ACS102-5Tx ® ASD™ AC Switch Family AC LINE SWITCH MAIN APPLICATIONS AC on-off static switching in appliance & industrial control systems Drive of low power high inductive or resistive loads like - relay, valve, solenoid, dispenser - pump, fan, micro-motor - low power lamp bulb, door lock ■ ■ OUT G FEATURES ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ TO-92 ACS102-5TA Blocking voltage : VDRM / VRRM = 500V Clamping voltage : VCL = 600 V Nominal current : IT(RMS) = 0.2 A Gate triggering current : IGT < 5 mA Switch integrated driver Triggering current is sourced by the gate SO-8 package: - drive reference COM connected to 2 cooling pins - 3.5 mm creepage distance from pin OUT to other pins BENEFITS Needs no external overvoltage protection Enables equipment to meet IEC61000-4-5 & IEC 335-1 Reduces component count by up to 80 % Interfaces directly with a microcontroller Eliminates any stressing gate kick back on microcontroller Allows straightforward connection of several ACS™ on same cooling pad. COM NC COM COM G NC OUT NC NC SO-8 ACS102-5T1 ■ ■ NC: Not Connected ■ ■ ■ FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM OUT ■ DESCRIPTION The ACS102 belongs to the AC line switch family built around the ASD™ concept. This high performance device is able to control an up to 0.3 A load device. The ACS™ switch embeds a high voltage clamping structure to absorb the inductive turn off energy and a gate level shifter driver to separate the digital controller from the main switch. It is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin. For further technical information, please refer to AN1172 application note. ACS102 S ON D COM G ASD and ACS are a trademarks of STMicroelectronics. October 2001 - Ed: 7B 1/8 ACS102-5Tx ABSOLUTE RATINGS (limiting values) Symbol Parameter VDRM / VRRM Value Unit Tj = 125 °C 500 V TO-92 Tamb = 100 °C 0.2 A SO-8 Tamb = 100 °C 0.2 A 7.3 A Repetitive peak off-state voltage IT(RMS) RMS on-state current full cycle sine wave 50 to 60 Hz ITSM Non repetitive surge peak on-state current Tj initial = 25°C, full cycle sine wave F =50 Hz F =60 Hz 8 A dI/dt Critical rate of repetitive rise of on-state current IG = 10mA with tr = 100ns F =120 Hz 20 A/µs note 1 VPP Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage 2 kV Tstg Storage temperature range - 40 to + 150 °C Tj Operating junction temperature range - 30 to + 125 °C Tl Maximum lead temperature for soldering during 10s 260 °C Value Unit 0.1 W Note 1: according to test described by IEC61000-4-5 standard & Figure 3. SWITCH GATE CHARACTERISTICS (maximum values) Symbol Parameter PG (AV) Average gate power dissipation IGM Peak gate current (tp = 20µs) 1 A VGM Peak positive gate voltage (respect to the pin COM) 5 V THERMAL RESISTANCES Symbol Parameter Rth (j-a) Junction to ambient Rth (j-l) Junction to leads for full AC line cycle conduction Value Unit TO-92 150 °C/W SO-8 * 150 °C/W TO-92 60 °C/W * with 40mm2 copper (ex: 35µm) surface under “com” pins ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS For either positive or negative polarity of pin OUT voltage respect to pin COM voltage excepted note 3*. Symbol Test Conditions IGT VOUT=12V RL=140Ω VGT VOUT=12V RL=140Ω VGD VOUT=VDRM RL=3.3kΩ IOUT= 100mA gate open Tj=25°C IH IL IG= 20mA VTM IOUT = 0.3A IDRM IRRM VOUT = VDRM VOUT = VRRM dV/dt VOUT=400V gate open (dI/dt)c *(Note 3) VCL (dV/dt)c = 5V/µs IOUT > 0 ICL = 1mA tp=1ms Unit 5 mA Tj=25°C MAX Tj=25°C MAX 0.9 V Tj=125°C MIN 0.15 V TYP 20 mA MAX tbd Tj=25°C TYP 25 MAX tbd Tj=25°C MAX 1.2 V Tj=25°C MAX 2 µA Tj=125°C MAX 200 Tj=110°C MIN 300 V/µs Tj=110°C MIN 0.1 A/ms (dV/dt)c = 10V/µs IOUT < 0 tbd = to be defined 2/8 tp=380µs Values mA 0.15 Tj=25°C TYP 600 V ACS102-5Tx AC LINE SWITCH BASIC APPLICATION The ACS102 device is well adapted to washing machines, dish washers, tumble driers, refrigerators, water heaters, and cookware. It has been designed especially to switch on & off low power loads such as solenoids, valves, relays, dispensers, micro-motors, pumps, fans, door locks, and low power lamps bulbs. Pin COM : Common drive reference, to connect to the power line neutral Pin G : Switch Gate input to connect to the digital controller through a resistor Pin OUT : Switch Output, to connect to the load This ACS™ switch is triggered with a negative gate current flowing out of the gate pin G. It can be driven directly by the digital controller through a resistor as shown on the typical application diagram. No protection device are required between the gate and COM terminals. The SO-8 version allows to connect several ACS102 devices on the same cooling PCB pad which is the COM pin. In appliance systems, the ACS102 switch intends to drive low power loads in full cycle ON / OFF mode. The turn off commutation characteristics of these loads are described in Table 1. Thanks to its thermal and turn-off commutation characteristics, the ACS102 switch drives a load, such as door lock, lamp, relay, valve and micro motor, up to 0.2A without any turn-off aid circuit. Switching off the ACS within one full AC line cycle will extend its current up to 0.3 A. Table 1: Low power load turn off commutation requirement (230V AC applications). LOAD (dI/dt)c Load IRMS current (dV/dt)c TURN-OFF DELAY POWER FACTOR (A/ms) (V/µs) (ms) Door lock, lamp < 0.2 1 < 0.1 < 0.15 < 10 Relay Valve Dispenser Micro-motor < 0.2 > 0.7 < 0.1 <5 < 10 Pump Fan < 0.3 > 0.2 < 0.15 < 10 < 20 (A) TYPICAL APPLICATION DIAGRAM LOAD L AC MAINS L N R OUT S ACS102 ON D COM G ST 72 MCU - Vcc 3/8 ACS102-5Tx HIGH INDUCTIVE SWITCH-OFF OPERATION At the end of the last conduction half-cycle, the load current reaches the holding current level IH, and the ACS™ switch turns off. Because of the inductance L of the load, the current flows through the avalanche diode D and decreases linearly to zero. During this time, the voltage across the switch is limited to the clamping voltage VCL. The energy stored in the inductance of the load depends on the holding current IH and the inductance (up to 10 H); it can reach about 20 mJ and is dissipated in the clamping diode section. The ACS™ switch sustains the turn off energy, because its clamping section is designed for that purpose. Fig. 1: Turn-off operation of the ACS102 switch with an electro valve: waveform of the gate current IG, pin OUT current IOUT & voltage VOUT. Fig. 2: ACS102 switch static characteristic. IOUT IOUT (10 mA/div) VCL = 650V IH IH VOUT VCL VOUT (200V/div) Time (400µs/div) AC LINE TRANSIENT VOLTAGE RUGGEDNESS The ACS102 switch is able to withstand safely the AC line transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes or by breaking over under high energy shocks. The test circuit of the figure 3 is representative of the final ACS™ application and is also used to stress the ACS™ switch according to the IEC61000-4-5 standard conditions. Thanks to the load, the ACS™ switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV above the peak line voltage. It will break over safely even on resistive load where the turn on current rate of increase is high as shown on figure 4. Such non repetitive test can be done 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity. Fig. 3: Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads according to IEC61000-4-5 standard. R = 150Ω, L = 5µH, VPP = 2kV. R Fig. 4: Current and Voltage of the ACS™ during IEC61000-4-5 standard test with R = 150Ω, L = 5µH & VPP = 2kV. L Vout (200 V/div) OUT AC LINE & SURGE VOLTAGE GENERATOR ACSxx S VAC + V PP Iout (2.5 A/div) ON D COM G RG= 220Ω 4/8 dI/dt = 70 A/µs ACS102-5Tx Fig. 5: Maximum power dissipation versus RMS on-state current. P(W) 0.20 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 IT(RMS)(A) 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.18 0.20 Fig. 7-1: Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration (ACS102-5TA) (TO-92). Fig. 6: RMS on-state current versus ambient temperature. IT(RMS)(A) 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 Tamb(°C) 0.00 0 20 40 60 Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a) 120 140 Zth(j-a) / Rth(j-a) 1.00 0.10 0.10 tp(s) 1E-2 100 Fig. 7-2: Relative variation of thermal impedance junction to ambient versus pulse duration (printed circuit board FR4, e(Cu) = 35µm, S(Cu) = 40mm2 under “com” pins) (ACS102-5T1) (SO-8). 1.00 0.01 1E-3 80 1E-1 1E+0 tp(s) 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2 Fig. 8: Relative variation of gate trigger current versus junction temperature. 0.01 1E-3 1E-2 1E-1 1E+0 1E+1 1E+2 5E+2 Fig. 9: Relative variation of holding and latching current versus junction temperature. IH,IL [Tj] / IH,IL [Tj=25°C] IGT [Tj] / IGT [Tj=25°C] 2.0 3.0 1.8 2.5 1.6 1.4 2.0 1.2 1.0 1.5 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.2 Tj(°C) 0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0.0 -40 Tj(°C) -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 5/8 ACS102-5Tx Fig. 10: Surge peak on-state current versus number of cycles. Fig. 11: Non-repetitive surge peak on-state current for a sinusoidal pulse with width tp<10ms, and corresponding value of I2t.. ITSM(A),I²t(A²s) ITSM(A) 9 8 7 6 5 4 Tamb=25°C 3 Repetitive 2 1 Number of cycles 0 1 10 100.0 t=20ms ITSM One cycle 10.0 Tj initial=25°C Non repetitive 1.0 I²t tp(ms) 100 1000 Fig. 12: On-state characteristics (maximum values). 0.1 0.01 0.10 Tj max. Vto = 0.85 V Rd = 400 mΩ VTM(V) 0.01 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 Fig. 14: Relative variation of critical (dI/dt)c versus junction temperature (ACS102-5T1). (dI/dt)c [Tj] / (dI/dt)c [Tj=110°C] 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 Tj(°C) 0 6/8 1.00 10.00 Rth(j-a) (°C/W) 1.00 0.0 0.10 Fig. 13: Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus copper surface under tab (Epoxy printed circuit board FR4, copper thickness under “com” pins: 35µm) (ACS102-5T1). ITM(A) 5.00 0.5 Tj initial=25°C dI/dt limitation: 20A/µs 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 S(mm²) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 ACS102-5Tx ORDERING INFORMATION ACS 1 02 - T X -TR A = TO-92 1 = SO-8 ITRMS 02 = 0.2A AC Switch 5 VDRM 5 = 500V Switch Number TR = SO-8 Tape & Reel Gate sensistivity T = 5 mA PACKAGE OUTLINE MECHANICAL DATA SO-8 REF. DIMENSIONS Millimetres C (Seating Plane) ddd C A2 0.25mm (Gage Plane) A A1 e B h x 45° k L D 8 5 E 1 Min. Max. Min. Max. A 1.35 1.75 0.053 0.069 A1 0.1 0.25 0.004 0.010 A2 1.10 1.65 0.043 0.065 B 0.33 0.51 0.013 0.020 C 0.19 0.25 0.007 0.010 D 4.80 5.00 0.189 0.197 E 3.80 4.00 0.150 0.157 e H 4 Inches 1.27 Typ. 0.05 Typ. H 5.80 6.20 0.228 0.244 h 0.25 0.50 0.010 0.019 L 0.40 1.27 0.016 0.050 k ddd 8° (max) 0.100 0.004 PACKAGE FOOT PRINT SO-8 6.8 0.6 4.2 1.27 7/8 ACS102-5Tx PACKAGE OUTLINE MECHANICAL DATA TO-92 (Plastic) DIMENSIONS REF. A a B Millimeters Min. A Typ. D E Typ. Max. 0.053 4.70 C F Inches Min. 1.35 B C Max. 0.185 2.54 0.100 D 4.40 0.173 E 12.70 0.500 F 3.70 0.146 a 0.45 0.017 OTHER INFORMATION Ordering type Marking Package Weight Base qty Delivery mode ACS102-5TA ACS102 TO-92 0.2g 2500 Bulk ACS102-5TA-TR ACS102 TO-92 0.2g 2000 Tape & reel ACS102-5T1 ACS102 SO-8 0.11g 100 Tube ACS102-5T1-TR ACS102 SO-8 0.11g 2500 Tape & reel ASD and ACS are a trademarks of STMicroelectronics. Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a registered trademark of STMicroelectronics © 2001 STMicroelectronics - Printed in Italy - All rights reserved. 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