PRELIMINARY QPI-8L ® QuietPower ™ AdvancedTCATM Hot-Swap SiP With Active EMI Filter Description Features The QPI-8 is the industry’s first System-in-a-Package (SiP) designed to integrate a total Hot-Swap function with an active EMI filter. The product aligns with the AdvancedTCA TM PICMG ® 3.0‚ requirements for hot insertion and board level conducted noise limitations. The EMI filter provides active conducted common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) noise attenuation from 150 kHz to 30 MHz. The QPI-8 is designed for use on a 48 or 60 Volt DC bus (36 – 76 Vdc). The in-rush current limit and circuit breaker are designed to satisfy the 200 W per board PICMG ® 3.0 limit up to 70°C PCB temperature around the QPI-8. • >40 dB CM attenuation at 250 kHz The undervoltage and overvoltage thresholds can be trimmed separately via the UVEN and OV inputs using external series resistors. The Powergood active-high output provides opto-coupler drive for a converter’s active-low enable (see Figure 9a) or active-high by connecting the diode in series with the Powergood output (see Figure 9b). • -40° to +100°C PCB temperature (see Figure 5) The QPI-8 is available in a 1.0" x 1.0" x 0.2" SiP (System-ina-Package) with LGA mounting. QPI-EVAL1 kits are available with a mounted QPI-8 and screw terminals for easy insertion and testing. For more information on Evaluation Boards visit us online at picorpower.com. Block Diagram • >70 dB DM attenuation at 250 kHz • 80 Vdc (max input) • 100 Vdc surge 100 ms • 1,500 Vdc Hi-pot hold off to Shield Plane • -48 V and -60 V Telecom/ATCA BUS capability • Provides safe powered backplane board insertion • 6 A Breaker with delay plus 12 A limiter • 1.0" x 1.0" x 0.2" SiP (System-in-a-Package) • QPI-8L Land Grid Array (LGA) • Hot-Swap and filter combination saves space • Efficiency >99% • Connects between OR'ing diodes and power converter input hold-up capacitors • Patents pending Application • ATCA PICMG® 3.0 boards Typical Attenuation PWRGD PowerGood OV UVEN QPI-8 BUS+ BUS+ QPI+ EMI Filter Hot Swap Function SHIELD BUS- QPI+ SW QPI- QPI- SW SHIELD Figure 1 - Block diagram, EMI filter and Hot-Swap Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com Figure 2 - QPI-8 network analyzer attenuation curves QPI-8L Data Sheet Rev. 1.0 Page 1 of 8 PRELIMINARY Absolute Maximum Ratings – Exceeding these parameters may result in permanent damage to the product. Pins BUS+, SW, PWRGD to BUSBUS+, SW, PWRGD to BUSBUS+/BUS- to Shield QPI+ to QPIPackage Package Package Package Package Package Package All pins Parameter Input voltage Input voltage BUS inputs to shield hi-pot Load current Power dissipation Operating temperature Thermal resistance θja Junction temperature Thermal resistance Storage temperature Re-flow temperature ESD Notes Continuous 100 ms transient Min -0.5 Pulsed limit @ 25°C @ 25°C PCB to QPI Interface Free Air Tb = 100°C; Pd = 4 W @15 °C/W PCB layout dependent (Note 1) Typ Max 80 100 +/-1500 12 4.0 100 50 160 15 125 212 +/-2 -40 -40 20 s exposure HBM Units Vdc Vdc Vdc Adc W °C °C/W °C °C/W °C °C kV Note 1: Refer to Figure 15 and QPI application note QPI-AN1 for critical PCB layout guidelines to achieve this thermal resistance when reflowed onto the PCB. Electrical Characteristics – Parameter limits apply over the operating temp. range unless otherwise noted. Symbol Vb+bV+oi V-oi CMA DMA I BUS+ to BUSIPG QPI+ to QPIUV UVHYS OV OVHYS PWGSAT PWGLK Parameter BUS+ to BUS- input range BUS+ to QPI+ voltage drop BUS- to QPI- voltage drop Common-mode attenuation Differential-mode attenuation Input bias current at 80 Volts Load current prior to PWRGD Undervoltage threshold rising Undervoltage hysteresis falling Overvoltage threshold rising Overvoltage hysteresis falling Powergood low voltage Powergood high leakage Notes Measured at ILoad = 5 A (Note 2) Measured at ILoad = 5 A @ 100°C (Note 2) Measured at ILoad = 5 A @ 100°C (Note 2) VBUS = 48 V; Frequency = 250 kHz VBUS = 48 V; Frequency = 250 kHz Input current from BUS+ to BUSCritical maximum DC load Controller disabled to enabled Controller enabled to disabled Controller enabled to disabled Controller disabled to enabled IPWG = 1 mA VPWG = 90 V Min UV Typ Max 80 Units Vdc mVdc mVdc dB dB mA mA V V V V V µA 100 250 45 75 15 25 34 UV – 2 V 76 OV – 4 V 0.2 1 0.6 Note 2: Refer to Figure 5 for current derating curve. Pin Descriptions Pin Name 1, 16 BUS- Negative bus potential 2, 3, 15 SW Negative rail controlled by hot insertion function. SiP Package Outline (bottom view) Description 4 SHIELD Shield connects to the converter shield and Y-capacitor common point via RY. See Figures 9a and 9b. 5, 6 QPI- Negative input to the converter 7, 8 QPI+ Positive input to the converter 10 PWRGD Open collector output that asserts low when power is NOT good. 12, 13 BUS+ Positive bus potential 14 UVEN High side of UV resistor divider 11 OV High side of OV resistor divider 9 Not used No connection Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com NC 9 QPI+ OV 10 11 BUS+ 12 8 7 QPI 8 SIP Package (Bottom View) 6 QPI- PWRGD 5 4 SHIELD 3 2 SW 13 BUS+ 14 UVEN 15 SW 16 BUS- 1 BUS- QPI-8L Data Sheet Rev. 1.0 Page 2 of 8 PRELIMINARY Applications – EMI The QPI-8 is an active EMI filter providing conducted The plot in Figure 4 shows the effect of inserting a QPI-8 common-mode and differential-mode attenuation from filter between the DC bus and the converter input under 150 kHz to 30 MHz. Designed for the telecom and ITE bus the same operating conditions as in Figure 3. The resulting range, the QPI supports the PICMG® 3.0 specification for plot shows the QPI-8 is effective in reducing the measured filtering system boards to the EN 55022 Class B limit. prefiltered total noise spectrum to well below the The QPI-8 attenuates conducted noise and provides the Hot-Swap function required in redundant systems, minimizing design time compared to using discrete approaches while minimizing the uncertainty that the system will pass the compliance requirements. EN 55022 Quasi-peak detection limit. Using the Quasipeak detection measurement mode would result in lower amplitudes by the error factor this method introduces. Applications – Hot-Swap The QPI-8 6 Amp rating provides filtering for up to 288 Watts of power from a 48 V bus with a 70ºC PCB temperature. It is well suited for the 200 Watt per board limit in the PICMG ® 3.0. The 1.0" x1.0" x 0.2" surface mount LGA package provides ease of manufacturing by eliminating through-hole assembly. The current derating curve shown in Figure 5 should be used when the PCB temperature that the QPI-8 is mounted to exceeds 70ºC. Figure 3 – Conducted EMI profile of a DC-DC converter. The plots in Figures 3 and 4 were taken using the standard 50Ω/50µH LISN and measurement conditions with the peak detection mode of the spectrum analyzer for a conducted EMI test. The results show the total noise QPI Differential Current (A) 8 6 4 2 0 spectrum for a particular converter and load compared to 0 the CISPR22 EN 55022 Class B Quasi-peak detection limit. PCB to QPI Interface Derating Curve Over Temperature (Deg. C) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Figure 5 – QPI-8 current derating curve over temperature. The QPI-8 is designed to have an undervoltage range of 32 V to 34 V set points when the UVEN pin is tied directly to the BUS+ pin. The QPI-8 becomes enabled when the input voltage exceeds 34 V and continues to work down to 32 V before being disabled. The QPI-8 overvoltage range is designed to be 72 V to 76 V when the OV pin is tied directly to the BUS+ pin. The QPI-8 remains functioning until the input voltage surpasses 76 V, where the QPI-8 will shutdown until the input voltage falls below 72 V. External resistors can be added (see Figures 9a and 9b) to trim the UV and OV trip points higher. The graph in Figure 4 – Conducted EMI profile of a DC-DC converter with QPI-8. Figure 6 shows the trimming effect for a range of external series resistors. The equations in Figure 7 can be used to calculate the UV and OV thresholds. Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com QPI-8L Data Sheet Rev. 1.0 Page 3 of 8 PRELIMINARY 90.00 OV-HI 80.00 OV-LO Voltage 70.00 60.00 50.00 UV-HI 40.00 UV-LO 30.00 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 Series Resistor Figure 6 – Trimming UV/OV with external series resistor. Figure 8 – 5ms BUS transient, 42 W load CH1: VBUS, CH3: PWRGD, CH4: Converter load current To prevent the QPI-8 from going into a fault mode and deasserting the Powergood signal after the transient, the UVENLO = 2.5 (RUVEN + 108450) 8450 converter’s input capacitors must be sized so that they can UVENHI = 2.5 V + (RUVEN + 100 K) (316 µA) pulse, about 1 ms, and still maintain the required input be completely restored in the time of one 12 A current current of the converter. If greater bulk capacitance is OVLO = 2.5 V + (ROV + 200 K) (348 µA) required for higher loads, then the circuit in Figure 9c could be used to slowly charge the capacitors. To reduce OVHI = 2.5 (ROV + 206800) 6800 bulk capacitance and take advantage of the V2 energy relationship, a boost circuit with a switch-over function can be used to charge fewer bulk storage capacitors to a higher voltage. Figure 7 – UVEN and OV resistor equations. It is critical to keep the load current on the converter’s input capacitor to less than 25 mA during the initial power-up phase. This limit is set by the current limit level and the duty cycle of the circuit breaker timer. Once Powergood has been asserted the full load can be enabled. An external capacitor CE, shown in Figures 9a and 9b, will provide the required UVEN hold-up filtering during the ATCA's 5 ms, zero-volt BUS transient requirement. Figure 8 shows the effects of CE during a BUS transient event. Using a 2.2 µF CE capacitor and 1 mF of converter input capacitance will enable this circuit to support a 42 W load for the 5 ms transient. The Powergood state of the QPI-8 remains unchanged during this transient, allowing the converter to maintain its output power to the load. Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com QPI-8L Data Sheet Rev. 1.0 Page 4 of 8 PRELIMINARY PWRGD 50K 75K ROV ENABLE A BUSRUVEN ENABLE B PCB plane under converter CE UVEN BUS+ OV PWRGD QPI+ CB BUS SUPPLY VIN+ CIN QPI-8 47 µF VOUT+ CY CY CONVERTER ON/OFF BUS- SHIELD SW VIN- QPI- VOUTCY BUSRY CY PE Figure 9a – Typical ATCA System with QPI-8 with active-low enable input (Refer to Figure 15 and QPI-AN1 application note for critical PCB layout guidelines) PWRGD 75K ROV ENABLE A RUVEN ENABLE B PCB plane under converter CE UVEN BUS+ OV PWRGD QPI+ CB BUS SUPPLY VIN+ CY CIN QPI-8 47 µF VOUT+ CY CONVERTER ON/OFF BUS- SHIELD SW VIN- QPI- VOUTCY BUS- RY CY PE Figure 9b – Typical ATCA System with QPI-8 with active-high enable input (Refer to Figure 15 and QPI-AN1 application note for critical PCB layout guidelines) BUS+ CHOLD-UP = RC 2* E 2 (VPT – VUVLO2) RB CHOLD-UP where: E = Hold-up energy VPT = Pre-transient voltage VUVLO = Converter’s UV limit PWRGD 20 V BUS – Figure 9c – Powergood controlled, auxiliary bulk storage capacitor charging circuit. Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com QPI-8L Data Sheet Rev. 1.0 Page 5 of 8 PRELIMINARY Performance Waveforms Start-up The following oscilloscope pictures show the Hot-Swap After insertion, when the UVEN voltage exceeds 34 V the BUS- current, QPI- to Bus- voltage and PWRGD (Powergood) UV detection fault is cleared, the QPI-8 goes through a to BUS- output voltage of the QPI-8 during operation. delay cycle (~15 ms) to allow for system de-bounce and Figures 10 and 11 are the QPI-8’s in-rush characteristics stabilization. After this time, the QPI- to BUS- path is under two load capacitance conditions. turned on and current is allowed to pass, monitored by the current sense function. Initially the current level exceeds the 6 A circuit breaker limit, the event timer starts and the Powergood state is not valid. The sense function and linear control loop will allow twice the circuit breaker current to pass. If the current does not drop below the circuit breaker level prior to reaching the timer limit, typically 275 µs, the QPI- to BUS- path will open. The effective duty cycle under the current limit condition is approximately 1%. Once the load capacitors are fully charged to the input bus potential, the load condition falls below 6 A and the PWRGD pin is asserted high, providing that the bus supply is still within the UV and OV range. Figure 10 – 470 µF capacitor @ 48 V CH1: PWRGD, CH2: QPI- to BUS-, CH4: BUS- current Transient Protection and Recovery In Figure 10 a 470 µF capacitor required roughly 170 ms to Figures 12 and 13 show the QPI-8’s ability to handle low completely charge from a 48 V bus voltage. The QPI-8 can resistance shorts (<2 Ω) at the load terminals to emulate drive large amounts of bulk capacitance, as shown in fast and slow blown fuse events. In Figure 12, the Figure 11 with a 4700 µF load capacitance. Under this transient short is 2 seconds long and the QPI- to BUS- path condition the PWRGD signal takes about 8.7 seconds to go is opened within 400 µs of this occurrence. high after the UVEN input is pulled high upon the Figure 13 demonstrates the QPI-8’s performance with a completed insertion of the board into the shelf. Figure 11’s short circuit on its output. The QPI-8 remains in a low duty time-scale is too long to show the current pulses that cycle mode until the short is removed, then restarts normally. charge the bulk capacitance. Figure 11 – 4700 µF capacitor @ 72 V CH1: PWRGD, CH2: QPI- to BUS-, CH4: BUS- current Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com Figure 12 – 2 second short circuit CH1: PWRGD, CH2: QPI- to BUS-, CH4: BUS- current QPI-8L Data Sheet Rev. 1.0 Page 6 of 8 PRELIMINARY 0.9843 0.1773 0.8000 45.000° 0.0625 0.492 0.441 0.400 0.0820 0.300 QPI-8 SIP Package (Bottom View) 0.0820 0.9843 0.100 14 places 0.000 0.100 R0.0410 Figure 13 – Start-up into short circuit CH1: PWRGD, CH2: QPI- to BUS-, CH4: BUS- current 0.300 0.441 0.492 0.100 0.000 0.0200 0.100 0.492 0.441 0.1250 0.300 0.300 0.400 0.441 0.492 0.0820 Figure 14 – LGA Pad, package height and pad location dimensions in inches. QPI-8 PCB Layout Considerations PWRGD OV NC For optimal QPI-8 filtering performance, care must be BUS+ taken when routing the signal paths of RY (see Figures 9a and 9b) and the shield connections on the PC board. The 0.4410 RY resistor must connect between the converter's shield QPI+ 0.4410 SHIELD PLANE UNDER CONVERTER UVEN plane and the shield pin of the QPI-8. The connection to SW the chassis or protective earth, if required, should be QPI- taken directly from the QPI-8 shield pin as shown in BUS- Figures 9a and 9b. RY SHIELD Figure 15 shows how this can be accomplished by using the QPI-8's shield pin to bridge the connection between RY and PE without allowing any parasitic paths that might Figure 15 – Recommended PCB layout pattern. circumvent the QPI-8 and degrade filtering performance. Reference can be made to the QPI-AN1 application note for critical PCB layout recommendations regarding filter performance, but use the QPI-8 pin/pad locations. Some systems may require the converter’s positive or negative QPI Package Outline 14 places 0.485 0.441 0.397 0.0880 0.300 QPI PCB Pad Pattern (Top View) (Protective Earth) ground for safety or other 0.100 0.492 considerations. 0.000 input or output 'terminal' to be connected to PE R0.0440 2 places 0.0440 0.100 When using the QPI in this situation this 'terminal' must 0.397 0.485 value. To meet the resistance requirement without degrading filter performance RY can be replaced by a 0.397 0.441 0.485 0.300 0.100 0.485 0.441 0.397 resistance of this path may be limited to a low resistance 0.000 0.0880 pass excessive current under a fault condition the 0.100 PCB layout under the converter. Because the PE path may 0.0655 0.300 0.300 be connected to the converter shield plane created in the 0.0440 0.1310 Figure 16 – Recommended PCB receiving footprint. 4.7 µH inductor rated for the fault current condition maintaining low power dissipation during a fault until the protection device clears. The shield return PCB traces must be sized to handle this current as well. Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com Ordering Information Part Number Description QPI-8L QPI-8, Land Grid Array Package QPI-8L Data Sheet Rev. 1.0 Page 7 of 8 PRELIMINARY Vicor’s comprehensive line of power solutions includes high-density AC-DC & DC-DC modules and accessory components, fully configurable AC-DC & DC-DC power supplies, and complete custom power systems. Information furnished by Vicor is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Vicor for its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Vicor. Vicor components are not designed to be used in applications, such as life support systems, wherein a failure or malfunction could result in injury or death. All sales are subject to Vicor’s Terms and Conditions of Sale, which are available upon request. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Vicor Corporation 25 Frontage Road, Andover, MA, USA 01810 Tel: 800-735-6200 Fax: 978-475-6715 Picor Corporation • www.picorpower.com • QPI-8L Data Sheet Email Vicor Express: [email protected] Technical Support: [email protected] P/N 30329 Rev. 1.0 6/05