction of a Shunt Resistor Between Differential Pair The value of this ac voltage swing limiting resistor is chosen based on the desired ac voltage swing. Figure 31 shows the relationship between the swing-limiting resistor and the peakto-peak ac swing that it produces when 50 Ω bias-setting resistors are used. 2.0 20 23 24 1.8 IBBN QBBN QBBP 06511-029 OUT1_N 92 OUT2_N Figure 29. Interface Between the AD9779 and ADL5372 with 50 Ω Resistors to Ground to Establish the 500 mV DC Bias for the ADL5372 Baseband Inputs DIFFERENTIAL SWING (V p-p) OUT1_P F-MOD 93 19 RBIP 50Ω Driving the ADL5372 with a TxDAC® An example of the interface using the AD9779 TxDAC is shown in Figure 29. The baseband inputs of the ADL5372 require a dc bias of 500 mV. The average output current on each of the outputs of the AD9779 is 10 mA. Therefore, a single 50 Ω resistor to ground from each of the DAC outputs results in an average current of 10 mA flowing through each of the resistors, thus producing the desired 500 mV dc bias for the inputs to the ADL5372. F-MOD 93 06511-030 DAC MODULATOR INTERFACING 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 LIMITING THE AC SWING There are situations in which it is desirable to reduce the ac voltage swing for a given DAC output current. This can be achieved through the addition of another resistor to the interface. This resistor is placed in the shunt between each side of the differential pair, as shown in Figure 30. It has the effect of reducing the ac swing without changing the dc bias already established by the 50 Ω resistors. 0 10 100 1000 RL (Ω) 10000 06511-031 0.2 The AD9779 output currents have a swing that ranges from 0 to 20 mA. With the 50 Ω resistors in place, the ac voltage swing going into the ADL5372 baseband inputs ranges from 0 V to 1 V. A full-scale sine wave out of the AD9779 can be described as a 1 V p-p single-ended (or 2 V p-p differential) sine wave with a 500 mV dc bias. Figure 31. Relationship Between the AC Swing-Limiting Resistor and the Peak-to-Peak Voltage Swing with 50 Ω Bias-Setting Resistors FILTERING It is necessary to low-pass filter the DAC outputs to remove images when driving a modulator. The interface for setting up the biasing and ac swing that was discussed in the Limiting the AC Swing section lends itself well to the introduction of such a filter. The filter can be inserted between the dc bias setting resistors and the ac swing-limiting resistor. Doing so establishes the input and output impedances for the filter. Rev. 0 | Page 14 of 24 ADL5372 OUT2_N 92 RBIN 50Ω RSLI 100Ω 20 IBBN LNI 2.7nH LNQ 2.7nH 84 RBQN 50Ω OUT2_P 1.1nF C2I RBQP 83 50Ω 1.1nF C1Q 1.1nF C2Q 3.5 –40 3.0 –50 IBBP 23 QBBN 2.5 PEAK EVM –60 2.0 400kHz –70 1.5 600kHz –80 RSLQ 100Ω 0.5 24 QBBP LPQ 2.7nH 0 –6 OUT1_P OUT1_N 90 250Ω 93 RBIP 50Ω RBIN 92 50Ω 1.1nF C1I 1.1nF C2I 19 IBBP RSLI 100Ω 20 250Ω AUX1_N F-MOD LPI 2.7nH LNI 2.7nH 2 4 6 4.0 –80 3.5 –85 PEAK EVM 3.0 –90 2.5 –95 2.0 –100 6MHz NOISE FLOOR 1.5 –105 RMS EVM 1.0 –110 0.5 –115 0 –120 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 LO DRIVE (dBm) Figure 35. GSM EVM and 6 MHz Noise Floor vs. LO Power at 1960 MHz; Output Power = 5 dBm 87 250Ω 84 RBQN 50Ω RBQP 83 50Ω 86 1.1nF C1Q LNQ 2.7nH 1.1nF C2Q 23 RSLQ 100Ω 24 250Ω LPQ 2.7nH Figure 35 illustrates that an LO amplitude of 3 dBm provides the ideal operating point for noise and EVM for a GSM signal at 1960 MHz. QBBN QBBP 500Ω 06511-033 500Ω AUX2_P 0 Figure 35 shows the GSM EVM and noise performance vs. the LO amplitude at 1960 MHz with an output power of 5 dBm. Increasing the LO drive level improves the noise performance but degrades EVM performance. 89 AUX2_N OUT2_P –2 IBBN 500Ω OUT2_N –110 –4 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) PEAK AND RMS EVM (%) The AD9779 features an auxiliary DAC that can be used to inject small currents into the differential outputs for each main DAC channel. This feature can be used to produce the small offset voltages necessary to null out the carrier feedthrough from the modulator. Figure 33 shows the interface required to use the auxiliary DACs. This adds four resistors to the interface. 500Ω –100 6 MHz NOISE FLOOR Figure 34. GSM EVM and Spectral Performance vs. Channel Power at 1960 MHz vs. Output Power; LO Power = 0 dBm USING THE AD9779 AUXILIARY DAC FOR CARRIER FEEDTHROUGH NULLING AUX1_P –90 RMS EVM Figure 32. DAC Modulator Interface with 3 MHz Third-Order, Elliptical Low-Pass Filter AD9779 1.2MHz 1.0 06511-026 OUT1_N 1.1nF C1I 19 6MHz OFFSET NOISE FLOOR (dBc/100kHz) RBIP 50Ω 250kHz Figure 33. DAC Modulator Interface with Auxiliary DAC Resistors Rev. 0 | Page 15 of 24 06511-027 93 –30 4.0 F-MOD LPI 2.7nH PEAK AND RMS EVM (%) OUT1_P Figure 34 shows the GSM EVM, spectral mask, and noise vs. the output power for the ADL5372 at 1960 MHz. For a given LO amplitude, the performance is independent of output power. 06511-032 AD9779 GSM OPERATION 250kHz, 400kHz, 600kHz AND 1200kHz SPECTRAL MASK (dBc/30kHz) 6MHz OFFSET NOISE FLOOR (dBc/100kHz) An example is shown in Figure 32 with a third-order, elliptical, low-pass filter with a 3 dB frequency of 3 MHz. Matching input and output impedances makes the filter design easier, so the shunt resistor chosen is 100 Ω, producing an ac swing of 1 V p-p differential. –153 The ADL5372 is suitable for operation in a WCDMA environment, providing better than 72.5 dB of adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) at an output power of −10 dBm, with a 20 MHz noise floor of −157 dBm/Hz. Figure 36 and Figure 37 show the ACPR and 20 MHz offset noise floor of the ADL5372 vs. the output power at LO frequencies of 1966 MHz and 2140 MHz, respectively. –60 –154 –62 –155 –64 –156 –156.0 –74 –76 –156.5 20MHz NOISE FLOOR ALTERNATE CPR –157.0 –78 –157.5 –80 –158.0 –82 –14 –13 –12 –11 –10 –9 –8 20MHz OFFSET NOISE FLOOR (dBm/Hz) ADJACENT CPR –72 –158.5 –7 POUT (dBm) Figure 36. WCDMA Adjacent and Alternate Channel Power ratios and 20 MHz Offset Noise Floor vs. Output Power at 1966 MHz; LO Power = 0 dBm –72 –156.0 ADJACENT CPR –156.5 –74 –76 –157.0 20MHz NOISE FLOOR –157.5 –78 ALTERNATE CPR –158.0 –80 –82 –14 –13 –12 –11 –10 –9 –8 20MHz OFFSET NOISE FLOOR (dBm/Hz) –155.5 –158.5 –7 POUT (dBm) Figure 37. WCDMA Adjacent and Alternate Channel Power and 20 MHz Offset Noise Floor vs. Output Power at 2140 MHz; LO Power = 0 dBm WiMAX OPERATION Figure 38 demonstrates the ACPR vs. the output power for the ADL5372 at 2350 MHz. The following test conditions were applied: a 10 MHz wide 64-QAM OFDM signal with 256 subcarriers, and a raised cosine filter with an α = 0.2. 06511-035 ADJACENT AND ALTERNATE CHANNEL POWER RATIOS (dB) –70 –157 ACPR –68 –155.5 06511-034 ADJACENT AND ALTERNATE CHANNEL POWER RATIOS (dB) –70 –66 –158 –70 –159 70MHz OFFSET NOISE FLOOR –72 –16 –14 –12 –10 –8 –6 –4 –160 –2 OUTPUT POWER (dBm) 06511-046 –58 ACPR (dB) WCDMA OPERATION 70MHz OFFSET NOISE FLOOR (dBm/Hz) ADL5372 Figure 38. WiMAX ACPR and Noise Floor vs. Output Power at 2350 MHz; LO Power = 0 dBm LO GENERATION USING PLLS Analog Devices has a line of PLLs that can be used for generating the LO signal. Table 4 lists the PLLs together with their maximum frequency and phase noise performance. Table 4. Analog Devices PLL Selection Table Part ADF4110 ADF4111 ADF4112 ADF4113 ADF4116 ADF4117 ADF4118 Frequency FIN (MHz) 550 1200 3000 4000 550 1200 3000 Phase Noise @ 1 kHz Offset and 200 kHz PFD (dBc/Hz) −91 @ 540 MHz −87 @ 900 MHz −90 @ 900 MHz −91 @ 900 MHz −89 @ 540 MHz −87 @ 900 MHz −90 @ 900 MHz The ADF4360 comes as a family of chips, with nine operating frequency ranges. One is chosen, depending on the local oscillator frequency required. While the use of the integrated synthesizer may come at the expense of slightly degraded noise performance from the ADL5372, it can be a cheaper alternative to a separate PLL and VCO solution. Table 5 shows the options available. Table 5. ADF4360 Family Operating Frequencies Part ADF4360-0 ADF4360-1 ADF4360-2 ADF4360-3 ADF4360-4 ADF4360-5 ADF4360-6 ADF4360-7 ADF4360-8 Rev. 0 | Page 16 of 24 Output Frequency Range (MHz) 2400 to 2725 2050 to 2450 1850 to 2150 1600 to 1950 1450 to 1750 1200 to 1400 1050 to 1250 350 to 1800 65 to 400 ADL5372 TRANSMIT DAC OPTIONS The AD9779 recommended in the previous sections of this data sheet is by no means the only DAC that can be used to drive the ADL5372. There are other appropriate DACs, depending on the level of performance required. Table 6 lists the dual TxDACs offered by Analog Devices. Table 6. Dual TxDAC Selection Table Part AD9709 AD9761 AD9763 AD9765 AD9767 AD9773 AD9775 AD9777 AD9776 AD9778 AD9779 Resolution (Bits) 8 10 10 12 14 12 14 16 12 14 16 Update Rate (MSPS Minimum) 125 40 125 125 125 160 160 160 1000 1000 1000 All DACs listed have nominal bias levels of 0.5 V and use the same simple DAC modulator interface that is shown in Figure 32. MODULATOR/DEMODULATOR OPTIONS Table 7 lists other Analog Devices modulators and demodulators. Table 7. Modulator/Demodulator Options Part No. AD8345 AD8346 AD8349 ADL5390 ADL5385 ADL5370 ADL5371 ADL5373 ADL5374 AD8347 AD8348 AD8340 AD8341 Rev. 0 | Page 17 of 24 Modulator/ Demodulator Modulator Modulator Modulator Modulator Modulator Modulator Modulator Modulator Modulator Demodulator Demodulator Vector modulator Vector modulator Frequency Range (MHz) 140 to 1000 800 to 2500 700 to 2700 20 to 2400 50 to 2200 300 to 1000 500 to 1500 2300 to 3000 3000 to 4000 800 to 2700 50 to 1000 700 to 1000 1500 to 2400 Comments External quadrature ADL5372 EVALUATION BOARD Populated RoHS-compliant evaluation boards are available for evaluation of the ADL5372. The ADL5372 package has an exposed paddle on the underside. This exposed paddle must be soldered to the board (see the Power Supply and Grounding section). The evaluation board is designed without any components on the underside so heat can be applied to the underside for easy removal and replacement of the ADL5372. IBBN RFPQ RFNQ CFNQ CFNI 0Ω 0Ω OPEN OPEN VPOS RFNI 0Ω RFPI 0Ω CFPI OPEN C16 0.1µF L12 0Ω 19 IBBP 20 IBBN 21 COM4 22 COM4 23 QBBN RTI OPEN 24 QBBP RTQ CFPQ OPEN OPEN IBBP COM1 1 COM1 2 VPS1 3 VPS1 4 15 VPS2 VPS1 5 14 VPS2 VPS1 18 Z1 F-MOD 17 16 EXPOSED PADDLE 6 C12 0.1µF 13 VPS4 VOUT C11 OPEN VOUT 12 C13 0.1µF COM3 11 COM3 9 8 10 COM2 LOIN 7 LOIP COM2 CLOP 100pF Figure 40. Evaluation Board Layout, Top Layer C14 0.1µF VPS3 COUT 100pF GND C15 0.1µF L11 0Ω VPS5 06511-037 QBBN VPOS QBBP CLON 100pF 06511-036 LO Figure 39. ADL5372 Evaluation Board Schematic Table 8. Evaluation Board Configuration Options Component VPOS, GND RFPI, RFNI, RFPQ, RFNQ, CFPI, CFNI, CFPQ, CFNQ, RTQ, RTI Description Power Supply and Ground Clip Leads. Baseband Input Filters. These components can be used to implement a low-pass filter for the baseband signals. See the Filtering section. Rev. 0 | Page 18 of 24 Default Condition Not applicable RFNQ, RFPQ, RFNI, RFPI = 0 Ω (0402) CFNQ, CFPQ, CFNI, CFPI = Open (0402) RTQ, RTI = Open (0402) ADL5372 CHARACTERIZATION SETUP AEROFLEX IFR 3416 250kHz TO 6GHz SIGNAL GENERATOR R AND S SPECTRUM ANALYZER FSU 20Hz TO 8GHz RF OUT FREQ 4MHz LEVEL 0dBm BIAS 0.5V GAIN 0.7V BIAS 0.5V GAIN 0.7V LO CONNECT TO BACK OF UNIT I OUT I/AM Q OUT Q/FM 90° I +6dBm RF IN 0° Q AGILENT 34401A MULTIMETER FMOD TEST SETUP 0.175 ADC IP VPOS +5V IN QP AGILENT E3631A POWER SUPPLY – OUT OUTPUT QN VPOS GND 0.175A 6V LO ±25V + COM – 06511-038 5.000 + FMOD Figure 41. Characterization Bench Setup The primary setup used to characterize the ADL5372 is shown in Figure 41. This setup was used to evaluate the product as a single-sideband modulator. The Aeroflex signal generator supplied the LO and differential I and Q baseband signals to the device under test, DUT. The typical LO drive was 0 dBm. The I-channel is driven by a sine wave, and the Q-channel is driven by a cosine wave. The lower sideband is the single sideband (SSB) output. The majority of characterization for the ADL5372 was performed using a 1 MHz sine wave signal with a 500 mV common-mode voltage applied to the baseband signals of the DUT. The baseband signal path was calibrated to ensure that the VIOS and VQOS offsets on the baseband inputs were minimized, as close as possible, to 0 V before connecting to the DUT. See the Carrier Feedthrough Nulling section for the definitions of VIOS and VQOS. Rev. 0 | Page 19 of 24 ADL5372 CH1 1MHz AMPL 700mV p-p PHASE 0° CH2 1MHz AMPL 700mV p-p PHASE 90° 0° R AND S SMT 06 SIGNAL GENERATOR CH2 OUTPUT CH1 OUTPUT TEKTRONIX AFG3252 DUAL FUNCTION ARBITRARY FUNCTION GENERATOR I Q RF OUT FREQ 4MHz TO 4GHz LEVEL 0dBm LO 90° SINGLE TO DIFFERENTIAL CIRCUIT BOARD AGILENT E3631A POWER SUPPLY FMOD TEST RACK 5.000 0.350A Q IN AC ±25V 6V VPOS ++5V– +5V VPOS +5V FMOD CHAR BD Q IN DCCM + COM – IP IP VPOSB VPOSA IN IN TSEN –5V GND AGND IN1 IN1 VN1 VP1 I IN DCCM I IN AC QP OUTPUT OUT QN GND VPOS QP QN AGILENT E3631A POWER SUPPLY 0.500 LO R AND S FSEA 30 SPECTRUM ANALYZER 0.010A + 6V RF IN ±25V – + COM – 100MHz TO 4GHz +6dBm VCM = 0.5V AGILENT 34401A MULTIMETER 06511-039 0.200 ADC Figure 42. Setup for Baseband Frequency Sweep and Undesired Sideband Nulling The setup used to evaluate baseband frequency sweep and undesired sideband nulling of the ADL5372 is shown in Figure 42. The interface board has circuitry that converts the single-ended I input and Q input from the arbitrary function generator to differential I and Q baseband signals with a dc bias of 500 mV. Undesired sideband nulling was achieved through an iterative process of adjusting amplitude and phase on the Q-channel. See Sideband Suppression Optimization section for a detailed discussion on sideband nulling. Rev. 0 | Page 20 of 24 ADL5372 OUTLINE DIMENSIONS 0.60 MAX 4.00 BSC SQ PIN 1 INDICATOR 0.60 MAX TOP VIEW 0.50 BSC 3.75 BSC SQ 0.50 0.40 0.30 1.00 0.85 0.80 12° MAX SEATING PLANE 0.80 MAX 0.65 TYP 0.30 0.23 0.18 PIN 1 INDICATOR 19 18 24 1 *2.45 EXPOSED PAD 2.30 SQ 2.15 (BOTTOMVIEW) 13 12 7 6 0.23 MIN 2.50 REF 0.05 MAX 0.02 NOM 0.20 REF COPLANARITY 0.08 *COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-220-VGGD-2 EXCEPT FOR EXPOSED PAD DIMENSION Figure 43. 24-Lead Lead Frame Chip Scale Package [LFCSP_VQ] 4 mm × 4 mm Body, Very Thin Quad (CP-24-2) Dimensions shown in millimeters ORDERING GUIDE Model ADL5372ACPZ-R2 1 ADL5372ACPZ-R71 ADL5372ACPZ-WP1 ADL5372-EVALZ1 1 Temperature Range –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C –40°C to +85°C Package Description 24-Lead LFCSP_VQ, 7” Tape and Reel 24-Lead LFCSP_VQ, 7” Tape and Reel 24-Lead LFCSP_VQ, Waffle Pack Evaluation Board Z = Pb-free part. Rev. 0 | Page 21 of 24 Package Option CP-24-2 CP-24-2 CP-24-2 Ordering Quantity 250 1,500 64 ADL5372 NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 22 of 24 ADL5372 NOTES Rev. 0 | Page 23 of 24 ADL5372 NOTES ©2006 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. D06511-0-12/06(0) T T Rev. 0 | Page 24 of 24