S3C828B/F828B /C8289/F8289 /C8285/F8285 8-BIT CMOS MICROCONTROLLERS USER'S MANUAL Revision 1.3 Important Notice The information in this publication has been carefully checked and is believed to be entirely accurate at the time of publication. Samsung assumes no responsibility, however, for possible errors or omissions, or for any consequences resulting from the use of the information contained herein. Samsung reserves the right to make changes in its products or product specifications with the intent to improve function or design at any time and without notice and is not required to update this documentation to reflect such changes. This publication does not convey to a purchaser of semiconductor devices described herein any license under the patent rights of Samsung or others. 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No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electric or mechanical, by photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written consent of Samsung Electronics. Samsung Electronics' microcontroller business has been awarded full ISO-14001 certification (BSI Certificate No. FM24653). All semiconductor products are designed and manufactured in accordance with the highest quality standards and objectives. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. San #24 Nongseo-Ri, Giheung- Eup Yongin-City, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea C.P.O. Box #37, Suwon 449-900 TEL: (82)-(031)-209-5238 FAX: (82)-(031)-209-6494 Home-Page URL: Http://www.samsungsemi.com Printed in the Republic of Korea NOTIFICATION OF REVISIONS ORIGINATOR: Samsung Electronics, LSI Development Group, Ki-Heung, South Korea PRODUCT NAME: S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 8-bit CMOS Microcontroller DOCUMENT NAME: S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 User's Manual, Revision 1.3 DOCUMENT NUMBER: 21.3-S3-C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285-092005 EFFECTIVE DATE: September, 2005 SUMMARY: As a result of additional product testing and evaluation, some specifications published in S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 User's Manual, Revision 1.3, have been changed. These changes for in S3C828B/F828B/ C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller, which are described in detail in the Revision Descriptions section below, are related to the followings: — Chapter 19. Embedded flash memory interface — Chapter 20. Electrical Data DIRECTIONS: Please note the changes in your copy (copies) of the S3C828B/F828B/C8289 /F8289/C8285/F8285 User’s Manual, Revision 1.3. Or, simply attach the Revision Descriptions of the next page to S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 User’s Manual, Revision 1.3. REVISION HISTORY Revision Date Remark 0 February, 2005 Preliminary Spec for internal release only. 1 April, 2005 First edition. 1.1 June, 2005 Second edition. 1.2 July, 2005 Third edition. 1.3 September, 2005 Fourth edition. REVISION DESCRIPTIONS 1. CHAPTHER 20 ELECTRICAL DATA Table 20-15. Internal Flash ROM Electrical Characteristics (page 20-15) (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Programming Time Chip Erasing Time (1) (2) Sector Erasing Time (3) Data Access Time Number of Writing/Erasing Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Ftp – 30 – – µs Ftp1 50 – – ms Ftp2 10 – – ms FtRS – 25 – ns – – 10,000(4) Times FNWE – NOTES: 1. The Programming time is the time during which one byte (8-bit) is programmed. 2. The Chip Erasing time is the time during which all 64K byte block is erased. 3. The Sector Erasing time is the time during which all 128 byte block is erased. 4. Maximum number of Writing/Erasing is 10,000 times for full-flash(S3F828B) and 100 times for half-flash (S3F8289/F8285). 5. The Chip Erasing is available in Tool Program Mode only. Table 20-6. A/D Converter Electrical Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V, VSS = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Analog input voltage VIAN – VSS – AVREF V Analog input impedance RAN – 2 1000 – MΩ AVREF – 2.0 – VDD V Analog reference voltage 2. CHAPTHER 19. EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE This chapter is modified for only S3F828B. 3. CHAPTHER 12. 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 The Figure12-2 condition ‘Match signal’ should be moved in the page 12-3. Preface The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Microcontroller User's Manual is designed for application designers and programmers who are using the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller for application development. It is organized in two main parts: Part I Programming Model Part II Hardware Descriptions Part I contains software-related information to familiarize you with the microcontroller's architecture, programming model, instruction set, and interrupt structure. It has six chapters: Chapter 1 Product Overview Chapter 4 Control Registers Chapter 2 Address Spaces Chapter 5 Interrupt Structure Chapter 3 Addressing Modes Chapter 6 Instruction Set Chapter 1, "Product Overview," is a high-level introduction to S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 with general product descriptions, as well as detailed information about individual pin characteristics and pin circuit types. Chapter 2, "Address Spaces," describes program and data memory spaces, the internal register file, and register addressing. Chapter 2 also describes working register addressing, as well as system stack and user-defined stack operations. Chapter 3, "Addressing Modes," contains detailed descriptions of the addressing modes that are supported by the S3C8-series CPU. Chapter 4, "Control Registers," contains overview tables for all mapped system and peripheral control register values, as well as detailed one-page descriptions in a standardized format. You can use these easy-to-read, alphabetically organized, register descriptions as a quick-reference source when writing programs. Chapter 5, "Interrupt Structure," describes the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 interrupt structure in detail and further prepares you for additional information presented in the individual hardware module descriptions in Part II. Chapter 6, "Instruction Set," describes the features and conventions of the instruction set used for all S3C8-series microcontrollers. Several summary tables are presented for orientation and reference. Detailed descriptions of each instruction are presented in a standard format. Each instruction description includes one or more practical examples of how to use the instruction when writing an application program. A basic familiarity with the information in Part I will help you to understand the hardware module descriptions in Part II. If you are not yet familiar with the S3C8-series microcontroller family and are reading this manual for the first time, we recommend that you first read Chapters 1–3 carefully. Then, briefly look over the detailed information in Chapters 4, 5, and 6. Later, you can reference the information in Part I as necessary. Part II "hardware Descriptions," has detailed information about specific hardware components of the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller. Also included in Part II are electrical, mechanical, Flash, and development tools data. It has 17 chapters: Chapter 7 Clock Circuit Chapter 16 Serial I/O Interface Chapter 8 RESET and Power-Down Chapter 17 UART Chapter 9 I/O Ports Chapter 18 Battery Level Detector Chapter 10 Basic Timer Chapter 19 Embedded Flash Memory Chapter 11 8-bit Timer A/B Chapter 20 Electrical Data Chapter 12 16-bit Timer 0/1 Chapter 21 Mechanical Data Chapter 13 Watch Timer Chapter 22 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 Flash MCU Chapter 14 LCD Controller/Driver Chapter 23 Development Tools Chapter 15 10-bit-to-Digital Converter Two order forms are included at the back of this manual to facilitate customer order for S3C828B/F828B/C8289/ F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontrollers: the Mask ROM Order Form, and the Mask Option Selection Form. You can photocopy these forms, fill them out, and then forward them to your local Samsung Sales Representative. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER iii Table of Contents Part I — Programming Model Chapter 1 Product Overview S3C8-Series Microcontrollers .......................................................................................................................1-1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Microcontroller.....................................................................1-1 Flash..............................................................................................................................................................1-1 Features ........................................................................................................................................................1-2 Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................................1-4 Pin Assignment .............................................................................................................................................1-5 Pin Descriptions ............................................................................................................................................1-7 Pin Circuits ....................................................................................................................................................1-9 Chapter 2 Address Spaces Overview........................................................................................................................................................2-1 Program Memory (ROM)...............................................................................................................................2-2 Smart Option.........................................................................................................................................2-3 Register Architecture.....................................................................................................................................2-4 Register Page Pointer (PP) ..................................................................................................................2-9 Register Set 1 .......................................................................................................................................2-11 Register Set 2 .......................................................................................................................................2-11 Prime Register Space...........................................................................................................................2-12 Working Registers ................................................................................................................................2-13 Using The Register Points....................................................................................................................2-14 Register Addressing ......................................................................................................................................2-16 Common Working Register Area (C0H–CFH) .....................................................................................2-18 4-Bit Working Register Addressing ......................................................................................................2-19 8-Bit Working Register Addressing ......................................................................................................2-21 System and User Stack.................................................................................................................................2-23 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER v Table of Contents (Continued) Chapter 3 Addressing Modes Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 3-1 Register Addressing Mode (R) ..................................................................................................................... 3-2 Indirect Register Addressing Mode (IR) ....................................................................................................... 3-3 Indexed Addressing Mode (X) ...................................................................................................................... 3-7 Direct Address Mode (DA)............................................................................................................................ 3-10 Indirect Address Mode (IA)........................................................................................................................... 3-12 Relative Address Mode (RA) ........................................................................................................................ 3-13 Immediate Mode (IM).................................................................................................................................... 3-14 Chapter 4 Control Registers Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 4-1 Chapter 5 Interrupt Structure Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 5-1 Interrupt Types ..................................................................................................................................... 5-2 S3C828B/C8289/C8285 Interrupt Structure ........................................................................................ 5-3 Interrupt Vector Addresses .................................................................................................................. 5-5 Enable/Disable Interrupt Instructions (EI, DI) ...................................................................................... 5-7 System-Level Interrupt Control Registers............................................................................................ 5-7 Interrupt Processing Control Points ..................................................................................................... 5-8 Peripheral Interrupt Control Registers ................................................................................................. 5-9 System Mode Register (SYM) ............................................................................................................. 5-10 Interrupt Mask Register (IMR) ............................................................................................................. 5-11 Interrupt Priority Register (IPR)............................................................................................................ 5-12 Interrupt Request Register (IRQ)......................................................................................................... 5-14 Interrupt Pending Function Types........................................................................................................ 5-15 Interrupt Source Polling Sequence ...................................................................................................... 5-16 Interrupt Service Routines ................................................................................................................... 5-16 Generating Interrupt Vector Addresses ............................................................................................... 5-17 Nesting Of Vectored Interrupts ............................................................................................................ 5-17 Instruction Pointer (IP) ......................................................................................................................... 5-17 Fast Interrupt Processing..................................................................................................................... 5-17 Chapter 6 Instruction Set Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 6-1 Data Types........................................................................................................................................... 6-1 Register Addressing............................................................................................................................. 6-1 Addressing Modes ............................................................................................................................... 6-1 Flags Register (FLAGS)....................................................................................................................... 6-6 Flag Descriptions ................................................................................................................................. 6-7 Instruction Set Notation........................................................................................................................ 6-8 Condition Codes .................................................................................................................................. 6-12 Instruction Descriptions........................................................................................................................ 6-13 vi S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER Table of Contents (Continued) Part II Hardware Descriptions Chapter 7 Clock Circuit Overview........................................................................................................................................................7-1 System Clock Circuit ............................................................................................................................7-1 Main Oscillator Circuits.........................................................................................................................7-2 Sub Oscillator Circuits ..........................................................................................................................7-2 Clock Status During Power-Down Modes ............................................................................................7-3 System Clock Control Register (CLKCON) ..........................................................................................7-4 Oscillator Control Register (OSCCON) ................................................................................................7-5 Switching the CPU Clock......................................................................................................................7-6 Chapter 8 RESET and Power-Down System RESET..............................................................................................................................................8-1 Overview...............................................................................................................................................8-1 Normal Mode RESET Operation ..........................................................................................................8-1 Hardware RESET Values .....................................................................................................................8-2 Power-Down Modes ......................................................................................................................................8-5 Stop Mode ............................................................................................................................................8-5 Idle Mode ..............................................................................................................................................8-6 Chapter 9 I/O Ports Overview........................................................................................................................................................9-1 Port Data Registers ..............................................................................................................................9-2 Port 0 ....................................................................................................................................................9-3 Port 1 ....................................................................................................................................................9-7 Port 2 ....................................................................................................................................................9-9 Port 3 ....................................................................................................................................................9-11 Port 4 ....................................................................................................................................................9-13 Port 5 ....................................................................................................................................................9-15 Port 6 ....................................................................................................................................................9-17 Port 7 ....................................................................................................................................................9-19 Port 8 ....................................................................................................................................................9-20 Chapter 10 Basic Timer Overview........................................................................................................................................................10-1 Basic Timer (BT)...................................................................................................................................10-1 Basic Timer Control Register (BTCON) ...............................................................................................10-1 Basic Timer Function Description.........................................................................................................10-3 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER vii Table of Contents (Continued) Chapter 11 8-bit Timer A/B 8-Bit Timer A................................................................................................................................................. 11-1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 11-1 Timer A Control Register (TACON) ..................................................................................................... 11-2 Timer A Function Description............................................................................................................... 11-3 Block Diagram...................................................................................................................................... 11-6 8-Bit Timer B................................................................................................................................................. 11-7 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 11-7 Block Diagram...................................................................................................................................... 11-8 Timer B Pulse Width Calculations ....................................................................................................... 11-9 Chapter 12 16-bit Timer 0/1 16-Bit Timer 0 ............................................................................................................................................... 12-1 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 12-1 Function Description ............................................................................................................................ 12-1 Timer 0 Control Register (T0CON) ...................................................................................................... 12-2 Block Diagram...................................................................................................................................... 12-3 16-Bit Timer 1 ............................................................................................................................................... 12-4 Overview .............................................................................................................................................. 12-4 Timer 1 Control Register (T1CON) ...................................................................................................... 12-5 Timer 1 Function Description ............................................................................................................... 12-6 Block Diagram...................................................................................................................................... 12-9 Chapter 13 Watch Timer Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 13-1 Watch Timer Control Register (WTCON) ............................................................................................ 13-2 Watch Timer Circuit Diagram............................................................................................................... 13-3 Chapter 14 LCD Controller/Driver Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 14-1 LCD Circuit Diagram ............................................................................................................................ 14-2 LCD RAM Address Area ...................................................................................................................... 14-3 LCD Control Register (LCON) ............................................................................................................. 14-4 LCD Voltage Dividing Resistor ............................................................................................................ 14-5 Common (COM) Signals...................................................................................................................... 14-6 Segment (SEG) Signals....................................................................................................................... 14-6 viii S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER Table of Contents (Continued) Chapter 15 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter Overview........................................................................................................................................................15-1 Function Description......................................................................................................................................15-1 Conversion Timing................................................................................................................................15-2 A/D Converter Control Register (ADCON) ...........................................................................................15-2 Internal Reference Voltage Levels .......................................................................................................15-3 Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................................15-4 Chapter 16 Serial I/O Interface Overview........................................................................................................................................................16-1 Programming Procedure ......................................................................................................................16-1 SIO Control Register (SIOCON)...........................................................................................................16-2 SIO PRe-Scaler Register (SIOPS) .......................................................................................................16-3 Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................................16-3 Serial I/O Timing Diagram ....................................................................................................................16-4 Chapter 17 UART Overview........................................................................................................................................................17-1 Programming Procedure ......................................................................................................................17-1 UART Control Register (UARTCON) ...................................................................................................17-2 UART Interrupt Pending Bits ................................................................................................................17-3 UART Data Register (UDATA) .............................................................................................................17-4 UART Baud Rate Data Register (BRDATA).........................................................................................17-4 BAUD Rate Calculations ......................................................................................................................17-4 Block Diagram ...............................................................................................................................................17-6 UART Mode 0 Function Description.....................................................................................................17-7 Serial Port Mode 1 Function Description..............................................................................................17-8 Serial Port Mode 2 Function Description..............................................................................................17-9 Serial Port Mode 3 Function Description..............................................................................................17-10 Serial Communication for Multiprocessor Configurations ....................................................................17-11 Chapter 18 Battery Level Detector Overview........................................................................................................................................................18-1 Battery Level Detector Control Register (BLDCON) ............................................................................18-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER ix Table of Contents (Concluded) Chapter 19 Embedded Flash Memory Interface Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 19-1 User Program Mode............................................................................................................................. 19-2 Flash Memory Control Registers (User Program Mode).............................................................................. 19-3 Flash Memory Control Register ........................................................................................................... 19-3 Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register ............................................................................ 19-4 Flash Memory Sector Address Registers ............................................................................................ 19-5 TM ISP (On-Board Programming) Sector ..................................................................................................... 19-6 ISP Reset Vector and ISP Sector Size ................................................................................................ 19-7 Sector Erase ................................................................................................................................................. 19-8 The Sector Program Procedure in User Program Mode ..................................................................... 19-9 Programming ................................................................................................................................................ 19-10 The Program Procedure in User Program Mode................................................................................. 19-10 Reading ........................................................................................................................................................ 19-11 The Program Procedure in User Program Mode................................................................................. 19-11 Hard Lock Protection .................................................................................................................................... 19-12 The Program Procedure in User Program Mode................................................................................. 19-12 Chapter 20 Electrical Data Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 20-1 Chapter 21 Mechanical Data Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 21-1 Chapter 22 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 Flash MCU Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 22-1 Operating Mode Characteristics .......................................................................................................... 22-5 Chapter 23 Development Tools Overview ....................................................................................................................................................... 23-1 SHINE .................................................................................................................................................. 23-1 SAMA Assembler ................................................................................................................................. 23-1 SASM88 ............................................................................................................................................... 23-1 HEX2ROM ........................................................................................................................................... 23-1 Target Boards ...................................................................................................................................... 23-1 TB828B/9/5 Target Board .................................................................................................................... 23-3 SMDS2+ Selection (SAM8) ................................................................................................................. 23-5 Idle LED ............................................................................................................................................... 23-5 Stop LED.............................................................................................................................................. 23-5 x S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER List of Figures Figure Number Title Page Number 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-11 1-12 1-13 Block Diagram ............................................................................................................1-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-QFP-1420C) ..1-5 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-TQFP-1212) ...1-6 Pin Circuit Type A.......................................................................................................1-9 Pin Circuit Type B.......................................................................................................1-9 Pin Circuit Type C.......................................................................................................1-9 Pin Circuit Type D-1(P3.4, P3.5) ................................................................................1-9 Pin Circuit Type E-4 (P0, P1) .....................................................................................1-10 Pin Circuit Type F-1 (P2.0–P2.6) ...............................................................................1-10 Pin Circuit Type F-2 (P2.7) .........................................................................................1-11 Pin Circuit Type H-4 ...................................................................................................1-11 Pin Circuit Type H-8 (P4, P5) .....................................................................................1-12 Pin Circuit Type H-9 (P3.0-P3.3, P6, P7, P8).............................................................1-12 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-13 2-14 2-15 2-16 2-17 2-18 Program Memory Address Space ..............................................................................2-2 Smart Option...............................................................................................................2-3 Internal Register File Organization (S3C828B/F828B) ..............................................2-6 Internal Register File Organization (S3C8289/F8289) ...............................................2-7 Internal Register File Organization (S3C8285/F8285) ...............................................2-8 Register Page Pointer (PP) ........................................................................................2-9 Set 1, Set 2, Prime Area Register, and LCD Data Register Map...............................2-12 8-Byte Working Register Areas (Slices) .....................................................................2-13 Contiguous 16-Byte Working Register Block .............................................................2-14 Non-Contiguous 16-Byte Working Register Block .....................................................2-15 16-Bit Register Pair ....................................................................................................2-16 Register File Addressing ............................................................................................2-17 Common Working Register Area................................................................................2-18 4-Bit Working Register Addressing ............................................................................2-20 4-Bit Working Register Addressing Example .............................................................2-20 8-Bit Working Register Addressing ............................................................................2-21 8-Bit Working Register Addressing Example .............................................................2-22 Stack Operations ........................................................................................................2-23 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 Register Addressing ...................................................................................................3-2 Working Register Addressing.....................................................................................3-2 Indirect Register Addressing to Register File.............................................................3-3 Indirect Register Addressing to Program Memory .....................................................3-4 Indirect Working Register Addressing to Register File ..............................................3-5 Indirect Working Register Addressing to Program or Data Memory ..........................3-6 Indexed Addressing to Register File ..........................................................................3-7 Indexed Addressing to Program or Data Memory with Short Offset ..........................3-8 Indexed Addressing to Program or Data Memory......................................................3-9 Direct Addressing for Load Instructions .....................................................................3-10 Direct Addressing for Call and Jump Instructions ......................................................3-11 Indirect Addressing.....................................................................................................3-12 Relative Addressing....................................................................................................3-13 Immediate Addressing................................................................................................3-14 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER xi List of Figures (Continued) Figure Number Title Page Number 4-1 Register Description Format ...................................................................................... 4-4 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-5 5-6 5-7 5-8 5-9 S3C8-Series Interrupt Types ..................................................................................... 5-2 S3C828B/C8289/C8285 Interrupt Structure .............................................................. 5-4 ROM Vector Address Area ........................................................................................ 5-5 Interrupt Function Diagram ........................................................................................ 5-8 System Mode Register (SYM) ................................................................................... 5-10 Interrupt Mask Register (IMR) ................................................................................... 5-11 Interrupt Request Priority Groups .............................................................................. 5-12 Interrupt Priority Register (IPR) ................................................................................. 5-13 Interrupt Request Register (IRQ)............................................................................... 5-14 6-1 System Flags Register (FLAGS) ............................................................................... 6-6 7-1 7-2 7-3 7-4 7-5 7-6 7-7 7-8 7-9 7-10 Crystal/Ceramic Oscillator (fx) ................................................................................... 7-2 External Oscillator (fx)................................................................................................ 7-2 RC Oscillator (fx)........................................................................................................ 7-2 Crystal Oscillator (fXT, normal)................................................................................... 7-2 Crystal Oscillator (fXT, for low current)....................................................................... 7-2 External Oscillator (fXT).............................................................................................. 7-2 System Clock Circuit Diagram ................................................................................... 7-3 System Clock Control Register (CLKCON) ............................................................... 7-4 Oscillator Control Register (OSCCON) ..................................................................... 7-5 STOP Control Register (STPCON)............................................................................ 7-5 9-1 9-2 9-3 9-4 9-5 9-6 9-7 9-8 9-9 9-10 9-11 9-12 9-13 9-14 9-15 9-16 9-17 9-18 9-19 9-20 9-21 9-22 Port 0 High-Byte Control Register (P0CONH)........................................................... 9-4 Port 0 Low-Byte Control Register (P0CONL) ............................................................ 9-4 Port 0 High-Byte Interrupt Control Register (P0INTH)............................................... 9-5 Port 0 Low-Byte Interrupt Control Register(P0INTL) ................................................. 9-5 Port 0 Interrupt Pending Register (P0PND)............................................................... 9-6 Port 1 High-Byte Control Register (P1CONH)........................................................... 9-7 Port 1 Low-Byte Control Register (P1CONL) ............................................................ 9-8 Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P1PUR)..................................................... 9-8 Port 2 High-Byte Control Register (P2CONH)........................................................... 9-9 Port 2 Low-Byte Control Register (P2CONL) ............................................................ 9-10 Port 3 High-Byte Control Register (P3CONH)........................................................... 9-11 Port 3 Low-Byte Control Register (P3CONL) ............................................................ 9-12 Port 4 High-Byte Control Register (P4CONH)........................................................... 9-13 Port 4 Low-Byte Control Register (P4CONL) ............................................................ 9-14 Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P4PUR)..................................................... 9-14 Port 5 High-Byte Control Register (P5CONH)........................................................... 9-15 Port 5 Low-Byte Control Register (P5CONL) ............................................................ 9-16 Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P5PUR)..................................................... 9-16 Port 6 High-byte Control Register (P6CONH) ........................................................... 9-17 Port 6 Low-byte Control Register (P6CONL)............................................................. 9-18 Port 7 Control Register (P7CON) .............................................................................. 9-19 Port 8 Control Register (P8CON) .............................................................................. 9-20 xii S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER List of Figures (Continued) Page Number Title Page Number 10-1 10-2 Basic Timer Control Register (BTCON) .....................................................................10-2 Basic Timer Block Diagram ........................................................................................10-4 11-1 11-2 11-3 11-4 11-5 11-6 11-7 11-8 Timer A Control Register (TACON)............................................................................11-2 Simplified Timer A Function Diagram: Interval Timer Mode.......................................11-3 Simplified Timer A Function Diagram: PWM Mode....................................................11-4 Simplified Timer A Function Diagram: Capture Mode................................................11-5 Timer A Functional Block Diagram.............................................................................11-6 Timer B Control Register ............................................................................................11-7 Timer B Functional Block Diagram.............................................................................11-8 Timer B Output Flip-Flop Waveforms in Repeat Mode ..............................................11-10 12-1 12-2 12-3 12-4 12-5 12-6 12-7 Timer 0 Control Register (T0CON).............................................................................12-2 Timer 0 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................................12-3 Timer 1 Control Register (T1CON).............................................................................12-5 Simplified Timer 1 Function Diagram: Interval Timer Mode .......................................12-6 Simplified Timer 1 Function Diagram: PWM Mode ....................................................12-7 Simplified Timer 1 Function Diagram: Capture Mode ................................................12-8 Timer 1 Functional Block Diagram .............................................................................12-9 13-1 13-2 Watch Timer Control Register (WTCON)...................................................................13-2 Watch Timer Circuit Diagram .....................................................................................13-3 14-1 14-2 14-3 14-4 14-5 14-6 14-7 14-8 14-9 14-10 LCD Function Diagram ...............................................................................................14-1 LCD Circuit Diagram...................................................................................................14-2 LCD Display Data RAM Organization ........................................................................14-3 LCD Control Register (LCON)....................................................................................14-4 LCD Voltage Dividing Resistor Connection................................................................14-5 Select/No-Select Signal in 1/2 Duty, 1/2 Bias Display Mode .....................................14-7 Select/No-Select Signal in 1/3 Duty, 1/3 Bias Display Mode .....................................14-7 LCD Signal Waveforms (1/3 Duty, 1/3 Bias) ..............................................................14-8 LCD Signal Waveforms (1/4 Duty, 1/3 Bias) ..............................................................14-9 LCD Signal Waveforms (1/8 Duty, 1/4 Bias) ..............................................................14-10 15-1 15-2 15-3 15-4 A/D Converter Control Register (ADCON) .................................................................15-2 A/D Converter Data Register (ADDATAH/L) ..............................................................15-3 A/D Converter Functional Block Diagram...................................................................15-4 Recommended A/D Converter Circuit for Highest Absolute Accuracy ......................15-5 16-1 16-2 16-3 16-4 16-5 Serial I/O Module Control Registers (SIOCON) .........................................................16-2 SIO Pre-scaler Register (SIOPS) ...............................................................................16-3 SIO Functional Block Diagram ...................................................................................16-3 Serial I/O Timing in Transmit/Receive Mode (Tx at falling, SIOCON.4 = 0) ..............16-4 Serial I/O Timing in Transmit/Receive Mode (Tx at rising, SIOCON.4 = 1) ...............16-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER xiii List of Figures (Concluded) Page Number Title Page Number 17-1 17-2 17-3 17-4 17-5 17-6 17-7 17-8 17-9 17-10 UART Control Register (UARTCON)......................................................................... 17-2 UART Interrupt Pending Bits (INTPND.5–.4) ............................................................ 17-3 UART Data Register (UDATA) .................................................................................. 17-4 UART Baud Rate Data Register (BRDATA).............................................................. 17-4 UART Functional Block Diagram ............................................................................... 17-6 Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 0 Operation .................................................... 17-7 Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 1 Operation .................................................... 17-8 Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 2 Operation .................................................... 17-9 Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 3 Operation .................................................... 17-10 Connection Example for Multiprocessor Serial Data Communications..................... 17-12 18-1 18-2 18-3 Block Diagram for Battery Level Detect..................................................................... 18-1 Battery Level Detector Control Register (BLDCON).................................................. 18-2 Battery Level Detector Circuit and Block Diagram .................................................... 18-3 19-1 19-2 19-3 19-4 19-5 19-6 Flash Memory Control Register (FMCON) ................................................................ 19-3 Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR).................................. 19-4 Flash Memory Sector Address Register High Byte (FMSECH) ................................ 19-5 Flash Memory Sector Address Register Low Byte (FMSECL).................................. 19-5 Program Memory Address Space.............................................................................. 19-6 Sector Configurations in User Program Mode........................................................... 19-8 20-1 20-2 20-3 20-4 20-5 20-6 20-7 20-8 20-9 20-10 20-11 Input Timing for External Interrupts ........................................................................... 20-5 Input Timing for nRESET ........................................................................................... 20-5 Stop Mode Release Timing Initiated by RESET........................................................ 20-6 Stop Mode Release Timing Initiated by Interrupts..................................................... 20-7 LVR (Low Voltage Reset) Timing .............................................................................. 20-9 Serial Data Transfer Timing....................................................................................... 20-10 Waveform for UART Timing Characteristics.............................................................. 20-11 Timing Waveform for the UART Module.................................................................... 20-12 Clock Timing Measurement at XIN ............................................................................. 20-14 Clock Timing Measurement at XTIN .......................................................................... 20-14 Operating Voltage Range .......................................................................................... 20-15 21-1 21-2 Package Dimensions (80-QFP-1420C) ..................................................................... 21-1 Package Dimensions (80-TQFP-1212) ..................................................................... 21-2 22-1 22-2 22-3 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-QFP-1420C) ..................................... 22-2 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-TQFP-1212)...................................... 22-3 Operating Voltage Range .......................................................................................... 22-6 23-1 23-2 23-3 23-4 SMDS Product Configuration (SMDS2+)................................................................... 23-2 TB828B/9/5 Target Board Configuration ................................................................... 23-3 40-Pin Connectors (J101, J102) for TB828B/9/5....................................................... 23-7 S3E8280 Cables for 80-QFP Package...................................................................... 23-7 xiv S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER List of Tables Table Number Title Page Number 1-1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pin Descriptions ...............................1-7 2-1 2-2 2-3 S3C828B/F828B Register Type Summary.................................................................2-4 S3C8289/F8289 Register Type Summary .................................................................2-5 S3C8285/F8285 Register Type Summary .................................................................2-5 4-1 4-2 4-3 Set 1 Registers ...........................................................................................................4-1 Set 1, Bank 0 Registers..............................................................................................4-2 Set 1, Bank 1 Registers..............................................................................................4-3 5-1 5-2 5-3 Interrupt Vectors .........................................................................................................5-6 Interrupt Control Register Overview ...........................................................................5-7 Interrupt Source Control and Data Registers .............................................................5-9 6-1 6-2 6-3 6-4 6-5 6-6 Instruction Group Summary........................................................................................6-2 Flag Notation Conventions .........................................................................................6-8 Instruction Set Symbols..............................................................................................6-8 Instruction Notation Conventions ...............................................................................6-9 Opcode Quick Reference ...........................................................................................6-10 Condition Codes .........................................................................................................6-12 8-1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Set 1 Register and Values After RESET ............................................................................................8-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Set 1, Bank0 Register and Values After RESET ............................................................................................8-3 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Set 1, Bank1 Register and Values After RESET ............................................................................................8-4 8-2 8-3 9-1 9-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port Configuration Overview ............9-1 Port Data Register Summary......................................................................................9-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER xv List of Tables (Continued) Table Number Title Page Number 17-1 Commonly Used Baud Rates Generated by BRDATA.............................................. 17-5 18-1 BLDCON Value and Detection Level......................................................................... 18-3 19-1 19-2 19-3 Descriptions of Pins Used to Read/Write the Flash in Tool Program Mode.............. 19-2 ISP Sector Size.......................................................................................................... 19-7 Reset Vector Address ................................................................................................ 19-7 20-1 20-2 20-3 20-4 20-5 20-6 20-7 20-8 20-9 20-10 20-11 20-12 20-13 20-14 20-15 Absolute Maximum Ratings ....................................................................................... 20-2 D.C. Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................... 20-2 A.C. Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................... 20-5 Input/Output Capacitance .......................................................................................... 20-6 Data Retention Supply Voltage in Stop Mode ........................................................... 20-6 A/D Converter Electrical Characteristics ................................................................... 20-8 Low Voltage Reset Electrical Characteristics ............................................................ 20-9 Battery Level Detector Electrical Characteristics....................................................... 20-9 Synchronous SIO Electrical Characteristics .............................................................. 20-10 UART Timing Characteristics in Mode 0 (11.1MHz) ................................................. 20-11 Main Oscillator Characteristics .................................................................................. 20-13 Sub Oscillation Characteristics .................................................................................. 20-13 Main Oscillation Stabilization Time ............................................................................ 20-14 Sub Oscillation Stabilization Time ............................................................................. 20-14 Internal Flash ROM Electrical Characteristics ........................................................... 20-15 22-1 22-2 22-3 22-4 Descriptions of Pins Used to Read/Write the Flash ROM ......................................... 22-4 Comparison of S3F828B/F8289/F8285 and S3C828B/C8289/C8285 Features ...... 22-4 Operating Mode Selection Criteria............................................................................. 22-5 D.C. Electrical Characteristics ................................................................................... 22-5 23-1 23-2 23-3 23-4 23-5 23-6 Power Selection Settings for TB828B/9/5.................................................................. 23-4 Main-clock Selection Settings for TB828B/9/5 .......................................................... 23-4 Device Selection Settings for TB828B/9/5................................................................. 23-5 The SMDS2+ Tool Selection Setting ......................................................................... 23-5 Smart Option Source Selection Settings for TB828B/9/5 .......................................... 23-6 Smart Option Switch Setting for TB828B/9/5............................................................. 23-6 xvi S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER List of Programming Tips Description Chapter 2: Page Number Address Spaces Using the Page Pointer for RAM clear (Page 0, Page1) ..........................................................................2-10 Setting the Register Pointers ....................................................................................................................2-14 Using the RPs to Calculate the Sum of a Series of Registers..................................................................2-15 Addressing the Common Working Register Area.....................................................................................2-19 Standard Stack Operations Using PUSH and POP..................................................................................2-24 Chapter 7: Clock Circuit Switching the CPU Clock ..........................................................................................................................7-6 Chapter 11: 8-bit Timer A/B To Generate 38 kHz, 1/3 duty Signal Through P3.0.................................................................................11-11 To Generate a one Pulse Signal Through P3.0........................................................................................11-12 Chapter 19: Embedded Flash Memory Interface Sector Erase .............................................................................................................................................19-9 Program ....................................................................................................................................................19-10 Reading.....................................................................................................................................................19-11 Hard Lock Protection ................................................................................................................................19-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER xvii List of Register Descriptions Register Identifier ADCON BLDCON BTCON CLKCON FLAGS FMCON FMSECH FMSECL FMUSR IMR INTPND IPH IPL IPR IRQ LCON OSCCON P0CONH P0CONL P0INTH P0INTL P0PND P1CONH P1CONL P1PUR P2CONH P2CONL P3CONH P3CONL P4CONH P4CONL P4PUR Full Register Name Page Number A/D Converter Control Register ................................................................................. 4-5 Battery Level Detector Control Register .................................................................... 4-6 Basic Timer Control Register ..................................................................................... 4-7 System Clock Control Register .................................................................................. 4-8 System Flags Register ............................................................................................... 4-9 Flash Memory Control Register ................................................................................. 4-10 Flash Memory Sector Address Register (High Byte) ................................................. 4-11 Flash Memory Sector Address Register (Low Byte) .................................................. 4-11 Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register .................................................. 4-12 Interrupt Mask Register .............................................................................................. 4-13 Interrupt Pending Register ......................................................................................... 4-14 Instruction Pointer (High Byte) ................................................................................. 4-15 Instruction Pointer (Low Byte) .................................................................................. 4-15 Interrupt Priority Register ........................................................................................... 4-16 Interrupt Request Register ......................................................................................... 4-17 LCD Control Register ................................................................................................. 4-18 Oscillator Control Register ......................................................................................... 4-19 Port 0 Control Register (High Byte)............................................................................ 4-20 Port 0 Control Register (Low Byte) ............................................................................ 4-21 Port 0 Interrupt Control Register (High Byte) ............................................................. 4-22 Port 0 Interrupt Control Register (Low Byte).............................................................. 4-23 Port 0 Interrupt Pending Register............................................................................... 4-24 Port 1 Control Register (High Byte)............................................................................ 4-25 Port 1 Control Register (Low Byte) ............................................................................ 4-26 Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register .................................................................... 4-27 Port 2 Control Register (High Byte)............................................................................ 4-28 Port 2 Control Register (Low Byte) ............................................................................ 4-29 Port 3 Control Register (High Byte)............................................................................ 4-30 Port 3 Control Register (Low Byte) ............................................................................ 4-31 Port 4 Control Register (High Byte)............................................................................ 4-32 Port 4 Control Register (Low Byte) ............................................................................ 4-33 Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register .................................................................... 4-34 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER xix List of Register Descriptions (Continued) Register Identifier P5CONH P5CONL P5PUR P6CONH P6CONL P7CON P8CON PP RP0 RP1 SIOCON SPH SPL STPCON SYM T0CON T1CON TACON TBCON UARTCON WTCON xx Full Register Name Page Number Port 5 Control Register (High Byte) ............................................................................4-35 Port 5 Control Register (Low Byte).............................................................................4-36 Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register.....................................................................4-37 Port 6 Control Register (High Byte) ............................................................................4-38 Port 6 Control Register (Low Byte).............................................................................4-39 Port 7 Control Register ...............................................................................................4-40 Port 8 Control Register ...............................................................................................4-41 Register Page Pointer ................................................................................................4-42 Register Pointer 0 .......................................................................................................4-43 Register Pointer 1 .......................................................................................................4-43 SIO Control Register ..................................................................................................4-44 Stack Pointer (High Byte) ...........................................................................................4-45 Stack Pointer (Low Byte) ............................................................................................4-45 Stop Control Register .................................................................................................4-46 System Mode Register ...............................................................................................4-47 Timer 0 Control Register ............................................................................................4-48 Timer 1 Control Register ............................................................................................4-49 Timer A Control Register ............................................................................................4-50 Timer B Control Register ............................................................................................4-51 UART Control Register...............................................................................................4-52 Watch Timer Control Register ....................................................................................4-53 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER List of Instruction Descriptions Instruction Mnemonic ADC ADD AND BAND BCP BITC BITR BITS BOR BTJRF BTJRT BXOR CALL CCF CLR COM CP CPIJE CPIJNE DA DEC DECW DI DIV DJNZ EI ENTER EXIT IDLE INC INCW IRET JP JR LD LDB Full Register Name Page Number Add with Carry............................................................................................................ 6-14 Add ............................................................................................................................. 6-15 Logical AND ............................................................................................................... 6-16 Bit AND....................................................................................................................... 6-17 Bit Compare ............................................................................................................... 6-18 Bit Complement.......................................................................................................... 6-19 Bit Reset ..................................................................................................................... 6-20 Bit Set ......................................................................................................................... 6-21 Bit OR ......................................................................................................................... 6-22 Bit Test, Jump Relative on False ............................................................................... 6-23 Bit Test, Jump Relative on True................................................................................. 6-24 Bit XOR....................................................................................................................... 6-25 Call Procedure............................................................................................................ 6-26 Complement Carry Flag ............................................................................................. 6-27 Clear ........................................................................................................................... 6-28 Complement ............................................................................................................... 6-29 Compare..................................................................................................................... 6-30 Compare, Increment, and Jump on Equal ................................................................. 6-31 Compare, Increment, and Jump on Non-Equal ......................................................... 6-32 Decimal Adjust ........................................................................................................... 6-33 Decrement.................................................................................................................. 6-35 Decrement Word ........................................................................................................ 6-36 Disable Interrupts ....................................................................................................... 6-37 Divide (Unsigned)....................................................................................................... 6-38 Decrement and Jump if Non-Zero.............................................................................. 6-39 Enable Interrupts ........................................................................................................ 6-40 Enter ........................................................................................................................... 6-41 Exit.............................................................................................................................. 6-42 Idle Operation............................................................................................................. 6-43 Increment ................................................................................................................... 6-44 Increment Word.......................................................................................................... 6-45 Interrupt Return .......................................................................................................... 6-46 Jump........................................................................................................................... 6-47 Jump Relative............................................................................................................. 6-48 Load............................................................................................................................ 6-49 Load Bit ...................................................................................................................... 6-51 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER xxi List of Instruction Descriptions (Continued) Instruction Mnemonic LDC/LDE LDCD/LDED LDCI/LDEI LDCPD/LDEPD LDCPI/LDEPI LDW MULT NEXT NOP OR POP POPUD POPUI PUSH PUSHUD PUSHUI RCF RET RL RLC RR RRC SB0 SB1 SBC SCF SRA SRP/SRP0/SRP1 STOP SUB SWAP TCM TM WFI XOR xxii Full Register Name Page Number Load Memory..............................................................................................................6-52 Load Memory and Decrement ....................................................................................6-54 Load Memory and Increment......................................................................................6-55 Load Memory with Pre-Decrement.............................................................................6-56 Load Memory with Pre-Increment ..............................................................................6-57 Load Word ..................................................................................................................6-58 Multiply (Unsigned) .....................................................................................................6-59 Next.............................................................................................................................6-60 No Operation ..............................................................................................................6-61 Logical OR ..................................................................................................................6-62 Pop from Stack ...........................................................................................................6-63 Pop User Stack (Decrementing).................................................................................6-64 Pop User Stack (Incrementing) ..................................................................................6-65 Push to Stack..............................................................................................................6-66 Push User Stack (Decrementing)...............................................................................6-67 Push User Stack (Incrementing) ................................................................................6-68 Reset Carry Flag.........................................................................................................6-69 Return .........................................................................................................................6-70 Rotate Left ..................................................................................................................6-71 Rotate Left through Carry ...........................................................................................6-72 Rotate Right................................................................................................................6-73 Rotate Right through Carry.........................................................................................6-74 Select Bank 0..............................................................................................................6-75 Select Bank 1..............................................................................................................6-76 Subtract with Carry .....................................................................................................6-77 Set Carry Flag.............................................................................................................6-78 Shift Right Arithmetic ..................................................................................................6-79 Set Register Pointer....................................................................................................6-80 Stop Operation............................................................................................................6-81 Subtract ......................................................................................................................6-82 Swap Nibbles..............................................................................................................6-83 Test Complement under Mask ...................................................................................6-84 Test under Mask .........................................................................................................6-85 Wait for Interrupt .........................................................................................................6-86 Logical Exclusive OR..................................................................................................6-87 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C8-SERIES MICROCONTROLLERS Samsung's S3C8 series of 8-bit single-chip CMOS microcontrollers offers a fast and efficient CPU, a wide range of integrated peripherals, and various mask-programmable ROM sizes. Among the major CPU features are: — Efficient register-oriented architecture — Selectable CPU clock sources — Idle and Stop power-down mode release by interrupt — Built-in basic timer with watchdog function A sophisticated interrupt structure recognizes up to eight interrupt levels. Each level can have one or more interrupt sources and vectors. Fast interrupt processing (within a minimum of four CPU clocks) can be assigned to specific interrupt levels. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 MICROCONTROLLER The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 single-chip CMOS microcontroller are fabricated using the highly advanced CMOS process, based on Samsung’s newest CPU architecture. The S3C828B, S3C8289, S3C8285 are a microcontroller with a 64K-byte, 32K-byte, 16K-byte mask-programmable ROM embedded respectively. — Nine programmable I/O ports, including six 8-bit ports, and one 7-bit port, one 6-bit port, one 4-bit port, for a total of 65 pins. — Eight bit-programmable pins for external interrupts. — One 8-bit basic timer for oscillation stabilization and watchdog functions (system reset). The S3F828B is a microcontroller with a 64K-byte Flash ROM embedded. The S3F8289 is a microcontroller with a 32K-byte Flash ROM embedded. The S3F8285 is a microcontroller with a 16K-byte Flash ROM embedded. — Two 8-bit timer/counter and two 16-bit timer/counter with selectable operating modes. Using a proven modular design approach, Samsung engineers have successfully developed the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 by integrating the following peripheral modules with the powerful SAM8 core: — Synchronous SIO modules — Watch timer for real time. — LCD Controller/driver — A/D converter with 8 selectable input pins The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 is versatile microcontroller for camera, LCD and ADC application, etc. They are currently available in 80pin TQFP and 80-pin QFP package FLASH The S3F828B/F8289/F8285 are FLASH version of the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 microcontroller. The S3F828B microcontroller has an on-chip FLASH ROM instead of a masked ROM. The S3F828B/F8289/F8285 is comparable to the S3C828B/C8289/C8285, both in function and in pin configuration. The S3F828B only is a full flash. The full flash means that data can be written into the program ROM by an instruction. 1-1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 FEATURES CPU 8-Bit Timer/Counter A • • Programmable 8-bit internal timer • • External event counter function PWM and capture function SAM88 RC CPU core Memory • Program Memory (ROM) - 64K × 8 bits program memory (S3C828B/F828B) - 32K × 8 bits program memory (S3C8289/F8289) - 16K × 8 bits program memory (S3C8285/F8285) - Internal flash memory (program memory) √ Sector size: 128 bytes √ 10 years data retention √ Fast programming time: + chip erase: 50ms + sector erase: 10ms + byte program: 30µs √ √ √ √ √ √ • User programmable by 'LDC' instruction Endurance: 10,000 erase/program cycles Sector(128 bytes) erase available Byte programmable External serial programming support Expandable OBPTM(on board program) sector Data Memory (RAM) - Including LCD display data memory - 2614 × 8 bits data memory (S3C828B/F828B) - 1078 × 8 bits data memory (S3C8289/F8289) - 566 × 8 bits data memory (S3C8285/F8285) Instruction Set • 78 instructions • Idle and stop instructions added for power-down modes 65 I/O Pins • I/O: 25 pins • 8 interrupt levels and 18 interrupt sources Fast interrupt processing feature 8-Bit Basic Timer • • 1-2 • • Programmable 8-bit internal timer Carrier frequency generator 16-Bit Timer/Counter 0 • Programmable 16-bit internal timer 16-Bit Timer/Counter 1 • Programmable 16-bit internal timer • • External event counter function PWM and capture function Watch Timer • • Interval time: 3.91mS, 0.25S, 0.5S, and 1S at 32.768 kHz 0.5/1/2/4 kHz Selectable buzzer output LCD Controller/Driver • 32 segments and 8 common terminals • • 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, and 1/8 duty selectable Internal resistor circuit for LCD bias Analog to Digital Converter • 8-channel analog input • • 10-bit conversion resolution 25uS conversion time UART • Full-duplex serial I/O interface • Four programmable operating modes I/O: 40 pins(Sharing with LCD signal outputs) Interrupts • • 8-Bit Timer/Counter B Watchdog timer function 4 kinds of clock source 8-bit Serial I/O Interface • 8-bit transmit/receive mode • 8-bit receive mode • LSB-first or MSB-first transmission selectable • Internal or External clock source S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PRODUCT OVERVIEW FEATURES (Continued) Battery Level Detector • 3-creteria voltage selectable (2.2V, 2.4V, 2.8V) • En/Disable by software for current consumption Low Voltage Reset(LVR) • Criteria voltage: 2.2V • En/Disable by smart option(ROM address: 3FH) Two Power-Down Modes • • Idle: only CPU clock stops Stop: selected system clock and CPU clock stop Oscillation Sources • Crystal, ceramic, or RC for main clock • • Main clock frequency: 0.4 MHz – 11.1MHz 32.768 kHz crystal oscillation circuit for sub clock Instruction Execution Times • 360nS at 11.1 MHz fx(minimum) Operating Voltage Range • 2.0 V to 3.6 V at 0.4 – 4.2MHz • 2.7 V to 3.6 V at 0.4 – 10.0MHz • 3.0 V to 3.6 V at 0.4 – 11.1MHz Operating Temperature Range • -25°C to +85°C Package Type • 80-QFP-1420C, 80-TQFP-1212 Smart Option • Low Voltage Reset (LVR) level and enable/disable are at your hardwired option (ROM address 3FH) • ISP related option selectable (ROM address 3EH) 1-3 PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BLOCK DIAGRAM nRESET TAOUT/TAPWM/P3.1 TACLK/P3.2 TACAP/P3.3 8-Bit Timer/ Counter A TBPWM/P3.0 8-Bit Timer/ Counter B X IN XT IN XOUT XTOUT VREG Watchdog Timer Basic Timer Port I/O and Interrupt Control 16-Bit Timer/ Counter 0 T1CAP/P1.0 T1CLK/P1.1 T1OUT/T1PWM/P1.2 V BLDREF/P2.7/AD7 Watch Timer BUZ/P1.3 16-Bit Timer/ Counter 1 P0.0-P0.7/ INT0-INT7 I/O Port 0 P1.0/T1CAP P1.1/T1CLK P1.2/T1OUT/T1PWM P1.3/BUZ P1.4/SO P1.5/SCK P1.6/SI I/O Port 1 P2.0-P2.6/ AD0-AD6 P2.7/AD7/ VBLDREF I/O Port 2 SAM88RC CPU 64/32/16Kbyte ROM P3.0/TBPWM/SEG34 P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM/SEG35 P3.2/TACLK/SEG36 P3.3/TACAP/SEG37 P3.4/TxD P3.5/RxD I/O Port 3 P4.0-P4.7/ SEG18-SEG25 P5.0-P5.7/ SEG26-SEG33 2,614/1,078/ 566-byte Register File LCD Driver/ Controller COM0-COM1/P8.0-P8.1 COM2-COM7/SEG0-SEG5/P8.2-P8.7 SEG6-SEG9/P7.0-P7.3 SEG10-SEG17/P6.0-P6.7 SEG18-SEG25/P4.0-P4.7 SEG26-SEG33/P5.0-P5.7 SEG34-SEG37/P3.0-P3.3 VLC0-VLC3 SIO SO/P1.4 SCK/P1.5 SI/P1.6 UART TxD/P3.4 RxD/P3.5 10-bit ADC AD0-AD6/P2.0-P2.6 AD7/P2.7/VBLDREF I/O Port 8 P8.0-P8.1/COM0-COM1 P8.2-P8.7/COM2-COM7/SEG0-SEG5 I/O Port 4 I/O Port 7 P7.0-P7.3/SEG8-SEG9 I/O Port 5 I/O Port 6 P6.0-P6.7/SEG10-SEG17 Figure 1-1. Block Diagram 1-4 Battery Level Detector S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PRODUCT OVERVIEW 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 SEG28/P5.2 SEG27/P5.1 SEG26/P5.0 SEG25/P4.7 SEG24/P4.6 SEG23/P4.5 SEG22/P4.4 SEG21/P4.3 SEG20/P4.2 SEG19/P4.1 SEG18/P4.0 SEG17/P6.7 SEG16/P6.6 SEG15/P6.5 SEG14/P6.4 SEG13/P6.3 PIN ASSIGNMENT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S3C828B/F828B S3C8289/F8289 S3C8285/F8285 (80-QFP-1420C) 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 SEG12/P6.2 SEG11/P6.1 SEG10/P6.0 SEG9/P7.3 SEG8/P7.2 SEG7/P7.1 SEG6/P7.0 COM7/SEG5/P8.7 COM6/SEG4/P8.6 COM5/SEG3/P8.5 COM4/SEG2/P8.4 COM3/SEG1/P8.3 COM2/SEG0/P8.2 COM1/P8.1 COM0/P8.0 VLC3 VLC2 VLC1 VLC0 AVSS AVREF P2.7/AD7/VBLDREF P2.6/AD6 P2.5/AD5 P0.4/INT4 P0.5/INT5 P0.6/INT6 P0.7/INT7 P1.0/T1CAP P1.1/T1CLK P1.2/T1OUT/T1PWM P1.3/BUZ P1.4/SO P1.5/SCK P1.6/SI P2.0/AD0 P2.1/AD1 P2.2/AD2 P2.3/AD3 P2.4/AD4 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 SEG29/P5.3 SEG30/P5.4 SEG31/P5.5 SEG32/P5.6 SEG33/P5.7 SEG34/P3.0/TBPWM SEG35/P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM SEG36/P3.2/TACLK SEG37/P3.3/TACAP P3.4/TxD P3.5/RxD VDD VSS XOUT XIN TEST XTIN XTOUT nRESET VREG P0.0/INT0 P0.1/INT1 P0.2/INT2 P0.3/INT3 Figure 1-2. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-QFP-1420C) 1-5 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 SEG30/P5.4 SEG29/P5.3 SEG28/P5.2 SEG27/P5.1 SEG26/P5.0 SEG25/P4.7 SEG24/P4.6 SEG23/P4.5 SEG22/P4.4 SEG21/P4.3 SEG20/P4.2 SEG19/P4.1 SEG18/P4.0 SEG17/P6.7 SEG16/P6.6 SEG15/P6.5 SEG14/P6.4 SEG13/P6.3 SEG12/P6.2 SEG11/P6.1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 S3C828B/F828B S3C8289/F8289 S3C8285/F8285 (80-TQFP-1212) 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 SEG10/P6.0 SEG9/P7.3 SEG8/P7.2 SEG7/P7.1 SEG6/P7.0 COM7/SEG5/P8.7 COM6/SEG4/P8.6 COM5/SEG3/P8.5 COM4/SEG2/P8.4 COM3/SEG1/P8.3 COM2/SEG0/P8.2 COM1/P8.1 COM0/P8.0 VLC3 VLC2 VLC1 VLC0 AVSS AVREF P2.7/AD7/VBLDREF P0.2/INT2 P0.3/INT3 P0.4/INT4 P0.5/INT5 P0.6/INT6 P0.7/INT7 P1.0/T1CAP P1.1/T1CLK P1.2/T1OUT/T1PWM P1.3/BUZ P1.4/SO P1.5/SCK P1.6/SI P2.0/AD0 P2.1/AD1 P2.2/AD2 P2.3/AD3 P2.4/AD4 P2.5/AD5 P2.6/AD6 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 SEG31/P5.5 SEG32/P5.6 SEG33/P5.7 SEG34/P3.0/TBPWM SEG35/P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM SEG36/P3.2/TACLK SEG37/P3.3/TACAP P3.4/TxD P3.5/RxD VDD VSS XOUT XIN TEST XTIN XTOUT nRESET VREG P0.0/INT0 P0.1/INT1 NOTE: The sequence of pins in TQFP package is disagreement with that in QFP package. Figure 1-3. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-TQFP-1212) 1-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PRODUCT OVERVIEW PIN DESCRIPTIONS Table 1-1. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pin Descriptions Pin Names Pin Type Pin Description Circuit Type Pin Numbers (note) Share Pins P0.0–P0.7 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Schmitt trigger input or push-pull, opendrain output and software assignable pullups; P0.0–P0.7 are alternately used for external interrupt input(noise filters, interrupt enable and pending control). E-4 21–28 (19–26) INT0–INT7 P1.0 P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Schmitt trigger input or push-pull, opendrain output and software assignable pullups. E-4 29(27) 30(28) 31(29) 32(30) 33(31) 34(32) 35(33) T1CAP T1CLK T1OUT/T1PWM BUZ SO SCK SI P2.0–P2.6 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Input or push-pull output and software assignable pull-ups. F-1 36–42 (34–40) 43(41) AD0–AD6 I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Input or push-pull output and software assignable pull-ups. H-9 P2.7 P3.0 P3.1 I/O P3.2 P3.3 P3.4 P3.5 F-2 D-1 6(4) 7(5) 8(6) 9(7) 10(8) 11(9) AD7/VBLDREF TBPWM/SEG34 TAOUT/TAPWM /SEG35 TACLK/SEG36 TACAP/SEG37 TxD RxD P4.0–P4.7 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Input or push-pull, open-drain output and software assignable pull-ups. H-8 70– 77 (68–75) SEG18–SEG25 P5.0–P5.7 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Input or push-pull, open-drain output and software assignable pull-ups. H-8 78–80,1–5 (76–80,1–3) SEG26–SEG33 P6.0–P6.7 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Input or push-pull output and software assignable pull-ups. H-9 62–69 (60–67) SEG10–SEG17 P7.0–P7.3 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Input or push-pull output and software assignable pull-ups. H-9 58–61 (56–59) SEG6–SEG9 P8.0–P8.1 P8.2–P8.7 I/O I/O port with bit-programmable pins; Input or push-pull output and software assignable pull-ups. H-9 50–51(48–49) 52–57(50–55) COM0–COM1 COM2–COM7/ SEG0–SEG5 VLC0–VLC3 – – 46–49 (44–47) – LCD power supply pins. 1-7 PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 1-1. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pin Descriptions (Continued) Pin Names Pin Type Pin Description Circuit Type Pin Numbers Share Pins INT0–INT7 I/O External interrupts input pins. E-4 21–28(19–26) P0.0–P0.7 T1CAP I/O Timer 1 capture input. E-4 29(27) P1.0 T1CLK I/O Timer 1 external clock input. E-4 30(28) P1.1 T1OUT/T1PWM I/O Timer 1 clock output and PWM output. E-4 31(29) P1.2 BUZ I/O Output pin for buzzer signal. E-4 32(30) P1.3 SO, SCK, SI I/O Serial clock, serial data output, and serial data input. E-4 33–35 (31–33) P1.4, P1.5, P1.6 AD0–AD6 I/O A/D converter analog input channels. F-1 P2.0–P2.6 F-2 36–42 (34–40) 43(41) P2.7/VBLDREF – 44(42) – AD7 AVREF – A/D converter reference voltage. AVSS – A/D converter ground. – 45(43) – VBLDREF – Battery level detector reference voltage. F-2 43(41) P2.7/AD7 TACAP I/O Timer A capture input. D-1 9(7) P3.3 TACLK I/O Timer A external clock input. D-1 8(6) P3.2 TAOUT/TAPWM I/O Timer A clock output and PWM output. D-1 7(5) P3.1 TBPWM I/O Timer B PWM output. D-1 6(4) P3.0 TxD, RxD I/O Uart data output, input D-1 10,11(8,9) P3.4, P3.5 COM0–COM1 COM2–COM7 I/O LCD common signal outputs. H-9 50–51(48–49) 52–57(50–55) P8.0–P8.1 P8.2–P8.7/ SEG0-SEG5 SEG0–SEG5 I/O LCD segment signal outputs. H-9 52–57(50–55) H-8 58–61(56–59) 62–69(60–67) 70–77(68–75) COM2–COM7/ P8.2–P8.7 P7.0–P7.3 P6.0–P6.7 P4.0–P4.7 P5.0–P5.7 P3.0/TBPWM SEG6–SEG9 SEG10–SEG17 SEG18–SEG25 SEG26–SEG33 SEG34 SEG35 SEG36 SEG37 VREG 78-80,1-5 (76-80,1-3) H-9 6(4) 7(5) 8(6) 9(7) P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM P3.2/TACLK P3.3/TACAP O Regulator voltage output for sub clock (needed 0.1µF) – 20(18) – nRESET XTIN, XTOUT I System reset pin B 19(17) – – Crystal oscillator pins for sub clock. – 17,18(15,16) – XIN, XOUT – Main oscillator pins. – 15,14(13,12) – TEST VDD, VSS I Test input: it must be connected to VSS – 16(14) – – Power input pins. A capacitor must be connected between VDD and VSS. – 12,13(10,11) – NOTE: Parentheses indicate pin number for 80-TQFP-1212 package. 1-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PRODUCT OVERVIEW PIN CIRCUITS VDD VDD P-Channel Pull-up Resistor In In N-Channel Schmitt Trigger Figure 1-5. Pin Circuit Type B Figure 1-4. Pin Circuit Type A VDD Pull-up Resistor VDD VDD Data P-Channel Data Out Output Disable N-Channel Figure 1-6. Pin Circuit Type C Output Disable Pin Circuit Type C Pull-up Enable I/O Figure 1-7. Pin Circuit Type D-1 (P3.4, P3.5) 1-9 PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 VDD Pull-up Resistor VDD Open drain Enable Resistor Enable P-CH Data I/O N-CH Output Disable Schmitt Trigger Figure 1-8. Pin Circuit Type E-4 (P0, P1) VDD Pull-up Enable Data Output Disable Circuit Type C ADCEN Data ADCEN ADC Select To ADC Figure 1-9. Pin Circuit Type F-1 (P2.0–P2.6) 1-10 I/O S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PRODUCT OVERVIEW VDD Pull-up Enable Data Output Disable Circuit Type C I/O ADCEN Data ADCEN ADC Select To ADC BLDEN BLD Select To BLD Figure 1-10. Pin Circuit Type F-2 (P2.7) VLC0 VLC1/2 COM/SEG Out Output Disable VLC2/3 Figure 1-11. Pin Circuit Type H-4 1-11 PRODUCT OVERVIEW S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 VDD Pull-up Resistor VDD Resistor Enable Open Drain P-CH Data I/O Output Disable1 SEG Output Disable2 N-CH Circuit Type H-4 Figure 1-12. Pin Circuit Type H-8 (P4, P5) VDD VDD Pull-up Resistor Resistor Enable P-CH Data I/O N-CH Output Disable1 COM/SEG Output Disable2 Circuit Type H-4 Figure 1-13. Pin Circuit Type H-9 (P3.0-P3.3, P6, P7, P8) 1-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 2 ADDRESS SPACES ADDRESS SPACES OVERVIEW The S3C828B/C8289/C8285 microcontroller has two types of address space: — Internal program memory (ROM) — Internal register file A 16-bit address bus supports program memory operations. A separate 8-bit register bus carries addresses and data between the CPU and the register file. The S3C828B has an internal 64-Kbyte mask-programmable ROM. The S3C8289 has an internal 32-Kbyte mask-programmable ROM. The S3C8285 has an internal 16-Kbyte mask-programmable ROM. The 256-byte physical register space is expanded into an addressable area of 320 bytes using addressing modes. A 38-byte LCD display register file is implemented. 2-1 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PROGRAM MEMORY (ROM) Program memory (ROM) stores program codes or table data. The S3C828B/F828B has 64K bytes internal maskprogrammable program memory, the S3C8289/F8289 has 32K bytes and the S3C8285/F8285 has 16K bytes. The first 256 bytes of the ROM (0H–0FFH) are reserved for interrupt vector addresses. Unused locations in this address range can be used as normal program memory. If you use the vector address area to store a program code, be careful not to overwrite the vector addresses stored in these locations. The ROM address at which a program execution starts after a reset is 0100H in the S3C828B/C8289/C8285. The reset address of ROM can be changed by a smart option only in the S3F828B(Full-Flash Device). Refer to the chapter 19. Embedded Flash Memory Interface for more detail contents. (Decimal) 65,535 (Hex) FFFFH (Hex) (Decimal) 32,767 64K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area ISP Sector 255 Interrupt Vector Area Smart Option 7FFFH (Hex) (Decimal) 16,383 32K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area 3FFFH 16K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area 1FFH FFH 255 3FH FFH FFH 255 Interrupt Vector Area Interrupt Vector Area 3CH 00H 0 S3C828B/F828B 00H 0 S3C8289/F8289 Figure 2-1. Program Memory Address Space 2-2 00H 0 S3C8285/F8285 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES SMART OPTION ROM Address: 003EH MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 Not used .1 .0 LSB ISP protection size selection bits:(note) 00 = 256 bytes 01 = 512 bytes 10 = 1024 bytes 11 = 2048 bytes ISP reset vector change enable/ disable bit: 0 = OBP reset vector address 1 = Normal vector (address 0100H) ISP reset vector address selection bits: 00 = 200H(ISP area size: 256 byte) 01 = 300H(ISP area size: 512 byte) 10 = 500H(ISP area size: 1024 byte) 11 = 900H(ISP area size: 2048 byte) ISP protection enable/disable bit: 0 = Enable (not erasable by LDC) 1 = Disable (Erasable by LDC) ROM Address: 003FH MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Not used These bits should be always logic "110b". LVR enable/disable bit (Criteria Voltage: 2.2V) 0 = Disable LVR 1 = Enable LVR ROM Address: 003CH MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB .1 .0 LSB Not used ROM Address: 003DH MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 Not used NOTE: 1. After selecting ISP reset vector address in selecting ISP protection size, don't select upper than ISP area size. 2. When any values are written in the Smart Option area (003CH-003FH) by LDC instruction, the data of the area may be changed but the Smart Option is not affected. The data for Smart Option should be written in the Smart Option area (003CH-003FH) by OTP/MTP tools (SPW2 plus single programmer, or GW-PRO2 gang programmer). Figure 2-2. Smart Option 2-3 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 REGISTER ARCHITECTURE In the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 implementation, the upper 64-byte area of register files is expanded two 64-byte areas, called set 1 and set 2. The upper 32-byte area of set 1 is further expanded two 32byte register banks (bank 0 and bank 1), and the lower 32-byte area is a single 32-byte common area. In case of S3C828B/F828B the total number of addressable 8-bit registers is 2,695. Of these 2,695 registers, 13 bytes are for CPU and system control registers, 38 bytes are for LCD data registers, 68 bytes are for peripheral control and data registers, 16 bytes are used as a shared working registers, and 2,560 registers are for generalpurpose use, page 0-page 9 (in case of S3C8289/F8289, page 0-page 3 and S3C8285/F8285, page0-page1). You can always address set 1 register locations, regardless of which of the ten register pages is currently selected. Set 1 locations, however, can only be addressed using register addressing modes. The extension of register space into separately addressable areas (sets, banks, and pages) is supported by various addressing mode restrictions, the select bank instructions, SB0 and SB1, and the register page pointer (PP). Specific register types and the area (in bytes) that they occupy in the register file are summarized in Table 2-1. Table 2-1. S3C828B/F828B Register Type Summary 2-4 Register Type Number of Bytes General-purpose registers (including the 16-byte common working register area, ten 192-byte prime register area, and ten 64-byte set 2 area) LCD data registers CPU and system control registers Mapped clock, peripheral, I/O control, and data registers 2,576 Total Addressable Bytes 2,695 38 13 68 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES Table 2-2. S3C8289/F8289 Register Type Summary Register Type Number of Bytes General-purpose registers (including the 16-byte common working register area, four 192-byte prime register area, and four 64-byte set 2 area) LCD data registers CPU and system control registers Mapped clock, peripheral, I/O control, and data registers 1,040 Total Addressable Bytes 1,159 38 13 68 Table 2-3. S3C8285/F8285 Register Type Summary Register Type Number of Bytes General-purpose registers (including the 16-byte common working register area, two 192-byte prime register area, and two 64-byte set 2 area) LCD data registers CPU and system control registers Mapped clock, peripheral, I/O control, and data registers 528 Total Addressable Bytes 647 38 13 68 2-5 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 FFH Page 9 Page 8 FFH Page 7 FFH Page 6 FFH Page 5 FFH Page 4 FFH Page 3 FFH Page 2 FFH FFH Page 1 FFH Page 0 Set1 Bank 1 FFH Bank 0 and System Peripheral Control System and Registers Peripheral Control Registers (Register Addressing Mode) 32 Bytes 64 Bytes E0H DFH Set 2 General-Purpose Data Registers E0H (Indirect Register, Indexed Mode, and Stack Operations) System Registers (Register Addressing Mode) D0H CFH 256 Bytes C0H BFH General Purpose Register (Register Addressing Mode) Page 0 C0H ~ ~ ~ 25H 38 Bytes ~ 00H 192 Bytes Page 15 Prime Data Registers (All addressing modes) LCD Display Reigster ~ Prime Data Registers ~ ~~ ~ (All Addressing Modes) ~ 00H Figure 2-3. Internal Register File Organization (S3C828B/F828B) 2-6 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES FFH FFH FFH FFH Set1 Bank 1 FFH Bank 0 and System Peripheral Control System and Registers Peripheral Control Registers (Register Addressing Mode) 32 Bytes 64 Bytes E0H DFH Page 0 Set 2 General-Purpose Data Registers E0H (Indirect Register, Indexed Mode, and Stack Operations) System Registers (Register Addressing Mode) D0H CFH Page 3 Page 2 Page 1 256 Bytes C0H BFH General Purpose Register (Register Addressing Mode) Page 0 C0H ~ ~ ~ 25H 38 Bytes ~ 00H 192 Bytes Page 15 Prime Data Registers (All addressing modes) LCD Display Reigster ~ Prime Data Registers ~ ~~ ~ (All Addressing Modes) ~ 00H Figure 2-4. Internal Register File Organization (S3C8289/F8289) 2-7 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Set1 FFH FFH Bank 1 FFH Bank 0 and System Peripheral Control System and Registers Peripheral Control Registers (Register Addressing Mode) 32 Bytes 64 Bytes E0H DFH Set 2 General-Purpose Data Registers E0H (Indirect Register, Indexed Mode, and Stack Operations) System Registers (Register Addressing Mode) D0H CFH Page 1 Page 0 C0H BFH General Purpose Register (Register Addressing Mode) Page 0 C0H ~ 25H 38 Bytes 192 Bytes Page 15 ~ 00H Prime Data Registers (All addressing modes) LCD Display Reigster ~ Prime Data Registers (All Addressing Modes) ~ 00H Figure 2-5. Internal Register File Organization (S3C8285/F8285) 2-8 256 Bytes ~ ~ S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES REGISTER PAGE POINTER (PP) The S3C8-series architecture supports the logical expansion of the physical 256-byte internal register file (using an 8-bit data bus) into as many as 16 separately addressable register pages. Page addressing is controlled by the register page pointer (PP, DFH). In the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 microcontroller, a paged register file expansion is implemented for LCD data registers, and the register page pointer must be changed to address other pages. After a reset, the page pointer's source value (lower nibble) and the destination value (upper nibble) are always "0000", automatically selecting page 0 as the source and destination page for register addressing. Register Page Pointer (PP) DFH ,Set 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Destination register page selection bits: Source register page selection bits: 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1111 Others 0000 0001 0010 0011 0100 0101 0110 0111 1000 1001 1111 Others Destination: Page 0 Destination: Page 1 Destination: Page 2 (Not used for the S3C8285) Destination: Page 3 (Not used for the S3C8285) Destination: Page 4 (Not used for the S3C8289/5) Destination: Page 5 (Not used for the S3C8289/5) Destination: Page 6 (Not used for the S3C8289/5) Destination: Page 7 (Not used for the S3C8289/5) Destination: Page 8 (Not used for the S3C8289/5) Destination: Page 9 (Not used for the S3C8289/5) Destination: Page 15 Not used for the S3C828B/9/5 Source: page 0 Source: page 1 Source: page 2 (not used for the S3C8285) Source: page 3 (not used for the S3C8285) Source: page 4 (not used for the S3C8289/5) Source: page 5 (not used for the S3C8289/5) Source: page 6 (not used for the S3C8289/5) Source: page 7 (not used for the S3C8289/5) Source: page 8 (not used for the S3C8289/5) Source: page 9 (not used for the S3C8289/5) Source: page 15 Not used for the S3C828B/9/5 NOTES: 1. In the S3C828B microcontroller, the internal register file is configured as eleven pages (Pages 0-9, 15). The pages 0-9 are used for general purpose register file. 2. In the S3C8289 microcontroller, the internal register file is configured as five pages (Pages 0-3, 15). 3. In the S3C8285 microcontroller, the internal register file is configured as three pages (Pages 0-1, 15) The page 0-1 is used for general purpose register file. 4. The page 15 of S3C828B/9/5 is used for LCD data register or general purpose regiser. Figure 2-6. Register Page Pointer (PP) 2-9 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PROGRAMMING TIP — Using the Page Pointer for RAM clear (Page 0, Page 1) RAMCL0 RAMCL1 LD SRP LD CLR DJNZ CLR PP,#00H #0C0H R0,#0FFH @R0 R0,RAMCL0 @R0 LD LD CLR DJNZ CLR PP,#10H R0,#0FFH @R0 R0,RAMCL1 @R0 ; Destination ← 0, Source ← 0 ; Page 0 RAM clear starts ; R0 = 00H ; Destination ← 1, Source ← 0 ; Page 1 RAM clear starts ; R0 = 00H NOTE: You should refer to page 6-39 and use DJNZ instruction properly when DJNZ instruction is used in your program. 2-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES REGISTER SET 1 The term set 1 refers to the upper 64 bytes of the register file, locations C0H–FFH. The upper 32-byte area of this 64-byte space (E0H–FFH) is expanded two 32-byte register banks, bank 0 and bank 1. The set register bank instructions, SB0 or SB1, are used to address one bank or the other. A hardware reset operation always selects bank 0 addressing. The upper two 32-byte areas (bank 0 and bank 1) of set 1 (E0H–FFH) contains 68 mapped system and peripheral control registers. The lower 32-byte area contains 16 system registers (D0H–DFH) and a 16-byte common working register area (C0H–CFH). You can use the common working register area as a “scratch” area for data operations being performed in other areas of the register file. Registers in set 1 locations are directly accessible at all times using Register addressing mode. The 16-byte working register area can only be accessed using working register addressing (For more information about working register addressing, please refer to Chapter 3, “Addressing Modes.”) REGISTER SET 2 The same 64-byte physical space that is used for set 1 locations C0H–FFH is logically duplicated to add another 64 bytes of register space. This expanded area of the register file is called set 2. For the S3C828B, the set 2 address range (C0H–FFH) is accessible on pages 0-9. S3C8289, the set 2 address range (C0H–FFH) is accessible on pages 0-3. S3C8285, the set 2 address range (C0H–FFH) is accessible on pages 0-1. The logical division of set 1 and set 2 is maintained by means of addressing mode restrictions. You can use only Register addressing mode to access set 1 locations. In order to access registers in set 2, you must use Register Indirect addressing mode or Indexed addressing mode. The set 2 register area is commonly used for stack operations. 2-11 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PRIME REGISTER SPACE The lower 192 bytes (00H–BFH) of the S3C828B/C8289/C8285's ten or four or two 256-byte register pages is called prime register area. Prime registers can be accessed using any of the seven addressing modes (see Chapter 3, "Addressing Modes.") The prime register area on page 0 is immediately addressable following a reset. In order to address prime registers on pages 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 15 you must set the register page pointer (PP) to the appropriate source and destination values. Set 1 Bank 0 Bank 1 FFH Page 9 FFH Page 8 FFH Page 7 FFH Page 6 FFH Page 5 FFH Page 4 FFH Page 3 FFH Page 2 FFH Page 1 FFH Page 0 FFH Set 2 FCH E0H D0H C0H BFH C0H Page 0 Prime Space CPU and system control 25H General-purpose LCD Data Register Area Peripheral and I/O LCD data register Page 15 00H 00H Figure 2-7. Set 1, Set 2, Prime Area Register, and LCD Data Register Map 2-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES WORKING REGISTERS Instructions can access specific 8-bit registers or 16-bit register pairs using either 4-bit or 8-bit address fields. When 4-bit working register addressing is used, the 256-byte register file can be seen by the programmer as one that consists of 32 8-byte register groups or "slices." Each slice comprises of eight 8-bit registers. Using the two 8-bit register pointers, RP1 and RP0, two working register slices can be selected at any one time to form a 16-byte working register block. Using the register pointers, you can move this 16-byte register block anywhere in the addressable register file, except the set 2 area. The terms slice and block are used in this manual to help you visualize the size and relative locations of selected working register spaces: — One working register slice is 8 bytes (eight 8-bit working registers, R0–R7 or R8–R15) — One working register block is 16 bytes (sixteen 8-bit working registers, R0–R15) All the registers in an 8-byte working register slice have the same binary value for their five most significant address bits. This makes it possible for each register pointer to point to one of the 24 slices in the register file. The base addresses for the two selected 8-byte register slices are contained in register pointers RP0 and RP1. After a reset, RP0 and RP1 always point to the 16-byte common area in set 1 (C0H–CFH). FFH F8H F7H F0H Slice 32 Slice 31 1 1 1 1 1 X X X Set 1 Only RP1 (Registers R8-R15) Each register pointer points to one 8-byte slice of the register space, selecting a total 16-byte working register block. CFH C0H ~ ~ 0 0 0 0 0 X X X RP0 (Registers R0-R7) Slice 2 Slice 1 10H FH 8H 7H 0H Figure 2-8. 8-Byte Working Register Areas (Slices) 2-13 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 USING THE REGISTER POINTS Register pointers RP0 and RP1, mapped to addresses D6H and D7H in set 1, are used to select two movable 8-byte working register slices in the register file. After a reset, they point to the working register common area: RP0 points to addresses C0H–C7H, and RP1 points to addresses C8H–CFH. To change a register pointer value, you load a new value to RP0 and/or RP1 using an SRP or LD instruction. (see Figures 2-9 and 2-10). With working register addressing, you can only access those two 8-bit slices of the register file that are currently pointed to by RP0 and RP1. You cannot, however, use the register pointers to select a working register space in set 2, C0H–FFH, because these locations can be accessed only using the Indirect Register or Indexed addressing modes. The selected 16-byte working register block usually consists of two contiguous 8-byte slices. As a general programming guideline, it is recommended that RP0 point to the "lower" slice and RP1 point to the "upper" slice (see Figure 2-9). In some cases, it may be necessary to define working register areas in different (noncontiguous) areas of the register file. In Figure 2-10, RP0 points to the "upper" slice and RP1 to the "lower" slice. Because a register pointer can point to either of the two 8-byte slices in the working register block, you can flexibly define the working register area to support program requirements. PROGRAMMING TIP — Setting the Register Pointers SRP SRP1 SRP0 CLR LD #70H #48H #0A0H RP0 RP1,#0F8H ; ; ; ; ; RP0 RP0 RP0 RP0 RP0 ← ← ← ← ← 70H, RP1 ← 78H no change, RP1 ← 48H, A0H, RP1 ← no change 00H, RP1 ← no change no change, RP1 ← 0F8H Register File Contains 32 8-Byte Slices 0 0 0 0 1 X X X 8-Byte Slice RP1 0 0 0 0 0 X X X 8-Byte Slice FH (R15) 8H 7H 0H (R0) RP0 Figure 2-9. Contiguous 16-Byte Working Register Block 2-14 16-Byte Contiguous Working Register block S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES 8-Byte Slice F7H (R7) F0H (R0) 1 1 1 1 0 X X X Register File Contains 32 8-Byte Slices X X X 8-Byte Slice 16-Byte Contiguous working Register block RP0 0 0 0 0 0 7H (R15) 0H (R0) RP1 Figure 2-10. Non-Contiguous 16-Byte Working Register Block PROGRAMMING TIP — Using the RPs to Calculate the Sum of a Series of Registers Calculate the sum of registers 80H–85H using the register pointer. The register addresses from 80H through 85H contain the values 10H, 11H, 12H, 13H, 14H, and 15H, respectively: SRP0 ADD ADC ADC ADC ADC #80H R0,R1 R0,R2 R0,R3 R0,R4 R0,R5 ; ; ; ; ; ; RP0 R0 R0 R0 R0 R0 ← ← ← ← ← ← 80H R0 + R0 + R0 + R0 + R0 + R1 R2 + C R3 + C R4 + C R5 + C The sum of these six registers, 6FH, is located in the register R0 (80H). The instruction string used in this example takes 12 bytes of instruction code and its execution time is 36 cycles. If the register pointer is not used to calculate the sum of these registers, the following instruction sequence would have to be used: ADD ADC ADC ADC ADC 80H,81H 80H,82H 80H,83H 80H,84H 80H,85H ; ; ; ; ; 80H 80H 80H 80H 80H ← ← ← ← ← (80H) (80H) (80H) (80H) (80H) + + + + + (81H) (82H) (83H) (84H) (85H) + + + + C C C C Now, the sum of the six registers is also located in register 80H. However, this instruction string takes 15 bytes of instruction code rather than 12 bytes, and its execution time is 50 cycles rather than 36 cycles. 2-15 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 REGISTER ADDRESSING The S3C8-series register architecture provides an efficient method of working register addressing that takes full advantage of shorter instruction formats to reduce execution time. With Register (R) addressing mode, in which the operand value is the content of a specific register or register pair, you can access any location in the register file except for set 2. With working register addressing, you use a register pointer to specify an 8-byte working register space in the register file and an 8-bit register within that space. Registers are addressed either as a single 8-bit register or as a paired 16-bit register space. In a 16-bit register pair, the address of the first 8-bit register is always an even number and the address of the next register is always an odd number. The most significant byte of the 16-bit data is always stored in the even-numbered register, and the least significant byte is always stored in the next (+1) odd-numbered register. Working register addressing differs from Register addressing as it uses a register pointer to identify a specific 8-byte working register space in the internal register file and a specific 8-bit register within that space. MSB LSB Rn Rn+1 n = Even address Figure 2-11. 16-Bit Register Pair 2-16 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES Special-Purpose Registers Bank 1 General-Purpose Register Bank 0 FFH FFH Control Registers E0H Set 2 System Registers D0H CFH C0H C0H BFH RP1 Register Pointers RP0 Each register pointer (RP) can independently point to one of the 24 8-byte "slices" of the register file (other than set 2). After a reset, RP0 points to locations C0H-C7H and RP1 to locations C8H-CFH (that is, to the common working register area). NOTE: Prime Registers LCD Data Registers In the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 microcontroller, pages 0-9,15 are implemented. Pages 0-9,15 contain all of the addressable registers in the internal register file. 00H Page 0 Register Addressing Only All Addressing Modes Can be Pointed by Register Pointer Page 0 Indirect Register, All Indexed Addressing Addressing Modes Modes Can be Pointed to By register Pointer Figure 2-12. Register File Addressing 2-17 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 COMMON WORKING REGISTER AREA (C0H–CFH) After a reset, register pointers RP0 and RP1 automatically select two 8-byte register slices in set 1, locations C0H–CFH, as the active 16-byte working register block: RP0 → C0H–C7H RP1 → C8H–CFH This 16-byte address range is called common area. That is, locations in this area can be used as working registers by operations that address any location on any page in the register file. Typically, these working registers serve as temporary buffers for data operations between different pages. FFH FFH Page 9 FFH Page 8 FFH Page 7 FFH Page 6 FFH Page 5 FFH Page 4 FFH Page 3 FFH Page 2 FFH Page 1 FFH Page 0 FCH Set 2 Set 1 E0H ~ D0H C0H BFH C0H ~ ~ ~ Page 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ Following a hardware reset, register pointers RP0 and RP1 point to the common working register area, locations C0H-CFH. RP0 = 1100 0000 RP1 = 1100 1000 NOTE: Prime Space ~ ~ 25H LCD Data Register Area 00H 00H In case of S3C8289/F8289, page0-page3 and S3C8285/F8285, page0-page1. Figure 2-13. Common Working Register Area 2-18 Page 15 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES PROGRAMMING TIP — Addressing the Common Working Register Area As the following examples show, you should access working registers in the common area, locations C0H–CFH, using working register addressing mode only. Examples 1. LD 0C2H,40H ; Invalid addressing mode! Use working register addressing instead: SRP #0C0H LD R2,40H ; R2 (C2H) → the value in location 40H 2. ADD 0C3H,#45H ; Invalid addressing mode! Use working register addressing instead: SRP #0C0H ADD R3,#45H ; R3 (C3H) → R3 + 45H 4-BIT WORKING REGISTER ADDRESSING Each register pointer defines a movable 8-byte slice of working register space. The address information stored in a register pointer serves as an addressing "window" that makes it possible for instructions to access working registers very efficiently using short 4-bit addresses. When an instruction addresses a location in the selected working register area, the address bits are concatenated in the following way to form a complete 8-bit address: — The high-order bit of the 4-bit address selects one of the register pointers ("0" selects RP0, "1" selects RP1). — The five high-order bits in the register pointer select an 8-byte slice of the register space. — The three low-order bits of the 4-bit address select one of the eight registers in the slice. As shown in Figure 2-14, the result of this operation is that the five high-order bits from the register pointer are concatenated with the three low-order bits from the instruction address to form the complete address. As long as the address stored in the register pointer remains unchanged, the three bits from the address will always point to an address in the same 8-byte register slice. Figure 2-15 shows a typical example of 4-bit working register addressing. The high-order bit of the instruction "INC R6" is "0", which selects RP0. The five high-order bits stored in RP0 (01110B) are concatenated with the three low-order bits of the instruction's 4-bit address (110B) to produce the register address 76H (01110110B). 2-19 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 RP0 RP1 Selects RP0 or RP1 Address OPCODE 4-bit address provides three low-order bits Register pointer provides five high-order bits Together they create an 8-bit register address Figure 2-14. 4-Bit Working Register Addressing RP1 RP0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 Selects RP0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 Register address (76H) R6 OPCODE 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 Figure 2-15. 4-Bit Working Register Addressing Example 2-20 Instruction 'INC R6' S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES 8-BIT WORKING REGISTER ADDRESSING You can also use 8-bit working register addressing to access registers in a selected working register area. To initiate 8-bit working register addressing, the upper four bits of the instruction address must contain the value "1100B." This 4-bit value (1100B) indicates that the remaining four bits have the same effect as 4-bit working register addressing. As shown in Figure 2-16, the lower nibble of the 8-bit address is concatenated in much the same way as for 4-bit addressing: Bit 3 selects either RP0 or RP1, which then supplies the five high-order bits of the final address; the three low-order bits of the complete address are provided by the original instruction. Figure 2-17 shows an example of 8-bit working register addressing. The four high-order bits of the instruction address (1100B) specify 8-bit working register addressing. Bit 4 ("1") selects RP1 and the five high-order bits in RP1 (10101B) become the five high-order bits of the register address. The three low-order bits of the register address (011) are provided by the three low-order bits of the 8-bit instruction address. The five address bits from RP1 and the three address bits from the instruction are concatenated to form the complete register address, 0ABH (10101011B). RP0 RP1 Selects RP0 or RP1 Address These address bits indicate 8-bit working register addressing 1 1 0 0 8-bit logical address Three low-order bits Register pointer provides five high-order bits 8-bit physical address Figure 2-16. 8-Bit Working Register Addressing 2-21 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 RP0 0 1 1 0 0 RP1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 Selects RP1 R11 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 8-bit address form instruction 'LD R11, R2' Register address (0ABH) Specifies working register addressing Figure 2-17. 8-Bit Working Register Addressing Example 2-22 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESS SPACES SYSTEM AND USER STACK The S3C8-series microcontrollers use the system stack for data storage, subroutine calls and returns. The PUSH and POP instructions are used to control system stack operations. The S3C828B/C8289/C8285 architecture supports stack operations in the internal register file. Stack Operations Return addresses for procedure calls, interrupts, and data are stored on the stack. The contents of the PC are saved to stack by a CALL instruction and restored by the RET instruction. When an interrupt occurs, the contents of the PC and the FLAGS register are pushed to the stack. The IRET instruction then pops these values back to their original locations. The stack address value is always decreased by one before a push operation and increased by one after a pop operation. The stack pointer (SP) always points to the stack frame stored on the top of the stack, as shown in Figure 2-18. High Address PCL PCL Top of stack PCH PCH Top of stack Stack contents after a call instruction Flags Stack contents after an interrupt Low Address Figure 2-18. Stack Operations User-Defined Stacks You can freely define stacks in the internal register file as data storage locations. The instructions PUSHUI, PUSHUD, POPUI, and POPUD support user-defined stack operations. Stack Pointers (SPL, SPH) Register locations D8H and D9H contain the 16-bit stack pointer (SP) that is used for system stack operations. The most significant byte of the SP address, SP15–SP8, is stored in the SPH register (D8H), and the least significant byte, SP7–SP0, is stored in the SPL register (D9H). After a reset, the SP value is undetermined. Because only internal memory space is implemented in the S3C828B/C8289/C8285, the SPL must be initialized to an 8-bit value in the range 00H–FFH. The SPH register is not needed and can be used as a general-purpose register, if necessary. When the SPL register contains the only stack pointer value (that is, when it points to a system stack in the register file), you can use the SPH register as a general-purpose data register. However, if an overflow or underflow condition occurs as a result of increasing or decreasing the stack address value in the SPL register during normal stack operations, the value in the SPL register will overflow (or underflow) to the SPH register, overwriting any other data that is currently stored there. To avoid overwriting data in the SPH register, you can initialize the SPL value to "FFH" instead of "00H". 2-23 ADDRESS SPACES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PROGRAMMING TIP — Standard Stack Operations Using PUSH and POP The following example shows you how to perform stack operations in the internal register file using PUSH and POP instructions: LD SPL,#0FFH ; SPL ← FFH ; (Normally, the SPL is set to 0FFH by the initialization ; routine) PP RP0 RP1 R3 ; ; ; ; Stack address 0FEH Stack address 0FDH Stack address 0FCH Stack address 0FBH R3 RP1 RP0 PP ; ; ; ; R3 RP1 RP0 PP • • • PUSH PUSH PUSH PUSH ← ← ← ← PP RP0 RP1 R3 • • • POP POP POP POP 2-24 ← ← ← ← Stack address 0FBH Stack address 0FCH Stack address 0FDH Stack address 0FEH S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 3 ADDRESSING MODES ADDRESSING MODES OVERVIEW Instructions that are stored in program memory are fetched for execution using the program counter. Instructions indicate the operation to be performed and the data to be operated on. Addressing mode is the method used to determine the location of the data operand. The operands specified in SAM88RC instructions may be condition codes, immediate data, or a location in the register file, program memory, or data memory. The S3C8-series instruction set supports seven explicit addressing modes. Not all of these addressing modes are available for each instruction. The seven addressing modes and their symbols are: — Register (R) — Indirect Register (IR) — Indexed (X) — Direct Address (DA) — Indirect Address (IA) — Relative Address (RA) — Immediate (IM) 3-1 ADDRESSING MODES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 REGISTER ADDRESSING MODE (R) In Register addressing mode (R), the operand value is the content of a specified register or register pair (see Figure 3-1). Working register addressing differs from Register addressing in that it uses a register pointer to specify an 8-byte working register space in the register file and an 8-bit register within that space (see Figure 3-2). Program Memory 8-bit Register File Address dst OPCODE One-Operand Instruction (Example) Register File OPERAND Point to One Register in Register File Value used in Instruction Execution Sample Instruction: DEC CNTR ; Where CNTR is the label of an 8-bit register address Figure 3-1. Register Addressing Register File MSB Point to RP0 ot RP1 RP0 or RP1 Selected RP points to start of working register block Program Memory 4-bit Working Register dst 3 LSBs src Point to the Working Register (1 of 8) OPCODE Two-Operand Instruction (Example) OPERAND Sample Instruction: ADD R1, R2 ; Where R1 and R2 are registers in the currently selected working register area. Figure 3-2. Working Register Addressing 3-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESSING MODES INDIRECT REGISTER ADDRESSING MODE (IR) In Indirect Register (IR) addressing mode, the content of the specified register or register pair is the address of the operand. Depending on the instruction used, the actual address may point to a register in the register file, to program memory (ROM), or to an external memory space (see Figures 3-3 through 3-6). You can use any 8-bit register to indirectly address another register. Any 16-bit register pair can be used to indirectly address another memory location. Please note, however, that you cannot access locations C0H–FFH in set 1 using the Indirect Register addressing mode. Program Memory 8-bit Register File Address dst OPCODE One-Operand Instruction (Example) Register File Point to One Register in Register File ADDRESS Address of Operand used by Instruction Value used in Instruction Execution OPERAND Sample Instruction: RL @SHIFT ; Where SHIFT is the label of an 8-bit register address Figure 3-3. Indirect Register Addressing to Register File 3-3 ADDRESSING MODES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INDIRECT REGISTER ADDRESSING MODE (Continued) Register File Program Memory Example Instruction References Program Memory dst OPCODE REGISTER PAIR Points to Register Pair Program Memory Sample Instructions: CALL JP @RR2 @RR2 Value used in Instruction OPERAND Figure 3-4. Indirect Register Addressing to Program Memory 3-4 16-Bit Address Points to Program Memory S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESSING MODES INDIRECT REGISTER ADDRESSING MODE (Continued) Register File MSB Points to RP0 or RP1 RP0 or RP1 Program Memory 4-bit Working Register Address dst src OPCODE ~ ~ 3 LSBs Point to the Working Register (1 of 8) ADDRESS ~ Sample Instruction: OR R3, @R6 Value used in Instruction Selected RP points to start fo working register block ~ OPERAND Figure 3-5. Indirect Working Register Addressing to Register File 3-5 ADDRESSING MODES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INDIRECT REGISTER ADDRESSING MODE (Concluded) Register File MSB Points to RP0 or RP1 RP0 or RP1 Selected RP points to start of working register block Program Memory 4-bit Working Register Address Example Instruction References either Program Memory or Data Memory dst src OPCODE Next 2-bit Point to Working Register Pair (1 of 4) LSB Selects Value used in Instruction Register Pair Program Memory or Data Memory 16-Bit address points to program memory or data memory OPERAND Sample Instructions: LCD LDE LDE R5,@RR6 R3,@RR14 @RR4, R8 ; Program memory access ; External data memory access ; External data memory access Figure 3-6. Indirect Working Register Addressing to Program or Data Memory 3-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESSING MODES INDEXED ADDRESSING MODE (X) Indexed (X) addressing mode adds an offset value to a base address during instruction execution in order to calculate the effective operand address (see Figure 3-7). You can use Indexed addressing mode to access locations in the internal register file or in external memory. Please note, however, that you cannot access locations C0H–FFH in set 1 using Indexed addressing mode. In short offset Indexed addressing mode, the 8-bit displacement is treated as a signed integer in the range –128 to +127. This applies to external memory accesses only (see Figure 3-8.) For register file addressing, an 8-bit base address provided by the instruction is added to an 8-bit offset contained in a working register. For external memory accesses, the base address is stored in the working register pair designated in the instruction. The 8-bit or 16-bit offset given in the instruction is then added to that base address (see Figure 3-9). The only instruction that supports Indexed addressing mode for the internal register file is the Load instruction (LD). The LDC and LDE instructions support Indexed addressing mode for internal program memory and for external data memory, when implemented. Register File RP0 or RP1 ~ Value used in Instruction + Program Memory Two-Operand Instruction Example Base Address dst/src x 3 LSBs Point to One of the Woking Register (1 of 8) OPCODE ~ Selected RP points to start of working register block OPERAND ~ ~ INDEX Sample Instruction: LD R0, #BASE[R1] ; Where BASE is an 8-bit immediate value Figure 3-7. Indexed Addressing to Register File 3-7 ADDRESSING MODES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INDEXED ADDRESSING MODE (Continued) Register File MSB Points to RP0 or RP1 RP0 or RP1 ~ ~ Program Memory 4-bit Working Register Address OFFSET dst/src x OPCODE Selected RP points to start of working register block NEXT 2 Bits Point to Working Register Pair (1 of 4) LSB Selects + 8-Bits Register Pair Program Memory or Data Memory 16-Bit address added to offset 16-Bits 16-Bits OPERAND Value used in Instruction Sample Instructions: LDC R4, #04H[RR2] LDE R4,#04H[RR2] ; The values in the program address (RR2 + 04H) are loaded into register R4. ; Identical operation to LDC example, except that external program memory is accessed. Figure 3-8. Indexed Addressing to Program or Data Memory with Short Offset 3-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESSING MODES INDEXED ADDRESSING MODE (Concluded) Register File MSB Points to RP0 or RP1 RP0 or RP1 Program Memory ~ ~ OFFSET 4-bit Working Register Address OFFSET src dst/src OPCODE Selected RP points to start of working register block NEXT 2 Bits Point to Working Register Pair LSB Selects + 8-Bits Register Pair Program Memory or Data Memory 16-Bit address added to offset 16-Bits 16-Bits OPERAND Value used in Instruction Sample Instructions: LDC R4, #1000H[RR2] LDE R4,#1000H[RR2] ; The values in the program address (RR2 + 1000H) are loaded into register R4. ; Identical operation to LDC example, except that external program memory is accessed. Figure 3-9. Indexed Addressing to Program or Data Memory 3-9 ADDRESSING MODES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 DIRECT ADDRESS MODE (DA) In Direct Address (DA) mode, the instruction provides the operand's 16-bit memory address. Jump (JP) and Call (CALL) instructions use this addressing mode to specify the 16-bit destination address that is loaded into the PC whenever a JP or CALL instruction is executed. The LDC and LDE instructions can use Direct Address mode to specify the source or destination address for Load operations to program memory (LDC) or to external data memory (LDE), if implemented. Program or Data Memory Program Memory Upper Address Byte Lower Address Byte dst/src "0" or "1" OPCODE Memory Address Used LSB Selects Program Memory or Data Memory: "0" = Program Memory "1" = Data Memory Sample Instructions: LDC R5,1234H ; LDE R5,1234H ; The values in the program address (1234H) are loaded into register R5. Identical operation to LDC example, except that external program memory is accessed. Figure 3-10. Direct Addressing for Load Instructions 3-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESSING MODES DIRECT ADDRESS MODE (Continued) Program Memory Next OPCODE Memory Address Used Upper Address Byte Lower Address Byte OPCODE Sample Instructions: JP CALL C,JOB1 DISPLAY ; ; Where JOB1 is a 16-bit immediate address Where DISPLAY is a 16-bit immediate address Figure 3-11. Direct Addressing for Call and Jump Instructions 3-11 ADDRESSING MODES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INDIRECT ADDRESS MODE (IA) In Indirect Address (IA) mode, the instruction specifies an address located in the lowest 256 bytes of the program memory. The selected pair of memory locations contains the actual address of the next instruction to be executed. Only the CALL instruction can use the Indirect Address mode. Because the Indirect Address mode assumes that the operand is located in the lowest 256 bytes of program memory, only an 8-bit address is supplied in the instruction; the upper bytes of the destination address are assumed to be all zeros. Program Memory Next Instruction LSB Must be Zero Current Instruction dst OPCODE Lower Address Byte Upper Address Byte Program Memory Locations 0-255 Sample Instruction: CALL #40H ; The 16-bit value in program memory addresses 40H and 41H is the subroutine start address. Figure 3-12. Indirect Addressing 3-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADDRESSING MODES RELATIVE ADDRESS MODE (RA) In Relative Address (RA) mode, a twos-complement signed displacement between – 128 and + 127 is specified in the instruction. The displacement value is then added to the current PC value. The result is the address of the next instruction to be executed. Before this addition occurs, the PC contains the address of the instruction immediately following the current instruction. Several program control instructions use the Relative Address mode to perform conditional jumps. The instructions that support RA addressing are BTJRF, BTJRT, DJNZ, CPIJE, CPIJNE, and JR. Program Memory Next OPCODE Program Memory Address Used Displacement OPCODE Current Instruction Current PC Value + Signed Displacement Value Sample Instructions: JR ULT,$+OFFSET ; Where OFFSET is a value in the range +127 to -128 Figure 3-13. Relative Addressing 3-13 ADDRESSING MODES S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 IMMEDIATE MODE (IM) In Immediate (IM) addressing mode, the operand value used in the instruction is the value supplied in the operand field itself. The operand may be one byte or one word in length, depending on the instruction used. Immediate addressing mode is useful for loading constant values into registers. Program Memory OPERAND OPCODE (The Operand value is in the instruction) Sample Instruction: LD R0,#0AAH Figure 3-14. Immediate Addressing 3-14 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 4 CONTROL REGISTER CONTROL REGISTERS OVERVIEW In this chapter, detailed descriptions of the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 control registers are presented in an easy-toread format. You can use this chapter as a quick-reference source when writing application programs. Figure 4-1 illustrates the important features of the standard register description format. Control register descriptions are arranged in alphabetical order according to register mnemonic. More detailed information about control registers is presented in the context of the specific peripheral hardware descriptions in Part II of this manual. Data and counter registers are not described in detail in this reference chapter. More information about all of the registers used by a specific peripheral is presented in the corresponding peripheral descriptions in Part II of this manual. The locations and read/write characteristics of all mapped registers in the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 register file are listed in Table 4-1. The hardware reset value for each mapped register is described in Chapter 8, "RESET and Power-Down." Table 4-1. Set 1 Registers Register Name Mnemonic Decimal Hex R/W BTCON 211 D3H R/W CLKCON 212 D4H R/W FLAGS 213 D5H R/W Register Pointer 0 RP0 214 D6H R/W Register Pointer 1 RP1 215 D7H R/W Stack Pointer (High Byte) SPH 216 D8H R/W Stack Pointer (Low Byte) SPL 217 D9H R/W Instruction Pointer (High Byte) IPH 218 DAH R/W Instruction Pointer (Low Byte) IPL 219 DBH R/W Interrupt Request Register IRQ 220 DCH R Interrupt Mask Register IMR 221 DDH R/W System Mode Register SYM 222 DEH R/W Register Page Pointer PP 223 DFH R/W Basic Timer Control Register System Clock Control Register System Flags Register 4-1 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 4-2. Set 1, Bank 0 Registers Register Name LCD Control Register Mnemonic Decimal Hex R/W LCON 208 D0H R/W Watch Timer Control Register WTCON 209 D1H R/W Battery Level Detector Control Register BLDCON 210 D2H R/W SIO Control Register SIOCON 224 E0H R/W SIO Data Register SIODATA 225 E1H R/W SIO Pre-Scaler Register SIOPS 226 E2H R/W Timer 0 Control Register T0CON 227 E3H R/W Timer 0 Counter Register(High Byte) T0CNTH 228 E4H R Timer 0 Counter Register(Low Byte) T0CNTL 229 E5H R Timer 0 Data Register(High Byte) T0DATAH 230 E6H R/W Timer 0 Data Register(Low Byte) T0DATAL 231 E7H R/W TACON 232 E8H R/W Timer A Control Register Timer A Counter Register TACNT 233 E9H R Timer A Data Register TADATA 234 EAH R/W Timer 1 Control Register T1CON 235 EBH R/W Timer 1 Counter Register(High Byte) T1CNTH 236 ECH R Timer 1 Counter Register(Low Byte) T1CNTL 237 EDH R Timer 1 Data Register(High Byte) T1DATAH 238 EEH R/W Timer 1 Data Register(Low Byte) T1DATAL 239 EFH R/W Timer B Data Register(High Byte) TBDATAH 240 F0H R/W Timer B Data Register(Low Byte) TBDATAL 241 F1H R/W Timer B Control Register TBCON 242 F2H R/W A/D Converter Control Register ADCON 243 F3H R/W A/D Converter Data Register(High Byte) ADDATAH 244 F4H R A/D Converter Data Register(Low Byte) ADDATAL 245 F5H R UART Control Register UARTCON 246 F6H R/W UART Data Register UDATA 247 F7H R/W UART Baud Rate Data Register BRDATA 248 F8H R/W Interrupt Pending Register INTPND 249 F9H R/W Oscillator Control Register OSCCON 250 FAH R/W STPCON 251 FBH R/W FDH R FFH R/W STOP Control Register Location FCH is not mapped. Basic Timer Counter BTCNT 253 Location FEH is not mapped. Interrupt Priority Register 4-2 IPR 255 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER Table 4-3. Set 1, Bank 1 Registers Register Name Mnemonic Decimal Hex R/W Flash Memory Sector Address Register(High Byte) FMSECH 208 D0H R/W Flash Memory Sector Address Register(Low Byte) FMSECL 209 D1H R/W Flash Memory Control Register FMCON 210 D2H R/W Port 0 Control Register(High Byte) P0CONH 224 E0H R/W Port 0 Control Register(Low Byte) P0CONL 225 E1H R/W Port 0 Interrupt Control Register(High Byte) P0INTH 226 E2H R/W Port 0 Interrupt Control Register(Low Byte) P0INTL 227 E3H R/W Port 0 Interrupt Pending Register P0PND 228 E4H R/W Port 1 Control Register(High Byte) P1CONH 229 E5H R/W Port 1 Control Register(Low Byte) P1CONL 230 E6H R/W P1PUR 231 E7H R/W P2CONH 232 E8H R/W Port 2 Control Register(Low Byte) P2CONL 233 E9H R/W Port 3 Control Register(High Byte) P3CONH 234 EAH R/W Port 3 Control Register(Low Byte) P3CONL 235 EBH R/W Port 4 Control Register(High Byte) P4CONH 236 ECH R/W Port 4 Control Register(Low Byte) P4CONL 237 EDH R/W Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register P4PUR 238 EEH R/W Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register P5PUR 239 EFH R/W Port 0 Data Register P0 240 F0H R/W Port 1 Data Register P1 241 F1H R/W Port 2 Data Register P2 242 F2H R/W Port 3 Data Register P3 243 F3H R/W Port 4 Data Register P4 244 F4H R/W Port 5 Data Register P5 245 F5H R/W Port 6 Data Register P6 246 F6H R/W Port 7 Data Register P7 247 F7H R/W Port 8 Data Register P8 248 F8H R/W P5CONH 249 F9H R/W Port 5 Control Register(Low Byte) P5CONL 250 FAH R/W Port 6 Control Register(High Byte) P6CONH 251 FBH R/W Port 6 Control Register(Low Byte) P6CONL 252 FCH R/W Port 7 Control Register P7CON 253 FDH R/W Port 8 Control Register P8CON 254 FEH R/W Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register FMUSR 255 FFH R/W Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register Port 2 Control Register(High Byte) Port 5 Control Register(High Byte) 4-3 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Bit number(s) that is/are appended to the register name for bit addressing Register ID Name of individual bit or related bits Register location in the internal register file Register address (hexadecimal) Full Register name FLAGS - System Flags Register D5H Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value x x x x x x x 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Bit Addressing Register addressing mode only Mode .7 Carry Flag (C) .6 0 Operation does not generate a carry or borrow condition 0 Operation generates carry-out or borrow into high-order bit 7 Zero Flag (Z) 0 Operation result is a non-zero value 0 Operation result is zero .5 Sign Flag (S) 0 Operation generates positive number (MSB = "0") 0 Operation generates negative number (MSB = "1") R = Read-only W = Write-only R/W = Read/write '-' = Not used Description of the effect of specific bit settings Type of addressing that must be used to address the bit (1-bit, 4-bit, or 8-bit) RESET value notation: '-' = Not used 'x' = Undetermined value '0' = Logic zero '1' = Logic one Figure 4-1. Register Description Format 4-4 Bit number: MSB = Bit 7 LSB = Bit 0 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER ADCON — A/D Converter Control Register F3H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – R/W R/W R/W R R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .6–.4 A/D Input Pin Selection Bits .3 .2–.1 .0 0 0 0 AD0 0 0 1 AD1 0 1 0 AD2 0 1 1 AD3 1 0 0 AD4 1 0 1 AD5 1 1 0 AD6 1 1 1 AD7 End-of-Conversion Bit (Read-only) 0 Conversion not complete 1 Conversion complete Clock Source Selection Bits 0 0 fxx/16 0 1 fxx/8 1 0 fxx/4 1 1 fxx/1 Start or Enable Bit 0 Disable operation 1 Start operation 4-5 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BLDCON — Battery Level Detector Control Register D2H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 – – R/W R R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .5 VIN Source Bit .4 .3 .2–.0 4-6 0 Internal source 1 External source BLD Output Bit (Read-only) 0 VIN > VREF (when BLD is enabled) 1 VIN < VREF (when BLD is enabled) BLD Enable/Disable Bit 0 Disable BLD 1 Enable BLD Detection Voltage Selection Bits 0 0 0 VBLD = 2.2 V 1 0 1 VBLD = 2.4 V 0 1 1 VBLD = 2.8 V S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER BTCON — Basic Timer Control Register D3H Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.4 Watchdog Timer Function Disable Code (for System Reset) 1 0 1 0 Others .3–.2 .1 .0 Disable watchdog timer function Enable watchdog timer function Basic Timer Input Clock Selection Bits (3) 0 0 fxx/4096 0 1 fxx/1024 1 0 fxx/128 1 1 fxx/16 Basic Timer Counter Clear Bit (1) 0 No effect 1 Clear the basic timer counter value Clock Frequency Divider Clear Bit for Basic Timer and Timer/Counters (2) 0 No effect 1 Clear both clock frequency dividers NOTES: 1. When you write a “1” to BTCON.1, the basic timer counter value is cleared to "00H". Immediately following the write operation, the BTCON.1 value is automatically cleared to “0”. 2. When you write a "1" to BTCON.0, the corresponding frequency divider is cleared to "00H". Immediately following the write operation, the BTCON.0 value is automatically cleared to "0". 3. The fxx is selected clock for system (main OSC. or sub OSC.). 4-7 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CLKCON — System Clock Control Register D4H Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 – – 0 0 – – – R/W – – R/W R/W – – – Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Oscillator IRQ Wake-up Function Bit 0 Enable IRQ for main wake-up in power down mode 1 Disable IRQ for main wake-up in power down mode .6–.5 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .4–.3 CPU Clock (System Clock) Selection Bits (note) .2–.0 0 0 fxx/16 0 1 fxx/8 1 0 fxx/2 1 1 fxx/1 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 NOTE: After a reset, the slowest clock (divided by 16) is selected as the system clock. To select faster clock speeds, load the appropriate values to CLKCON.3 and CLKCON.4. 4-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER FLAGS — System Flags Register D5H Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value x x x x x x 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Carry Flag (C) .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 0 Operation does not generate a carry or borrow condition 1 Operation generates a carry-out or borrow into high-order bit 7 Zero Flag (Z) 0 Operation result is a non-zero value 1 Operation result is zero Sign Flag (S) 0 Operation generates a positive number (MSB = "0") 1 Operation generates a negative number (MSB = "1") Overflow Flag (V) 0 Operation result is ≤ +127 or ≥ –128 1 Operation result is > +127 or < –128 Decimal Adjust Flag (D) 0 Add operation completed 1 Subtraction operation completed Half-Carry Flag (H) 0 No carry-out of bit 3 or no borrow into bit 3 by addition or subtraction 1 Addition generated carry-out of bit 3 or subtraction generated borrow into bit 3 Fast Interrupt Status Flag (FIS) 0 Interrupt return (IRET) in progress (when read) 1 Fast interrupt service routine in progress (when read) Bank Address Selection Flag (BA) 0 Bank 0 is selected 1 Bank 1 is selected 4-9 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 FMCON — Flash Memory Control Register D2H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 – – 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R – – R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.4 Flash Memory Mode Selection Bits 0 1 0 1 Programming mode 1 0 1 0 Sector erase mode 0 1 1 0 Hard lock mode Others .3 Not available Sector Erase Status Bit (Read-only) 0 Success sector erase 1 Fail sector erase .2–.1 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .0 Flash Operation Start Bit 0 Operation stop bit 1 Operation start bit NOTE: The FMCON.0 will be cleared automatically just after the corresponding operation completed. 4-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER FMSECH — Flash Memory Sector Address Register (High Byte) D0H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.0 Flash Memory Sector Address Bits (High Byte) The 15th-8th to select a sector of Flash ROM NOTE: The high-byte flash memory sector address pointer value is higher eight bits of the 16-bit pointer address. FMSECL — Flash Memory Sector Address Register (Low Byte) D1H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Flash Memory Sector Address Bit (Low Byte) The 7th bit to select a sector of Flash ROM .6–.0 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 NOTE: The low-byte flash memory sector address pointer value is lower eight bits of the 16-bit pointer address. 4-11 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 FMUSR — Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register FFH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.0 Flash Memory User Programming Enable Bits 1 0 1 0 0 Others 4-12 1 0 1 Enable user programming mode Disable user programming mode S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER IMR — Interrupt Mask Register Bit Identifier RESET Value Read/Write Addressing Mode .7 DDH Set 1 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 x x x x x x x x R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Register addressing mode only .7 Interrupt Level 7 (IRQ7) Enable Bit; External Interrupts P0.4–0.7 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) .6 Interrupt Level 6 (IRQ6) Enable Bit; External Interrupts P0.0–0.3 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) .5 Interrupt Level 5 (IRQ5) Enable Bit; UART Transmit, UART Receive, Watch Timer 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) .4 Interrupt Level 4 (IRQ4) Enable Bit; SIO 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) .3 Interrupt Level 3 (IRQ3) Enable Bit; Timer 1 Match/Capture or Overflow 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) .2 Interrupt Level 2 (IRQ2) Enable Bit; Timer 0 Match 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) .1 Interrupt Level 1 (IRQ1) Enable Bit; Timer B Match 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) .0 Interrupt Level 0 (IRQ0) Enable Bit; Timer A Match/Capture or Overflow 0 Disable (mask) 1 Enable (unmask) NOTE: When an interrupt level is masked, any interrupt requests that may be issued are not recognized by the CPU. 4-13 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTPND — Interrupt Pending Register F9H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .5 Rx Interrupt Pending Bit (for UART) .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 4-14 0 No interrupt pending (when read), clear pending bit (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending (when read) Tx Interrupt Pending Bit (for UART) 0 No interrupt pending (when read), clear pending bit (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending (when read) Timer 1 Match/Capture Interrupt Pending Bit 0 No interrupt pending (when read), clear pending bit (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending (when read) Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Pending Bit 0 No interrupt pending (when read), clear pending bit (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending (when read) Timer A Match/Capture Interrupt Pending Bit 0 No interrupt pending (when read), clear pending bit (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending (when read) Timer A Overflow Interrupt Pending Bit 0 No interrupt pending (when read), clear pending bit (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending (when read) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER IPH — Instruction Pointer (High Byte) DAH Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value x x x x x x x x R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.0 Instruction Pointer Address (High Byte) The high-byte instruction pointer value is the upper eight bits of the 16-bit instruction pointer address (IP15–IP8). The lower byte of the IP address is located in the IPL register (DBH). IPL — Instruction Pointer (Low Byte) DBH Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value x x x x x x x x R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode .7–.0 Register addressing mode only Instruction Pointer Address (Low Byte) The low-byte instruction pointer value is the lower eight bits of the 16-bit instruction pointer address (IP7–IP0). The upper byte of the IP address is located in the IPH register (DAH). 4-15 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 IPR — Interrupt Priority Register FFH Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value Read/Write x R/W x R/W x R/W x R/W x R/W x R/W x R/W x R/W Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7, .4, and .1 Priority Control Bits for Interrupt Groups A, B, and C .6 .5 .3 .2 .0 0 0 0 Group priority undefined 0 0 1 B > C > A 0 1 0 A > B > C 0 1 1 B > A > C 1 0 0 C > A > B 1 0 1 C > B > A 1 1 0 A > C > B 1 1 1 Group priority undefined Interrupt Subgroup C Priority Control Bit 0 IRQ6 > IRQ7 1 IRQ7 > IRQ6 Interrupt Group C Priority Control Bit 0 IRQ5 > (IRQ6, IRQ7) 1 (IRQ6, IRQ7) > IRQ5 Interrupt Subgroup B Priority Control Bit 0 IRQ3 > IRQ4 1 IRQ4 > IRQ3 Interrupt Group B Priority Control Bit 0 IRQ2 > (IRQ3, IRQ4) 1 (IRQ3, IRQ4) > IRQ2 Interrupt Group A Priority Control Bit 0 IRQ0 > IRQ1 1 IRQ1 > IRQ0 NOTE: Interrupt group A -IRQ0, IRQ1 Interrupt group B -IRQ2, IRQ3, IRQ4 Interrupt group C -IRQ5, IRQ6, IRQ7 4-16 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER IRQ — Interrupt Request Register DCH Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R R R R R R R R Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Level 7 (IRQ7) Request Pending Bit; External Interrupts P0.4–0.7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 0 Not pending 1 Pending Level 6 (IRQ6) Request Pending Bit; External Interrupts P0.0–0.3 0 Not pending 1 Pending Level 5 (IRQ5) Request Pending Bit; UART Transmit, UART Receive, Watch Timer 0 Not pending 1 Pending Level 4 (IRQ4) Request Pending Bit; SIO 0 Not pending 1 Pending Level 3 (IRQ3) Request Pending Bit; Timer 1 Match/Capture or Overflow 0 Not pending 1 Pending Level 2 (IRQ2) Request Pending Bit; Timer 0 Match 0 Not pending 1 Pending Level 1 (IRQ1) Request Pending Bit; Timer B Match 0 Not pending 1 Pending Level 0 (IRQ0) Request Pending Bit; Timer A Match/Capture or Overflow 0 Not pending 1 Pending 4-17 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LCON — LCD Control Register D0H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W – R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Internal LCD Dividing Resistors Enable Bit .6–.5 .4–.2 0 Enable internal LCD dividing resistors 1 Disable internal LCD dividing resistors LCD Clock Selection Bits 0 0 fw/28 (128 Hz) 0 1 fw/27 (256 Hz) 1 0 fw/26 (512 Hz) 1 1 fw/25 (1024 Hz) LCD Duty and Bias Selection Bits (note) 0 0 0 1/8duty, 1/4 bias 0 0 1 1/4duty, 1/3 bias 0 1 0 1/3duty, 1/3 bias 0 1 1 1/3duty, 1/2 bias 1 x x 1/2duty, 1/2 bias .1 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .0 LCD Display Control Bits 0 All LCD signals are low (Turn off the P-Tr) 1 Turn display on (Turn on the P-Tr) NOTES: 1. "x" means don't care. 2. When 1/3 bias is selected, the bias levels are set as VLC0, VLC1, VLC2 (VLC3), and VSS. 3. When 1/2bias is selected, the bias levels are set as VLC0, VLC1 (VLC2, VLC3), and VSS. 4-18 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER OSCCON — Oscillator Control Register FAH Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 – – – 0 0 – 0 R/W – – – R/W R/W – R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Sub Oscillator Circuit Selection Bit 0 Select normal circuit for sub oscillator 1 Select power saving circuit for sub oscillator (note) (Automatically cleared to "0" when the sub oscillator is stopped by OSCCON.2 or the CPU is entered into stop mode in sub operating mode) .6–.4 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .3 Main Oscillator Control Bit .2 0 Main oscillator RUN 1 Main oscillator STOP Sub Oscillator Control Bit 0 Sub oscillator RUN 1 Sub oscillator STOP .1 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .0 System Clock Selection Bit 0 Select main oscillator for system clock 1 Select sub oscillator for system clock NOTE: A capacitor (0.1µF) should be connected between VREG and GND when the sub-oscillator is used to power saving mode (OSCCON.7 = "1"). 4-19 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P0CONH — Port 0 Control Register (High Byte) E0H Set 1, Bank 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P0.7/INT7 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-20 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull P0.6/INT6 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull P0.5/INT5 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull P0.4/INT4 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P0CONL — Port 0 Control Register (Low Byte) E1H Set 1, Bank 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P0.3/INT3 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull P0.2/INT2 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull P0.1/INT1 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull P0.0/INT0 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Schmitt trigger input mode with pull-up resistor 1 0 Output mode, open-drain 1 1 Output mode, push-pull 4-21 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P0INTH — Port 0 Interrupt Control Register (High Byte) E2H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P0.7/External interrupt (INT7) Enable Bits .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-22 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge P0.6/External interrupt (INT6) Enable Bits 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge P0.5/External interrupt (INT5) Enable Bits 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge P0.4/External interrupt (INT4) Enable Bits 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P0INTL — Port 0 Interrupt Control Register (Low Byte) E3H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P0.3/External interrupt (INT3) Enable Bits .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge P0.2/External interrupt (INT2) Enable Bits 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge P0.1/External interrupt (INT1) Enable Bits 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge P0.0/External interrupt (INT0) Enable Bits 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Enable interrupt by falling edge 1 0 Enable interrupt by rising edge 1 1 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge 4-23 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P0PND — Port 0 Interrupt Pending Register E4H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 P0.7/External Interrupt (INT7) Pending Bit .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 4-24 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.7/INT7 interrupt request is pending (when read) P0.6/External Interrupt (INT6) Pending Bit 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.6/INT6 interrupt request is pending (when read) P0.5/External Interrupt (INT5) Pending Bit 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.5/INT5 interrupt request is pending (when read) P0.4/External Interrupt (INT4) Pending Bit 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.4/INT4 interrupt request is pending (when read) P0.3/External Interrupt (INT3) Pending Bit 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.3/INT3 interrupt request is pending (when read) P0.2/External Interrupt (INT2) Pending Bit 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.2/INT2 interrupt request is pending (when read) P0.1/External Interrupt (INT1) Pending Bit 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.1/INT1 interrupt request is pending (when read) P0.0/External Interrupt (INT0) Pending Bit 0 Clear pending bit (when write) 1 P0.0/INT0 interrupt request is pending (when read) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P1CONH — Port 1 Control Register (High Byte) E5H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .5–.4 P1.6/SI .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode (SI) 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 P1.5/SCK 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode (SCK input) 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SCK output) P1.4/SO 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SO) 4-25 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P1CONL — Port 1 Control Register (Low Byte) E6H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P1.3/BUZ .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-26 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (BUZ) P1.2/T1OUT/T1PWM 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (T1OUT/T1PWM) P1.1/T1CLK 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode (T1CLK) 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 P1.0/T1CAP 0 0 Schmitt trigger input mode (T1CAP) 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P1PUR — Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register E7H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value Read/Write – – 0 R/W 0 R/W 0 R/W 0 R/W 0 R/W 0 R/W 0 R/W Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .6 P1.6 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable P1.5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable P1.4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable P1.3 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable P1.2 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable P1.1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable P1.0 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable NOTE: A pull-up resistor of port 1 is automatically disabled only when the corresponding pin is selected as push-pull output or alternative function. 4-27 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P2CONH — Port 2 Control Register (High Byte) E8H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P2.7/AD7/VBLDREF .5-.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-28 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD7/VBLDREF) P2.6/AD6 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD6) P2.5/AD5 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD5) P2.4/AD4 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD4) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P2CONL — Port 2 Control Register (Low Byte) E9H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P2.3/AD3 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD3) P2.2/AD2 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD2) P2.1/AD1 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD1) P2.0/AD0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (AD0) 4-29 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P3CONH — Port 3 Control Register (High Byte) EAH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value – – 0 0 0 0 0 0 – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .5 P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM/SEG35 (P3CONL.3-.2 = "11" only) .4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-30 0 TAOUT/TAPWM out 1 SEG35 out P3.0/TBPWM/SEG34 (P3CONL.3-.2 = "11" only) 0 TBPWM out 1 SEG34 out P3.5/RxD 0 0 Input mode (RxD) 0 1 Input mode, pull-up (RxD) 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (RxD out) P3.4/TxD 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (TxD) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P3CONL — Port 3 Control Register (Low Byte) EBH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P3.3/TACAP/SEG37 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Input mode (TACAP) 0 1 Input mode, pull-up (TACAP) 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG37) P3.2/TACLK/SEG36 0 0 Input mode (TACLK) 0 1 Input mode, pull-up (TACLK) 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG36) P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM/SEG35 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (TAOUT/TAPWM/SEG35) P3.0/TBPWM/SEG34 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (TBPWM/SEG34) 4-31 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P4CONH — Port 4 Control Register (High Byte) ECH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P4.7/SEG25 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-32 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG25) P4.6/SEG24 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG24) P4.5/SEG23 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG23) P4.4/SEG22 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG22) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P4CONL — Port 4 Control Register (Low Byte) EDH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P4.3/SEG21 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG21) P4.2/SEG20 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG20) P4.1/SEG19 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG19) P4.0/SEG18 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG18) 4-33 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P4PUR — Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register EEH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 P4.7 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .6 P4.6 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .5 P4.5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .4 P4.4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .3 P4.3 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .2 P4.2 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .1 P4.1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .0 P4.0 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable NOTE: A pull-up resistor of port 4 is automatically disabled only when the corresponding pin is selected as push-pull output or alternative function. 4-34 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P5CONH — Port 5 Control Register (High Byte) F9H Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P5.7/SEG33 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG33) P5.6/SEG32 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG32) P5.5/SEG31 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG31) P5.4/SEG30 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG30) 4-35 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P5CONL — Port 5 Control Register (Low Byte) FAH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P5.3/SEG29 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-36 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG29) P5.2/SEG28 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG28) P5.1/SEG27 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG27) P5.0/SEG26 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG26) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P5PUR — Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register EFH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 P5.7 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .6 P5.6 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .5 P5.5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .4 P5.4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .3 P5.3 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .2 P5.2 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .1 P5.1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable .0 P5.0 Pull-up Resistor Enable Bit 0 Pull-up disable 1 Pull-up enable NOTE: A pull-up resistor of port 5 is automatically disabled only when the corresponding pin is selected as push-pull output or alternative function. 4-37 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P6CONH — Port 6 Control Register (High Byte) FBH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P6.7/SEG17 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-38 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG17) P6.6/SEG16 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG16) P6.5/SEG15 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG15) P6.4/SEG14 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG14) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P6CONL — Port 6 Control Register (Low Byte) FCH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P6.3/SEG13 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG13) P6.2/SEG12 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG12) P6.1/SEG11 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG11) P6.0/SEG10 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG10) 4-39 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 P7CON — Port 7 Control Register FDH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P7.3/SEG9 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 4-40 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG9) P7.2/SEG8 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG8) P7.1/SEG7 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG7) P7.0/SEG6 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (SEG6) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER P8CON — Port 8 Control Register FEH Set 1, Bank1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 P8.7-P8.4/COM7-COM4/SEG5-SEG2 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1–.0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (COM7-COM4/SEG5-SEG2) P8.3/COM3/SEG1 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (COM3/SEG1) P8.2/COM2/SEG0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (COM2/SEG0) P8.1-P8.0/COM1-COM0 0 0 Input mode 0 1 Input mode, pull-up 1 0 Output mode, push-pull 1 1 Alternative function (COM1-COM0) 4-41 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PP — Register Page Pointer Bit Identifier RESET Value Read/Write Addressing Mode .7 DFH Set 1 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Register addressing mode only .7–.4 Destination Register Page Selection Bits 0 0 0 0 Destination: page 0 0 0 0 1 Destination: page 1 0 0 1 0 Destination: page 2 (not used for the S3C8285) 0 0 1 1 Destination: page 3 (not used for the S3C8285) 0 1 0 0 Destination: page 4 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 0 1 0 1 Destination: page 5 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 0 1 1 0 Destination: page 6 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 0 1 1 1 Destination: page 7 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 1 0 0 0 Destination: page 8 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 1 0 0 1 Destination: page 9 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 1 1 1 1 Destination: page 15 Others Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .3 – .0 Source Register Page Selection Bits 0 0 0 0 Source: page 0 0 0 0 1 Source: page 1 0 0 1 0 Source: page 2 (not used for the S3C8285) 0 0 1 1 Source: page 3 (not used for the S3C8285) 0 1 0 0 Source: page 4 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 0 1 0 1 Source: page 5 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 0 1 1 0 Source: page 6 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 0 1 1 1 Source: page 7 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 1 0 0 0 Source: page 8 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 1 0 0 1 Source: page 9 (not used for the S3C8289/C8285) 1 1 1 1 Source: page 15 Others Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 NOTES: 1. In the S3C828B microcontroller, the internal register file is configured as eleven pages (pages 0-9,15). The pages 0-9 are used for general purpose register file. 2. In the S3C8289 microcontroller, the internal register file is configured as eleven pages (pages 0-3,15). The pages 0-3 are used for general purpose register file. 3. In the S3C8285 microcontroller, the internal register file is configured as eleven pages (pages 0-1,15). The pages 0-1 are used for general purpose register file. 4. The page 15 of S3C828B/C8289/C8285 is used for LCD data register or general purpose register. 4-42 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER RP0 — Register Pointer 0 D6H Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 1 1 0 0 0 – – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W – – – Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing only .7–.3 Register Pointer 0 Address Value Register pointer 0 can independently point to one of the 256-byte working register areas in the register file. Using the register pointers RP0 and RP1, you can select two 8-byte register slices at one time as active working register space. After a reset, RP0 points to address C0H in register set 1, selecting the 8-byte working register slice C0H–C7H. .2–.0 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 RP1 — Register Pointer 1 D7H Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 1 1 0 0 1 – – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W – – – Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing only .7 – .3 Register Pointer 1 Address Value Register pointer 1 can independently point to one of the 256-byte working register areas in the register file. Using the register pointers RP0 and RP1, you can select two 8-byte register slices at one time as active working register space. After a reset, RP1 points to address C8H in register set 1, selecting the 8-byte working register slice C8H–CFH. .2 – .0 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 4-43 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SIOCON — SIO Control Register E0H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 SIO Shift Clock Selection Bit .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 4-44 0 Internal clock (P.S clock) 1 External clock (SCK) Data Direction Control Bit 0 MSB-first mode 1 LSB-first mode SIO Mode Selection Bit 0 Receive-only mode 1 Transmit/Receive mode Shift Clock Edge Selection Bit 0 Tx at falling edges, Rx at rising edges 1 Tx at rising edges, Rx at falling edges SIO Counter Clear and Shift Start Bit 0 No action 1 Clear 3-bit counter and start shifting SIO Shift Operation Enable Bit 0 Disable shifter and clock counter 1 Enable shifter and clock counter SIO Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable SIO Interrupt 1 Enable SIO Interrupt SIO Interrupt Pending Bit 0 No interrupt pending (when read), Clear pending condition (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER SPH — Stack Pointer (High Byte) D8H Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value x x x x x x x x R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.0 Stack Pointer Address (High Byte) The high-byte stack pointer value is the upper eight bits of the 16-bit stack pointer address (SP15–SP8). The lower byte of the stack pointer value is located in register SPL (D9H). The SP value is undefined following a reset. SPL — Stack Pointer (Low Byte) Bit Identifier RESET Value Read/Write Addressing Mode .7–.0 .7 .6 D9H .5 .4 .3 .2 Set 1 .1 .0 x x x x x x x x R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Register addressing mode only Stack Pointer Address (Low Byte) The low-byte stack pointer value is the lower eight bits of the 16-bit stack pointer address (SP7–SP0). The upper byte of the stack pointer value is located in register SPH (D8H). The SP value is undefined following a reset. 4-45 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 STPCON — Stop Control Register FBH Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.0 STOP Control Bits 10100101 Enable stop instruction Other values Disable stop instruction NOTE: Before execute the STOP instruction, You must set this STPCON register as “10100101b”. Otherwise the STOP instruction will not execute as well as reset will be generated. 4-46 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER SYM — System Mode Register DEH Set 1 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 – – x x x 0 0 R/W – – R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Not used, But you must keep "0" .6–.5 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .4–.2 Fast Interrupt Level Selection Bits (1) .1 .0 0 0 0 IRQ0 0 0 1 IRQ1 0 1 0 IRQ2 0 1 1 IRQ3 1 0 0 IRQ4 1 0 1 IRQ5 1 1 0 IRQ6 1 1 1 IRQ7 Fast Interrupt Enable Bit (2) 0 Disable fast interrupt processing 1 Enable fast interrupt processing Global Interrupt Enable Bit (3) 0 Disable all interrupt processing 1 Enable all interrupt processing NOTES: 1. You can select only one interrupt level at a time for fast interrupt processing. 2. Setting SYM.1 to "1" enables fast interrupt processing for the interrupt level currently selected by SYM.2–SYM.4. 3. Following a reset, you must enable global interrupt processing by executing an EI instruction (not by writing a "1" to SYM.0). 4-47 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 T0CON — Timer 0 Control Register E3H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.5 Timer 0 Input Clock Selection Bits 0 0 0 TBOF 0 0 1 fxx/256 0 1 0 fxx/64 0 1 1 fxx/8 1 x x fxx .4 Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 .3 Timer 0 Counter Clear Bit .2 .1 .0 0 No effect 1 Clear the timer 0 counter (when write) Timer 0 Counter Enable Bit 0 Disable counting operation 1 Enable counting operation Timer 0 Match Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable interrupt 1 Enable interrupt Timer 0 Interrupt Pending Bit 0 No timer 0 interrupt pending (when read), Clear timer 0 interrupt pending bit (when write) 1 T0 interrupt is pending NOTE: The T0CON.3 value is automatically cleared to "0" after being cleared counter. 4-48 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER T1CON — Timer 1 Control Register EBH Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.5 Timer 1 Input Clock Selection Bits .4–.3 .2 .1 .0 0 0 0 fxx/1024 0 0 1 fxx/256 0 1 0 fxx/64 0 1 1 fxx/8 1 0 0 fxx/1 1 0 1 External clock (T1CLK) falling edge 1 1 0 External clock (T1CLK) rising edge 1 1 1 Counter stop Timer 1 Operating Mode Selection Bits 0 0 Interval mode (T1OUT) 0 1 Capture mode (Capture on rising edge, counter running, OVF can occur) 1 0 Capture mode (Capture on falling edge, counter running, OVF can occur) 1 1 PWM mode (OVF and match interrupt can occur) Timer 1 Counter Enable Bit 0 No effect 1 Clear the timer 1 counter (when write) Timer 1 Match/Capture Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable interrupt 1 Enable interrupt Timer 1 Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable overflow interrupt 1 Enable overflow interrupt NOTE: The T1CON.2 value is automatically cleared to "0" after being cleared counter. 4-49 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 TACON — Timer A Control Register E8H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.5 Timer A Input Clock Selection Bits .4–.3 .2 .1 .0 0 0 0 fxx/1024 0 0 1 fxx/256 0 1 0 fxx/64 0 1 1 fxx/8 1 0 0 fxx(system clock) 1 0 1 External clock (TACLK) falling edge 1 1 0 External clock (TACLK) rising edge 1 1 1 Counter stop Timer A Operating Mode Selection Bits 0 0 Internal mode (TAOUT) 0 1 Capture mode (capture on rising edge, counter running, OVF can occur) 1 0 Capture mode (capture on falling edge, counter running, OVF can occur) 1 1 PWM mode (OVF interrupt can occur) Timer A Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit 0 No effect 1 Clear the timer A counter (when write) Timer A Match/Capture Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable interrupt 1 Enable interrupt Timer A Overflow Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable overflow interrupt 1 Enable overflow interrupt NOTE: The TACON.2 value is automatically cleared to "0" after being cleared the counter. 4-50 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER TBCON — Timer B Control Register F2H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7–.6 Timer B Input Clock Selection Bits .5–.4 .3 .2 .1 .0 0 0 fxx/1 0 1 fxx/2 1 0 fxx/4 1 1 fxx/8 Timer B Interrupt Time Selection Bits 0 0 Generating after low data is borrowed. 0 1 Generating after high data is borrowed. 1 0 Generating after low and high data are borrowed. 1 1 Not available Timer B Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable Interrupt 1 Enable Interrupt Timer B Start/Stop Bit 0 Stop timer B 1 Start timer B Timer B Mode Selection Bit 0 One-shot mode 1 Repeating mode Timer B Output flip-flop Control Bit 0 TBOF is low (TBPWM: low level for low data, high level for high data) 1 TBOF is high (TBPWM: high level for low data, low level for high data) 4-51 CONTROL REGISTERS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UARTCON — UART Control Register Bit Identifier .7 Addressing Mode .7–.6 Set 1, Bank0 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W RESET Value Read/Write F6H R/W Register addressing mode only UART Mode Selection Bits 0 0 Mode 0: shift register (fxx/(16 × (BRDATA+1))) 0 1 Mode 1: 8-bit UART (fxx/(16 × (BRDATA+1))) 1 0 Mode 2: 9-bit UART (fxx/16) 1 1 Mode 3: 9-bit UART (fxx/(16 × (BRDATA+1))) .5 Multiprocessor Communication Enable Bit (for modes 2 and 3 only) 0 Disable 1 Enable .4 Serial Data Receive Enable Bit 0 Disable 1 Enable .3 TB8 Location of the 9th data bit to be transmitted in UART mode 2 or 3 ("0" or "1") .2 RB8 Location of the 9th data bit to be transmitted in UART mode 2 or 3 ("0" or "1") .1 Receive Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable Rx interrupt 1 Enable Rx interrupt .0 Transmit Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable Tx interrupt 1 Enable Tx interrupt NOTES: 1. In mode 2 and 3, if the MCE bit is set to "1" then the receive interrupt will not be activated if the received 9th data bit "0". In mode 1, if MCE = "1" the receive interrupt will not be activated if a valid stop bit was not received. In mode 0, the MCE bit should be "0". 2. The descriptions for 8-bit and 9-bit UART mode do not include start and stop bits for serial data receive and transmit. 3. Rx/Tx interrupt pending bits are in INTPND register. 4-52 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONTROL REGISTER WTCON — Watch Timer Control Register D1H Set 1, Bank0 Bit Identifier .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 RESET Value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W R/W Read/Write Addressing Mode Register addressing mode only .7 Watch Timer Clock Selection Bit .6 .5–.4 .3–.2 .1 .0 0 Main system clock divided by 27 (fxx/128) 1 Sub system clock (fxt) Watch Timer Interrupt Enable Bit 0 Disable watch timer interrupt 1 Enable watch timer interrupt Buzzer Signal Selection Bits 0 0 0.5 kHz 0 1 1 kHz 1 0 2 kHz 1 1 4 kHz Watch Timer Speed Selection Bits 0 0 Set watch timer interrupt to 1.0s 0 1 Set watch timer interrupt to 0.5s 1 0 Set watch timer interrupt to 0.25s 1 1 Set watch timer interrupt to 3.91ms Watch Timer Enable Bit 0 Disable watch timer; Clear frequency dividing circuits 1 Enable watch timer Watch Timer Interrupt Pending Bit 0 No interrupt pending (when read), clear pending bit (when write) 1 Interrupt is pending (when read) NOTE: Watch timer clock frequency(fw) is assumed to be 32.768 kHz. 4-53 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 5 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE INTERRUPT STRUCTURE OVERVIEW The S3C8-series interrupt structure has three basic components: levels, vectors, and sources. The SAM8 CPU recognizes up to eight interrupt levels and supports up to 128 interrupt vectors. When a specific interrupt level has more than one vector address, the vector priorities are established in hardware. A vector address can be assigned to one or more sources. Levels Interrupt levels are the main unit for interrupt priority assignment and recognition. All peripherals and I/O blocks can issue interrupt requests. In other words, peripheral and I/O operations are interrupt-driven. There are eight possible interrupt levels: IRQ0–IRQ7, also called level 0–level 7. Each interrupt level directly corresponds to an interrupt request number (IRQn). The total number of interrupt levels used in the interrupt structure varies from device to device. The S3C828B/C8289/C8285 interrupt structure recognizes eight interrupt levels. The interrupt level numbers 0 through 7 do not necessarily indicate the relative priority of the levels. They are just identifiers for the interrupt levels that are recognized by the CPU. The relative priority of different interrupt levels is determined by settings in the interrupt priority register, IPR. Interrupt group and subgroup logic controlled by IPR settings lets you define more complex priority relationships between different levels. Vectors Each interrupt level can have one or more interrupt vectors, or it may have no vector address assigned at all. The maximum number of vectors that can be supported for a given level is 128 (The actual number of vectors used for S3C8-series devices is always much smaller). If an interrupt level has more than one vector address, the vector priorities are set in hardware. S3C828B/C8289/C8285 uses eighteen vectors. Sources A source is any peripheral that generates an interrupt. A source can be an external pin or a counter overflow. Each vector can have several interrupt sources. In the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 interrupt structure, there are eighteen possible interrupt sources. When a service routine starts, the respective pending bit should be either cleared automatically by hardware or cleared "manually" by program software. The characteristics of the source's pending mechanism determine which method would be used to clear its respective pending bit. 5-1 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT TYPES The three components of the S3C8 interrupt structure described before — levels, vectors, and sources — are combined to determine the interrupt structure of an individual device and to make full use of its available interrupt logic. There are three possible combinations of interrupt structure components, called interrupt types 1, 2, and 3. The types differ in the number of vectors and interrupt sources assigned to each level (see Figure 5-1): Type 1: One level (IRQn) + one vector (V1) + one source (S1) Type 2: One level (IRQn) + one vector (V1) + multiple sources (S1 – Sn) Type 3: One level (IRQn) + multiple vectors (V1 – Vn) + multiple sources (S1 – Sn, Sn+1 – Sn+m) In the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 microcontroller, two interrupt types are implemented. Type 1: Levels Vectors Sources IRQn V1 S1 S1 Type 2: IRQn V1 S2 S3 Sn Type 3: IRQn V1 S1 V2 S2 V3 S3 Vn Sn Sn + 1 NOTES: 1. The number of Sn and Vn value is expandable. 2. In the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 implementation, interrupt types 1 and 3 are used. Figure 5-1. S3C8-Series Interrupt Types 5-2 Sn + 2 Sn + m S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/C8289/C8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller supports nineteen interrupt sources. All nineteen of the interrupt sources have a corresponding interrupt vector address. Eight interrupt levels are recognized by the CPU in this device-specific interrupt structure, as shown in Figure 5-2. When multiple interrupt levels are active, the interrupt priority register (IPR) determines the order in which contending interrupts are to be serviced. If multiple interrupts occur within the same interrupt level, the interrupt with the lowest vector address is usually processed first (The relative priorities of multiple interrupts within a single level are fixed in hardware). When the CPU grants an interrupt request, interrupt processing starts. All other interrupts are disabled and the program counter value and status flags are pushed to stack. The starting address of the service routine is fetched from the appropriate vector address (plus the next 8-bit value to concatenate the full 16-bit address) and the service routine is executed. 5-3 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Levels Vectors Sources Reset/Clear RESET 100H Basic Timer Overflow H/W DCH Timer A match/capture S/W DEH Timer A overflow H/W,S/W IRQ1 E0H Timer B match H/W IRQ2 E2H Timer 0 match S/W E4H Timer 1 match/capture S/W E6H Timer 1 overflow H/W,S/W IRQ4 E8H SIO interrupt S/W EAH UART data transmit S/W IRQ5 ECH UART data receive S/W EEH Watch timer overflow S/W F0H P0.0 External interrupt S/W F2H P0.1 External interrupt S/W F4H P0.2 External interrupt S/W F6H P0.3 External interrupt S/W F8H P0.4 External interrupt S/W FAH P0.5 External interrupt S/W FCH P0.6 External interrupt S/W FEH P0.7 External interrupt S/W IRQ0 IRQ3 IRQ6 IRQ7 NOTES: 1. Within a given interrupt level, the low vector address has high priority. For example, E0H has higher priority than E2H within the level IRQ.0 the priorities within each level are set at the factory. 2. External interrupts are triggered by a rising or falling edge, depending on the corresponding control register setting. Figure 5-2. S3C828B/C8289/C8285 Interrupt Structure 5-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE INTERRUPT VECTOR ADDRESSES All interrupt vector addresses for the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 interrupt structure are stored in the vector address area of the internal 64-Kbyte ROM, 0H–FFFFH, or 16,32-Kbyte (see Figure 5-3). You can allocate unused locations in the vector address area as normal program memory. If you do so, please be careful not to overwrite any of the stored vector addresses (Table 5-1 lists all vector addresses). The program reset address in the ROM is 0100H. (Decimal) 65,535 (Hex) FFFFH (Hex) (Decimal) 32,767 64K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area ISP Sector 255 Interrupt Vector Area Smart Option 7FFFH (Hex) (Decimal) 16,383 32K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area 3FFFH 16K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area 1FFH FFH 255 3FH FFH 255 Interrupt Vector Area FFH Interrupt Vector Area 3CH 00H 0 S3C828B/F828B 00H 0 S3C8289/F8289 00H 0 S3C8285/F8285 Figure 5-3. ROM Vector Address Area 5-5 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 5-1. Interrupt Vectors Vector Address Decimal Value Hex Value 256 100H 220 Interrupt Source Request Reset/Clear Interrupt Level Priority in Level H/W Basic timer overflow Reset – √ DCH Timer A match/capture IRQ0 0 222 DEH Timer A overflow 224 E0H Timer B match 226 E2H 228 S/W √ 1 √ IRQ1 – √ Timer 0 match IRQ2 – √ E4H Timer 1 match/capture IRQ3 0 √ 230 E6H Timer 1 overflow 232 E8H SIO interrupt IRQ4 – √ 234 EAH UART data transmit IRQ5 0 √ 236 ECH UART data receive 1 √ 238 EEH Watch timer overflow 2 √ 240 F0H P0.0 external interrupt 0 √ 242 F2H P0.1 external interrupt 1 √ 244 F4H P0.2 external interrupt 2 √ 246 F6H P0.3 external interrupt 3 √ 248 F8H P0.4 external interrupt 0 √ 250 FAH P0.5 external interrupt 1 √ 252 FCH P0.6 external interrupt 2 √ 254 FEH P0.7 external interrupt 3 √ 1 IRQ6 IRQ7 √ NOTES: 1. Interrupt priorities are identified in inverse order: "0" is the highest priority, "1" is the next highest, and so on. 2. If two or more interrupts within the same level contend, the interrupt with the lowest vector address usually has priority over one with a higher vector address. The priorities within a given level are fixed in hardware. 3. Timer A or Timer 1 can not service two interrupt sources simultaneously, then only one interrupt source have to be used. 5-6 √ √ S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE ENABLE/DISABLE INTERRUPT INSTRUCTIONS (EI, DI) Executing the Enable Interrupts (EI) instruction globally enables the interrupt structure. All interrupts are then serviced as they occur according to the established priorities. NOTE The system initialization routine executed after a reset must always contain an EI instruction to globally enable the interrupt structure. During the normal operation, you can execute the DI (Disable Interrupt) instruction at any time to globally disable interrupt processing. The EI and DI instructions change the value of bit 0 in the SYM register. SYSTEM-LEVEL INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTERS In addition to the control registers for specific interrupt sources, four system-level registers control interrupt processing: — The interrupt mask register, IMR, enables (un-masks) or disables (masks) interrupt levels. — The interrupt priority register, IPR, controls the relative priorities of interrupt levels. — The interrupt request register, IRQ, contains interrupt pending flags for each interrupt level (as opposed to each interrupt source). — The system mode register, SYM, enables or disables global interrupt processing (SYM settings also enable fast interrupts and control the activity of external interface, if implemented). Table 5-2. Interrupt Control Register Overview Control Register ID R/W Function Description Interrupt mask register IMR R/W Bit settings in the IMR register enable or disable interrupt processing for each of the eight interrupt levels: IRQ0–IRQ7. Interrupt priority register IPR R/W Controls the relative processing priorities of the interrupt levels. The seven levels of S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/ F8285 are organized into three groups: A, B, and C. Group A is IRQ0 and IRQ1, group B is IRQ2, IRQ3 and IRQ4, and group C is IRQ5, IRQ6, and IRQ7. Interrupt request register IRQ R System mode register SYM R/W This register contains a request pending bit for each interrupt level. This register enables/disables fast interrupt processing, dynamic global interrupt processing, and external interface control (An external memory interface is implemented in the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller). NOTE: Before IMR register is changed to any value, all interrupts must be disable. Using DI instruction is recommended. 5-7 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT PROCESSING CONTROL POINTS Interrupt processing can therefore be controlled in two ways: globally or by specific interrupt level and source. The system-level control points in the interrupt structure are: — Global interrupt enable and disable (by EI and DI instructions or by direct manipulation of SYM.0 ) — Interrupt level enable/disable settings (IMR register) — Interrupt level priority settings (IPR register) — Interrupt source enable/disable settings in the corresponding peripheral control registers NOTE When writing an application program that handles interrupt processing, be sure to include the necessary register file address (register pointer) information. EI S RESET R Q Interrupt Request Register (Read-only) Polling Cycle IRQ0-IRQ7, Interrupts Interrupt Priority Register Vector Interrupt Cycle Interrupt Mask Register Global Interrupt Control (EI, DI or SYM.0 manipulation) Figure 5-4. Interrupt Function Diagram 5-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTERS For each interrupt source there is one or more corresponding peripheral control registers that let you control the interrupt generated by the related peripheral (see Table 5-3). Table 5-3. Interrupt Source Control and Data Registers Interrupt Source Interrupt Level Register(s) Location(s) in Set 1 Timer A match/capture Timer A overflow IRQ0 TACON TACNT TADATA E8H, bank 0 F9H, bank 0 EAH, bank 0 Timer B match IRQ1 TBCON TBDATAH, TBDATAL F2H, bank 0 F0H, F1H, bank 0 Timer 0 match IRQ2 T0CON T0CNTH, T0CNTL, T0DATAH, T0DATAL E3H, bank 0 E4H, E5H, bank 0 E6H, E7H, bank 0 Timer 1 match/capture Timer 1 overflow IRQ3 T1CON T1CNTH, T1CNTL T1DATAH, T1DATAL EBH, bank 0 ECH, EDH, bank 0 EEH, EFH, bank 0 SIO interrupt IRQ4 SIOCON SIODATA SIOPS E0H, bank 0 E1H, bank 0 E2H, bank 0 UART data transmit UART data receive IRQ5 UARTCON UDATA BRDATA WTCON F6H, bank 0 F7H, bank 0 F8H, bank 0 D1H, bank 0 P0.0 external interrupt P0.1 external interrupt P0.2 external interrupt P0.3 external interrupt IRQ6 P0CONL P0INTL P0PND E1H, bank 1 E3H, bank 1 E4H, bank 1 P0.4 external interrupt P0.5 external interrupt P0.6 external interrupt P0.7 external interrupt IRQ7 P0CONH P0INTH P0PND E0H, bank 1 E2H, bank 1 E4H, bank 1 Watch timer overflow 5-9 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SYSTEM MODE REGISTER (SYM) The system mode register, SYM (set 1, DEH), is used to globally enable and disable interrupt processing and to control fast interrupt processing (see Figure 5-5). A reset clears SYM.1, and SYM.0 to "0". The 3-bit value for fast interrupt level selection, SYM.4–SYM.2, is undetermined. The instructions EI and DI enable and disable global interrupt processing, respectively, by modifying the bit 0 value of the SYM register. In order to enable interrupt processing an Enable Interrupt (EI) instruction must be included in the initialization routine, which follows a reset operation. Although you can manipulate SYM.0 directly to enable and disable interrupts during the normal operation, it is recommended to use the EI and DI instructions for this purpose. System Mode Register (SYM) DEH, Set 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 Always logic "0" Not used for the S3C828B/C8249/C8245 Fast interrupt level selection bits: (1) 0 0 0 = IRQ0 0 0 1 = IRQ1 0 1 0 = IRQ2 0 1 1 = IRQ3 1 0 0 = IRQ4 1 0 1 = IRQ5 1 1 0 = IRQ6 1 1 1 = IRQ7 .2 .1 .0 LSB Global interrupt enable bit: (3) 0 = Disable all interrupts processing 1 = Enable all interrupts processing Fast interrupt enable bit: (2) 0 = Disable fast interrupts processing 1 = Enable fast interrupts processing NOTES: 1. You can select only one interrupt level at a time for fast interrupt processing. 2. Setting SYM.1 to "1" enables fast interrupt processing for the interrupt processing for the interrupt level currently selected by SYM.2-SYM.4. 3. Following a reset, you must enable global interrupt processing by executing EI instruction (not by writing a "1" to SYM.0) Figure 5-5. System Mode Register (SYM) 5-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE INTERRUPT MASK REGISTER (IMR) The interrupt mask register, IMR (set 1, DDH) is used to enable or disable interrupt processing for individual interrupt levels. After a reset, all IMR bit values are undetermined and must therefore be written to their required settings by the initialization routine. Each IMR bit corresponds to a specific interrupt level: bit 1 to IRQ1, bit 2 to IRQ2, and so on. When the IMR bit of an interrupt level is cleared to "0", interrupt processing for that level is disabled (masked). When you set a level's IMR bit to "1", interrupt processing for the level is enabled (not masked). The IMR register is mapped to register location DDH in set 1. Bit values can be read and written by instructions using the Register addressing mode. Interrupt Mask Register (IMR) DDH, Set 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 IRQ2 IRQ7 NOTE: IRQ6 IRQ5 IRQ4 .1 IRQ1 .0 LSB IRQ0 IRQ3 Interrupt level enable : 0 = Disable (mask) interrupt level 1 = Enable (un-mask) interrupt level Before IMR register is changed to any value, all interrupts must be disable. Using DI instruction is recommended. Figure 5-6. Interrupt Mask Register (IMR) 5-11 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT PRIORITY REGISTER (IPR) The interrupt priority register, IPR (set 1, bank 0, FFH), is used to set the relative priorities of the interrupt levels in the microcontroller’s interrupt structure. After a reset, all IPR bit values are undetermined and must therefore be written to their required settings by the initialization routine. When more than one interrupt sources are active, the source with the highest priority level is serviced first. If two sources belong to the same interrupt level, the source with the lower vector address usually has the priority (This priority is fixed in hardware). To support programming of the relative interrupt level priorities, they are organized into groups and subgroups by the interrupt logic. Please note that these groups (and subgroups) are used only by IPR logic for the IPR register priority definitions (see Figure 5-7): Group A IRQ0, IRQ1 Group B IRQ2, IRQ3, IRQ4 Group C IRQ5, IRQ6, IRQ7 IPR Group A A1 IPR Group B A2 B1 IPR Group C B2 B21 IRQ0 IRQ1 IRQ2 IRQ3 C1 B22 IRQ4 C2 C21 IRQ5 IRQ6 C22 IRQ7 Figure 5-7. Interrupt Request Priority Groups As you can see in Figure 5-8, IPR.7, IPR.4, and IPR.1 control the relative priority of interrupt groups A, B, and C. For example, the setting "001B" for these bits would select the group relationship B > C > A. The setting "101B" would select the relationship C > B > A. The functions of the other IPR bit settings are as follows: — IPR.5 controls the relative priorities of group C interrupts. — Interrupt group C includes a subgroup that has an additional priority relationship among the interrupt levels 5, 6, and 7. IPR.6 defines the subgroup C relationship. IPR.5 controls the interrupt group C. — IPR.0 controls the relative priority setting of IRQ0 and IRQ1 interrupts. 5-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE Interrupt Priority Register (IPR) FFH, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 Group priority: Group A: 0 = IRQ0 > IRQ1 1 = IRQ1 > IRQ0 D7 D4 D1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 LSB = Undefined =B>C>A =A>B>C =B>A>C =C>A>B =C>B>A =A>C>B = Undefined Group B: 0 = IRQ2 > (IRQ3, IRQ4) 1 = (IRQ3, IRQ4) > IRQ2 Subgroup B: 0 = IRQ3 > IRQ4 1 = IRQ4 > IRQ3 Group C: 0 = IRQ5 > (IRQ6, IRQ7) 1 = (IRQ6, IRQ7) > IRQ5 Subgroup C: 0 = IRQ6 > IRQ7 1 = IRQ7 > IRQ6 Figure 5-8. Interrupt Priority Register (IPR) 5-13 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT REQUEST REGISTER (IRQ) You can poll bit values in the interrupt request register, IRQ (set 1, DCH), to monitor interrupt request status for all levels in the microcontroller’s interrupt structure. Each bit corresponds to the interrupt level of the same number: bit 0 to IRQ0, bit 1 to IRQ1, and so on. A "0" indicates that no interrupt request is currently being issued for that level. A "1" indicates that an interrupt request has been generated for that level. IRQ bit values are read-only addressable using Register addressing mode. You can read (test) the contents of the IRQ register at any time using bit or byte addressing to determine the current interrupt request status of specific interrupt levels. After a reset, all IRQ status bits are cleared to “0”. You can poll IRQ register values even if a DI instruction has been executed (that is, if global interrupt processing is disabled). If an interrupt occurs while the interrupt structure is disabled, the CPU will not service it. You can, however, still detect the interrupt request by polling the IRQ register. In this way, you can determine which events occurred while the interrupt structure was globally disabled. Interrupt Request Register (IRQ) DCH, Set 1, Read-only MSB .7 IRQ7 .6 IRQ6 .5 IRQ5 .4 IRQ4 .3 IRQ3 .2 IRQ2 .1 IRQ1 .0 IRQ0 Interrupt level request pending bits: 0 = Interrupt level is not pending 1 = Interrupt level is pending Figure 5-9. Interrupt Request Register (IRQ) 5-14 LSB S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE INTERRUPT PENDING FUNCTION TYPES Overview There are two types of interrupt pending bits: one type that is automatically cleared by hardware after the interrupt service routine is acknowledged and executed; the other that must be cleared in the interrupt service routine. Pending Bits Cleared Automatically by Hardware For interrupt pending bits that are cleared automatically by hardware, interrupt logic sets the corresponding pending bit to "1" when a request occurs. It then issues an IRQ pulse to inform the CPU that an interrupt is waiting to be serviced. The CPU acknowledges the interrupt source by sending an IACK, executes the service routine, and clears the pending bit to "0". This type of pending bit is not mapped and cannot, therefore, be read or written by application software. In the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 interrupt structure, the timer A overflow interrupt (IRQ0) belongs to this category of interrupts in which pending condition is cleared automatically by hardware. Pending Bits Cleared by the Service Routine The second type of pending bit is the one that should be cleared by program software. The service routine must clear the appropriate pending bit before a return-from-interrupt subroutine (IRET) occurs. To do this, a "0" must be written to the corresponding pending bit location in the source’s mode or control register. 5-15 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT SOURCE POLLING SEQUENCE The interrupt request polling and servicing sequence is as follows: 1. A source generates an interrupt request by setting the interrupt request bit to "1". 2. The CPU polling procedure identifies a pending condition for that source. 3. The CPU checks the source's interrupt level. 4. The CPU generates an interrupt acknowledge signal. 5. Interrupt logic determines the interrupt's vector address. 6. The service routine starts and the source's pending bit is cleared to "0" (by hardware or by software). 7. The CPU continues polling for interrupt requests. INTERRUPT SERVICE ROUTINES Before an interrupt request is serviced, the following conditions must be met: — Interrupt processing must be globally enabled (EI, SYM.0 = "1") — The interrupt level must be enabled (IMR register) — The interrupt level must have the highest priority if more than one levels are currently requesting service — The interrupt must be enabled at the interrupt's source (peripheral control register) When all the above conditions are met, the interrupt request is acknowledged at the end of the instruction cycle. The CPU then initiates an interrupt machine cycle that completes the following processing sequence: 1. Reset (clear to "0") the interrupt enable bit in the SYM register (SYM.0) to disable all subsequent interrupts. 2. Save the program counter (PC) and status flags to the system stack. 3. Branch to the interrupt vector to fetch the address of the service routine. 4. Pass control to the interrupt service routine. When the interrupt service routine is completed, the CPU issues an Interrupt Return (IRET). The IRET restores the PC and status flags, setting SYM.0 to "1". It allows the CPU to process the next interrupt request. 5-16 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE GENERATING INTERRUPT VECTOR ADDRESSES The interrupt vector area in the ROM (00H–FFH) contains the addresses of interrupt service routines that correspond to each level in the interrupt structure. Vectored interrupt processing follows this sequence: 1. Push the program counter's low-byte value to the stack. 2. Push the program counter's high-byte value to the stack. 3. Push the FLAG register values to the stack. 4. Fetch the service routine's high-byte address from the vector location. 5. Fetch the service routine's low-byte address from the vector location. 6. Branch to the service routine specified by the concatenated 16-bit vector address. NOTE A 16-bit vector address always begins at an even-numbered ROM address within the range of 00H–FFH. NESTING OF VECTORED INTERRUPTS It is possible to nest a higher-priority interrupt request while a lower-priority request is being serviced. To do this, you must follow these steps: 1. Push the current 8-bit interrupt mask register (IMR) value to the stack (PUSH IMR). 2. Load the IMR register with a new mask value that enables only the higher priority interrupt. 3. Execute an EI instruction to enable interrupt processing (a higher priority interrupt will be processed if it occurs). 4. When the lower-priority interrupt service routine ends, restore the IMR to its original value by returning the previous mask value from the stack (POP IMR). 5. Execute an IRET. Depending on the application, you may be able to simplify the procedure above to some extent. INSTRUCTION POINTER (IP) The instruction pointer (IP) is adopted by all the S3C8-series microcontrollers to control the optional high-speed interrupt processing feature called fast interrupts. The IP consists of register pair DAH and DBH. The names of IP registers are IPH (high byte, IP15–IP8) and IPL (low byte, IP7–IP0). FAST INTERRUPT PROCESSING The feature called fast interrupt processing allows an interrupt within a given level to be completed in approximately 6 clock cycles rather than the usual 16 clock cycles. To select a specific interrupt level for fast interrupt processing, you write the appropriate 3-bit value to SYM.4–SYM.2. Then, to enable fast interrupt processing for the selected level, you set SYM.1 to “1”. 5-17 INTERRUPT STRUCTURE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 FAST INTERRUPT PROCESSING (Continued) Two other system registers support fast interrupt processing: — The instruction pointer (IP) contains the starting address of the service routine (and is later used to swap the program counter values), and — When a fast interrupt occurs, the contents of the FLAGS register is stored in an unmapped, dedicated register called FLAGS' (“FLAGS prime”). NOTE For the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller, the service routine for any one of the eight interrupt levels: IRQ0–IRQ7, can be selected for fast interrupt processing. Procedure for Initiating Fast Interrupts To initiate fast interrupt processing, follow these steps: 1. Load the start address of the service routine into the instruction pointer (IP). 2. Load the interrupt level number (IRQn) into the fast interrupt selection field (SYM.4–SYM.2) 3. Write a "1" to the fast interrupt enable bit in the SYM register. Fast Interrupt Service Routine When an interrupt occurs in the level selected for fast interrupt processing, the following events occur: 1. The contents of the instruction pointer and the PC are swapped. 2. The FLAG register values are written to the FLAGS' (“FLAGS prime”) register. 3. The fast interrupt status bit in the FLAGS register is set. 4. The interrupt is serviced. 5. Assuming that the fast interrupt status bit is set, when the fast interrupt service routine ends, the instruction pointer and PC values are swapped back. 6. The content of FLAGS' (“FLAGS prime”) is copied automatically back to the FLAGS register. 7. The fast interrupt status bit in FLAGS is cleared automatically. Relationship to Interrupt Pending Bit Types As described previously, there are two types of interrupt pending bits: One type that is automatically cleared by hardware after the interrupt service routine is acknowledged and executed; the other that must be cleared by the application program's interrupt service routine. You can select fast interrupt processing for interrupts with either type of pending condition clear function — by hardware or by software. Programming Guidelines Remember that the only way to enable/disable a fast interrupt is to set/clear the fast interrupt enable bit in the SYM register, SYM.1. Executing an EI or DI instruction globally enables or disables all interrupt processing, including fast interrupts. If you use fast interrupts, remember to load the IP with a new start address when the fast interrupt service routine ends. 5-18 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 6 INSTRUCTION SET INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW The SAM8 instruction set is specifically designed to support the large register files that are typical of most SAM8 microcontrollers. There are 78 instructions. The powerful data manipulation capabilities and features of the instruction set include: — A full complement of 8-bit arithmetic and logic operations, including multiply and divide — No special I/O instructions (I/O control/data registers are mapped directly into the register file) — Decimal adjustment included in binary-coded decimal (BCD) operations — 16-bit (word) data can be incremented and decremented — Flexible instructions for bit addressing, rotate, and shift operations DATA TYPES The SAM8 CPU performs operations on bits, bytes, BCD digits, and two-byte words. Bits in the register file can be set, cleared, complemented, and tested. Bits within a byte are numbered from 7 to 0, where bit 0 is the least significant (right-most) bit. REGISTER ADDRESSING To access an individual register, an 8-bit address in the range 0-255 or the 4-bit address of a working register is specified. Paired registers can be used to construct 16-bit data or 16-bit program memory or data memory addresses. For detailed information about register addressing, please refer to Section 2, "Address Spaces." ADDRESSING MODES There are seven explicit addressing modes: Register (R), Indirect Register (IR), Indexed (X), Direct (DA), Relative (RA), Immediate (IM), and Indirect (IA). For detailed descriptions of these addressing modes, please refer to Section 3, "Addressing Modes." 6-1 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 6-1. Instruction Group Summary Mnemonic Operands Instruction Load Instructions CLR dst Clear LD dst,src Load LDB dst,src Load bit LDE dst,src Load external data memory LDC dst,src Load program memory LDED dst,src Load external data memory and decrement LDCD dst,src Load program memory and decrement LDEI dst,src Load external data memory and increment LDCI dst,src Load program memory and increment LDEPD dst,src Load external data memory with pre-decrement LDCPD dst,src Load program memory with pre-decrement LDEPI dst,src Load external data memory with pre-increment LDCPI dst,src Load program memory with pre-increment LDW dst,src Load word POP dst Pop from stack POPUD dst,src Pop user stack (decrementing) POPUI dst,src Pop user stack (incrementing) PUSH src Push to stack PUSHUD dst,src Push user stack (decrementing) PUSHUI dst,src Push user stack (incrementing) 6-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET Table 6-1. Instruction Group Summary (Continued) Mnemonic Operands Instruction Arithmetic Instructions ADC dst,src Add with carry ADD dst,src Add CP dst,src Compare DA dst Decimal adjust DEC dst Decrement DECW dst Decrement word DIV dst,src Divide INC dst Increment INCW dst Increment word MULT dst,src Multiply SBC dst,src Subtract with carry SUB dst,src Subtract AND dst,src Logical AND COM dst Complement OR dst,src Logical OR XOR dst,src Logical exclusive OR Logic Instructions 6-3 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 6-1. Instruction Group Summary (Continued) Mnemonic Operands Instruction Program Control Instructions BTJRF dst,src Bit test and jump relative on false BTJRT dst,src Bit test and jump relative on true CALL dst Call procedure CPIJE dst,src Compare, increment and jump on equal CPIJNE dst,src Compare, increment and jump on non-equal DJNZ r,dst Decrement register and jump on non-zero ENTER Enter EXIT Exit IRET Interrupt return JP cc,dst Jump on condition code JP dst Jump unconditional JR cc,dst Jump relative on condition code NEXT Next RET Return WFI Wait for interrupt Bit Manipulation Instructions BAND dst,src Bit AND BCP dst,src Bit compare BITC dst Bit complement BITR dst Bit reset BITS dst Bit set BOR dst,src Bit OR BXOR dst,src Bit XOR TCM dst,src Test complement under mask TM dst,src Test under mask 6-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET Table 6-1. Instruction Group Summary (Concluded) Mnemonic Operands Instruction Rotate and Shift Instructions RL dst Rotate left RLC dst Rotate left through carry RR dst Rotate right RRC dst Rotate right through carry SRA dst Shift right arithmetic SWAP dst Swap nibbles CPU Control Instructions CCF Complement carry flag DI Disable interrupts EI Enable interrupts IDLE Enter Idle mode NOP No operation RCF Reset carry flag SB0 Set bank 0 SB1 Set bank 1 SCF Set carry flag SRP src Set register pointers SRP0 src Set register pointer 0 SRP1 src Set register pointer 1 STOP Enter Stop mode 6-5 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 FLAGS REGISTER (FLAGS) The flags register FLAGS contains eight bits that describe the current status of CPU operations. Four of these bits, FLAGS.7–FLAGS.4, can be tested and used with conditional jump instructions; two others FLAGS.3 and FLAGS.2 are used for BCD arithmetic. The FLAGS register also contains a bit to indicate the status of fast interrupt processing (FLAGS.1) and a bank address status bit (FLAGS.0) to indicate whether bank 0 or bank 1 is currently being addressed. FLAGS register can be set or reset by instructions as long as its outcome does not affect the flags, such as, Load instruction. Logical and Arithmetic instructions such as, AND, OR, XOR, ADD, and SUB can affect the Flags register. For example, the AND instruction updates the Zero, Sign and Overflow flags based on the outcome of the AND instruction. If the AND instruction uses the Flags register as the destination, then simultaneously, two write will occur to the Flags register producing an unpredictable result. System Flags Register (FLAGS) D5H, Set 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 Bank address status flag (BA) Carry flag (C) First interrupt status flag (FIS) Zero flag (Z) Sign flag (S) Overflow (V) Half-carry flag (H) Decimal adjust flag (D) Figure 6-1. System Flags Register (FLAGS) 6-6 LSB S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET FLAG DESCRIPTIONS C Carry Flag (FLAGS.7) The C flag is set to "1" if the result from an arithmetic operation generates a carry-out from or a borrow to the bit 7 position (MSB). After rotate and shift operations, it contains the last value shifted out of the specified register. Program instructions can set, clear, or complement the carry flag. Z Zero Flag (FLAGS.6) For arithmetic and logic operations, the Z flag is set to "1" if the result of the operation is zero. For operations that test register bits, and for shift and rotate operations, the Z flag is set to "1" if the result is logic zero. S Sign Flag (FLAGS.5) Following arithmetic, logic, rotate, or shift operations, the sign bit identifies the state of the MSB of the result. A logic zero indicates a positive number and a logic one indicates a negative number. V Overflow Flag (FLAGS.4) The V flag is set to "1" when the result of a two's-complement operation is greater than + 127 or less than – 128. It is also cleared to "0" following logic operations. D Decimal Adjust Flag (FLAGS.3) The DA bit is used to specify what type of instruction was executed last during BCD operations, so that a subsequent decimal adjust operation can execute correctly. The DA bit is not usually accessed by programmers, and cannot be used as a test condition. H Half-Carry Flag (FLAGS.2) The H bit is set to "1" whenever an addition generates a carry-out of bit 3, or when a subtraction borrows out of bit 4. It is used by the Decimal Adjust (DA) instruction to convert the binary result of a previous addition or subtraction into the correct decimal (BCD) result. The H flag is seldom accessed directly by a program. FIS Fast Interrupt Status Flag (FLAGS.1) The FIS bit is set during a fast interrupt cycle and reset during the IRET following interrupt servicing. When set, it inhibits all interrupts and causes the fast interrupt return to be executed when the IRET instruction is executed. BA Bank Address Flag (FLAGS.0) The BA flag indicates which register bank in the set 1 area of the internal register file is currently selected, bank 0 or bank 1. The BA flag is cleared to "0" (select bank 0) when you execute the SB0 instruction and is set to "1" (select bank 1) when you execute the SB1 instruction. 6-7 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET NOTATION Table 6-2. Flag Notation Conventions Flag C Description Carry flag Z Zero flag S Sign flag V Overflow flag D Decimal-adjust flag H Half-carry flag 0 Cleared to logic zero 1 Set to logic one * Set or cleared according to operation – Value is unaffected x Value is undefined Table 6-3. Instruction Set Symbols Symbol Destination operand src Source operand @ Indirect register address prefix PC Program counter IP Instruction pointer FLAGS RP Flags register (D5H) Register pointer # Immediate operand or register address prefix H Hexadecimal number suffix D Decimal number suffix B Binary number suffix opc 6-8 Description dst Opcode S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET Table 6-4. Instruction Notation Conventions Notation cc Description Actual Operand Range Condition code See list of condition codes in Table 6-6. r Working register only Rn (n = 0–15) rb Bit (b) of working register Rn.b (n = 0–15, b = 0–7) r0 Bit 0 (LSB) of working register Rn (n = 0–15) rr Working register pair RRp (p = 0, 2, 4, ..., 14) R Register or working register reg or Rn (reg = 0–255, n = 0–15) Rb Bit 'b' of register or working register reg.b (reg = 0–255, b = 0–7) RR Register pair or working register pair reg or RRp (reg = 0–254, even number only, where p = 0, 2, ..., 14) IA Indirect addressing mode addr (addr = 0–254, even number only) Ir Indirect working register only @Rn (n = 0–15) IR Indirect register or indirect working register @Rn or @reg (reg = 0–255, n = 0–15) Irr Indirect working register pair only @RRp (p = 0, 2, ..., 14) Indirect register pair or indirect working register pair @RRp or @reg (reg = 0–254, even only, where p = 0, 2, ..., 14) Indexed addressing mode #reg [Rn] (reg = 0–255, n = 0–15) XS Indexed (short offset) addressing mode #addr [RRp] (addr = range –128 to +127, where p = 0, 2, ..., 14) xl Indexed (long offset) addressing mode #addr [RRp] (addr = range 0–65535, where p = 0, 2, ..., 14) da Direct addressing mode addr (addr = range 0–65535) ra Relative addressing mode addr (addr = number in the range +127 to –128 that is an offset relative to the address of the next instruction) im Immediate addressing mode #data (data = 0–255) iml Immediate (long) addressing mode #data (data = range 0–65535) IRR X 6-9 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 6-5. Opcode Quick Reference OPCODE MAP LOWER NIBBLE (HEX) – 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 U 0 DEC R1 DEC IR1 ADD r1,r2 ADD r1,Ir2 ADD R2,R1 ADD IR2,R1 ADD R1,IM BOR r0–Rb P 1 RLC R1 RLC IR1 ADC r1,r2 ADC r1,Ir2 ADC R2,R1 ADC IR2,R1 ADC R1,IM BCP r1.b, R2 P 2 INC R1 INC IR1 SUB r1,r2 SUB r1,Ir2 SUB R2,R1 SUB IR2,R1 SUB R1,IM BXOR r0–Rb E 3 JP IRR1 SRP/0/1 IM SBC r1,r2 SBC r1,Ir2 SBC R2,R1 SBC IR2,R1 SBC R1,IM BTJR r2.b, RA R 4 DA R1 DA IR1 OR r1,r2 OR r1,Ir2 OR R2,R1 OR IR2,R1 OR R1,IM LDB r0–Rb 5 POP R1 POP IR1 AND r1,r2 AND r1,Ir2 AND R2,R1 AND IR2,R1 AND R1,IM BITC r1.b N 6 COM R1 COM IR1 TCM r1,r2 TCM r1,Ir2 TCM R2,R1 TCM IR2,R1 TCM R1,IM BAND r0–Rb I 7 PUSH R2 PUSH IR2 TM r1,r2 TM r1,Ir2 TM R2,R1 TM IR2,R1 TM R1,IM BIT r1.b B 8 DECW RR1 DECW IR1 PUSHUD IR1,R2 PUSHUI IR1,R2 MULT R2,RR1 MULT IR2,RR1 MULT IM,RR1 LD r1, x, r2 B 9 RL R1 RL IR1 POPUD IR2,R1 POPUI IR2,R1 DIV R2,RR1 DIV IR2,RR1 DIV IM,RR1 LD r2, x, r1 L A INCW RR1 INCW IR1 CP r1,r2 CP r1,Ir2 CP R2,R1 CP IR2,R1 CP R1,IM LDC r1, Irr2, xL E B CLR R1 CLR IR1 XOR r1,r2 XOR r1,Ir2 XOR R2,R1 XOR IR2,R1 XOR R1,IM LDC r2, Irr2, xL C RRC R1 RRC IR1 CPIJE Ir,r2,RA LDC r1,Irr2 LDW RR2,RR1 LDW IR2,RR1 LDW RR1,IML LD r1, Ir2 H D SRA R1 SRA IR1 CPIJNE Irr,r2,RA LDC r2,Irr1 CALL IA1 LD IR1,IM LD Ir1, r2 E E RR R1 RR IR1 LDCD r1,Irr2 LDCI r1,Irr2 LD R2,R1 LD R2,IR1 LD R1,IM LDC r1, Irr2, xs X F SWAP R1 SWAP IR1 LDCPD r2,Irr1 LDCPI r2,Irr1 CALL IRR1 LD IR2,R1 CALL DA1 LDC r2, Irr1, xs 6-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET Table 6-5. Opcode Quick Reference (Continued) OPCODE MAP LOWER NIBBLE (HEX) – 8 9 A B C D E F U 0 LD r1,R2 LD r2,R1 DJNZ r1,RA JR cc,RA LD r1,IM JP cc,DA INC r1 NEXT P 1 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ENTER P 2 EXIT E 3 WFI R 4 SB0 5 SB1 N 6 IDLE I 7 B 8 DI B 9 EI L A RET E B IRET C RCF H D E E X F ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ STOP SCF CCF LD r1,R2 LD r2,R1 DJNZ r1,RA JR cc,RA LD r1,IM JP cc,DA INC r1 NOP 6-11 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONDITION CODES The opcode of a conditional jump always contains a 4-bit field called the condition code (cc). This specifies under which conditions it is to execute the jump. For example, a conditional jump with the condition code for "equal" after a compare operation only jumps if the two operands are equal. Condition codes are listed in Table 6-6. The carry (C), zero (Z), sign (S), and overflow (V) flags are used to control the operation of conditional jump instructions. Table 6-6. Condition Codes Binary Mnemonic Description Flags Set 0000 F Always false – 1000 T Always true – 0111 (note) C Carry C=1 1111 (note) NC No carry C=0 0110 (note) Z Zero Z=1 NZ Not zero Z=0 1101 PL Plus S=0 0101 MI Minus S=1 0100 OV Overflow V=1 1110 (note) 1100 NOV No overflow V=0 0110 (note) EQ Equal Z=1 1110 (note) NE Not equal Z=0 1001 GE Greater than or equal (S XOR V) = 0 0001 LT Less than (S XOR V) = 1 1010 GT Greater than (Z OR (S XOR V)) = 0 0010 LE Less than or equal (Z OR (S XOR V)) = 1 1111 (note) UGE Unsigned greater than or equal C=0 0111 (note) ULT Unsigned less than C=1 1011 UGT Unsigned greater than (C = 0 AND Z = 0) = 1 0011 ULE Unsigned less than or equal (C OR Z) = 1 NOTES: 1. It indicates condition codes that are related to two different mnemonics but which test the same flag. For example, Z and EQ are both true if the zero flag (Z) is set, but after an ADD instruction, Z would probably be used; after a CP instruction, however, EQ would probably be used. 2. For operations involving unsigned numbers, the special condition codes UGE, ULT, UGT, and ULE must be used. 6-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTIONS This section contains detailed information and programming examples for each instruction in the SAM8 instruction set. Information is arranged in a consistent format for improved readability and for fast referencing. The following information is included in each instruction description: — Instruction name (mnemonic) — Full instruction name — Source/destination format of the instruction operand — Shorthand notation of the instruction's operation — Textual description of the instruction's effect — Specific flag settings affected by the instruction — Detailed description of the instruction's format, execution time, and addressing mode(s) — Programming example(s) explaining how to use the instruction 6-13 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADC — Add with carry ADC dst,src Operation: dst ← dst + src + c The source operand, along with the setting of the carry flag, is added to the destination operand and the sum is stored in the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. Two'scomplement addition is performed. In multiple precision arithmetic, this instruction permits the carry from the addition of low-order operands to be carried into the addition of high-order operands. Flags: Set if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the result; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurs, that is, if both operands are of the same sign and the result is of the opposite sign; cleared otherwise. D: Always cleared to "0". H: Set if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the low-order four bits of the result; cleared otherwise. C: Z: S: V: Format: opc dst | src opc src opc Examples: dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 12 r r 6 13 r lr 6 14 R R 6 15 R IR 6 16 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R1 = 10H, R2 = 03H, C flag = "1", register 01H = 20H, register 02H = 03H, and register 03H = 0AH: ADC R1,R2 → R1 = 14H, R2 = 03H ADC R1,@R2 → R1 = 1BH, R2 = 03H ADC 01H,02H → Register 01H = 24H, register 02H = 03H ADC 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 2BH, register 02H = 03H ADC 01H,#11H → Register 01H = 32H In the first example, destination register R1 contains the value 10H, the carry flag is set to "1", and the source working register R2 contains the value 03H. The statement "ADC R1,R2" adds 03H and the carry flag value ("1") to the destination value 10H, leaving 14H in register R1. 6-14 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ADD INSTRUCTION SET — Add ADD dst,src Operation: dst ← dst + src The source operand is added to the destination operand and the sum is stored in the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. Two's-complement addition is performed. Flags: Set if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the result; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred, that is, if both operands are of the same sign and the result is of the opposite sign; cleared otherwise. D: Always cleared to "0". H: Set if a carry from the low-order nibble occurred. C: Z: S: V: Format: opc dst | src opc src opc Examples: dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 02 r r 6 03 r lr 6 04 R R 6 05 R IR 6 06 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R1 = 12H, R2 = 03H, register 01H = 21H, register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0AH: ADD R1,R2 → R1 = 15H, R2 = 03H ADD R1,@R2 → R1 = 1CH, R2 = 03H ADD 01H,02H → Register 01H = 24H, register 02H = 03H ADD 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 2BH, register 02H = 03H ADD 01H,#25H → Register 01H = 46H In the first example, destination working register R1 contains 12H and the source working register R2 contains 03H. The statement "ADD R1,R2" adds 03H to 12H, leaving the value 15H in register R1. 6-15 INSTRUCTION SET AND S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 — Logical AND AND dst,src Operation: dst ← dst AND src The source operand is logically ANDed with the destination operand. The result is stored in the destination. The AND operation results in a "1" bit being stored whenever the corresponding bits in the two operands are both logic ones; otherwise a "0" bit value is stored. The contents of the source are unaffected. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Always cleared to "0". Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc dst | src opc src opc Examples: dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 52 r r 6 53 r lr 6 54 R R 6 55 R IR 6 56 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R1 = 12H, R2 = 03H, register 01H = 21H, register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0AH: AND R1,R2 → R1 = 02H, R2 = 03H AND R1,@R2 → R1 = 02H, R2 = 03H AND 01H,02H → Register 01H = 01H, register 02H = 03H AND 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 00H, register 02H = 03H AND 01H,#25H → Register 01H = 21H In the first example, destination working register R1 contains the value 12H and the source working register R2 contains 03H. The statement "AND R1,R2" logically ANDs the source operand 03H with the destination operand value 12H, leaving the value 02H in register R1. 6-16 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BAND INSTRUCTION SET — Bit AND BAND dst,src.b BAND dst.b,src Operation: dst(0) ← dst(0) AND src(b) or dst(b) ← dst(b) AND src(0) The specified bit of the source (or the destination) is logically ANDed with the zero bit (LSB) of the destination (or source). The resultant bit is stored in the specified bit of the destination. No other bits of the destination are affected. The source is unaffected. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Cleared to "0". Undefined. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode src dst opc dst | b | 0 src 3 6 67 r0 Rb opc src | b | 1 dst 3 6 67 Rb r0 NOTE: In the second byte of the 3-byte instruction formats, the destination (or source) address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Examples: Given: R1 = 07H and register 01H = 05H: BAND R1,01H.1 → R1 = 06H, register 01H = 05H BAND 01H.1,R1 → Register 01H = 05H, R1 = 07H In the first example, source register 01H contains the value 05H (00000101B) and destination working register R1 contains 07H (00000111B). The statement "BAND R1,01H.1" ANDs the bit 1 value of the source register ("0") with the bit 0 value of register R1 (destination), leaving the value 06H (00000110B) in register R1. 6-17 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BCP — Bit Compare BCP dst,src.b Operation: dst(0) – src(b) The specified bit of the source is compared to (subtracted from) bit zero (LSB) of the destination. The zero flag is set if the bits are the same; otherwise it is cleared. The contents of both operands are unaffected by the comparison. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the two bits are the same; cleared otherwise. Cleared to "0". Undefined. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc dst | b | 0 Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 6 17 src Addr Mode src dst r0 Rb NOTE: In the second byte of the instruction format, the destination address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Example: Given: R1 = 07H and register 01H = 01H: BCP R1,01H.1 → R1 = 07H, register 01H = 01H If destination working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B) and the source register 01H contains the value 01H (00000001B), the statement "BCP R1,01H.1" compares bit one of the source register (01H) and bit zero of the destination register (R1). Because the bit values are not identical, the zero flag bit (Z) is cleared in the FLAGS register (0D5H). 6-18 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BITC INSTRUCTION SET — Bit Complement BITC dst.b Operation: dst(b) ← NOT dst(b) This instruction complements the specified bit within the destination without affecting any other bits in the destination. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Cleared to "0". Undefined. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc dst | b | 0 Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 57 rb NOTE: In the second byte of the instruction format, the destination address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Example: Given: R1 = 07H BITC R1.1 → R1 = 05H If working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BITC R1.1" complements bit one of the destination and leaves the value 05H (00000101B) in register R1. Because the result of the complement is not "0", the zero flag (Z) in the FLAGS register (0D5H) is cleared. 6-19 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BITR — Bit Reset BITR dst.b Operation: dst(b) ← 0 The BITR instruction clears the specified bit within the destination without affecting any other bits in the destination. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc dst | b | 0 Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 77 rb NOTE: In the second byte of the instruction format, the destination address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Example: Given: R1 = 07H: BITR R1.1 → R1 = 05H If the value of working register R1 is 07H (00000111B), the statement "BITR R1.1" clears bit one of the destination register R1, leaving the value 05H (00000101B). 6-20 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET BITS — Bit Set BITS dst.b Operation: dst(b) ← 1 The BITS instruction sets the specified bit within the destination without affecting any other bits in the destination. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc dst | b | 1 Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 77 rb NOTE: In the second byte of the instruction format, the destination address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Example: Given: R1 = 07H: BITS R1.3 → R1 = 0FH If working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BITS R1.3" sets bit three of the destination register R1 to "1", leaving the value 0FH (00001111B). 6-21 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BOR — Bit OR BOR dst,src.b BOR dst.b,src Operation: dst(0) ← dst(0) OR src(b) or dst(b) ← dst(b) OR src(0) The specified bit of the source (or the destination) is logically ORed with bit zero (LSB) of the destination (or the source). The resulting bit value is stored in the specified bit of the destination. No other bits of the destination are affected. The source is unaffected. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Cleared to "0". Undefined. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode src dst opc dst | b | 0 src 3 6 07 r0 Rb opc src | b | 1 dst 3 6 07 Rb r0 NOTE: In the second byte of the 3-byte instruction formats, the destination (or source) address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit. Examples: Given: R1 = 07H and register 01H = 03H: BOR R1, 01H.1 → R1 = 07H, register 01H = 03H BOR 01H.2, R1 → Register 01H = 07H, R1 = 07H In the first example, destination working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B) and source register 01H the value 03H (00000011B). The statement "BOR R1,01H.1" logically ORs bit one of register 01H (source) with bit zero of R1 (destination). This leaves the same value (07H) in working register R1. In the second example, destination register 01H contains the value 03H (00000011B) and the source working register R1 the value 07H (00000111B). The statement "BOR 01H.2,R1" logically ORs bit two of register 01H (destination) with bit zero of R1 (source). This leaves the value 07H in register 01H. 6-22 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BTJRF INSTRUCTION SET — Bit Test, Jump Relative on False BTJRF dst,src.b Operation: If src(b) is a "0", then PC ← PC + dst The specified bit within the source operand is tested. If it is a "0", the relative address is added to the program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the PC; otherwise, the instruction following the BTJRF instruction is executed. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 10 37 (Note 1) opc src | b | 0 dst Addr Mode src dst RA rb NOTE: In the second byte of the instruction format, the source address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Example: Given: R1 = 07H: BTJRF SKIP,R1.3 → PC jumps to SKIP location If working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BTJRF SKIP,R1.3" tests bit 3. Because it is "0", the relative address is added to the PC and the PC jumps to the memory location pointed to by the SKIP. (Remember that the memory location must be within the allowed range of + 127 to – 128.) 6-23 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BTJRT — Bit Test, Jump Relative on True BTJRT dst,src.b Operation: If src(b) is a "1", then PC ← PC + dst The specified bit within the source operand is tested. If it is a "1", the relative address is added to the program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the PC; otherwise, the instruction following the BTJRT instruction is executed. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 10 37 (Note 1) opc src | b | 1 dst Addr Mode dst src RA rb NOTE: In the second byte of the instruction format, the source address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Example: Given: R1 = 07H: BTJRT SKIP,R1.1 If working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BTJRT SKIP,R1.1" tests bit one in the source register (R1). Because it is a "1", the relative address is added to the PC and the PC jumps to the memory location pointed to by the SKIP. (Remember that the memory location must be within the allowed range of + 127 to – 128.) 6-24 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET BXOR — Bit XOR BXOR dst,src.b BXOR dst.b,src Operation: dst(0) ← dst(0) XOR src(b) or dst(b) ← dst(b) XOR src(0) The specified bit of the source (or the destination) is logically exclusive-ORed with bit zero (LSB) of the destination (or source). The result bit is stored in the specified bit of the destination. No other bits of the destination are affected. The source is unaffected. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Cleared to "0". Undefined. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode src dst opc dst | b | 0 src 3 6 27 r0 Rb opc src | b | 1 dst 3 6 27 Rb r0 NOTE: In the second byte of the 3-byte instruction formats, the destination (or source) address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Examples: Given: R1 = 07H (00000111B) and register 01H = 03H (00000011B): BXOR R1,01H.1 → R1 = 06H, register 01H = 03H BXOR 01H.2,R1 → Register 01H = 07H, R1 = 07H In the first example, destination working register R1 has the value 07H (00000111B) and source register 01H has the value 03H (00000011B). The statement "BXOR R1,01H.1" exclusive-ORs bit one of register 01H (source) with bit zero of R1 (destination). The result bit value is stored in bit zero of R1, changing its value from 07H to 06H. The value of source register 01H is unaffected. 6-25 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CALL — Call Procedure CALL dst Operation: SP @SP SP @SP PC ← ← ← ← ← SP – 1 PCL SP –1 PCH dst The current contents of the program counter are pushed onto the top of the stack. The program counter value used is the address of the first instruction following the CALL instruction. The specified destination address is then loaded into the program counter and points to the first instruction of a procedure. At the end of the procedure the return instruction (RET) can be used to return to the original program flow. RET pops the top of the stack back into the program counter. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 3 14 F6 DA opc dst 2 12 F4 IRR opc dst 2 14 D4 IA Given: R0 = 35H, R1 = 21H, PC = 1A47H, and SP = 0002H: CALL 3521H → SP = 0000H (Memory locations 0000H = 1AH, 0001H = 4AH, where 4AH is the address that follows the instruction.) CALL @RR0 → CALL #40H → SP = 0000H (0000H = 1AH, 0001H = 49H) SP = 0000H (0000H = 1AH, 0001H = 49H) In the first example, if the program counter value is 1A47H and the stack pointer contains the value 0002H, the statement "CALL 3521H" pushes the current PC value onto the top of the stack. The stack pointer now points to memory location 0000H. The PC is then loaded with the value 3521H, the address of the first instruction in the program sequence to be executed. If the contents of the program counter and stack pointer are the same as in the first example, the statement "CALL @RR0" produces the same result except that the 49H is stored in stack location 0001H (because the two-byte instruction format was used). The PC is then loaded with the value 3521H, the address of the first instruction in the program sequence to be executed. Assuming that the contents of the program counter and stack pointer are the same as in the first example, if program address 0040H contains 35H and program address 0041H contains 21H, the statement "CALL #40H" produces the same result as in the second example. 6-26 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET CCF — Complement Carry Flag CCF Operation: C ← NOT C The carry flag (C) is complemented. If C = "1", the value of the carry flag is changed to logic zero; if C = "0", the value of the carry flag is changed to logic one. Flags: C: Complemented. No other flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 EF Given: The carry flag = "0": CCF If the carry flag = "0", the CCF instruction complements it in the FLAGS register (0D5H), changing its value from logic zero to logic one. 6-27 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CLR — Clear CLR dst Operation: dst ← "0" The destination location is cleared to "0". Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 B0 R 4 B1 IR Given: Register 00H = 4FH, register 01H = 02H, and register 02H = 5EH: → CLR 00H CLR @01H → Register 00H = 00H Register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 00H In Register (R) addressing mode, the statement "CLR 00H" clears the destination register 00H value to 00H. In the second example, the statement "CLR @01H" uses Indirect Register (IR) addressing mode to clear the 02H register value to 00H. 6-28 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET COM — Complement COM dst Operation: dst ← NOT dst The contents of the destination location are complemented (one's complement); all "1s" are changed to "0s", and vice-versa. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Always reset to "0". Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 60 R 4 61 IR dst Given: R1 = 07H and register 07H = 0F1H: COM R1 → R1 = 0F8H COM @R1 → R1 = 07H, register 07H = 0EH In the first example, destination working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B). The statement "COM R1" complements all the bits in R1: all logic ones are changed to logic zeros, and vice-versa, leaving the value 0F8H (11111000B). In the second example, Indirect Register (IR) addressing mode is used to complement the value of destination register 07H (11110001B), leaving the new value 0EH (00001110B). 6-29 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CP — Compare CP dst,src Operation: dst – src The source operand is compared to (subtracted from) the destination operand, and the appropriate flags are set accordingly. The contents of both operands are unaffected by the comparison. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Set if a "borrow" occurred (src > dst); cleared otherwise. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred; cleared otherwise. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc dst | src opc src opc Examples: dst dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 A2 r r 6 A3 r lr 6 A4 R R 6 A5 R IR 6 A6 R IM 3 src 3 Addr Mode src dst 1. Given: R1 = 02H and R2 = 03H: CP R1,R2 → Set the C and S flags Destination working register R1 contains the value 02H and source register R2 contains the value 03H. The statement "CP R1,R2" subtracts the R2 value (source/subtrahend) from the R1 value (destination/minuend). Because a "borrow" occurs and the difference is negative, C and S are "1". 2. Given: R1 = 05H and R2 = 0AH: SKIP CP JP INC LD R1,R2 UGE,SKIP R1 R3,R1 In this example, destination working register R1 contains the value 05H which is less than the contents of the source working register R2 (0AH). The statement "CP R1,R2" generates C = "1" and the JP instruction does not jump to the SKIP location. After the statement "LD R3,R1" executes, the value 06H remains in working register R3. 6-30 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET CPIJE — Compare, Increment, and Jump on Equal CPIJE dst,src,RA Operation: If dst – src = "0", PC ← PC + RA Ir ← Ir + 1 The source operand is compared to (subtracted from) the destination operand. If the result is "0", the relative address is added to the program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the program counter. Otherwise, the instruction immediately following the CPIJE instruction is executed. In either case, the source pointer is incremented by one before the next instruction is executed. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc src dst RA Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 12 C2 Addr Mode dst src r Ir NOTE: Execution time is 18 cycles if the jump is taken or 16 cycles if it is not taken. Example: Given: R1 = 02H, R2 = 03H, and register 03H = 02H: CPIJE R1,@R2,SKIP → R2 = 04H, PC jumps to SKIP location In this example, working register R1 contains the value 02H, working register R2 the value 03H, and register 03 contains 02H. The statement "CPIJE R1,@R2,SKIP" compares the @R2 value 02H (00000010B) to 02H (00000010B). Because the result of the comparison is equal, the relative address is added to the PC and the PC then jumps to the memory location pointed to by SKIP. The source register (R2) is incremented by one, leaving a value of 04H. (Remember that the memory location must be within the allowed range of + 127 to – 128.) 6-31 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CPIJNE — Compare, Increment, and Jump on Non-Equal CPIJNE dst,src,RA Operation: If dst – src "0", PC ← PC + RA Ir ← Ir + 1 The source operand is compared to (subtracted from) the destination operand. If the result is not "0", the relative address is added to the program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the program counter; otherwise the instruction following the CPIJNE instruction is executed. In either case the source pointer is incremented by one before the next instruction. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc src dst RA Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 12 D2 Addr Mode dst src r Ir NOTE: Execution time is 18 cycles if the jump is taken or 16 cycles if it is not taken. Example: Given: R1 = 02H, R2 = 03H, and register 03H = 04H: CPIJNE R1,@R2,SKIP → R2 = 04H, PC jumps to SKIP location Working register R1 contains the value 02H, working register R2 (the source pointer) the value 03H, and general register 03 the value 04H. The statement "CPIJNE R1,@R2,SKIP" subtracts 04H (00000100B) from 02H (00000010B). Because the result of the comparison is non-equal, the relative address is added to the PC and the PC then jumps to the memory location pointed to by SKIP. The source pointer register (R2) is also incremented by one, leaving a value of 04H. (Remember that the memory location must be within the allowed range of + 127 to – 128.) 6-32 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET DA — Decimal Adjust DA dst Operation: dst ← DA dst The destination operand is adjusted to form two 4-bit BCD digits following an addition or subtraction operation. For addition (ADD, ADC) or subtraction (SUB, SBC), the following table indicates the operation performed. (The operation is undefined if the destination operand was not the result of a valid addition or subtraction of BCD digits): Instruction Carry Before DA Bits 4–7 Value (Hex) H Flag Before DA Bits 0–3 Value (Hex) Number Added to Byte Carry After DA 0 0–9 0 0–9 00 0 0 0–8 0 A–F 06 0 0 0–9 1 0–3 06 0 ADD 0 A–F 0 0–9 60 1 ADC 0 9–F 0 A–F 66 1 0 A–F 1 0–3 66 1 1 0–2 0 0–9 60 1 1 0–2 0 A–F 66 1 1 0–3 1 0–3 66 1 0 0–9 0 0–9 00 = – 00 0 SUB 0 0–8 1 6–F FA = – 06 0 SBC 1 7–F 0 0–9 A0 = – 60 1 1 6–F 1 6–F 9A = – 66 1 Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Set if there was a carry from the most significant bit; cleared otherwise (see table). Set if result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Undefined. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 40 R 4 41 IR 6-33 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 DA — Decimal Adjust DA (Continued) Example: Given: Working register R0 contains the value 15 (BCD), working register R1 contains 27 (BCD), and address 27H contains 46 (BCD): ADD DA R1,R0 R1 ; ; C ← "0", H ← "0", Bits 4–7 = 3, bits 0–3 = C, R1 ← 3CH R1 ← 3CH + 06 If addition is performed using the BCD values 15 and 27, the result should be 42. The sum is incorrect, however, when the binary representations are added in the destination location using standard binary arithmetic: 0001 + 0010 0011 0101 0111 15 27 1100= 3CH The DA instruction adjusts this result so that the correct BCD representation is obtained: 0011 + 0000 1100 0110 0100 0010= 42 Assuming the same values given above, the statements SUB 27H,R0 ; C ← "0", H ← "0", Bits 4–7 = 3, bits 0–3 = 1 DA @R1 @R1 ← 31–0 ; leave the value 31 (BCD) in address 27H (@R1). 6-34 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET DEC — Decrement DEC dst Operation: dst ← dst – 1 The contents of the destination operand are decremented by one. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred; cleared otherwise. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 00 R 4 01 IR dst Given: R1 = 03H and register 03H = 10H: DEC R1 → R1 = 02H DEC @R1 → Register 03H = 0FH In the first example, if working register R1 contains the value 03H, the statement "DEC R1" decrements the hexadecimal value by one, leaving the value 02H. In the second example, the statement "DEC @R1" decrements the value 10H contained in the destination register 03H by one, leaving the value 0FH. 6-35 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 DECW — Decrement Word DECW dst Operation: dst ← dst – 1 The contents of the destination location (which must be an even address) and the operand following that location are treated as a single 16-bit value that is decremented by one. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred; cleared otherwise. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 8 80 RR 8 81 IR dst Given: R0 = 12H, R1 = 34H, R2 = 30H, register 30H = 0FH, and register 31H = 21H: DECW RR0 → R0 = 12H, R1 = 33H DECW @R2 → Register 30H = 0FH, register 31H = 20H In the first example, destination register R0 contains the value 12H and register R1 the value 34H. The statement "DECW RR0" addresses R0 and the following operand R1 as a 16-bit word and decrements the value of R1 by one, leaving the value 33H. NOTE: A system malfunction may occur if you use a Zero flag (FLAGS.6) result together with a DECW instruction. To avoid this problem, we recommend that you use DECW as shown in the following example: LOOP: DECW RR0 6-36 LD R2,R1 OR R2,R0 JR NZ,LOOP S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET DI — Disable Interrupts DI Operation: SYM (0) ← 0 Bit zero of the system mode control register, SYM.0, is cleared to "0", globally disabling all interrupt processing. Interrupt requests will continue to set their respective interrupt pending bits, but the CPU will not service them while interrupt processing is disabled. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 8F Given: SYM = 01H: DI If the value of the SYM register is 01H, the statement "DI" leaves the new value 00H in the register and clears SYM.0 to "0", disabling interrupt processing. Before changing IMR, interrupt pending and interrupt source control register, be sure DI state. 6-37 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 DIV — Divide (Unsigned) DIV dst,src Operation: dst ÷ src dst (UPPER) ← REMAINDER dst (LOWER) ← QUOTIENT The destination operand (16 bits) is divided by the source operand (8 bits). The quotient (8 bits) is stored in the lower half of the destination. The remainder (8 bits) is stored in the upper half of the destination. When the quotient is ≥ 28, the numbers stored in the upper and lower halves of the destination for quotient and remainder are incorrect. Both operands are treated as unsigned integers. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Set if the V flag is set and quotient is between 28 and 29 –1; cleared otherwise. Set if divisor or quotient = "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if MSB of quotient = "1"; cleared otherwise. Set if quotient is ≥ 28 or if divisor = "0"; cleared otherwise. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: Bytes opc src dst Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 Addr Mode dst src 26/10 94 RR R 26/10 95 RR IR 26/10 96 RR IM NOTE: Execution takes 10 cycles if the divide-by-zero is attempted; otherwise it takes 26 cycles. Examples: Given: R0 = 10H, R1 = 03H, R2 = 40H, register 40H = 80H: DIV RR0,R2 → R0 = 03H, R1 = 40H DIV RR0,@R2 → R0 = 03H, R1 = 20H DIV RR0,#20H → R0 = 03H, R1 = 80H In the first example, destination working register pair RR0 contains the values 10H (R0) and 03H (R1), and register R2 contains the value 40H. The statement "DIV RR0,R2" divides the 16-bit RR0 value by the 8-bit value of the R2 (source) register. After the DIV instruction, R0 contains the value 03H and R1 contains 40H. The 8-bit remainder is stored in the upper half of the destination register RR0 (R0) and the quotient in the lower half (R1). 6-38 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET DJNZ — Decrement and Jump if Non-Zero DJNZ r,dst Operation: r ← r – 1 If r ≠ 0, PC ← PC + dst The working register being used as a counter is decremented. If the contents of the register are not logic zero after decrementing, the relative address is added to the program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the PC. The range of the relative address is +127 to –128, and the original value of the PC is taken to be the address of the instruction byte following the DJNZ statement. NOTE: In case of using DJNZ instruction, the working register being used as a counter should be set at the one of location 0C0H to 0CFH with SRP, SRP0, or SRP1 instruction. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: r | opc Example: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 8 (jump taken) rA RA 8 (no jump) r = 0 to F Given: R1 = 02H and LOOP is the label of a relative address: SRP #0C0H DJNZ R1,LOOP DJNZ is typically used to control a "loop" of instructions. In many cases, a label is used as the destination operand instead of a numeric relative address value. In the example, working register R1 contains the value 02H, and LOOP is the label for a relative address. The statement "DJNZ R1, LOOP" decrements register R1 by one, leaving the value 01H. Because the contents of R1 after the decrement are non-zero, the jump is taken to the relative address specified by the LOOP label. 6-39 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 EI — Enable Interrupts EI Operation: SYM (0) ← 1 An EI instruction sets bit zero of the system mode register, SYM.0 to "1". This allows interrupts to be serviced as they occur (assuming they have highest priority). If an interrupt's pending bit was set while interrupt processing was disabled (by executing a DI instruction), it will be serviced when you execute the EI instruction. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 9F Given: SYM = 00H: EI If the SYM register contains the value 00H, that is, if interrupts are currently disabled, the statement "EI" sets the SYM register to 01H, enabling all interrupts. (SYM.0 is the enable bit for global interrupt processing.) 6-40 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET ENTER — Enter ENTER Operation: SP @SP IP PC IP ← ← ← ← ← SP – 2 IP PC @IP IP + 2 This instruction is useful when implementing threaded-code languages. The contents of the instruction pointer are pushed to the stack. The program counter (PC) value is then written to the instruction pointer. The program memory word that is pointed to by the instruction pointer is loaded into the PC, and the instruction pointer is incremented by two. No flags are affected. Flags: Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 14 1F opc Example: The diagram below shows one example of how to use an ENTER statement. Before Address After Data IP 0050 PC 0040 SP 0022 Address Address 22 Data Stack 40 41 42 43 Data IP 0043 PC 0110 SP 0020 20 21 22 IPH IPL Data Data Enter Address H Address L Address H Memory 1F 01 10 Address 40 41 42 43 00 50 110 Data Enter Address H Address L Address H 1F 01 10 Routine Memory Stack 6-41 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 EXIT — Exit EXIT Operation: ← ← ← ← IP SP PC IP @SP SP + 2 @IP IP + 2 This instruction is useful when implementing threaded-code languages. The stack value is popped and loaded into the instruction pointer. The program memory word that is pointed to by the instruction pointer is then loaded into the program counter, and the instruction pointer is incremented by two. No flags are affected. Flags: Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 14 (internal stack) 2F opc 16 (internal stack) Example: The diagram below shows one example of how to use an EXIT statement. Before Address IP After Data Address 0050 IP Address PC SP 0022 20 21 22 IPH IPL Data 140 Stack 6-42 Address PC 00 50 0052 Data 0040 50 51 Data PCL old PCH Exit Memory Data 0060 60 00 60 SP 0022 22 Data Main 2F Stack Memory S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET IDLE — Idle Operation IDLE Operation: The IDLE instruction stops the CPU clock while allowing system clock oscillation to continue. Idle mode can be released by an interrupt request (IRQ) or an external reset operation. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 6F Addr Mode src dst – – The instruction IDLE stops the CPU clock but not the system clock. 6-43 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INC — Increment INC dst Operation: dst ← dst + 1 The contents of the destination operand are incremented by one. Flags: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred; cleared otherwise. Unaffected. Unaffected. C: Z: S: V: D: H: Format: dst | opc Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 1 4 rE r r = 0 to F opc Examples: dst 2 4 20 R 4 21 IR Given: R0 = 1BH, register 00H = 0CH, and register 1BH = 0FH: INC R0 → R0 = 1CH INC 00H → Register 00H = 0DH INC @R0 → R0 = 1BH, register 01H = 10H In the first example, if destination working register R0 contains the value 1BH, the statement "INC R0" leaves the value 1CH in that same register. The next example shows the effect an INC instruction has on register 00H, assuming that it contains the value 0CH. In the third example, INC is used in Indirect Register (IR) addressing mode to increment the value of register 1BH from 0FH to 10H. 6-44 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET INCW — Increment Word INCW dst Operation: dst ← dst + 1 The contents of the destination (which must be an even address) and the byte following that location are treated as a single 16-bit value that is incremented by one. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred; cleared otherwise. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 8 A0 RR 8 A1 IR dst Given: R0 = 1AH, R1 = 02H, register 02H = 0FH, and register 03H = 0FFH: INCW RR0 → R0 = 1AH, R1 = 03H INCW @R1 → Register 02H = 10H, register 03H = 00H In the first example, the working register pair RR0 contains the value 1AH in register R0 and 02H in register R1. The statement "INCW RR0" increments the 16-bit destination by one, leaving the value 03H in register R1. In the second example, the statement "INCW @R1" uses Indirect Register (IR) addressing mode to increment the contents of general register 03H from 0FFH to 00H and register 02H from 0FH to 10H. NOTE: A system malfunction may occur if you use a Zero (Z) flag (FLAGS.6) result together with an INCW instruction. To avoid this problem, we recommend that you use INCW as shown in the following example: LOOP: INCW LD OR JR RR0 R2,R1 R2,R0 NZ,LOOP 6-45 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 IRET — Interrupt Return IRET IRET (Normal) Operation: FLAGS SP ← PC ← SP ← SYM(0) ← @SP SP + 1 @SP SP + 2 ← 1 IRET (Fast) PC ↔ IP FLAGS ← FLAGS' FIS ← 0 This instruction is used at the end of an interrupt service routine. It restores the flag register and the program counter. It also re-enables global interrupts. A "normal IRET" is executed only if the fast interrupt status bit (FIS, bit one of the FLAGS register, 0D5H) is cleared (= "0"). If a fast interrupt occurred, IRET clears the FIS bit that was set at the beginning of the service routine. Flags: All flags are restored to their original settings (that is, the settings before the interrupt occurred). Format: IRET (Normal) Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) opc 1 10 (internal stack) BF 12 (internal stack) Example: IRET (Fast) Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) opc 1 6 BF In the figure below, the instruction pointer is initially loaded with 100H in the main program before interrupts are enabled. When an interrupt occurs, the program counter and instruction pointer are swapped. This causes the PC to jump to address 100H and the IP to keep the return address. The last instruction in the service routine normally is a jump to IRET at address FFH. This causes the instruction pointer to be loaded with 100H "again" and the program counter to jump back to the main program. Now, the next interrupt can occur and the IP is still correct at 100H. 0H FFH 100H IRET Interrupt Service Routine JP to FFH FFFFH NOTE: 6-46 In the fast interrupt example above, if the last instruction is not a jump to IRET, you must pay attention to the order of the last two instructions. The IRET cannot be immediately proceeded by a clearing of the interrupt status (as with a reset of the IPR register). S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET JP — Jump JP cc,dst (Conditional) JP dst (Unconditional) Operation: If cc is true, PC ← dst The conditional JUMP instruction transfers program control to the destination address if the condition specified by the condition code (cc) is true; otherwise, the instruction following the JP instruction is executed. The unconditional JP simply replaces the contents of the PC with the contents of the specified register pair. Control then passes to the statement addressed by the PC. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: (1) Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 3 8 ccD DA (2) cc | opc dst cc = 0 to F opc dst 2 8 30 IRR NOTES: 1. The 3-byte format is used for a conditional jump and the 2-byte format for an unconditional jump. 2. In the first byte of the three-byte instruction format (conditional jump), the condition code and the opcode are both four bits. Examples: Given: The carry flag (C) = "1", register 00 = 01H, and register 01 = 20H: JP C,LABEL_W JP @00H → LABEL_W = 1000H, PC = 1000H → PC = 0120H The first example shows a conditional JP. Assuming that the carry flag is set to "1", the statement "JP C,LABEL_W" replaces the contents of the PC with the value 1000H and transfers control to that location. Had the carry flag not been set, control would then have passed to the statement immediately following the JP instruction. The second example shows an unconditional JP. The statement "JP @00" replaces the contents of the PC with the contents of the register pair 00H and 01H, leaving the value 0120H. 6-47 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 JR — Jump Relative JR cc,dst Operation: If cc is true, PC ← PC + dst If the condition specified by the condition code (cc) is true, the relative address is added to the program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the program counter; otherwise, the instruction following the JR instruction is executed. (See list of condition codes). The range of the relative address is +127, –128, and the original value of the program counter is taken to be the address of the first instruction byte following the JR statement. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 6 ccB RA (1) cc | opc dst cc = 0 to F NOTE: In the first byte of the two-byte instruction format, the condition code and the opcode are each four bits. Example: Given: The carry flag = "1" and LABEL_X = 1FF7H: JR C,LABEL_X → PC = 1FF7H If the carry flag is set (that is, if the condition code is true), the statement "JR C,LABEL_X" will pass control to the statement whose address is now in the PC. Otherwise, the program instruction following the JR would be executed. 6-48 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET LD — Load LD dst,src Operation: dst ← src The contents of the source are loaded into the destination. The source's contents are unaffected. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: dst | opc src | opc src dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 rC r IM 4 r8 r R 4 r9 R r 2 Addr Mode src dst r = 0 to F opc opc opc dst | src src dst 2 dst src 3 3 4 C7 r lr 4 D7 Ir r 6 E4 R R 6 E5 R IR 6 E6 R IM 6 D6 IR IM opc src dst 3 6 F5 IR R opc dst | src x 3 6 87 r x [r] opc src | dst x 3 6 97 x [r] r 6-49 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LD — Load LD (Continued) Examples: Given: R0 = 01H, R1 = 0AH, register 00H = 01H, register 01H = 20H, register 02H = 02H, LOOP = 30H, and register 3AH = 0FFH: 6-50 LD R0,#10H → R0 = 10H LD R0,01H → R0 = 20H, register 01H = 20H LD 01H,R0 → Register 01H = 01H, R0 = 01H LD R1,@R0 → R1 = 20H, R0 = 01H LD @R0,R1 → R0 = 01H, R1 = 0AH, register 01H = 0AH LD 00H,01H → Register 00H = 20H, register 01H = 20H LD 02H,@00H → Register 02H = 20H, register 00H = 01H LD 00H,#0AH → Register 00H = 0AH LD @00H,#10H → Register 00H = 01H, register 01H = 10H LD @00H,02H → Register 00H = 01H, register 01H = 02, register 02H = 02H LD R0,#LOOP[R1] → R0 = 0FFH, R1 = 0AH LD #LOOP[R0],R1 → Register 31H = 0AH, R0 = 01H, R1 = 0AH S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET LDB — Load Bit LDB dst,src.b LDB dst.b,src Operation: dst(0) ← src(b) or dst(b) ← src(0) The specified bit of the source is loaded into bit zero (LSB) of the destination, or bit zero of the source is loaded into the specified bit of the destination. No other bits of the destination are affected. The source is unaffected. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode src dst opc dst | b | 0 src 3 6 47 r0 Rb opc src | b | 1 dst 3 6 47 Rb r0 NOTE: In the second byte of the instruction formats, the destination (or source) address is four bits, the bit address 'b' is three bits, and the LSB address value is one bit in length. Examples: Given: R0 = 06H and general register 00H = 05H: LDB R0,00H.2 → R0 = 07H, register 00H = 05H LDB 00H.0,R0 → R0 = 06H, register 00H = 04H In the first example, destination working register R0 contains the value 06H and the source general register 00H the value 05H. The statement "LD R0,00H.2" loads the bit two value of the 00H register into bit zero of the R0 register, leaving the value 07H in register R0. In the second example, 00H is the destination register. The statement "LD 00H.0,R0" loads bit zero of register R0 to the specified bit (bit zero) of the destination register, leaving 04H in general register 00H. 6-51 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LDC/LDE — Load Memory LDC/LDE dst,src Operation: dst ← src This instruction loads a byte from program or data memory into a working register or vice-versa. The source values are unaffected. LDC refers to program memory and LDE to data memory. The assembler makes 'Irr' or 'rr' values an even number for program memory and odd an odd number for data memory. No flags are affected. Flags: Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode src dst 1. opc dst | src 2 10 C3 r Irr 2. opc src | dst 2 10 D3 Irr r 3. opc dst | src XS 3 12 E7 r XS [rr] 4. opc src | dst XS 3 12 F7 XS [rr] r 5. opc dst | src XLL XLH 4 14 A7 r XL [rr] 6. opc src | dst XLL XLH 4 14 B7 XL [rr] r 7. opc dst | 0000 DAL DAH 4 14 A7 r DA 8. opc src | 0000 DAL DAH 4 14 B7 DA r 9. opc dst | 0001 DAL DAH 4 14 A7 r DA 10. opc src | 0001 DAL DAH 4 14 B7 DA r NOTES: 1. The source (src) or working register pair [rr] for formats 5 and 6 cannot use register pair 0–1. 2. For formats 3 and 4, the destination address 'XS [rr]' and the source address 'XS [rr]' are each one byte. 3. For formats 5 and 6, the destination address 'XL [rr] and the source address 'XL [rr]' are each two bytes. 4. The DA and r source values for formats 7 and 8 are used to address program memory; the second set of values, used in formats 9 and 10, are used to address data memory. 6-52 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET LDC/LDE — Load Memory LDC/LDE (Continued) Examples: Given: R0 = 11H, R1 = 34H, R2 = 01H, R3 = 04H; Program memory locations 0103H = 4FH, 0104H = 1A, 0105H = 6DH, and 1104H = 88H. External data memory locations 0103H = 5FH, 0104H = 2AH, 0105H = 7DH, and 1104H = 98H: LDC R0,@RR2 ; R0 ← contents of program memory location 0104H ; R0 = 1AH, R2 = 01H, R3 = 04H LDE R0,@RR2 ; R0 ← contents of external data memory location 0104H ; R0 = 2AH, R2 = 01H, R3 = 04H LDC (note) @RR2,R0 ; 11H (contents of R0) is loaded into program memory ; location 0104H (RR2), ; working registers R0, R2, R3 → no change LDE @RR2,R0 ; 11H (contents of R0) is loaded into external data memory ; location 0104H (RR2), ; working registers R0, R2, R3 → no change LDC R0,#01H[RR2] ; R0 ← contents of program memory location 0105H ; (01H + RR2), ; R0 = 6DH, R2 = 01H, R3 = 04H LDE R0,#01H[RR2] ; R0 ← contents of external data memory location 0105H ; (01H + RR2), R0 = 7DH, R2 = 01H, R3 = 04H LDC (note) #01H[RR2],R0 ; 11H (contents of R0) is loaded into program memory location ; 0105H (01H + 0104H) LDE #01H[RR2],R0 ; 11H (contents of R0) is loaded into external data memory ; location 0105H (01H + 0104H) LDC R0,#1000H[RR2] ; R0 ← contents of program memory location 1104H ; (1000H + 0104H), R0 = 88H, R2 = 01H, R3 = 04H LDE R0,#1000H[RR2] ; R0 ← contents of external data memory location 1104H ; (1000H + 0104H), R0 = 98H, R2 = 01H, R3 = 04H LDC 88H R0,1104H ; R0 ← contents of program memory location 1104H, R0 = LDE R0,1104H ; R0 ← contents of external data memory location 1104H, ; R0 = 98H LDC (note) 1105H,R0 ; 11H (contents of R0) is loaded into program memory location ; 1105H, (1105H) ← 11H LDE ; 11H (contents of R0) is loaded into external data memory ; location 1105H, (1105H) ← 11H 1105H,R0 NOTE: These instructions are not supported by masked ROM type devices. 6-53 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LDCD/LDED — Load Memory and Decrement LDCD/LDED dst,src Operation: dst ← src rr ← rr – 1 These instructions are used for user stacks or block transfers of data from program or data memory to the register file. The address of the memory location is specified by a working register pair. The contents of the source location are loaded into the destination location. The memory address is then decremented. The contents of the source are unaffected. LDCD references program memory and LDED references external data memory. The assembler makes 'Irr' an even number for program memory and an odd number for data memory. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Examples: dst | src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 10 E2 Addr Mode src dst r Irr Given: R6 = 10H, R7 = 33H, R8 = 12H, program memory location 1033H = 0CDH, and external data memory location 1033H = 0DDH: LDCD R8,@RR6 ; 0CDH (contents of program memory location 1033H) is loaded ; into R8 and RR6 is decremented by one ; R8 = 0CDH, R6 = 10H, R7 = 32H (RR6 ← RR6 – 1) LDED R8,@RR6 ; 0DDH (contents of data memory location 1033H) is loaded ; into R8 and RR6 is decremented by one (RR6 ← RR6 – 1) ; R8 = 0DDH, R6 = 10H, R7 = 32H 6-54 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET LDCI/LDEI — Load Memory and Increment LDCI/LDEI dst,src Operation: dst ← src rr ← rr + 1 These instructions are used for user stacks or block transfers of data from program or data memory to the register file. The address of the memory location is specified by a working register pair. The contents of the source location are loaded into the destination location. The memory address is then incremented automatically. The contents of the source are unaffected. LDCI refers to program memory and LDEI refers to external data memory. The assembler makes 'Irr' even for program memory and odd for data memory. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Examples: dst | src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 10 E3 Addr Mode src dst r Irr Given: R6 = 10H, R7 = 33H, R8 = 12H, program memory locations 1033H = 0CDH and 1034H = 0C5H; external data memory locations 1033H = 0DDH and 1034H = 0D5H: LDCI R8,@RR6 ; 0CDH (contents of program memory location 1033H) is loaded ; into R8 and RR6 is incremented by one (RR6 ← RR6 + 1) ; R8 = 0CDH, R6 = 10H, R7 = 34H LDEI R8,@RR6 ; 0DDH (contents of data memory location 1033H) is loaded ; into R8 and RR6 is incremented by one (RR6 ← RR6 + 1) ; R8 = 0DDH, R6 = 10H, R7 = 34H 6-55 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LDCPD/LDEPD — Load Memory with Pre-Decrement LDCPD/ LDEPD dst,src Operation: rr ← rr – 1 dst ← src These instructions are used for block transfers of data from program or data memory from the register file. The address of the memory location is specified by a working register pair and is first decremented. The contents of the source location are then loaded into the destination location. The contents of the source are unaffected. LDCPD refers to program memory and LDEPD refers to external data memory. The assembler makes 'Irr' an even number for program memory and an odd number for external data memory. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Examples: 6-56 src | dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 14 F2 Addr Mode src dst Irr r Given: R0 = 77H, R6 = 30H, and R7 = 00H: LDCPD @RR6,R0 ; ; ; ; (RR6 ← RR6 – 1) 77H (contents of R0) is loaded into program memory location 2FFFH (3000H – 1H) R0 = 77H, R6 = 2FH, R7 = 0FFH LDEPD @RR6,R0 ; ; ; ; (RR6 ← RR6 – 1) 77H (contents of R0) is loaded into external data memory location 2FFFH (3000H – 1H) R0 = 77H, R6 = 2FH, R7 = 0FFH S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET LDCPI/LDEPI — Load Memory with Pre-Increment LDCPI/ LDEPI dst,src Operation: rr ← rr + 1 dst ← src These instructions are used for block transfers of data from program or data memory from the register file. The address of the memory location is specified by a working register pair and is first incremented. The contents of the source location are loaded into the destination location. The contents of the source are unaffected. LDCPI refers to program memory and LDEPI refers to external data memory. The assembler makes 'Irr' an even number for program memory and an odd number for data memory. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Examples: src | dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 14 F3 Addr Mode src dst Irr r Given: R0 = 7FH, R6 = 21H, and R7 = 0FFH: LDCPI @RR6,R0 ; ; ; ; (RR6 ← RR6 + 1) 7FH (contents of R0) is loaded into program memory location 2200H (21FFH + 1H) R0 = 7FH, R6 = 22H, R7 = 00H LDEPI @RR6,R0 ; ; ; ; (RR6 ← RR6 + 1) 7FH (contents of R0) is loaded into external data memory location 2200H (21FFH + 1H) R0 = 7FH, R6 = 22H, R7 = 00H 6-57 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LDW — Load Word LDW dst,src Operation: dst ← src The contents of the source (a word) are loaded into the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc opc Examples: src dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 8 C4 RR RR 8 C5 RR IR 8 C6 RR IML 4 Addr Mode src dst Given: R4 = 06H, R5 = 1CH, R6 = 05H, R7 = 02H, register 00H = 1AH, register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 03H, and register 03H = 0FH: LDW RR6,RR4 → R6 = 06H, R7 = 1CH, R4 = 06H, R5 = 1CH LDW 00H,02H → Register 00H = 03H, register 01H = 0FH, register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0FH LDW RR2,@R7 → R2 = 03H, R3 = 0FH, LDW 04H,@01H → Register 04H = 03H, register 05H = 0FH LDW RR6,#1234H → R6 = 12H, R7 = 34H LDW 02H,#0FEDH → Register 02H = 0FH, register 03H = 0EDH In the second example, please note that the statement "LDW 00H,02H" loads the contents of the source word 02H, 03H into the destination word 00H, 01H. This leaves the value 03H in general register 00H and the value 0FH in register 01H. The other examples show how to use the LDW instruction with various addressing modes and formats. 6-58 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET MULT — Multiply (Unsigned) MULT dst,src Operation: dst ← dst × src The 8-bit destination operand (even register of the register pair) is multiplied by the source operand (8 bits) and the product (16 bits) is stored in the register pair specified by the destination address. Both operands are treated as unsigned integers. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Set if result is > 255; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if MSB of the result is a "1"; cleared otherwise. Cleared. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: src dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode src dst 3 22 84 RR R 22 85 RR IR 22 86 RR IM Given: Register 00H = 20H, register 01H = 03H, register 02H = 09H, register 03H = 06H: MULT 00H, 02H → Register 00H = 01H, register 01H = 20H, register 02H = 09H MULT 00H, @01H → Register 00H = 00H, register 01H = 0C0H MULT 00H, #30H → Register 00H = 06H, register 01H = 00H In the first example, the statement "MULT 00H,02H" multiplies the 8-bit destination operand (in the register 00H of the register pair 00H, 01H) by the source register 02H operand (09H). The 16-bit product, 0120H, is stored in the register pair 00H, 01H. 6-59 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 NEXT — Next NEXT Operation: PC ← @ IP IP ← IP + 2 The NEXT instruction is useful when implementing threaded-code languages. The program memory word that is pointed to by the instruction pointer is loaded into the program counter. The instruction pointer is then incremented by two. No flags are affected. Flags: Format: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 10 0F opc Example: The following diagram shows one example of how to use the NEXT instruction. Before Address IP After Data Address 0043 IP 0120 43 44 45 120 Address H Address L Address H Next Memory 6-60 0045 Data Address PC Data 01 10 Address PC 0130 43 44 45 130 Data Address H Address L Address H Routine Memory S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET NOP — No Operation NOP Operation: No action is performed when the CPU executes this instruction. Typically, one or more NOPs are executed in sequence in order to effect a timing delay of variable duration. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 FF When the instruction NOP is encountered in a program, no operation occurs. Instead, there is a delay in instruction execution time. 6-61 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 OR — Logical OR OR dst,src Operation: dst ← dst OR src The source operand is logically ORed with the destination operand and the result is stored in the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. The OR operation results in a "1" being stored whenever either of the corresponding bits in the two operands is a "1"; otherwise a "0" is stored. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Always cleared to "0". Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc opc opc Examples: dst | src src dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 42 r r 6 43 r lr 6 44 R R 6 45 R IR 6 46 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R0 = 15H, R1 = 2AH, R2 = 01H, register 00H = 08H, register 01H = 37H, and register 08H = 8AH: OR R0,R1 → R0 = 3FH, R1 = 2AH OR R0,@R2 → R0 = 37H, R2 = 01H, register 01H = 37H OR 00H,01H → Register 00H = 3FH, register 01H = 37H OR 01H,@00H → Register 00H = 08H, register 01H = 0BFH OR 00H,#02H → Register 00H = 0AH In the first example, if working register R0 contains the value 15H and register R1 the value 2AH, the statement "OR R0,R1" logical-ORs the R0 and R1 register contents and stores the result (3FH) in destination register R0. The other examples show the use of the logical OR instruction with the various addressing modes and formats. 6-62 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET POP — Pop From Stack POP dst Operation: dst ← @SP SP ← SP + 1 The contents of the location addressed by the stack pointer are loaded into the destination. The stack pointer is then incremented by one. Flags: No flags affected. Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 8 50 R 8 51 IR Given: Register 00H = 01H, register 01H = 1BH, SPH (0D8H) = 00H, SPL (0D9H) = 0FBH, and stack register 0FBH = 55H: POP 00H → Register 00H = 55H, SP = 00FCH POP @00H → Register 00H = 01H, register 01H = 55H, SP = 00FCH In the first example, general register 00H contains the value 01H. The statement "POP 00H" loads the contents of location 00FBH (55H) into destination register 00H and then increments the stack pointer by one. Register 00H then contains the value 55H and the SP points to location 00FCH. 6-63 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 POPUD — Pop User Stack (Decrementing) POPUD dst,src Operation: dst ← src IR ← IR – 1 This instruction is used for user-defined stacks in the register file. The contents of the register file location addressed by the user stack pointer are loaded into the destination. The user stack pointer is then decremented. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: src dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 8 92 Addr Mode src dst R IR Given: Register 00H = 42H (user stack pointer register), register 42H = 6FH, and register 02H = 70H: POPUD 6FH 02H,@00H → Register 00H = 41H, register 02H = 6FH, register 42H = If general register 00H contains the value 42H and register 42H the value 6FH, the statement "POPUD 02H,@00H" loads the contents of register 42H into the destination register 02H. The user stack pointer is then decremented by one, leaving the value 41H. 6-64 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET POPUI — Pop User Stack (Incrementing) POPUI dst,src Operation: dst ← src IR ← IR + 1 The POPUI instruction is used for user-defined stacks in the register file. The contents of the register file location addressed by the user stack pointer are loaded into the destination. The user stack pointer is then incremented. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: src dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 8 93 Addr Mode src dst R IR Given: Register 00H = 01H and register 01H = 70H: POPUI 02H,@00H → Register 00H = 02H, register 01H = 70H, register 02H = 70H If general register 00H contains the value 01H and register 01H the value 70H, the statement "POPUI 02H,@00H" loads the value 70H into the destination general register 02H. The user stack pointer (register 00H) is then incremented by one, changing its value from 01H to 02H. 6-65 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PUSH — Push To Stack PUSH src Operation: SP ← SP – 1 @SP ← src A PUSH instruction decrements the stack pointer value and loads the contents of the source (src) into the location addressed by the decremented stack pointer. The operation then adds the new value to the top of the stack. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 8 (internal clock) 70 R 71 IR 8 (external clock) 8 (internal clock) 8 (external clock) Examples: Given: Register 40H = 4FH, register 4FH = 0AAH, SPH = 00H, and SPL = 00H: PUSH 40H → Register 40H = 4FH, stack register 0FFH = 4FH, SPH = 0FFH, SPL = 0FFH PUSH @40H → Register 40H = 4FH, register 4FH = 0AAH, stack register 0FFH = 0AAH, SPH = 0FFH, SPL = 0FFH In the first example, if the stack pointer contains the value 0000H, and general register 40H the value 4FH, the statement "PUSH 40H" decrements the stack pointer from 0000 to 0FFFFH. It then loads the contents of register 40H into location 0FFFFH and adds this new value to the top of the stack. 6-66 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET PUSHUD — Push User Stack (Decrementing) PUSHUD dst,src Operation: IR ← IR – 1 dst ← src This instruction is used to address user-defined stacks in the register file. PUSHUD decrements the user stack pointer and loads the contents of the source into the register addressed by the decremented stack pointer. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 8 82 Addr Mode src dst IR R Given: Register 00H = 03H, register 01H = 05H, and register 02H = 1AH: PUSHUD @00H,01H → Register 00H = 02H, register 01H = 05H, register 02H = 05H If the user stack pointer (register 00H, for example) contains the value 03H, the statement "PUSHUD @00H,01H" decrements the user stack pointer by one, leaving the value 02H. The 01H register value, 05H, is then loaded into the register addressed by the decremented user stack pointer. 6-67 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PUSHUI — Push User Stack (Incrementing) PUSHUI dst,src Operation: IR ← IR + 1 dst ← src This instruction is used for user-defined stacks in the register file. PUSHUI increments the user stack pointer and then loads the contents of the source into the register location addressed by the incremented user stack pointer. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 3 8 83 Addr Mode src dst IR R Given: Register 00H = 03H, register 01H = 05H, and register 04H = 2AH: PUSHUI @00H,01H → Register 00H = 04H, register 01H = 05H, register 04H = 05H If the user stack pointer (register 00H, for example) contains the value 03H, the statement "PUSHUI @00H,01H" increments the user stack pointer by one, leaving the value 04H. The 01H register value, 05H, is then loaded into the location addressed by the incremented user stack pointer. 6-68 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET RCF — Reset Carry Flag RCF RCF Operation: C ← 0 The carry flag is cleared to logic zero, regardless of its previous value. Flags: Cleared to "0". C: No other flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 CF Given: C = "1" or "0": The instruction RCF clears the carry flag (C) to logic zero. 6-69 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 RET — Return RET Operation: PC ← @SP SP ← SP + 2 The RET instruction is normally used to return to the previously executing procedure at the end of a procedure entered by a CALL instruction. The contents of the location addressed by the stack pointer are popped into the program counter. The next statement that is executed is the one that is addressed by the new program counter value. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 8 (internal stack) AF 10 (internal stack) Example: Given: SP = 00FCH, (SP) = 101AH, and PC = 1234: RET → PC = 101AH, SP = 00FEH The statement "RET" pops the contents of stack pointer location 00FCH (10H) into the high byte of the program counter. The stack pointer then pops the value in location 00FEH (1AH) into the PC's low byte and the instruction at location 101AH is executed. The stack pointer now points to memory location 00FEH. 6-70 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET RL — Rotate Left RL dst Operation: C ← dst (7) dst (0) ← dst (7) dst (n + 1) ← dst (n), n = 0–6 The contents of the destination operand are rotated left one bit position. The initial value of bit 7 is moved to the bit zero (LSB) position and also replaces the carry flag. 7 0 C Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Set if the bit rotated from the most significant bit position (bit 7) was "1". Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred; cleared otherwise. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 90 R 4 91 IR Given: Register 00H = 0AAH, register 01H = 02H and register 02H = 17H: RL 00H → Register 00H = 55H, C = "1" RL @01H → Register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 2EH, C = "0" In the first example, if general register 00H contains the value 0AAH (10101010B), the statement "RL 00H" rotates the 0AAH value left one bit position, leaving the new value 55H (01010101B) and setting the carry and overflow flags. 6-71 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 RLC — Rotate Left Through Carry RLC dst Operation: dst (0) ← C C ← dst (7) dst (n + 1) ← dst (n), n = 0–6 The contents of the destination operand with the carry flag are rotated left one bit position. The initial value of bit 7 replaces the carry flag (C); the initial value of the carry flag replaces bit zero. 7 0 C Flags: Set if the bit rotated from the most significant bit position (bit 7) was "1". Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred, that is, if the sign of the destination changed during rotation; cleared otherwise. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. C: Z: S: V: Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 10 R 4 11 IR Given: Register 00H = 0AAH, register 01H = 02H, and register 02H = 17H, C = "0": RLC 00H → Register 00H = 54H, C = "1" RLC @01H → Register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 2EH, C = "0" In the first example, if general register 00H has the value 0AAH (10101010B), the statement "RLC 00H" rotates 0AAH one bit position to the left. The initial value of bit 7 sets the carry flag and the initial value of the C flag replaces bit zero of register 00H, leaving the value 55H (01010101B). The MSB of register 00H resets the carry flag to "1" and sets the overflow flag. 6-72 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET RR — Rotate Right RR dst Operation: C ← dst (0) dst (7) ← dst (0) dst (n) ← dst (n + 1), n = 0–6 The contents of the destination operand are rotated right one bit position. The initial value of bit zero (LSB) is moved to bit 7 (MSB) and also replaces the carry flag (C). 7 0 C Flags: Set if the bit rotated from the least significant bit position (bit zero) was "1". Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred, that is, if the sign of the destination changed during rotation; cleared otherwise. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. C: Z: S: V: Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 E0 R 4 E1 IR Given: Register 00H = 31H, register 01H = 02H, and register 02H = 17H: RR 00H → Register 00H = 98H, C = "1" RR @01H → Register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 8BH, C = "1" In the first example, if general register 00H contains the value 31H (00110001B), the statement "RR 00H" rotates this value one bit position to the right. The initial value of bit zero is moved to bit 7, leaving the new value 98H (10011000B) in the destination register. The initial bit zero also resets the C flag to "1" and the sign flag and overflow flag are also set to "1". 6-73 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 RRC — Rotate Right Through Carry RRC dst Operation: dst (7) ← C C ← dst (0) dst (n) ← dst (n + 1), n = 0–6 The contents of the destination operand and the carry flag are rotated right one bit position. The initial value of bit zero (LSB) replaces the carry flag; the initial value of the carry flag replaces bit 7 (MSB). 7 0 C Flags: Set if the bit rotated from the least significant bit position (bit zero) was "1". Set if the result is "0" cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred, that is, if the sign of the destination changed during rotation; cleared otherwise. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. C: Z: S: V: Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 C0 R 4 C1 IR Given: Register 00H = 55H, register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 17H, and C = "0": RRC 00H → Register 00H = 2AH, C = "1" RRC @01H → Register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 0BH, C = "1" In the first example, if general register 00H contains the value 55H (01010101B), the statement "RRC 00H" rotates this value one bit position to the right. The initial value of bit zero ("1") replaces the carry flag and the initial value of the C flag ("1") replaces bit 7. This leaves the new value 2AH (00101010B) in destination register 00H. The sign flag and overflow flag are both cleared to "0". 6-74 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET SB0 — Select Bank 0 SB0 Operation: BANK ← 0 The SB0 instruction clears the bank address flag in the FLAGS register (FLAGS.0) to logic zero, selecting bank 0 register addressing in the set 1 area of the register file. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 4F The statement SB0 clears FLAGS.0 to "0", selecting bank 0 register addressing. 6-75 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SB1 — Select Bank 1 SB1 Operation: BANK ← 1 The SB1 instruction sets the bank address flag in the FLAGS register (FLAGS.0) to logic one, selecting bank 1 register addressing in the set 1 area of the register file. (Bank 1 is not implemented in some S3C8-series microcontrollers.) Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 5F The statement SB1 sets FLAGS.0 to "1", selecting bank 1 register addressing, if implemented. 6-76 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET SBC — Subtract with Carry SBC dst,src Operation: dst ← dst – src – c The source operand, along with the current value of the carry flag, is subtracted from the destination operand and the result is stored in the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. Subtraction is performed by adding the two's-complement of the source operand to the destination operand. In multiple precision arithmetic, this instruction permits the carry ("borrow") from the subtraction of the low-order operands to be subtracted from the subtraction of high-order operands. Flags: Set if a borrow occurred (src > dst); cleared otherwise. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred, that is, if the operands were of opposite sign and the sign of the result is the same as the sign of the source; cleared otherwise. D: Always set to "1". H: Cleared if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the low-order four bits of the result; set otherwise, indicating a "borrow". C: Z: S: V: Format: opc opc opc Examples: dst | src src dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 32 r r 6 33 r lr 6 34 R R 6 35 R IR 6 36 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R1 = 10H, R2 = 03H, C = "1", register 01H = 20H, register 02H = 03H, and register 03H = 0AH: SBC R1,R2 → R1 = 0CH, R2 = 03H SBC R1,@R2 → R1 = 05H, R2 = 03H, register 03H = 0AH SBC 01H,02H → Register 01H = 1CH, register 02H = 03H SBC 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 15H,register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0AH SBC 01H,#8AH → Register 01H = 5H; C, S, and V = "1" In the first example, if working register R1 contains the value 10H and register R2 the value 03H, the statement "SBC R1,R2" subtracts the source value (03H) and the C flag value ("1") from the destination (10H) and then stores the result (0CH) in register R1. 6-77 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SCF — Set Carry Flag SCF Operation: C ← 1 The carry flag (C) is set to logic one, regardless of its previous value. Flags: C: Set to "1". No other flags are affected. Format: opc Example: The statement SCF sets the carry flag to logic one. 6-78 Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 DF S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET SRA — Shift Right Arithmetic SRA dst Operation: dst (7) ← dst (7) C ← dst (0) dst (n) ← dst (n + 1), n = 0–6 An arithmetic shift-right of one bit position is performed on the destination operand. Bit zero (the LSB) replaces the carry flag. The value of bit 7 (the sign bit) is unchanged and is shifted into bit position 6. 7 6 0 C Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Set if the bit shifted from the LSB position (bit zero) was "1". Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Always cleared to "0". Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 D0 R 4 D1 IR Given: Register 00H = 9AH, register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0BCH, and C = "1": SRA 00H → Register 00H = 0CD, C = "0" SRA @02H → Register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0DEH, C = "0" In the first example, if general register 00H contains the value 9AH (10011010B), the statement "SRA 00H" shifts the bit values in register 00H right one bit position. Bit zero ("0") clears the C flag and bit 7 ("1") is then shifted into the bit 6 position (bit 7 remains unchanged). This leaves the value 0CDH (11001101B) in destination register 00H. 6-79 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SRP/SRP0/SRP1 — Set Register Pointer SRP src SRP0 src SRP1 src Operation: If src (1) = 1 and src (0) = 0 then: RP0 (3–7) ← src (3–7) If src (1) = 0 and src (0) = 1 then: RP1 (3–7) ← src (3–7) If src (1) = 0 and src (0) = 0 then: RP0 (4–7) ← src (4–7), RP0 (3) ← 0 RP1 (4–7) ← src (4–7), RP1 (3) ← 1 The source data bits one and zero (LSB) determine whether to write one or both of the register pointers, RP0 and RP1. Bits 3–7 of the selected register pointer are written unless both register pointers are selected. RP0.3 is then cleared to logic zero and RP1.3 is set to logic one. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Examples: src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode src 2 4 31 IM The statement SRP #40H sets register pointer 0 (RP0) at location 0D6H to 40H and register pointer 1 (RP1) at location 0D7H to 48H. The statement "SRP0 #50H" sets RP0 to 50H, and the statement "SRP1 #68H" sets RP1 to 68H. 6-80 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET STOP — Stop Operation STOP Operation: The STOP instruction stops the both the CPU clock and system clock and causes the microcontroller to enter Stop mode. During Stop mode, the contents of on-chip CPU registers, peripheral registers, and I/O port control and data registers are retained. Stop mode can be released by an external reset operation or by external interrupts. For the reset operation, the RESET pin must be held to Low level until the required oscillation stabilization interval has elapsed. Flags: No flags are affected. Format: opc Example: Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 1 4 7F Addr Mode src dst – – The statement STOP halts all microcontroller operations. 6-81 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SUB — Subtract SUB dst,src Operation: dst ← dst – src The source operand is subtracted from the destination operand and the result is stored in the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. Subtraction is performed by adding the two's complement of the source operand to the destination operand. Flags: Set if a "borrow" occurred; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. Set if arithmetic overflow occurred, that is, if the operands were of opposite signs and the sign of the result is of the same as the sign of the source operand; cleared otherwise. D: Always set to "1". H: Cleared if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the low-order four bits of the result; set otherwise indicating a "borrow". C: Z: S: V: Format: opc opc opc Examples: dst | src src dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 22 r r 6 23 r lr 6 24 R R 6 25 R IR 6 26 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R1 = 12H, R2 = 03H, register 01H = 21H, register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0AH: SUB R1,R2 → R1 = 0FH, R2 = 03H SUB R1,@R2 → R1 = 08H, R2 = 03H SUB 01H,02H → Register 01H = 1EH, register 02H = 03H SUB 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 17H, register 02H = 03H SUB 01H,#90H → Register 01H = 91H; C, S, and V = "1" SUB 01H,#65H → Register 01H = 0BCH; C and S = "1", V = "0" In the first example, if working register R1 contains the value 12H and if register R2 contains the value 03H, the statement "SUB R1,R2" subtracts the source value (03H) from the destination value (12H) and stores the result (0FH) in destination register R1. 6-82 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET SWAP — Swap Nibbles SWAP dst Operation: dst (0 – 3) ↔ dst (4 – 7) The contents of the lower four bits and upper four bits of the destination operand are swapped. 7 Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: 4 3 0 Undefined. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Undefined. Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc Examples: dst Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Mode dst 2 4 F0 R 4 F1 IR Given: Register 00H = 3EH, register 02H = 03H, and register 03H = 0A4H: SWAP 00H → Register 00H = 0E3H SWAP @02H → Register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 4AH In the first example, if general register 00H contains the value 3EH (00111110B), the statement "SWAP 00H" swaps the lower and upper four bits (nibbles) in the 00H register, leaving the value 0E3H (11100011B). 6-83 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 TCM — Test Complement Under Mask TCM dst,src Operation: (NOT dst) AND src This instruction tests selected bits in the destination operand for a logic one value. The bits to be tested are specified by setting a "1" bit in the corresponding position of the source operand (mask). The TCM statement complements the destination operand, which is then ANDed with the source mask. The zero (Z) flag can then be checked to determine the result. The destination and source operands are unaffected. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Always cleared to "0". Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc opc opc Examples: dst | src src dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 62 r r 6 63 r lr 6 64 R R 6 65 R IR 6 66 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R0 = 0C7H, R1 = 02H, R2 = 12H, register 00H = 2BH, register 01H = 02H, and register 02H = 23H: TCM R0,R1 → R0 = 0C7H, R1 = 02H, Z = "1" TCM R0,@R1 → R0 = 0C7H, R1 = 02H, register 02H = 23H, Z = "0" TCM 00H,01H → Register 00H = 2BH, register 01H = 02H, Z = "1" TCM 00H,@01H → Register 00H = 2BH, register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 23H, Z = "1" TCM 00H,#34 → Register 00H = 2BH, Z = "0" In the first example, if working register R0 contains the value 0C7H (11000111B) and register R1 the value 02H (00000010B), the statement "TCM R0,R1" tests bit one in the destination register for a "1" value. Because the mask value corresponds to the test bit, the Z flag is set to logic one and can be tested to determine the result of the TCM operation. 6-84 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET TM — Test Under Mask TM dst,src Operation: dst AND src This instruction tests selected bits in the destination operand for a logic zero value. The bits to be tested are specified by setting a "1" bit in the corresponding position of the source operand (mask), which is ANDed with the destination operand. The zero (Z) flag can then be checked to determine the result. The destination and source operands are unaffected. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Always reset to "0". Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc opc opc Examples: dst | src src dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 72 r r 6 73 r lr 6 74 R R 6 75 R IR 6 76 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R0 = 0C7H, R1 = 02H, R2 = 18H, register 00H = 2BH, register 01H = 02H, and register 02H = 23H: TM R0,R1 → R0 = 0C7H, R1 = 02H, Z = "0" TM R0,@R1 → R0 = 0C7H, R1 = 02H, register 02H = 23H, Z = "0" TM 00H,01H → Register 00H = 2BH, register 01H = 02H, Z = "0" TM 00H,@01H → Register 00H = 2BH, register 01H = 02H, register 02H = 23H, Z = "0" TM 00H,#54H → Register 00H = 2BH, Z = "1" In the first example, if working register R0 contains the value 0C7H (11000111B) and register R1 the value 02H (00000010B), the statement "TM R0,R1" tests bit one in the destination register for a "0" value. Because the mask value does not match the test bit, the Z flag is cleared to logic zero and can be tested to determine the result of the TM operation. 6-85 INSTRUCTION SET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 WFI — Wait for Interrupt WFI Operation: The CPU is effectively halted until an interrupt occurs, except that DMA transfers can still take place during this wait state. The WFI status can be released by an internal interrupt, including a fast interrupt . Flags: No flags are affected. Format: Bytes opc Example: 1 Cycles Opcode (Hex) 4n 3F ( n = 1, 2, 3, … ) The following sample program structure shows the sequence of operations that follow a "WFI" statement: Main program . . . EI WFI (Next instruction) (Enable global interrupt) (Wait for interrupt) . . . Interrupt occurs Interrupt service routine . . . Clear interrupt flag IRET Service routine completed 6-86 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 INSTRUCTION SET XOR — Logical Exclusive OR XOR dst,src Operation: dst ← dst XOR src The source operand is logically exclusive-ORed with the destination operand and the result is stored in the destination. The exclusive-OR operation results in a "1" bit being stored whenever the corresponding bits in the operands are different; otherwise, a "0" bit is stored. Flags: C: Z: S: V: D: H: Unaffected. Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. Always reset to "0". Unaffected. Unaffected. Format: opc opc opc Examples: dst | src src dst dst src Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) 2 4 B2 r r 6 B3 r lr 6 B4 R R 6 B5 R IR 6 B6 R IM 3 3 Addr Mode src dst Given: R0 = 0C7H, R1 = 02H, R2 = 18H, register 00H = 2BH, register 01H = 02H, and register 02H = 23H: XOR R0,R1 → R0 = 0C5H, R1 = 02H XOR R0,@R1 → R0 = 0E4H, R1 = 02H, register 02H = 23H XOR 00H,01H → Register 00H = 29H, register 01H = 02H XOR 23H 00H,@01H → Register 00H = 08H, register 01H = 02H, register 02H = XOR 00H,#54H → Register 00H = 7FH In the first example, if working register R0 contains the value 0C7H and if register R1 contains the value 02H, the statement "XOR R0,R1" logically exclusive-ORs the R1 value with the R0 value and stores the result (0C5H) in the destination register R0. 6-87 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 7 CLOCK CIRCUIT CLOCK CIRCUIT OVERVIEW The clock frequency generated for the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 by an external crystal can range from 0.4 MHz to 11.1 MHz. The maximum CPU clock frequency is 11.1 MHz. The XIN and XOUT pins connect the external oscillator or clock source to the on-chip clock circuit. SYSTEM CLOCK CIRCUIT The system clock circuit has the following components: — External crystal or ceramic resonator oscillation source (or an external clock source) — Oscillator stop and wake-up functions — Programmable frequency divider for the CPU clock (fXX divided by 1, 2, 8, or 16) — System clock control register, CLKCON — Oscillator control register, OSCCON and STOP control register, STPCON CPU CLOCK NOTATION In this document, the following notation is used for descriptions of the CPU clock; fX: main clock fXT: sub clock fXX: selected system clock 7-1 CLOCK CIRCUIT S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SUB OSCILLATOR CIRCUITS MAIN OSCILLATOR CIRCUITS 32.768 kHz XIN XTIN XOUT Figure 7-1. Crystal/Ceramic Oscillator (fX) XTOUT Figure 7-4. Crystal Oscillator (fXT, Normal) 32.768 kHz XTIN XIN XOUT 0.1µF Figure 7-2. External Oscillator (fX) XIN XTOUT VREG Figure 7-5. Crystal Oscillator (fXT, for Low Current) XTIN R XOUT XTOUT Figure 7-3. RC Oscillator (fX) 7-2 Figure 7-6. External Oscillator (fXT) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CLOCK CIRCUIT CLOCK STATUS DURING POWER-DOWN MODES The two power-down modes, Stop mode and Idle mode, affect the system clock as follows: — In Stop mode, the main oscillator is halted. Stop mode is released, and the oscillator is started, by a reset operation or an external interrupt (with RC delay noise filter), and can be released by internal interrupt too when the sub-system oscillator is running and watch timer is operating with sub-system clock. — In Idle mode, the internal clock signal is gated to the CPU, but not to interrupt structure, timers and timer/ counters. Idle mode is released by a reset or by an external or internal interrupt. Stop Release INT Main-System Oscillator Circuit fX fXT Sub-system Oscillator Circuit Watch Timer, BLD LCD Controller Selector 1 fXX Stop OSCCON.3 Stop OSCCON.0 1/1-1/4096 STOP OSC inst. Frequency Dividing Circuit STPCON 1/1 CLKCON.4-.3 1/2 1/8 1/16 OSCCON.2 Basic Timer Timer/Counter Watch Timer BLD LCD Controller SIO UART A/D Converter Selector 2 CPU Clock IDLE Instruction Figure 7-7. System Clock Circuit Diagram 7-3 CLOCK CIRCUIT S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SYSTEM CLOCK CONTROL REGISTER (CLKCON) The system clock control register, CLKCON, is located in the set 1, address D4H. It is read/write addressable and has the following functions: — Oscillator frequency divide-by value After the main oscillator is activated, and the fxx/16 (the slowest clock speed) is selected as the CPU clock. If necessary, you can then increase the CPU clock speed fxx/8, fxx/2, or fxx/1. System Clock Control Register (CLKCON) D4H, Set 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 Not used (must keep always 0) Oscillator IRQ wake-up function bit: 0 = Enable IRQ for main wake-up in power down mode 1 = Diable IRQ for main wake-up in power down mode NOTE: .3 .2 .1 .0 Not used (must keep always 0) Divide-by selection bits for CPU clock frequency: 00 = fXX/16 01 = fXX/8 10 = fXX/2 11 = fXX/1 (non-divided) After a reset, the slowest clock (divided by 16) is selected as the system clock. To select faster speeds, load the appropriate values to CLKCON.3 and CLKCON.4. Figure 7-8. System Clock Control Register (CLKCON) 7-4 LSB S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CLOCK CIRCUIT Oscillator Control Register (OSCCON) FAH, Set 1, bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 Not used for S3C828B/C8289/C8285 Subsystem oscillator circuit selection bit: (1) 0 = Normal circuit for sub oscillator 1 = Power saving circuit for sub oscillator .0 LSB System clock selection bit: 0 = Main oscillator select 1 = Subsystem oscillator select Not used for S3C828B/C8289/C8285 Subsystem oscillator control bit: 0 = Subsystem oscillator RUN 1 = Subsystem oscillator STOP Mainsystem oscillator control bit: 0 = Mainsystem oscillator RUN 1 = Mainsystem oscillator STOP NOTES: 1. A capacitor (0.1uF) should be connected between VREG and GND when the sub-oscillator is used to power saving mode (OSCCON.7 = "1") 2. The OSCCON.7 automatically cleared to "0" when the suboscillator is stopped by OSCCON.2 or the CPU is entered into stop mode in sub operating mode. Figure 7-9. Oscillator Control Register (OSCCON) STOP Control Register (STPCON) FBH, Set 1,bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB STOP Control bits: Other values = Disable STOP instruction 10100101 = Enable STOP instruction NOTE: Before executing the STOP instruction, set the STPCON register as "10100101b". Otherwise the STOP instruction will not be executed and reset will be generated. Figure 7-10. STOP Control Register (STPCON) 7-5 CLOCK CIRCUIT S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SWITCHING THE CPU CLOCK Data loading in the oscillator control register, OSCCON, determine whether a main or a sub clock is selected as the CPU clock, and also how this frequency is to be divided by setting CLKCON. This makes it possible to switch dynamically between main and sub clocks and to modify operating frequencies. OSCCON.0 select the main clock (fX) or the sub clock (fXT) for the CPU clock. OSCCON .3 start or stop main clock oscillation, and OSCCON.2 start or stop sub clock oscillation. CLKCON.4–.3 control the frequency divider circuit, and divide the selected fXX clock by 1, 2, 8, 16. For example, you are using the default CPU clock (normal operating mode and a main clock of fx/16) and you want to switch from the fX clock to a sub clock and to stop the main clock. To do this, you need to set CLKCON.4.3 to "11", OSCCON.0 to “1”, and OSCCON.3 to “1” simultaneously. This switches the clock from fX to fXT and stops main clock oscillation. The following steps must be taken to switch from a sub clock to the main clock: first, set OSCCON.3 to “0” to enable main clock oscillation. Then, after a certain number of machine cycles has elapsed, select the main clock by setting OSCCON.0 to “0”. PROGRAMMING TIP — Switching the CPU clock 1. This example shows how to change from the main clock to the sub clock: MA2SUB LD OSCCON,#01H ; Switches to the sub clock ; Stop the main clock oscillation RET 2. This example shows how to change from sub clock to main clock: SUB2MA DLY16 DEL 7-6 AND CALL AND RET SRP LD NOP DJNZ RET OSCCON,#07H DLY16 OSCCON,#06H #0C0H R0,#20H R0,DEL ; Start the main clock oscillation ; Delay 16 ms ; Switch to the main clock RESET and POWER-DOWN S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 8 RESET and POWER-DOWN SYSTEM RESET OVERVIEW During a power-on reset, the voltage at VDD goes to High level and the RESET pin is forced to Low level. The RESET signal is input through a schmitt trigger circuit where it is then synchronized with the CPU clock. This procedure brings the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 into a known operating status. To allow time for internal CPU clock oscillation to stabilize, the RESET pin must be held to Low level for a minimum time interval after the power supply comes within tolerance. The minimum required time of a reset operation for oscillation stabilization is 1 millisecond. Whenever a reset occurs during normal operation (that is, when both VDD and RESET are High level), the nRESET pin is forced Low level and the reset operation starts. All system and peripheral control registers are then reset to their default hardware values In summary, the following sequence of events occurs during a reset operation: — All interrupt is disabled. — The watchdog function (basic timer) is enabled. — Ports 0-8 and set to input mode, and all pull-up resistors are disabled for the I/O port. — Peripheral control and data register settings are disabled and reset to their default hardware values. — The program counter (PC) is loaded with the program reset address in the ROM, 0100H. — When the programmed oscillation stabilization time interval has elapsed, the instruction stored in ROM location 0100H (and 0101H) is fetched and executed at normal mode by smart option. — The reset address at ROM can be changed by Smart Option in the S3F828B (full-flash device). Refer to "The Chapter 19. Embedded Flash Memory Interface" for more detailed contents. NORMAL MODE RESET OPERATION In normal (masked ROM) mode, the Test pin is tied to VSS. A reset enables access to the S3C828B(64Kbyte), S3C8289(32-Kbyte), and S3C8285(16-Kbyte) on-chip ROM. (The external interface is not automatically configured). NOTE To program the duration of the oscillation stabilization interval, you make the appropriate settings to the basic timer control register, BTCON, before entering Stop mode. Also, if you do not want to use the basic timer watchdog function (which causes a system reset if a basic timer counter overflow occurs), you can disable it by writing "1010B" to the upper nibble of BTCON. 8-1 RESET and POWER-DOWN S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 HARDWARE RESET VALUES Table 8-1, 8-2, 8-3 list the reset values for CPU and system registers, peripheral control registers, and peripheral data registers following a reset operation. The following notation is used to represent reset values: — A "1" or a "0" shows the reset bit value as logic one or logic zero, respectively. — An "x" means that the bit value is undefined after a reset. — A dash ("–") means that the bit is either not used or not mapped, but read 0 is the bit value. Table 8-1. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Set 1 Register and Values After RESET Register Name Basic timer control register System clock control register System flags register Register pointer 0 Register pointer 1 Stack pointer (high byte) Stack pointer (low byte) Instruction pointer (high byte) Instruction pointer (low byte) Interrupt request register Interrupt mask register System mode register Register page pointer Mnemonic Address Dec Hex 7 Locations D0H-D2H are not mapped. BTCON 211 D3H 0 CLKCON 212 D4H 0 FLAGS 213 D5H x RP0 214 D6H 1 RP1 215 D7H 1 SPH 216 D8H x SPL 217 D9H x IPH 218 DAH x IPL 219 DBH x IRQ 220 DCH 0 IMR 221 DDH x SYM 222 DEH 0 PP 223 DFH 0 Bit Values After RESET 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 – x 1 1 x x x x 0 x – 0 0 – 0 – – x x x x 0 x 0 0 NOTES: 1. An 'x' means that the bit value is undefined following reset. 2. A dash('-') means that the bit is neither used nor mapped, but the bit is read as “0”. 8-2 0 – x 0 0 x x x x 0 x – 0 0 0 x 0 0 x x x x 0 x x 0 0 0 x 0 1 x x x x 0 x x 0 0 – x – – x x x x 0 x x 0 0 – 0 – – x x x x 0 x 0 0 RESET and POWER-DOWN S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 8-2. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Set 1, Bank 0 Register and Values after RESET Register Name LCD Control Register Watch Timer Control Register Battery Level Detector Control Register SIO Control Register SIO Data Register SIO Pre-Scaler Register Timer 0 Control Register Timer 0 Counter Register(High Byte) Timer 0 Counter Register(Low Byte) Timer 0 Data Register(High Byte) Timer 0 Data Register(Low Byte) Timer A Control Register Timer A Counter Register Timer A Data Register Timer 1 Control Register Timer 1 Counter Register(High Byte) Timer 1 Counter Register(Low Byte) Timer 1 Data Register(High Byte) Timer 1 Data Register(Low Byte) Timer B Data Register(High Byte) Timer B Data Register(Low Byte) Timer B Control Register A/D Converter Control Register A/D Converter Data Register(High Byte) A/D Converter Data Register(Low Byte) UART Control Register UART Data Register UART Baud Rate Data Register Interrupt Pending Register Oscillator Control Register STOP Control Register Basic Timer Counter Interrupt Priority Register Mnemonic Address Dec Hex LCON 208 D0H WTCON 209 D1H BLDCON 210 D2H SIOCON 224 E0H SIODATA 225 E1H SIOPS 226 E2H T0CON 227 E3H T0CNTH 228 E4H T0CNTL 229 E5H T0DATAH 230 E6H T0DATAL 231 E7H TACON 232 E8H TACNT 233 E9H TADATA 234 EAH T1CON 235 EBH T1CNTH 236 ECH T1CNTL 237 EDH T1DATAH 238 EEH T1DATAL 239 EFH TBDATAH 240 F0H TBDATAL 241 F1H TBCON 242 F2H ADCON 243 F3H ADDATAH 244 F4H ADDATAL 245 F5H UARTCON 246 F6H UDATA 247 F7H BRDATA 248 F8H INTPND 249 F9H OSCCON 250 FAH STPCON 251 FBH Location FCH is not mapped. BTCNT 253 FDH Location FEH is not mapped. IPR 255 FFH 7 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 – x – 0 x 1 – 0 0 Bit Values after RESET 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x – – – – – x 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x 1 1 1 1 1 1 – 0 0 0 0 0 – – – 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 x x 0 x 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x x x x x x x x 8-3 RESET and POWER-DOWN S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 8-3. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Set 1, Bank 1 Register and Values after RESET Register Name Flash Memory Sector Address Register (High Byte) FMSECH Address Dec Hex 208 D0H Flash Memory Sector Address Register (Low Byte) FMSECL 209 D1H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Flash Memory Control Register FMCON P0CONH P0CONL P0INTH 210 224 225 226 D2H E0H E1H E2H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P0INTL P0PND P1CONH P1CONL P1PUR P2CONH P2CONL P3CONH P3CONL P4CONH P4CONL P4PUR P5PUR P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P5CONH P5CONL P6CONH P6CONL 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 E3H E4H E5H E6H E7H E8H E9H EAH EBH ECH EDH EEH EFH F0H F1H F2H F3H F4H F5H F6H F7H F8H F9H FAH FBH FCH 0 0 – 0 – 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 – 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 – 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 P7CON 253 FDH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port 8 Control Register P8CON 254 FEH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register FMUSR 255 FFH 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Port 0 Control Register (High Byte) Port 0 Control Register (Low Byte) Port 0 Interrupt Control Register (High Byte) Port 0 Interrupt Control Register(Low Byte) Port 0 Interrupt Pending Register Port 1 Control Register (High Byte) Port 1 Control Register (Low Byte) Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register Port 2 Control Register (High Byte) Port 2 Control Register (Low Byte) Port 3 Control Register (High Byte) Port 3 Control Register (Low Byte) Port 4 Control Register (High Byte) Port 4 Control Register (Low Byte) Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register Port 0 Data Register Port 1 Data Register Port 2 Data Register Port 3 Data Register Port 4 Data Register Port 5 Data Register Port 6 Data Register Port 7 Data Register Port 8 Data Register Port 5 Control Register (High Byte) Port 5 Control Register (Low Byte) Port 6 Control Register (High Byte) Port 6 Control Register (Low Byte) Port 7 Control Register 8-4 Mnemonic 7 0 Bit Values after RESET 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 RESET and POWER-DOWN S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 POWER-DOWN MODES STOP MODE Stop mode is invoked by the instruction STOP (opcode 7FH). In Stop mode, the operation of the CPU and all peripherals is halted. That is, the on-chip main oscillator stops and the supply current is reduced to less than 3µA. All system functions stop when the clock “freezes”, but data stored in the internal register file is retained. Stop mode can be released in one of two ways: by a reset or by interrupts, for more details see Figure 7-3. NOTE Do not use stop mode if you are using an external clock source because XIN input must be restricted internally to VSS to reduce current leakage. Using nRESET to Release Stop Mode Stop mode is released when the nRESET signal is released and returns to high level: all system and peripheral control registers are reset to their default hardware values and the contents of all data registers are retained. A reset operation automatically selects a slow clock fxx/16 because CLKCON.3 and CLKCON.4 are cleared to ‘00B’. After the programmed oscillation stabilization interval has elapsed, the CPU starts the system initialization routine by fetching the program instruction stored in ROM location 0100H (and 0101H) Using an External Interrupt to Release Stop Mode External interrupts with an RC-delay noise filter circuit can be used to release Stop mode. Which interrupt you can use to release Stop mode in a given situation depends on the microcontroller’s current internal operating mode. The external interrupts in the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 interrupt structure that can be used to release Stop mode are: — External interrupts P0.0–P0.7 (INT0–INT7) Please note the following conditions for Stop mode release: — If you release Stop mode using an external interrupt, the current values in system and peripheral control registers are unchanged except STPCON register. — If you use an internal or external interrupt for Stop mode release, you can also program the duration of the oscillation stabilization interval. To do this, you must make the appropriate control and clock settings before entering Stop mode. — When the Stop mode is released by external interrupt, the CLKCON.4 and CLKCON.3 bit-pair setting remains unchanged and the currently selected clock value is used. — The external interrupt is serviced when the Stop mode release occurs. Following the IRET from the service routine, the instruction immediately following the one that initiated Stop mode is executed. Using an Internal Interrupt to Release Stop Mode Activate any enabled interrupt, causing Stop mode to be released. Other things are same as using external interrupt. How to Enter into Stop Mode Handling STPCON register then writing STOP instruction (keep the order). LD STPCON,#10100101B STOP NOP NOP NOP 8-5 RESET and POWER-DOWN S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 IDLE MODE Idle mode is invoked by the instruction IDLE (opcode 6FH). In idle mode, CPU operations are halted while some peripherals remain active. During idle mode, the internal clock signal is gated away from the CPU, but all peripherals timers remain active. Port pins retain the mode (input or output) they had at the time idle mode was entered. There are two ways to release idle mode: 1. Execute a reset. All system and peripheral control registers are reset to their default values and the contents of all data registers are retained. The reset automatically selects the slow clock fxx/16 because CLKCON.4 and CLKCON.3 are cleared to ‘00B’. If interrupts are masked, a reset is the only way to release idle mode. 2. Activate any enabled interrupt, causing idle mode to be released. When you use an interrupt to release idle mode, the CLKCON.4 and CLKCON.3 register values remain unchanged, and the currently selected clock value is used. The interrupt is then serviced. When the return-from-interrupt (IRET) occurs, the instruction immediately following the one that initiated idle mode is executed. 8-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 9 I/O PORTS I/O PORTS OVERVIEW The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller has nine bit-programmable I/O ports, P0–P8. The port 1 is a 7-bit port, the port 3 is a 6-bit port, the port 7 is a 4-bit port, and the others are 8-bit ports. This gives a total of 65 I/O pins. Each port can be flexibly configured to meet application design requirements. The CPU accesses ports by directly writing or reading port registers. No special I/O instructions are required. Table 9-1 gives you a general overview of the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O port functions. Table 9-1. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port Configuration Overview Port Configuration Options 0 1-bit programmable I/O port. Schmitt trigger input or push-pull open-drain output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. P0.0–P0.7 can be used as inputs for external interrupts INT0–INT7 (with noise filter, interrupt enable and pending control). 1 1-bit programmable I/O port. Schmitt trigger input or push-pull, open-drain output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. Alternately P1.0–P1.6 can be used as T1CAP, T1CLK, T1OUT, T1PWM, BUZ, SO, SCK, SI. 2 1-bit programmable I/O port. Input or push-pull output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. Alternatively P2.0-P2.7 can be used as AD0–AD7/VBLDREF. 3 1-bit programmable I/O port. Input or push-pull output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. Alternately P3.0–P3.5 can be used as TBPWM, TAOUT/TAPWM, TACLK, TACAP, TxD, RxD or LCD SEG. 4 1-bit programmable I/O port. Input or push-pull, open drain output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. P4.0–P4.7 can alternately be used as outputs for LCD SEG. 5 1-bit programmable I/O port. Input or push-pull, open drain output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. P5.0–P5.7 can alternately be used as outputs for LCD SEG. 6 1-bit programmable I/O port. Input or push-pull output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. P6.0–P6.7 can alternately be used as outputs for LCD SEG. 7 1-bit programmable I/O port. Input or push-pull output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. P7.0–P7.3 can alternately be used as outputs for LCD SEG. 8 1-bit or 2-bit or 4-bit programmable I/O port. Input or push-pull, open drain output mode selected by software; software assignable pull-ups. P8.0–P8.7 can alternately be used as outputs for LCD COM/SEG. 9-1 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PORT DATA REGISTERS Table 9-2 gives you an overview of the register locations of all four S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O port data registers. Data registers for ports 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 have the general format shown in Figure 9-1. Table 9-2. Port Data Register Summary Register Name Mnemonic Decimal Hex Location R/W Port 0 data register P0 240 F0H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 1 data register P1 241 F1H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 2 data register P2 242 F2H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 3 data register P3 243 F3H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 4 data register P4 244 F4H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 5 data register P5 245 F5H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 6 data register P6 246 F6H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 7 data register P7 247 F7H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W Port 8 data register P8 248 F8H Set 1, Bank 1 R/W 9-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 0 Port 0 is an 8-bit I/O Port that you can use two ways: — General-purpose I/O — External interrupt inputs for INT0–INT7 Port 0 is accessed directly by writing or reading the port 0 data register, P0 at location F0H in set 1, bank 1. Port 0 Control Register (P0CONH, P0CONL) Port 0 has two 8-bit control registers: P0CONH for P0.4-P0.7 andP0CONL for P0.0-P0.3. A reset clears the P0CONH and P0CONL registers to "00H", configuring all pins to input mode. In input mode, three different selections are available: — Schmitt trigger input with interrupt generation on falling signal edges. — Schmitt trigger input with interrupt generation on rising signal edges. — Schmitt trigger input with interrupt generation on falling/rising signal edges. Port 0 Interrupt Enable and Pending Registers (P0INTH, P0INTL) To process external interrupts at the port 0 pins, the additional control registers are provided: the port 0 interrupt enable register P0INTH (high byte, E2H, set 1, bank 1), P0INTL (Low byte, E3H, set1, bank1) and the port 0 interrupt pending register P0PND (E4H, set 1, bank 1). The port 0 interrupt pending register P0PND lets you check for interrupt pending conditions and clear the pending condition when the interrupt service routine has been initiated. The application program detects interrupt requests by polling the P0PND register at regular intervals. When the interrupt enable bit of any port 0 pin is “1”, a rising or falling signal edge at that pin will generate an interrupt request. The corresponding P0PND bit is then automatically set to “1” and the IRQ level goes low to signal the CPU that an interrupt request is waiting. When the CPU acknowledges the interrupt request, application software must the clear the pending condition by writing a “0” to the corresponding P0PND bit. 9-3 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 0 Control Register, High Byte (P0CONH) E0H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 P0.7 (INT7) .5 .4 P0.6 (INT6) .3 .2 P0.5 (INT5) .1 .0 LSB P0.4 (INT4) P0CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Schmitt trigger input mode 01 Schmitt trigger input mode, pull-up 10 Output mode, open-drain 11 Output mode, push-pull Figure 9-1. Port 0 High-Byte Control Register (P0CONH) Port 0 Control Register, Low Byte (P0CONL) E1H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 P0.3 (INT3) .5 .4 P0.2 (INT2) .3 .2 P0.1 (INT1) .1 .0 LSB P0.0 (INT0) P0CONL bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Schmitt trigger input mode 01 Schmitt trigger input mode, pull-up 10 Output mode, open-drain 11 Output mode, push-pull Figure 9-2. Port 0 Low-Byte Control Register (P0CONL) 9-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS Port 0 Interrupt Control Register, High Byte (P0INTH) E2H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 INT7 .4 .3 INT6 .2 .1 INT5 .0 LSB INT4 P0INTH bit configuration settings: 00 Disable interrupt 01 Enable interrupt by falling edge 10 Enable interrupt by rising edge 11 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge Figure 9-3. Port 0 High-Byte Interrupt Control Register (P0INTH) Port 0 Interrupt Control Register, Low Byte (P0INTL) E3H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 INT3 .5 .4 INT2 .3 .2 INT1 .1 .0 LSB INT0 P0INTL bit configuration settings: 00 Disable interrupt 01 Enable interrupt by falling edge 10 Enable interrupt by rising edge 11 Enable interrupt by both falling and rising edge Figure 9-4. Port 0 Low-Byte Interrupt Control Register(P0INTL) 9-5 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 0 Interrupt Pending Register (P0PND) E4H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB PND7 PND6 PND5 PND4 PND3 PND2 PND1 PND0 P0PND bit configuration settings: 0 Interrupt request is not pending, pending bit clear when write 0 1 Interrupt request is pending Figure 9-5. Port 0 Interrupt Pending Register (P0PND) 9-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 1 Port 1 is an 7-bit I/O port with individually configurable pins. Port 1 pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 1 data register, P1 at location F1H in set 1, bank 1. P1.0–P1.6 can serve inputs, as outputs (push pull or open-drain) or you can configure the following alternative functions: — Low-byte pins (P1.0-P1.3): T1CAP, T1CLK, T1OUT, T1PWM, BUZ — High-byte pins (P1.4-P1.6): SO, SCK, SI Port 1 Control Register (P1CONH, P1CONL) Port 1 has two 8-bit control registers: P1CONH for P1.4–P1.6 and P1CONL for P1.0–P1.3. A reset clears the P1CONH and P1CONL registers to “00H”, configuring all pins to input mode. You use control registers settings to select input or output mode (push-pull or open drain) and enable the alternative functions. When programming the port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function you configure using the port 1 control registers must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P1PUR) Using the port 1 pull-up resistor enable register, P1PUR (E7H, set 1, bank 1), you can configure pull-up resistors to individual port 1 pins. Port 1 Control Register, High Byte (P1CONH) E5H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB SO P1.5/SCK P1.6/SI Not used for S3C828B/C8289/C8285 P1CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode (SI, SCK in) 01 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 10 11 Output mode, push-pull Alternative function (SCK out, SO, not used for P1.6) Figure 9-6. Port 1 High-Byte Control Register (P1CONH) 9-7 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 1 Control Register, Low Byte (P1CONL) E6H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P1.0/T1CAP P1.1/T1CLK P1.3/ BUZ P1.2/T1OUT /T1PWM P1CONL bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode (T1CAP, T1CLK) 01 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (BUZ, T1OUT, T1PWM, not used for P1.0-P1.1) NOTE: When use this port 1, user must be care of the pull-up resistance status. Figure 9-7. Port 1 Low-Byte Control Register (P1CONL) Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P1PUR) E7H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 P1.6 P1.5 P1.4 P1.3 P1.2 P1.1 P1.0 LSB Not used for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 P1PUR bit configuration settings: 0 Pull-up Disable 1 Pull-up Enable Figure 9-8. Port 1 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P1PUR) 9-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 2 Port 2 is an 8-bit I/O port that can be used for general-purpose I/O as A/D converter inputs, ADC0–ADC7. The pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 2 data register, P2 at location F2H in set 1, bank 1. P2.0–P2.7 can serve as inputs, as outputs(push-pull) or you can configure the following alternative functions. In input mode, ADC or external reference voltage input are also available. — Low byte pins (P2.0–P2.3): AD0–AD3 — High byte pins (P2.4–P2.7): AD4–AD7, VBLDREF Port 2 Control Registers (P2CONH, P2CONL) Port 2 has two 8-bit control registers: P2CONH for P2.4–P2.7 and P2CONL for P2.0-P2.3. A reset clears the P2CONH and P2CONL registers also control the alternative functions. Port 2 Control Register, High Byte (P2CONH) E8H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P2.4 (AD4) P2.6 (AD6) P2.5 (AD5) P2.7 (AD7/VBLDREF) P2CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 01 10 11 Input mode Input mode, pull-up Output mode, push-pull Alternative function (AD4-AD7, BLD external input enable) Figure 9-9. Port 2 High-Byte Control Register (P2CONH) 9-9 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 2 Control Register,Low Byte (P2CONL) E9H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P2.0 (AD0) P2.1 (AD1) P2.2 (AD2) P2.3 (AD3) P2CONL bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Input mode, pull-up 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (AD0-AD3) Figure 9-10. Port 2 Low-Byte Control Register (P2CONL) 9-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 3 Port 3 is an 6-bit I/O port with individually configurable pins. Port 3 pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 3 data register, P3 at location F3H in set 1, bank 1. P3.0–P3.5 can serve as inputs (with or without pullups), as push-pull outputs. And the P3.0–P3.3 can serve as segment pins for LCD or you can configure the following alternative functions: — Low-byte pins (P3.0–P3.3): TBPWM, TAOUT, TAPWM, TACLK, TACAP — High-byte pins (P3.4–P3.6): TxD, RxD Port 3 Control Registers (P3CONH, P3CONL) Port 3 has two 8-bit control registers: P3CONH for P3.4–P3.5 and P3CONL for P3.0–P3.3. A reset clears the P3CONH and P3CONL registers to “00H”, configuring all pins to input mode. You use control registers settings to select input or output mode, enable pull-up resistors, and enable the alternative functions. When programming this port, please remember that any alternative peripheral I/O function you configure using the port 3 control registers must also be enabled in the associated peripheral module. Port 3 Control high Register, High Byte (P3CONH) EAH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 P3.5 (RxD) Not used P3.1/TAOUT/TAWM/SEG35 control bit: 0 1 .2 .1 .0 LSB P3.4 (TxD) P3CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: Enable TAOUT/TAPWM output at P3.1 Enable SEG35 output at P3.1 00 01 10 11 Input mode (RxD) Input mode, pull-up (RxD) Output mode, push-pull Alternative function (RxD/TxD) P3.0/TBPWM/SEG control bit: 0 1 NOTE: Enable TBPWM output at P3.0 Enable SEG34 output at P3.0 The TAOUT, TAPWM or SEG35 outputs depend on P3CONL.3-P3CONL.2. The TBPWM or SEG34 outputs depend on P3CONL.1-P3CONL.0. Figure 9-11. Port 3 High-Byte Control Register (P3CONH) 9-11 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 3 Control Register, Low Byte (P3CONL) EBH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 P3.1/TAOUT P3.2/TACLK /TAPWM P3.3/TACAP /SEG36 /SEG35 /SEG37 .1 .0 LSB P3.0/TBPWM /SEG34 P3CONL bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode (TACAP, TACLK) 01 10 11 Input mode, pull-up (TACAP, TACLK) Output mode, push-pull Alternative function (TAOUT,TAPWM, TBPWM, SEG37-SEG34) Figure 9-12. Port 3 Low-Byte Control Register (P3CONL) 9-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 4 Port 4 is an 8-bit I/O port with individually configurable pins. Port 4 pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 4 data register, P4 at location F4H in set 1, bank 1. P4.0–P4.7 can serve as inputs (with or without pullups), as output (open drain or push-pull). And, they can serve as segment pins for LCD also. Port 4 Control Registers (P4CONH, P4CONL) Port 4 has two 8-bit control registers: P4CONH for P4.4–P4.7 and P4CONL for P4.0–P4.3. A reset clears the P4CONH and P4CONL registers to “00H”, configuring all pins to input mode. Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P4PUR) Using the Port 4 pull-up resistor enable register, P4PUR (EEH, set 1, bank 1), you can configure pull-up resistors to individual port 4 pins. Port 4 Control Register, High Byte (P4CONH) ECH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P4.4/SEG22 P4.5/SEG23 P4.6/SEG24 P4.7/SEG25 P4CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (SEG25-SEG22) Figure 9-13. Port 4 High-Byte Control Register (P4CONH) 9-13 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 4 Control Register, Low Byte (P4CONL) EDH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P4.0/SEG18 P4.1/SEG19 P4.2/SEG20 P4.3/SEG21 P4CONL bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (SEG21-SEG18) Figure 9-14. Port 4 Low-Byte Control Register (P4CONL) Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P4PUR) EEH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 P4.7 P4.6 P4.5 P4.4 P4.3 P4.2 P4.1 P4.0 LSB P4PUR bit configuration settings: 0 Pull-up Disable 1 Pull-up Enable Figure 9-15. Port 4 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P4PUR) 9-14 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 5 Port 5 is an 8-bit I/O port with individually configurable pins. Port 5 pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 5 data register, P5 at location F5H in set 1, bank 1. P5.0–P5.7 can serve as inputs (with without pull-ups), as output (open drain or push-pull). And, they can serve as segment pins for LCD also. Port 5 Control Registers (P5CONH, P5CONL) Port 5 has two 8-bit control registers: P5CONH for P5.4–P5.7 and P5CONL for P5.0–P5.3. A reset clears the P5CONH and P5CONL registers to “00H”, configuring all pins to input mode. Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P5PUR) Using the port 5 pull-up resistor enable register, P5PUR (EFH, set1, bank1), you can configure pull-up resistors to individual port 5 pins. Port 5 Control Register, High Byte (P5CONH) F9H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P5.4/SEG30 P5.5/SEG31 P5.6/SEG32 P5.7/SEG33 P5CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (SEG33-SEG30) Figure 9-16. Port 5 High-Byte Control Register (P5CONH) 9-15 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 5 Control Register, Low Byte (P5CONL) FAH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P5.0/SEG26 P5.1/SEG27 P5.2/SEG28 P5.3/SEG29 P5CONL bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Output mode, N-channel open-drain 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (SEG29-SEG26) Figure 9-17. Port 5 Low-Byte Control Register (P5CONL) Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P5PUR) EFH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 P5.7 P5.6 P5.5 P5.4 P5.3 P5.2 P5.1 P5.0 LSB P5PUR bit configuration settings: 0 Pull-up Disable 1 Pull-up Enable Figure 9-18. Port 5 Pull-up Resistor Enable Register (P5PUR) 9-16 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 6 Port 6 is an 8-bit I/O port with individually configurable pins. Port 6 pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 5 data register, P6 at location F6H in set 1, bank 1. P6.0–P6.7 can serve as inputs (with without pull-ups), as push-pull outputs. And, they can serve as segment pins for LCD also. Port 6 Control Registers (P6CONH, P6CONL) Port 6 has two 8-bit control registers: P6CONH for P6.4–P6.7 and P6CONL for P6.0–P6.3. A reset clears the P6CONH and P6CONL registers to “00H”, configuring all pins to input mode. Port 6 Control Register, High Byte (P6CONH) FBH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P6.4/SEG14 P6.5/SEG15 P6.6/SEG16 P6.7/SEG17 P6CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Input mode, pull-up 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (SEG17-SEG14) Figure 9-19. Port 6 High-byte Control Register (P6CONH) 9-17 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Port 6 Control Register, Low Byte (P6CONL) FCH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P6.0/SEG10 P6.1/SEG11 P6.2/SEG12 P6.3/SEG13 P6CONL bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Input mode, pull-up 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (SEG13-SEG10) Figure 9-20. Port 6 Low-byte Control Register (P6CONL) 9-18 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 I/O PORTS PORT 7 Port 7 is an 4-bit I/O port with individually configurable pins. Port 7 pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 7 data register, P7 at location F7H in set 1, bank 1. P7.0–P7.3 can serve as inputs (with without pull-ups), as push-pull outputs. And, they can serve as segment pins for LCD also. Port 7 Control Registers (P7CON) Port 7 has a 8-bit control registers: P7CON for P7.0–P7.3. A reset clears the P7CON register to “00H”, configuring all pins to input mode. Port 7 Control Register (P7CON) FDH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB P7.0/SEG6 P7.1/SEG7 P7.2/SEG8 P7.3/SEG9 P7CONH bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Input mode, pull-up 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (SEG9-SEG6) Figure 9-21. Port 7 Control Register (P7CON) 9-19 I/O PORTS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PORT 8 Port 8 is an 8-bit I/O port with individually configurable pins. Port 8 pins are accessed directly by writing or reading the port 8 data register, P8 at location F8H in set 1, bank 1. P8.0–P8.7 can serve as inputs (with without pull-ups), as push-pull outputs. And, they can serve as segment pins for LCD also. Port 8 Control Registers (P8CON) Port 8 has a 8-bit control registers: P8CON for P8.0–P8.7. A reset clears the P8CON register to “00H”, configuring all pins to input mode. Port 8 Control Register (P8CON) FEH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 P8.7-P8.4 /COM7-COM4 /SEG5-SEG2 .4 P8.3/COM3 /SEG1 .3 .2 P8.2/COM2 /SEG0 .1 .0 LSB P8.1-P8.0 /COM1-COM0 P8CON bit-pair pin configuration settings: 00 Input mode 01 Input mode, pull-up 10 Output mode, push-pull 11 Alternative function (COM7-COM0/SEG5-SEG0) Figure 9-22. Port 8 Control Register (P8CON) 9-20 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 10 BASIC TIMER BASIC TIMER OVERVIEW S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 has an 8-bit basic timer . BASIC TIMER (BT) You can use the basic timer (BT) in two different ways: — As a watchdog timer to provide an automatic reset mechanism in the event of a system malfunction, or — To signal the end of the required oscillation stabilization interval after a reset or a Stop mode release. The functional components of the basic timer block are: — Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 4096, 1024, 128, or 16) with multiplexer — 8-bit basic timer counter, BTCNT (set 1, Bank 0, FDH, read-only) — Basic timer control register, BTCON (set 1, D3H, read/write) BASIC TIMER CONTROL REGISTER (BTCON) The basic timer control register, BTCON, is used to select the input clock frequency, to clear the basic timer counter and frequency dividers, and to enable or disable the watchdog timer function. It is located in set 1, address D3H, and is read/write addressable using Register addressing mode. A reset clears BTCON to "00H". This enables the watchdog function and selects a basic timer clock frequency of fxx/4096. To disable the watchdog function, you must write the signature code "1010B" to the basic timer register control bits BTCON.7–BTCON.4. The 8-bit basic timer counter, BTCNT (set 1, bank 0, FDH), can be cleared at any time during the normal operation by writing a "1" to BTCON.1. To clear the frequency dividers, write a "1" to BTCON.0. 10-1 BASIC TIMER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Basic TImer Control Register (BTCON) D3H, Set 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 Watchdog timer enable bits: 1010B = Disable watchdog function Other value = Enable watchdog function .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Divider clear bit: 0 = No effect 1= Clear dvider Basic timer counter clear bit: 0 = No effect 1= Clear BTCNT Basic timer input clock selection bits: 00 = fXX/4096 01 = fXX/1024 10 = fXX/128 11 = fXX/16 Figure 10-1. Basic Timer Control Register (BTCON) 10-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BASIC TIMER BASIC TIMER FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Watchdog Timer Function You can program the basic timer overflow signal (BTOVF) to generate a reset by setting BTCON.7–BTCON.4 to any value other than "1010B". (The "1010B" value disables the watchdog function.) A reset clears BTCON to "00H", automatically enabling the watchdog timer function. A reset also selects the CPU clock (as determined by the current CLKCON register setting), divided by 4096, as the BT clock. The MCU is resented whenever a basic timer counter overflow occurs, During normal operation, the application program must prevent the overflow, and the accompanying reset operation, from occurring, To do this, the BTCNT value must be cleared (by writing a “1” to BTCON.1) at regular intervals. If a system malfunction occurs due to circuit noise or some other error condition, the BT counter clear operation will not be executed and a basic timer overflow will occur, initiating a reset. In other words, during the normal operation, the basic timer overflow loop (a bit 7 overflow of the 8-bit basic timer counter, BTCNT) is always broken by a BTCNT clear instruction. If a malfunction does occur, a reset is triggered automatically. Oscillation Stabilization Interval Timer Function You can also use the basic timer to program a specific oscillation stabilization interval after a reset or when stop mode has been released by an external interrupt. In stop mode, whenever a reset or an external interrupt occurs, the oscillator starts. The BTCNT value then starts increasing at the rate of fxx/4096 (for reset), or at the rate of the preset clock source (for an external interrupt). When BTCNT.4 overflows, a signal is generated to indicate that the stabilization interval has elapsed and to gate the clock signal off to the CPU so that it can resume the normal operation. In summary, the following events occur when stop mode is released: 1. During the stop mode, a power-on reset or an external interrupt occurs to trigger the Stop mode release and oscillation starts. 2. If a power-on reset occurred, the basic timer counter will increase at the rate of fxx/4096. If an interrupt is used to release stop mode, the BTCNT value increases at the rate of the preset clock source. 3. Clock oscillation stabilization interval begins and continues until bit 4 of the basic timer counter overflows. 4. When a BTCNT.4 overflow occurs, the normal CPU operation resumes. 10-3 BASIC TIMER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 RESET or STOP Bit 1 Bits 3, 2 Basic Timer Control Register (Write '1010xxxxB' to Disable) Data Bus fXX/4096 Clear fXX/1024 fXX DIV fXX/128 MUX 8-Bit Up Counter (BTCNT, Read-Only) OVF fXX/16 R Start the CPU (NOTE) Bit 0 NOTE: During a power-on reset operation, the CPU is idle during the required oscillation stabilization interval (until bit 4 of the basic timer counter overflows). Figure 10-2. Basic Timer Block Diagram 10-4 RESET S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 11 8-BIT TIMER A/B 8-BIT TIMER A/B 8-BIT TIMER A OVERVIEW The 8-bit timer A is an 8-bit general-purpose timer/counter. Timer A has three operating modes, one of which you select using the appropriate TACON setting: — Interval timer mode (Toggle output at TAOUT pin) — Capture input mode with a rising or falling edge trigger at the TACAP pin — PWM mode (TAPWM) Timer A has the following functional components: — Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 1024, 256, 64, 8 or 1) with multiplexer — External clock input pin (TACLK) — 8-bit counter (TACNT), 8-bit comparator, and 8-bit reference data register (TADATA) — I/O pins for capture input (TACAP) or PWM or match output (TAPWM, TAOUT) — Timer A overflow interrupt (IRQ0, vector DEH) and match/capture interrupt (IRQ0, vector DCH) generation — Timer A control register, TACON (set 1, Bank 0, E8H, read/write) 11-1 8-BIT TIMER A/B S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 TIMER A CONTROL REGISTER (TACON) You use the timer A control register, TACON, to — — — — — Select the timer A operating mode (interval timer, capture mode, or PWM mode) Select the timer A input clock frequency Clear the timer A counter, TACNT Enable the timer A overflow interrupt or timer A match/capture interrupt Clear timer A match/capture interrupt pending condition TACON is located in set 1, Bank 0 at address E8H, and is read/write addressable using Register addressing mode. A reset clears TACON to '00H'. This sets timer A to normal interval timer mode, selects an input clock frequency of fxx/1024, and disables all timer A interrupts. You can clear the timer A counter at any time during normal operation by writing a "1" to TACON.2. The timer A overflow interrupt (TAOVF) is interrupt level IRQ0 and has the vector address DEH. When a timer A overflow interrupt occurs and is serviced by the CPU, the pending condition is cleared automatically by hardware or must be cleared by software. To enable the timer A match/capture interrupt (IRQ0, vector DCH), you must write TACON.1 to "1". To detect a match/capture interrupt pending condition, the application program polls INTPND.1. When a "1" is detected, a timer A match or capture interrupt is pending. When the interrupt request has been serviced, the pending condition must be cleared by software by writing a "0" to the timer A match/capture interrupt pending bit, INTPND.1. Timer A Control Register (TACON) E8H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 Timer A input clock selection bits: 000 = fXX/1024 001 = fXX/256 010 = fXX/64 011 = fxx/8 100 = fxx 101 = External clock (TACLK) falling edge 110 = External clock (TACLK) rising edge 111 = Counter stop .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Timer A overflow interrupt enable bit: 0 = Disable oveflow interrupt 1 = Enable overflow interrupt Timer A match/capture interrupt enable bit: 0 = DIsable interrupt 1 = Enable interrupt Timer A counter clear bit: 0 = No effect 1 = Clear the timer A counter (when write) Timer A operating mode selection bits: 00 = Interval mode (TAOUT) 01 = Capture mode (capture on rising edge, Counter running, OVF can occur) 10 = Capture mode (Capture on falling edge, Counter running, OVF can occur) 11 = PWM mode (OVF interrupt can occur) Figure 11-1. Timer A Control Register (TACON) 11-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 8-BIT TIMER A/B TIMER A FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Timer A Interrupts (IRQ0, Vectors DCH and DEH) The timer A can generate two interrupts: the timer A overflow interrupt (TAOVF), and the timer A match/ capture interrupt (TAINT). TAOVF is interrupt level IRQ0, vector DEH. TAINT also belongs to interrupt level IRQ0, but is assigned the separate vector address, DCH. A timer A overflow interrupt pending condition is automatically cleared by hardware when it has been serviced or should be cleared by software in the interrupt service routine by writing a “0” to the INTPND.0 interrupt pending bit. However, the timer A match/capture interrupt pending condition must be cleared by the application’s interrupt service routine by writing a "0" to the INTPND.1 interrupt pending bit. Interval Timer Mode In interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the value written to the timer A reference data register, TADATA. The match signal generates a timer A match interrupt (TAINT, vector DCH) and clears the counter. If, for example, you write the value "10H" to TADATA, the counter will increment until it reaches “10H”. At this point, the timer A interrupt request is generated, the counter value is reset, and counting resumes. With each match, the level of the signal at the timer A output pin is inverted (see Figure 11-2). Interrupt Enable/Disable Capture Signal CLK 8-Bit Up Counter 8-Bit Comparator TACON.1 R (Clear) M U X Match TAINT (IRQ0) INTPND.1 (Match INT) Pending TAOUT Timer A Buffer Register TACON.4-.3 Match Signal TACON.2 TAOVF Timer A Data Register Figure 11-2 Simplified Timer A Function Diagram: Interval Timer Mode 11-3 8-BIT TIMER A/B S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Pulse Width Modulation Mode Pulse width modulation (PWM) mode lets you program the width (duration) of the pulse that is output at the TAPWM pin. As in interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the value written to the timer A data register. In PWM mode, however, the match signal does not clear the counter. Instead, it runs continuously, overflowing at "FFH", and then continues incrementing from "00H". Although you can use the match signal to generate a timer A overflow interrupt, interrupts are not typically used in PWM-type applications. Instead, the pulse at the TAPWM pin is held to Low level as long as the reference data value is less than or equal to ( ≤ ) the counter value and then the pulse is held to High level for as long as the data value is greater than ( > ) the counter value. One pulse width is equal to tCLK × 256 (see Figure 11-3). TACON.0 Capture Signal Interrupt Enable/Disable TACON.1 TAOVF(IRQ0) CLK 8-Bit Up Counter 8-Bit Comparator INTPND.0 (Overflow INT) M U X Match Timer A Buffer Register TAINT (IRQ0) INTPND.1 Pending TACON.4-.3 Match Signal TACON.2 TAOVF Timer A Data Register Figure 11-3. Simplified Timer A Function Diagram: PWM Mode 11-4 (Match INT) TAPWM Output High level when data > counter, Lower level when data < counter S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 8-BIT TIMER A/B Capture Mode In capture mode, a signal edge that is detected at the TACAP pin opens a gate and loads the current counter value into the timer A data register. You can select rising or falling edges to trigger this operation. Timer A also gives you capture input source: the signal edge at the TACAP pin. You select the capture input by setting the values of the timer A capture input selection bits in the port 3 control register, P3CONL.7–.6, (set 1, bank 1, EBH). When P3CONL.7–.6 is "00", the TACAP input is selected. Both kinds of timer A interrupts can be used in capture mode: the timer A overflow interrupt is generated whenever a counter overflow occurs; the timer A match/capture interrupt is generated whenever the counter value is loaded into the timer A data register. By reading the captured data value in TADATA, and assuming a specific value for the timer A clock frequency, you can calculate the pulse width (duration) of the signal that is being input at the TACAP pin (see Figure 11-4). TACON.0 TAOVF(IRQ0) CLK 8-Bit Up Counter INTPND.0 (Overflow INT) Interrupt Enable/Disable TACON.1 TACAP input (P3.3) Match Signal TACON.4-.3 M U X TAINT (IRQ0) INTPND.1 (Capture INT) Pending TACON.4-.3 Timer A Data Register Figure 11-4. Simplified Timer A Function Diagram: Capture Mode 11-5 8-BIT TIMER A/B S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BLOCK DIAGRAM TACON.0 TAOVF OVF TACON.7-.5 INTPND.0 (IRQ0) Data Bus TACON.2 fXX/1024 fXX/256 fXX/64 fXX/8 fXX/1 8 M U 8-bit Up-Counter (Read Only) Clear R TACON.1 TACLK X M 8-bit Comparator TACAP M U X Match U TAINT INTPND.1 X TAOUT TAPWM Timer A Buffer Register TACON.4-.3 TACON.4-.3 Match Signal TACON.2 TAOVF Timer A Data Register 8 Data Bus Figure 11-5. Timer A Functional Block Diagram 11-6 (IRQ0) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 8-BIT TIMER A/B 8-BIT TIMER B OVERVIEW The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 micro-controller has an 8-bit counter called timer B. Timer B, which can be used to generate the carrier frequency of a remote controller signal. Pending condition of timer B is cleared automatically by hardware. Timer B has two functions: — As a normal interval timer, generating a timer B interrupt at programmed time intervals. — To supply a clock source to the 8-bit timer/counter module, timer B, for generating the timer B overflow interrupt. Timer B Control Register (TBCON) F2H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Timer B output flip-flop control bit: 0 = TBOF is low 1 = TBOF is high Timer B input clock selection bits: 00 = fxx 01 = fxx/2 10 = fxx/4 11 = fxx/8 Timer B interrupt time selection bits: 00 = Elapsed time for low data value 01 = Elapsed time for high data value 10 = Elapsed time for low and high data values 11 = Not available Timer B mode selection bit: 0 = One-shot mode 1 = Repeating mode Timer B start/stop bit: 0 = Stop timer B 1 = Start timer B Timer B interrupt enable bit: 0 = Disable interrupt 1 = Enable interrupt Figure 11-6. Timer B Control Register 11-7 8-BIT TIMER A/B S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BLOCK DIAGRAM TBCON.6-.7 TBCON.2 fXX/1 fXX/2 M CLK fXX/4 U fXX/8 X Repeat Control 8-bit Down Counter MUX Interrupt Control TBCON.0 (TBOF) To Other Block (TBPWM) TBCON.3 INT.GEN IRQ1 (TBINT) Timer B Data Low Byte Register TBCON.4-.5 Timer B Data High Byte Register 8 Data Bus NOTE: The value of the TBDATAL register is loaded into the 8-bit counter when the operation of the timer B starts. If a borrow occurs in the counter, the value of the TBDATAH register is loaded into the 8-bit counter. However, if the next borrow occurs, the value of the TBDATAL register is loaded into the 8-bit counter. Figure 11-7. Timer B Functional Block Diagram 11-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 8-BIT TIMER A/B TIMER B PULSE WIDTH CALCULATIONS tLOW tHIGH tLOW To generate the above repeated waveform consisted of low period time, tLOW, and high period time, tHIGH. When TBOF = 0, tLOW = (TBDATAL + 2) x 1/fx, 0H < TBDATAL < 100H, where fx = The selected clock. tHIGH = (TBDATAH + 2) x 1/fx, 0H < TBDATAH < 100H, where fx = The selected clock. When TBOF = 1, tLOW = (TBDATAH + 2) x 1/fx, 0H < TBDATAH < 100H, where fx = The selected clock. tHIGH = (TBDATAL + 2) x 1/fx, 0H < TBDATAL < 100H, where fx = The selected clock. To make tLOW = 24 us and tHIGH = 15 us. fOSC = 4 MHz, fx = 4 MHz/4 = 1 MHz When TBOF = 0, tLOW = 24 us = (TBDATAL + 2) /fx = (TBDATAL + 2) x 1us, TBDATAL = 22. tHIGH = 15 us = (TBDATAH + 2) /fx = (TBDATAH + 2) x 1us, TBDATAH = 13. When TBOF = 1, tHIGH = 15 us = (TBDATAL + 2) /fx = (TBDATAL + 2) x 1us, TBDATAL = 13. tLOW = 24 us = (TBDATAH + 2) /fx = (TBDATAH + 2) x 1us, TBDATAH = 22. 11-9 8-BIT TIMER A/B S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 0H Timer B Clock TBOF = '0' TBDATAL = 01-FFH TBDATAH = 00H Low TBOF = '0' TBDATAL = 00H TBDATAH = 01-FFH High TBOF = '0' TBDATAL = 00H TBDATAH = 00H Low TBOF = '1' TBDATAL = 00H TBDATAH = 00H High 0H 100H Timer B Clock TBOF = '1' TBDATAL = DEH TBDATAH = 1EH E0H TBOF = '0' TBDATAL = DEH TBDATAH = 1EH E0H TBOF = '1' TBDATAL = 7EH TBDATAH = 7EH TBOF = '0' TBDATAL = 7EH TBDATAH = 7EH 20H 20H 80H 80H 80H 80H Figure 11-8. Timer B Output Flip-Flop Waveforms in Repeat Mode 11-10 200H S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 8-BIT TIMER A/B PROGRAMMING TIP — To generate 38 kHz, 1/3duty signal through P3.0 This example sets Timer B to the repeat mode, sets the oscillation frequency as the Timer B clock source, and TBDATAH and TBDATAL to make a 38 kHz, 1/3 Duty carrier frequency. The program parameters are: 8.795 µ s 17.59 µ s 37.9 kHz 1/3 Duty — Timer B is used in repeat mode — Oscillation frequency is 4 MHz (0.25 µs) — TBDATAH = 8.795 µs/0.25 µs = 35.18, TBDATAL = 17.59 µs/0.25 µs = 70.36 — Set P3.0 to TBPWM mode. START ORG DI 0100H ; Reset address LD LD LD TBDATAL,#(70-2) TBDATAH,#(35-2) TBCON,#00000110B ; ; ; ; ; ; ; LD P3CONL,#02H ; Set P3.0 to TBPWM mode. ; This command generates 38 kHz, 1/3 duty pulse signal through P3.0. • • • Set 17.5 µs Set 8.75 µs Clock Source ← fxx Disable Timer B interrupt. Select repeat mode for Timer B. Start Timer B operation. Set Timer B Output flip-flop (TBOF) high. • • • 11-11 8-BIT TIMER A/B S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 PROGRAMMING TIP — To generate a one pulse signal through P3.0 This example sets Timer B to the one shot mode, sets the oscillation frequency as the Timer B clock source, and TBDATAH and TBDATAL to make a 40µs width pulse. The program parameters are: 40 µ s — Timer B is used in one shot mode — Oscillation frequency is 4 MHz (1 clock = 0.25 µs) — TBDATAH = 40 µs / 0.25 µs = 160, TBDATAL = 1 — Set P3.0 to TBPWM mode START ORG DI 0100H ; Reset address LD LD LD TBDATAH,# (160-2) TBDATAL,# 1 TBCON,#00000001B LD P3CONL, #02H ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; Set 40 µs Set any value except 00H Clock Source ← fOSC Disable Timer B interrupt. Select one shot mode for Timer B. Stop Timer B operation. Set Timer B output flip-flop (TBOF) high Set P3.0 to TBPWM mode. ; ; ; ; Start Timer B operation to make the pulse at this point. After the instruction is executed, 0.75 µs is required before the falling edge of the pulse starts. • • • • • Pulse_out: LD • • • 11-12 TBCON,#00000101B S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 12 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 16-BIT TIMER 0 OVERVIEW The 16-bit timer 0 is an 16-bit general-purpose timer. Timer 0 has the interval timer mode by using the appropriate T0CON setting. Timer 0 has the following functional components: — Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 256, 64, 8, or 1) with multiplexer — TBOF (from timer B) is one of the clock frequencies. — 16-bit counter (T0CNTH/L), 16-bit comparator, and 16-bit reference data register (T0DATAH/L) — Timer 0 interrupt (IRQ2, vector E2H) generation — Timer 0 control register, T0CON (set 1, Bank 0, E3H, read/write) FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Interval Timer Function The timer 0 module can generate an interrupt, the timer 0 match interrupt (T0INT). T0INT belongs to interrupt level IRQ2, and is assigned the separate vector address, E2H. The T0INT pending condition is automatically cleared by hardware when it has been serviced. Even though T0INT is disabled, the application’s service routine can detect a pending condition of T0INT by the software and execute it’s sub-routine. When this case is used, the T0INT pending bit must be cleared by the application subroutine by writing a “0” to the T0CON.0 pending bit. In interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the values written to the T0 reference data registers, T0DATAH/L. The match signal generates a timer 0 match interrupt (T0INT, vector E2H) and clears the counter. If, for example, you write the value 0010H to T0DATAH/L and 0FH to T0CON, the counter will increment until it reaches 10H. At this point, the T0 interrupt request is generated, the counter value is reset, and counting resumes. 12-1 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 TIMER 0 CONTROL REGISTER (T0CON) You use the timer 0 control register, T0CON, to — Enable the timer 0 operating (interval timer) — Select the timer 0 input clock frequency — Clear the timer 0 counter, T0CNT — Enable the timer 0 interrupt and clear timer 0 interrupt pending condition T0CON is located in set 1, bank 0, at address E3H, and is read/write addressable using register addressing mode. A reset clears T0CON to "00H". This sets timer 0 to disable interval timer mode, selects the TBOF, and disables timer 0 interrupt. You can clear the timer 0 counter at any time during normal operation by writing a “1” to T0CON.3 To enable the timer 0 interrupt (IRQ2, vector E2H), you must write T0CON.2, and T0CON.1 to "1". To generate the exact time interval, you should write T0CON.3 and 0, which cleared counter and interrupt pending bit. To detect an interrupt pending condition when T0INT is disabled, the application program polls pending bit, T0CON.0. When a "1" is detected, a timer 0 interrupt is pending. When the T0INT sub-routine has been serviced, the pending condition must be cleared by software by writing a "0" to the timer 0 interrupt pending bit, T0CON.0. Timer 0 Control Registers (T0CON) E3H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 Timer 0 input clock selection bits: 000 = TBOF 001 = fxx/256 010 = fxx/64 011 = fxx/8 1xx = fxx .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Timer 0 interrupt pending bit: 0 = No interrupt pending 0 = Clear pending bit (when write) 1 = Interrupt is pending Timer 0 interrupt enable bit: 0 = Disable interrupt 1 = Enable interrupt Not used Timer 0 count enable bit: 0 = Disable counting operation 1 = Enable counting operation Timer 0 counter clear bit: 0 = No affect 1 = Clear the timer 0 counter (when write) Figure 12-1. Timer 0 Control Register (T0CON) 12-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 BLOCK DIAGRAM Bits 7, 6, 5 Data Bus Bit 3 8 TBOF fxx/256 fxx/64 M 16-bit up-Counter H/L (Read Only) U Clear fxx/8 fxx/1 R Pending X 16-bit Comparator Bit 0 Match T0INT IRQ2 Bit 2 Timer 0 Buffer Reg Bit 1 Counter clear signal (T0CON.3) Timer 0 Data H/L Reg (Read/Write) 8 Data Bus Figure 12-2. Timer 0 Functional Block Diagram 12-3 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 16-BIT TIMER 1 OVERVIEW The 16-bit timer 1 is an 16-bit general-purpose timer/counter. Timer 1 has three operating modes, one of which you select using the appropriate T1CON setting: — Interval timer mode (Toggle output at T1OUT pin) — Capture input mode with a rising or falling edge trigger at the T1CAP pin — PWM mode (T1PWM) Timer 1 has the following functional components: — Clock frequency divider (fxx divided by 1024, 256, 64, 8, or 1) with multiplexer — External clock input pin (T1CLK) — 16-bit counter (T1CNTH/L), 16-bit comparator, and 16-bit reference data register (T1DATAH/L) — I/O pins for capture input (T1CAP), or PWM or match output (T1PWM, T1OUT) — Timer 1 overflow interrupt (IRQ3, vector E6H) and match/capture interrupt (IRQ3, vector E4H) generation — Timer 1 control register, T1CON (set 1, Bank 0, EBH, read/write) 12-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 TIMER 1 CONTROL REGISTER (T1CON) You use the timer 1 control register, T1CON, to — Select the timer 1 operating mode (interval timer, capture mode, or PWM mode) — Select the timer 1 input clock frequency — Clear the timer 1 counter, T1CNTH/T1CNTL — Enable the timer 1 overflow interrupt or timer 1 match/capture interrupt — Clear timer 1 match/capture interrupt pending conditions T1CON is located in set 1 and Bank 0 at address EBH, and is read/write addressable using Register addressing mode. A reset clears T1CON to ‘00H’. This sets timer 1 to normal interval timer mode, selects an input clock frequency of fxx/1024, and disables all timer 1 interrupts. To disable the counter operation, please set T1CON.7-.5 to 111B. You can clear the timer 1 counter at any time during normal operation by writing a “1” to T1CON.3. The timer 1 overflow interrupt (T1OVF) is interrupt level IRQ3 and has the vector address E6H. When a timer 1 overflow interrupt occurs and is serviced interrupt (IRQ3, vector E4H), you must write T1CON.1 to “1”. To generate the exact time interval, you should write T1CON by the CPU, the pending condition is cleared automatically by hardware. To enable the timer 1 match/capture which clear counter and interrupt pending bit. To detect a match/capture or overflow interrupt pending condition when T1INT or T1OVF is disabled, the application program should poll the pending bit. When a “1” is detected, a timer 1 match/capture or overflow interrupt is pending. When her sub-routine has been serviced, the pending condition must be cleared by software by writing a “0” to the interrupt pending bit. Timer 1 Control Register (T1CON) EBH, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 Timer 1 input clock selection bits: 000 = fXX/1024 001 = fXX/256 010 = fXX/64 011 = fXX/8 100 = fXX/1 101 = External clock (T1CLK) falling edge 110 = External clock (T1CLK) rising edge 111 = Counter stop .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Timer 1 overflow interrupt enable: 0 = Disable overflow interrupt 1 = Enable overflow interrupt Timer 1 match/capture interrupt enable bit: 0 = Disable interrupt 1 = Enable interrupt Timer 1 counter clear bit: 0 = No effect 1 = Clear the timer 1 counter(when write) Timer 1 operating mode selection bits: 00 = Interval mode(T1OUT) 01 = Capture mode (capture on rising edge, counter running, OVF can occur) 10 = Capture mode (capture on falling edge, counter running, OVF can occur) 11 = PWM mode (OVF and match interrupt can occur) Figure 12-3. Timer 1 Control Register (T1CON) 12-5 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 TIMER 1 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION Timer 1 Interrupts (IRQ2, Vectors E4H and E6H) The timer 1 can generate two interrupts: the timer 1 overflow interrupt (T1OVF), and the timer 1 match/ capture interrupt (T3INT). T3OVF is belongs to interrupt level IRQ3, vector E6H. T1INT also belongs to interrupt level IRQ3, but is assigned the separate vector address, E4H. A timer 1 overflow interrupt pending condition is automatically cleared by hardware when it has been serviced or should be cleared by software in the interrupt service routine by writing a “0” to the INTPND.2 interrupt pending bit. However, the timer 1 match/capture interrupt pending condition must be cleared by the application’s interrupt service routine by writing a "0" to the INTPND.3 interrupt pending bit. Interval Timer Mode In interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the value written to the timer 1 reference data register, T1DATAH/T1DATAL. The match signal generates a timer 1 match interrupt (T1INT, vector E4H) and clears the counter. If, for example, you write the value "1087H" to T1DATAH/T1DATAL, the counter will increment until it reaches “1087H”. At this point, the timer 1 interrupt request is generated, the counter value is reset, and counting resumes. With each match, the level of the signal at the timer 1 output pin is inverted (see Figure 12-4). Interrupt Enable/Disable Capture Signal CLK 16-Bit Up Counter 16-Bit Comparator T1CON.1 R (Clear) M U X Match T1INT (IRQ3) INTPND.3 (Match INT) Pending T1OUT Timer 1 Buffer Register T1CON.4-.3 Match Signal T1CON.2 T1OVF Timer 1 Data Register Figure 12-4. Simplified Timer 1 Function Diagram: Interval Timer Mode 12-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 Pulse Width Modulation Mode Pulse width modulation (PWM) mode lets you program the width (duration) of the pulse that is output at the T1PWM pin. As in interval timer mode, a match signal is generated when the counter value is identical to the value written to the timer 1 data register. In PWM mode, however, the match signal does not clear the counter. Instead, it runs continuously, overflowing at "FFFFH", and then continues incrementing from "0000H". Although you can use the match signal to generate a timer 1 overflow interrupt, interrupts are not typically used in PWM-type applications. Instead, the pulse at the T1PWM pin is held to Low level as long as the reference data value is less than or equal to ( ≤ ) the counter value and then the pulse is held to High level for as long as the data value is greater than ( > ) the counter value. One pulse width is equal to tCLK × 65536 (see Figure 12-5). T1CON.0 Capture Signal Interrupt Enable/Disable T1CON.1 T1OVF(IRQ3) CLK 16-Bit Up Counter 16-Bit Comparator INTPND.2 (Overflow INT) M U X Match Timer 1 Buffer Register T1INT (IRQ3) INTPND.3 Pending T1CON.4-.3 Match Signal T1CON.2 T1OVF (Match INT) T1PWM Output High level when data > counter, Lower level when data < counter Timer 1 Data Register Figure 12-5. Simplified Timer 1 Function Diagram: PWM Mode 12-7 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Capture Mode In capture mode, a signal edge that is detected at the T1CAP pin opens a gate and loads the current counter value into the timer 1 data register. You can select rising or falling edges to trigger this operation. Timer 1 also gives you capture input source: the signal edge at the T1CAP pin. You select the capture input by setting the values of the timer 1 capture input selection bits in the port 1 control register, P1CONH.1–.0, (set 1, bank 1, E6H). When P1CONH.1–.0 is "00", the T1CAP input is selected. Both kinds of timer 1 interrupts can be used in capture mode: the timer 1 overflow interrupt is generated whenever a counter overflow occurs; the timer 1 match/capture interrupt is generated whenever the counter value is loaded into the timer 1 data register. By reading the captured data value in T1DATAH/T1DATAL, and assuming a specific value for the timer 1 clock frequency, you can calculate the pulse width (duration) of the signal that is being input at the T1CAP pin (see Figure 12-6). T1CON.0 T1OVF(IRQ3) CLK 16-Bit Up Counter INTPND.2 (Overflow INT) Interrupt Enable/Disable T1CON.1 T1CAP input Match Signal T1CON.4-.3 M U X T1INT (IRQ3) INTPND.3 Pending T1CON.4-.3 Timer 1 Data Register Figure 12-6. Simplified Timer 1 Function Diagram: Capture Mode 12-8 (Capture INT) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 16-BIT TIMER 0/1 BLOCK DIAGRAM T1CON.0 T1OVF OVF T1CON.7-.5 INTPND.2 (IRQ3) Data Bus T1CON.2 fXX/1024 fXX/256 fXX/64 fXX/8 fXX/1 16 M U 16-bit Up-Counter (Read Only) Clear R T1CON.1 T1CLK X M 16-bit Comparator T1CAP M U X Match U T1INT INTPND.3 (IRQ3) X T1OUT T1PWM Timer 1 Buffer Register T1CON.4-.3 T1CON.4-.3 Match Signal T1CON.2 T1OVF Timer 1 Data Register 16 Data Bus Figure 12-7. Timer 1 Functional Block Diagram 12-9 S3C822B/F822B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 13 WATCH TIMER WATCH TIMER OVERVIEW Watch timer functions include real-time and watch-time measurement and interval timing for the system clock. To start watch timer operation, set bit 1 of the watch timer control register, WTCON.1 to "1". And if you want to service watch timer overflow interrupt (IRQ5, vector EEH), then set the WTCON.6 to “1”. The watch timer overflow interrupt pending condition (WTCON.0) must be cleared by software in the application’s interrupt service routine by means of writing a "0" to the WTCON.0 interrupt pending bit. After the watch timer starts and elapses a time, the watch timer interrupt pending bit (WTCON.0) is automatically set to "1", and interrupt requests commence in 3.91 ms, 0.25, 0.5 and 1-second intervals by setting Watch timer speed selection bits (WTCON.3–.2). The watch timer can generate a steady 0.5 kHz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, or 4 kHz signal to BUZ output pin for Buzzer. By setting WTCON.3 and WTCON.2 to "11b", the watch timer will function in high-speed mode, generating an interrupt every 3.91 ms. High-speed mode is useful for timing events for program debugging sequences. The watch timer supplies the clock frequency for the LCD controller (fLCD). Therefore, if the watch timer is disabled, the LCD controller does not operate. Watch timer has the following functional components: — Real Time and Watch-Time Measurement — Using a Main Clock Source or Sub clock — Clock Source Generation for LCD Controller (fLCD) — I/O pin for Buzzer Output Frequency Generator (BUZ) — Timing Tests in High-Speed Mode — Watch timer overflow interrupt (IRQ5, vector EEH) generation — Watch timer control register, WTCON (set 1, bank 0, D1H, read/write) 13-1 WATCH TIMER S3C822B/F822B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 WATCH TIMER CONTROL REGISTER (WTCON) The watch timer control register, WTCON is used to select the watch timer interrupt time and Buzzer signal, to enable or disable the watch timer function. It is located in set 1, bank 0 at address D1H, and is read/write addressable using register addressing mode. A reset clears WTCON to "00H". This disable the watch timer. So, if you want to use the watch timer, you must write appropriate value to WTCON. Watch Timer Control Register (WTCON) D1H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 Watch timer clock selection bit: 0 = Select main clock divided by 27 (fx/128) 1 = Select sub clock (fxt) Watch timer INT Enable/Disable bit: 0 = Disable watch timer INT 1 = Enable watch timer INT Buzzer signal selection bits: 00 = 0.5 kHz 01 = 1 kHz 10 = 2 kHz 11 = 4 kHz .3 .2 .1 .0 Watch timer interrupt pending bit: 0 = Interrupt request is not pending (Clear pending bit when write"0") 1 = Interrupt request is pending Watch timer Enable/Disable bit: 0 = Disable watch timer 1 = Enable watch timer Watch timer speed selection bits: 00 = Set watch timer interrupt to 1 s 01 = Set watch timer interrupt to 0.5 s 10 = Set watch timer interrupt to 0.25 s 11 = Set watch timer interrupt to 3.91 ms Figure 13-1. Watch Timer Control Register (WTCON) 13-2 LSB S3C822B/F822B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 WATCH TIMER WATCH TIMER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM WTCON.7 BUZ WTCON.6 WT INT Enable WTCON.6 WTCON.5 8 MUX WTCON.4 WTCON.3 WTCON.2 WTCON.1 WTINT fW/64 (0.5 kHz) fW/32 (1 kHz) fW/16 (2 kHz) fW/8 (4 kHz) Enable/Disable Selector Circuit WTCON.0 (IRQ5) WTCON.0 (Pending Bit) Clock Selector fW 32.768 kHz Frequency Dividing Circuit fW/27 fW/213 fW/214 fW/215 (1 Hz) fLCD = 1024 Hz, fBLD = 4096 Hz fXT fX/128 fX = Main clock (where fx = 4.19 MHz) fXT = Sub clock (32.768 kHz) fW = Watch timer frequency Figure 13-2. Watch Timer Circuit Diagram 13-3 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 14 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER OVERVIEW The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller can directly drive an up-to-256-dot (32 segments x 8 commons) LCD panel. Its LCD block has the following components: — LCD controller/driver — Display RAM for storing display data — 6 common/segment output pins (COM2/SEG0–COM7/SEG5) — 32 segment output pins (SEG6–SEG37) — 2 common output pins (COM0–COM1) — Four LCD operating power supply pins (VLC0–VLC3) — LCD bias by internal/external register The LCD control register, LCON, is used to turn the LCD display on and off, switch the current to the dividing resistors for the LCD display, and frame frequency. Data written to the LCD display RAM can be automatically transferred to the segment signal pins without any program control. When a subsystem clock is selected as the LCD clock source, the LCD display is enabled even in the main clock stop or idle mode. VLC0-VLC3 8-Bit Data Bus 4 8 LCD Controller/ Driver COM0-COM1 2 6 COM2-COM7 /SEG0-SEG5 SEG6-SEG37 32 Figure 14-1. LCD Function Diagram 14-1 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LCD CIRCUIT DIAGRAM SEG37/P3.3 Port Latch SEG/Port Driver SEG18/P4.0 SEG10/P6.0 Data Bus SEG6/P7.0 LCD Display RAM (F00H-F25H) COM7/SEG5/P8.7 fLCD COM/Port Driver COM3/SEG1/P8.3 COM2/SEG0/P8.2 COM1/P8.1 COM0/P8.0 Timing Controller LCON LCD Voltage Control Figure 14-2. LCD Circuit Diagram 14-2 VLC0 VLC1 VLC2 VLC3 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER LCD RAM ADDRESS AREA RAM addresses of page 15 are used as LCD data memory. These locations can be addressed by 1-bit or 8-bit instructions. If the bit value of a display segment is "1", the LCD display is turned on. If the bit value is "0", the display is turned off. Display RAM data are sent out through the segment pins, SEG0–SEG37, using the direct memory access (DMA) method that is synchronized with the fLCD signal. RAM addresses in this location that are not used for LCD display can be allocated to general-purpose use. COM Bit SEG0 SEG1 SEG2 SEG3 SEG4 ------ SEG36 SEG37 COM0 COM1 COM2 COM3 COM4 COM5 COM6 COM7 .0 .1 .2 .3 .4 .5 .6 .7 F00H F01H F02H F03H F04H ------ F24H F25H Figure 14-3. LCD Display Data RAM Organization 14-3 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LCD CONTROL REGISTER (LCON) A LCON is located in page 15 of set1, bank0 at address D0H, and is read/write addressable using register addressing mode. It has the following control functions. — LCD duty and bias selection — LCD clock selection — LCD display control — Internal/External LCD dividing resistors selection The LCON register is used to turn the LCD display on/off, to select duty and bias, to select LCD clock and control the flow of the current to the dividing in the LCD circuit. A reset clears the LCON registers to "00H", configuring turns off the LCD display, select 1/8 duty and 1/4 bias, select 128Hz for LCD clock, and Enable internal LCD dividing resistors. The LCD clock signal determines the frequency of COM signal scanning of each segment output. This is also referred as the LCD frame frequency. Since the LCD clock is generated by watch timer clock (fw). The watch timer should be enabled when the LCD display is turned on. LCD Control Register (LCON) D0H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 Internal LCD dividing register enable bit: 0 = Enable internal LCD dividing resistors 1 = Disable internal LCD dividing resistors LCD clock selection bits: 00 = fw/28 (128 Hz) 01 = fw/27 (256 Hz) 10 = fw/26 (512 Hz) 11 = fw/25 (1024 Hz) .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB LCD display control bit: 0 = All LCD signals are low (Turn off the P-Tr) 1 = Turn display on (Turn on the P-Tr) Not used LCD duty and bias selection bits: 000 = 1/8 duty, 1/4 bias 001 = 1/4 duty, 1/3 bias 010 = 1/3 duty, 1/3 bias 011 = 1/3 duty, 1/2 bias 1xx = 1/2 duty, 1/2 bias NOTES: 1. 2. 3. "x" means don't care. When 1/3 bias is selected, the bias levels are set as VLC0, VLC1, VLC2(VLC3), and VSS. When 1/2 bias is selected, the bias levels are set as VLC0, VLC1(VLC2, VLC3), and VSS. Figure 14-4. LCD Control Register (LCON) 14-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER LCD VOLTAGE DIVIDING RESISTOR 1/4 Bias 1/3 Bias S3C828B/C8289/C8285 S3C828B/C8289/C8285 VDD VDD LCON.0 LCON.0 VLC0 VLC1 VLC2 VLC3 VLC0 R R VLC1 LCON.7 = 0: Enable internal resistors VLC2 R VLC3 VLCD R R VLCD Voltage Dividing Resistor Adjustment S3C828B/C8289/C8285 S3C828B/C8289/C8285 VDD VDD LCON.0 LCON.0 VLC0 VLC3 LCON.7 = 0: Enable internal resistors VSS 1/2 Bias VLC2 R R VSS VLC1 R VLC0 R R R R VSS R' LCON.7 = 0: Enable internal resistors VLCD R' R' VLC1 VLC2 LCON.7 = 1: Disable internal resistors VLC3 VLCD R' VSS NOTES: 1. R = Internal LCD dividing resistors. The resistors can be disconnected by LCON.7. 2. R' = External LCD dividing resistors. 3. When 1/3 bias is selected, the bias levels are set as VLC0, VLC1, VLC2(VLC3), and VSS. Figure 14-5. LCD Voltage Dividing Resistor Connection 14-5 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 COMMON (COM) SIGNALS The common signal output pin selection (COM pin selection) varies according to the selected duty cycle. — In 1/8 duty mode, COM0-COM7 (SEG6–SEG37) pins are selected. — In 1/4 duty mode, COM0-COM3 (SEG2–SEG37) pins are selected. — In 1/3 duty mode, COM0-COM2 (SEG1–SEG37) pins are selected. — In 1/2 duty mode, COM0-COM1 (SEG0–SEG37) pins are selected. SEGMENT (SEG) SIGNALS The 38 LCD segment signal pins are connected to corresponding display RAM locations at page 15. Bits of the display RAM are synchronized with the common signal output pins. When the bit value of a display RAM location is "1", a select signal is sent to the corresponding segment pin. When the display bit is "0", a 'no-select' signal to the corresponding segment pin. 14-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Select LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER Non-Select FR 1 Frame VLC 0 VLC1,2,3 COM Vss VLC 0 VLC1,2,3 SEG Vss VLC 0 VLC1,2,3 COM-SEG Vss -VLC1,2,3 -VLC 0 Figure 14-6. Select/No-Select Signal in 1/2 Duty, 1/2 Bias Display Mode Select Non-Select FR 1 Frame COM VLC0 VLC1 VLC2,3 VSS SEG VLC0 VLC1 VLC2,3 VSS VLC0 VLC1 VLC2,3 VSS -VLC2,3 -VLC1 -VLC0 COM-SEG Figure 14-7. Select/No-Select Signal in 1/3 Duty, 1/3 Bias Display Mode 14-7 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER SEG3 SEG2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SEG1 0 1 2 0 1 2 VLC1 VSS COM0 1 Frame VLC0 COM1 VLC1 COM0 VLC2(VLC3) COM2 VSS VLC0 VLC1 COM1 VLC2(VLC3) VSS VLC0 VLC1 COM2 VLC2(VLC3) VSS VLC0 VLC1 SEG0 VLC2(VLC3) VSS VLC0 VLC1 SEG1 VLC2(VLC3) VSS + VLC0 + 1/3 VLC0 0V SEG0-COM0 - 1/3 VLC0 - VLC0 NOTE: VLC2 = VLC3 Figure 14-8. LCD Signal Waveforms (1/3 Duty, 1/3 Bias) 14-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER SEG2 SEG3 0 1 2 3 0 1 2 3 VLC1 VSS COM0 1 Frame COM1 VLC0 VLC1 COM2 COM0 VLC2(VLC3) VSS COM3 VLC0 VLC1 VLC2(VLC3) COM1 VSS VLC0 VLC1 COM2 VLC2(VLC3) VSS VLC0 VLC1 COM3 VLC2(VLC3) VSS VLC0 VLC1 VLC2(VLC3) SEG0 VSS VLC0 VLC1 SEG1 VLC2(VLC3) VSS + VLC0 + 1/3 VLC0 COM0-SEG0 0V - 1/3 VLC0 - VLC0 NOTE: VLC2 = VLC3 Figure 14-9. LCD Signal Waveforms (1/4 Duty, 1/3 Bias) 14-9 LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER COM0 COM1 COM2 COM3 COM4 COM5 COM6 COM7 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 VLC1 VSS FR 1 Frame VLC0 S E G 6 S E G 7 S E G 8 S S E E G G 9 10 COM0 VLC1 VLC2 VLC3 VSS VLC0 VLC1 COM1 VLC2 VLC3 VSS VLC0 VLC1 COM2 VLC2 VLC3 VSS VLC0 VLC1 SEG0 VLC2 VLC3 VSS VLC0 VLC1 VLC2 SEG5-COM0 VLC3 0V -VLC3 -VLC2 -VLC1 -VLC0 Figure 14-10. LCD Signal Waveforms (1/8 Duty, 1/4 Bias) 14-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 FR LCD CONTROLLER/DRIVER VLC1 VSS 1 Frame VLC0 VLC1 SEG6 VLC2 VLC3 VSS VLC0 VLC1 VLC2 SEG6-COM0 VLC3 0V -VLC3 -VLC2 -VLC1 -VLC0 Figure 14-10. LCD Signal Waveforms (1/8 Duty, 1/4 Bias) (Continued) 14-11 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 15 A/D CONVERTER 10-BIT ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER OVERVIEW The 10-bit A/D converter (ADC) module uses successive approximation logic to convert analog levels entering at one of the eight input channels to equivalent 10-bit digital values. The analog input level must lie between the AVREF and AVSS values. The A/D converter has the following components: — Analog comparator with successive approximation logic — D/A converter logic (resistor string type) — ADC control register (ADCON) — Eight multiplexed analog data input pins (AD0–AD7) — 10-bit A/D conversion data output register (ADDATAH/L) — 8-bit digital input port (Alternately, I/O port.) — AVREF and AVSS pins, AVSS is internally connected to VSS FUNCTION DESCRIPTION To initiate an analog-to-digital conversion procedure, at the first you must set ADCEN signal for ADC input enable at port 2, the pin set with 1 can be used for ADC analog input. And you write the channel selection data in the A/D converter control register ADCON.4–.6 to select one of the eight analog input pins (ADC0–7) and set the conversion start or enable bit, ADCON.0. The read-write ADCON register is located in set 1, bank 0, at address F3H. The pins witch are not used for ADC can be used for normal I/O. During a normal conversion, ADC logic initially sets the successive approximation register to 200H (the approximate half-way point of an 10-bit register). This register is then updated automatically during each conversion step. The successive approximation block performs 10-bit conversions for one input channel at a time. You can dynamically select different channels by manipulating the channel selection bit value (ADCON.6–4) in the ADCON register. To start the A/D conversion, you should set the enable bit, ADCON.0. When a conversion is completed, ADCON.3, the end-of-conversion (EOC) bit is automatically set to 1 and the result is dumped into the ADDATAH/L register where it can be read. The A/D converter then enters an idle state. Remember to read the contents of ADDATAH/L before another conversion starts. Otherwise, the previous result will be overwritten by the next conversion result. NOTE Because the A/D converter has no sample-and-hold circuitry, it is very important that fluctuation in the analog level at the AD0–AD7 input pins during a conversion procedure be kept to an absolute minimum. Any change in the input level, perhaps due to noise, will invalidate the result. If the chip enters to STOP or IDLE mode in conversion process, there will be a leakage current path in A/D block. You must use STOP or IDLE mode after ADC operation is finished. 15-1 A/D CONVERTER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 CONVERSION TIMING The A/D conversion process requires 4 steps (4 clock edges) to convert each bit and 10 clocks to set-up A/D conversion. Therefore, total of 50 clocks are required to complete an 10-bit conversion: When fxx/8 is selected for conversion clock with an 8 MHz fxx clock frequency, one clock cycle is 1 us. Each bit conversion requires 4 clocks, the conversion rate is calculated as follows: 4 clocks/bit × 10 bits + set-up time = 50 clocks, 50 clock × 1us = 50 µs at 1 MHz A/D CONVERTER CONTROL REGISTER (ADCON) The A/D converter control register, ADCON, is located at address F3H in set 1, bank 0. It has three functions: — Analog input pin selection (ADCON.6–.4) — End-of-conversion status detection (ADCON.3) — ADC clock selection (ADCON.2–.1) — A/D operation start or enable (ADCCON.0) After a reset, the start bit is turned off. You can select only one analog input channel at a time. Other analog input pins (AD0–AD7) can be selected dynamically by manipulating the ADCON.4–6 bits. And the pins not used for analog input can be used for normal I/O function. A/D Converter Control Register (ADCON) F3H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W (EOC bit is read-only) MSB .7 Always logic "0" .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Start or enable bit: 0 = Disable operation 1 = Start operation A/D input pin selection bits: Clock Selection bit: 0 0 0 = AD0 0 0 = fxx/16 0 0 1 = AD1 0 1 = fxx/8 0 1 0 = AD2 1 0 = fxx/4 0 1 1 = AD3 1 1 = fxx/1 1 0 0 = AD4 1 0 1 = AD5 1 1 0 = AD6 End-of-conversion bit: 1 1 1 = AD7 0 = Conversion not complete 1 = Conversion complete Figure 15-1. A/D Converter Control Register (ADCON) 15-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 A/D CONVERTER A/D Converter Data Register, High Byte (ADDATAH) F4H, Set 1, Bank 0, Read Only MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB A/D Converter Data Register, Low Byte (ADDATAL) F5H, Set 1, Bank 0, Read Only MSB .1 .0 LSB Figure 15-2. A/D Converter Data Register (ADDATAH/L) INTERNAL REFERENCE VOLTAGE LEVELS In the ADC function block, the analog input voltage level is compared to the reference voltage. The analog input level must remain within the range AVSS to AVREF (usually, AVREF ≤ VDD). Different reference voltage levels are generated internally along the resistor tree during the analog conversion process for each conversion step. The reference voltage level for the first conversion bit is always 1/2 AVREF. 15-3 A/D CONVERTER S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BLOCK DIAGRAM ADCON.2-.1 ADCON.6-.4 (Select one input pin of the assigned pins) To ADCON.3 (EOC Flag) Clock Selector ADCON.0 (AD/C Enable) M Input Pins ADC0-ADC7 (P2.0-P2.7) - .. . U Analog Comparator + Successive Approximation Logic & Register X ADCON.0 (AD/C Enable) P2CONH/L (Assign Pins to ADC Input) 10-bit D/A Converter Upper 8-bit is loaded to A/D Conversion Data Register AVREF AVSS Conversion Result (ADDATAH/L F4H/F5H, Set 1, Bank 0) Figure 15-3. A/D Converter Functional Block Diagram 15-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 A/D CONVERTER VDD Reference Voltage Input (AVREF ≤ VDD) AVREF 10 µF + - C 103 VDD Analog Input Pin AD0-AD7 C 101 S3C828B/9/5 AVSS Figure 15-4. Recommended A/D Converter Circuit for Highest Absolute Accuracy 15-5 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 16 SERIAL I/O INTERFACE SERIAL I/O INTERFACE OVERVIEW Serial I/O module, SIO can interface with various types of external device that require serial data transfer. The components of each SIO function block are: — 8-bit control register (SIOCON) — Clock selector logic — 8-bit data buffer (SIODATA) — 8-bit pre-scaler (SIOPS) — 3-bit serial clock counter — Serial data I/O pins (SI, SO) — External clock input/output pins (SCK) The SIO module can transmit or receive 8-bit serial data at a frequency determined by its corresponding control register settings. To ensure flexible data transmission rates, you can select an internal or external clock source. PROGRAMMING PROCEDURE To program the SIO modules, follow these basic steps: 1. Configure the I/O pins at port (SO, SCK, SI) by loading the appropriate value to the P1CONH register if necessary. 2. Load an 8-bit value to the SIOCON control register to properly configure the serial I/O module. In this operation, SIOCON.2 must be set to "1" to enable the data shifter. 3. For interrupt generation, set the serial I/O interrupt enable bit (SIOCON.1) to "1". 4. When you transmit data to the serial buffer, write data to SIODATA and set SIOCON.3 to 1, the shift operation starts. 5. When the shift operation (transmit/receive) is completed, the SIO pending bit (SIOCON.0) is set to "1" and an SIO interrupt request is generated. 16-1 SERIAL I/O INTERFACE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SIO CONTROL REGISTER (SIOCON) The control register for serial I/O interface module, SIOCON, is located at E0H in set 1, bank 0. It has the control settings for SIO module. — Clock source selection (internal or external) for shift clock — Interrupt enable — Edge selection for shift operation — Clear 3-bit counter and start shift operation — Shift operation (transmit) enable — Mode selection (transmit/receive or receive-only) — Data direction selection (MSB first or LSB first) A reset clears the SIOCON value to "00H". This configures the corresponding module with an internal clock source at the SCK, selects receive-only operating mode, and clears the 3-bit counter. The data shift operation and the interrupt are disabled. The selected data direction is MSB-first. Serial I/O Module Control Register (SIOCON) E0H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 SIO shift clock selection bit: 0 = Internal clock (P.S Clock) 1 = External clock (SCK) Data direction control bit: 0 = MSB-first mode 1 = LSB-first mode SIO mode selection bit: 0 = Receive only mode 1 = Transmit/receive mode Shift clock edge selection bit: 0 = TX at falling edges, Rx at rising edges 1 = TX at rising edges, Rx at falling edges .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB SIO interrupt pending bit: 0 = No interrupt pending 0 = Clear pending condition (when write) 1 = Interrupt is pending SIO interrupt enable bit: 0 = Disable SIO interrupt 1 = Enable SIO interrupt SIO shift operation enable bit: 0 = Disable shifter and clock counter 1 = Enable shifter and clock counter SIO counter clear and shift start bit: 0 = No action 1 = Clear 3-bit counter and start shifting Figure 16-1. Serial I/O Module Control Registers (SIOCON) 16-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SERIAL I/O INTERFACE SIO PRE-SCALER REGISTER (SIOPS) The control register for serial I/O interface module, SIOPS, is located at E2H in set 1, bank 0. The value stored in the SIO pre-scaler register, SIOPS, lets you determine the SIO clock rate (baud rate) as follows: Baud rate = Input clock (fxx/4)/(Pre-scaler value + 1), or SCK input clock, where the input clock is fxx/4 SIO Pre-scaler Register (SIOPS) E2H, Set 1, Bank 0 R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Baud rate = (fXX/4)/(SIOPS + 1) Figure 16-2. SIO Pre-scaler Register (SIOPS) BLOCK DIAGRAM CLK SIO INT 3-Bit Counter Clear SIOCON.0 IRQ4 Pending SIOCON.1 (Interrupt Enable) SIOCON.3 SIOCON.7 SIOCON.2 (Shift Enable) SIOCON.4 (Edge Select) M SCK SIOPS (E2H, bank 0) fxx/2 8-bit P.S. 1/2 U X SIOCON.5 (Mode Select) CLK 8-Bit SIO Shift Buffer (SIODATA, E1H, bank 0) 8 SO SIOCON.6 (LSB/MSB First Mode Select) SI Data Bus Figure 16-3. SIO Functional Block Diagram 16-3 SERIAL I/O INTERFACE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SERIAL I/O TIMING DIAGRAM SCK SI DI7 DI6 DI5 DI4 DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 SO DO7 DO6 DO5 DO4 DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0 Transmit Complete IRQS Set SIOCON.3 Figure 16-4. Serial I/O Timing in Transmit/Receive Mode (Tx at falling, SIOCON.4 = 0) SCK SI DI7 DI6 DI5 DI4 DI3 DI2 DI1 DI0 SO DO7 DO6 DO5 DO4 DO3 DO2 DO1 DO0 Transmit Complete IRQS Set SIOCON.3 Figure 16-5. Serial I/O Timing in Transmit/Receive Mode (Tx at rising, SIOCON.4 = 1) 16-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 17 UART UART OVERVIEW The UART block has a full-duplex serial port with programmable operating modes: There is one synchronous mode and three UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) modes: — Serial I/O with baud rate of fxx/(16 × (BRDATA+1)) — 8-bit UART mode; variable baud rate — 9-bit UART mode; fxx/16 — 9-bit UART mode, variable baud rate UART receive and transmit buffers are both accessed via the data register, UDATA, is set 1, bank 0 at address F7H. Writing to the UART data register loads the transmit buffer; reading the UART data register accesses a physically separate receive buffer. When accessing a receive data buffer (shift register), reception of the next byte can begin before the previously received byte has been read from the receive register. However, if the first byte has not been read by the time the next byte has been completely received, one of the bytes will be lost. In all operating modes, transmission is started when any instruction (usually a write operation) uses the UDATA register as its destination address. In mode 0, serial data reception starts when the receive interrupt pending bit (INTPND.5) is "0" and the receive enable bit (UARTCON.4) is "1". In mode 1, 2, and 3, reception starts whenever an incoming start bit ("0") is received and the receive enable bit (UARTCON.4) is set to "1". PROGRAMMING PROCEDURE To program the UART modules, follow these basic steps: 1. Configure P3.5 and P3.4 to alternative function (RxD (P3.5), TxD (P3.4)) for UART module by setting the P3CONH register to appropriately value. 2. Load an 8-bit value to the UARTCON control register to properly configure the UART I/O module. 3. For interrupt generation, set the UART I/O interrupt enable bit (UARTCON.1 or UARTCON.0) to "1". 4. When you transmit data to the UART buffer, write data to UDATA, the shift operation starts. 5. When the shift operation (transmit/receive) is completed, UART pending bit (INTPND.4 or INTPND.5) is set to "1" and an UART interrupt request is generated. 17-1 UART S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UART CONTROL REGISTER (UARTCON) The control register for the UART is called UARTCON in set 1, bank 0 at address F6H. It has the following control functions: — Operating mode and baud rate selection — Multiprocessor communication and interrupt control — Serial receive enable/disable control — 9th data bit location for transmit and receive operations (modes 2 and 3 only) — UART transmit and receive interrupt control A reset clears the UARTCON value to "00H". So, if you want to use UART module, you must write appropriate value to UARTCON. UART Control Register (UARTCON) F6H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB MS1 MS0 MCE RE TB8 RB8 RIE TIE LSB Transmit interrupt enable bit: 0 = Disable 1 = Enable Operating mode and baud rate selection bits: (see table below) Multiprocessor communication(1) enable bit (for modes 2 and 3 only): 0 = Disable 1 = Enable Serial data receive enable bit: 0 = Disable 1 = Enable Received interrupt enable bit: 0 = Disable 1 = Enable Location of the 9th data bit that was received in UART mode 2 or 3 ("0" or "1") Location of the 9th data bit to be transmitted in UART mode 2 or 3 ("0" or "1") MS1 MS0 Mode Description(2) Baud Rate 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 3 Shift register 8-bit UART 9-bit UART 9-bit UART (fxx /(16 x (BRDATA + 1))) (fxx /(16 x (BRDATA + 1))) (fxx /16) (fxx /(16 x (BRDATA + 1))) NOTES: 1. In mode 2 or 3, if the UARTCON.5 bit is set to "1" then the receive interrupt will not be activated if the received 9th data bit is "0". In mode 1, if UARTCON.5 = "1" then the receive interrut will not be activated if a valid stop bit was not received. In mode 0, the UARTCON.5 bit should be "0" 2. The descriptions for 8-bit and 9-bit UART mode do not include start and stop bits for serial data receive and transmit. 3. The interrupt pending bits of Rx and Tx are in the INTPND register. Figure 17-1. UART Control Register (UARTCON) 17-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UART UART INTERRUPT PENDING BITS The UART interrupt pending bits, INTPND.5–.4, are located in set 1, bank 0 at address F9H, it contains the UART data transmit interrupt pending bit (INTPND.4) and the receive interrupt pending bit (INTPND.5). In mode 0, the receive interrupt pending bit INTPND.5 is set to "1" when the 8th receive data bit has been shifted. In mode 1, 2, and 3, the INTPND.5 bit is set to "1" at the halfway point of the stop bit's shift time. When the CPU has acknowledged the receive interrupt pending condition, the INTPND.5 bit must then be cleared by software in the interrupt service routine. In mode 0, the transmit interrupt pending bit INTPND.4 is set to "1" when the 8th transmit data bit has been shifted. In mode 1, 2, or 3, the INTPND.4 bit is set at the start of the stop bit. When the CPU has acknowledged the transmit interrupt pending condition, the INTPND.4 bit must then be cleared by software in the interrupt service routine. Interrupt Pending Register (INTPND) F9H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 Not used .0 LSB Timer A overflow interrupt pending bit Timer A match/capture interrupt pending bit Timer 1 overflow interrupt pending bit Timer 1 match/capture interrupt pending bit Tx interrupt pending bit (for UART) Rx interrupt pending bit (for UART): 0 = Interrupt request is not pending, pending bit clear when write "0". 1 = Interrupt request is pending Figure 17-2. UART Interrupt Pending Bits (INTPND.5–.4) 17-3 UART S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UART DATA REGISTER (UDATA) UART Data Register (UDATA) F7H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Transmit or receive data Figure 17-3. UART Data Register (UDATA) UART BAUD RATE DATA REGISTER (BRDATA) The value stored in the UART baud rate register, BRDATA, lets you determine the UART clock rate (baud rate). UART Baud Rate Data Register (BRDATA) F8H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Baud rate data Figure 17-4. UART Baud Rate Data Register (BRDATA) BAUD RATE CALCULATIONS Mode 0 Baud Rate Calculation In mode 0, the baud rate is determined by the UART baud rate data register, BRDATA in set 1, bank 0 at address F8H: Mode 0 baud rate = fxx/(16 × (BRDATA + 1)). Mode 2 Baud Rate Calculation The baud rate in mode 2 is fixed at the fOSC clock frequency divided by 16: Mode 2 baud rate = fxx/16 Modes 1 and 3 Baud Rate Calculation In modes 1 and 3, the baud rate is determined by the UART baud rate data register, BRDATA in set 1, bank 0 at address F8H: Mode 1 and 3 baud rate = fxx/(16 × (BRDATA + 1)) 17-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UART Table 17-1. Commonly Used Baud Rates Generated by BRDATA Mode Baud Rate Oscillation Clock BRDATA Decimal Hexdecimal x x Mode 2 0.5 MHz 8 MHz Mode 0 Mode 1 Mode 3 230.400 Hz 11.0592 MHz 02 02H 115.200 Hz 11.0592 MHz 05 05H 57.600 Hz 11.0592 MHz 11 0BH 38.400 Hz 11.0592 MHz 17 11H 19.200 Hz 11.0592 MHz 35 23H 9.600 Hz 11.0592 MHz 71 47H 4.800 Hz 11.0592 MHz 143 8FH 62.500 Hz 10 MHz 09 09H 9.615 Hz 10 MHz 64 40H 38.461 Hz 8 MHz 12 0CH 12.500 Hz 8 MHz 39 27H 19.230 Hz 4 MHz 12 0CH 9.615 Hz 4 MHz 25 19H 17-5 UART S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BLOCK DIAGRAM SAM8 Internal Data Bus TB8 fxx MS0 MS1 BRDATA D CLK S CLK Baud Rate Generator Write to UDATA UARTDATA Q MS0 MS1 RxD (P3.5) Zero Detector TxD (P3.4) Shift Start Tx Control Tx Clock EN TIP Send TxD (P3.4) Shift Clock TIE IRQ3 Interrupt RIE RIP Rx Clock RE RIE Receive Rx Control Start 1-to-0 Transition Detector MS0 MS1 Shift Shift Value Bit Detector Shift Register UARTDATA RxD (P3.5) SAM8 Internal Data Bus Figure 17-5. UART Functional Block Diagram 17-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UART UART MODE 0 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION In mode 0, UART is input and output through the RxD (P3.5) pin and TxD (P3.4) pin outputs the shift clock. Data is transmitted or received in 8-bit units only. The LSB of the 8-bit value is transmitted (or received) first. Mode 0 Transmit Procedure 1. Select mode 0 by setting UARTCON.6 and .7 to "00B". 2. Write transmission data to the shift register UDATA (F7H, set 1, bank 0) to start the transmission operation. Mode 0 Receive Procedure 1. Select mode 0 by setting UARTCON.6 and .7 to "00B". 2. Clear the receive interrupt pending bit (INTPND.5) by writing a "0" to INTPND.5. 3. Set the UART receive enable bit (UARTCON.4) to "1". 4. The shift clock will now be output to the TxD (P3.4) pin and will read the data at the RxD (P3.5) pin. A UART receive interrupt (IRQ5, vector ECH) occurs when UARTCON.1 is set to "1". Write to Shift Register (UDATA) RxD (Data Out) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Transmit Shift D7 TxD (Shift Clock) TIP Write to UARTPND (Clear RIP and set RE) RIP Receive RE Shift D0 RxD (Data In) D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 TxD (Shift Clock) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 17-6. Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 0 Operation 17-7 UART S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SERIAL PORT MODE 1 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION In mode 1, 10-bits are transmitted (through the TxD (P3.4) pin) or received (through the RxD (P3.5) pin). Each data frame has three components: — Start bit ("0") — 8 data bits (LSB first) — Stop bit ("1") When receiving, the stop bit is written to the RB8 bit in the UARTCON register. The baud rate for mode 1 is variable. Mode 1 Transmit Procedure 1. Select the baud rate generated by BRDATA. 2. Select mode 1 (8-bit UART) by setting UARTCON bits 7 and 6 to '01B'. 3. Write transmission data to the shift register UDATA (F7H, set 1, bank 0). The start and stop bits are generated automatically by hardware. Mode 1 Receive Procedure 1. Select the baud rate to be generated by BRDATA. 2. Select mode 1 and set the RE (Receive Enable) bit in the UARTCON register to "1". 3. The start bit low ("0") condition at the RxD (P3.5) pin will cause the UART module to start the serial data receive operation. Tx Clock Shift TxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Start Bit D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 Start Bit Stop Bit Transmit Write to Shift Register (UDATA) TIP Rx Clock RxD D7 Stop Bit Receive Bit Detect Sample Time Shift RIP Figure 17-7. Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 1 Operation 17-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UART SERIAL PORT MODE 2 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION In mode 2, 11-bits are transmitted (through the TxD (P3.4) pin) or received (through the RxD (P3.5) pin). Each data frame has four components: — Start bit ("0") — 8 data bits (LSB first) — Programmable 9th data bit — Stop bit ("1") The 9th data bit to be transmitted can be assigned a value of "0" or "1" by writing the TB8 bit (UARTCON.3). When receiving, the 9th data bit that is received is written to the RB8 bit (UARTCON.2), while the stop bit is ignored. The baud rate for mode 2 is fosc/16 clock frequency. Mode 2 Transmit Procedure 1. Select mode 2 (9-bit UART) by setting UARTCON bits 6 and 7 to '10B'. Also, select the 9th data bit to be transmitted by writing TB8 to "0" or "1". 2. Write transmission data to the shift register, UDATA (F7H, set 1, bank 0), to start the transmit operation. Mode 2 Receive Procedure 1. Select mode 2 and set the receive enable bit (RE) in the UARTCON register to "1". 2. The receive operation starts when the signal at the RxD (P3.5) pin goes to low level. Tx Clock Shift TxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 TB8 Stop Bit Start Bit D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RB8 Start Bit Transmit Write to Shift Register (UARTDATA) TIP Rx Clock RxD Stop Bit Receive Bit Detect Sample Time Shift RIP Figure 17-8. Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 2 Operation 17-9 UART S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 SERIAL PORT MODE 3 FUNCTION DESCRIPTION In mode 3, 11-bits are transmitted (through the TxD (P3.4) pin) or received (through the RxD (P3.5) pin). Mode 3 is identical to mode 2 except for baud rate, which is variable. Each data frame has four components: — Start bit ("0") — 8 data bits (LSB first) — Programmable 9th data bit — Stop bit ("1") Mode 3 Transmit Procedure 1. Select the baud rate generated by BRDATA. 2. Select mode 3 operation (9-bit UART) by setting UARTCON bits 6 and 7 to '11B'. Also, select the 9th data bit to be transmitted by writing UARTCON.3 (TB8) to "0" or "1". 3. Write transmission data to the shift register, UDATA (F7H, set 1, bank 0), to start the transmit operation. Mode 3 Receive Procedure 1. Select the baud rate to be generated by BRDATA. 2. Select mode 3 and set the RE (Receive Enable) bit in the UARTCON register to "1". 3. The receive operation will be started when the signal at the RxD (P3.5) pin goes to low level. Tx Clock Shift TxD D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 TB8 Stop Bit Start Bit D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 RB8 Start Bit Transmit Write to Shift Register (UARTDATA) TIP Rx Clock RxD Stop Bit Receive Bit Detect Sample Time Shift RIP Figure 17-9. Timing Diagram for Serial Port Mode 3 Operation 17-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 UART SERIAL COMMUNICATION FOR MULTIPROCESSOR CONFIGURATIONS The S3C8-series multiprocessor communication features lets a "master" S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/ F8285 send a multiple-frame serial message to a "slave" device in a multi- S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285 /F8285 configuration. It does this without interrupting other slave devices that may be on the same serial line. This feature can be used only in UART modes 2 or 3. In these modes 2 and 3, 9 data bits are received. The 9th bit value is written to RB8 (UARTCON.2). The data receive operation is concluded with a stop bit. You can program this function so that when the stop bit is received, the serial interrupt will be generated only if RB8 = "1". To enable this feature, you set the MCE bit in the UARTCON register. When the MCE bit is "1", serial data frames that are received with the 9th bit = "0" do not generate an interrupt. In this case, the 9th bit simply separates the address from the serial data. Sample Protocol for Master/Slave Interaction When the master device wants to transmit a block of data to one of several slaves on a serial line, it first sends out an address byte to identify the target slave. Note that in this case, an address byte differs from a data byte: In an address byte, the 9th bit is "1" and in a data byte, it is "0". The address byte interrupts all slaves so that each slave can examine the received byte and see if it is being addressed. The addressed slave then clears its MCE bit and prepares to receive incoming data bytes. The MCE bits of slaves that were not addressed remain set, and they continue operating normally while ignoring the incoming data bytes. While the MCE bit setting has no effect in mode 0, it can be used in mode 1 to check the validity of the stop bit. For mode 1 reception, if MCE is "1", the receive interrupt will be issue unless a valid stop bit is received. 17-11 UART S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Setup Procedure for Multiprocessor Communications Follow these steps to configure multiprocessor communications: 1. Set all S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 devices (masters and slaves) to UART mode 2 or 3. 2. Write the MCE bit of all the slave devices to "1". 3. The master device's transmission protocol is: — First byte: the address identifying the target slave device (9th bit = "1") — Next bytes: data (9th bit = "0") 4. When the target slave receives the first byte, all of the slaves are interrupted because the 9th data bit is "1". The targeted slave compares the address byte to its own address and then clears its MCE bit in order to receive incoming data. The other slaves continue operating normally. Full-Duplex Multi-S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Interconnect TxD RxD Master TxD RxD Slave 1 TxD RxD Slave 2 S3C828B/9/5 S3C828B/9/5 S3C828B/9/5 ... TxD RxD Slave n S3C828B/9/5 Figure 17-10. Connection Example for Multiprocessor Serial Data Communications 17-12 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 18 BATTERY LEVEL DETECTOR BATTERY LEVEL DETECTOR OVERVIEW The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 micro-controller has a built-in BLD (Battery Level Detector) circuit which allows detection of power voltage drop or external input level through software. Turning the BLD operation on and off can be controlled by software. Because the IC consumes a large amount of current during BLD operation. It is recommended that the BLD operation should be kept OFF unless it is necessary. Also the BLD criteria voltage can be set by the software. The criteria voltage can be set by matching to one of the 3 kinds of voltage below that can be used. 2.2 V, 2.4 V or 2.8 V (VDD reference voltage), or external input level (External reference voltage) The BLD block works only when BLDCON.3 is set. If VDD level is lower than the reference voltage selected with BLDCON.2–.0, BLDCON.4 will be set. If VDD level is higher, BLDCON.4 will be cleared. When users need to minimize current consumption, do not operate the BLD block. VDD Pin fBLD BLDCON.5 Battery Level Detector BLDCON.4 BLD Out MUX BLDCON.3 VBLDREF Battery Level Setting BLD Run P2CONH.7-.6 ExtRef Input Enable BLDCON.2-.0 Set the Level Figure 18-1. Block Diagram for Battery Level Detect 18-1 BATTERY LEVEL DETECTOR S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BATTERY LEVEL DETECTOR CONTROL REGISTER (BLDCON) The bit 3 of BLDCON controls to run or disable the operation of Battery level detect. Basically this VBLD is set as 2.2 V by system reset and it can be changed in 3 kinds voltages by selecting Battery Level Detect Control register (BLDCON). When you write 3 bit data value to BLDCON, an established resistor string is selected and the VBLD is fixed in accordance with this resistor. Figure 18-2 shows specific VBLD of 3 levels. Battery Level Detector Control Register (BLDCON) D2H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .1 .0 LSB Detection voltage selection bits: 000 = (VBLD = 2.2V) 101 = (VBLD = 2.4V) 011 = (VBLD = 2.8V) Not used VIN source bit: 0 = Internal source 1 = External source .2 BLD Enable/Disable bit: 0 = Disable BLD 1 = Enable BLD BLD Output bit: 0 = VIN > VREF (When BLD is enable) 1 = VIN < VREF (When BLD is enable) Figure 18-2. Battery Level Detector Control Register (BLDCON) 18-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 BATTERY LEVEL DETECTOR Resistor String Battery Level Detect Control D2H, Set 1, Bank 0, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Not used RBLD VIN MUX + Comparator BLDOUT VREF Bias VBAT VBLDREF BANDGAP fBLD BLD Enable/Disable P2CONH.7-.6 NOTES: 1. The reset value of BLDCON is #00H. 2. VREF is about 1V. Figure 18-3. Battery Level Detector Circuit and Block Diagram Table 18-1. BLDCON Value and Detection Level BLDCON .2–.0 VBLD 0 0 0 2.2 V 1 0 1 2.4 V 0 1 1 2.8 V Other values Not available 18-3 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 19 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE EMBEDDED FLASH MEMEORY INTERFACE OVERVIEW This chapter is only for the S3F828B. The S3F828B has an on-chip flash memory internally instead of masked ROM. The flash memory is accessed by 'LDC' instruction and the type of sector erase and a byte programmable flash, a user can program the data in a flash memory area any time you want. The S3F828B's embedded 64Kbyte memory has two operating features: — User Program Mode: S3F828B Only — Tool Program Mode: Refer to the chapter 22. S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU. 19-1 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 USER PROGRAM MODE This mode supports sector erase, byte programming, byte read and one protection mode (Hard lock protection). The read protection mode is available only in Tool Program mode. So in order to make a chip into read protection, you need to select a read protection option when you program a initial your code to a chip by using Tool Program mode by using a programming tool. The S3F828B has the pumping circuit internally, therefore, 12.5V into VPP (Test) pin is not needed. To program a flash memory in this mode several control registers will be used. There are four kind functions – programming, reading, sector erase, hard lock protection FLASH MEMORY CONTROL REGISTERS (USER PROGRAM MODE) Flash Memory Control Register FMCON register is available only in user program mode to select the Flash Memory operation mode; sector erase, byte programming, and to make the flash memory into a hard lock protection. Flash Memory Control Register (FMCON) D2H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 Flash memory mode selection bits: 0101 = Programming mode 1010 = Sector erase mode 0110 = Hard lock mode Others = Not available .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Not used Sector erase status bit: 0 = Success sector erase 1 = Fail sector erase Flash operation start bit: 0 = Operation stop bit 1 = Operation start bit (This bit will be cleared automatically just after the corresponding operation completed.) Figure 19-1. Flash Memory Control Register (FMCON) The bit0 of FMCON register (FMCON.0) is a start bit for Erase and Hard Lock operation mode. Therefore, operation of Erase and Hard Lock mode is activated when you set FMCON.0 to "1". Also you should wait a time of Erase (Sector erase) or Hard lock to complete it's operation before a byte programming or a byte read of same sector area by using "LDC" instruction. When you read or program a byte data from or into flash memory, this bit is not needed to manipulate. The sector erase status bit is read only. If an interrupt is requested during the operation of "Sector erase", the operation of "Sector erase" is discontinued, and the interrupt is served by CPU. Therefore, the sector erase status bit should be checked after executing "Sector erase". The "sector erase" operation is success if the bit is logic "0", and is failure if the bit is logic "1". NOTE When the ID code, "A5H", is written to the FMUSR register. A mode of sector erase, user program, and hard lock may be executed unfortunately. So, it should be careful of the above situation. 19-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register The FMUSR register is used for a safety operation of the flash memory. This register will protect undesired erase or program operation from malfunctioning of CPU caused by an electrical noise. After reset, the user-programming mode is disabled, because the value of FMUSR is "00000000B" by reset operation. If necessary to operate the flash memory, you can use the user programming mode by setting the value of FMUSR to "10100101B". The other value of "10100101b", User Program mode is disabled. Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) FFH, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Flash memory user programming enable bits: 10100101: Enable user programming mode Other values: Disable user programming mode Figure 19-2. Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) 19-3 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Flash Memory Sector Address Registers There are two sector address registers for addressing a sector to be erased. The FMSECL (Flash Memory Sector Address Register Low Byte) indicates the low byte of sector address and FMSECH (Flash Memory Sector Address Register High Byte) indicates the high byte of sector address. The FMSECH is needed for S3F828B because it has 512 sectors, respectively. One sector consist of 128-bytes. Each sector's address starts XX00H or XX80H, that is a base address of sector is XX00H or XX80H. So FMSECL register 6-0 don't mean whether the value is '1' or '0'. We recommend that the simplest way is to load sector base address into FMSECH and FMSECL register. When programming the flash memory, you should write data after loading sector base address located in the target address to write data into FMSECH and FMSECL register. If the next operation is also to write data, you should check whether next address is located in the same sector or not. In case of other sectors, you must load sector address to FMSECH and FMSECL register according to the sector. Flash Memory Sector Address Register (FMSECH) D0H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Flash Memory Setor Address (High Byte) NOTE: The high-byte flash memory sector address pointer value is the higher eight bits of the 16-bit pointer address. Figure 19-3. Flash Memory Sector Address Register High Byte (FMSECH) Flash Memory Sector Address Register (FMSECL) D1H, Set 1, Bank 1, R/W MSB .7 .6 .5 .4 .3 .2 .1 .0 LSB Don't care Flash Memory Sector Address (Low Byte) NOTE: The low-byte flash memory sector address pointer value is the lower eight bits of the 16-bit pointer address. Figure 19-4. Flash Memory Sector Address Register Low Byte (FMSECL) 19-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE ISPTM (ON-BOARD PROGRAMMING) SECTOR ISPTM sectors located in program memory area can store On Board Program software (Boot program code for upgrading application code by interfacing with I/O port pin). The ISPTM sectors can not be erased or programmed by LDC instruction for the safety of On Board Program software. The ISP sectors are available only when the ISP enable/disable bit is set 0, that is, enable ISP at the Smart Option. If you don't like to use ISP sector, this area can be used as a normal program memory (can be erased or programmed by LDC instruction) by setting ISP disable bit ("1") at the Smart Option. Even if ISP sector is selected, ISP sector can be erased or programmed in the Tool Program mode, by Serial programming tools. The size of ISP sector can be varied by settings of Smart Option. You can choose appropriate ISP sector size according to the size of On Board Program software. (Decimal) 65,535 (Hex) FFFFH (Hex) (Decimal) 32,767 64K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area ISP Sector 255 Interrupt Vector Area Smart Option 7FFFH (Hex) (Decimal) 16,383 32K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area 3FFFH 16K-bytes Internal Program Memory Area 1FFH FFH 255 3FH FFH FFH 255 Interrupt Vector Area Interrupt Vector Area 3CH 00H 0 S3F828B 00H 0 S3F8289 00H 0 S3F8285 Figure 19-5. Program Memory Address Space 19-5 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 19-2. ISP Sector Size Smart Option(003CH) ISP Size Selection Bit Area of ISP Sector ISP Sector Size Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 1 x x – 0 0 0 0 100H – 1FFH ( 256 Byte) 256 Bytes 0 0 1 100H – 2FFH ( 512 Byte) 512 Bytes 0 1 0 100H – 4FFH (1024 Byte) 1024 Bytes 0 1 1 100H – 8FFH (2048 Byte) 2048 Bytes NOTE: The area of the ISP sector selected by Smart Option bit (003CH.2 – 003CH.0) can not be erased and programmed by LDC instruction in User Program mode. ISP RESET VECTOR AND ISP SECTOR SIZE If you use ISP sectors by setting the ISP Enable/Disable bit to "0" and the Reset Vector Selection bit to “0” at the Smart Option, you can choose the reset vector address of CPU as shown in Table 19-3 by setting the ISP Reset Vector Address Selection bits. Table 19-3. Reset Vector Address Smart Option (003CH) ISP Reset Vector Address Selection Bit Reset Vector Address After POR Usable Area for ISP Sector ISP Sector Size Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 1 x x 0100H – – 0 0 0 0200H 100H – 1FFH 256 Bytes 0 0 1 0300H 100H – 2FFH 512 Bytes 0 1 0 0500H 100H – 4FFH 1024 Bytes 0 1 1 0900H 100H – 8FFH 2048 Bytes NOTE: The selection of the ISP reset vector address by Smart Option (003CH.7 – 003CH.5) is not dependent of the selection of ISP sector size by Smart Option (003CH.2 – 003CH.0). 19-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE SECTOR ERASE User can erase a flash memory partially by using sector erase function only in User Program Mode. The only unit of flash memory to be erased and programmed in User Program Mode is called sector. The program memory of S3F828B is divided into 512 sectors for unit of erase and programming, respectively. Every sector has all 128-byte sizes of program memory areas. So each sector should be erased first to program a new data (byte) into a sector. Minimum 10ms delay time for erase is required after setting sector address and triggering erase start bit (FMCON.0). Sector Erase is not supported in Tool Program Modes (MDS mode tool or Programming tool). Sector 511 (128 byte) Sector 510 (128 byte) FFFFH FF7FH FEFFH 3FFFH Sector 127 (128 byte) 3F7FH 05FFH Sector 11 (128 byte) Sector 10 (128 byte) Sector 0-9 (128 byte x 10) 057FH 0500H 04FFH 0000H S3F828B Figure 19-6. Sector Configurations in User Program Mode 19-7 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 The Sector ERASE program procedure in User program Mode 1. Set Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) to “10100101B”. 2. Set Flash Memory Sector Address Register (FMSECH/ FMSECL). 3. Set Flash Memory Control Register (FMCON) to “10100001B”. 4. Set Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) to “00000000B”. 5. Check the “Sector erase status bit” whether “Sector erase” is success or not. PROGRAMMING TIP — Sector Erase • • reErase: 19-8 SB1 LD LD LD LD NOP NOP LD TM JR FMUSR,#0A5H FMSECH,#10H FMSECL,#00H FMCON,#10100001B FMUSR,#0 FMCON,#00001000B NZ,reErase ; User Program mode enable ; Set sector address (1000H–107FH) ; Start sector erase ; Dummy Instruction, This instruction must be needed ; Dummy Instruction, This instruction must be needed ; User Program mode disable ; Check “Sector erase status bit” ; Jump to reErase if fail S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE PROGRAMMING A flash memory is programmed in one byte unit after sector erase. And for programming safety's sake, must set FMSECH and FMSECL to flash memory sector value. The write operation of programming starts by 'LDC' instruction. You can write until 128byte, because this flash sector's limits is 128byte. So if you written 128byte, must reset FMSECH and FMSECL. The program procedure in User program Mode 1. Must erase sector before programming. 2. Set Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) to “10100101B”. 3. Set Flash Memory Control Register (FMCON) to “01010000B”. 4. Set Flash Memory Sector Register (FMSECH, FMSECL) to sector value of write address. 5. Load a transmission data into a working register. 6. Load a flash memory upper address into upper register of pair working register. 7. Load a flash memory lower address into lower register of pair working register. 8. Load transmission data to flash memory location area on ‘LDC’ instruction by indirectly addressing mode 9. Set Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) to “00000000B”. PROGRAMMING TIP — Program • • SB1 LD LD LD LD LD LD LD LDC NOP LD FMSECH,#17H FMSECL,#80H R2,#17H R3,#84H R4,#78H FMUSR,#0A5H FMCON,#01010000B @RR2,R4 FMUSR,#0 ; Set sector address (1780H-17FFH) ; Set a ROM address in the same sector 1780H – 17FFH ; Temporary data ; User Program mode enable ; Start program ; Write the data to a address of same sector(1784H) ; Dummy Instruction, This instruction must be needed ; User Program mode disable 19-9 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 READING The read operation of programming starts by ‘LDC’ instruction. The program procedure in User program Mode 1. Load a flash memory upper address into upper register of pair working register. 2. Load a flash memory lower address into lower register of pair working register. 3. Load receive data from flash memory location area on ‘LDC’ instruction by indirectly addressing mode PROGRAMMING TIP — Reading • • LOOP: LD R2,#3H LD R3,#0 LDC R0,@RR2 INC CP JP R3 R3,#0H NZ,LOOP • • • • 19-10 ; load flash memory upper address ; to upper of pair working register ; load flash memory lower address ; to lower pair working register ; read data from flash memory location ; (Between 300H and 3FFH) S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 EMBEDDED FLASH MEMORY INTERFACE HARD LOCK PROTECTION User can set Hard Lock Protection by write ‘0110’ in FMCON7-4. If this function is enabled, the user cannot write or erase the data in a flash memory area. This protection can be released by the chip erase execution (in the tool program mode). In terms of user program mode, the procedure of setting Hard Lock Protection is following that. Whereas in tool mode the manufacturer of serial tool writer could support Hardware Protection. Please refer to the manual of serial program writer tool provided by the manufacturer. The program procedure in User program Mode 1. Set Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) to “10100101B”. 2. Set Flash Memory Control Register (FMCON) to “01100001B”. 3. Set Flash Memory User Programming Enable Register (FMUSR) to “00000000B”. PROGRAMMING TIP — Hard Lock Protection • • SB1 LD LD NOP LD FMUSR,#0A5H FMCON,#01100001B FMUSR,#0 ; User Program mode enable ; Hard Lock mode set & start ; Dummy Instruction, This instruction must be needed ; User Program mode disable • • 19-11 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 20 ELECTRICAL DATA ELECTRICAL DATA OVERVIEW In this chapter, S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 electrical characteristics are presented in tables and graphs. The information is arranged in the following order: — Absolute maximum ratings — Input/output capacitance — D.C. electrical characteristics — A.C. electrical characteristics — Oscillation characteristics — Oscillation stabilization time — Data retention supply voltage in stop mode — LVR timing characteristics — BLD electrical characteristics — Serial I/O timing characteristics — A/D converter electrical characteristics — UART timing characteristics — Internal Flash ROM electrical characteristics — Operating voltage range 20-1 ELECTRICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 20-1. Absolute Maximum Ratings (TA= 25 °C) Parameter Symbol Conditions Rating Unit VDD – – 0.3 to + 4.6 V Supply voltage Input voltage VI Output voltage VO Output current high IOH IOL Output current low Operating temperature Storage temperature – 0.3 to VDD + 0.3 Ports 0-8 – 0.3 to VDD + 0.3 – One I/O pin active – 15 All I/O pins active – 60 One I/O pin active + 30 Total pin current for ports + 100 mA TA – – 25 to + 85 TSTG – – 65 to + 150 °C Table 20-2. D.C. Electrical Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Operating voltage Input high voltage Input low voltage 20-2 Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VDD fX = 0.4–4.2 MHz, fXT = 32.8kHz 2.0 – 3.6 V fx = 0.4–10MHz 2.7 – 3.6 fx = 0.4–11.1 MHz 3.0 – 3.6 – VDD VIH1 All input pins except VIH2, VIH3 0.7VDD VIH2 Ports0–1, nRESET 0.8VDD VDD VIH3 XIN, XOUT and XTIN, XTOUT VDD–0.1 VDD VIL1 All input pins except VIL2,VIL3 VIL2 Ports0–1, nRESET VIL3 XIN, XOUT and XTIN, XTOUT – – 0.3VDD 0.2VDD 0.1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ELECTRICAL DATA Table 20-2. D.C. Electrical Characteristics (Continued) (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Symbol Output high voltage VOH Output low voltage Min Typ Max Unit VDD = 2.7V to 3.6V IOH = –1 mA All output pins VDD–1.0 – – V VOL1 VDD = 2.7V to 3.6V IOL = 15 mA Ports1–2 – – 1.0 VOL2 VDD = 2.7V to 3.6V IOL = 10 mA All output ports except VOL1 – – 1.0 ILIH1 VIN = VDD All input pins except ILIH2 – – 3 ILIH2 VIN = VDD XIN, XOUT, XTIN, XTOUT ILIL1 VIN = 0 V All input pins except for nRESET, ILIL2 ILIL2 VIN = 0 V XIN, XOUT, XTIN, XTOUT Output high leakage current ILOH VOUT = VDD All output pins – – 3 Output low leakage current ILOL VOUT = 0 V All output pins – – –3 LCD voltage dividing resistor RLCD TA = 25 °C 25 50 80 Oscillator feed back resistors ROSC1 VDD = 3 V, TA=25 °C XIN = VDD, XOUT = 0V 600 1600 3000 ROSC2 VDD = 3 V, TA=25 °C XTIN = VDD, XTOUT = 0V 2000 4000 8000 40 70 100 220 360 500 Input high leakage current Input low leakage current Pull-up resistor RL1 Conditions VIN = 0 V; VDD = 3 V uA 20 – – –3 –20 kΩ Ports 0–8, TA = 25°C RL2 VIN = 0 V; VDD = 3 V TA = 25 °C, nRESET 20-3 ELECTRICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 20-2. D.C. Electrical Characteristics (Continued) (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Middle output voltage (1) Symbol VLC1 VLC2 Conditions VDD = 2.7V to 3.6V, 1/4 bias LCD clock = 0Hz, VLC0 = VDD VLC3 |VLCD – COMi| Min Typ Max Unit 0.75VDD–0.2 0.75VDD 0.75VDD+0.2 V 0.5VDD–0.2 0.5VDD 0.5VDD+0.2 0.25VDD–0.2 0.25VDD 0.25VDD+0.2 VDC –15 µA per common pin – – 120 VDS –15 µA per common pin – – 120 11.1 MHz – 4.0 8.0 4.0 MHz – 1.8 3.6 11.1 MHz – 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.0 – 14.0 28.0 – 2.0 4.0 mV Voltage drop (i = 0 – 7) |VLCD – SEGx| Voltage drop (x = 0 – 34) Supply current (2) IDD1 (3) Run mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V Crystal oscillator C1 = C2 = 22pF IDD2(3) Idle mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V Crystal oscillator C1 = C2 = 22pF IDD3(4) 4.0 MHz Run mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V, mA µA TA = 25°C, OSCON.7 = 1 32kHz crystal oscillator IDD4(4) Idle mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V, TA = 25°C, OSCON.7 = 1 32kHz crystal oscillator IDD5(5) Stop mode: TA=25°C – 0.2 2.0 VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V TA=-25°C – – 10 to 85°C NOTES: 1. It is middle output voltage when the VDD and VLC0 pin are connected. 2. Supply current does not include current drawn through internal pull-up resistors, LCD voltage dividing resistors, the LVR block, and external output current loads. 3. IDD1 and IDD2 include a power consumption of subsystem oscillator. 4. IDD3 and IDD4 are the current when the main system clock oscillation stop and the subsystem clock is used. 5. (OSCCON.7 = 1) IDD5 is the current when the main and subsystem clock oscillation stops. 6. Every values in this table is measured when bits 4-3 of the system clock control register (CLKCON.4–.3) is set to 11B. 20-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ELECTRICAL DATA Table 20-3. A.C. Electrical Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Symbol Interrupt input high, low width (P0.0–P0.7) tINTH, tINTL nRESET input low width tRSL Conditions Min Typ Max Unit All interrupt, VDD = 3 V 500 700 – ns VDD = 3 V 10 – – µs tINTL External Interrupt tINTH 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD Figure 20-1. Input Timing for External Interrupts tRSL nRESET 0.2 VDD Figure 20-2. Input Timing for nRESET 20-5 ELECTRICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 20-4. Input/Output Capacitance (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 0 V ) Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Input capacitance CIN f = 1 MHz; unmeasured pins are returned to VSS – – 10 pF Output capacitance COUT CIO I/O capacitance Table 20-5. Data Retention Supply Voltage in Stop Mode (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C) Parameter Symbol Data retention supply voltage VDDDR Data retention supply current IDDDR Conditions VDDDR = 2V Min Typ Max Unit 2.0 – 3.6 V – – 1 uA Stop mode, TA = 25 °C Disable LVR block RESET Occurs ~ ~ Stop Mode Data Retention Mode ~ ~ VDD Oscillation Stabilization Time Normal Operating Mode VDDDR Execution of STOP Instrction nRESET 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD NOTE: tWAIT tWAIT is the same as 16 x 1/BT clock. Figure 20-3. Stop Mode Release Timing Initiated by RESET 20-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ELECTRICAL DATA ~ ~ Idle Mode (Basic Timer Active) Stop Mode Normal Operating Mode Data Retention Mode ~ ~ VDD VDDDR Execution of STOP Instruction 0.8VDD tWAIT NOTE: tWAIT is the same as 16 x 1/BT clock. Figure 20-4. Stop Mode Release Timing Initiated by Interrupts 20-7 ELECTRICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 20-6. A/D Converter Electrical Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V, VSS = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Resolution – – 10 – bit Total accuracy – – – ±3 LSB – – ±2 – ±1 VDD = 3.072 V VSS = 0 V CPU clock = 11.1 MHz Integral linearity error ILE Differential linearity error DLE Offset error of top EOT ±1 ±3 Offset error of bottom EOB ±1 ±3 25 – – µS Conversion time (1) TCON 10-bit resolution 50 x fxx/4, fxx = 8 MHz Analog input voltage VIAN – VSS – AVREF V Analog input impedance RAN – 2 1000 – MΩ Analog reference voltage AVREF – 2.0 – VDD V Analog ground AVSS – VSS – VSS + 0.3 Analog input current IADIN VDD = 3.3 V – – 5 µA Analog block current (2) IADC VDD = 3.3 V – 0.5 1.5 mA 100 500 nA VDD = 3.3 V When power down mode NOTES: 1. 'Conversion time' is the time required from the moment a conversion operation starts until it ends. 2. IADC is an operating current during A/D converter. 20-8 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ELECTRICAL DATA Table 20-7. Low Voltage Reset Electrical Characteristics (TA = 25 °C) Parameter Symbol VLVR Voltage of LVR TA = 25 °C Typ Max Unit 2.0 2.2 2.4 V – 10 – – µS tOFF – 0.5 – – S – – 10 100 mV – 70 120 µA ∆V Hysteresis voltage of LVR IDDPR Current consumption Min tR VDD voltage rising time VDD voltage off time Test Condition VDD = 3.3 V NOTE: The current of LVR circuit is consumed when LVR is enabled by “Smart Option”. tOFF tR 0.9VDD VDD 0.1VDD Figure 20-5. LVR (Low Voltage Reset) Timing Table 20-8. Battery Level Detector Electrical Characteristics (TA = 25 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Operating Voltage of BLD Voltage of BLD Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VDDBLD – 2.0 – 3.6 V BLDCON.2–.0 = 000b 2.0 2.2 2.4 V BLDCON.2–.0 = 101b 2.15 2.4 2.65 BLDCON.2–.0 = 011b 2.5 2.8 3.1 VBLD Hysteresis Voltage of BLD ∆V BLDCON.2–.0 = 000, 101, 011b – 10 100 mV Current Consumption IBLD VDD = 3.3 V – 70 120 µA VDD = 2.2 V – 50 100 fw = 32.768 kHz – – 1 BLD Circuit Response Time TB ms 20-9 ELECTRICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 20-9. Synchronous SIO Electrical Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Symbol SCK Cycle time SCK high, low width Conditions SI hold time to SCK high Output delay for SCK to SO Typ Max Unit – – ns tKCY External SCK source 1,000 Internal SCK source 1,000 tKH, tKL External SCK source 500 tKCY/2-50 Internal SCK source SI setup time to SCK high Min tSIK tKSI tKSO External SCK source 250 Internal SCK source 250 External SCK source 400 Internal SCK source 400 External SCK source – 300 Internal SCK source 250 tKCY tKL tKH SCK 0.8 VDD 0.2 VDD tSIK tKSI 0.8 VDD SI Input Data 0.2 VDD tKSO SO Output Data Figure 20-6. Serial Data Transfer Timing 20-10 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ELECTRICAL DATA Table 20-10. UART Timing Characteristics in Mode 0 (11.1MHz) (TA = –25°C to + 85°C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V, Load Capacitance = 80pF) Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit tSCK 460 tCPU × 6 620 ns Output data setup to clock rising edge tS1 220 tCPU × 5 – Clock rising edge to input data valid tS2 – – 220 Output data hold after clock rising edge tH1 tCPU – 50 tCPU – Input data hold after clock rising edge tH2 0 – – Serial port clock High, Low level width tHIGH, tLOW 180 tCPU × 3 360 Serial port clock cycle time NOTES: 1. All timings are in nanoseconds (ns) and assume a 11.1-MHz CPU clock frequency. 2. The unit tCPU means one CPU clock period. tHIGH tSCK tLOW 0.7VDD 0.3VDD Figure 20-7. Waveform for UART Timing Characteristics 20-11 ELECTRICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 tSCK Shift Clock tH1 Data Out tS1 D0 D1 tS2 Data In D3 D4 D5 D6 Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid Valid The symbols shown in this diagram are defined as follows: fSCK tS1 tS2 tH1 tH2 Serial port clock cycle time Output data setup to clock rising edge Clock rising edge to input data valid Output data hold after clock rising edge Input data hold after clock rising edge Figure 20-8. Timing Waveform for the UART Module 20-12 D7 tH2 Valid NOTE: D2 Valid S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ELECTRICAL DATA Table 20-11. Main Oscillator Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C) Oscillator Clock Configuration Crystal C1 XIN Parameter Main oscillation frequency Test Condition Min Typ Max Units 3.0 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 11.1 MHz 2.7 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 10 2.0 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 4.2 3.0 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 11.1 2.7 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 10 2.0 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 4.2 3.0 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 11.1 2.7 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 10 2.0 V – 3.6 V 0.4 – 4.2 3.3 V 0.4 – 1 MHz XOUT Ceramic Oscillator C1 XIN Main oscillation frequency XOUT XIN input frequency External Clock XIN XOUT Frequency RC Oscillator XIN R XOUT Table 20-12. Sub Oscillation Characteristics (TA = –25°C to + 85°C) Oscillator Crystal Clock Configuration C1 XTIN Parameter Test Condition Min Typ Max Units Sub oscillation frequency 2.0 V – 3.6 V 32 32.768 35 kHz XTIN input frequency 2.0 V – 3.6 V 32 – 100 XTOUT External clock XTIN XTOUT 20-13 ELECTRICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 20-13. Main Oscillation Stabilization Time (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Oscillator Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit – – 40 ms Ceramic fx > 1 MHz Oscillation stabilization occurs when VDD is equal to the minimum oscillator voltage range. – – 10 ms External clock XIN input high and low width (tXH, tXL) 62.5 – 1250 ns Crystal 1/fx tXL tXH XIN VDD - 0.1V 0.1V 0.1V Figure 20-9. Clock Timing Measurement at XIN Table 20-14. Sub Oscillation Stabilization Time (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Oscillator Test Condition Min Typ Max Unit – – – 10 s 5 – 15 µs Crystal External clock XTIN input high and low width (tXH, tXL) 1/fXT tXTH tXTL XTIN VDD - 0.1V 0.1V Figure 20-10. Clock Timing Measurement at XTIN 20-14 0.1V S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 ELECTRICAL DATA fx (Main/Sub oscillation frequency) Instruction Clock 2.8 MHz 2.5 MHz 11.1 MHz 10 MHz 1.05 MHz 4.2 MHz 6.25 kHz(main)/8.2kHz(sub) 400 kHz(main)/32.8 kHz(sub) 2 3 2.7 4 3.6 Supply Voltage (V) Minimum instruction clock = 1/4n x oscillator frequency (n = 1,2,8,16) Figure 20-11. Operating Voltage Range Table 20-15. Internal Flash ROM Electrical Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Programming Time Chip Erasing Time (1) (2) Sector Erasing Time (3) Data Access Time Number of Writing/Erasing Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit Ftp – 30 – – µs Ftp1 50 – – ms Ftp2 10 – – ms FtRS – 25 – ns – – 10,000(4) Times FNWE – NOTES: 1. The Programming time is the time during which one byte (8-bit) is programmed. 2. The Chip Erasing time is the time during which all 64K byte block is erased. 3. The Sector Erasing time is the time during which all 128 byte block is erased. 4. Maximum number of Writing/Erasing is 10,000 times for full-flash(S3F828B) and 100 times for half flash (S3F8289/F8285). 5. The Chip Erasing is available in Tool Program Mode only. 20-15 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 21 MECHANICAL DATA MECHANICAL DATA OVERVIEW The S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller is currently available in 80-pin-QFP/TQFP package. 23.90 ± 0.30 0-8 20.00 ± 0.20 14.00 ± 0.20 + 0.10 - 0.05 0.10 MAX 80-QFP-1420C 0.80 ± 0.20 17.90 ± 0.30 0.15 #80 #1 0.80 0.35 + 0.10 0.05 MIN 0.15 MAX (0.80) 2.65 ± 0.10 3.00 MAX 0.80 ± 0.20 NOTE: Dimensions are in millimeters. Figure 21-1. Package Dimensions (80-QFP-1420C) 21-1 MECHANICAL DATA S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 14.00 BSC 0-7 12.00 BSC 12.00 BSC 80-TQFP-1212 0.60 ?0.15 14.00 BSC 0.09-0.20 #80 #1 0.50 0.17-0.27 0.08 MAX M 0.05-0.15 (1.25) 1.00 ± 0.05 1.20 MAX NOTE: Dimensions are in millimeters. Figure 21-2. Package Dimensions (80-TQFP-1212) 21-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 22 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU OVERVIEW The S3F828B/F8289/F8285 single-chip CMOS microcontroller is the Flash MCU version of the S3C828B/C8289/C8285 microcontroller. It has an on-chip Flash MCU ROM instead of a masked ROM. The Flash ROM is accessed by serial data format. The S3F828B/F8289/F8285 is fully compatible with the S3C828B/C8289/C8285, both in function and in pin configuration. Because of its simple programming requirements, the S3F828B/F8289/F8285 is ideal as an evaluation chip for the S3C828B/C8289/C8285. NOTE This chapter is about the Tool Program Mode of Flash MCU. If you want to know the User Program Mode, refer to the chapter 19. Embedded Flash Memory Interface. 22-1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 SEG28/P5.2 SEG27/P5.1 SEG26/P5.0 SEG25/P4.7 SEG24/P4.6 SEG23/P4.5 SEG22/P4.4 SEG21/P4.3 SEG20/P4.2 SEG19/P4.1 SEG18/P4.0 SEG17/P6.7 SEG16/P6.6 SEG15/P6.5 SEG14/P6.4 SEG13/P6.3 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 (80-QFP-1420C) 64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 SEG12/P6.2 SEG11/P6.1 SEG10/P6.0 SEG9/P7.3 SEG8/P7.2 SEG7/P7.1 SEG6/P7.0 COM7/SEG5/P8.7 COM6/SEG4/P8.6 COM5/SEG3/P8.5 COM4/SEG2/P8.4 COM3/SEG1/P8.3 COM2/SEG0/P8.2 COM1/P8.1 COM0/P8.0 VLC3 VLC2 VLC1 VLC0 AVSS AVREF P2.7/AD7/VBLDREF P2.6/AD6 P2.5/AD5 P0.4/INT4 P0.5/INT5 P0.6/INT6 P0.7/INT7 P1.0/T1CAP P1.1/T1CLK P1.2/T1OUT/T1PWM P1.3/BUZ P1.4/SO P1.5/SCK P1.6/SI P2.0/AD0 P2.1/AD1 P2.2/AD2 P2.3/AD3 P2.4/AD4 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 SEG29/P5.3 SEG30/P5.4 SEG31/P5.5 SEG32/P5.6 SEG33/P5.7 SEG34/P3.0/TBPWM SEG35/P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM SEG36/P3.2/TACLK SEG37/P3.3/TACAP SDAT/P3.4/TxD SCLK/P3.5/RxD VDD/VDD VSS/VSS XOUT XIN VPP/TEST XTIN XTOUT nRESET/nRESET VREG P0.0/INT0 P0.1/INT1 P0.2/INT2 P0.3/INT3 Figure 22-1. S3F828B/F8289/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-QFP-1420C) 22-2 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU 80 79 78 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 69 68 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 SEG30/P5.4 SEG29/P5.3 SEG28/P5.2 SEG27/P5.1 SEG26/P5.0 SEG25/P4.7 SEG24/P4.6 SEG23/P4.5 SEG22/P4.4 SEG21/P4.3 SEG20/P4.2 SEG19/P4.1 SEG18/P4.0 SEG17/P6.7 SEG16/P6.6 SEG15/P6.5 SEG14/P6.4 SEG13/P6.3 SEG12/P6.2 SEG11/P6.1 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 (80-TQFP-1212) 60 59 58 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 SEG10/P6.0 SEG9/P7.3 SEG8/P7.2 SEG7/P7.1 SEG6/P7.0 COM7/SEG5/P8.7 COM6/SEG4/P8.6 COM5/SEG3/P8.5 COM4/SEG2/P8.4 COM3/SEG1/P8.3 COM2/SEG0/P8.2 COM1/P8.1 COM0/P8.0 VLC3 VLC2 VLC1 VLC0 AVSS AVREF P2.7/AD7/VBLDREF P0.2/INT2 P0.3/INT3 P0.4/INT4 P0.5/INT5 P0.6/INT6 P0.7/INT7 P1.0/T1CAP P1.1/T1CLK P1.2/T1OUT/T1PWM P1.3/BUZ P1.4/SO P1.5/SCK P1.6/SI P2.0/AD0 P2.1/AD1 P2.2/AD2 P2.3/AD3 P2.4/AD4 P2.5/AD5 P2.6/AD6 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 SEG31/P5.5 SEG32/P5.6 SEG33/P5.7 SEG34/P3.0/TBPWM SEG35/P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM SEG36/P3.2/TACLK SEG37/P3.3/TACAP SDAT/P3.4/TxD SCLK/P3.5/RxD VDD/VDD VSS/VSS XOUT XIN VPP/TEST XTIN XTOUT nRESET/nRESET VREG P0.0/INT0 P0.1/INT1 Figure 22-2. S3F828B/F8289/F8285 Pin Assignments (80-TQFP-1212) 22-3 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 22-1. Descriptions of Pins Used to Read/Write the Flash ROM Main Chip During Programming Pin Name Pin Name Pin No. I/O Function P3.4 SDAT 10(8) I/O Serial data pin. Output port when reading and input port when writing. Can be assigned as a Input/push-pull output port. P3.5 SCLK 11(9) I/O Serial clock pin. Input only pin. TEST VPP 16(14) I Power supply pin for Flash ROM cell writing (indicates that FLASH MCU enters into the writing mode). When 12.5 V is applied, FLASH MCU is in writing mode and when 3.3 V is applied, FLASH MCU is in reading mode. nRESET nRESET 19(17) I Chip Initialization VDD, VSS VDD, VSS 12(10) 13(11) – Power supply pin for logic circuit. VDD should be tied to +3.3V during programming. NOTES: 1. Parentheses indicate pin number for 80-TQFP-1212 package. 2. The VPP (Test) pin had better connect to VDD (S3F828B only). Table 22-2. Comparison of S3F828B/F8289/F8285 and S3C828B/C8289/C8285 Features Characteristic S3F828B/9/5 S3C828B/9/5 Program memory 64K/32K/16K-byte Flash ROM 64K/32K/16K-byte mask ROM Operating voltage (VDD) 2.0 V to 3.6 V 2.0 V to 3.6 V Flash MCU programming mode VDD = 3.3 V, VPP (TEST) = 12.5 V Programmability User program multi time 22-4 – Programmed at the factory S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU OPERATING MODE CHARACTERISTICS When 12.5 V is supplied to the VPP (TEST) pin of the S3C828B/C8289/C8285, the Flash ROM programming mode is entered. The operating mode (read, write, or read protection) is selected according to the input signals to the pins listed in Table 22-3 below. Table 22-3. Operating Mode Selection Criteria VDD VPP(TEST) REG/nMEM 3.3 V 3.3 V 12.5 V 12.5 V 12.5 V 0 0 0 1 Address (A15–A0) 0000H 0000H 0000H 0E3FH R/W 1 0 1 0 Mode Flash ROM read Flash ROM program Flash ROM verify Flash ROM read protection NOTES: 1. The VPP (Test) pin had better connect to VDD (S3F828B only). 2. "0" means Low level; "1" means High level. Table 22-4. D.C. Electrical Characteristics (TA = –25 °C to + 85 °C, VDD = 2.0 V to 3.6 V) Parameter Supply current(1) Symbol IDD1 (2) IDD2(2) IDD3(3) IDD4(3) IDD5(4) Conditions 11.1 MHz Run mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V 4.0 MHz Crystal oscillator C1 = C2 = 22pF 11.1MHz Idle mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V 4.0 MHz Crystal oscillator C1 = C2 = 22pF Run mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V, TA = 25°C, OSCCON.7 = 1 32kHz crystal oscillator Idle mode: VDD = 3.3V ± 0.3V, TA = 25°C, OSCCON.7 = 1 32kHz crystal oscillator Stop mode: TA = 25°C VDD = 3V ± 0.3V TA = –25°C to +85°C Min – Typ 4.0 Max 8.0 1.8 3.6 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.0 – 14.0 28.0 – 2.0 4.0 – 0.2 2.0 – – 10 – Unit mA µA NOTES: 1. Supply current does not include current drawn through internal pull-up resistors, LCD voltage dividing resistors, the LVR block, and external output current loads. 2. IDD1 and IDD2 include a power consumption of subsystem oscillator. 3. IDD3 and IDD4 are the current when the main system clock oscillation stops and the subsystem clock is used. 4. (OSCCON.7=1) IDD5 is the current when the main and subsystem clock oscillation stops. 5. Every values in this table is measured when bits 4-3 of the system clock control register (CLKCON.4-.3) is set to 11B. 22-5 S3F828B/F8289/F8285 FLASH MCU S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 fx (Main/Sub oscillation frequency) Instruction Clock 2.8 MHz 2.5 MHz 11.1 MHz 10 MHz 1.05 MHz 4.2 MHz 6.25 kHz(main)/8.2kHz(sub) 400 kHz(main)/32.8 kHz(sub) 2 3 2.7 4 3.6 Supply Voltage (V) Minimum instruction clock = 1/4n x oscillator frequency (n = 1,2,8,16) Figure 22-3. Operating Voltage Range 22-6 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 23 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS DEVELOPMENT TOOLS OVERVIEW Samsung provides a powerful and easy-to-use development support system in turnkey form. The development support system is configured with a host system, debugging tools, and support software. For the host system, any standard computer that operates with MS-DOS, Windows 95, and 98 as its operating system can be used. One type of debugging tool including hardware and software is provided: the sophisticated and powerful in-circuit emulator, SMDS2+, and OPENice for S3C7, S3C9, S3C8 families of microcontrollers. The SMDS2+ is a new and improved version of SMDS2. Samsung also offers support software that includes debugger, assembler, and a program for setting options. SHINE Samsung Host Interface for In-Circuit Emulator, SHINE, is a multi-window based debugger for SMDS2+. SHINE provides pull-down and pop-up menus, mouse support, function/hot keys, and context-sensitive hyper-linked help. It has an advanced, multiple-windowed user interface that emphasizes ease of use. Each window can be sized, moved, scrolled, highlighted, added, or removed completely. SAMA ASSEMBLER The Samsung Arrangeable Microcontroller (SAM) Assembler, SAMA, is a universal assembler, and generates object code in standard hexadecimal format. Assembled program code includes the object code that is used for ROM data and required SMDS program control data. To assemble programs, SAMA requires a source file and an auxiliary definition (DEF) file with device specific information. SASM88 The SASM88 is a relocatable assembler for Samsung's S3C8-series microcontrollers. The SASM88 takes a source file containing assembly language statements and translates into a corresponding source code, object code and comments. The SASM88 supports macros and conditional assembly. It runs on the MS-DOS operating system. It produces the relocatable object code only, so the user should link object file. Object files can be linked with other object files and loaded into memory. HEX2ROM HEX2ROM file generates ROM code from HEX file which has been produced by assembler. ROM code must be needed to fabricate a microcontroller which has a mask ROM. When generating the ROM code (.OBJ file) by HEX2ROM, the value "FF" is filled into the unused ROM area up to the maximum ROM size of the target device automatically. TARGET BOARDS Target boards are available for all S3C8-series microcontrollers. All required target system cables and adapters are included with the device-specific target board. 23-1 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 IBM-PC AT or Compatible RS-232C SMDS2+ Target Application System PROM/OTP Writer Unit RAM Break/Display Unit BUS Probe Adapter Trace/Timer Unit SAM8 Base Unit Power Supply Unit POD TB828B/9/5 Target Board EVA Chip Figure 23-1. SMDS Product Configuration (SMDS2+) 23-2 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS TB828B/9/5 TARGET BOARD The TB828B/9/5 target board is used for the S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 microcontroller. It is supported with the SMDS2+. TB828B/9/5 To User_VCC Off On 7411 Idle Stop + + VCC RESET XI GND XTAL MDS 25 100-Pin Connector JP5 50 1 J102 J101 60 1 2 41 40 79 42 1 50-Pin Connector 208 QFP S3E8280 EVA Chip 160 100 110 150 Smart Option Source Device Solution External S3F8285 S3F8285 Internal S3F828B S3F8289 50-Pin Connector 200 39 80 JP7 JP8 JP6 ON SW1 SMDS2 SMDS2+ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Smart Option Selection Figure 23-2. TB828B/9/5 Target Board Configuration 23-3 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 23-1. Power Selection Settings for TB828B/9/5 "To User_Vcc" Settings Operating Mode TB828B TB8289 TB8285 To User_V CC Off On Comments Target System VCC VSS The SMDS2/SMDS2+ supplies VCC to the target board (evaluation chip) and the target system. VCC SMDS2/SMDS2+ TB828B TB8289 TB8285 To User_V CC Off On External VCC Target System VSS The SMDS2/SMDS2+ supplies VCC only to the target board (evaluation chip). The target system must have its own power supply. VCC SMDS2/SMDS2+ NOTE: The following symbol in the "To User_Vcc" Setting column indicates the electrical short (off) configuration: Table 23-2. Main-clock Selection Settings for TB828B/9/5 Main Clock Settings XIN MDS XTAL Operating Mode Set the XI switch to “MDS” when the target board is connected to the SMDS2/SMDS2+. EVA Chip S3E8280 XIN Comments XOUT No Connection 100 Pin Connector SMDS2/SMDS2+ Set the XI switch to “XTAL” when the target board is used as a standalone unit, and is not connected to the SMDS2/SMDS2+. XIN XTAL MDS EVA Chip S3E8280 XIN XOUT XTAL Target Board 23-4 S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Table 23-3. Device Selection Settings for TB828B/9/5 "Device Selection" Settings Operating Mode Comments Operate with TB828B Device Selection 8249/5 828B TB828B Target System Operate with TB8289 Device Selection 8289/5 828B 8285 8289 TB8289 Target System Operate with TB8285 Device Selection 8289/5 828B 8285 8289 TB8285 Target System SMDS2+ SELECTION (SAM8) In order to write data into program memory that is available in SMDS2+, the target board should be selected to be for SMDS2+ through a switch as follows. Otherwise, the program memory writing function is not available. Table 23-4. The SMDS2+ Tool Selection Setting "SMDS2+" Setting SMDS2 Operating Mode SMDS2+ R/W SMDS2+ R/W Target System IDLE LED The Yellow LED is ON when the evaluation chip (S3E8280) is in idle mode. STOP LED The Red LED is ON when the evaluation chip (S3E8280) is in stop mode. 23-5 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 Table 23-5. Smart Option Source Settings for TB828B/9/5 "Smart Option Source" Settings Operating Mode Select Smart Option Source Internal TB828B/9/5 External Select Smart Option Source Internal TB828B/9/5 External Comments Target System Target System The Smart Option is selected by external smart option switch (SW1) The Smart Option is selected by internal smart option area (003EH–0003FH of ROM). But this selection is not available. Table 23-6. Smart Option Switch Setting for TB828B/9/5 "Smart Option" Setting ON 1 Low : "0" 2 3 4 5 6 7 Smart Option 23-6 8 9 10 High: "1" Comments The Smart Option can be selected by this switch when the Smart Option source is selected by external. The SW1.3–SW1.1 are comparable to the 003EH.2–.0. The SW1.8-SW1.6 are comparable to the 003EH.7–.5. The SW1.9 is comparable to the 003FH.0. The SW1.5–1.4 is not connected. The SW1.10 is not used. S3C828B/F828B/C8289/F8289/C8285/F8285 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS J101 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 SEG30/P5.4 SEG32/P5.6 SEG34/P3.0/TBPWM SEG36/P3.2/TACLK P3.4/TxD VDD XOUT TEST XTOUT VREG P0.1/INT1 P0.3/INT3 P0.5/INT5 P0.7/INT7 P1.1/T1CLK P1.3/BUZ P1.5/SCK P2.0/AD0 P2.2/AD2 P2.4/AD4 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 P2.5/AD5 P2.7/AD7/VBLDREF AVSS VLC1 VLC3 COM1/P8.1 COM3/SEG1/P8.3 COM5/SEG3/P8.5 COM7/SEG5/P8.7 SEG7/P7.1 SEG9/P7.3 SEG11/P6.1 SEG13/P6.3 SEG15/P6.5 SEG17/P6.7 SEG19/P4.1 SEG21/P4.3 SEG23/P4.5 SEG25/P4.7 SEG27/P5.1 42 44 46 48 50 52 54 56 58 60 62 64 66 68 70 72 74 76 78 80 40-Pin DIP Connector 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 40-Pin DIP Connector SEG29/P5.3 SEG31/P5.5 SEG33/P5.7 SEG35/P3.1/TAOUT/TAPWM SEG37/P3.3/TACAP P3.5/RxD VSS XIN XTIN nRESET P0.0/INT0 P0.2/INT2 P0.4/INT4 P0.6/INT6 P1.0/T1CAP P1.2/T1OUT/T1PWM P1.4/SO P1.6/SI P2.1/AD1 P2.3/AD3 J102 P2.6/AD6 AVREF VLC0 VLC2 COM0/P8.0 COM2/SEG0/P8.2 COM4/SEG2/P8.4 COM6/SEG4/P8.6 SEG6/P7.0 SEG8/P7.2 SEG10/P6.0 SEG12/P6.2 SEG14/P6.4 SEG16/P6.6 SEG18/P4.0 SEG20/P4.2 SEG22/P4.4 SEG24/P4.6 SEG26/P5.0 SEG28/P5.2 Figure 23-3. 40-Pin Connectors (J101, J102) for TB828B/9/5 J102 J102 J101 40-Pin DIP Connector 1 Target System 2 41 42 J101 41 42 1 2 79 80 39 40 Target Cable for 40-Pin Connector Part Name: AS40D-A Order Code: SM6306 39 40 79 80 40-Pin DIP Connectors Target Board Figure 23-4. S3E8280 Cables for 80-QFP Package 23-7 S3C8 SERIES MASK ROM ORDER FORM Product description: Device Number: S3C8__________- ___________(write down the ROM code number) Package Product Order Form: Pellet Wafer Package Type: __________ Package Marking (Check One): Standard Custom A Custom B (Max 10 chars) SEC (Max 10 chars each line) @ YWW Device Name @ YWW Device Name @ YWW @ : Assembly site code, Y : Last number of assembly year, WW : Week of assembly Delivery Dates and Quantities: Deliverable Required Delivery Date Quantity Comments – Not applicable See ROM Selection Form ROM code Customer sample Risk order See Risk Order Sheet Please answer the following questions: ) For what kind of product will you be using this order? New product Upgrade of an existing product Replacement of an existing product Other If you are replacing an existing product, please indicate the former product name ( ) ) What are the main reasons you decided to use a Samsung microcontroller in your product? Please check all that apply. Price Product quality Features and functions Development system Technical support Delivery on time Used same micom before Quality of documentation Samsung reputation Mask Charge (US$ / Won): ____________________________ Customer Information: Company Name: Signatures: ___________________ ________________________ (Person placing the order) Telephone number _________________________ __________________________________ (Technical Manager) (For duplicate copies of this form, and for additional ordering information, please contact your local Samsung sales representative. Samsung sales offices are listed on the back cover of this book.) S3C8 SERIES REQUEST FOR PRODUCTION AT CUSTOMER RISK Customer Information: Company Name: ________________________________________________________________ Department: ________________________________________________________________ Telephone Number: __________________________ Date: __________________________ Fax: _____________________________ Risk Order Information: Device Number: S3C8________- ________ (write down the ROM code number) Package: Number of Pins: ____________ Intended Application: ________________________________________________________________ Product Model Number: ________________________________________________________________ Package Type: _____________________ Customer Risk Order Agreement: We hereby request SEC to produce the above named product in the quantity stated below. We believe our risk order product to be in full compliance with all SEC production specifications and, to this extent, agree to assume responsibility for any and all production risks involved. Order Quantity and Delivery Schedule: Risk Order Quantity: _____________________ PCS Delivery Schedule: Delivery Date (s) Signatures: Quantity _______________________________ (Person Placing the Risk Order) Comments ______________________________________ (SEC Sales Representative) (For duplicate copies of this form, and for additional ordering information, please contact your local Samsung sales representative. Samsung sales offices are listed on the back cover of this book.) S3C828B/C8289/C8285 MASK OPTION SELECTION FORM Device Number: S3C8_______-________(write down the ROM code number) Diskette Attachment (Check one): PROM Customer Checksum: ________________________________________________________________ Company Name: ________________________________________________________________ Signature (Engineer): ________________________________________________________________ Please answer the following questions: ) Application (Product Model ID: _______________________) Audio Video Telecom LCD Databank Caller ID LCD Game Industrials Home Appliance Office Automation Remocon Other Please describe in detail its application (For duplicate copies of this form, and for additional ordering information, please contact your local Samsung sales representative. Samsung sales offices are listed on the back cover of this book.)