TC650/TC651 Tiny Integrated Temperature Sensor & Brushless DC Fan Controller with Overtemperature Alert Features General Description • Integrated Temperature Sensing and Multi-speed Fan Control • Built-in Overtemperature Alert (TOVER) • Temperature-proportional Fan Speed Control for Acoustic Noise Reduction and Longer Fan Life • Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Output Drive for Cost and Power Savings • Solid-state Temperature Sensing • ±1°C (typ.) Accuracy from 25°C to +70°C • Operating Range: 2.8V – 5.5V • TC651 includes Automatic Fan Shutdown • Low Operating Current: 50 µA (typ.) The TC650/TC651 are integrated temperature sensors and brushless DC fan speed controllers. The TC650/ TC651 measure the junction temperature and control the speed of the fan based on that temperature, making them especially suited for applications in modern electronic equipment. Applications • • • • • • Thermal Protection For Personal Computers Digital Set-Top Boxes Notebook Computers Data Communications Power Supplies Projectors Related Literature • Application Note 771 (DS00771) Temperature data is converted from the on-chip thermal sensing element and translated into a fractional fan speed from 40% to 100%. A temperature selection guide in the data sheet is used to choose the low and high temperature limits to control the fan. The TC650/TC651 also include a single trip point overtemperature alert (TOVER) that eliminates the need for additional temperature sensors. In addition, the TC651 features an auto fan shutdown function for additional power savings. The TC650/TC651 are easy to use, require no software overhead and are, therefore, the ideal choice for implementing thermal management in a variety of systems. Package Type 8-Pin MSOP VDD 1 NC 2 SHDN 3 GND 4 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. 8 PWM TC650 TC651 7 GND 6 TOVER 5 NC DS21450C-page 1 TC650/TC651 Typical Application Circuit +12V PICmicro® Microcontroller +5V VDD SHDN Control DC Fan 500 mA TC650 TC651 1 VDD PWM 8 2 NC GND 7 3 SHDN 4 GND CSLOW TOVER 6 NC 5 GND GND Overtemperature Alert DS21450C-page 2 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. TC650/TC651 1.0 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Absolute Maximum Ratings† Input Voltage (VDD to GND) ................................... +6V † Notice: Stresses above those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to Absolute Maximum Rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Output Voltage (OUT to GND) ................................. 6V Voltage On Any Pin ....... (GND – 0.3V) to (VDD + 0.3V) Operating Temperature Range ......... –40°C to +125°C Storage Temperature ........................ –65°C to +150°C DC CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise specified, VDD = 2.8V to 5.5V, SHDN = VDD, TA = –40°C to +125°C. Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Conditions Supply Voltage VDD 2.8 — 5.5 V Supply Current IDD — 50 90 µA SHDN Input High Threshold VIH 65 — — %VDD SHDN Input Low Threshold VIL — — 15 %VDD PWM Output Low Voltage VOL — — 0.3 V ISINK = 1 mA PWM Output High Voltage VOH VDD – 0.5 — — V ISOURCE = 5 mA PWM Rise Time tR — 10 — µs IOH = 5 mA, 1 nF from PWM to GND PWM Fall Time tF — 10 — µs IOL = 1 mA, 1 nF from PWM to GND fOUT 10 15 — Hz tSTARTUP — 32/fOUT — sec PWM, TOVER are open SHDN Input PWM Output PWM Frequency Start-up Time VDD Rises from GND or SHDN Released Temperature Accuracy High Temperature Accuracy TH ACC TH – 3 TH TH + 3 °C Note 1 –1.0 — +1.0 °C (TH – TL) ≤ 20°C –2.5 — +2.5 °C (TH – TL) ≥ 20°C THYST — (TH -TL)/5 — °C TC651 Only TOVER Output High Voltage VHIGH VDD – 0.5 — — V ISOURCE = 1.2 mA TOVER Output Low Voltage VLOW — — 0.4 V ISINK = 2.5 mA Absolute Accuracy TOVER ACC — TH + 10 — °C At Trip Point Trip Point Hysteresis TOVER HYST — 5 — °C Temperature Range Accuracy (TH –TL) ACC Auto-shutdown Hysteresis TOVER Output Note 1: Transition from 90% to 100% Duty Cycle. 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450C-page 3 TC650/TC651 TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS Electrical Specifications: Unless otherwise noted, VDD = 2.8V to 5.5V, SHDN = VDD, TA = -40°C to +125°C. Parameters Sym Min Typ Max Units Specified Temperature Range TA –40 — +125 °C Maximum Junction Temperature TJ — — +150 °C Storage Temperature Range TA –65 — +150 °C θJA — 206.3 — °C/W Conditions Temperature Ranges Package Thermal Resistances Thermal Resistance, 8L-MSOP DS21450C-page 4 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. TC650/TC651 2.0 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CURVES Note: The graphs and tables provided following this note are a statistical summary based on a limited number of samples and are provided for informational purposes only. The performance characteristics listed herein are not tested or guaranteed. In some graphs or tables, the data presented may be outside the specified operating range (e.g., outside specified power supply range) and therefore outside the warranted range. Note: Unless otherwise indicated, VDD = 2.8V to 5.5V, SHDN = VDD, TA = –40°C to +125°C. 90 3.0 80 2.5 VDD = 5.6 60 IDD (µA) Temp Accuracy (°C) 70 50 40 VDD = 2.7 30 20 2.0 1.5 1.0 VDD = 5.6 0.5 10 0.0 0 -50 -25 0 50 25 75 100 125 150 VDD = 2.7 T1 TL T2 FIGURE 2-1: IDD vs. Temperature. FIGURE 2-4: VTH. 500 1.0 450 0.9 400 VDD - VOH (V) VOL (mV) 300 VDD = 5.5V 250 200 150 TH Temperature Accuracy vs. 0.7 VDD = 2.8V 0.6 VDD = 5.5V 0.5 0.4 0.3 100 50 0.0 T4 0.8 VDD = 2.8V 350 T3 TTHRESHOLD TEMPERATURE (°C) 0.2 TA = +25°C 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0.1 0.0 ISINK (mA) FIGURE 2-2: PWM, ISINK vs. VOL. FIGURE 2-5: (VDD – VOH). TA = +25°C 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 ISOURCE (mA) PWM, ISOURCE vs. 1.0 0.9 VDD = 2.8V VDD - VOH (V) 0.8 0.7 0.6 VDD = 5.5V 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 TA = +25°C 0.1 0.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ISOURCE (mA) FIGURE 2-3: (VDD – VOH). TOVER, ISOURCE vs. 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450C-page 5 TC650/TC651 3.0 PIN DESCRIPTION The descriptions of the pins are listed in Table 3-1. TABLE 3-1: PIN FUNCTION TABLE Pin No. Symbol 1 VDD Power Supply Input 2 NC No Internal Connect 3 SHDN 4 GND 5 NC 6 TOVER 7 GND Ground 8 PWM PWM Fan Drive Output 3.1 Description Fan Shutdown, Active-low Input 1 = Fan in normal operation 0 = Fan in shutdown Ground No Connect Overtemperature Alert, Active-low Output 1 = Overtemperature condition does not exist 0 = The device is in the overtemperature condition. The fan is driven at 100%. Potential exists for system over-heating Power Supply Input 3.4 Overtemperature Alert May be independent of fan power supply. Active-low output. 3.2 3.5 Fan Shutdown, Active-low Input During Shutdown mode, the chip still monitors temperature. TOVER is low if temperature rises above factory set point. 3.3 PWM Fan Drive Output Pulse width modulated rail-to-rail logic output. Nominal frequency is 15 Hz. Ground Ground return for all TC650/TC651 functions. DS21450C-page 6 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. TC650/TC651 4.0 DETAILED DESCRIPTION 4.2 The TC650/TC651 acquire and convert their junction temperature (TJ) information from an on-chip, solidstate sensor with a typical accuracy of ±1°C. The temperature data is digitally stored in an internal register. The register is compared with pre-defined threshold values. The six threshold values are equally distributed over a pre-defined range of temperatures (see Table 41). The TC650/TC651 control the speed of a DC brushless fan using a fractional speed-control scheme. The output stage requires only a 2N2222-type, small-signal BJT for fans up to 300 mA. For larger current fans (up to 1 amp), a logic-level N-channel MOSFET may be used. In addition to controlling the speed of the fan, the TC650/TC651 include an on-chip overtemperature alarm (TOVER) that gives a low signal when the temperature of the chip exceeds TH by 10°C (typical). This feature eliminates the need for a separate temperature sensor for overtemperature monitoring. Figure 4-1 shows the block diagram of the device. TOVER VDD Temperature Set Point and Trim Range V+ SHDN Duty Cycle Logic Control PWM A/D Converter Oscillator Temperature Sensor FIGURE 4-1: 4.1 Functional Block Diagram. PWM Output The PWM pin is designed to drive a low-cost transistor or MOSFET as the low-side, power-switching element in the system. This output has an asymmetric complementary drive and is optimized for driving NPN transistors or N-channel MOSFETs. Since the system relies on PWM rather than linear power control, the dissipation in the power switch is kept to a minimum. Generally, very small devices (TO-92 or SOT packages) will suffice. The frequency of the PWM is about 15 Hz. The PWM is also the time base for the Start-up Timer (see Section 4.2 “Start-Up Timer”). The PWM duty cycle has a range of 40% to 100% for the TC650 and 50% to 100% for the TC651. 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Start-Up Timer To ensure reliable fan start-up, the Start-up Timer turns PWM high for about 2 seconds whenever the fan is started from the off state. This occurs at power-up and when coming out of Shutdown mode. 4.3 Overtemperature Alert (TOVER) This pin goes low when the TH set point is exceeded by 10°C (typical). This indicates that the fan is at maximum drive and the potential exists for system overheating; either heat dissipation in the system has gone beyond the cooling system's design limits or some fault exists (such as fan bearing failure or an airflow obstruction). This output may be treated as a “System Overheat” warning and be used to either trigger system shutdown or bring other fans in the system to full speed. The fan will continue to run at full speed while TOVER is asserted. Built-in hysteresis prevents TOVER from “chattering” when the measured temperature is at or near the TH + 10°C trip point. As temperature falls through the TH + 10°C trip point, hysteresis maintains the TOVER output low until the measured temperature is 5°C above the trip point setting. 4.4 Shutdown (SHDN) The fan can be unconditionally shut down by pulling the SHDN pin low. During shutdown, the PWM output is low; ideal for notebook computers and other portable applications where you need to change batteries and must not have the fan running at that time. Thermal monitoring and TOVER are still in operation during shutdown. IDD shutdown current is around 50 µA. 4.5 Auto-shutdown Mode The TC651 features auto-shutdown. When the temperature is below the factory set point at minimum speed (TL), PWM is low and the fan is automatically shut off (Auto-shutdown mode). This feature is ideal for notebook computers and other portable equipment that need to conserve as much battery power as possible and, thus, run a fan when it is only absolutely needed. The TC651 will continue to be active in order to monitor temperature for TOVER. The TC651 exits Autoshutdown mode when the temperature rises above the factory set point (T1). DS21450C-page 7 TC650/TC651 4.6 Temperature Selection Guide (Minimum Fan Speed/Full Speed) There are two temperature thresholds that determine the characteristics of the device. The minimum fan speed temperature (TL) and the full fan speed temperature (TH). Depending on the TC65X device selected, when the temperature is below the TL trip point, the PWM output will perform a different operation. For the TC650, the PWM will be driven at the minimum PWM frequency, while the TC651 will shut down the PWM (PWM = L). TL and TH can be selected in 5°C increments. TL can range from 25°C to 35°C. TH can range from 35°C to 55°C and must be 10°C (or more) than the specified TL. The five temperature regions defined by the six thresholds are defined in the TC650/TC651 by means of factory trimming. Once a TL and TH are set, the T1 – T4 thresholds are automatically equally spaced between TL and TH. Table 4-1 shows these 5 regions and what the corresponding PWM duty cycle is. TABLE 4-1: TC650 (Minimum Speed mode) TC651 (Auto-shutdown mode) T < TL 40% Off TL< = T < T1 50% 50% T1 < = T < T2 60% 60% T2 < = T <T3 70% 70% T3 < = T < T4 80% 80% T4 < = T < TH 90% 90% 100% 100% TH < = T < TOV TOV < = T Note 1: Example 1: Suppose you wanted the fan to run at 40% speed at 25°C or less and go to fullspeed at 45°C. You would order the part number TC650AEVUA. Example 2: Suppose you wanted the fan to turn on at 30°C and go to full speed at 45°C. You would order the part number TC651BEVUA. TABLE 4-2: DEVICE CODES FOR TEMPERATURE THRESHOLDS Temp. Threshold Difference TL TH Threshold Limits Code 10°C 25 35 AC (1) 30 40 BD (2) 35 45 CE (2) 25 40 AD (2) 30 45 BE (1) 35 50 CF (2) 25 45 AE (1) 30 50 BF (2) 35 55 CG (1) 25 55 AG (1) TEMPERATURE RANGE DEFINITION PWM Duty Cycle Temperature (T = TJ) (Note 1) Table 4-2 shows the device codes that specify the TH and TL temperature thresholds. The following examples are given to assist in understanding the deviceordering nomenclature. 15°C 20°C 30°C Note 1: 2: This temperature threshold option is available for ordering. This is a custom temperature threshold option. Please contact the factory for more information. 100% with Overtemperature Alert (TOVER = L) The temperature regions defined by the six temperature thresholds are predefined in the TC650/TC651 by means of factory trimming. Once a TL and TH are programmed, the T1 – T4 thresholds are automatically equally spaced between TL and TH. DS21450C-page 8 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. TC650/TC651 5.0 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 5.1 Reducing Switching Noise For fans consuming more than 300 mA, a slowdown capacitor (CSLOW) is recommended for reducing switching PWM induced noise (see Figure 5-1). The value of this capacitor should be 4.7 µF to 47 µF, depending on the fan current consumption. See Application Note 771, “Suppressing Acoustic Noise in PWM Fan Speed Control Systems” (DS00771), for more information. +12V PICmicro® Microcontroller +5V VDD SHDN Control DC Fan 500 mA TC650 TC651 1 VDD PWM 8 2 NC GND 7 3 SHDN 4 GND CSLOW TOVER 6 NC 5 GND GND Overtemperature Alert FIGURE 5-1: Reducing Switching Noise. 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450C-page 9 TC650/TC651 6.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION 6.1 Package Marking Information Example: 8-Lead MSOP 650ACV 406256 XXXXX YWWNNN Legend: XX...X Y WW NNN Note: * Customer specific information* Year code (last digit of calendar year) Week code (week of January 1 is week ‘01’) Alphanumeric traceability code In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it will be carried over to the next line thus limiting the number of available characters for customer specific information. Standard device marking consists of Microchip part number, year code, week code, and traceability code. DS21450C-page 10 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. TC650/TC651 8-Lead Plastic Micro Small Outline Package (MS) (MSOP) E E1 p D 2 B n 1 α A2 A c φ A1 (F) L β Units Dimension Limits n p MIN INCHES NOM MAX MILLIMETERS* NOM 8 0.65 BSC 0.75 0.85 0.00 4.90 BSC 3.00 BSC 3.00 BSC 0.40 0.60 0.95 REF 0° 0.08 0.22 5° 5° - MIN 8 Number of Pins .026 BSC Pitch A .043 Overall Height A2 .030 .033 .037 Molded Package Thickness A1 .000 .006 Standoff E .193 TYP. Overall Width E1 .118 BSC Molded Package Width D .118 BSC Overall Length L .016 .024 .031 Foot Length Footprint (Reference) F .037 REF φ 0° 8° Foot Angle c Lead Thickness .003 .006 .009 .009 .012 .016 Lead Width B α 5°5° 15° Mold Draft Angle Top β 5°5° 15° Mold Draft Angle Bottom *Controlling Parameter Notes: Dimensions D and E1 do not include mold flash or protrusions. Mold flash or protrusions shall not exceed .010" (0.254mm) per side. MAX 1.10 0.95 0.15 0.80 8° 0.23 0.40 15° 15° JEDEC Equivalent: MO-187 Drawing No. C04-111 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450C-page 11 TC650/TC651 6.2 Product Tape and Reel Specifications FIGURE 6-1: EMBOSSED CARRIER DIMENSIONS Top Cover Tape A0 W B0 K0 P TABLE 1: CARRIER TAPE/CAVITY DIMENSIONS Case Outline Carrier Dimensions Package Type MS MSOP FIGURE 1: 8L Cavity Dimensions W mm P mm A0 mm B0 mm K0 mm 12 8 5.3 3.6 1.4 Output Quantity Units Reel Diameter in mm 2500 330 MSOP DEVICES User Direction of Feed Pin 1 Pin 1 W, Width of Carrier Tape P, Pitch Standard Reel Component Orientation DS21450C-page 12 Reverse Reel Component Orientation 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. TC650/TC651 PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM To order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office. PART NO. Device XX X XX Examples: Temperature Temperature Package Threshold Range Limit Device: a) b) TC650: Temp Sensor & Brushless DC Fan Controller / Overtemperature Alert (minimum speed) TC651: Temp Sensor & Brushless DC Fan Controller / Overtemperature Alert (auto shutdown) c) d) e) Temperature Threshold Limit: Temperature Difference TL (1,2) TH (1,3) Threshold Limit Code 10°C 25 30 35 35 40 45 AC BD CE 15°C 25 30 35 40 45 50 AD BE CF 20°C 25 30 35 45 50 55 AE BF CG 30°C 25 55 AG f) g) TC650ACVUA: Temp Sensor TL = 25, TH = 35 TC651ACVUATR: Temp Sensor TL = 25, TH = 35 Tape and Reel TC650AEVUA: Temp Sensor TL = 25, TH = 45 TC651AGVUA: Temp Sensor TL = 25, TH = 55 TC650BEVUA: Temp Sensor TL = 30, TH = 45 TC651CGVUA: Temp Sensor TL = 35, TH = 55 TC650CGVUATR: Temp Sensor TL = 35, TH = 55 Tape and Reel 1. TL and TH can be selected in 5°C increments. 2. TL can range from 25°C to 35°C. 3. TH can range from 35°C to 55°C and must be at least 10°C higher than TL. Temperature Range: V = -40°C to +125°C (Extended) Package: UA = Plastic Micro Small Outline (MSOP), 8-lead UATR = Plastic Micro Small Outline (MSOP), 8-lead (Tape and Reel) Sales and Support Data Sheets Products supported by a preliminary Data Sheet may have an errata sheet describing minor operational differences and recommended workarounds. To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please contact one of the following: 1. 2. 3. Your local Microchip sales office The Microchip Corporate Literature Center U.S. FAX: (480) 792-7277 The Microchip Worldwide Site (www.microchip.com) Please specify which device, revision of silicon and Data Sheet (include Literature #) you are using. Customer Notification System Register on our web site (www.microchip.com/cn) to receive the most current information on our products. 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. DS21450C-page 13 TC650/TC651 NOTES: DS21450C-page 14 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices: • Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet. • Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions. • There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip’s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property. • Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code. • Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as “unbreakable.” Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of our products. Attempts to break Microchip’s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such acts allow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act. Information contained in this publication regarding device applications and the like is intended through suggestion only and may be superseded by updates. It is your responsibility to ensure that your application meets with your specifications. No representation or warranty is given and no liability is assumed by Microchip Technology Incorporated with respect to the accuracy or use of such information, or infringement of patents or other intellectual property rights arising from such use or otherwise. Use of Microchip’s products as critical components in life support systems is not authorized except with express written approval by Microchip. No licenses are conveyed, implicitly or otherwise, under any intellectual property rights. Trademarks The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, KEELOQ, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC, and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. AmpLab, FilterLab, MXDEV, MXLAB, PICMASTER, SEEVAL, SmartSensor and The Embedded Control Solutions Company are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. Analog-for-the-Digital Age, Application Maestro, dsPICDEM, dsPICDEM.net, dsPICworks, ECAN, ECONOMONITOR, FanSense, FlexROM, fuzzyLAB, In-Circuit Serial Programming, ICSP, ICEPIC, Migratable Memory, MPASM, MPLIB, MPLINK, MPSIM, PICkit, PICDEM, PICDEM.net, PICLAB, PICtail, PowerCal, PowerInfo, PowerMate, PowerTool, rfLAB, rfPICDEM, Select Mode, Smart Serial, SmartTel and Total Endurance are trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. SQTP is a service mark of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2004, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved. Printed on recycled paper. Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 quality system certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona and Mountain View, California in October 2003. The Company’s quality system processes and procedures are for its PICmicro® 8-bit MCUs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip’s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified. 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. 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