FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Features Description • • • • • • The FAN8463MP/MTC is a BTL single phase BLDC motor A low voltage operation : 2.3V to 5.5V Locked rotor protection and auto retry. Open collector FG output Open collector 1/2 FG output. Hall bias voltage output. TSD protection. driver and it’s typical application is note PC cooling fans with low voltage operation(3.3/5V). 14-TSSOP Typical Applications • • Instrumentation Fans Note PC Fans 10-MLP Ordering Information Device Package Operating Temp. FAN8463MTC 14-TSSOP −30°C ~ 90°C FAN8463MTCX 14-TSSOP −30°C ~ 90°C 10-MLP −30°C ~ 90°C FAN8463MPX Note X : Tape & Reel ©2005 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation FAN8463 Rev. 1.0.0 1 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver March 2005 FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Block Diagrams(10MLP) GND 6 VCC 8 OUT1 HB Reference Out 2 5 TSD OUT2 360R IN1 VCC 7 R 1 1/2FG 10 360R IN2 R 3 FG 9 Lock detector & Auto restart LD 4 FG & 1/2FG Pin Definitions Pin Number Pin Name I/O Pin Function Description Remark 14TSSOP 10MLP 1 1 IN1 A Hall amplifier input 1 2 2 HB O Reference voltage output for hall bias - 3 3 IN2 A Hall amplifier input 2 - 4 - NC - 5 4 LD A - - Sawtooth wave generator for lock detector and automatic restart 6 - NC - 7 5 OUT1 A Motor output 1 8 6 GND P Ground 9 - NC 10 7 OUT2 A 11 - NC - 12 8 VCC P Power supply 13 9 FG O Speed output for 4 pole motor Open collector 14 10 1/2FG O Speed output for 8 pole motor Open collector FAN8463 Rev. 1.0.0 - - Motor output 2 - 2 - www.fairchildsemi.com Parameter Maximum power supply voltage Symbol Value Unit VCCMAX 9.0 V 178(14TSSOP case1) Thermal resistance Rja o 208(10MLP case1) 57(10MLP case2) C/W 0.7(14TSSOP case1) Maximum power dissipation PDMAX Maximum output voltage Maximum output current 0.6( 10MLP case1) 2.2( 10MLP case2) W VOMAX 10.5 V IOMAX 0.5note1 A Maximum FG output current IFG1 5 mA FG output withstanding voltage VFG1 9 V Maximum 1/2FG output current IFG2 5 mA 1/2FG output withstanding voltage VFG2 9 V Operating temperature TOPR −30 ~ 90 °C Storage temperature TSTG −55 ~ 150 °C Case 1 Case 2 Remark Pd is measured base on the JEDEC/ Power STD(JESD plane(Cu) 51-2) GND plane(Cu) PCB(glass-epoxy) Via Pd= 0.6/0.7W Pd= 2.2W Note 1. Should not exceed PD or SOA value. 2. Refer: EIA/JESD 51-2 & EIA/JESD 51-3 & EIA/JESD 51-5 & EIA/JESD 51-7 3. Case 1: Single layer PCB with 1 signal plane only, PCB size 76mm × 114mm × 1.6mm. 4. Case 2: Multi layer PCB with 1 signal, 1 power and 1 ground planes, PCB size 76mm × 114mm × 1.6mm, Cu plane sizes for power and ground 74mm × 74mm × 0.035mm, thermal via hole pitch 0.9mm, via hole φ size 0.3mm, 6 via hole. FAN8463 Rev. 1.0.0 3 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C) Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = 25°C) Parameter Supply voltage Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit VCC 2.3 - 5.5 V 4 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Power Dissipation Curve FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Equivalent Circuits Description Pin No. (10MLP) Hall input 1,3 Internal Circuit VCC 1 3 VCC HB 2 2 VCC Output 5,7 FG/ 1/2FG 9 , 10 5 7 9 10 5 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com (Ta = 25°C, VCC = 3.3V unless otherwise specified) Parameter Symbol Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Total Supply current ICC Output off - 15 21 mA Hall bias voltage VHB Iref=5mA 1.1 1.2 1.3 V LD charging current ILDC VLD=0V-->1.0V, VLD=1.0V 1.4 2.2 2.9 µA LD discharging current ILDD VLD=2V-->1.0V, VLD=1.0V 0.15 0.33 0.50 µA Lock Detector & Auto Restart LD clamp voltage VLDCL - 0.8 1.2 1.6 V LD comparator voltage VLDCP - 0.4 0.6 0.8 V Output Stage Output saturation voltage (Upper+Lower) VOS IO=100mA - 0.2 0.4 V VFGS1 IFG1=5mA - 0.1 0.3 V FG output leakage current IFGL1 VFG1=5.5V - 0.1 10 µA 1/2FG output saturation voltage VFGS2 IFG2=5mA - 0.1 0.3 V 1/2FG output leakage current IFGL2 VFG2=5.5V - 0.1 10 µA Speed output(FG) FG output saturation voltage Hall Amplifier Input range note1 VHDC - 0.3 - VCC-1 V Hall amplifier gain GHA - 47 50 53 dB note: 1. Design guaranteed value 6 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Electrical Characteristics 1. BTL Single phase motor driver(OUT1, OUT2) Using a BTL to drive a single-phase BLDC motor provides several advantages for dc fans over a H-bridge drive. A BTL drive has linear switching characteristics; hence, the BTL topology reduce commutation switching noise. 2. Locked Rotor Protection and Automatic Restart When the rotor is locked, there is no change in input signal of hall amplifier and thus a internal TZERO pulse is not observed. A capacitor(CLD) connected LD pin is continually charged by internal current source(ILDC) to internal threshold (VLDCL) resulting from no Tzero pulse. When the voltage,VCLD on LD pin, reaches VLDCL, the speed information output (FG, 1/2FG) becomes floating high or low. When the VCLD reaches upper threshold, VLDCL, VCLD starts to decrease with internal current sink(ILDD) to the low threshold, VLDCP. At that time, the VCLD ramps up again and one of two outputs is turned on depending on locked rotor position during TON.The charging and discharging repeat until locked condition is removed, or FAN8463 is powered down. The overall time chart is shown in figure.1. The auto- retry time(TON), the motor protection time(TOFF), the locked rotor detection time(TLOCK) are proportional to external capacitor, CLD and each value can be calculated as follows; T T ON OFF T C × (V –V ) LD LDCL LDCP = -------------------------------------------------------------------------I LDC C × (V –V ) LD LDCL LDCP = -------------------------------------------------------------------------I LDD C × VLDCL LD ---------------------------≅ LOCK I LDC For example, CLD = 0.33uF, then TON =0.09Sec,TOFF=0.6Sec,TLOCK =0.18Sec. 7 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Application Information Rotor NSNSNSN N SNSNSNS IN1 IN2 TOFF TON VLDCL VLDCP LD Tzero OUT2 OUT1 1/2FG FG 1 rotation Motor Locked Lock Released 8 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Figure 1. The Overall Time chart Figure 2. Hall Sensor Interface V+ RH1 2 IN2 HB 3 IN2 3 FAN8463 FAN8463 Ri Ri Hall 1 Sensor IN1 Hall 1 Sensor IN1 RH RH2 case2 case1 The hall current (IH) is determined as follows; V+ V HB I H = -------------------RH + Ri I H = ------------------------------------------R H1 + R H2 + R i case1 case2 Where, RH1 or RH2 is an external limiting resistor and Ri is input impedance of hall sensor. An external resistor, RH1 or RH2, can be used to decide an amplitude of hall signal. The input range of hall amplifier is between 0.3V and VCC-1.0V as shown in following figure. Figure 3. Hall Amplifier Input Range VCC IN 1 or IN 2 IN 1 or IN 2 O U T1 or O U T2 O U T1 or O U T2 VC C /2 H all input available range VC C -1V ~ 0.3V GND Table1. Hall Sensor Outputs and Related Pin outputs IN1 IN2 LD OUT 1 OUT 2 FG L H Low Level H L H H L Low Level L H L ROTATING - - - L or H LOCK - Remark 4. Open Collector FG and 1/2FG Output for Speed Feedback The FG output comes from the hall amplifier output. Because the FG output is open collector type, end user can pull up this pin with a external resistor to the supply voltage of their choice(that is 5 or 3.3V). This FG output signal has two pulses per revolution on a four pole motor and 1/2FG output signal has one pulse per revolution on a eight pole motor. It is recommended that this FG output be higher than the GND potential. 5. Supply Voltage Consideration A supply sustain capacitor(CR) should be placed as close to VCC pin with GND as layout permits. A reverse supply protection diode(DR) prevent motor current from recirculating to power source when phase commutation occur. This results in increasing VCC pin voltage. This capacitor absorbs motor recirculating current and limits VCC pin voltage. In general, large motor winding inductance and current need large value of CR. 6. Thermal Shutdown TSD on: Two high side outputs are off.(Typ. 175oC) TSD off:The circuit can be reactivated and begin to operate in a normal condition. (Typ. 150oC) 9 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver 3. Hall Sensor Amplifier FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Typical Application Circuits V+ CR VCC 8 GND 6 OUT1 HB Reference Out 2 5 TSD OUT2 360R V+ IN1 VCC 7 R 1 RH1 Hall Sensor 1/2FG 10 360R IN2 RH2 R 3 FG 9 LD 4 CLD Lock detector & Auto restart FG & 1/2FG 1 IN1 * Internal HB bias HB 3 IN2 2 Hall Sensor RH Recommended Parts Values V+ CLD 5V 3.3V 0.33µF RH1 RH2 RH 1KΩ 220Ω 220Ω 1KΩ 0Ω 150Ω Condition Hall input impedance : Ri Hall output impedance : Ro Ri=Ro=300Ω * Resistor (RH1, RH2, RH) values depend on the motor. 10 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com 11 FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Package dimensions 14-TSSOP 12 FAN8463 Rev.1.0.0 www.fairchildsemi.com FAN8463 BTL Single Phase Full Wave BLDC Motor Driver Package Dimensions (Unit: mm) 10MLP FAN8463 Rev. 1.0.0 13 www.fairchildsemi.com TRADEMARKS The following are registered and unregistered trademarks Fairchild Semiconductor owns or is authorized to use and is not intended to be an exhaustive list of all such trademarks. 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PRODUCT STATUS DEFINITIONS Definition of Terms Datasheet Identification Product Status Definition Advance Information Formative or In Design This datasheet contains the design specifications for product development. Specifications may change in any manner without notice. Preliminary First Production This datasheet contains preliminary data, and supplementary data will be published at a later date. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design. No Identification Needed Full Production This datasheet contains final specifications. Fairchild Semiconductor reserves the right to make changes at any time without notice in order to improve design. Obsolete Not In Production This datasheet contains specifications on a product that has been discontinued by Fairchild semiconductor. The datasheet is printed for reference information only. Rev. I15