TOSHIBA TB9060FN

TB9060FN
Preliminary
TOSHIBA CMOS Digital Integrated Circuit Silicon Monolithic
TB9060FN
3-Phase Full-Wave Sensorless Controller for Brushless DC Motors
The TB9060FN is a 3-phase full-wave sensorless controller for
brushless DC motors. It is capable of controlling voltage by PWM
signal input. When combined with various drive circuits, it can be
used for various types of motors.
Features
·
3-phase full-wave sensorless drive
·
PWM control (PWM signal is applied externally.)
·
Turn-on signal output current: 20 mA
·
Overcurrent protection function
·
Forward/reverse modes
·
Lead angle control function (0°, 7.5°, 15° and 30°)
·
Lap turn-on function
·
Two types of PWM output (upper PWM and upper/lower alternate PWM)
·
Rotational speed sensing function
Weight: 0.10 g (typ.)
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TB9060FN
Block Diagram
VDD
13
SEL_BIT0
6
15 OUT_UP
SEL_BIT1
7
16 OUT_VP
SEL_LAP
9
SEL_OUT
5
Turn-on
signal
forming
circuit
PWM control
PWM
3
CW_CCW
4
LA0
1
LA1
2
XTin
11
XT
10
Timing
control
17 OUT_WP
19 OUT_UN
20 OUT_VN
21 OUT_WN
Rotation instruction
circuit
14 OUT_FG
Lead angle
setting circuit
Clock generator
circuit
Overcurrent
protection circuit
23 OC
Position
detection circuit
24 WAVE
12
8
GND
TEST
Pin Assignment
TB9060FN
LA0
1
24
WAVE
LA1
2
23
OC
PWM
3
22
NC
CW_CCW
4
21
OUT_WN
SEL_OUT
5
20
OUT_VN
SEL_BIT0
6
19
OUT_UN
SEL_BIT1
7
18
NC
TEST
8
17
OUT_WP
SEL_LAP
9
16
OUT_VP
XT
10
15
OUT_UP
XTin
11
14
OUT_FG
GND
12
13
VDD
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TB9060FN
Pin Description
Pin No.
Symbol
I/O
1
LA0
I
Description
Lead angle setting signal input pin
･ LA0 = Low, LA1 = Low: Lead angle 0°
･ LA0 = High, LA1 = Low: Lead angle 7.5°
･ LA0 = Low, LA1 = High: Lead angle 15°
2
LA1
I
･ LA0 = High, LA1 = High: Lead angle 30°
･ Built-in pull-down resistor (100 kW)
PWM signal input pin
･ Applies active low PWM signal
3
PWM
I
･ Built-in pull-up resistor (100 kW)
･ Disables input of duty-100% (low) signal
High for 250 ns or longer is required.
Rotation direction signal input pin
4
CW_CCW
I
･ High: Reverse (U ® W ® V)
･ Low, Open: Forward (U ® V ® W)
･ Built-in pull-down resistor (100 kW)
Pin to select the synthesis method of turn-on signal and PWM signal
･ Low: Upper PWM
5
SEL_OUT
I
･ High: Upper/Lower alternate PWM
･ Built-in pull-down resistor (100 kW)
The number of counter bit (within the IC) select pin
6
SEL_BIT0
I
The forced commutation frequency at the time of start is determined by the
resonator’s frequency and the number of counter bit.
･ SEL_BIT0 = High, SEL_BIT1 = High: 16 bits
･ SEL_BIT0 = Low, SEL_BIT1 = High: 14 bits
7
SEL_BIT1
I
･ SEL_BIT0 = High, SEL_BIT1 = Low: 12 bits
･ SEL_BIT0: Built-in pull-down resistor (100 kW),
SEL_BIT1: Built-in pull-up resistor (100 kW)
Test pin
8
TEST
I
･ Built-in pull down resistor (10 kW)
Please connect this pin to GND in your application.
Lap turn-on select pin
･ Low: Lap turn-on
9
SEL_LAP
I
･ High: 120° turn-on
･ Built-in pull-up resistor (100 kW)
10
XT
¾
Resonator connecting pin
･ Selects starting commutation frequency.
(BIT + 3)
11
XTin
¾
12
GND
¾
Starting commutation frequency fst = Resonator frequency fxt/(6 ´ 2
)
BIT: The number of counter bit which is decided by SEL_BIT0 and SEL_BIT1.
Connected to ground.
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TB9060FN
Pin No.
Symbol
I/O
13
VDD
¾
14
OUT_FG
O
Description
Connected to 5-V power supply.
Rotation signal output pin
･ Motor is stopped or starting: Low
･ Motor is in operation: The level is changed by electrical frequency of the motor.
U-phase upper turn-on signal output pin
15
OUT_UP
O
･ U-phase winding wire positive ON/OFF switching pin
･ ON: Low, OFF: High
V-phase upper turn-on signal output pin
16
OUT_VP
O
･ V-phase winding wire positive ON/OFF switching pin
･ ON: Low, OFF: High
W-phase upper turn-on signal output pin
17
OUT_WP
O
･ W-phase winding wire positive ON/OFF switching pin
･ ON: Low, OFF: High
18
NC
¾
Not connected
U-phase lower turn-on signal output pin
19
OUT_UN
O
･ U-phase winding wire negative ON/OFF switching pin
･ ON: High, OFF: Low
V-phase lower turn-on signal output pin
20
OUT_VN
O
･ V-phase winding wire negative ON/OFF switching pin
･ ON: High, OFF: Low
W-phase lower turn-on signal output pin
21
OUT_WN
O
･ W-phase winding wire negative ON/OFF switching pin
･ ON: High, OFF: Low
22
NC
¾
Not connected
Overcurrent signal input pin
23
OC
I
･ High on this pin can put constraints on the turn-on signal which is performing
PWM control.
･ Built-in pull-up resistor (100 kW)
Position signal input pin
24
WAVE
I
･ Applies majority logic synthesis signal of three-phase pin voltage.
･ Built-in pull-up resistor (100 kW)
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TB9060FN
Functional Description
1. Sensorless Drive
On receipt of PWM signal start instruction, turn-on signal for forced commutation (commutation
irrespective of the motor’s rotor position) is driven onto pins 15 to 17 and pins 19 to 21, and the motor
starts to rotate. The motor’s rotation causes induced voltage on winding wire pin for each phase.
When signals indicating positive or negative for pin voltage (including induced voltage) for each phase
are applied on respective position signal input pin, the turn-on signal for forced commutation is
automatically switched to turn-on signal for position signal (induced voltage).
Thereafter turn-on signal is formed according to the induced voltage contained in the pin voltage so as to
drive the brushless DC motor.
Sensorless drive timing charts (lead angles: 0°, 7.5°, 15° and 30°) are shown below.
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TB9060FN
Figure 1
Pin voltage
30°
Sensorless drive timing chart (lead angle: 0°°)
Reference voltage (Vn)
30°
Vu
Vv
Vw
Position signal
The waveform of the reference voltage (Vn) is compared with that of pin voltage
(Vu, Vv and Vw) to generate Pu, Pv and Pw.
Pu
Pv
Pw
Ps is derived by the taking of a majority vote from Pu, Pv and Pw.
Ps
The Ps is squared to generate Qs.
Acknowledge signal
Qs (within the IC)
A
C
B
D
E
F
A
Mode
Timer 1
Delay time is set for T/2 by timer 2 based on T cycle of timer 1.
T
Timer 2
T/2
Period during which an inductive voltage is not detected is set
for 3T/4 by timer 3 based on T cycle of timer 1.
Timer 3
T
3T/4
Zero-cross point is detected after the 3T/4 period.
Zero-cross detection period
Turn-on signal
U
+
-
V
+
-
W
+
-
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TB9060FN
Figure 2
Pin voltage
Sensorless drive timing chart (lead angle: 7.5°°)
Reference voltage (Vn)
37.5° 22.5°
Vu
Vv
Vw
Position signal
The waveform of the reference voltage (Vn) is compared with that of pin voltage
(Vu, Vv and Vw) to generate Pu, Pv and Pw.
Pu
Pv
Pw
Ps is derived by the taking of a majority vote from Pu, Pv and Pw.
Ps
The Ps is squared to generate Qs.
Acknowledge signal
Qs (within the IC)
A
B
D
C
E
F
A
Mode
Timer 1
Ｔ
Delay time is set for T/2 - 7.5° by timer 2 based on T cycle of timer 1.
Timer 2
T
T/2-7.5° Period during which an inductive voltage is not detected is set
for 3T/4 by timer 3 based on T cycle of timer 1.
Timer 3
3T/4
Zero-cross point is detected after the 3T/4 period.
Zero-cross detection period
Turn-on signal
U
+
-
V
+
-
W
+
-
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TB9060FN
Figure 3
Pin voltage
45°
Sensorless drive timing chart (lead angle: 15°°)
Reference voltage (Vn)
15°
Vu
Vv
Vw
The waveform of the reference voltage (Vn) is compared with that of pin voltage
(Vu, Vv and Vw) to generate Pu, Pv and Pw.
Position signal
Pu
Pv
Pw
Ps is derived by the taking of a majority vote from Pu, Pv and Pw.
Ps
The Ps is squared to generate Qs.
Acknowledge signal
Qs (within the IC)
A
B
D
C
E
F
A
Mode
Timer 1
T
Delay time is set for T/2 - 15° by timer 2 based on T cycle of timer 1.
Timer 2
T
T/2-15° Period during which an inductive voltage is not detected is set
for 3T/4 by timer 3 based on T cycle of timer 1.
Timer 3
3T/4
Zero-cross point is detected after the 3T/4 period.
Zero-cross detection period
Turn-on signal
U
+
-
V
+
-
W
+
-
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TB9060FN
Figure 4
Pin voltage
Sensorless drive timing chart (lead angle: 30°°)
Reference voltage (Vn)
60°
Vu
Vv
Vw
The waveform of the reference voltage (Vn) is compared with that of pin voltage
(Vu, Vv and Vw) to generate Pu, Pv and Pw.
Position signal
Pu
Pv
Pw
Ps is derived by the taking of a majority vote from Pu, Pv and Pw.
Ps
The Ps is squared to generate Qs.
Acknowledge signal
Qs (within the IC)
F
A
B
C
D
E
F
A
Mode
Timer 1
Ｔ
Delay time is set for T/2 - 30° by timer 2 based on T cycle of timer 1.
Timer 2
Ｔ
T/2-30°
Period during which an inductive voltage is not detected is set
for 3T/4 by timer 3 based on T cycle of timer 1.
Timer 3
3T/4
Zero-cross point is detected after the 3T/4 period.
Zero-cross detection period
Turn-on signal
U
+
-
V
+
-
W
+
-
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TB9060FN
2. Starting commutation frequency (resonator pin and counter bit select pin)
The forced commutation frequency at the time of start is determined by the resonator’s frequency and
the number of counter bit (within the IC).
SEL_BIT0 = High, SEL_BIT1 = High: Bit = 16
SEL_BIT0 = Low, SEL_BIT1 = High: Bit = 14
SEL_BIT0 = High, SEL_BIT1 = Low: Bit = 12
Starting commutation frequency fst = Resonator frequency fxt/(6 ´ 2 (BIT + 3))
(BIT: The number of counter bit which is decided by SEL_BIT0 and SEL_BIT1.)
The forced commutation frequency at the time of start can be adjusted using inertia of the motor and
load.
· The forced commutation frequency should be set higher as the number of magnetic poles increases.
· The forced commutation frequency should be set lower as the inertia of the load increases.
2.1 Forced commutation pattern
Forced commutation is performed at the timings as shown below according to the state of CW_CCW.
The commutation pattern immediately after the motor starts is always the same.
(1)
Forward rotation (CW_CCW = Low)
Electrical degree
30°
60°
H
H
60°
60°
60°
60°
Start
M
U-phase output voltage
M
L
H
H
M
V-phase output voltage
L
M
L
W-phase output voltage
(2)
L
M
H
H
60°
60°
M
L
L
30°
60°
60°
H
H
Reverse rotation (CW_CCW = High)
Electrical degree
60°
Start
M
U-phase output voltage
M
L
L
H
M
M
V-phase output voltage
L
L
H
W-phase output voltage
H
M
H
M
L
L
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TB9060FN
3. PWM Control
PWM signal can be reflected in turn-on signal by applying PWM signal externally.
The frequency of the PWM signal shoud be set adequately high with regard to the electrical frequency of
the motor and in accordance to the switching characteristics of the drive circuit.
Because positional detection is performed on the falling edges of PWM signal, positional detection cannot
be performed with 0% duty or 100% duty.
Duty (max)
250 ns
Duty (min)
250 ns
The voltage applied to the motor is duty 100% because of the storage time of the drive circuit even if the
duty is 99%.
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TB9060FN
4. Selecting PWM Output Form
PWM output form can be selected using SEL_OUT.
SEL_OUT = Low
Upper
turn-on
signal
Lower
turn-on
signal
Output
voltage
SEL_OUT = High
Upper
turn-on
signal
Lower
turn-on
signal
Output
voltage
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TB9060FN
5. Positional Variation
Since positional detection is performed in synchronization with PWM signal, positional variation occurs
in connection with the frequency of PWM signal. Be especially careful when the IC is used for high-speed
motors.
PWM signal
Pin voltage
Pin voltage
Reference voltage
Position signal
Ideal detection timing
First detection
Second detection
Actual detection timing
Variation is calculated by detecting at two consecutive rising edges of PWM signal.
1/fp < Detection time variation < 2/fp
fp: PWM frequency
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TB9060FN
6. Lead Angle Control
The lead angle is 0° during the starting forced commutation and when normal commutation is started,
automatically changes to the lead angle which has been set using LA0 and LA1. However, if both LA0 and
LA1 are set high, the lead angle is 30° in the starting forced commutation as well as in natural
commutation.
U
Induced voltage
(1) Lead angle: 0°
Turn-on signal
V
W
30°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
22.5°
(2) Lead angle 7.5°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
15°
(3) Lead angle 15°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(4) Lead angle 30°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
7. Lap Turn-on Control
When SEL_LAP = High, the turn-on degree is 120°. When SEL_LAP = Low, Lap Turn-on Mode starts.
In Lap Turn-on Mode, the time between zero-cross point and the 120° turn-on timing becomes longer
(shaded area in the below chart) so as to create some overlap when switching turn on signals. The lap time
differs depending on the lead angle setting.
U
Induced voltage
(1) Lead angle: 0°
Turn-on signal
V
W
Lap Turn-on Area
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(2) Lead angle 7.5°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(3) Lead angle 15°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
(4) Lead angle 30°
OUT_UP
OUT_UN
OUT_VP
OUT_VN
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
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TB9060FN
8. Start/Stop Control
Start/Stop is controlled using PWM signal input pin.
A stop is acknowledged when PWM signal duty is 0, and a start is acknowledged when ON-signal of a
frequency 2 times higher than the resonator frequency or even higher is applied successively.
Timing chart
PWM signal
Detection timing
2 cycle periods or more at the resonator frequency
Start
512 cycle periods at the resonator frequency
First detection
Second detection
Start
PWM
Detection
Stop
512 cycle periods at the resonator frequency
First detection
Second detection and stop
Note: Take sufficient care for noise on PWM signal input pin.
9. Rotation Signal Monitor Function
The rotation signal that senses rotational speed and indicates errors including motor lock is driven onto
the OUT_FG pin. Low voltage is driven onto the pin at forced commutation of starting and stopping the
motor. After natural commutation (position signal is detected) is performed for 480 electrical degrees, the
rotation signal in synchronization with the U-phase position detection result is driven onto the pin. If
motor lock occurs due to overload during rotation, the forced commutation of starting the motor is
performed and low voltage is driven onto the pin.
It is possible to determine an error from the relationship between duty cycle of PWM signal and rotation
frequency.
480 electrical degrees
Position signal
U-phase pin voltage
Rotation signal
OUT_FG
10. Pull-out of Synchronism
If you do not receive the OUT_FG output at the specified frequency while monitoring the rotation signal
(OUT_FG output), please restart the TB9060FN.
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TB9060FN
Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C)
Characteristics
Symbol
Rating
Unit
Power supply voltage
VDD
6.0
V
Input voltage
VIN
-0.2~VDD + 0.2
V
Turn-on signal output current
IOUT
20
mA
Power dissipation
PD
850
mW
Operating temperature
Topr
-40~125
°C
Storage temperature
Tstg
-55~150
°C
Lead Temperature－Time
Tsol
260(10s)
°C
Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = -40~125°C)
Characteristics
Symbol
Test Condition
Min
Typ.
Max
Unit
Power supply voltage
VDD
¾
4.5
5.0
5.5
V
Input voltage
VIN
¾
-0.2
¾
VDD
+ 0.2
V
fPWM
¾
¾
16
¾
kHz
fosc
¾
1.0
¾
10
MHz
PWM frequency
Oscillation frequency
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TB9060FN
Electrical Characteristics (VDD = 5 V, Ta = -40 to 125°C)
Characteristics
Static power supply current
Dynamic power supply current
Symbol
Test
Circuit
IDD
¾
IDD (opr)
Min
Typ.
Max
Unit
PWM = H, XTin = H
¾
0.1
0.3
mA
¾
PWM = 50%Duty, XTin = 4 MHz
¾
1
3
mA
IIN-1 (H)
¾
VIN = 5 V, PWM, OC, WAVE
SEL_LAP, SEL_BIT1
¾
0
1
IIN-1 (L)
¾
VIN = 0 V, PWM, OC, WAVE
SEL_LAP, SEL_BIT1
-100
-50
¾
IIN-2 (H)
¾
VIN = 5 V, CW_CCW, LA0,
LA1, SEL_OUT, SEL_BIT0
¾
50
100
IIN-2 (L)
¾
VIN = 0 V, CW_CCW, LA0,
LA1, SEL_OUT, SEL_BIT0
-1
0
¾
VIN (H)
¾
4.0
¾
VDD
VIN (L)
¾
GND
¾
1.0
VH
¾
PWM, OC, SEL_LAP
CW_CCW, WAVE, LA0
LA1, SEL_OUT
SEL_BIT0, SEL_BIT1
¾
0.6
¾
VO-1 (H)
¾
IOH = -1mA
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
4.0
¾
VDD
VO-1 (L)
¾
IOL = 20 mA
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
GND
¾
0.7
VO-2 (H)
¾
3.8
¾
VDD
VO-2 (L)
¾
IOL = 1 mA
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
GND
¾
0.7
VO-3 (H)
¾
IOH = －1 mA, OUT_FG
4.0
¾
VDD
VO-3 (L)
¾
IOL = 1 mA, OUT_FG
GND
¾
0.7
¾
VDD = 5.5 V, VOUT = 0 V
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
OUT_FG
¾
0
15
IL (L)
¾
VDD = 5.5 V、VOUT = 5.5 V
OUT_UP, OUT_VP, OUT_WP
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
OUT_FG
¾
0
15
tpLH
¾
¾
0.5
1
tpHL
¾
¾
0.5
1
Input current
Input voltage
Input hysteresis voltage
Output voltage
IL (H)
Output leak current
Output delay time
Note1:
Test Condition
mA
V
V
V
IOH = -20 mA
OUT_UN, OUT_VN, OUT_WN
Ｖ
mA
PWM - Output
mS
Output delay time test waveforms
5V
5V
PWM input
PWM input
50％
50％
50％
50％
GND
VOH
GND
VOH
PWM output (OUT_UP,
OUT_VP,OUT_WP)
PWM output (OUT_UN,
OUT_VN,OUT_WN)
50％
50％
50％
50％
VOL
VOL
tpLH
tpHL
tpHL
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TB9060FN
Application Circuit Example
0.1 W
VM
5V
VDD
OUT_UP
CW_CCW
OUT_UN
H/L
SEL_BIT0
OUT_VP
H/L
SEL_BIT1
H/L
LA0
H/L
LA1
H/L
SEL_OUT
H/L
SEL_LAP
M
100 kW ´ 3
PWM
OUT_WP
OUT_WN
1W
TB9060FN
OUT_VN
1 kW
22 pF
10 kW
100 kW
200 W
TEST
0.01 mF
TA75393P
100 W
TA75393P
200 W
1 kW
0.01 mF
TA75393P
0.01 mF
10 kW
3 kW
CPU
1 kW
GND
1 kW
0.01 mF
10 kW
OUT_FG
XTin
4 MHz
3 kW
WAVE
XT
100 kW
OC
Note 2: Take enough care in designing output VDD line and ground line to avoid short circuit between outputs, VDD
fault or ground fault which may cause the IC to break down.
Note 3: The above application circuit and values mentioned are just an example for reference. Since the values may
vary depending on the motor to be used, appropriate values must be determined through experiments
before using the device.
Note 4: TEST pin is only used for factory test, so connect it to ground in application.
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TB9060FN
Package Dimensions
Weight: 0.10 g (typ.)
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TB9060FN
RESTRICTIONS ON PRODUCT USE
000707EAA_S
· TOSHIBA is continually working to improve the quality and reliability of its products. Nevertheless, semiconductor
devices in general can malfunction or fail due to their inherent electrical sensitivity and vulnerability to physical
stress. It is the responsibility of the buyer, when utilizing TOSHIBA products, to comply with the standards of
safety in making a safe design for the entire system, and to avoid situations in which a malfunction or failure of
such TOSHIBA products could cause loss of human life, bodily injury or damage to property.
In developing your designs, please ensure that TOSHIBA products are used within specified operating ranges as
set forth in the most recent TOSHIBA products specifications. Also, please keep in mind the precautions and
conditions set forth in the “Handling Guide for Semiconductor Devices,” or “TOSHIBA Semiconductor Reliability
Handbook” etc..
· The information contained herein is presented only as a guide for the applications of our products. No
responsibility is assumed by TOSHIBA CORPORATION for any infringements of intellectual property or other
rights of the third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under
any intellectual property or other rights of TOSHIBA CORPORATION or others.
· The information contained herein is subject to change without notice.
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