TB6539N/F TOSHIBA Bi-CMOS Integrated Circuit Silicon Monolithic TB6539N,TB6539F 3-Phase Full-Wave Sine-Wave PWM Brushless Motor Control Features TB6539N · Sine-wave PWM control · Built-in triangular-wave generator (carrier cycle = fosc/252 (Hz)) · Built-in lead angle control function (0 to 58° in 32 steps) · Built-in dead time function · Supports bootstrap circuit · Overcurrent protection signal input pin · Built-in regulator (Vrefout = 5 V (typ.), 30 mA (max)) · Operating supply voltage range: VCC = 10 to 18 V TB6539F VM = 4.5 to 18 V Weight SDIP24-P-300-1.78 : 1.62 g (typ.) SSOP30-P-375-1.00 : 0.63 g (typ.) 1 2002-06-12 12/15 Power-on reset Rotating direction ST/SP Protection CW/CCW & ERR reset GB FG 2 2/3 Idc REV 18/22 RES 11/14 24/30 Vrefout FG 13/16 S-GND 17/21 Charger 3/4 P-GND CW/CCW 120/180 1/1 VCC Regulator Internal Phase reference matching voltage Comparator 120°turn-on matrix Comparator Switching 120°/180° and gate block protection on/off Setting dead time 16/20 10/12 7/8 9/10 6/7 8/9 5/6 4/5 OS Z W Y V X U VM 2002-06-12 ※ The pin numbers shown above are for the TB6539N/TB6539F HU HV HW PWM Phase W Phase V Comparator 22/27 Data select Ve Output waveform generator 19/23 Comparator HW Counter 20/25 Position detector Phase U HV 4 bits 21/26 HU 5-bit AD 15/19 6-bit triangular wave generator Xout System clock generator 14/17 23/29 LA Xin Block Diagram TB6539N/F TB6539N/F Pin Description Pin No. TB6539N TB6539F Symbol Description 21 26 HU Positional signal input pin U 20 25 HV Positional signal input pin V 19 13 HW Positional signal input pin W 17 21 CW/CCW Rotation direction signal input pin Remarks When positional signal is HHH or LLL, gate block protection operates. With built-in pull-up resistor L: Forward H: Reverse L: Reset (Output is non-active) 18 22 RES Reset-signal-input pin Operation/Halt operation Also used for gate block protection 22 27 Ve Inputs voltage instruction signal 23 29 LA Lead angle setting signal input pin 16 20 OS Inputs output logic select signal With built-in pull-down resistor Sets 0 to 58° in 32 steps L: Active low H: Active high Inputs DC link current. 2 3 Idc Inputs overcurrentprotection-signal Reference voltage: 0.5 V With built-in filter ( ~ - 1 ms) 14 17 Xin Inputs clock signal 15 19 Xout Outputs clock signal 24 30 Vrefout 11 14 FG 12 15 REV 5 6 U Outputs turn-on signal 6 7 V Outputs turn-on signal 7 8 W Outputs turn-on signal 8 9 X Outputs turn-on signal 9 10 Y Outputs turn-on signal 10 12 Z Outputs turn-on signal 1 1 VCC Power supply voltage pin VCC = 10~18 V 4 5 VM Apply power supply for output circuit. VM = 4.5~18 V 3 4 P-GND Ground for power supply Ground pin 13 16 S-GND Ground for signals Ground pin With built-in feedback resistor Outputs reference voltage signal 5 V (typ.), 30 mA (max) FG signal output pin Outputs 3PPR of positional signal Reverse rotation detection signal Detects reverse rotation. Select active high or active low using the output logic select pin. 3 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Input/Output Equivalent Circuits Pin Description Symbol Input/Output Signal Input/Output Internal Circuit Digital HU Positional signal input pin V HV Vrefout Vrefout 200 k9 Positional signal input pin U With Schmitt trigger Hysteresis 300 mV (typ.) 2 kW Positional signal input pin W HW L : 0.8 V (max) H: Vrefout - 1 V (min) Digital 100 k9 Vrefout Vrefout Forward/reverse switching input pin With Schmitt trigger CW/CCW Hysteresis 300 mV (typ.) L: Forward (CW) 2 kW H: Reverse (CCW) L : 0.8 V (max) H: Vrefout - 1 V (min) Digital Vrefout Reset input With Schmitt trigger RES 2 kW Hysteresis 300 mV (typ.) 100 k9 L: Stops operation (reset). H: Operates. L : 0.8 V (max) H: Vrefout - 1 V (min) Ve Input voltage of Vrefout or higher is clipped to Vrefout. (X, Y, Z pins: ON duty of 8%) Lead angle setting signal input pin 5 V: 58° (5-bit AD) VCC Analog LA 0 V: 0° 100 W Input range 0 to 5.0 V 200 k9 Turn on the lower transistor at 0.2 V or less. VCC Analog Input range 0 to 5.0 V Input voltage of Vrefout or higher is clipped to Vrefout. 4 100 W 200 k9 Voltage instruction signal input pin 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Symbol Input/Output Signal Input/Output Internal Circuit Vrefout Vrefout Output logic select signal input pin Digital 100 k9 Pin Description OS L : 0.8 V (max) L: Active low 2 kW H: Vrefout - 1 V (min) H: Active high VCC Analog Idc Clock signal input pin Xin 200 kW 5 pF Gate block protected at 0.5 V or higher (released at carrier cycle) Comparator 0.5 V Overcurrent protection signal input pin Vrefout Vrefout Operating range Xin Xout 2 to 8 MHz (crystal oscillation) Clock signal output pin Xout 500 kW VCC VCC Reference voltage signal output pin Vrefout 5 ± 0.5 V (max 30 mA) VCC Digital Reverse-rotation-detection signal output pin REV Open collector output: 20 mA (max) 5 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Pin Description Symbol Input/Output Signal Input/Output Internal Circuit VCC Digital FG signal output pin FG Open collector output: 20 mA (max) VM Turn-on signal output pin U U Turn-on signal output pin V V Turn-on signal output pin W W Analog Push-pull output: 20 mA (max) Turn-on signal output pin X X Turn-on signal output pin Y Y L : 1.3 V (max) Turn-on signal output pin Z Z H: VM - 1.3 V (min) 6 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C) Characteristics Supply voltage Input voltage Turn-on signal output current N Rating VCC 18 VM 18 V -0.3~VCC (Note 1) Vin (2) -0.3~5.5 IOUT 20 PD T y p e Unit Vin (1) T y p e Power dissipation F Symbol V (Note 2) mA 1.75 (Note 3) 1.50 (Note 4) (Note 5) W Operating temperature Topr -30~115 Storage temperature Tstg -50~150 °C °C Note 1: Vin (1) pin: Ve, LA, REV, FG Note 2: Vin (2) pin: HU, HV, HW, CW/CCW, RES, OS, Idc Note 3: When mounted on PCB (universal 125 ´ 180 ´ 1.6 mm) Note 4: When mounted on PCB (universal 50 ´ 50 ´ 1.6 mm) Note 5: Operating temperature range is determined by the PD - Ta characteristic. Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = 25°C) Characteristics Supply voltage Crystal oscillation frequency Symbol Min Typ. Max VCC 10 15 18 VM 4.5 5 18 Xin 2 4 8 Unit V MHz TB6539N PD – Ta TB6539F PD – Ta 2.0 2.0 (1) When mounted on PCB (1) When mounted on PCB Universal Power dissipation PD (W) Power dissipation PD (W) Universal 125 ´ 180 ´ 1.6 mm 1.5 (2) IC only Rth (j-a) = 100°C/W ① 1.0 ② 0.5 0 0 50 100 150 50 ´ 50 ´ 1.6 mm 1.5 Rth (j-a) = 110°C/W ① 1.0 ② 0.5 0 0 200 Ambient temperature Ta (°C) (2) IC only 50 100 150 200 Ambient temperature Ta (°C) 7 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, VCC = 15 V) Characteristics Symbol ICC Supply current Test Circuit ¾ IM Iin (1) Input current Iin (2)-1 Iin (2)-2 ¾ Iin (2)-3 High Input voltage Vin ¾ Test Condition Min Typ. Max Vrefout = OPEN ¾ 20 30 VM = 5 V ¾ 8 12 ¾ 25 40 Vin = 5 V Ve, LA Vin = 0 V HU, HV, HW -40 -25 ¾ Vin = 0 V CW/CCW, OS -80 -50 ¾ Vin = 5 V RES ¾ 50 80 Vrefout -1 ¾ Vrefout ¾ ¾ 0.8 ¾ 0.3 ¾ VM - 1.3 VM - 1.0 ¾ ¾ 1.0 1.3 HU, HV, HW, CW/CCW, RES, OS Low Input hysteresis voltage VH ¾ IOUT = 20 mA VOUT (H)-1 Output voltage Output leakage current VOUT (L)-1 IOUT = -20 mA ¾ U, V, W, X, Y, Z VM = 5 V mA mA V V V VREV IOUT = -20 mA REV ¾ 1.0 1.3 Vrefout IOUT = 30 mA Vrefout 4.5 5.0 5.5 VFG IOUT = -20 mA FG ¾ 1.0 1.3 VM = 15 V, VOUT = 0 V U, V, W, X, Y, Z ¾ 0 10 VM = 15 V, VOUT = 15 V U, V, W, X, Y, Z ¾ 0 10 3.0 3.8 ¾ ms 0.45 0.5 0.55 V ¾ 0 ¾ LA = 2.5 V, Hall IN = 100 Hz 27.5 32 34.5 TLA (5) LA = 5 V, Hall IN = 100 Hz 53.5 59 62.5 VCC (H) Output start operation point 7.5 8.5 9.5 VCC (L) No output operation point 6.5 7.5 8.5 ¾ 1.0 ¾ IL (H) IL (L) ¾ TOFF ¾ Overcurrent detection Vdc ¾ TLA (0) VCC monitor U, V, W, X, Y, Z VM = 5 V Output off-time by upper/lower transistor Lead angle correction HU, HV, HW, CW/CCW, RES Unit TLA (2.5) VM = 5 V/15 V, IOUT = ± 20 mA OS = High/Low, Xin = 4.19 MHz (Note 1) Idc LA = 0 V or Open, Hall IN = 100 Hz VHYS mA ° V Note 1: OS = High 1.5 V Turn-on signal (U, V, W) TOFF 1.5 V TOFF Turn-on signal (X, Y, Z) 1.5 V 1.5 V OS = Low Turn-on signal (U, V, W) VM - 1.5 V TOFF VM - 1.5 V VM - 1.5 V TOFF VM - 1.5 V Turn-on signal (X, Y, Z) 8 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Functional Description 1. Basic operation The motor is driven by the square-wave turn-on signal based on a positional signal. When the positional signal reaches number of rotations f = 5 Hz or higher, the rotor position is assumed according to the positional signal and a modulation wave is generated. The modulation wave and the triangular wave are compared then the sine-wave PWM signal is generated and the motor is driven. From start to 5 Hz: When driven by square wave (120° turn-on) f = fosc/(212 ´ 32 ´ 6) 5 Hz~: When driven by sine-wave PWM (180° turn-on) When fosc = 4 MHz, approx. 5 Hz 2. Function to stabilize bootstrap voltage (1) (2) When voltage instruction is input at Ve < = 0.2 V: Turns on the lower transistor at regular (carrier) cycle. (On duty is approx. 8%) When voltage instruction is input at Ve > 0.2 V: During sine-wave drive, outputs drive signal as it is. During square-wave drive, forcibly turns on the lower transistor at regular (carrier) cycle. (On duty is approx. 8%) Note: At startup, to charge the upper transistor gate power supply, turn the lower transistor on for a fixed time with Ve < = 0.2 V. 3. Dead time function: upper/lower transistor output off-time When driving the motor by sine-wave PWM, to prevent a short circuit caused by simultaneously turning on upper and lower external power devices, digitally generates dead time in the IC. Dead time: Td = 16/fosc (s) When fosc = 4 MHz, approx. Td = 4 ms. fosc = reference clock (crystal oscillation) 4. Correcting lead angle The lead angle can be corrected in the turn-on signal range from 0 to 58° in relation to the induced voltage. Analog input from LA pin (0 to 5 V divided by 32) 0 V = 0° 5 V = 58° (when more than 5 V is input, 58°) 5. Setting carrier frequency Sets triangular wave cycle (carrier cycle) necessary for generating PWM signal. (The triangular wave is used for forcibly turning on the lower transistor when driving the motor by square wave.) Carrier cycle = fosc/252 (Hz) fosc = reference clock (crystal oscillation) 6. Switching the output of turn-on signal Switches the output of turn-on signal between high and low. Pin OS: High = active high Low = active low 7. Outputting reverse rotation detection signal Detects motor rotation direction every electrical angle of 360°. (The output is high immediately after reset) REV terminal increases with a 180° turn-on mode at the time of High-Z. CW/CCW Pin Low (CW) Actual Motor Rotating Direction REV Pin CW (forward) High-Z CCW (reverse) Low CW (forward) Low CCW (reverse) High-Z High (CCW) 9 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F 8. Protecting input pin 1. 2. Overcurrent protection (Pin Idc) When the DC-link-current exceeds the internal reference voltage, performs gate block protection. Overcurrent protection is released for each carrier frequency. Reference voltage = 0.5 V (typ.) Gate block protection (Pin RES) When the input signal level is Low, turns off the output; when High, restarts the output. Detects abnormality externally and inputs the signal to the pin RES. RES Pin Low 3. OS Pin Output Turn-on Signal (U, V, W, X, Y, Z) Low High High Low (When RES = Low, bootstrap capacitor charging stops.) Internal protection · Positional signal abnormality protection · When the positional signal is HHH or LLL, turns off the output; otherwise, restarts the output. Low power supply voltage protection (VCC monitor) When power supply is on/off, prevents damage caused by short-circuiting power device by keeping the turn-on signal output at high impedance outside the operating voltage range. VCC Power supply voltage 8.5 V (typ.) 7.5 V (typ.) GND VM Turn-on signal Output at high impedance Output 10 Output at high impedance 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Operation Flow Positional signal (Hall IC) Phase U Position detector U Counter X Phase V V Phase matching (Phase U) Y Phase Sine-wave pattern W (modulation signal) Comparator W Z Voltage instruction Driven by square wave (Note) Output ON duty (U, V, W) 92% 0.2 V (typ.) 4.6 V Voltage instruction Ve Note: Output ON time is decreased by the dead time. (carrier frequency ´ 92% - Td ´ 2) Driven by sine wave 100% Modulation ratio (modulation signal) Oscillator Triangular wave (carrier frequency) System clock generator 0 0.2 V (typ.) 5 V (Vrefout) Voltage instruction Ve 11 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F The modulation waveform is generated using Hall signals. Then, the modulation waveform is compared with the triangular wave and a sine-wave PWM signal is generated. The time (electrical angle: 60°) from the rising (or falling) edges of the three Hall signals to the next rising (or rising) edges are counted. The counted time is used as the data for the next 60° phase of the modulation waveform. There are 32 items of data for the 60° phase of the modulation waveform. The time width of one data item is 1/32 of the time width of the 60° phase of the previous modulation waveform. The modulation waveform moves forward by the width. HU (6) (1) (3) *HU, HV, HW: Hall signals HV (5) (2) HW (6)’ (1)’ (2)’ (3)’ SU SV Sw In the above diagram, the modulation waveform (1)’ data moves forward by the 1/32 time width of the time (1) from HU: to HW: ¯. Similarly, data (2)’ moves forward by the 1/32 time width of the time (2) from HW: ¯ to HV: . If the next edge does not occur after the 32 data items end, the next 32 data items move forward by the same time width until the next edge occurs. *t 32 31 30 6 5 4 3 2 1 SV (1)’ 32 data items * t = t(1) ´ 1/32 The phases are matched between every rising edge of the HU signal and the modulation waveform. The modulation waveform is reset in sync with the rising edge of the HU signal at every electrical angle of 360°. Thus, when the Hall signal rising edge is mispositioned or at acceleration/deceleration, the modulation waveform is non-consecutive at every reset. 12 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Timing Charts Hall signal (input) Hu Hv Hw FG signal (output) FG Turn-on signal when driven by square wave (output) U V W X Y Z Su Modulation waveform when driven by sine wave (inside of IC) Sv Sw Forward Hall signal (input) Hu Hv Hw FG signal (output) FG U V Turn-on signal W when driven by square wave X (output) Y Z Su Modulation waveform when driven by sine wave (inside of IC) Sv Sw Reverse 13 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Operating Waveform When Driven by Square Wave (CW/CCW = Low, OS = High) Hall signal HU HV HW Output waveform U X V Y W Z Enlarged waveform W TONU Td TONL Td Z To stabilize the bootstrap voltage, the lower outputs (X, Y, and Z) are always turned on at the carrier cycle even during off time. At that time, the upper outputs (U, V, and W) are assigned dead time and turned off at the timing when the lower outputs are turned on. (Td varies with input Ve) Carrier cycle = fosc/252 (Hz) Dead time: Td = 16/fosc (s) (In more than Ve = 4.6 V) TONL = carrier cycle ´ 8% (s) (Uniformity) When the motor is driven by a square wave, acceleration/deceleration is determined by voltage Ve. The motor accelerates/decelerates according to the On duty of TONU (see the diagram of output On duty on page 11). Note: At startup, the motor is driven by a square wave when the Hall signals are 5 Hz or lower (fosc = 4 MHz) and the motor is rotating in the reverse direction as the TB6551F controls it (REV = High). 14 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Operating Waveform When Driven by Sine-Wave PWM (CW/CCW = Low, OS = High) Generation inside of IC Modulation signal Triangular wave (carrier frequency) Phase U Phase V Phase W Output waveform U X V Y W Z Inter-line voltage VUV (U-V) VVW (V-W) VWU (W-U) When the motor is driven by a sine wave, the motor is accelerated/decelerated according to the On duty of TONU when the amplitude of the modulation symbol changes by voltage Ve (see the diagram of output On duty on page 11). Triangular wave frequency = carrier frequency = fosc/252 (Hz) Note: At startup, the motor is driven by a sine wave when the Hall signals are 5 Hz or higher (fosc = 4 MHz) and the motor is rotating in the same direction as the TB6551F controls it (REV = Low). 15 2002-06-12 REV FG CW/CCW Idc RES Vrefout S-GND 12/15 11/14 17/21 2/3 18/22 24/30 13/16 3/4 1/1 22/27 19/23 20/25 21/26 15/19 14/17 Power-on reset Regulator Counter Rotating direction ST/SP Protection CW/CCW BRK (CHG) & ERR reset GB FG 23/29 5-bit AD Internal Phase reference matching voltage Position detector System clock generator Vrefout 4 bit LA Output waveform generator Comparator Selecting data HU HV HW PWM Phase W Phase V Phase U Triangular wave generator 6-bit 120°turn-on matrix Charger 120/180 Comparator Comparator Comparator Switching 120°/180° & gate block protection on/off 16/20 10/12 7/8 9/10 6/7 5V OS Z W Y V X U VM (Note 1) (Note 1) Pre-driver (charge pump) 16 Hall IC signal Driver M Power supply for motor TB6539N/F 2002-06-12 ※ The pin numbers shown above are for the TB6539N/TB6539F Setting dead time 8/9 5/6 4/5 Note 3: The IC may be destroyed by short-circuiting outputs, or connecting outputs to the supply or ground. Thus, take great care when designing output lines, VCC, VM, and GND lines. Also be careful not to insert the IC in the wrong direction because this could destroy the IC. Note 2: Connect P-GND to signal ground on an application circuit. Note 1: For preventing the IC from misoperation caused by noise for example connect to ground as required. MCU VCC Ve HW HV HU Xout (Note 2) P-GND Xin Example of Application Circuit 15 V TB6539N/F Package Dimensions Weight: 1.62 g (typ.) 17 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F Package Dimensions Weight: 0.63 g (typ.) 18 2002-06-12 TB6539N/F RESTRICTIONS ON PRODUCT USE 000707EBA · TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of such TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property. In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified operating ranges as set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please keep in mind the precautions and conditions set forth in the “Handling Guide for Semiconductor Devices,” or “TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability Handbook” etc.. · The TOSHIBA products listed in this document are intended for usage in general electronics applications (computer, personal equipment, office equipment, measuring equipment, industrial robotics, domestic appliances, etc.). These TOSHIBA products are neither intended nor warranted for usage in equipment that requires extraordinarily high quality and/or reliability or a malfunction or failure of which may cause loss of human life or bodily injury (“Unintended Usage”). Unintended Usage include atomic energy control instruments, airplane or spaceship instruments, transportation instruments, traffic signal instruments, combustion control instruments, medical instruments, all types of safety devices, etc.. Unintended Usage of TOSHIBA products listed in this document shall be made at the customer’s own risk. · The products described in this document are subject to the foreign exchange and foreign trade laws. · The information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. No responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA CORPORATION for any infringements of intellectual property or other rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any intellectual property or other rights of TOSHIBA CORPORATION or others. · The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. 19 2002-06-12 This datasheet has been download from: www.datasheetcatalog.com Datasheets for electronics components.