ACS108-6S AC switch family Transient voltage protected AC Switch (ACS™) Main product characteristics IT(RMS) 0.8 A VDRM/VRRM 600 V IGT 10 mA ■ Overvoltage protection by crowbar technology ■ High noise immunity - static dV/dt > 500 V/µs COM COM G COM OUT SOT-223 ACS108-6SN OUT G TO-92 ACS108-6SA Applications ■ AC ON/OFF static switching in appliances and industrial control systems ■ Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like: – relay, valve, solenoid, – dispenser, door lock – pump, fan, micro-motor Benefits ■ Needs no external protection snubber or varistor. ■ Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5. ■ Reduces component count by up to 80%. ■ Interfaces directly with the micro-controller. ■ Common package tab connection supports connection of several alternating current switches (ACS) on the same cooling pad. ■ Integrated structure based on ASD(a) technology Description The ACS108-6S belongs to the AC line switch family. This high performance switch can control a load of up to 0.8A. The ACS108-6S switch includes an overvoltage crowbar structure to absorb the overvoltage energy, and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. Functional diagram OUT G Order code Part number Marking ACS108-6SA ACS1086S ACS108-6SA-TR ACS1086S ACS108-6SA-AP ACS108-6SN-TR a. ASD: Application Specific Devices June 2006 COM COM Common drive reference to connect to the mains ACS1086S OUT Output to connect to the load. ACS1086S G Gate input to connect to the controller through gate resistor TM: ACS is a trademark of STMicroelectronics Rev 2 1/11 www.st.com Characteristics ACS108-6S 1 Characteristics Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings (Tamb = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol IT(RMS) ITSM I²t Parameter RMS on-state current (full sine wave) Non repetitive surge peak on-state current (full cycle sine wave, Tj initial = 25 °C) Value TO-92 Tlead = 75 °C SOT-223 Tamb = 75 °C TO-92 Tamb = 61 °C 0.45 f = 60 Hz t = 16.7 ms 7.6 f = 50 Hz t = 20 ms 7.3 Unit 0.8 A A I²t Value for fusing 0.38 A2s Tj = 125 °C 100 A/µs Tj = 25 °C 2 kV Tj = 125 °C 1 A tp = 10 ms dI/dt Critical rate of rise of on-state current IG = 2xIGT, tr ≤ 100 ns VPP Non repetitive line peak mains voltage(1) IGM Peak gate current VGM Peak positive gate voltage Tj = 125 °C 10 V Average gate power dissipation Tj = 125 °C 0.1 W -40 to +150 -30 to +125 °C Value Unit PG(AV) Tstg Tj f = 120 Hz tp = 20 µs Storage junction temperature range Operating junction temperature range 1. according to test described by IEC 61000-4-5 standard and Figure 16 Table 2. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified) Symbol IGT (1) VGT Test conditions VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω II - III MAX 10 mA II - III MAX 1 V II - III MIN 0.15 V VGD VOUT = VDRM, RL =3.3 kΩ, Tj = 125 °C IH (2) IOUT = 100 mA MAX 25 mA IL(2) IG = 1.2 x IGT MAX 30 mA VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open, Tj = 125 °C MIN 500 V/µs Without snubber (15 V/µs), turn-off time ≤ 20 ms, Tj = 125 °C MIN 0.3 A/ms ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms, Tj = 125 °C MIN 650 V dV/dt (2) (dI/dt)c (2) VCL 1. minimum IGT is guaranteed at 10% of IGT max 2. for both polarities of OUT referenced to COM 2/11 Quadrant ACS108-6S Table 3. Characteristics Static electrical characteristics Symbol VTM (1) Test conditions Unit Tj = 25 °C MAX 1.3 V VTO (1) Tj = 125 °C MAX 0.90 V RD (1) Tj = 125 °C MAX 300 mΩ 2 µA 0.2 mA IDRM IRRM ITM= 1.1 A, tp = 500 µs Value Tj = 25 °C VOUT = 600 V MAX Tj = 125 °C 1. for both polarities of OUT referenced to COM Table 4. Thermal resistance Symbol Value Rth (j-l) Junction to lead (AC) TO-92 60 Rth (j-l) Junction to tab (AC) SOT-223 25 TO-92 150 SOT-223 60 Rth (j-a) Figure 1. 0.90 Parameter Unit °C/W Junction to ambient S = 5 cm² Maximum power dissipation Figure 2. vs RMS on-state current (full cycle) P (W) 1.0 0.80 0.9 0.70 0.8 RMS on-state current vs ambient temperature (full cycle) IT(RMS) (A) ACS108-6SN (with 5cm² copper surface under tab) 0.7 0.60 0.6 0.50 0.5 0.40 0.30 0.3 0.20 180° 0.10 0.00 0.00 ACS108-6SA 0.4 0.2 Tamb °C 0.1 IT(RMS) (A) 0.0 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 0.60 0.70 0.80 0 25 50 75 100 125 3/11 Characteristics Figure 3. ACS108-6S Relative variation of junction to ambient thermal impedance vs pulse duration and package Figure 4. K=[Zth(j-a) /Rth(j-a) ] 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 1.E+00 1.E-01 TO-92 SOT-223 tP (S) 1.E-02 1.E-03 Figure 5. 1.E-02 1.E-01 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 Relative variation of gate trigger current, holding current and latching current vs junction temperature IGT, IH, IL [T j] / IGT, IH, IL [T j=25°C] IGT IL & IH Tj(°C) -40 -30 -20 -10 Non repetitive surge peak on-state Figure 6. current vs number of cycles ITSM (A) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse with width tp<10 ms, and corresponding value of I²t (Tj initial = 25 °C ITSM(A), I²t (A²s) 10 1.E+03 Tj initial=25°C 9 8 t=20ms 7 One cycle Non repetitive Tj initial = 25 °C 6 1.E+02 ITSM 5 1.E+01 4 Repetitive Tamb = 75 °C 3 1.E+00 I²t 2 1 tp(ms) 0 1 4/11 10 100 Number of cycles 1000 1.E-01 0.01 0.10 1.00 10.00 ACS108-6S Figure 7. Characteristics On-state characteristics (maximal values) Figure 8. ITM(A) 10.00 Rth(j-a) (°C/W) 140 Tj max.: Vto= 0.9 V Rd= 300 mΩ SOT-223 junction to ambient thermal resistance versus copper surface under tab (PCB FR4, copper thickness 35 µm) SOT-223 120 100 1.00 Tj=125°C 80 Tj=25°C 60 0.10 40 20 VTM(V) SCU(cm²) 0 0.01 0.0 0.5 Figure 9. 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0.0 4.0 Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c versus junction temperature (dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=125 °C] 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 10 1.6 9 1.4 8 4.0 4.5 5.0 (dI/dt)c [ (dV/dt) c ] / Specified (dI/dt) c 1.8 Vout=300 V 11 1.0 Figure 10. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of main current (di/dt)c vs (dV/dt)c, with turn-off time < 20 ms 2.0 12 0.5 Vout = 400 V 1.2 7 6 1.0 5 0.8 4 0.6 3 0.4 2 1 0.0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 Figure 11. Relative variation of static dV/dt versus junction temperature 8 (dV/dt)c (V/µs) 0.2 Tj (°C) 0 0.1 1 10 100 Figure 12. Relative variation of the maximal clamping voltage versus junction temperature (min value) VCL [T j] / VDRM dV/dt [T j] / dV/dt [T j=125°C] 1.20 Vout=400V 7 1.10 6 1.00 5 0.90 4 0.80 3 0.70 2 0.60 1 Tj(°C) Tj(°C) 0 0.50 25 50 75 100 125 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 5/11 AC line switch - basic application 2 ACS108-6S AC line switch - basic application The ACS108-6S switch is triggered by a negative gate current flowing from the gate pin G. The switch can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown in Figure 13. Thanks to its overvoltage protection and turn-off commutation performance, the ACS108-6S switch can drive a small power high inductive load with neither varistor nor additional turn-off snubber. Figure 13. Typical application program Valve AC Mains Power supply 2.1 Vss MCU Vdd Rg ACS108-6S Protection against overvoltage: the best choice is ACS In comparison with standard triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACS1086S is over-voltage self-protected, specified by the new parameter VCL. This feature is useful in two operating conditions: in case of turn-off of very inductive load, and in case of surge voltage that can occur on the electrical network. 2.1.1 High inductive load switch-off: turn-off overvoltage clamping With high inductive and low RMS current loads the rate of decrease of the current is very low. An overvoltage can occur when the gate current is removed and the OUT current is lower than IH. As shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, at the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current decreases (1). The load current reaches the holding current level IH (2), and the ACS turns off (3). The water valve, as an inductive load (up to 15 H), reacts as a current generator and an overvoltage is created, which is clamped by the ACS (4). The current flows through the ACS avalanche and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load is dissipated in the clamping section that is designed for this purpose. When the energy has been dissipated, the ACS voltage falls back to the mains voltage value (5). 6/11 ACS108-6S AC line switch - basic application Figure 14. Effect of the switching off of a high Figure 15. Description of the different steps inductive load - typical clamping during switching off of a high capability of ACS108-6S inductive load 4 I OUT VPEAK = V CL 1 I OUT (5 mA/div) 3 1 VOUT (200 V/div) 2 IH 3 4 VOUT 5 IH VCL 2 5 100µs/div 2.1.2 AC line transient voltage ruggedness The ACS108-6S switch is able to withstand safely the AC line transients either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks, even with high turn-on current rises. The test circuit shown in Figure 16 is representative of the final ACS108-6S application, and is also used to test the ACS switch according to the IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load limiting the current, the ACS108-6S switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an overvoltage crowbar technology. Actually, the ACS108-6S breaks over safely as shown in Figure 17. The ACS108-6S recovers its blocking voltage capability after the surge (switch off back at the next zero crossing of the current). Such non-repetitive tests can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Figure 16. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit Figure 17. Typical current and voltage waveforms across the ACS108-6S for resistive and inductive loads during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test with conditions equivalent to IEC 61000-4-5 standards VPEAK I OUT (2 A/div) Surge generator "1.2/50 waveform" Rgene 2 Model of the load L R 150 5µH VOUT (200 V/div) ACS108-6Sx 2.4 kV surge Rg 220 200ns/div 7/11 Ordering information scheme 3 ACS108-6S Ordering information scheme ACS 1 08 - 6 S A -TR AC Switch series Number of switches Current 08 = 0.8 ARMS Voltage 6 = 600 V Sensitivity S = 10 mA Package A = TO-92 N = SOT-223 Packing TR = Tape and reel AP = Ammopack (TO-92) Blank = (TO-92) Bulk (SOT-223) Tube 4 Package information Table 5. TO-92 Mechanical data Dimensions Ref Millimeters Min. Typ. Max. Inches Min. Typ. Max. A a B A 1.35 B C 4.70 C F 8/11 D E 0.053 0.185 2.54 0.100 D 4.40 0.173 E 12.70 0.500 F 3.70 0.146 a 0.50 0.019 ACS108-6S Package information Table 6. SOT-223 Mechanical data Dimensions Ref. V A Millimeters Min. c Typ. A A1 Inches Max. Min. Typ. 1.80 Max. 0.071 B A1 0.02 0.001 e1 D B 0.60 0.70 0.80 0.024 0.027 0.031 B1 2.90 3.00 3.10 0.114 0.118 0.122 c 0.24 0.26 0.32 0.009 0.010 0.013 D 6.30 6.50 6.70 0.248 0.256 0.264 B1 4 H E 1 2 3 e e 2.3 0.090 e1 4.6 0.181 E 3.30 3.50 3.70 0.130 0.138 0.146 H 6.70 7.00 7.30 0.264 0.276 0.287 V 10° max Figure 18. SOT-223 Footprint 3.25 1.32 5.16 7.80 1.32 2.30 0.95 In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in ECOPACK® packages. These packages have a lead-free second level interconnect. The category of second level interconnect is marked on the package and on the inner box label, in compliance with JEDEC Standard JESD97. The maximum ratings related to soldering conditions are also marked on the inner box label. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. ECOPACK specifications are available at: www.st.com. 9/11 Ordering information 5 6 10/11 ACS108-6S Ordering information Part number Marking Package Weight Base Qty Packing mode ACS108-6SA ACS1086S TO-92 0.2 g 2500 Bulk ACS108-6SA-TR ACS1086S TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Tape and Reel ACS108-6SA-AP ACS1086S TO-92 0.2 g 2000 Ammopack ACS108-6SN-TR ACS1086S SOT-223 0.11 g 1000 Tape & reel Revision history Date Revision Changes 05-Jan-2005 1 Initial release. 07-Jun-2006 2 Reformatted to current standard. Replaced Figure 9. ACS108-6S Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries (“ST”) reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. 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