ATMEL AT697E

Features
• SPARC V8 High Performance Low-power 32-bit Architecture
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– LEON2-FT 1.0.13 compliant
– 8 Register Windows
Advanced Architecture:
– On-chip Amba Bus
– 5 Stage Pipeline
– 16 kbyte Multi-sets Data Cache
– 32 kbyte Multi-sets Instruction Cache
On-chip Peripherals:
– Memory Interface
PROM Controller
SRAM Controller
SDRAM Controller
– Timers
Two 24-bit Timers
Watchdog Timer
– Two 8-bit UARTs
– Interrupt Controller with 4 External Programmable Inputs
– 32 Parallel I/O Interface
– 33MHz PCI Interface Compliant with 2.2 PCI Specification
Integrated 32/64-bit IEEE 754 Floating-point Unit
Fault Tolerance by Design
– Full Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR)
– EDAC Protection
– Parity Protection
Debug and Test Facilities
– Debug Support Unit (DSU) for Trace and Debug
– IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Interface
– Four Hardware Watchpoints
Speed Optimized Code RAM Interface
8, 16 and 40-bit boot-PROM (Flash) Interface Possibilities
Clock: 0MHz up to 100MHz
Core consumption: 1W
Performance: 100 MIPS
Operating range
– Voltages
3.3V +/- 0.30V for I/O
1.8V +/- 0.15V for Core
– Temperature
-55°C to 125°C
Radiation Performance
– Total dose radiation capability (parametric & functional): 100Krads (Si) (target)
– SEU event rate better than 1 E-5 error/device/day (target)
– Latch up immunity better than 70 MeV.cm²/mg
Package MCGA 349
Mass: 9g
Rad-Hard 32 bit
SPARC V8
Processor
AT697E
Advance
Information
Summary
Rev. 4226BS–AERO–01/05
Note:
This is a summary document. Contact
ATMEL for a complete document.
1
Description
The AT697 is a highly integrated, high-performance 32-bit RISC embedded processor
based on the SPARC V8 architecture. The implementation is based on the European
Space Agency (ESA) LEON2 fault tolerant model. By executing powerful instructions in
a single clock cycle, the AT697 achieves throughputs approaching 1MIPS per MHz,
allowing the system designer to optimize power consumption versus processing speed.
The AT697 is designed to be used as a building block in computers for on-board embedded real-time applications. It brings up-to-date functionality and performance for space
application.
The AT697 only requires memory and application specific peripherals to be added to
form a complete on-board computer.
The AT697 contains an on-chip Integer Unit (IU), a Floating Point Unit (FPU), separate
instruction and data caches, hardware multiplier and divider, interrupt controller, debug
support unit with trace buffer, two 24-bit timers, Parallel and Serial interfaces, a Watchdog, a PCI Interface and a flexible Memory Controller. The design is highly testable with
the support of a Debug Support Unit (DSU) and a boundary scan through JTAG
interface.
An idle mode stops the CPU while allowing Timer/Counter, Serial ports and Interrupt
system to continue functioning.
The processor is manufactured using the Atmel 0.18 µm CMOS process. It has been
especially designed for space, by implementing on-chip concurrent transient and permanent error detection and correction.
Figure 1. AT697 Block Diagram
FPU
AHB
Controller
Integer Unit
(SPARC V8)
AHB/APB
bridge
I-Cache D-Cache
Prom
TDS
TDI
TDO
...
JTAG
TAP
RxD
TxD
Debug Support
Unit
RxD
TxD
Waitstate
Controller
Memory
Controller
I/O
Amba AHB
EDAC
SRAM
Amba APB
UART B
UART A
Watchdog
Interrupt
Controller
Timer 1
Timer 2
General Purpose
Interface
GPI bits
2
Ready
Busy
Add.
...
PCI/AMBA
bridge
SDRAM
PCI
PCI bus
AT697E
4226BS–AERO–01/05
AT697E
Pin Configuration
Table 1. AT697 pinout
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
VDD18
VSS18
PIO[6]
PIO[1]
RAMS[1]
VSS18
VDD18
PIO[0]
N.C.
PIO[4]
RAMS[2]
1
2
3
VDD18
VDD18
VSS18
VCC33
PIO[2]
N.C.
RAMOE[3]
4
VSS18
VDD18
PIO[9]
N.C.
PIO[5]
PIO[3]
RAMS[4]
5
N.C.
N.C.
PIO[11]
N.C.
N.C.
VSS33
RAMOE[1]
6
PIO[13]
PIO[10]
VCC33
Reserved
CB[0]
N.C.
VSS33
7
CB[1]
VSS33
N.C.
PIO[15]
VSS33
PIO[12]
PIO[7]
8
CB[6]
CB[4]
D[2]
VCC33
CB[7]
CB[2]
PIO[8]
9
D[3]
N.C.
D[1]
VSS33
D[6]
VCC33
CB[3]
10
D[8]
D[5]
VCC33
VSS33
Reserved
D[10]
D[4]
11
D[12]
VSS33
VCC33
D[13]
D[7]
D[15]
N.C.
12
D[17]
D[18]
D[11]
VSS33
D[14]
D[16]
D[19]
13
D[21]
D[23]
VCC33
VCC33
VSS33
VSS33
A[1]
14
D[25]
N.C.
D[22]
D[27]
N.C.
VSS33
A[3]
15
D[30]
N.C.
D[26]
D[29]
N.C.
N.C.
A[12]
16
VSS18
VSS18
D[28]
VCC33
N.C.
N.C.
A[6]
17
VDD18
VDD18
VSS18
D[31]
N.C.
A[7]
VSS33
VSS18
VDD18
VCC33
A[0]
A[4]
A[8]
VDD18
VSS18
A[2]
VSS33
A[9]
18
19
Table 2. AT697 pinout (suite)
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
1
RAMOE[0]
VSS33
READ
DSUACT
BEXC
VCC33
SDWE
2
RAMOE[2]
ROMS[1]
TCK
DSURX
SDCLK
VSS33
PCI_CLK
3
VCC33
ROMS[0]
TDI
DSUTX
DSUBRE
SDDQM[1]
VSS33
4
RAMOE[4]
RWE[0]
TDO
DSUEN
SDDQM[2]
N.C.
SDCS[0]
5
RWE[1]
WRITE
VSS33
TMS
N.C.
SDDQM[3]
SDCAS
6
RWE[3]
RWE[2]
IOS
VSS33
VSS33
GNT
A/D[24]
7
RAMS[0]
N.C.
TRST
SDDQM[0]
VSS33
VCC33
A/D[30]
8
RAMS[3]
VCC33
OE
BRDY
VCC33
A/D[21]
A/D[18]
9
CB[5]
PIO[14]
VSS33
SDRAS
A/D[22]
A/D[16]
A/D[17]
10
D[9]
D[0]
N.C.
A/D[14]
VSS33
PERR
IRDY
11
D[20]
A[5]
A[16]
N.C.
A/D[12]
A/D[9]
A/D[15]
3
4226BS–AERO–01/05
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
12
D[24]
A[14]
A[26]
VDD_PLL
AGNT[3]
A/D[1]
A/D[8]
13
N.C.
VCC33
A[21]
N.C.
N.C.
VSS33
A/D[5]
14
A[10]
VCC33
A[27]
LOCK
SKEW[1]
A/D[0]
AGNT[1]
15
N.C.
VSS33
VCC33
A[24]
Reserved
BYPASS
CLK
16
A[11]
VSS33
A[23]
RESET
LFT
AREQ[2]
VSS33
17
A[19]
A[17]
VSS33
VCC33
WDOG
N.C.
VSS33
18
A[13]
A[18]
A[22]
VSS33
VSS_PLL
AREQ[3]
N.C.
19
A[15]
A[20]
A[25]
ERROR
SKEW[0]
VCC33
AREQ[1]
R
T
U
V
W
1
REQ
VSS18
VDD18
2
N.C.
SDCS[1]
VDD18
VSS18
3
PCI_RST
A/D[31]
VSS18
VDD18
VDD18
4
N.C.
A/D[29]
VCC33
VSS18
VSS18
5
N.C.
N.C.
A/D[26]
N.C.
A/D[28]
6
N.C.
A/D[27]
IDSEL
VSS33
A/D[25]
7
SYSEN
VSS33
VCC33
C/BE[3]
A/D[23]
8
VSS33
VSS33
FRAME
A/D[20]
A/D[19]
9
TRDY
VCC33
N.C.
C/BE[2]
VSS33
10
PCI_LOCK
DEVSEL
STOP
VCC33
VCC33
11
VSS33
VCC33
VSS33
C/BE[1]
SERR
12
N.C.
A/D[11]
PAR
VSS33
A/D[13]
13
VCC33
A/D[7]
A/D[10]
VSS33
VSS33
14
VCC33
VSS33
C/BE[0]
A/D[4]
A/D[6]
15
N.C.
A/D[2]
VCC33
N.C.
A/D[3]
16
N.C.
VCC33
N.C.
VDD18
VSS18
17
VCC33
AGNT[0]
VSS18
VDD18
VDD18
18
N.C.
AGNT[2]
VDD18
VSS18
19
AREQ[0]
VSS18
VDD18
Table 3. AT697 pinout (suite 2)
Notes:
4
1. ‘Reserved’ pins shall not be driven to any voltage
2. N.C. refers to unconnected pins
AT697E
4226BS–AERO–01/05
AT697E
Pin Description
IU and FPU Signals
A[27:0] - Address bus (output)
A[27:0] bus carries the addresses during accesses on the memory. When no access is
performed to external memory, the address of the last access is driven.
D[31:0] - Data bus (bi-directional)
D[31:0] bus carries the data during transfers on the memory. The processor only drives
the bus during write cycles. During accesses to 8-bit areas, only D[31:24] are used.
CB[7:0] - Check bits (bi-directional)
CB[6:0] bus carries the EDAC checkbits during memory accesses. CB[7](1) takes the
value of tcb[7] in the error control register. Processor only drives CB[7:0] during write
cycles to areas programmed to be EDAC protected.
Note:
1. CB[7] is implemented to enable programming of flash memories. When only 7 bits
are useful for EDAC protection, 8 are needed for programming.
Memory Interface Signals
General management
OE* - Output enable (output)
This active low output is asserted during read cycles on the memory bus
BRDY* - Bus ready (input)
This active low input indicates that the access to a memory mapped I/O area can be terminated on the next rising clock edge.
READ - Read cycle (output)
This active high output is asserted during read cycles on the memory bus.
WRITE* - Write enable (output)
This active low output provides a write strobe during write cycles on the memory bus.
PROM
ROMS*[1:0] - PROM chip-select (output)
These active low outputs provide the chip-select signal for the PROM area. ROMSN[0]
is asserted when the lower half of the PROM area is accessed (0 - 0x10000000), while
ROMSN[1] is asserted for the upper half.
SRAM
RAMOE*[4:0] - RAM output enable (output)
These active low signals provide an individual output enable for each RAM bank.
RAMS*[4:0] - RAM chip-select (output)
These active low outputs provide the chip-select signals for each RAM bank.
RWEN [3:0] - RAM write enable (output)
These active low outputs provide individual write strobes for each byte. RWEN[0] controls D[31:24], RWEN[1] controls D[23:16], etc.
I/O
IOS* - I/O select (output)
This active low output is the chip-select signal for the memory mapped I/O area.
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4226BS–AERO–01/05
SDRAM Interface
SDCLK - SDRAM clock (output)
SDRAM clock, can be configured to be identical or inverted in relation to the system
clock.
SDCASN - SDRAM column address strobe (output)
This active low signal provides a common CAS for all SDRAM devices.
SDCSN[1:0] - SDRAM chip select (output)
These active low outputs provide the chip select signals for the two SDRAM banks.
SDDQM[3:0] - SDRAM data mask (output)
These active low outputs provide the DQM signals for both SDRAM banks.
SDRAS*- SDRAM row address strobe (output)
This active low signal provides a common RAS for all SDRAM devices.
SDWEN - SDRAM write strobe (output)
This active low signal provides a common write strobe for all SDRAM devices.
System Signals
CLK - Processor clock (input)
This active high input provides the main processor clock.
RESET* - Processor reset (input)
When asserted, this active low input will reset the processor and all on-chip peripherals.
WDOG* - Watchdog time-out (open-drain output)
This active low output is asserted when the watchdog expires.
BEXC* - Bus exception (input)
This active low input is sampled simultaneously with the data during accesses on the
memory bus. If asserted, a memory error will be generated.
ERROR* - Processor error (open-drain output)
This active low output is asserted when the processor has entered error state and is
halted. This happens when traps are disabled and a synchronous (un-maskable) trap
occurs.
PIO[15:0] - Parallel I/O port (bi-directional)
These bi-directional signals can be used as inputs or outputs to control external devices.
BYPASS - PLL bypass (input)
When asserted, this active high input set the PLL in bypass mode. The device is then
directly clocked by the external clock. When not asserted, the device is clocked through
the PLL.
SKEW[1:0] - Clock tree skew (input)
These input signals configurate the programmable skew on the triplicated clock trees.
LOCK - PLL lock (output)
This active high output is asserted when the PLL output (internal node) is locked at the
frequency corresponding to four times the input command.
PLFT - PLL passive low pass filter (input)
6
AT697E
4226BS–AERO–01/05
AT697E
This input is used to connect the PLL passive low pass filter.
DSU Signals
DSUACT - DSU active (output)
This active high output is asserted when the processor is in debug mode and controlled
by the DSU.
DSUBRE - DSU break enable (input)
A low-to-high transition on this active high input will generate break condition and put
the processor in debug mode.
DSUEN - DSU enable (input)
The active high input enables the DSU unit. If de-asserted, the DSU trace buffer will
continue to operate but the processor will not enter debug mode.
DSURX - DSU receiver (input)
This active high input provides the data to the DSU communication link receiver
DSUTX - DSU transmitter (output)
This active high input provides the output from the DSU communication link transmitter.
JTAG
TCK - Test Clock (input)
Used to clock serial data into scan latches and control sequence of the test state
machine. TCK can be asynchronous with CLK.
TMS - Test Mode select (input)
Primary control signal for the state machine. Synchronous with TCK. A sequence of values on TMS adjusts the current state of the TAP.
TDI - Test data input (input)
Serial input data to the scan latches. Synchronous with TCK
TDO - Test data output (output)
Serial output data from the scan latches. Synchronous with TCK
TRST - Test Reset (input)
Resets the test state machine. Can be asynchronous with TCK. Shall be grounded for
end application.
PCI Arbiter
AREQ*[3:0] - PCI bus request (Input)
When asserted, these active low inputs indicate that a PCI agent is requesting the bus.
AGNT*[3:0] - PCI bus grant (Output)
When asserted, these active low outputs indicate that a PCI agent is granted the PCI
bus.
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4226BS–AERO–01/05
PCI interface
PA[31:0] - PCI Address Data (bi-directional)
Address and Data are multiplexed on the same PCI pins.
During the address phase, AD[31::00] contain a physical address (32 bits). For I/O, this
is a byte address; for configuration and memory, it is a DWORD address. During data
phases, AD[07::00] contain the least significant byte and AD[31::24] contain the most
significant byte.
C/BE[3:0]* - PCI Bus Command and Byte Enables (bi-directional)
During the address phase of a transaction, C/BE[3::0]* define the bus command. During
the data phase, C/BE[3::0]* are used as Byte Enables. The Byte Enables are valid for
the entire data phase.
PAR - Parity (bi-directional)
The number of "1"s on AD[31::00], C/BE[3::0]*, and PAR equals an even number
FRAME* - Cycle Frame (bi-directional)
It is driven by the current master to indicate the beginning and duration of an access.
FRAME* is asserted to indicate a bus transaction is beginning. While FRAME* is
asserted, data transfers continue. When FRAME* is deasserted, the transaction is in the
final data phase or has completed.
IRDY* - Initiator Ready (bi-directional)
IRDY* indicates the initiating agent’s ability to complete the current data phase of the
transaction. IRDY* is used in conjunction with TRDY*. During a write, IRDY* indicates
that valid data is present on AD[31::00]. During a read, it indicates the master is prepared to accept data.
TRDY* - Target Ready (bi-directional)
TRDY* indicates the target agent’s (selected device’s) ability to complete the current
data phase of the transaction. TRDY* is used in conjunction with IRDY*. During a read,
TRDY* indicates that valid data is present on AD[31::00]. During a write, it indicates the
target is prepared to accept data.
STOP* - Stop (bi-directional)
STOP* indicates the current target is requesting the master to stop the current
transaction.
PCI_LOCK* - Lock (bi-directional)
LOCK* indicates an atomic operation to a bridge that may require multiple transactions
to complete.
IDSEL - Initialization Device Select (input)
Initialization Device Select is used as a chip select during configuration read and write
transactions.
DEVSEL* - Device Select (bi-directional)
When actively driven, indicates the driving device has decoded its address as the target
of the current access. As an input, DEVSEL* indicates whether any device on the bus
has been selected.
REQ* - PCI bus request (output)
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AT697E
4226BS–AERO–01/05
AT697E
REQ* indicates to the arbiter that this agent desires use of the bus. This is a point-topoint signal. Every master has its own REQ* which must be tri-stated while RST* is
asserted.
GNT* - PCI Bus Grant (input)
GNT* indicates to the agent that access to the bus has been granted. This is a point-topoint signal. Every master has its own GNT* which must be ignored while RST* is
asserted.
PCI_CLK - PCI clock (input)
PCI_CLOCK provides timing for all transactions on PCI. All other PCI signals, except
RST*, are sampled on the rising edge of PCI_CLK and all other timing parameters are
defined with respect to this edge.
RST* - PCI Reset (input)
Reset is used to bring PCI-specific registers, sequencers, and signals to a consistent
state.
PERR* - Parity Error (bi-directional)
Parity Error is only for the reporting of data parity errors during all PCI transactions
except a Special Cycle. The PERR* pin is sustained tri-state and must be driven active
by the agent receiving data two clocks following the data when a data parity error is
detected. The minimum duration of PERR* is one clock for each data phase that a data
parity error is detected.
SERR* - System Error (bi-directional)
System Error is for reporting address parity errors, data parity errors on the special cycle
command, or any other system error where the result will be catastrophic. If an agent
does not want a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) to be generated, a different reporting
mechanism is required.
SYSEN* - PCI Host (input)
This active low input specifies the configuration of the device. At boot-up time, if
SYSEN* is sampled at a low level, the device is configured as the host of the PCI bus. If
SYSEN* is sampled at a high level, the device is configured as a satellite.
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Product Description
Integer Unit
The AT697E integer unit (IU) implements SPARC integer instructions as defined
in SPARC Architecture Manual Version 8. The IU is designed for highly dependable
space and military applications, and includes support for error detection. The RISC
architecture makes possible the creation of a processor that can execute instructions at
a rate approaching one instruction per processor clock.
Floating Point Unit (FPU) The FPU is designed to provide execution of single and double-precision floating point
instructions. The processor is stopped during the execution of floating point instructions.
Instruction Set
AT697E instruction set describes six functional categories: load/store, arithmetic/logical/shift, control transfer, read/write control register, floating-point, and miscellaneous.
Please refer to SPARC V8 architecture manual that presents implemented instructions.
Cache Sub-System
Separate instruction and data caches are provided. The instruction cache uses streaming during line-refill to minimize refill latency. The data cache uses writethrough policy
and implements a double-word write-buffer. The data cache also performs bus-snooping on the AHB bus.
Memory Interface
The AT697E is designed to allow easy interfacing to internal/external memory
resources. The flexible memory interface provides a direct interface for PROM, memory
mapped I/O devices, static RAM (SRAM) and synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM).
The memory areas can be programmed to either 8-, 16- or 32-bit data width.
Fault Tolerance
10
Address Range
Size
Mapping
0x00000000 - 0x1FFFFFFF
512 MB
PROM
0x20000000 - 0x3FFFFFFF
512 MB
I/O
0x40000000 - 0x7FFFFFFF
1 GB
SRAM/SDRAM
The AT697E processor has been especially designed for space application. To prevent
erroneous operations from Single Event Transient (SET) and Single Event Upset (SEU)
errors, the AT697E processor implements a set of protection features including:
•
Full triple modular redundancy (TMR)
•
EDAC protection on Register file
•
EDAC protection on external memory interface
•
Parity protection on instruction and data caches
AT697E
4226BS–AERO–01/05
AT697E
TRAPs
The AT697E supports two types of traps:
•
Synchronous traps
•
Asynchronous traps also called interrupts
Synchronous traps are caused by hardware responding to a particular instruction: they
occur during the instruction that caused them. Asynchronous traps occur when an external event interrupts the processor. They are not related to any particular instruction and
occur between the execution of instructions.
Timers
General Purpose Timers
Two 24-bit timers are provided on-chip. The timers can work in periodic or one-shot
mode. Both timers are clocked by a common 10-bit prescaler.
Watchdog Timer
A 24-bit watchdog is provided on-chip. The watchdog is clocked by the timer prescaler.
When the watchdog reaches zero, an output signal (WDOG) is asserted. This signal can
be used to generate system reset.
Communication
Interfaces
Serial Interfaces – UARTs
Two full duplex asynchronous receiver transmitters (UART) are included. The data format of the UART’s is eight data bits with one stop bit. It is possible to choose between
no parity, even and odd parity. UART’s provide double buffering, i.e. each UART consists of a transmitter holding register, a receiver holding register, a transmitter shift
register, and a receiver shift register. Each of these registers are 8-bit wide. For each
UART a data register is provided. The baud rate of both the UART’s is individually
programmable.
Parallel Interface
A 32-bit parallel I/O port is provided. 16 bits are always available and can be individually
programmed by software to be an input or an output. The additional 16 bits are only
available when the memory bus is configured for 8- or 16-bit operation.
Some of the bits have alternate usage, such as UART inputs/outputs and external interrupts inputs.
PCI interface
The PCI implementation standing on the AT697E is PCI 2.2 compliant. It is a high performance 32-bit bus with multiplexed address and data lines. It is intended for use as an
interconnect mechanism between processor/memory systems and peripheral controller
components.
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4226BS–AERO–01/05
Test and Diagnostics
The design is highly testable with the support of a Debug System Unit (DSU), an internal
and boundary scan through JTAG interface.
Test Access Port (TAP)
A TAP is provided through a JTAG interface.
DSU
The on-chip debug support unit (DSU) allows non-intrusive debugging on target hardware. The DSU allows to insert instruction and data watchpoints, and access to all onchip registers from a remote debugger. A trace buffer is provided to trace the executed
instruction flow and/or AHB bus traffic. Communication to an outside debugger (e.g.
gdb) is done using a dedicated UART (RS232).
Watchpoint Registers
To aid software debugging, up to four watchpoint registers are provided. Each register
can cause a debug-trap on an arbitrary instruction or data address range. If the debug
support unit is enabled, the watchpoints can be used to enter debug mode.
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AT697E
Package - MCGA 349
Mechanical Outlines
A2
A
A1
e
D/E
D1/E1
A1
A2
A
b
e
mm
min
max
24,8
25,2
22,86
1,4
1,85
2,4
3,45
4,3
5,9
0,79
0,99
1,27
inch
min
max
0,976
0,992
0,9
0,055
0,073
0,094
0,136
0,169
0,232
0,031
0,04
0,05
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4226BS–AERO–01/05
Socket / Adapter
In order to support MCGA 349 package on evaluation board that may require exchange
of the chip, ATMEL had a dedicated socket developped by Adapters-Plus.
Socket reference
The reference of the socket for the MCGA349 package is CL349SA1912F.
A direct link to information on this socket is available at: http://www.adaptplus.com/products/ic_sockets/datasheets/ds_MCGA_lockingskt.htm
Provider
The CL349SA1912F socket is provided by Adapters-Plus :
Adapters-Plus
15 W 8TH STREET STE B.
Tracy, Ca 95376 - USA
Phone: 209-839-0200
Fax: 209-839-0235
www.adapt-plus.com
14
AT697E
4226BS–AERO–01/05
AT697E
Ordering Information
Table 1. Possible Order Entries
Supply Voltage
Temperature
Part-Number
(core / IOs)
Range
Maximum Speed
(MHz)
Packaging
AT697E-2E-E
1.8V / 3.3V
25°C
100
MCGA349
Quality Flow
Engineering Samples
15
4226BS–AERO–01/05
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4226BS–AERO–01/05
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