CONEXANT BT8376

Bt8370/8375/8376
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The Bt8370/8375/8376 is a family of single chip transceivers for T1/E1 and Integrated
Service Digital Network (ISDN) primary rate interfaces, operating at 1.544 Mbps or
2.048 Mbps. These devices combine a sophisticated framer, transmit and receive slip
buffers, and an on-chip physical line interface to provide a complete T1/E1 transceiver.
The fully featured Bt8370 and short-haul Bt8375 and Bt8376 devices provide a
programmable clock rate adapter for simplifying system bus interfacing. The adapter
synthesizes standard clock signals from the receive or transmit line rate clocks or from an
external reference.
Operations are controlled through memory-mapped registers accessible via a parallel
microprocessor port. Current ANSI, ETSI, ITU-T, and Bellcore standards are supported for
alarm and error monitoring, signaling supervision (e.g., LAPD/SS7), per-channel trunk
conditioning, and Facility Data Link (FDL) maintenance. A serial Time Division Multiplexed
(TDM) system bus interface allows the backplane Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) data
highway to operate at rates from 1.536 to 8.192 Mbps. Extensive test and diagnostic
functions include a full set of digital and analog loopbacks, PRBS test pattern generation,
BER meter, and forced error insertion.
The physical line interface circuit recovers clock and data from analog signals with +3 to
–43 dB cable attenuation, appropriate for both short (–18 dB) and long-haul T1/E1
applications. Receive line equalization (EQ) and transmit Line Build Out (LBO) filters are
implemented using Digital Signal Processor (DSP) circuits for reliable performance. Data
and/or clock jitter attenuation can be inserted on either the receive or transmit path. The
transmit section includes precision pulse shaping and amplitude pre-emphasis for cross
connect applications, as well as a set of LBO filters for long-haul Channel Service Unit
(CSU) applications. A complementary driver output is provided to couple 75/100/120 Ω
lines via an external transformer.
Distinguishing Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Receive
RX
ZCS
Decode
EQ
Analog
RPLL
T1/E1
Receive
Framer
TX or RX
Jitter
Attenuator
TX
Analog
Pulse
LBO
ZCS
Encode
Overhead
Insertion
JTAG
Test Port
Data Sheet
Receive
System
Bus
TX
Slip
Buffer
Transmit
System
Bus
T1/E1
Transmit
Framer
Control/Status
Registers
Data Link Controllers
DL1 + DL2
Clock Rate
Adaptor
Motorola/Intel
Processor Bus
Dual-Rail/NRZ/
External DL3
CLAD I/O
On-chip physical line interface
compatible with:
Two-frame transmit and receive PCM
slip buffers
Clock rate adapter synthesizes jitter
attenuated system clocks from an
internal or external reference
Parallel 8-bit microprocessor port
supports Intel or Motorola buses
Automated Facility Data Link (FDL)
management
BERT generation and counting
Two full-duplex HDLC controllers for
data link and LAPD/SS7 signaling
B8ZS/HDB3/Bit 7 zero suppression
80-pin MQFP surface-mount package
Operates from a single +5 Vdc ±5%
power supply
Low-power CMOS technology
Applications
•
•
TPLL
Transmit
RX
Slip
Buffer
– T1: SF, ESF, SLC 96, T1DM
– E1: PCM-30, G.704, G.706, G.732
ISDN primary rate
– DSX-1/E1 short-haul signals
– DS-1 (T1.403) and ETSI long-haul
signals
•
•
•
Functional Block Diagram
Single-chip T1/E1 framer with
short/long-haul physical line
interface
Frames to popular T1/E1 standards:
•
•
•
•
T1/E1 Channel Service Unit/Data
Service Unit (CSU/DSU)
Digital Access Cross-Connect
Systems (DACS)
T1/E1 Multiplexer (MUX)
PBXs and PCM channel bank
T1/E1 HDSL terminal unit
ISDN Primary Rate Access (PRA)
N8370DSE
June 30, 1999
Bt8370EVM—Bt8370 Evaluation Module, Quad T1/E1 ISDN PRI Board
T1 or E1 connection at DSX or CSU levels
Address
Bus
MC68302
Microprocessor
9
Bt8370
Bt8370
Bt8370
Bt8370
Bt8370
Data Bus
8
RS232 User
Interface
Local PCM Highway (128 Channel, 8 MHz)
An evaluation module is available and provides a convenient platform to test and evaluate Bt8370 performance and features. The Bt8370EVM provides up to four T1/E1 transceivers, all necessary line interface circuitry for T1 and E1 connections, and a simple RS232 serial user interface for setting device parameters and displaying status information on
any VT100 compatible terminal. Contact the local sales representative for ordering information and pricing.
Ordering Information
Operating Temperature
Reduced Features(1)
Model Number
Package
Bt8370EPF
80-Pin MQFP
–40 to 85 °C
none
Bt8370KPF
80-Pin MQFP
0 to 70 °C
none
Bt8375EPF
80-Pin MQFP
–40 to 85 °C
Short-Haul
Bt8375KPF
80-Pin MQFP
0 to 70 °C
Short-Haul
Bt8376EPF
80-Pin MQFP
–40 to 85 °C
Short-Haul, No CLAD output
Bt8376KPF
80-Pin MQFP
0 to 70 °C
Short-Haul, No CLAD output
NOTE(S):
(1)
Cost reduced Bt8375 and Bt8376 are pin and register-compatible versions of Bt8370 with reduced features. Contact the local
sales representative for ordering information and pricing.
Information provided by Conexant Systems, Inc. (Conexant) is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is
assumed by Conexant for its use, nor any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No
license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent rights of Conexant other than for circuitry embodied in Conexant
products. Conexant reserves the right to change circuitry at any time without notice. This document is subject to change without
notice.
Conexant and “What’s Next in Communications Technologies” are trademarks of Conexant Systems, Inc.
Product names or services listed in this publication are for identification purposes only, and may be trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective companies. All other marks mentioned herein are the property of their respective holders.
© 1999 Conexant Systems, Inc.
Printed in U.S.A.
All Rights Reserved
Reader Response: To improve the quality of our publications, we welcome your feedback. Please send comments or
suggestions via e-mail to Conexant Reader [email protected]. Sorry, we can't answer your technical
questions at this address. Please contact your local Conexant sales office or applications engineer if you have
technical questions.
N8370DSE
Conexant
Table of Contents
List of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xii
List of Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
1.0
Pin Descriptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
1.1
2.0
Pin Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1
Circuit Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.1
Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1
2.2
Receive Line Interface Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
2.2.1
2.2.2
Data Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.2.1.1
Automatic Gain Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.2.1.2
Variable Gain Amplifier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.2.1.3
Adaptive Equalizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
2.2.1.4
Data Slicer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7
Clock Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.2.2.1
Phase Locked Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.3
Jitter Attenuator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.3.1
Elastic Store. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
2.4
Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.4.4
N8370DSE
ZCS Decoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
In-Band Loopback Code Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-15
Error Counters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.4.3.1
Frame Bit Error Counter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.4.3.2
CRC Error Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.4.3.3
LCV Error Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
2.4.3.4
FEBE Counter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-16
Error Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-17
Conexant
iii
Bt8370/8375/8376
Table of Contents
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.5
2.4.6
2.4.7
2.4.8
2.4.9
2.4.10
2.5
Receive System Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
2.5.1
2.5.2
2.5.3
2.5.4
2.5.5
Timebase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-35
Slip Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
Signaling Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-37
Signaling Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
Embedded Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
2.6
Clock Rate Adapter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-39
2.6.1
Configuring the CLAD Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
2.7
Transmit System Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
2.7.1
2.7.2
2.7.3
2.7.4
2.7.5
2.8
Timebase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
Slip Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-48
Signaling Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-49
Transmit Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
Embedded Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-52
Transmitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
2.8.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.8.4
iv
Alarm Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
2.4.5.1
Loss of Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
2.4.5.2
Loss of Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-18
2.4.5.3
Analog Loss of Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.4.5.4
Alarm Indication Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.4.5.5
Yellow Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.4.5.6
Multiframe YEL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.4.5.7
Severely Errored Frame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.4.5.8
Change of Frame Alignment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
2.4.5.9
Receive Multiframe AIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-19
Test Pattern Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-20
Receive Framing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-21
External Receive Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
Sa-Byte Receive Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
Receive Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
2.4.10.1 Data Link Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
2.4.10.2 RBOP Receiver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-31
External Transmit Data Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
Transmit Data Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
2.8.2.1
Data Link Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
2.8.2.2
PRM Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
Sa-Byte Overwrite Buffer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-59
Overhead Pattern Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
2.8.4.1
Framing Pattern Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
2.8.4.2
Alarm Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-60
2.8.4.3
CRC Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
2.8.4.4
Far-End Block Error Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Table of Contents
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.8.5
2.8.6
2.8.7
2.8.8
2.9
Test Pattern Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-63
Transmit Error Insertion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-64
In-Band Loopback Code Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
ZCS Encoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-65
Transmit Line Interface Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
2.9.1
2.9.2
2.9.3
2.9.4
2.9.5
Pulse Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
Transmit Phase Lock Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76
2.9.2.1
Clock Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76
2.9.2.2
Output Jitter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77
Line Build Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-77
Line Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
2.9.4.1
Termination Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
2.9.4.2
Return Loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
2.9.4.3
Output Enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
Pulse Imbalance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
2.10 Microprocessor Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
2.10.1
2.10.2
2.10.3
2.10.4
Address/Data Bus. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84
Bus Control Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84
Interrupt Requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84
Device Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
2.10.4.1 Power-On Reset (POR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
2.10.4.2 Hardware Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
2.10.4.3 Software Reset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-85
2.11 Loopbacks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
2.11.1
2.11.2
2.11.3
2.11.4
2.11.5
2.11.6
Remote Line Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
Remote Payload Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
Remote Per-Channel Loopbacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-86
Local Analog Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87
Local Framer Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87
Local Per-Channel Loopback. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-87
2.12 Joint Test Access Group . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88
2.12.1
2.12.2
N8370DSE
Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88
Device Identification Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
Conexant
v
Bt8370/8375/8376
Table of Contents
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.0
Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.1
Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
3.2
Global Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
000—Device Identification (DID) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
001—Primary Control Register (CR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9
002—Jitter Attenuator Configuration (JAT_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-11
3.3
Interrupt Control Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
003—Interrupt Request Register (IRR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13
3.4
Interrupt Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
004—Alarm 1 Interrupt Status (ISR7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-16
005—Alarm 2 Interrupt Status (ISR6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-17
006—Error Interrupt Status (ISR5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-18
007—Counter Overflow Interrupt Status (ISR4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
008—Timer Interrupt Status (ISR3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-19
009—Data Link 1 Interrupt Status (ISR2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-20
00A—Data Link 2 Interrupt Status (ISR1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-21
00B—Pattern Interrupt Status (ISR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-22
3.5
Interrupt Enable Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
00C—Alarm 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
00D—Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-23
00E—Error Interrupt Enable Register (IER5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
00F—Count Overflow Interrupt Enable Register (IER4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
010—Timer Interrupt Enable Register (IER3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
011—Data Link 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-25
012—Data Link 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
013—Pattern Interrupt Enable Register (IER0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-26
3.6
Primary Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
014—Loopback Configuration Register (LOOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-27
015—External Data Link Time Slot (DL3_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-28
016—External Data Link Bit (DL3_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
017—Offline Framer Status (FSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-29
018—Programmable Input/Output (PIO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-32
019—Programmable Output Enable (POE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-35
01A—Clock Input Mux (CMUX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-36
01B—Test Mux Configuration (TMUX) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
01C—Test Configuration (TEST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-37
vi
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Table of Contents
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.7
Receive LIU Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
020—LIU Configuration (LIU_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-39
021—Receive LIU Status (RSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-40
022—Receive LIU Configuration (RLIU_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-41
023—RPLL Low Pass Filter (LPF). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
024—Variable Gain Amplifier Maximum (VGA_MAX). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
025—Equalizer Coefficient Data Register (EQ_DAT). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43
026—Equalizer Coefficient Table Pointer (EQ_PTR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43
027—Data Slicer Threshold (DSLICE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-43
028—Equalizer Output Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-44
029—Variable Gain Amplifier Status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
02A—Pre_Equalizer (PRE_EQ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
030–037—LMS Adjusted Equalizer Coefficient Status (COEFF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
038–03C—Equalizer Gain Thresholds (GAIN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-46
3.8
Receiver Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47
040—Receiver Configuration (RCR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-47
041—Receive Test Pattern Configuration (RPATT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-48
042—Receive Loopback Code Detector Configuration (RLB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
043—Loopback Activate Code Pattern (LBA). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-50
044—Loopback Deactivate Code Pattern (LBD) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
045—Receive Alarm Signal Configuration (RALM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-51
046—Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration (LATCH) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-52
047—Alarm 1 Status (ALM1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53
048—Alarm 2 Status (ALM2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-56
049—Alarm 3 Status (ALM3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-57
3.9
Performance Monitoring Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
050—Framing Bit Error Counter LSB (FERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
051—Framing Bit Error Counter MSB (FERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
052—CRC Error Counter LSB (CERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-58
053—CRC Error Counter MSB (CERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
054—Line Code Violation Counter LSB (LCV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
055—Line Code Violation Counter MSB (LCV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
056—Far End Block Error Counter LSB (FEBE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
057—Far End Block Error Counter MSB (FEBE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-59
058—PRBS Bit Error Counter LSB (BERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60
059—PRBS Bit Error Counter MSB (BERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60
05A—SEF/LOF/COFA Alarm Counter (AERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-60
3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-61
05B—Receive Sa4 Byte Buffer (RSA4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
05C—Receive Sa5 Byte Buffer (RSA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
05D—Receive Sa6 Byte Buffer (RSA6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
05E—Receive Sa7 Byte Buffer (RSA7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
05F—Receive Sa8 Byte Buffer (RSA8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-61
3-61
3-62
3-62
3-63
vii
Bt8370/8375/8376
Table of Contents
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.11 Transmit LIU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
060–067—Transmit Pulse Shape Configuration (SHAPE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
068—Transmit LIU Configuration (TLIU_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-64
3.12 Transmitter Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67
070—Transmit Framer Configuration (TCR0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-67
071—Transmitter Configuration (TCR1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
072—Transmit Frame Format (TFRM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-73
073—Transmit Error Insert (TERROR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-74
074—Transmit Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration (TMAN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-75
075—Transmit Alarm Signal Configuration (TALM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-76
076—Transmit Test Pattern Configuration (TPATT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-77
077—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration (TLB) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-79
078—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Pattern (LBP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-79
3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-80
07B—Transmit Sa4 Byte Buffer (TSA4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
07C—Transmit Sa5 Byte Buffer (TSA5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
07D—Transmit Sa6 Byte Buffer (TSA6). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
07E—Transmit Sa7 Byte Buffer (TSA7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
07F—Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer (TSA8) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3-80
3-80
3-81
3-81
3-82
3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83
090—Clock Rate Adapter Configuration (CLAD_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-83
091—CLAD Frequency Select (CSEL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-84
092—CLAD Phase Detector Scale Factor (CPHASE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-85
093—CLAD Test (CTEST) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-86
3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87
0A0—Bit Oriented Protocol Transceiver (BOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87
0A1—Transmit BOP Codeword (TBOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-89
0A2—Receive BOP Codeword (RBOP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-90
0A3—BOP Status (BOP_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-90
3.16 Data Link Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-91
0A4—DL1 Time Slot Enable (DL1_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-91
0A5—DL1 Bit Enable (DL1_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-92
0A6—DL1 Control (DL1_CTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-92
0A7—RDL #1 FIFO Fill Control (RDL1_FFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-95
0A8—Receive Data Link FIFO #1 (RDL1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-96
0A9—RDL #1 Status (RDL1_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-97
0AA—Performance Report Message (PRM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-98
0AB—TDL #1 FIFO Empty Control (TDL1_FEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-99
0AC—TDL #1 End Of Message Control (TDL1_EOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-100
0AD—Transmit Data Link FIFO #1 (TDL1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-100
0AE—TDL #1 Status (TDL1_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-100
0AF—DL2 Time Slot Enable (DL2_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-101
viii
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Table of Contents
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0B0—DL2 Bit Enable (DL2_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-102
0B1—DL2 Control (DL2_CTL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-102
0B2—RDL #2 FIFO Fill Control (RDL2_FFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-104
0B3—Receive Data Link FIFO #2 (RDL2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-106
0B4—RDL #2 Status (RDL2_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-107
0B6—TDL #2 FIFO Empty Control (TDL2_FEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-108
0B7—TDL #2 End Of Message Control (TDL2_EOM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-108
0B8—Transmit Data Link FIFO #2 (TDL2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-109
0B9—TDL #2 Status (TDL2_STAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-109
0BA—DLINK Test Configuration (DL_TEST1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110
0BB—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110
0BC—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110
0BD—DLINK Test Control #1 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-110
0BE—DLINK Test Control #2 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-111
3.17 System Bus Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-112
0D0—System Bus Interface Configuration (SBI_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-112
0D1—Receive System Bus Configuration (RSB_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-114
0D2—RSB Sync Bit Offset (RSYNC_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-115
0D3—RSB Sync Time Slot Offset (RSYNC_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-116
0D4—Transmit System Bus Configuration (TSB_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-117
0D5—TSB Sync Bit Offset (TSYNC_BIT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-119
0D6—TSB Sync Time Slot Offset (TSYNC_TS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-119
0D7—Receive Signaling Configuration (RSIG_CR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-121
0D8—Signaling Reinsertion Frame Offset (RSYNC_FRM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-123
0D9—Slip Buffer Status (SSTAT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-123
0DA—Receive Signaling Stack (STACK) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-126
0DB—RSLIP Phase Status (RPHASE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-127
0DC—TSLIP Phase Status (TPHASE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-127
0DD—RAM Parity Status (PERR) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-128
0E0–0FF—System Bus Per-Channel Control (SBCn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-128
100–11F—Transmit Per-Channel Control (TPCn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-129
120–13F—Transmit Signaling Buffer (TSIGn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-131
140–15F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-132
160–17F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-132
180–19F—Receive Per-Channel Control (RPCn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-133
1A0–1BF—Receive Signaling Buffer (RSIGn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-134
1C0–1DF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-135
1E0–1FF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-135
3.18 Register Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-136
N8370DSE
Conexant
ix
Bt8370/8375/8376
Table of Contents
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
4.0
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
4.1
5.0
External Component Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
Electrical/Mechanical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.1
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
5.2
Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.3
Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
5.4
AC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
5.5
MPU Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
5.6
System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
5.7
JTAG Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
5.8
Mechanical Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
Appendix A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
A.1
Superframe Format (SF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
A.2
T1DM Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
A.3
SLC 96 Format (SLC). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
A.4
Extended Superframe Format (ESF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
A.5
E1 Frame Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
A.6
IRSM CEPT Frame Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
Appendix B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
B.1
Applicable Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Appendix C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
C.1
System Bus Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
C.1.1
AT&T Concentration Highway Interface (CHI) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-1
C.1.2
CHI Programming Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C-2
Appendix D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
x
D.1
Notation and Acronyms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
D.1.1 Arithmetic Notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-1
D.2
Acronyms and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-2
D.2.1 Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . D-5
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
List of Figures
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
List of Figures
Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-2.
Figure 2-1.
Figure 2-2.
Figure 2-3.
Figure 2-4.
Figure 2-5.
Figure 2-6.
Figure 2-7.
Figure 2-8.
Figure 2-9.
Figure 2-10.
Figure 2-11.
Figure 2-12.
Figure 2-13.
Figure 2-14.
Figure 2-15.
Figure 2-16.
Figure 2-17.
Figure 2-18.
Figure 2-19.
Figure 2-20.
Figure 2-21.
Figure 2-22.
Figure 2-23.
Figure 2-24.
Figure 2-25.
Figure 2-26.
Figure 2-27.
Figure 2-28.
Figure 2-29.
Figure 2-30.
Figure 2-31.
Figure 2-32.
Figure 2-33.
Figure 2-34.
Figure 2-35.
Figure 2-36.
Figure 2-37.
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376 Pinout Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2
Bt8370/8375/8376 Logic Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3
Detailed Bt8370 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2
Detailed Bt8375 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
Detailed Bt8376 Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
RLIU Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
RLIU Waveforms—Bipolar Input Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
RLIU Waveforms—P and N Rail Digital Input Signal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
Receive Input Jitter Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
CLAD/JAT Input Jitter Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11
CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-12
RCVR Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-14
Receive External Data Link Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-26
Polled Receive Data Link Processing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-29
Interrupt Driven Receive Data Link Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-30
RSB Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-32
RSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
RSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-33
RSB Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
T1 Line to E1 System Bus Time Slot Mapping. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-36
G.802 Embedded Framing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-38
Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8370 and Bt8375 Devices) . . . . . 2-40
Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8376 Device Only). . . . . . . . . . . . 2-41
TSB Interface Block Diagram. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-46
Transmit System Bus Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
TSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
TSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-47
Transmit Framing and Timebase Alignment Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-50
XMTR Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-53
Transmit External Data Link Waveforms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-54
Polled Transmit Data Link Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-57
Interrupt Driven Transmit Data Link Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-58
Zero Code Substitution Formats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-66
TLIU Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-68
TLIU Waveform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-69
Standard DS1 Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
T1 Pulse Template Test Circuit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-70
Standard E1 (G.703) Pulse Template. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71
Conexant
xi
Bt8370/8375/8376
List of Figures
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-38.
Figure 2-39.
Figure 2-40.
Figure 2-41.
Figure 2-42.
Figure 2-43.
Figure 2-44.
Figure 2-45.
Figure 2-46.
Figure 2-47.
Figure 2-48.
Figure 2-49.
Figure 3-1.
Figure 4-1.
Figure 4-2.
Figure 4-3.
Figure 4-4.
Figure 5-1.
Figure 5-2.
Figure 5-3.
Figure 5-4.
Figure 5-5.
Figure 5-6.
Figure 5-7.
Figure 5-8.
Figure 5-9.
Figure 5-10.
Figure 5-11.
Figure 5-12.
Figure 5-13.
Figure 5-14.
Figure 5-15.
Figure 5-16.
Figure 5-17.
Figure 5-18.
Figure 5-19.
Figure 5-20.
Figure 5-21.
Figure A-1.
Figure A-2.
Figure A-3.
xii
E1 (G.703) Pulse Template Test Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-71
Digitized AMI Pulse Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-74
TPLL Input Clock Jitter Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-76
0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-78
7.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-78
15.0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79
22.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-79
External Termination Resistor Placement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-80
Nominal Return Loss. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-81
Output Pulse Height versus Transmit Termination Impedance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-82
Microprocessor Interface Block Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-83
JTAG Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88
Receive Equalizer Eye Pattern Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-45
Option A: Long Haul Application with Ground Reference on the Line Side . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-3
Option B: Long Haul with No Ground Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-5
Option C: Long Haul Application with No Ground Reference on the Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-7
Option D: Short Haul Interface Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-9
Minimum Clock Pulse Widths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Input Data Setup/Hold Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
Output Data Delay Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
1-Second Input/Output Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-7
SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and
TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-8
Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Intel Synchronous Read Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Intel Synchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
SBI Timing - 1536K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-17
SBI Timing—1544K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-18
SBI Timing—2048K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-19
SBI Timing—4096K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-20
SBI Timing—8192K Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-21
SBI Timing—Eight Clock Edge Combinations (Applicable to Any SBI Mode) . . . . . . . . . . 5-22
JTAG Interface Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
80-Pin Metric Quad Flat Pack (MQFP). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-24
T1 Superframe PCM Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-1
T1 Extended Superframe PCM Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-5
E1 Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-8
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
List of Tables
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
List of Tables
Table 1-1.
Table 2-1.
Table 2-2.
Table 2-3.
Table 2-4.
Table 2-5.
Table 2-6.
Table 2-7.
Table 2-8.
Table 2-9.
Table 2-10.
Table 2-11.
Table 2-12.
Table 2-13.
Table 2-14.
Table 2-15.
Table 2-16.
Table 2-17.
Table 2-18.
Table 2-19.
Table 2-20.
Table 2-21.
Table 2-22.
Table 2-23.
Table 2-24.
Table 2-25.
Table 2-26.
Table 2-27.
Table 2-28.
Table 3-1.
Table 3-2.
Table 3-3.
Table 3-4.
Table 3-5.
Table 3-6.
Table 3-7.
Table 3-8.
Table 3-9.
Table 3-10.
N8370DSE
Hardware Signal Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4
CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-13
Receive Framer Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-22
Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-23
Commonly Used Data Link Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-27
RSB Interface Time Slot Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-34
JCLK/CLADO Timing Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
Jitter Generation Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-42
CLADO Frequencies Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-43
Common CLADI Reference Frequencies and CLAD Configuration Examples. . . . . . . . . . . . 2-44
Commonly Used Data Link Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-55
Yellow Alarm Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Yellow Alarm Register Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-61
Multiframe Yellow Alarm Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
Multiframe Yellow Alarm Register Bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-62
ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-72
G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-73
Transmit Pulse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-75
Microprocessor Interface Operating Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-84
JTAG Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-88
Bt8370/8375/8376 Device Identification JTAG Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
Bt8375 Device Identification JTAG Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
Bt8376 Device Identification JTAG Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-89
Address Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1
Receive Framer Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10
Interrupt Status Register Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15
Counter Overflow Behavior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-24
Maximum Average Reframe Time (MART) and Framer Timeout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-30
System Bus Sync Mode Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-33
Common TFSYNC and TMSYNC Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Common RFSYNC and RMSYNC Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-34
Receive LIU Register Settings versus Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-38
VGA Maximum Settings for Receive Sensitivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-42
Conexant
xiii
Bt8370/8375/8376
List of Tables
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-11.
Table 3-12.
Table 3-13.
Table 3-14.
Table 3-15.
Table 3-16.
Table 3-17.
Table 3-18.
Table 3-19.
Table 3-20.
Table 3-21.
Table 3-22.
Table 3-23.
Table 3-24.
Table 3-25.
Table 3-26.
Table 3-27.
Table 3-28.
Table 3-29.
Table 3-30.
Table 3-31.
Table 3-32.
Table 3-33.
Table 3-34.
Table 3-35.
Table 3-36.
Table 3-37.
Table 3-38.
Table 3-39.
Table 4-1.
Table 4-2.
Table 5-1.
Table 5-2.
Table 5-3.
Table 5-4.
Table 5-5.
Table 5-6.
Table 5-7.
Table 5-8.
Table 5-9.
Table 5-10.
Table 5-11.
Table 5-12.
Table 5-13.
Table 5-14.
Table 5-15.
xiv
Receive PRBS Test Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-49
Receive Yellow Alarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-53
Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-54
Return Loss Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-65
E1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68
T1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-68
Criteria for E1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-69
Criteria for T1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-70
Transmit Framer Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-71
Transmit Zero Code Suppression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-72
Transmit PRBS Test Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-78
(Datalink Configuration Register Description) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-87
Remote DS0 Channel Loopback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-130
Global Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-136
Interrupt Request Register . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-136
Interrupt Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-137
Interrupt Enable Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-137
Primary Control and Status Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-138
Receive LIU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-138
Receiver Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-139
Performance Monitoring Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-140
Receive Sa-Byte Buffers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-140
Transmit LIU Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-141
Transmitter Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-141
Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-141
CLAD Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-142
Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-142
Data Link Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-142
System Bus Registers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-144
Transformer Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-1
REFCKI (10 MHz) Crystal Oscillator Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-2
Absolute Maximum Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-1
Recommended Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
DC Characteristics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-2
Line Interface Unit (RLIU, TLIU) Performance Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-3
Input Clock Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-4
Input Data Setup and Hold Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-5
Output Data Delay Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
1-Second Input/Output Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-6
Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-9
Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-10
Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-11
Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-12
Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-13
Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-14
Intel Synchronous Read Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-15
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
List of Tables
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 5-16.
Table 5-17.
Table 5-18.
Table A-1.
Table A-2.
Table A-3.
Table A-4.
Table A-5.
Table A-6.
Table A-7.
Table A-8.
Table B-1.
N8370DSE
Intel Synchronous Write Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-16
Test and Diagnostic Interface Timing Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
Test and Diagnostic Interface Switching Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5-23
Superframe Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-2
T1DM Frame Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-3
SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-4
Extended Superframe Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-6
Performance Report Message Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-7
ITU–T CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-9
IRSM CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-10
CEPT (ITU–T and IRSM) Frame Format Time Slot 16-Bit Allocations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A-11
Applicable Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . B-1
Conexant
xv
Bt8370/8375/8376
List of Tables
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
xvi
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
1
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Bt8370/8375/8376 is packaged in an 80-pin Metric Quad Flat Pack (MQFP). A
pinout diagram of this device is illustrated in Figure 1-1. Figure 1-2 details a
Bt8370/8375/8376 logic diagram. Pin labels, names, I/O functions, and
descriptions are provided in Table 1-1.
The input pins listed below contain an internal pullup resistor (>50 kΩ) and
can remain unconnected if the active-high input state is desired. All other unused
input pins should be either pulled up or grounded.
N8370DSE
1
A[7:0]
Address lines unused in INTEL bus mode
2
XOE
Active-high enables analog bipolar output
3
MOTO*
Pullup selects INTEL bus mode if unconnected
4
SYNCMD Pullup selects synchronous processor interface
5
RCKI
Receive clock unused if analog inputs enabled
6
TDI
Unused if JTAG not connected
7
TMS
Disables JTAG if not connected
8
TCK
Unused if JTAG not connected
9
RST*
Disables hardware reset if not connected
10
TDLI
Unused if no external data link
11
TSIGI
Unused if signaling data not supported by system
bus
Conexant
1-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
80
79
78
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
69
68
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
SIGFRZ
XOE
MOTO*
DTACK*
RCKI
GND[6]
RRING
RTIP
VDD[6]
RNEGI
RPOSI
VDD[5]
REFCKI
CLADI
CLADO (NC)(3)
TCKI
TCKO
GND[5]
GND[4]
VSET
Figure 1-1. Bt8370/8375/8376 Pinout Diagram
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
Bt8370/8375/8376
80-Pin MQFP
60
59
58
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
VDD[4]
VDD[3]
XTIP
XRING
GND[3]
TDI
TDO
TCK
TMS
ACKI
VDD[2]
GND[2]
RCKO
RPOSO/RDLO
RNEGO/RDLCKO
RSBCKI
RMSYNC
RFSYNC
RPCMO
TPOSI/TDLI
A[6]
AD[6]
A[7]
AD[7]
A[8]
CLKMD
TPOSO/TNRZO/TINDO
RST*
MCLK
VDD[1]
GND[1]
ONESEC
TSIGI
TPCMI
TFSYNC
TMSYNC
TSBCKI
TNEGI/TDLCKO
TNEGO/MSYNCO/RINDO
RSIGO
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
SYNCMD
CS*
INTR*
DS* (RD*)
AS* (ALE)
R/W*(WR*)
VDD[0]
GND[0]
A[0]
AD[0]
A[1]
AD[1]
A[2]
AD[2]
A[3]
AD[3]
A[4]
AD[4]
A[5]
AD[5]
NOTE(S):
1. Default pin assignments listed first for pins with multiple modes.
2. Motorola-style processor pin names listed first with Intel pins in parentheses.
3. Pin 66 is not connected for the Bt8376 device.
1-2
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 1-2. Bt8370/8375/8376 Logic Diagram
Hardware Reset
I
28
RST*
Processor Clock
I
29
MCLK
Motorola Bus mode
I
78
MOTO*
Sync Bus mode
I
1
Clock mode
I
26
Address Bus
I
(1)
A[8:0]
I/O
(1)
AD[7:0]
Address Strobe
I
5
AS* (ALE)
Chip Select
I
2
CS*
Read or Data Strobe
I
4
DS* (RD*)
Write Strobe or Read/Write
I
6
R/W*(WR*)
Transmit Output Enable
I
79
XOE
Receive Tip
I
73
RTIP
Receive Ring
I
74
RRING
Data Bus or Address/Data
Voltage Reference Set
I/O 61
SYNCMD
Microprocessor
Interface
(MPU)
CLKMD
VSET
Tx Clock In
I
65
TCKI
I
51
ACKI
Tx Positive In/TDL Data In
I
41
TPOSI/TDLI
Tx Negative In/TDL Clock PIO 38
Rx Clock In
I
76
RCKI
Rx Positive In
I
70
RPOSI
Rx Negative In
I
71
RNEGI
TSB Clock
I
37
TSBCKI
TSB Data
I
34
TPCMI
TSB Signaling
I
33
TSIGI
RSB Clock
I
45
RSBCKI
Digital
Receiver
(RCVR)
Interrupt Request
DTACK* 77
O
Data Transfer Acknowledge
XTIP 58
XRING 57
O
Transmit Tip
O
Transmit Ring
TCKO 64
O
Tx Clock Output
TPOSO/TNRZO 27
O
Tx Positive Out/Tx NRZ Data(2)
TNEGO/MSYNCO 39
O
Tx Negative Out/(2)
Tx Multiframe Sync
RCKO 48
O
Rx Clock Out
RPOSO/RDLO 47
O
Rx Positive Out/RDL Data Out
RNEGO/RDLCKO 46
O
Rx Negative Out/RDL Clock Out
TINDO 27
O
TSB Time Slot Indicator(2)
Transmit
System Bus
(TSB)
Receive
System Bus
(RSB)
CLAD In
I
67
CLADI
Reference Clock
I
68
REFCKI
Test Clock
I
53
TCK
Test Mode Select
I
52
TMS
Test Data In
I
55
TDI
1-second Timer
O
Digital
Transmitter
(XMTR)
TNEGI/TDLCKO
PIO
INTR* 3
Receive, Transmit
Line Interface
(RLIU, TLIU)
All Ones Clock
ONESEC 32
TFSYNC 35
PIO
TSB Frame Sync
TMSYNC 36
PIO
TSB Multiframe Sync
RPCMO 42
O
RSB Data Out
RSIGO 40
O
RSB Signaling Out
RINDO 39
O
RSB Time Slot Indicator(2)
RFSYNC 43
PIO
RSB Frame Sync
RMSYNC 44
PIO
RSB Multiframe Sync
SIGFRZ 80
O
Signaling Freeze
Clock Rate
Adapter (CLAD)
CLADO 66
O
CLAD Out (NC)(3)
Boundary Scan
(JTAG)
TDO 54
O
Test Data Out
I = Input, O = Output,
PIO = Programmable I/O; controls located at PIO (address 018)
NOTE(S):
(1)
Refer to Figure 1-1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Pinout Diagram.
Pins 27 and 39 shown twice for clarity; pin function controlled by PIO (addr 018).
(3)
Pin 66 is not connected for the Bt8376 device.
(2)
N8370DSE
Conexant
1-3
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (1 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Microprocessor Interface (MPU)
RST*
Hardware Reset
I
RST* low-to-high transition forces registers to their default, power-up
state and forces all PIO pins to the input state. RST* is not mandatory,
because internal power on reset circuit performs an identical function.
RST* can be applied asynchronously, but must remain asserted for a
minimum of 2 clock cycles (external MCLK or internal 32 MHz) for the
low-to-high transition to be sampled and detected (see also [RESET; addr
001]).
MCLK
Processor Clock
I
System applies MCLK in the range of 8–36 MHz for external clock
(CLKMD = 1) and synchronous bus modes (SYNCMD = 1). During internal
clock modes (CLKMD = 0), the Bt8370/8375/8376 uses an internally
generated 32 MHz clock to control processor timing, and MCLK input is
ignored.
MOTO*
Motorola Bus mode
I
Selects Intel- or Motorola-style microprocessor interface. DS*, R/W*,
A[8:0], and AD[7:0] functions are affected.
0 = Motorola; AD[7:0] is data, A[8:0] is address, DS* is data strobe,
and R/W* indicates the read (high) or write (low) data direction.
1 = Intel; AD[7:0] is multiplexed address/data, A[7:0] ignored, A[8] is
address line, DS* is read strobe (RD*), and R/W* is write strobe (WR*).
SYNCMD
Sync mode
I
Selects whether read/write cycle timing is synchronous with MCLK.
Supports Intel- or Motorola-style buses:
0 = Asynchronous bus; read data enable and write data input latch are
asynchronously controlled by CS*, DS*, and R/W* signals. Latched write
data is still synchronized internally to 32 MHz clock for transfer to
addressed register.
1 = Synchronous bus; applicable only if the external clock is also
selected (CLKMD = 1). MCLK rising edge samples CS*, DS*, and R/W* to
determine valid read/write cycle timing. Allows 0 wait state processor
cycles for MCLK speeds up to 36 MHz, for M68000 type buses.
CLKMD
Clock mode
I
Selects whether MCLK is enabled (high) or ignored (low). When enabled,
MCLK frequency determines update rate of internal registers and sampling
rate of CS*, DS*, and R/W* signals.
A[8:0]
Address Bus
I
AS* falling edge asynchronously latches A[8:0] (Motorola) or A[8] (Intel)
to identify 1 register for subsequent read/write data transfer cycle.
AD[7:0]
Data Bus or Address
Data
I/O
Multiplexed address/data (Intel) or only data (Motorola). Refer to MOTO*
signal definition.
AS* (ALE)
Address Strobe
I
For all processor bus modes, AS* falling edge asynchronously latches
address from A[8:0] (Motorola) or from A[8] and AD[7:0] (Intel). For sync
modes (SYNCMD = 1), each read/write data cycle requires both AS* and
CS* active-low on MCLK rising edge.
CS*
Chip Select
I
Active-low enables read/write decoder. Active-high ends current read or
write cycle and places data bus output in high impedance.
DS*(RD*)
Data Strobe or
Read Strobe
I
Active-low read data strobe (RD*) for MOTO* = 1, or read/write data
strobe (DS*) for MOTO* = 0.
R/W*(WR*)
Read/Write Direction
or Write Strobe
I
Active-low write data strobe (WR*) for MOTO* = 1, or read/write data
select (R/W*) for MOTO = 0.
1-4
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (2 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Microprocessor Interface (MPU) (Continued)
ONESEC
1-second Timer
PIO
Controls or marks 1-second interval used for status reporting. When
input, the timer is aligned to ONESEC rising edge. When output, rising
edge indicates start of each 1-second interval. Typically, 1 device in a
multi-line system is configured to output ONESEC to synchronize other
Bt8370/8375/8376 status reports on a common 1-second interval.
INTR*
Interrupt Request
O
Open drain active-low output signifies 1 or more pending interrupt
requests. INTR* goes to high-impedance state after processor has
serviced all pending interrupt requests.
DTACK*
Data Transfer
Acknowledge
O
Open drain active-low output signifies in-progress data transfer cycle.
DTACK* remains asserted (low) for as long as AS* and CS* are both
active-low. DTACK* is only implemented during synchronous Motorola
processor interface modes. Refer to the timing diagrams in Section 5.5,
MPU Interface Timing.
Line Interface Unit (LIU)
XOE
Transmit Output
Enable
I
Active-high input enables XTIP and XRING output drivers; otherwise, both
outputs are placed in high-impedance state. XOE contains internal pullup
so systems that do not require three-stated outputs can leave XOE
unconnected. XOE needs to be disabled during Power-On Reset (POR) and
re-enabled after configuring the part. Refer to Power-On Reset procedure
in Section 2.10.4, Device Reset.
RTIP, RRING
Receive Tip/Ring
I
Differential AMI data inputs for direct connection to receive transformer.
VSET
Voltage Reference Set
I/O
Constant voltage output. Must be connected to an external 1% resistor
equal to 14 kΩ to ground (GND[4] pin 62). The VSET resistor sets the
internal precision current reference of 100 µA and also controls the
transmit pulse height.
XTIP, XRING
Transmit Tip/Ring
O
Complementary AMI data outputs for direct connection to transmit
transformer. Optionally, both outputs are three-stated when XOE is
negated.
Digital Transmitter (XMTR)
TCKI
Tx Clock Input
I
Primary TX line rate clock applied on TCKI, or the system chooses from 1
of four different clocks to act as TX clock source (see [CMUX; addr 01A]).
The selected source is used to clock digital transmitter signals TPOSI,
TNEGI, TPOSO, TNEGO, TNRZO, MSYNCO, TDLI, and TDLCKO. If TSLIP is
bypassed, selected source also clocks TSB signals.
ACKI
All Ones Clock
I
System optionally applies ACKI for AIS transmission, if the selected
primary transmit clock source fails. ACKI is either manually or
automatically switched to replace TCKI (see [AISCLK; addr 068]). Systems
without an AIS clock must tie ACKI to ground.
N8370DSE
Conexant
1-5
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (3 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Digital Transmitter (XMTR) (Continued)
TPOSI
TX Positive Rail Input
I
Line rate data input on TCKI falling edge. Replaces all data that would
otherwise be supplied by ZCS encoder. Bt8370/8375/8376 default power
on state selects TPOSI/TNEGI as source for all transmitted XTIP/XRING
output pulses, encoded as follows:
TPOSI
TNEGI
TX Pulse Polarity
0
0
No pulse
0
1
Negative AMI pulse
1
0
Positive AMI pulse
1
1
Invalid
NOTE(S): Software must set TDL_IO (addr 018) to enable normal
data from internal transmitter.
TNEGI
TX Negative Rail Input
I
Line rate data input on TCKI falling edge. Replaces all data that would
otherwise be supplied by ZCS encoder. Refer to TPOSI signal definition.
TPOSO
TX Positive Rail
Output
O
Line rate data output from ZCS encoder or JAT on rising edge of TCKO.
Active-high marks transmission of a positive AMI pulse. Used to monitor
transmit data or for systems that employ an external line interface unit.
TNEGO
TX Negative Rail
Output
O
Line-rate data output from ZCS encoder or JAT on rising edge of TCKO.
Active-high marks transmission of a negative AMI pulse. Used to monitor
transmit data or for systems that use an external line interface unit.
TDLI
TX Data Link Input
I
Selected time slot bits are sampled on TDLCKO falling edge for insertion
into the transmit output stream during external data link applications.
TDLCKO
TX Data Link Clock
O
Gapped version of TCKI for external data link applications. TDLCKO high
clock pulse coincides with low TCKI pulse interval during selected time
slot bits (see [DL3_TS; addr 015]).
TCKO
TX Clock Output
O
Line rate clock used to align XTIP/XRING outputs. If transmit jitter
attenuator (TJAT) is disabled, TCKO equals selected TCKI or ACKI. If TJAT
is enabled, TCKO equals the jitter attenuated clock (JCLK).
TNRZO
TX Non Return to
Zero Data
O
Line rate data output from transmitter on rising edge of TCKI. TNRZO does
not include ZCS encoded bipolar violations.
MSYNCO
TX Multiframe Sync
O
Active-high for 1 TCKI clock cycle to mark the first bit of TX multiframe
coincident with TNRZO. Output on rising edge of TCKI.
1-6
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (4 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Digital Receiver (RCVR)
RCKI
RX Clock Input
I
Line rate clock samples RPOSI and RNEGI when RLIU configured to
accept dual-rail digital data (see [RDIGI; addr 020]); otherwise, RCKI is
ignored.
RPOSI
RX Positive Rail Input
I
Line rate data input on falling edge of RCKI. RPOSI and RNEGI levels are
interpreted as received AMI pulses, encoded as follows:
RPOSI
0
0
1
1
NOTE:
RNEGI
0
1
0
1
RX Pulse Polarity
No pulse
Negative AMI pulse
Positive AMI pulse
Invalid
The NRZ data can be input at RPOSI or RNEGI if the
other input is connected to ground.
RNEGI
RX Negative Rail
Input
I
Line rate data input on falling edge of RCKI. See RPOSI signal definition.
RCKO
RX Clock Output
O
RPLL recovered line rate clock (RXCLK) or jitter attenuated clock (JCLK)
output, based on programmed clock selection (see [JAT_CR; addr 002]).
RPOSO
RX Positive Rail
Output
O
Line rate data output on rising edge of RCKO. Active-high indicates receipt
of a positive AMI pulse on RTIP/RING inputs.
RNEGO
RX Negative Rail
Output
O
Line rate data output on rising edge of RCKO. Active-high indicates receipt
of a negative AMI pulse on RTIP/RING inputs.
RDLO
RX Data Link Output
O
Line rate NRZ data output from receiver on falling edge of RCKO, all data
from RLIU is represented at the RDLO pin. However, selective RDLO bit
positions are also marked by RDLCKO for external data link applications.
RDLCKO
RX Data Link Clock
Output
O
Gapped version of RCKO for external data link applications. RDLCKO high
clock pulse coincides with low RCKO pulse interval during selected time
slot bits, else RDLCKO low (see Figure 2-12, Receive External Data Link
Waveforms, External Data Link).
N8370DSE
Conexant
1-7
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (5 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Transmit System Bus (TSB)
TSBCKI
TSB Clock Input
I
Bit clock and I/O signal timing for TSB according to system bus mode (see
[SBI_CR; addr 0D0]). System chooses from 1 of four different clocks to
act as TSB clock source (see [CMUX; addr 01A]). Rising or falling edge
clocks are independently configurable for data signals TPCMI, TSIGI,
TINDO and sync signals TFSYNC and TMSYNC (see [TPCM_NEG and
TSYN_NEG; addr 0D4]). When configured to operate at twice the data rate,
TSB clock is internally divided by two before clocking TSB data signals.
TPCMI
TSB Data Input
I
Serial data formatted into TSB frames consisting of DS0 channel time
slots and optional F-bits. One group of 24 T1 time slots or 32 E1 time slots
is selected from up to four available groups; data from the group is
sampled by TSBCKI, then sent towards transmitter output. Time slots are
routed through transmit slip buffer (see [TSLIPn; addr 140–17F])
according to TSLIP mode (see [TSBI; addr 0D4]). F-bits are taken from the
start of each TSB frame or from within an embedded time slot (see
[EMBED; addr 0D0]) and optionally inserted into the transmitter output
(see [TFRM; addr 072] register).
TSIGI
TSB Signaling Input
I
Serial data formatted into TSB frames containing ABCD signaling bits for
each system bus time slot. Four bits of TSIGI time slot carry signaling
state for each accompanying TPCMI time slot. Signaling state of every
time slot is sampled during first frame of the TSB multiframe, and then
transferred into transmit signaling buffer [TSIGn; addr 120–13F].
TINDO
TSB Time Slot
Indicator
O
Active-high output pulse marks selective transmit system bus time slots
as programmed by SBCn [addr 0E0–0FF]. TINDO occurs on TSBCKI rising
or falling edges as selected by TPCM_NEG (see [TSBI; addr 0D4]).
TFSYNC
TSB Frame Sync
PIO
Input or output TSB frame sync (see [TFSYNC_IO; addr 018]). TFSYNC
output is active-high for 1 TSB clock cycle at programmed offset bit
location (see [TSYNC_BIT; addr 0D5]), marking offset bit position within
each TSB frame and repeating once every 125 µs. When transmit framer is
also enabled, TSB timebase and TFSYNC output frame alignment are
established by transmit framer's examination of TPCMI serial data input.
When TFSYNC is programmed as an input, the low-to-high signal
transition is detected and aligns TSB timebase to programmed offset bit
value. TSB timebase flywheels at 125 µs frame interval after the last
TFSYNC is applied.
TMSYNC
TSB Multiframe Sync
PIO
Input or output TSB multiframe sync (see [TMSYNC_IO; addr 018]).
TMSYNC output is active-high for 1 TSB clock cycle at programmed offset
bit location (see [TSYNC_BIT; addr 0D5]), marking offset bit position
within each TSB multiframe and repeating once every 6 ms coincident
with TFSYNC. When transmit framer is also enabled, TSB timebase and
TMSYNC output multiframe alignment are established by transmit
framer's examination of TPCMI serial data input. When TMSYNC is
programmed as an input, the low-to-high signal transition is detected and
aligns TSB timebase to the programmed offset bit value and first frame of
the multiframe. TSB timebase flywheels at 6 ms multiframe interval after
the last TMSYNC is applied. If system bus applies TMSYNC input, TFSYNC
input is not needed.
1-8
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (6 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Receive System Bus (RSB)
RSBCKI
RSB Clock Input
I
Bit clock and I/O signal timing for RSB according to system bus mode (see
[SBI_CR; addr 0D0]). System chooses from 1 of four different clocks to
act as RSB clock source (see [CMUX; addr 01A]). Rising or falling edge
clocks are independently configurable for data signals RPCMO, RSIGO,
RINDO and sync signals RFSYNC, RMSYNC (see [RPCM_NEG and
RSYN_NEG; addr 0D1]). When configured to operate at twice the data
rate, RSB clock is internally divided by 2 before clocking RSB data signals.
RPCMO
RSB Data Output
O
Serial data formatted into RSB frames consisting of DS0 channel time
slots, optional F-bits, and optional ABCD signaling. Time slots are routed
through receive slip buffer (see [RSLIPn; addr 1C0–1FF]) according to
RSLIP mode (see [RSBI; addr 0D1]). Data for each output time slot is
assigned sequentially from received time slot data according to system
bus channel programming (see [ASSIGN; addr 0E0–0FF]). F-bits are
output at the start of each RSB frame or at the embedded time slot
location (see [EMBED; addr 0D0]). ABCD signaling is optionally inserted
on a per-channel basis (see [INSERT; addr 0E0–0FF]) from the local
signaling buffer (see [RLOCAL; addr 180–19F]) or from the receive
signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr 1A0–1BF]. When enabled, robbed bit
signaling or CAS reinsertion is performed according to T1/E1 mode: the
eighth time slot bit of every sixth T1 frame is replaced, or the 4-bit
signaling value in the E1 time slot 16 is replaced.
RSIGO
RSB Signaling Output
O
Serial data formatted into RSB frames consisting of ABCD signaling bits
for each system bus time slot. Four bits of RSIGO time slot carry signaling
state for each accompanying RPCMO time slot. Local or through signaling
bits are output in every frame for each time slot and updated once per RSB
multiframe, regardless of per-channel RPCMO signaling reinsertion.
RINDO
RSB Time Slot
Indicator
O
Active-high output pulse marks selective receive system bus time slots as
programmed by SBCn [addr 0E0–0FF]. RINDO occurs on RSBCKI rising or
falling edges as selected by RPCM_NEG (see [RSBI; addr 0D1]).
RFSYNC
RSB Frame Sync
PIO
Input or output RSB frame sync (see [RFSYNC_IO; addr 018]). RFSYNC
output is active-high for 1 RSB clock cycle at programmed offset bit
location (see [RSYNC_BIT; addr 0D2]), marking offset bit within each RSB
frame and repeating once every 125 µs. RSB timebase and RFSYNC
output frame alignment begins at an arbitrary position and changes
alignment according to RSLIP mode (see [RSBI; addr 0D1]). When
RFSYNC is programmed as an input, the low-to-high signal transition is
detected and aligns RSB timebase to the programmed offset. RSB
timebase flywheels at 125 µs frame interval after the last RFSYNC is
applied.
RMSYNC
RSB Multiframe Sync
PIO
Input or output RSB multiframe sync (see [RMSYNC_IO; addr 018]).
RMSYNC output is active-high for 1 RSB clock cycle at programmed offset
bit location (see [RSYNC_BIT; addr 0D2]), marking offset bit within each
RSB multiframe and repeating once every 6 ms coinciding with RFSYNC.
RSB timebase and RMSYNC output multiframe alignment begins at an
arbitrary position and changes alignment according to RSLIP mode (see
[RSBI; addr 0D1]). When RMSYNC is programmed as input, the
low-to-high signal transition is detected and aligns the RSB timebase to
the programmed offset and the first frame of the multiframe. RSB
timebase flywheels at 6 ms multiframe interval after the last RMSYNC is
applied.
N8370DSE
Conexant
1-9
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (7 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Receive System Bus (RSB) (Continued)
SIGFRZ
Signaling Freeze
O
Active-high indicates that signaling bit updates are suspended for both
receive signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr 1A0–1BF] and stack [STACK; addr
0DA] register. SIGFRZ, clocked by RSB clock, goes high coinciding with
receive loss of frame alignment (see RLOF; addr 047) and returns low 6–9
ms after recovery of frame alignment.
NOTE(S):
1. All RSB and TSB outputs can be placed in high-impedance state (see SBI_OE; addr 0D0).
2. Receive System Bus (RSB)
1-10
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 1-1. Hardware Signal Definitions (8 of 8)
Pin Label
Signal Name
I/O
Definition
Clock Rate Adapter (CLAD)
CLADI
CLAD Input
I
Optional CLAD input timing reference used to phase lock CLADO and JCLK
outputs to 1 of 44 different input clock frequencies selected in the range of
8 kHz to 16384 kHz (see [CLAD registers; addr 090–092]).
REFCKI
Reference Clock
I
System must apply a 10 MHz ±50 ppm clock signal to act as frequency
reference for internal Numerical Controlled Oscillator (NCO). REFCKI
determines frequency accuracy and stability of CLADO and jitter attenuator
(JCLK) clocks when the NCO operates in free running mode (see [JFREE;
addr 002]).
REFCKI is the baseband reference for all CLAD/JAT functions and is used
internally to generate clocks of various frequencies, locked to a selected
receive, transmit, or external clock. Hence, REFCKI is always required.
CLADO
CLAD Output
O
CLADO is configured to operate at 1 of 14 different clock frequencies (see
[CSEL; addr 091]) that include T1, E1 or system bus rates. CLADO is
typically programmed to supply RSB and TSB clocks that are
phase-locked to the selected transmit, receive or CLADI timing reference
(see [JEN; addr 002 and CEN; addr 090]). On the Bt8376 device, CLAD0
drives low when enabled.
Test Access
TDI
JTAG Test Data Input
I
Test data input per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Used for loading all serial
instructions and data into internal test logic. Sampled on the rising edge of
TCK. TDI can be left unconnected if it is not being used because it is pulled
up internally.
TMS
JTAG Test mode
Select
I
Active-low test mode select input per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Internally
pulled-up input signal used to control the test-logic state machine.
Sampled on the rising edge of TCK. TMS can be left unconnected if it is
not being used because it is pulled up internally.
TDO
JTAG Test Data
Output
O
Test data output per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Three-state output used for
reading all serial configuration and test data from internal test logic.
Updated on the falling edge of TCK.
TCK
JTAG Test Clock
I
Test clock input per IEEE Std 1149.1-1990. Used for all test interface and
internal test-logic operations. If unused, TCK must be pulled low.
Power Supply
VDD[6:0]
Power
I
+5 VDC ±5%
GND[6:0]
Ground
I
0 VDC
NOTE(S):
1.
2.
3.
4.
I = Input, O = Output
PIO = Programmable I/O; controls located at address 018.
Multiple signal names show mutually exclusive pin functions.
All output pins power up in the high-impedance state within 3,000 cycles of the applied REFCKI (see POE; addr 019,
SBI_OE; addr 0D0).
N8370DSE
Conexant
1-11
Bt8370/8375/8376
1.0 Pin Descriptions
1.1 Pin Assignments
1-12
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Conexant
N8370DSE
2
2.0 Circuit Description
2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams
Detailed block diagrams are illustrated in Figure 2-1 (Bt8370), Figure 2-2
(Bt8375), and Figure 2-3 (Bt8376). To show the details of this circuit, individual
block diagrams, along with descriptions, appear throughout this section.
1.
Receive Line Interface Unit (RLIU)
2.
Jitter Attenuator (JAT)
3.
Digital Receiver (RCVR)
4.
Receive System Bus (RSB)
5.
Clock Rate Adapter (CLAD)
6.
Transmit System Bus (TSB)
7.
Digital Transmitter (XMTR)
8.
Transmit Line Interface Unit (TLIU)
9.
Microprocessor Interface (MPU)
10. Joint Test Access Group Port (JTAG)
NOTE:
N8370DSE
The Bt8375 differs from the Bt8370 only in that the Bt8375 does not have
LBO filters in the transmit LIU. The Bt8376 differs from Bt8375 in that
Bt8376 has neither a CLADO output, nor a DLINK2.
Conexant
2-1
0
RPLL
RDIGI
0
RJAT
1
RSIG
Local
RSIGO
RSLIP
Buffer
RPCMO
AIS
Error Counters
Alarm Monitor
Receive Framer
Receiver
Timebase
FLOOP
JEN
JDIR
AGC
SIGFRZ
RPHASE
0
VGA
ADC
JDIR
1
Divider Chain
CLADI
CLADO
1
TZCS
Encode
0
TPOSO
TNEGO
TCKO
0
TSBCKI
TFSYNC
TMSYNC
TINDO
Transmit
Framer
TSLIP
Buffer
TSIG
Buffer
TSIG
Local
TPCMI
TSIGI
Bt8370/8375/8376
TDLCKO
TDLI
MSYNCO
TNRZO
ACKI
TCK
TMS
TDI
TDO
TPOSI
TNEGI
TCKI
JTAG Port
MCLK
MOTO*
SYYNCMD
CLKMD
CS*
AS*
DS*
R/W*
DTACK*
AD[7:0]
A[8:0]
INTR*
ONESEC
RST*
N8370DSE
Microprocessor Port
TPHASE
T1/E1 Frame Insert
TJAT
External DLINK
DLINK 2 Buffer
DLINK 1 Buffer
Sa-Byte/BOP
PRBS/Inband LB
Alarm/Error Insert
PVD Enforcer
1
0
TDL_IO
1
Transmitter
Timebase
TSB
Timebase
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
JEN
JDIR
8X
TPLL
XOE
JPHASE
JCLK
Clock
Mon
LLOOP
0
AIS
NCO
RLOOP
Pulse
Shape
REFCKI
CPHASE
1
0
TLOOP
OR
PLOOP
LBO
Filters
RXCLK
TXCLK
LLOOP
TAIS
Analog
Loopback
Conexant
DAC
RINDO
RFSYNC
RMSYNC
RSBCKI
FLOOP
DRV
RSB
Timebase
Adaptive
Equalizer
1
XTIP
XRING
RZCS
Decode
1
RSIG
STACK
2.0 Circuit Description
0
Data
Slicer
RSIG
Buffer
2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams
RDLCKO
RDLO
RCKO
RNEGO
RPOSO
1
ALOOP
RTIP
RRING
External DLINK
PRBS/Inband LB
DLINK 2 Buffer
DLINK 1 Buffer
Sa-Byte/BOP
PDV Monitor
Figure 2-1. Detailed Bt8370 Block Diagram
2-2
RPOSI
RNEGI
RCKI
0
RPLL
RDIGI
0
RJAT
1
RSIG
Local
RSIGO
RSLIP
Buffer
RPCMO
AIS
Error Counters
Alarm Monitor
Receive Framer
Receiver
Timebase
FLOOP
JEN
JDIR
AGC
SIGFRZ
RPHASE
0
VGA
ADC
JDIR
JPHASE
Divider Chain
JEN
JDIR
CLADI
CLADO
0
TJAT
1
TZCS
Encode
0
TPOSO
TNEGO
TCKO
0
TSBCKI
TFSYNC
TMSYNC
TINDO
Transmit
Framer
TSLIP
Buffer
TSIG
Buffer
TSIG
Local
TPCMI
TSIGI
2-3
2.0 Circuit Description
TCK
TMS
TDI
TDO
TDLCKO
TDLI
MCLK
MOTO*
SYYNCMD
CLKMD
CS*
AS*
DS*
R/W*
DTACK*
AD[7:0]
A[8:0]
INTR*
ONESEC
RST*
MSYNCO
TNRZO
JTAG Port
TPOSI
TNEGI
TCKI
ACKI
Microprocessor Port
TPHASE
TSB
Timebase
2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams
1
T1/E1 Frame Insert
External DLINK
DLINK 2 Buffer
DLINK 1 Buffer
Sa-Byte/BOP
PRBS/Inband LB
Alarm/Error Insert
PVD Enforcer
1
Transmitter
Timebase
TDL_IO
XOE
NCO
Clock
Mon
LLOOP
0
8X
TPLL
AIS
JCLK
REFCKI
CPHASE
RLOOP
1
1
0
TLOOP
or
PLOOP
Pulse
Shape
RXCLK
TXCLK
LLOOP
TAIS
Analog
Loopback
Conexant
DAC
RINDO
RFSYNC
RMSYNC
RSBCKI
FLOOP
DRV
RSB
Timebase
Adaptive
Equalizer
1
XTIP
XRING
RZCS
Decode
1
RSIG
STACK
Bt8370/8375/8376
0
Data
Slicer
RSIG
Buffer
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
1
ALOOP
RTIP
RRING
External DLINK
PRBS/Inband LB
DLINK 2 Buffer
DLINK 1 Buffer
Sa-Byte/BOP
PDV Monitor
Figure 2-2. Detailed Bt8375 Block Diagram
RDLCKO
RDLO
RCKO
RNEGO
RPOSO
N8370DSE
RPOSI
RNEGI
RCKI
0
RPLL
RDIGI
0
RJAT
1
RSIG
Local
RSIGO
RSLIP
Buffer
RPCMO
AIS
Error Counters
Alarm Monitor
Receive Framer
Receiver
Timebase
FLOOP
JEN
JDIR
AGC
SIGFRZ
RPHASE
0
VGA
ADC
REFCKI
NCO
Divider Chain
RLOOP
JCLK
CLADI
0
TJAT
1
T1/E1 Frame Insert
External DLINK
DLINK 1 Buffer
Sa-Byte/BOP
PRBS/Inband LB
Alarm/Error Insert
PVD Enforcer
1
TDL_IO
1
Transmitter
Timebase
TZCS
Encode
0
TPOSO
TNEGO
TCKO
0
TSBCKI
TFSYNC
TMSYNC
TINDO
Transmit
Framer
TSLIP
Buffer
TSIG
Buffer
TSIG
Local
TPCMI
TSIGI
Bt8370/8375/8376
TDLCKO
TDLI
MSYNCO
TNRZO
ACKI
TCK
TMS
TDI
TDO
TPOSI
TNEGI
TCKI
JTAG Port
MCLK
MOTO*
SYYNCMD
CLKMD
CS*
AS*
DS*
R/W*
DTACK*
AD[7:0]
A[8:0]
INTR*
ONESEC
RST*
N8370DSE
Microprocessor Port
TPHASE
TSB
Timebase
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
JEN
JDIR
XOE
JPHASE
Clock
Mon
LLOOP
0
8X
TPLL
AIS
CPHASE
1
0
TLOOP
or
PLOOP
1
JDIR
Pulse
Shape
RXCLK
TXCLK
LLOOP
TAIS
Analog
Loopback
Conexant
DAC
RINDO
RFSYNC
RMSYNC
RSBCKI
FLOOP
DRV
RSB
Timebase
Adaptive
Equalizer
1
XTIP
XRING
RZCS
Decode
1
RSIG
STACK
2.0 Circuit Description
0
Data
Slicer
RSIG
Buffer
2.1 Bt8370/8375/8376 Block Diagrams
RDLCKO
RDLO
RCKO
RNEGO
RPOSO
1
ALOOP
RTIP
RRING
External DLINK
PRBS/Inband LB
DLINK 1 Buffer
Sa-Byte/BOP
PDV Monitor
Figure 2-3. Detailed Bt8376 Block Diagram
2-4
RPOSI
RNEGI
RCKI
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit
The Receive Line Interface Unit (RLIU) recovers clock and data from the bipolar
Alternate Mark Inversion (AMI) line signal that has been attenuated and distorted
due to the characteristics of the line. In the Bt8370 device, the RLIU is sensitive
to signals attenuated in the range of 0 to –48 dB in E1 and T1 modes. In the
Bt8375 and Bt8376 devices, RLIU sensitivity is limited for short-haul only
applications. In addition, the RLIU interfaces at the DSX-1 Bridge Monitor Level
(–20 dB for DS1 and –30 dB for E1/CEPT).
The RLIU converts AMI pulses into P and N rail Non-Return to 0 (NRZ) data.
The AMI pulses are input on the receive tip and ring pins: RTIP and RRING
(Figure 2-4). The P and N rail NRZ data is then passed to the RCVR. The RCVR
dual rail output is available on RPOSO/RNEGO. Figure 2-5 illustrates the
relationship between the AMI received signal, the recovered clock, and the
RCVR dual rail outputs.
Figure 2-4. RLIU Diagram
RDIGI
RJAT
RPOSI
RNEGI
RTIP
RRING
1
O
O
VGA
ADC
Adaptive
Equalizer
Data
Slicer
RPOSO
RNEGO
O
1
1
ALOOP
RPLL
ADC
1
RXCLK
O
RCKI
To JAT From JAT
Analog Loopback
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-5
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-5. RLIU Waveforms—Bipolar Input Signal
RTIP,
RRING
1
5
3
2
BPV
6
4
7
RXCLK
Throughput
1
RPOSO
3
RNEGO
BPV
6
5
2
7
4
If the RLIU functionality is not required, a bypass mode is provided [RDIGI;
addr 020]. If the RLIU is bypassed, the RTIP/RRING pins are ignored,
RPOSI/RNEGI P and N rail NRZ become inputs, and RCKI becomes the receive
timing source. Figure 2-6 illustrates the relationship between the RLIU P and N
rail NRZ data, the RLIU receive clock input, and the RCVR dual rail output.
Figure 2-6. RLIU Waveforms—P and N Rail Digital Input Signal
BPV
RPOSI
RNEGI
1
3
5
2
6
4
7
RCKI
Throughput
RPOSO
RNEGO
2-6
1
3
2
5
4
Conexant
BPV
6
7
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.2.1 Data Recovery
The RLIU recovers data from the received analog signal by normalizing the
signal with the Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) and the Automatic Gain Control
(AGC), removing distortion with the Adaptive Equalizer, and extracting the data
using the Data Slicer.
2.2.1.1 Automatic Gain
Control
The AGC circuit adjusts the gain of the incoming differential signal to achieve a
normalized level. The normalized level ensures that the input signal to the ADC is
75% to 100% of full scale. This is done by measuring the peak voltage of the
incoming signal with a peak detector, and inversely adjusting VGA gain based the
peak value. The AGC can be forced to a fixed gain for test purposes or limited to
a maximum value, which is the normal operating mode (see [FORCE_VGA;
addr 020]).
2.2.1.2 Variable Gain
Amplifier
The FORCE_VGA bit in the LIU Configuration register [LIU_CR; addr 020]
selects whether the AGC operates in Gain Limit mode or Fixed Gain mode. In
Gain Limit modes, the RLIU sensitivity is initially set to the maximum
(approximately 43 dB), and the gain is adjusted based the peak value recorded
during the AGC observation period. The AGC observation period can be set to 32,
128, 512, or 2048 symbol periods [RLIU_CR; addr 022]. A short observation
period allows quick responses to pulse height variations but possible overshoots.
A long observation period minimizes overshoots, but does not react quickly to
pulse height variations. The real-time status of the VGA gain setting can be read
in the Variable Gain Amplifier Status register [VGA; addr 029] and used to
approximate the receive analog signal level.
In Fixed Gain mode, the RLIU sensitivity is set to the value stored in the
Variable Gain Amplifier Maximum register [VGA_MAX; addr 024]. VGA_MAX
is a 6-bit register that allows up to 64 gain settings in 1.25 dB steps.
2.2.1.3 Adaptive
Equalizer
After the input amplitude has been normalized, the adaptive equalizer attempts to
remove the distortion introduced by the cable. The transfer function of the
equalizer is initially adjusted based on the peak value of the input signal because
this value provides some indication of the line length on the input. The Adaptive
Equalizer then automatically fine tunes to remove most of the signal distortion
due to intersymbol interference, noise, and other cable length effects.
In certain applications the device can be connected to a DSX monitor point
that has been resistively attenuated. Because this resistive attenuation adds no
phase-versus-frequency distortion, the VGA gain must be adjusted. This is done
by configuring the Receive Pad Resistor Compensation (ATTN[1,0]) in the LIU
Configuration register [LIU_CR; addr 020]. The resistive attenuation can be
configured to be either 0, –10, –20, or –30 dB.
2.2.1.4 Data Slicer
The Data Slicer extracts the data from the equalized signal by comparing the
differential inputs to threshold values. The threshold values are dynamically set,
based on a percentage of the peak level obtained by the peak detector. The
percentage is 50% of peak for both DS1 and CEPT. Dynamically adjusting the
threshold values ensures optimum signal-to-noise ratio. If the SQUELCH bit is
set in the LIU Configuration register [LIU_CR; addr 020] and the input signal
level is below threshold for the entire AGC observation period (EYEOPEN = 0),
Data Slicer output is forced to all 0s.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-7
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.2 Receive Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.2.2 Clock Recovery
2.2.2.1 Phase Locked
Loop
The Receive Phase Locked Loop (RPLL) recovers the line rate clock from the
Data Slicer dual rail outputs. The RPLL generates a recovered clock that tracks
the jitter in the data from the Data Slicer, and sustains the data-to-clock phase
relationship in the absence of incoming pulses. Figure 2-7 illustrates the Receive
LIU’s input clock and data jitter tolerance.
Figure 2-7. Receive Input Jitter Tolerance
Sine Wave Jitter Amplitude (UI pk-pk) [Log Scale]
10000
Data Jitter
Tolerance
1000
138 UI
100
10
TR 62411 (T1)
Min. Tolerance
28 UI
G. 824 (T1)
Min. Tolerance
5 UI
Reg. G. 823 (E1)
Min. Tolerance
Clock Jitter
Tolerance
1.5 UI
1
0.2UI
0.35 UI
.22 UI
0.1UI
0.1
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale]
2-8
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.3 Jitter Attenuator
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.3 Jitter Attenuator
The Jitter Attenuator (JAT), illustrated in Figure 2-8, attenuates jitter in the
receive or transmit path, but not both simultaneously. In the receive configuration,
the line signal is recovered by the RLIU and is dejittered before it is decoded by
the RCVR. In the transmit configuration, the encoded signal from the transmit
block is dejittered before it is transmitted by the Transmit Line Interface Unit
(TLIU). The JAT receive/transmit configuration is done through the JDIR bit in
the Jitter Attenuator Configuration register [JAT_CR; addr 002]. The JAT can also
be completely disabled using the Jitter Attenuation (JEN) bit in the JAT_CR
register.
Figure 2-8. Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram
From RLIU To RLIU
JCLK
RXCLK
Rin
(to CLAD)
Rout
RJAT
Depth
or
To JPHASE
TJAT
Tout
Tin
TXCLK (from CMUX)
JCLK
To/From TLIU
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-9
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.3 Jitter Attenuator
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.3.1 Elastic Store
The elastic store size (RJAT or TJAT) is configurable using JSIZE[2:0] in the
JAT_CR. The elastic store sizes available are 8, 16, 32, 64, and 128 bits. The
32-bit elastic store depth is sufficient to meet jitter tolerance requirements in
cases where the jitter attenuator cutoff frequency is programmed at 6 Hz or below,
and when the selected clock reference is frequency-locked. The larger elastic
store depths allows greater accumulated phase offsets. For example, the 128-bit
depth can tolerate up to ±64 bits of accumulated phase offset.
Since the elastic store is a fixed size, it can overflow and under-run. Overflow
occurs when the elastic store is full; under-run occurs when the elastic store is
empty. If either of these two conditions occurs, the Jitter Attenuator Elastic Store
Limit Error bit (JERR) in the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] is
set. To determine if an overflow or under-run occurs, the Jitter Attenuator
Empty/Full bit (JMPTY) must be read from the Receive LIU Status register
[RSTAT; addr 021].
The elastic store is a circular buffer with independent read and write pointers.
The difference between the read and write pointers is the phase error (JPHASE)
between the input and output clocks of the jitter attenuator and is used to generate
JCLK. The read and write pointers are initialized using JCENTER in the
JAT_CR. JCENTER resets the write pointer and forces the elastic store read
pointer to 1 half of the programmed JSIZE. JCENTER also resets the JMPTY
status, so JMPTY must be read before JCENTER is written.
If JDIR is configured to put the jitter attenuator in the receive path, the write
pointer is driven by the Receive Clock (RXCLK), and the read pointer is driven
by the dejittered recovered clock (JCLK). The dejittered recovered clock output is
available on the RCKO pin if the output is enabled using RCKO_OE in the
Programmable Output Enable register [POE; addr 019]. The dejittering of the
recovered clock is done by the Clock Rate Adapter Block (CLAD). CLAD is
described later in this document.
If JDIR is configured to put the jitter attenuator in the transmit path, the write
pointer is driven by the Transmit Clock (TXCLK), and the read pointer is driven
by the dejittered transmit clock (JCLK). TXCLK can be slaved to four different
clock sources: Transmit Clock Input (TCKI), Receive Clock Output (RCKO),
Receive System Bus Clock Input (RSBCKI), or Clock Rate Adapter Output
(CLADO). The dejittered transmit clock is available on the TCKO pin when the
output is enabled using TCKO_OE in POE.
The receive LIU input clock and data jitter tolerance meets TR 62411-1990, as
illustrated in Figure 2-7. The JAT input jitter tolerance is illustrated in Figure 2-9.
The JAT jitter transfer function meets TR 62411-1990, as defined in Figure 2-10
and Table 2-1.
2-10
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.3 Jitter Attenuator
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-9. CLAD/JAT Input Jitter Tolerance
10.0 k
N
AI
=
04
0X
N
AI
G
=
06
0X
Sine Wave Jitter Amplitude Peak-to-Peak (UI) [Log Scale]
G
LF
LF
1.0 k
138 UI
JSIZE = 128 bits
100.0
JSIZE = 64 bits
28 UI
JSIZE = 32 bits
JSIZE = 16 bits
ITU-T
Rec G.824 (T1)
10.0
7.70
JSIZE = 8 bits
5 UI
4.88
1.5 UI
ITU-T
Rec G.823 (E1)
1.0
TR62411 (T1)
0.2 UI
0.1 UI
0.1
0.1
1.0
10.0
100.0
1.0 k
10.0 k
100.0 k
Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale]
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-11
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.3 Jitter Attenuator
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-10. CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions
0
Jitter Attenuation (dB)
-10
Rec. G.735
(Min. Atten. Boundary)
-20
TR 62411
(Min. Atten. Boundary)
-30
-40
G
TR 62411
(Max. Attn. Boundary)
-50
A
B
C
D
E
F
-60
1
10
100
1000
10000
100000
Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale]
2-12
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.3 Jitter Attenuator
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 2-1. CLAD/JAT Jitter Transfer Functions
N8370DSE
Curve
JAT FIFO Size (bits)
A
128
0x06
B
128
64
0x05
0x06
C
128
64
32
0x04
0x05
0x06
D
64
32
16
0x04
0x05
0x06
E
32
16
8
0x04
0x05
0x06
F
16
8
0x04
0x05
G
8
0x04
Conexant
LF Gain
2-13
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4 Receiver
The Digital Receiver (RCVR) monitors T1/E1 overhead data and decodes
positive and negative rail NRZ data from the RLIU into single rail NRZ data
processed by the RSB. The RCVR, illustrated in Figure 2-11, is made up of the
following elements: Zero Code Suppression (RZCS) Decoder, In-Band Loopback
Code Detector, Error Counters, Error Monitor, Alarm Monitor, Test Pattern
Receiver, Receive Framer, External Receive Data Link, and Receive Data Links.
Figure 2-11. RCVR Diagram
RDLO
RDLCKO
RNEGO
RPOSO
MPU
Registers
DLINK1
External DLINK
PRBS/Inband LB
Sa-Byte
RPDV Monitor
RPOS
RNEG
MOP/BOP
RZCS
Decoder
MOP
RNRZ
Error Monitor
Error Counters
Alarm Monitor
Receive Framer
Receiver Timebase
Line
Loopback
DLINK2 (1)
To RSB
Framer
Loopback
RCKO
NOTE(S):
(1)
2-14
DLINK2 not available in Bt8376 device.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.1 ZCS Decoder
The Receive Zero Code Suppression (RZCS) decoder decodes the dual rail data
(bipolar) into single rail data (unipolar). The Receive AMI bit (RAMI) in the
Receiver Configuration register [RCR0; addr 040] controls whether the received
signal is B8ZS/HDB3 decoded, depending on T1/E1N [addr 001] line rate
selection, or depending on whether the RZCS decoder is bypassed. If the line
code is unknown, the ZCSUB bit in Receive LIU Status [RSTAT; addr 021]
indicates that 1 or more B8ZS/HDB3 substitution patterns have been received on
the RTIP/RRING input. If the line code is B8ZS/HDB3 encoded, the RZCS bit in
RCR0 must be set to keep the LCV counter from counting BPVs that are part of
the B8ZS/HDB3 code.
2.4.2 In-Band Loopback Code Detection
The in-band loopback code detector circuitry detects receive data with in-band
codes of configurable value and length. These codes can be used to request
loopback of terminal equipment signals or other user-specified applications. The
two codes are referred to as loopback-activate and loopback-deactivate, although
the detectors need not be used only for loopback codes. Generally, any repeating
1–7 bit pattern can be selected. The loopback application is described in Section
9.3.1 of ANSI T1.403-1995. The loopback activate code is set in the Loopback
Activate Code Pattern [LBA; addr 043]. The loopback deactivate code is set in the
Loopback Deactivate Code Pattern [LBD; addr 044].
The sequence length for the loopback activate and deactivate codes can be
programmed for 4, 5, 6, or 7 bits by setting the code length bits of the Receive
Loopback Code Detector Configuration register [RLB; addr 042]. Shorter codes
can be programmed by repeating the expected pattern (e.g., 3+3 bit code
programmed as 6-bit code).
T1 In-Band Loopback Codes
Activate 00001
Deactivate 001
When a loopback code is detected, the LOOPUP or LOOPDN status bit is set
in Alarm 2 register [ALM2; addr 048], and the corresponding LOOPUP or
LOOPDN bit in Alarm 2 Interrupt Status register (ISR6; addr 005] is set. The
loopback detection interrupt can be enabled using the Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable
register [IER6; addr 00D]. When enabled, a loop-up or loop-down code detection
causes the Alarm 2 Interrupt bit [ALARM2] to be set in the Interrupt Request
register [IRR; addr 003] and generates an interrupt. Since loopbacks are not
automatically initiated, the processor must intercept and interpret the interrupt
status condition to determine when it must enable or disable the loopback control
mechanism (e.g., LLOOP; addr 014).
The in-band loopback code detector circuitry is only applicable to T1 mode.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-15
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.3 Error Counters
The following Performance Monitoring (PM) counters are available in the
RCVR: Framing Bit Errors (FERR), CRC Errors (CERR), Line Code Violations
(LCV), and Far End Block Errors (FEBE). All PM count registers are reset on
read unless LATCH_CNT is set in the Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration
register [LATCH; addr 046]. LATCH_CNT enables the 1-second latching of
counts coincident with the 1-second timer interrupt [ISR6; addr 005]. One-second
latching of PM counts is required if AUTO_PRM responses are enabled. All PM
counters can be disabled during RLOF, RLOS, and RAIS, using the STOP_CNT
bit in the LATCH register.
NOTE:
2.4.3.1 Frame Bit Error
Counter
The 12-bit Framing Bit Error Counter [FERR; addr 050 and 051] increments each
time a receive Ft, Fs, T1DM, FPS, or FAS error is detected. Fs (T1) and NFAS
(E1) errors can be included in the FERR count by setting FS_NFAS in Receive
Alarm Signal Configuration [RALM; addr 045]. An interrupt is available to
indicate that the FERR counter overflowed in the Counter Overflow Interrupt
Status register [ISR4; addr 007].
2.4.3.2 CRC Error
Counter
The 10-bit Cyclic Redundancy Check Error Counter [CERR; addr 052 and 053]
increments each time a receive CRC4 (E1) or CRC6 (T1) error is detected. An
interrupt is available to indicate that the CERR counter overflowed in ISR4.
2.4.3.3 LCV Error
Counter
The 16-bit Line Code Violation Error Counter [LCV; addr 054 and 055]
increments each time a receive Bipolar Violation (BPV)—not including line
coding—is detected. The LCV count can include EXZ if EXZ_LCV in the
Receive Alarm Signal Configuration register [RALM; addr 045] is set. EXZ can
be configured [RZCS; addr 040] to be 8 or 16 successive 0s, following a 1. An
interrupt is available to indicate that the LCV counter overflowed in ISR4.
2.4.3.4 FEBE Counter
2-16
If STOP_CNT is negated, error monitoring during RLOF conditions will
detect FERR, CERR, and FEBE according to the last known frame
alignment.
The 10-bit Far End Block Error (FEBE) counter [FEBE; addr 056 and 057]
increments each time the RCVR encounters an E1 far-end block error. An
interrupt is available to indicate that the FEBE counter overflowed in ISR4.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.4 Error Monitor
The following signal errors are detected in the RCVR: Frame Bit Error (FERR),
MFAS Error (MERR), CAS Error (SERR), CRC Error (CERR), and Pulse
Density Violations (PDVs). Each error type has an interrupt enable bit that allows
an interrupt to occur marking the event, and has an interrupt register bit read by
the interrupt service routine. All error status registers are reset on read unless the
LATCH_ERR bit is set in the Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration register
[LATCH; addr 046]. LATCH_ERR enables the 1-second latching of alarms
coincident with the 1-second timer interrupt [ISR6; addr 005]. With
LATCH_ERR enabled, any error detected during the 1-second interval is latched
and held during the following 1-second interval. LATCH_ERR allows the
processor to gather error statistics based on the 1-second interval.
FERR is reported for the receive direction in the Error Interrupt Status register
[ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit direction in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0;
addr 00B]. FERR indicates that 1 or more Ft/Fs/FPS frame bit errors or FAS
pattern errors occurred since the last time the interrupt status was read. The FERR
type is determined by the receive framer’s configuration [CR0; address 001].
While CRC4 framing is enabled, MERR is reported for the receive direction
in the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit
direction in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0; addr 00B]. MERR is only applicable
in E1 mode and indicates that 1 or more MFAS pattern errors occurred since the
last time the interrupt status was read.
While CAS framing is enabled, SERR is reported for the receive direction in
the Error Interrupt Status register [ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit direction
in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0; addr 00B]. SERR is applicable only in E1 mode.
In this mode, SERR indicates that 1 or more errors were received in the TS16
Multiframe Alignment Signal (MAS) since the last time the interrupt status was
read.
CERR is reported for the receive direction in the Error Interrupt Status register
[ISR5; addr 006] and for the transmit direction in Pattern Interrupt Status [ISR0;
addr 00B]. CERR is only applicable in T1 ESF and E1 MFAS modes. In these
modes, CERR indicates that 1 or more bit errors were found in the CRC4/CRC6
pattern block since the last time the interrupt status was read.
PDV is reported when the receive signal does not meet the pulse density
requirements of ANSI T1.403-1995 (Section 5.6). A PDV is declared whenever
more than 15 consecutive zeros or the average ones density falls below 12.5%.
RPDV is reported for the receive direction in the Alarm 1 Interrupt Status register
[ISR7; addr 004].
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-17
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.5 Alarm Monitor
The following signal alarms are detected in the RCVR: Loss of Frame (LOF);
Loss of Signal (LOS); Analog Loss of Signal (ALOS); Alarm Indication Signal
(AIS); Remote Alarm Indication (RAI) or Yellow Alarm (YEL); Multiframe
Yellow Alarm (MYEL); Severely Errored Frame (SEF); Change of Frame
Alignment (COFA); and Multiframe AIS (MAIS). Each alarm has the following:
a status register bit that reports the real-time status of the event, an interrupt
enable bit that enables an interrupt to mark the event, and an interrupt register bit
read by the interrupt service routine to identify the event that caused the interrupt.
All alarm status registers are reset on read unless the LATCH_ALM bit is set in
Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration register [LATCH; addr 046].
LATCH_ALM enables the 1-second latching of alarms coincident with the
1-second timer interrupt [ISR6; addr 005]. With LATCH_ALM enabled, any
alarm detected during the 1-second interval is latched and held during the
following 1-second interval.
2.4.5.1 Loss of Frame
Receive Loss of Frame (RLOF) is declared when the receive data stream does not
meet the framing criteria specified in the Receiver Configuration register
[RCR0; addr 040].
If the line rate is E1 [T1/E1N; addr 001], RLOF is the logically OR'ed status
of FAS, MFAS, and CAS alignment. These alignments, FRED, MRED and
SRED, respectively, are available separately in the Alarm 3 Status register
[ALM3; addr 049]. Once RLOF is declared, the LOF[1:0] bits in ALM3 report
the reason for E1 loss of frame alignment. In T1 mode, RLOF is equal to FRED.
The RLOF real-time status is available in Alarm 1 Status register [ALM1;
addr 047], and the interrupt status is set in the Alarm 1 Interrupt Status register
[ISR7; addr 004]. The RLOF interrupt is enabled by setting RLOF in the Alarm 1
Interrupt Enable register [IER7; addr 00C].
An FRED count [FRED[3:0]; addr 05A] is also available in the
SEF/LOF/COFA Alarm Counter [AERR; addr 05A]. An interrupt in Counter
Overflow Interrupt Status [ISR4; addr 007] indicates that the FRED counter
overflowed. COFA [1:0] is applicable to T1 modes only.
While T1 framing mode is enabled, the RLOF status and RLOF interrupt
status are integrated over 2.0 to 2.5 seconds if the RLOF_INTEG bit is set in the
Receive Alarm Signal Configuration register [RALM; addr 045]. The FRED
count is unaffected by RLOF_INTEG.
2.4.5.2 Loss of Signal
If the line rate is T1, the criteria for Receive Loss of Signal (RLOS) is 100
contiguous 0s (consistent with the standard requirement of 175 ±75 zeros). If the
line rate is E1, the criteria for RLOS is 32 contiguous 0s. RLOS is cleared upon
detecting an average pulse density of at least 12.5% (occurring during a period of
114 bits starting with the receipt of a pulse, and where no occurrences of 100/32
contiguous 0s are detected).
The RLOS real-time status is available in ALM1, and the interrupt is available
in ISR7. The XMTR can be configured to automatically generate an Alarm
Indication Signal (AIS) in the transmit direction when RLOS is declared (see
AUTO_AIS [TALM; addr 075].
2-18
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.5.3 Analog Loss of
Signal
Receive Analog Loss of Signal (RALOS) is declared in analog receive mode,
[RDIGI = 0; addr 020], when RTIP/RRING input signal amplitude is less than the
programmed (VGA_MAX) threshold. In the digital receive mode, RDIGI = 1,
RALOS is declared when the Receive Clock Input (RCKI) remains low for
125 µs. RALOS real-time status is available in ALM1; RALOS interrupt is
available in ISR7.
2.4.5.4 Alarm Indication
Signal
If the line rate is T1 [T1/E1N; addr 001], the criteria for Receive Alarm Indication
Signal (RAIS) is the reception of 4 or fewer 0s in a period of 3 ms (4632 bits), and
the assertion of RLOF. If the line rate is E1, RAIS is set when 2 consecutive
double frames each contain 2 or fewer 0s out of 512 bits and FAS alignment is
lost [FRED; addr 049]. RAIS real-time status is available in ALM1; RAIS
interrupt is available in ISR7.
2.4.5.5 Yellow Alarm
The criteria for Yellow Alarm (YEL) is described in Table 3-13, Receive Yellow
Alarm Set/Clear Criteria. YEL real-time status is available in ALM1; YEL
interrupt is available in ISR7.
2.4.5.6 Multiframe YEL
The criteria for Multiframe Yellow Alarm is described in Table 3-13, Receive
Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria. MYEL real-time status is available in ALM1;
MYEL interrupt is available in ISR7.
2.4.5.7 Severely Errored
Frame
A SEF is reported when the receive signal does not meet the requirements of
ANSI T1.231. SEF real-time status is available in ALM3. A 2-bit counter is also
available [SEF; addr 05A]. An interrupt is available in ISR4 to indicate that the
SEF counter overflowed.
2.4.5.8 Change of
Frame
Alignment
2.4.5.9 Receive
Multiframe AIS
N8370DSE
Each COFA increments a 2-bit counter [COFA; addr 05A]. An interrupt is
available in ISR4 to indicate that the COFA counter overflowed.
Receive Multiframe AIS (RMAIS) is reported when the receive TS16 signal
contains 3 or fewer 0s out of 128 bits in each multiframe over 2 consecutive
multiframes according to the requirements of ITU–T Recommendation G.775.
RMAIS is checked only in E1 CAS mode. RMAIS real-time status is available in
ALM3 [addr 049].
Conexant
2-19
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.6 Test Pattern Receiver
The test pattern receiver circuitry can sync on framed or unframed PRBS patterns
and count bit errors. This feature is particularly useful for system diagnostics,
production testing, and test equipment applications. The PRBS patterns available
include 2E11-1, 2E15-1, 2E20-1, and 2E23-1. Each pattern can optionally
include Zero Code Suppression (ZCS).
The Receive Test Pattern Configuration register [RPATT; addr 041] controls
the test pattern receiver circuit. BSTART control bit (in RPATT) must be active to
enable the test pattern receiver and to begin counting bit errors. RPATT controls
the PRBS pattern, ZCS setting (ZLIMIT), and T1/E1 framing (FRAMED).
RPATT selects which PRBS pattern the receiver should hunt for pattern sync.
ZLIMIT selects the maximum number of consecutive zeros the pattern is allowed
to contain. FRAMED mode informs the PRBS pattern receiver not to search for
the pattern in the frame bit in T1 mode or search for the pattern in time slot 0 (and
time slot 16 if CAS framing is selected) in E1 mode. CAS framing is selected by
setting RFRAME[3] to 1 in the Primary Control register [CR0; addr 001]. If
FRAMED is disabled, the PRBS pattern receiver searches all time slots for the
test pattern.
The RESEED bit in RPATT informs the receive PRBS sync circuit to begin a
PRBS pattern search. Once the search begins, any additional writes to RESEED
restarts the pattern sync search at a different point in the pattern. The time to sync
depends on the pattern and number of bit errors in the pattern.
Pattern sync is reported (when found) in PSYNC status of the Pattern Interrupt
Status register [ISR0; addr 00B]. After pattern sync is found, the PRBS Pattern
Error counter [BERR; addr 058 and 059] begins counting bit errors detected on
the incoming pattern, provided that BSTART remains active. Error counting stops
if the BSTART bit is cleared. BERR counter is reset to 0 after every read, or
latched on every ONESEC interrupt as selected by LATCH_CNT [addr 046]. An
interrupt is available to indicate the BERR counter overflowed in ISR4.
2-20
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.7 Receive Framing
Two framers are in the receive data stream: an offline framer and an online frame
status monitor. The offline framer recovers receive frame alignment; the online
framer monitors frame alignment patterns and recovers multiframe alignment in
E1 modes. Frame and multiframe synchronization criteria used by the framers
and monitoring criteria of the online framer are selected in RFRAME[3:0] of the
Primary Control register [CR0; addr 001].
Receive frame synchronization is initiated by the online framer’s activation of
the Receive Loss of Frame (RLOF) status bit in the Alarm 1 Status register
[ALM1; addr 047]. The RLOF criteria is set in the RLOFA, RLOFB, RLOFC,
and RLOFD bits of the Receiver Configuration register [RCR01; addr 040]. The
online framer supports the following LOF criteria for T1: 2 out of 4, 2 out of 5,
and 2 out of 6. For E1, the online framer supports 3 out of 3, with or without 915
out of 1000 CRC errors.
Once RLOF is asserted, the offline framer automatically starts searching the
receive data stream for a new frame alignment, provided that receive framing is
enabled [RABORT; addr 040]. If receive framing is disabled, the offline framer
does not automatically search for the frame alignment, but waits for a reframe
command [RFORCE; addr 040] to start a frame alignment search. If RLOF
integration is enabled [RLOF_INTEG; addr 045] the RLOF status [ALM1;
addr 047] and RLOF interrupt status [ISR7; addr 004] is integrated for 2.0 to
2.5 seconds.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-21
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The online framer continuously monitors for RLOF condition [ALM1;
addr 047] and searches for E1 multiframe alignment after basic frame alignment
is recovered by the offline framer. Receive multiframe alignment is declared
when multiframe alignment criteria are met, as shown in Table 2-2 and Table 2-3.
The receive online framer reports multiframe errors, frame errors, and CRC errors
in the Error Interrupt Status [ISR5; addr 006].
Table 2-2. Receive Framer Modes
2-22
T1/E1N
RFRAME[3:0]
0
000X
FAS Only
0
001X
FAS Only + BSLIP
0
010X
FAS + CRC
0
011X
FAS + CRC + BSLIP
0
100X
FAS + CAS
0
101X
FAS + CAS + BSLIP
0
110X
FAS + CRC + CAS
0
111X
FAS + CRC + CAS + BSLIP
1
0000
FT Only
1
0001
ESF + No CRC (FPS only)
1
0100
SF
1
0101
SF + JYEL
1
0110
SF + T1DM
1
1000
SLC + FSLOF
1
1001
SLC
1
1100
ESF + Mimic CRC
1
1101
ESF + Force CRC
Conexant
Receive Framer Mode
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 2-3. Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment (1 of 2)
Mode
FAS
Description
Basic Frame Alignment (BFA) is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied:
• FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N.
• Frame N+1 contains bit 2 equal to 1.
• Frame N+2 also contains FAS pattern (0011011).
During FAS-only modes, BFA is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied:
• FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N.
• No mimics of the FAS pattern are present in frame N+1.
• FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N+2.
NOTE(S): If FAS pattern is not found in frame N+2, or if FAS mimic is found in frame N+1, the search restarts in
frame N+2.
Loss of FAS frame alignment (FRED) is declared when 1 of the following criteria is met:
• Three consecutive FAS pattern errors are detected when the FAS pattern consists of a 7-bit (x0011011)
pattern in FAS frames, and if FS_NFAS is also active [addr 045], the FAS pattern includes bit 2 of NFAS
frames.
• Loss of MFAS (MRED) is due to 915 or more CRC errors out of 1000.
• Failure to locate two valid MFAS patterns within 8 ms after BFA.
NOTE(S): In all cases, FRED causes next search for FAS alignment to begin 1 bit after the current FAS location.
BSLIP
FAS Bit Slip Enable. Applicable only for Dutch PTT national applications. If BSLIP is enabled, the online framer is
allowed to change RX timebase by ±1 bit when a 1-bit FAS pattern slip is detected. BSLIP does not affect the offline
framer's search criteria.
MFAS
CRC4 Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied:
• BFA is recovered, identifying FAS and NFAS frames.
• Within 8 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains two MFAS patterns (001011xx). The second MFAS
must be aligned with respect to first MFAS, but the second MFAS pattern is not necessarily received in
consecutive frames.
• Within 8 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains the second MFAS pattern (001011xx), aligned to first
MFAS.
Loss of MFAS alignment (MRED) declared when 1 of the following criteria is met:
• 915 or more CRC4 errors out of 1000 (submultiframe) blocks.
• Loss of FAS (FRED).
NOTE(S): If Disable 915 CRC Reframe is set [RLOFD; addr 040], then MRED is activated only by FRED.
CAS
CAS Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied:
• BFA is recovered, identifying TS0 through TS31.
• MAS (0000xxxx) multiframe alignment signal pattern is found in the first 4 bits of TS16, and 8 bits of TS16
in preceding frame contains non-0 value.
Loss of CAS alignment (SRED) is declared when 1 of the following criteria is met:
• Two consecutive MAS pattern errors are detected.
• TS16 contains all 0s in 2 multiframes (32 consecutive frames).
• Loss of FAS (FRED).
FT Only
Terminal frame alignment is recovered when the following occurs:
The first valid Ft pattern (1010) is found in 12 alternate F-bit locations (3 ms), where F-bits are separated by 193
bits.
During Ft-only mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of Ft bit errors detected meets
selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040].
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-23
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 2-3. Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer Alignment (2 of 2)
Mode
SF
Description
Superframe alignment is recovered when terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits.
Depends on SF submode: if JYEL, only Ft bits are used; Fs bits are ignored. If no JYEL, SF pattern (001110) found
in Fs bits.
During any SF mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of frame errors detected, either
Ft or Fs bit errors, meets selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040]. FS_NFAS [addr 045]
determines whether Fs bits are included in error count.
SLC
Superframe alignment is recovered when
• Terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits.
• SLC pattern (refer to Table A-3, SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents) is found in 16 of 36 Fs bits, according to Bellcore
TR-TSY-000008.
During SLC modes without FSLOF, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of Ft bit errors
detected meets selected reframe criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040].
FSLOF
FSLOF instructs the online framer to monitor 16 of 36 Fs bits (SLC multiframe pattern) for loss of frame alignment
criteria. FS_NFAS [addr 045] must also be set to include Fs bits in loss of frame. FSLOF does not affect the offline
framer's search criteria.
ESF
Extended Superframe alignment is recovered when
A valid FPS candidate is located (001011). Candidate bits are each separated by 772 digits and are received
without pattern errors.
If there is only 1 valid FPS candidate and the mode is 1 of the following:
No CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison.
Mimic CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison.
Force CRC mode—align to FPS, only if CRC6 is correct.
If there are two or more valid FPS candidates and the mode is 1 of the following:
No CRC mode—do not align (INVALID status).
Mimic CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6.
Force CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6.
During any ESF mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when:
Number of FPS pattern errors detected meets selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040].
T1DM
During T1DM mode, frame alignment is recovered in two steps:
1. A 6-bit T1DM pattern (10111xx0) is found.
2. A valid F-bit pattern (Ft, Fs, or FPS) is found in the first six consecutive frames of the 12-frame cycle aligned to
the T1DM pattern.
During T1DM mode, loss of frame alignment (FRED) is declared when the number of frame errors detected, either
Ft, Fs, or T1DM errors, meets selected loss of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFC; addr 040].
Fs_NFAS; addr 046] does not affect T1DM mode.
NOTE(S): To meet Bellcore TA-TSY-000278, the processor must select SF + T1DM framer mode, RLOFC (2 of 6)
reframe criteria, and FS_NFAS inactive.
2-24
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The offline framer is shared between the RCVR and XMTR and can search in
only one direction at any time. Consequently, the processor arbitrates which
direction is searched by enabling the reframe request (RLOF and TLOF) for that
direction.
The offline framer waits until the current search is complete (see [FSTAT; addr
017]) before checking for pending LOF reframe requests. If both online framers
have pending reframe requests, the offline framer aligns to the direction opposite
from that which was most recently searched. For example, if TLOF is pending at
the conclusion of a receive search which timed out without finding alignment, the
offline framer switches to search in the transmit direction. The TLOF switchover
is prevented in the preceding example if the processor asserts TABORT to mask
the transmit reframe request. TABORT does not affect TLOF status reporting. For
applications that frame in only 1 direction, the opposite direction should be
masked. If, at the conclusion of a receive search, TLOF status is asserted but
masked by TABORT, the offline framer continues to search in the receive
direction. For applications that frame in both directions, the processor can allow
the offline framer to automatically arbitrate among pending reframe requests, or
can elect to manually control reframe precedence. An example of manual control
follows:
1
2
3
4
5
Initialize RABORT = 1 and TABORT = 1
Enable RLOF and TLOF interrupts
Read clear pending ISR interrupts
Release RABORT = 0
Call LOF Service Routine if either RLOF or TLOF interrupt;
{
(check current LOF status [ALM1, 2; addr 047, 048]
If RLOF recovered and TLOF lost
—Assert RABORT = 1
—Release TABORT = 0
If RLOF lost or TLOF recovered
—Assert TABORT = 1
—Release RABORT = 0
}
The status of the offline framer can be monitored for diagnostic purposes
using the Offline Framer Status register [FSTAT; addr 017]. The register reports
the following:
•
•
•
•
•
NOTE:
N8370DSE
whether the offline framer is looking at the receive or transmit data streams
(RX/TXN)
whether the framer is actively searching for a frame alignment (ACTIVE)
whether the framer found multiple framing candidates (TIMEOUT)
whether the framer found frame sync (FOUND)
whether the framer found no frame alignment candidates (INVALID)
These status bits are updated in real time and might be active for only very
short (1-bit) periods of time.
Conexant
2-25
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.8 External Receive Data Link
The External Data Link (DL3) provides signal access to any bit(s) in any time slot
of all frames, odd frames, or even frames, including T1 framing bits. Pin access to
the DL3 receiver is provided through RDLCKO and RDLO. These two pins serve
as the DL3 clock output (RDLCKO) and data output (RDLO). The data link
mode of the pins is selected using the RDL_IO bit in the Programmable
Input/Output register [PIO; addr 018].
Control of DL3 is provided in two registers: External Data Link Channel
[DL3_TS; add 015] and External Data Link Bit [DL3_BIT; addr 016]. RDL3 is
set up by selecting the bit(s) (DL3_BIT) and time slot [TS[4:0]; addr 015] to be
monitored, and then enabling the data link [DL3EN; addr 015], which starts the
RDLCKO and TDLCKO gapped clock outputs that mark the selected bits, as
shown in Figure 2-12.
Figure 2-12. Receive External Data Link Waveforms
RDLO
(T1: ESF)
Frame 2
Frame 1
F 1 2
23 24 F 1
2
Frame 3
23 24 F 1 2
Frame 4
23 24 F 1 2
Frame 5
23 24 F 1 2
23 24 F 1
2
RCKO
RDLO
TS24
F
TS1
TS2
RDLCKO
NOTE(S): This waveform represents time slot 1 extraction. Any combination of bits can be selected.
2.4.9 Sa-Byte Receive Buffers
The Sa-Byte buffers give read access to the odd frame Sa bits in E1 mode. Five
receive Sa-Byte buffers [RSA4 to RSA8; addr 05B to 05F] are available. As a
group, the buffers are updated every multiframe from Sa-bits received in TS0.
This gives the processor up to 2 ms after the receive multiframe interrupt [RMF;
addr 008] occurs to read any Sa-Byte buffer before the buffer content changes.
2.4.10 Receive Data Link
The RCVR contains two independent data link controllers (DL1 and DL2) and a
Bit-Oriented Protocol (BOP) transceiver. DL1 and DL2 can be programmed to
send and receive HDLC formatted messages in the Message-Oriented Protocol
(MOP) mode. Alternatively, unformatted serial data can be sent and received over
any combination of bits within a selected time slot or F-bit channel. The BOP
transceiver can preemptively receive and transmit BOP messages, such as ESF
Yellow Alarm.
2-26
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.4.10.1 Data Link
Controllers
The Bt8370 and Bt8375 provide two internal data link controllers, and the Bt8376
provides a single controller (DL1). DL1 and DL2 control two serial data channels
operating at multiples of 4 kbps—up to the full 64 kbps time slot rate—by
selecting a combination of bits from odd, even, or all frames. Both DL1 and DL2
support the following: ESF Facilities Data Link (FDL), SLC-96 Data Link,
Sa Data Link, Common Channel Signaling (CCS), Signaling System #7 (SS7),
ISDN LAPD channels, Digital Multiplexed Interface (DMI) Signaling in TS24,
ETSI V.5.1 and V.5.2 control channels. DL1 and DL2 each contain a 64-byte
receive buffer that functions as either programmable length circular buffers or
full-length data FIFOs.
Both data link controllers are configured identically, except for their offset in
the register map. The DL1 address range is 0A4 to 0AE, and the DL2 address
range is 0AF to 0B9. From this point on, DL1 is used to describe the operation of
both data link controllers.
DL1 is enabled using the DL1 Control register [DL1_CTL; addr 0A6]. DL1
does not function until it is enabled. DL1_CTL also controls the format of the
data. The following data formats [DL1[1:0]; addr 0A6] are supported on the data
link: Frame Check Sequence (FCS), non-FCS, Pack8, or Pack6. FCS and
non-FCS are HDLC formatted messages. Pack8 and Pack6 are unformatted
messages with 8 bits per FIFO access, or 6 bits per FIFO access, respectively
(see Table 2-4).
Table 2-4. Commonly Used Data Link Settings
Data Link
Frame
Time Slot
Time Slot Bits
Mode
Odd
0 (F-bits)
Don’t Care
FCS
All
24
00000010
FCS
Even
0 (F-bits)
Don’t Care
Pack6
ISDN LAPD
All
N
11111111
FCS
Sa4
Odd
1
00001000
FCS
ESF FDL
T1DM R Bit
SLC-96
NOTE(S): N represents any T1/E1 time slot.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-27
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The time slot and bit selection are performed through the DL1 Time Slot
Enable register [DL1_TS; addr 0A4] and the DL1 Bit Enable register [DL1_BIT;
addr 0A5]. The DL1 Time Slot Enable register selects the frames and time slot to
extract the data link. The frame select tells the receiver to extract the time slot in
all frames, odd frames, even frames. The time slot enable is a value between 0 and
31 that selects which time slot to extract. The DL1 Bit Enable register selects
which bits are extracted in the selected time slot. Refer to Table 2-4 for the
common frame, time slot, time slot bits, and modes used.
The Receive Data Link FIFO #1 [RDL1; addr 0A8] is 64 bytes long. The
Receive FIFO is formatted differently than the transmit FIFO. The Receive FIFO
contains not only received messages, but also a status byte preceding each
message that specifies the size of the received message and the status of that
message. The message status reports if the message was aborted, received with a
correct/incorrect FCS, or continued. A continued message means the byte count
represents a partial message. Once all message bytes are read, the FIFO contains
another status byte. Message bytes can be differentiated from status bytes in the
FIFO by reading the RSTAT1 bit in the RDL #1 Status register [RDL1_STAT;
addr 0A9]. RSTAT1 reports whether the next byte read from the FIFO is a status
byte or some number of message bytes.
The receive data link controller has a versatile microprocessor interface that
can be tuned to the system’s CPU bandwidth. For systems with 1 CPU dedicated
to 1 Bt8370, the data link status can be polled. For systems where a single CPU
controls multiple Bt8370s, the data link can be interrupt-driven. See Figures 2-13
and 2-14 for a high-level description of polling and interrupt driven Receive Data
Link Controller software.
2-28
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-13. Polled Receive Data Link Processing
Receive Message
Read Data Link Status
Wait N Milliseconds
Wait N Milliseconds
If
FIFO EMPTY
Yes
No
If
Message Status
on FIFO
Read Message Byte from FIFO
and Discard
No
(Purge FIFO)
Yes
Read Message Status from FIFO
Read X Message Bytes from FIFO
Yes
If
Message Status
is Continue
No
If
Message Status
is Good
No
Yes
Return
Error Receiving Message
Return
NOTE(S): Message status contains number of message bytes (X) in FIFO, where (X) equals 0 during idle channel or errored
message.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-29
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-14. Interrupt Driven Receive Data Link Processing
Interrupt Service Routine
Interrupt Occurred
Read Interrupt Status
Complete MSG
or Near Full
Interrupt
No
Yes
Read Data Link Status
Process Other Interrupt
Read Message Byte from FIFO
and Discard
No
(Purge FIFO)
Return
If
Message Status
on FIFO
Yes
Read Message Status from FIFO
Read X Message Bytes from FIFO
If
Message Status
is Good or
Continue
No
Yes
Return
Error Receiving Message
Return
NOTE(S): Message status contains number of message bytes (X) in FIFO where (X) equals 0 during idle channel or errored
message.
2-30
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.4 Receiver
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Using the receive FIFO, an entire block of data can be received with very little
microprocessor interrupt overhead. Block transfers from the FIFO can be
controlled by the Near Full Threshold in the FIFO Fill Control register
[RDL1_FFC; addr 0A7]. The Near Full Threshold is a user-programmable value
between 0 and 63. This value represents the maximum number of bytes that can
be placed into the receive FIFO without the near full being declared. Once the
threshold is set, the Near Full Status (RNEAR1) in RDL #1 Status [RDL1_STAT;
addr 0A9] is asserted when the Near Full Threshold is reached. An interrupt,
RNEAR, in Data Link 1 Interrupt Status [ISR2; addr 009], is also available to
mark this event.
The Bt8370/8375/8376 uses a hierarchical interrupt structure, with 1 top-level
interrupt cause register directing software to the lower levels (see Interrupt
Request register; addr 003). Of all the interrupt sources, the two most significant
bandwidth requirements are signaling and data link interrupts. Each data link
controller has a top-level interrupt status register that reports data link operations
(see Data Link 1 and 2 Interrupt Status registers [ISR2, ISR1; addr 009 and 00A).
The processor uses a two-step interrupt scheme for the data link:
1. It reads the Interrupt Request register.
2. It uses that register value to read the corresponding Data Link Interrupt
Status register.
2.4.10.2 RBOP Receiver
The Receive Bit-Oriented Protocol (RBOP) receiver receives BOP messages,
including the ESF Yellow Alarm, which consists of repeated 16-bit patterns with
an embedded 6-bit codeword as shown in this example:
0xxxxxx0 11111111 (received right to left)
[543210] RBOP = 6-bit codeword
The BOP message channel is configured to operate over the same channel
selected by Data Link #1 [DL1_TS; addr 0A4]. It must be configured to operate
over the FDL channel so RBOP can detect priority, command, and response
codeword messages according to ANSI T1.403, Section 9.4.1.
RBOP is enabled using the RBOP_START bit in Bit Oriented Protocol
Transceiver register [BOP; address 0A0]. BOP codewords are received in the
Receive BOP Codeword register [RBOP; addr 0A2], which contains the 6-bit
codeword, a valid flag (RBOP_VALID), and a lost flag (RBOP_LOST). The valid
flag is set each time a new codeword is put in RBOP, and is cleared on reading the
codeword. The lost flag indicates a new codeword overwrote a valid codeword
before the processor read it.
The BOP receiver can be configured to update RBOP using a message length
filter and integration filter. The receive BOP message length filter [RBOP_LEN;
addr 0A40] sets the number of successive identical messages required before
RBOP is updated. RBOP_LEN can be set to 1, 10, and 25 messages. When
enabled, the RBOP integration filter [RBOP_INTEG; add 0A0] requires receipt
of two identical consecutive 16-bit patterns, without gaps or errors between
patterns, to validate the first codeword. RBOP integration is needed to meet the
codeword detection criteria while receiving 1 1/1000 bit error ratio.
The real-time status of the codeword reception can be monitored using the
RBOP_ACTIVE bit in the BOP Status register [BOP_STAT; addr 0A3]. Each
time a message is put in RBOP register, an interrupt is generated, and the RBOP
bit is set in the Data Link 2 Interrupt Status register [ISR1; addr 00A].
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-31
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.5 Receive System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.5 Receive System Bus
The Receive System Bus (RSB) provides a high-speed, serial interface between
the RCVR and the system bus. The system bus is compatible with the Mitel
ST-Bus, the Siemens PEB Bus, and the AT&T CHI Bus, and directly connects to
other CONEXANT serial TDM bus devices with no need for any external
circuitry.
The RSB has the following seven pins: Receive System Bus Clock (RSBCKI),
Receive PCM Data (RPCMO), Receive Signaling Data (RSIGO), Receive Frame
Sync (RFSYNC), Receive Multiframe Sync (RMSYNC), Receive Time Slot
Indicator (RINDO), and Signaling Freeze (SIGFRZ). Figure 2-15 illustrates the
relationship between these signals. (Pin definitions are provided in
Table 1-1, Hardware Signal Definitions.) RSB data outputs can be configured to
output on the rising or falling edge of RSBCKI. See the Receive System Bus
Configuration register [RSB_CR; addr 0D1].
Figure 2-15. RSB Waveforms
RSBCKI
Frame 48 TS 31
E1
RPCMO
Frame 1 TS 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
B
RINDO
RSIGO
Frame 48 TS 24
RPCMO
T1
3
Frame 1 TS 1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
F
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
X
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
A
RINDO
RSIGO
SIGFRZ
RFSYNC
RMSYNC
NOTE(S): The Receive Multiframe Sync (RMSYNC) occurs every 6 ms for 48 T1 or 48 E1 frames.
2-32
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.5 Receive System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The RSB supports five system bus rates (MHz): 1.536, 1.544, 2.048, 4.096,
and 8.192. The T1 rate without a framing bit is 1.536 MHz, consisting of 24 time
slots. The T1 rate with a framing bit 1.544 MHz. The E1 rate is 2.048 MHz,
consisting of 32 time slots. Twice the E1 rate is 4.096 MHz, consisting of 64 time
slots. Four times the E1 rate is 8.192 MHz, consisting of 128 time slots. The
4.096 and 8.192 MHz bus modes contain multiple bus members (A, B, C, D)
which allow multiple T1/E1 signals to share the same system bus. This is done by
interleaving the time slots to a maximum of four Bt8370s without external
circuitry (see Figures 2-15 and 2-17). The system bus rate is independent of the
line rate and must be selected using the System Bus Interface Configuration
register [SBI_CR; addr 0D0].
Figure 2-16. RSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving
RSBCKI
RPCMO
TS31A
TS31B
TS0A
TS0B
RSIGO
SIG31A
SIG31B
SIG0A
SIG0B
RFSYNC
NOTE(S): A and B time slot data comes from different Bt8370s. Output data on rising edge clock, RCPM_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1].
Output sync on rising edge clock, RSYN_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1]. RSBCKI operates at 1 times the data rate. RSB.OFFSET
equals 0.
Figure 2-17. RSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving
RSBCKI
RPCMO
TS31A
TS31B
TS31C
TS31D
TS0A
TS0B
TS0C
TS0D
RSIGO
SIG31A
SIG31B
SIG31C
SIG31D
SIG0A
SIG0B
SIG0C
SIG0D
RFSYNC
NOTE(S): A, B, C, and D data comes from different Bt8370s. Output data on rising edge clock, RCPM_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1].
Output sync on rising edge clock, RSYN_NEG = 0 [addr 0D1]. RSBCKI operates at 1 times the data rate. RSB.OFFSET
equals 0.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-33
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.5 Receive System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The RSB maps line rate time slots to system bus time slots. The 24- (DS1) or
32- (CEPT) line rate time slots can be mapped to 24, 32, 64, or 128 system bus
time slots as listed in Table 2-5. The system bus rate must be greater than or equal
to the line rate, except for 1.536 MHz bus mode.
Table 2-5. RSB Interface Time Slot Mapping
Line Rate (MHz)
Source Channels
System Bus Rate (MHz)
Destination
Time Slots
1.544
24
1.536
24
24
1.544
24
24
2.048
32
24
4.096
64
24
8.192
128
32
2.048
32
32
4.096
64
32
8.192
128
2.048
The RSB, illustrated in Figure 2-18, consists of a timebase, slip buffer,
signaling buffer, and signaling stack.
Figure 2-18. RSB Diagram
RSIG
Buffer
+
+
RNRZ
AIS
RSIG
STACK
RSIG
Local
RSIGO
RSLIP
Buffer
RPCMO
SIGFRZ
From
Receiver
RSB
Timebase
RPHASE
Remote
Channel
Loopback
Local
Channel
Loopback
RINDO
RFSYNC
RMSYNC
RSBCKI
TSBCKI
CLADI
CLADO
2-34
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.5 Receive System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.5.1 Timebase
The RSB timebase synchronizes RFSYNC, RMSYNC, and RINDO with the
Receive System Bus Clock (RSBCKI). The RSBCKI can be slaved to 4 clock
sources: Receive System Bus Clock Input (RSBCKI), Transmit System Bus
Clock Input (TSBCKI), Clock Rate Adapter Input (CLADI), or Clock Rate
Adapter Output (CLADO). The RSB clock selection is made through the Clock
Input Mux register [CMUX; addr 01A]. The system bus clock can also be
configured to run at twice the data rate by setting the X2CLK bit in the System
Bus Interface Configuration register [SBI_CR; addr 0D0].
RFSYNC and RMSYNC can be individually configured as inputs or outputs
[PIO; addr 018]. RFSYNC and RMSYNC must be configured as inputs when the
RSB timebase is slaved to the system bus [SBI_OE; addr 0D0]. RFSYNC and
RMSYNC must be configured as outputs when the RSB timebase is master of the
system bus. RFSYNC and RMSYNC can also be configured as rising or falling
edge outputs [RSB_CR; addr 0D1]. In addition to having RFSYNC and
RMSYNC active on the frame boundary, a programmable offset is available to
select the time slot and bit offset in the frame. See the Receive System Bus Sync
Time Slot Offset [RSYNC_TS; addr 0D3] and the Receive System Bus Sync Bit
Offset [RSYNC_BIT; addr 0D2].
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-35
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.5 Receive System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.5.2 Slip Buffer
The 64-byte Receive PCM Slip Buffer [RSLIP; addr 1C0 to 1FF] resynchronizes
the Receiver Clock (RXCLK) and data (RNRZ) to the Receive System Bus Clock
(RSBCK) and data (RPCMO). RSLIP acts like an elastic store by clocking RNRZ
data in with RXCLK and clocking PCM data out on RPCMO with RSBCK.
If the system bus rate is greater than the line rate (i.e., T1 line rate and E1
system bus rate), there is a mismatched number of time slots. The mapping of line
rate time slots to system bus time slots is done by time slot assignments with the
ASSIGN bit in the System Bus Per-Channel Control register [SBC0 to SBC31;
addr 0E0 to 0FF]. ASSIGN selects which system bus time slots are used to
transport line rate time slots. Time slot mapping is done by mapping the first line
rate time slot to the first assigned system bus time slot. For example, T1 to E1
mapping might make every fourth time slot unassigned (i.e., 3, 7, 11, 15, 19, 23,
27, 31); see Figure 2-19. This distribution of unassigned time slots averages out
the idle time slots and optimizes the slip buffer use.
NOTE:
All line rate time slots must be assigned to a system bus time slot.
Figure 2-19. T1 Line to E1 System Bus Time Slot Mapping
Frame A
RNRZ
FA
RPCMO
1
2
3
4
0
1
2
3
Frame B
5
6
4
5
22 23 24 FB 1
u
6
u
7
2
3
4
u
u
27 28 29 30 31
0
1
2
NOTE(S):
1. u = unassigned time slots
2. FA = T1 frame bit for frame A
RSLIP has four modes of operation: Two-Frame Normal, 64-bit Elastic,
Two-Frame Short, and Bypass. RSLIP mode is set in the Receive System Bus
Configuration register [RSB_CR; addr 0D1]. RSLIP is organized as a 2-frame
buffer. This allows MPU access to frame data, regardless of the RSLIP mode
selected. Each byte offset into the frame buffer is a different time slot: offset 0 in
RSLIP is always time slot 0 (TS0), offset 1 is always TS1, and so on. The slip
buffer has processor read/write access.
2-36
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.5 Receive System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
In Normal mode, the slip buffer total depth is two 193-bit frames (T1) or two
256-bit frames (E1). Data is written to the slip buffer using RXCLK and read
from the slip buffer using RSBCK. If a slight rate difference between the clocks
occurs, the slip buffer changes from its initial condition—approximately half
full—by either adding or removing frames. If RXCLK writes to the slip buffer
faster than RSBCK reads the data, the buffer fills up. When the slip buffer in
Normal mode is full, an entire frame of data is deleted. Conversely, if RSBCK
reads the slip buffer faster than RXCLK writes the data, the buffer becomes
empty. When the slip buffer in Normal mode is empty, an entire frame of data is
duplicated. When an entire frame is deleted or duplicated it is known as a Frame
Slip (FSLIP), which is always 1 full frame of data. The FSLIP status is reported in
the Slip Buffer Status register [SSTAT; addr 0D9]. In T1 mode, the F-bit is treated
as part of the frame and can slip accordingly.
In 64-bit Elastic mode, the slip buffer total depth is 64 bits, and the initial
throughput delay is 32 bits, half of the total depth. Similar to Normal mode,
Elastic mode allows the system bus to operate at any of the programmable rates,
independent of the line rate. The advantage of this mode over the Normal mode is
that throughput delay is reduced from 1 frame to an average of 32 bits, and the
output multiframe always retains its alignment with respect to the output data.
The disadvantage of this mode is handling the full and empty buffer conditions.
In Elastic mode, an empty or full buffer condition causes an Uncontrolled Slip
(USLIP). Unlike an FSLIP, a USLIP is of unknown size within the range of
1 to 256 bits of data. The USLIP status is reported in SSTAT.
The Two-Frame Short mode combines the depth of the Normal mode with the
throughput delay of the Elastic mode. The Two-Frame Short mode begins in the
Elastic mode with a 32-bit initial throughput delay, and switches to the Normal
mode when the buffer becomes empty or full; thereafter the Two-Frame Short and
Normal mode perform identically. If the slip buffer is full (two frames) in the
Two-Frame Short mode, an FSLIP is reported, after which the slip buffer and
Two-Frame mode perform identically.
In Bypass mode, data is immediately clocked through RSLIP from the RCVR
to RSB, and RCKO internally replaces the system bus clock.
2.5.3 Signaling Buffer
The 32-byte Receive Signaling Buffer [RSIG; addr 1A0 to 1BF] stores a single
multiframe of signaling data. Each byte offset into RSIG contains signaling data
for a different time slot: offset 0 stores TS0 signaling data, offset 1 stores TS1
signaling data and so on. The signaling data is stored in the least significant 4 bits
of RSIG. The output signaling data is stored in the most significant 4 bits of
RSIG. Similar to RSLIP, RSIG buffer has read/write processor access to read or
overwrite signaling information. RMSYNC extracts robbed-bit signaling from
RSIG onto RPCMO; RFSYNC extracts ABCD signaling from RSIG onto
RSIGO.
The RSIG buffer has the following configurable features:
• transparent, robbed-bit signaling
• signaling freeze
• debounce signaling
• unicode detection
Each feature is available in the Receive Signaling Configuration register
[RSIG; addr 0D7]. See the registers section for more details.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-37
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.5 Receive System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.5.4 Signaling Stack
The Receive Signaling Stack (RSTACK) allows the processor to quickly extract
signaling changes without polling every channel. RSTACK is activated on a
per-channel basis by setting the Received Signaling Stack (SIG_STK) control bit
in the Receive Per-Channel Control register [RPC0 to RPC31; addr 180 to 19F].
The signaling stack stores the channel and the A, B, C, and D signaling bits that
changed in the last multiframe. The stack has the capacity to store signaling
changes for all 24 (T1) or 30 (E1) PCM channels.
At the end of any multiframe where 1 or more ABCD signaling values have
changed, an interrupt occurs with RSIG set in the Timer Interrupt Status register
[ISR3; addr 008]. The processor then reads the Receive Signaling Stack [STACK;
addr 0DA] twice to retrieve the channel number (WORD = 0) and the new ABCD
value (WORD = 1), and continues to read from STACK until the MORE bit in
STACK is cleared, indicating the RSIG stack is empty.
Optionally, the processor can select RSIG interrupt (SET_RSIG; addr 0D7) to
occur at each multiframe boundary in T1 modes, regardless of signaling change.
This mode provides an interrupt aligned to the multiframe to read the RSIG buffer
rather than RSTACK.
2.5.5 Embedded Framing
Embedded Framing mode bit (EMBED; addr 0D0) instructs the RSB to embed
framing bits on RPCMO while in T1 mode.
The G.802 Embedded mode supports ITU-T Recommendation G.802, which
describes how 24 T1 time slots and 1 framing bit (193 bits) are mapped to 32 E1
time slots (256 bits). This mapping is done by leaving TS0 and TS16 unassigned,
by storing the 24 T1 time slots in TS1 to TS15 and TS17 to TS25, and by storing
the frame bit in bit 1 of TS26 (see Figure 2-20). TS26 through TS31 are also
unassigned.
Figure 2-20. G.802 Embedded Framing
Frame B
Frame A
RNRZ
FA
1
2
14 15 16 17
RPCMO
u
0
1
2
u
14 15 16 17 18
23 24 FB
2
23 24 FC 1
u u
24 25 26 27
FB
E1 Framing
Time Slot
1
X
X
X
X
X
u
31
X
0
1
2
2
X
E1 Multiframe/Signalling
Time Slot
NOTE(S):
1. X = unused bits
2. u = unassigned time slot (see ASSIGN bit [addr 0E0 to 0FF])
3. FB = T1 frame bit for frame B
2-38
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
The full function Clock Rate Adapter is included in all Bt8370 and Bt8375
devices. In the Bt8376, the CLADO output is not implemented.
The Clock Rate Adapter (CLAD) illustrated in Figures 2-21 and 2-22 uses an
input clock reference at a particular frequency (range 8 kHz to 16,384 kHz) to
synthesize an output clock (CLADO and JCLK) at a different frequency (range
1024 kHz to 16,384 kHz). The CLAD also controls the read or write pointers of
the elastic store by synthesizing a Jitter-attenuated Line rate Clock (JCLK); thus,
it is an integral part of the Jitter Attenuator (JAT). The CLAD input clock jitter
tolerance and jitter transfer functions are illustrated in Figures 2-9 and 2-10.
These diagrams are illustrated for various programmed loop filter gain values
(LFGAIN; addr 090).
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-39
RXCLK
0
RCKO pin
CLADI
TSBCKI pin
1
CLADI pin
TCKI pin
CEN
JFREE
(RSCALE Factor)
CPHASE
1
REFCKI pin
(10 MHz)
NCO
0
JPHASE
0
Conexant
(1)
1
(VSCALE Factor)
JDIR
JCLK
JEN
Divider Chain
(JAT_CR reg)
Line Rate Clock
CLADO pin
CLADV
VSEL
1
Clock Rate Adapter
OSEL
0
ACKI pin
RCKO
TXCLK
N8370DSE
RSBCKI pin
To
Transmitter
Clock
Monitor
TCKI[1:0]
(CMUX reg)
TCKI pin
Bt8370/8375/8376
CLADO
To TJAT
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
CLAD_OE
(POE reg)
x (XSEL Factor)
2.0 Circuit Description
CLADI[1:0]
(CMUX reg)
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
RCKO_OE
(POE reg)
To RJAT
Figure 2-21. Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8370 and Bt8375 Devices)
NOTE(S):
1. JDIR controlled in JAT_CR [addr 002].
2-40
To Receiver
RXCLK
0
RCKO pin
TSBCKI pin
CLADI
1
CLADI pin
TCKI pin
CEN
JFREE
(RSCALE Factor)
CPHASE
1
(VSCALE Factor)
1
JPHASE
0
REFCKI pin
(10 MHz)
NCO
0
(1)JDIR
JCLK
JEN
Divider Chain
(JAT_CR reg)
Line Rate Clock
CLAD_OE
(POE reg)
x (XSEL Factor)
(2)
CLADO pin
CLADV
VSEL
1
Clock Rate Adapter
OSEL
Bt8370/8375/8376
CLADI[1:0]
(CMUX reg)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RCKO_OE
(POE reg)
To RJAT
Figure 2-22. Clock Rate Adapter/Jitter Attenuator Block Diagram (Bt8376 Device Only)
NOTE(S):
Conexant
1. JDIR controlled in JAT_CR [addr 002].
2. CLADO signal is grounded in the Bt8376 and a logical 0 is driven out on CLADO pin if enabled.
N8370DSE
To Receiver
0
ACKI pin
RSBCKI pin
To
Transmitter
Clock
Monitor
TCKI[1:0]
(CMUX reg)
TCKI pin
2-41
2.0 Circuit Description
RCKO
TXCLK
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
CLADO
To TJAT
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
JCLK and CLADO are locked to the selected timing reference. The reference
frequency can operate at T1 or E1 line rates, or at any rate supported by the clock
rate adapter. See RSCALE[2:0] [addr 092] to select timing reference frequency.
See Table 2-6 for the JCLK/CLADO timing reference.
Table 2-6. JCLK/CLADO Timing Reference
CEN
JEN
JFREE
JDIR
CLADO/JCLK Reference
0
0
1
X
REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock
0
1
1
0
REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with transmit JAT
0
1
1
1
REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with receive JAT
0
1
0
0
TXCLK—TCKI or ACKI per [AISCLK; addr 068]
0
1
0
1
RXCLK—RPLL or RCKI per [RDIGI; addr 020]
1
0
0
X
CLADI—System clock bypass JAT elastic store
1
1
0
0
CLADI—System clock with transmit JAT
1
1
0
1
CLADI—System clock with receive JAT
NOTE(S):
1. JCLK always operates at T1 or E1 line rate selected by [T1/E1N; addr 001]
CLAD output jitter meets jitter generation requirements of AT&T TR62411,
as listed in Table 2-7.
Table 2-7. Jitter Generation Requirements
Filter Applied
Maximum Output Jitter
Measured
None (Broadband)
0.05 UI peak-peak
.015 UI
10 Hz to 40 kHz
0.025 UI peak-peak
.015 UI
8 kHz to 40 kHz
0.025UI peak-peak
.015 UI
10 Hz to 8 kHz
0.02UI peak-peak
.015 UI
CLAD modes are selected using the Clock Rate Adapter Configuration
register [CLAD_CR; addr 090], the Clock Rate Adapter Frequency Select
[CSEL; addr 091], and the Clock Rate Adapter Phase Detector Scale Factor
[CPHASE; addr 092].
If the CLAD Phase Detector (CPHASE) is disabled [CEN; addr 090], the
CLAD input timing reference is determined by the JEN and JFREE bits
(addr 002).
If the CLAD Phase Detector is enabled [CEN; addr 090], the CLAD input
timing reference is selected using CLADI[1:0] in the Clock Input Mux register
[CMUX; addr 01A]. The input timing reference can consist of the Clock Rate
Adapter Input Pin (CLADI); the Receive Clock Output (RCKO, prior to the
output buffer); the Transmit Clock Input Pin (TCKI); or the Transmit System Bus
Clock Input Pin (TSBCKI). (See Figures 2-21 and 2-22 for more details.)
2-42
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Tables 2-8 and 2-9 list examples of program values for selecting various
CLADO and CLADI frequencies. Typically, only 1 selection is needed for a given
system configuration. The processor reconfigures the timing reference [CEN;
addr 090] as needed to respond to system conditions where the primary reference
is unavailable.
2.6.1 Configuring the CLAD Registers
Step 1
Choose a CLADO output frequency. Table 2-8 lists all possible CLADO output
clock frequencies. For system bus applications, valid CLADO frequencies are
1544 kHz, 1536 kHz, 2048 kHz, 4096 kHz, and 8192 kHz.
Step 2
Configure OSEL and XSEL from Table 2-8. OSEL and XSEL together select the
CLADO output frequency. In some cases, there are two options for generating the
desired output signal. Selecting an option with both T1/E1 and XSEL settings
equal to don’t-care (X in the table) allows greater flexibility in subsequent options
below, and also results in a fixed CLADO frequency when switching framer
operation between T1 and E1 modes.
Table 2-8. CLADO Frequencies Selection
CLADO (kHz)
T1/E1
OSEL
XSEL
1024
X
0
X
2048
X
1
X
0
7
0
X
2
X
0
7
1
X
3
X
0
7
2
2560
X
4
X
1536
X
6
X
1544
1
7
0
X
5
X
3088
1
7
1
6176
1
7
2
12352
1
7
3
16384
0
7
3
X
8
X
4096
8192
NOTE(S): X = Don’t care
Step 3
N8370DSE
If CLADI is the timing reference source (CEN = 1), select the desired CLAD
timing reference frequency from Table 2-9. If CEN = 0, the CLAD reference is
RXCLK (line rate), TXCLK (line rate), or free run (REFCKI) and Table 2-9 is
not applicable.
Conexant
2-43
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Step 4
Configure RSCALE, VSCALE, VSEL, and XSEL from Table 2-9 which contains
configuration examples. Again, in some cases, two or more configurations are
possible for each frequency option. Many other RSCALE and VSCALE values
are also applicable. RSCALE is a programmable frequency divider which scales
the CLADI clock frequency before it is applied to the CLAD phase detector,
CPHASE. Similarly, VSCALE scales the CLAD internal feedback clock,
CLADV. These two clocks must have the same frequency at the phase detector’s
input for the CLAD loop to properly lock. The rule is
(CLADI Reference freq) ÷ (RSCALE factor) = (CLADV freq) ÷ (VSCALE factor).
Table 2-9. Common CLADI Reference Frequencies and CLAD Configuration Examples (1 of 2)
RSCALE
Phase
Compare
Frequency
(kHz)
VSCALE
CLADV
(kHz)
T1/E1
VSEL
XSEL
8
0
8
7
1024
X
0
X
16
0
16
6
1024
X
0
X
32
0
32
5
1024
X
0
X
64
0
64
4
1024
X
0
X
128
0
128
3
1024
X
0
X
256
0
256
2
1024
X
0
X
512
0
512
1
1024
X
0
X
1024
0
1024
0
1024
X
0
X
2048
0
2048
0
2048
X
1
X
7
16
7
2048
X
1
X
0
2048
0
2048
0
7
0
0
4096
0
4096
X
2
X
7
32
7
4096
X
2
X
1
2048
1
4096
0
7
1
0
8192
0
8192
X
3
X
7
64
7
8192
X
3
X
2
2048
2
8192
0
7
2
0
16384
0
16384
X
8
X
7
128
8
1024
X
0
X
0
16384
0
16384
0
7
3
1536
2
384
2
1536
X
6
X
1544
2
386
2
1544
X
5
X
2
386
2
1544
1
7
0
CLADI
Reference
(kHz)
4096
8192
16384
2-44
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.6 Clock Rate Adapter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 2-9. Common CLADI Reference Frequencies and CLAD Configuration Examples (2 of 2)
CLADI
Reference
(kHz)
3088
RSCALE
Phase
Compare
Frequency
(kHz)
VSCALE
CLADV
(kHz)
T1/E1
VSEL
XSEL
2
772
1
1544
X
5
X
2
772
1
1544
1
7
0
2
1544
0
1544
X
5
X
2
1544
0
1544
1
7
0
3
1544
0
1544
X
5
X
3
1544
0
1544
1
7
0
6176
12352
NOTE(S): X = Don’t care
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-45
2.0 Circuit Description
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.7 Transmit System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.7 Transmit System Bus
The Transmit System Bus (TSB) consists of a timebase, slip buffer, signaling
buffer, and transmit framer (Figure 2-23). It provides a high-speed serial interface
between the XMTR and system bus. The system bus is compatible with the Mitel
ST-Bus, the PEB Bus, and the AT&T CHI Bus. TSB directly interfaces to other
Conexant devices with no need for external circuitry.
Figure 2-23. TSB Interface Block Diagram
CLADO
Remote
Local
Channel Channel
Loopback Loopback
From CLADO Prior to
Output Buffer
CLADI
RSBCKI
I/O from Pins
TSBCKI
From
Transmitter
TSB
Timebase
TPHASE
TFSYNC
TMSYNC
TINDO
Transmit
Framer
TXDATA
TNRZ
TSLIP
Buffer
TPCMI
TSIG
Buffer
TSIGI
TSIG
Local
The TSB contains the following six pins: Transmit System Bus Clock
(TSBCKI), Transmit PCM Data (TPCMI), Transmit Signaling Data (TSIGI),
Transmit Frame Sync (TFSYNC), Transmit Multiframe Sync (TMSYNC), and
Transmit time slot Indicator (TINDO). See Figure 2-24 for the relationship
between these signals. These pins are further defined in Table 1-1, Hardware
Signal Definitions.
2-46
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.7 Transmit System Bus
Figure 2-24. Transmit System Bus Waveforms
TSBCKI
Frame 48 TS 31
Frame 1TS 0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
2
TSIGI
X
X
X
X
A
B
C
D
X
X
X
X
A
B
C
D
X
X
TPCMI
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
F
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
1
X
X
X
X
A
B
C
D
X
X
X
X
X
A
B
C
D
X
TPCMO
TINDO
E1
Frame 48 TS 24
T1
Frame 0 TS 1
TINDO
TSIGI
TFSYNC
TMSYNC
The TSB supports five system bus rates (MHz): 1.536, 1.544, 2.048, 4.096,
and 8.192. The T1 rate, with 24 time slots and without framing bits, is
1.536 MHz. The T1 rate with framing bits is 1.544 MHz. The E1 rate, with
32 time slots, is 2.048 MHz. The 4.096 MHz rate is twice the E1 rate, with
64 time slots. The 8.192 MHz rate is 4 times the E1 rate, with 128 time slots.
The 4.096 and 8.192 MHz bus modes contain multiple bus members (A, B, C,
and D), of which 1 bus member is selected by the SBI [3:0] bits in the System Bus
Interface Configuration register [SBI_CR; 0D0]. See Figures 2-25 and 2-25.
The system bus rate is independent of the line rate and must be selected using the
System Bus Interface Configuration register.
Figure 2-25. TSB 4.096 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving
TSBCKI
TPCMI
TS31A
TS31B
TS0A
TS0B
TSIGI
SIG31A
SIG31B
SIG0A
SIG0B
TFSYNC
NOTE(S): A and B time slot data comes from different Bt8370s. TSBCKI can be operated at 1 or 2 times the data rate.
Figure 2-26. TSB 8.192 MHz Bus Mode Time Slot Interleaving
TSBCKI
TPCMI
TS31A
TS31B
TS31C
TS31D
TS0A
TS0B
TS0C
TS0D
TSIGI
SIG31A
SIG31B
SIG31C
SIG31D
SIG0A
SIG0B
SIG0C
SIG0D
TFSYNC
NOTE(S): A, B, C, and D time slot data comes from different Bt8370s. TSBCKI can be operated at 1 or 2 times the data rate.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-47
2.0 Circuit Description
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.7 Transmit System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.7.1 Timebase
The TSB timebase synchronizes TPCMI, TFSYNC, TMSYNC, and TINDO with
the Transmit System Bus Clock (TSBCK). The TSBCK can be slaved to five
different clock sources: Transmit Clock Input (TCKI), Transmit System Bus
Clock Input (TSBCKI), Receive System Bus Clock Input (RSBCKI), Clock Rate
Adapter Input (CLADI), or Clock Rate Adapter Output (CLADO).
NOTE:
The CLADO signal is not available in the Bt8376 device.
The TSB clock selection is made through the Clock Input Mux register
[CMUX; addr 01A]. TCKI is automatically selected when the transmit slip buffer
is bypassed. The system bus clock can also be configured to run at twice the data
rate by setting the X2CLK bit in the System Bus Interface Configuration register
[SBI_CR; addr 0D0] when TSLIP is not in Bypass mode.
TFSYNC and TMSYNC can be individually configured as inputs or outputs
[PIO; addr 018]. TFSYNC and TMSYNC should be configured as inputs when
the TSB timebase is slaved to the system bus, when the transmit framer is
disabled [TABORT; addr 071], or when TSB carries embedded T1 framing.
TFSYNC and TMSYNC should be configured as outputs when the TSB timebase
is master of the system bus, or when the transmit framer is enabled. TFSYNC and
TMSYNC can also be configured as rising or falling edge outputs [TSB_CR; addr
0D4]. In addition to having TFSYNC and TMSYNC active on the frame
boundary, a programmable offset is available to select the time slot and bit offset
in the frame. See Transmit System Bus Sync time slot Offset [TSYNC_TS; addr
0D6] and Transmit System Bus Sync Bit Offset [TSYNC_BIT; addr 0D5].
2.7.2 Slip Buffer
The 64-byte Transmit PCM Slip Buffer [TSLIP; addr 140 to 17F] resynchronizes
the Transmit System Bus Clock (TSBCK) and data (TPCMI) to the Transmit
Clock (TXCLK) and data (TNRZ). TSLIP acts like an elastic store by clocking
PCM data in on TPCMI with TSBCK, and by clocking TNRZ data out with
TXCLK. TPCMI can be configured to sample on the rising or falling edge of
TSBCKI. See the Transmit System Bus Configuration register [TSB_CR; addr
0D4].
TSLIP has four modes of operation: Two-Frame Normal, 64-bit Elastic,
Two-Frame Short, and Bypass. TSLIP mode is set in the Transmit System Bus
Configuration register [TSB_CR; addr 0D4]. It is organized as a two-frame
buffer, with high-frame and low-frame buffers. This allows MPU access to frame
data, regardless of the TSLIP mode selected. Each byte offset into the frame
buffer is a different time slot: offset 0 in TSLIP is always time slot 0 (TS0),
offset 1 is always TS1, and so on. The slip buffer has processor read/write access.
2-48
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.7 Transmit System Bus
In Normal mode, the slip buffer total depth is two 193-bit frames (T1), or two
256-bit frames (E1). Data is written to the slip buffer using TSBCK and read from
the slip buffer using TXCLK. If there is a slight rate difference between the two
clocks, the slip buffer changes from its initial condition—approximately half
full—by either adding or removing frames. If TSBCK writes to the slip buffer
faster than TCKI reads the data, the buffer becomes full. When the slip buffer in
Normal mode is full, an entire frame of data is deleted. Conversely, if TXCLK is
reading the slip buffer at a faster rate than TSBCK is writing the data, the buffer
eventually empties. When the slip buffer in Normal mode is empty, an entire
frame of data is duplicated. When an entire frame is deleted or duplicated, it is
known as a Frame Slip (FSLIP). An FSLIP is always 1 full frame of data. The
FSLIP status is reported in the Slip Buffer Status register [SSTAT; addr 0D9].
In 64-bit Elastic mode, the slip buffer total depth is 64 bits, and the initial
throughput delay is 32 bits, or half of the total depth. Similar to Normal mode,
Elastic mode allows the system bus to operate at any of the programmable bus
rates, independent of the line rate. The advantage of this mode over the
Two-Frame mode is that throughput delay is reduced from 1 frame to an average
of 32 bits, and the transmit multiframe can retain its alignment with respect to the
transmit data. The disadvantage of this mode is handling the full and empty buffer
conditions. In 64-bit Elastic mode, an empty or full buffer condition causes an
Uncontrolled Slip (USLIP). Unlike an FSLIP, a USLIP is of unknown size,
ranging from 1 to 256 bits of data. The USLIP status is reported in SSTAT.
The Two-Frame Short mode combines the depth of the Normal mode with the
throughput delay of the Elastic mode. This mode begins in Elastic mode with a
32-bit initial throughput delay, and switches to Normal modes when the buffer is
empty or full; thereafter, the Two-Frame Short and Normal modes perform
identically. If the slip buffer is full (two frames) in the Two-Frame Short and
Normal modes, an FSLIP is reported; thereafter, the slip buffer performs exactly
like Normal mode.
In Bypass mode, data is clocked through TSLIP from the TSB to the XMTR
using TXCLK as selected by the TCKI input clock mux.
2.7.3 Signaling Buffer
The 32-byte Transmit Signaling Buffer [TSIG; addr 120–13F] stores a single
multiframe of signaling data input from the TSIGI pin and is updated as each time
slot is received in every TSB frame. Each byte offset into TSIG represents a
different time slot for signaling data: offset 0 stores TS0 signaling data, offset
1 stores TS1 signaling data, and so on. The signaling data is stored in the least
significant 4 bits of the signaling buffer. Similar to TSLIP, TSIG has read/write
processor access for accessing or overwriting signaling information. The signaling
buffer uses TFSYNC to identify the frame boundaries in the TSIGI data stream.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-49
2.0 Circuit Description
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.7 Transmit System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.7.4 Transmit Framing
The transmit data stream has two framing functions: offline framer and an online
framer. Figure 2-27 illustrates these functions. The offline framer recovers the
transmit frame alignment (TFSYNC). The online framer monitors the frame
alignment found by the offline framer and recovers multiframe alignment
(TMSYNC).
Transmit frame resynchronization is initiated by activating the Transmit Loss
of Frame (TLOF) status bit in Alarm 2 status [ALM2; addr 048] register by the
online framer. The TLOF criteria is set in the TLOFA, TLOFB, and TLOFC bits
of the Transmitter Configuration register [TCR1; addr 071]. The online framer
supports the following LOF criteria for T1: 2 frame bit errors out of 4; 2 out of 5;
or 2 out of 6. For E1, it supports 3 out of 3.
Figure 2-27. Transmit Framing and Timebase Alignment Options
TSLIP
Buffer
TPCMI
TNRZ
TPHASE
A
01
C
CAS MFAS
Online Online
Recenter
(TUSLIP)
Offline
Framer
TFSYNCI
Pass
MF
TMSYNCI
TSB
Offset
TFSYNCO
TMSYNCO
B
D
FSYNC FAS
FSYNC MSYNC
TSB Timebase
Pass
MF
CAS MSYNC
TX Timebase
A TSB Aligns to TPCMI (EMBED = 0)
C TX Aligns to TNRZ (EMBED = 1)
B TSB Aligns to TX (TSB_ALIGN = 1)
(EMBED = 1)
D TX Aligns to TSB (TX_ALIGN = 1)
NOTE(S):
1. EMBED located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0).
2. TSB_ALIGN and TX_ALIGN located in TSB_CR (addr 0D4).
3. EMBED = 0 is only applicable if TPCMI is operating at the line rate.
When TLOF is asserted, the offline framer searches the transmit data stream
for a new frame alignment, provided transmit framing is enabled [TABORT; addr
071]. If embedded framing is enabled [EMBED; addr 0D0], the offline framer
examines the TSLIP buffer output, TNRZ, for transmit frame alignment. If
embedded framing is disabled, the offline framer examines the slip buffer input
(TPCMI) for transmit frame alignment. This case (EMBED = 0) is only applicable
if TPCMI is configured to operate at the line rate: 2,048 kbps E1, or 1,544 kbps
T1. If transmit framing is disabled, the offline framer waits for a reframe command
[TFORCE; addr 071] before beginning frame alignment search.
2-50
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.7 Transmit System Bus
After the offline framer recovers frame alignment, the online framer monitors
TLOF and searches for multiframe alignment; the search uses the criteria defined
by the Transmit Frame mode [TFRAME; addr 070]. The online framer conducts a
multiframe alignment search each time the offline framer recovers transmit frame
alignment, as reported by high-to-low transition of transmit loss of frame status
[TLOF; addr 048]. After TLOF recovery, the online framer searches continuously
for multiframe alignment until the correct pattern sequence is located, or until
basic frame alignment is lost (TLOF goes active-high). After multiframe
alignment recovery, the online framer checks subsequent multiframes for errored
alignment patterns, but does not use those errors as part of the criteria for loss of
basic frame alignment.
NOTE:
The online framer's multiframe search status is not directly reported to the
processor, but instead is monitored by examination of transmit error status:
TMERR, TSERR, and TCERR [addr 00B]. If the system incorporates a
certain number of multiframe pattern errors (or a certain error ratio) into
the loss of transmit frame alignment criteria, the processor must count
multiframe pattern errors to determine when to force a transmit reframe
[TFORCE; addr 071].
The frame synchronization criteria used by the offline framer is set in the
TFRAME[3:0] of the Transmit Framer Configuration register [TCR0; addr 070].
(Tables 3-15 and 3-16 illustrate supported transmit framing formats. Also, see
Tables 3-17 and 3-18, Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment.)
The offline framer is shared between the RCVR and XMTR and can only
search in 1 direction at a time. Consequently, the host processor can manually
arbitrate between RCVR and XMTR reframe requests by manipulating the
ABORT and FORCE controls, or by allowing the framer to automatically
arbitrate LOF requests.
The offline framer waits until the current search is complete [FSTAT;
addr 017] before checking for pending LOF reframe requests. If both online
framers have pending reframe requests, the offline framer aligns to the opposite
direction of that most recently searched. For example, if TLOF is pending at the
conclusion of a receive search which timed out without finding alignment, the
offline framer switches to search in the transmit direction. The TLOF switchover
is prevented in the preceding example if the processor asserts TABORT to mask
the transmit reframe request. TABORT does not affect TLOF status reporting. For
applications that frame in only 1 direction, framing in the opposite direction must
be masked. If, at the conclusion of a receive search timeout, TLOF status is
asserted but masked by TABORT, the offline framer continues to search in the
receive direction.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-51
2.0 Circuit Description
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.7 Transmit System Bus
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
For applications that frame in both directions, the processor can manually
arbitrate among pending reframe requests by controlling the reframe precedence.
An example of manual control follows:
1
2
3
4
5
Initialize RABORT = 1 and TABORT = 1.
Enable RLOF and TLOF interrupts.
Read clear pending ISR interrupts.
Release RABORT = 0.
Call LOF Service Routine if either RLOF or TLOF interrupt;
{
(check current LOF status (ALMI, 2; addr 047, 048)
If RLOF recovered and TLOF lost
—Assert RABORT = 1
—Release TABORT = 0
If RLOF lost or TLOF recovered
—Assert TABORT = 1
—Release RABORT = 0
}
The status of the offline framer can be monitored using the Offline Framer
Status register [FSTAT; addr 017]. The register reports the following:
• whether the offline framer is looking at the receive or transmit data streams
(RX/TXN)
• whether the framer is actively searching for frame alignment (ACTIVE)
• whether the framer found multiple framing candidates (TIMEOUT)
• whether the framer found frame sync (FOUND)
• whether the framer found no frame alignment candidates (INVALID)
2.7.5 Embedded Framing
Embedded framing mode [EMBED; addr 0D0] instructs the transmit framer to
search TSLIP buffer output (TNRZ) for framing bits while in T1 mode, or for
MFAS and CAS in E1 mode. Embedded framing allows the transmit timebase to
align with the transmit framer multiframe alignment of the PCM signal
transported across the system bus.
The G.802 Embedded mode supports ITU-T Recommendation G.802, which
describes how 24 T1 time slots and framing bit (193 bits) are mapped to the 32 E1
time slots (256 bits): by leaving TS0 and TS16 unassigned, by storing the 24 T1
time slots in TS1 to TS15, and in TS17 to TS25, and by storing the frame bit in
Bit 1 of TS26 (see Figure 2-20).
2-52
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.8 Transmitter
The Digital Transmitter (XMTR) inserts T1/E1 overhead data and encodes single
rail NRZ data from the TSB into P and N rail NRZ data, suitable for transmission
by the TLIU.
The XMTR, illustrated in Figure 2-28, consists of the following elements: two
Transmit Data Links, Test Pattern Generator, In-Band Loopback Code Generator,
Overhead Pattern Generator, Alarm Generator, Zero Code Suppression (ZCS)
Encoder, External Transmit Data Link, CRC Generation, Framing Pattern
Insertion, and Far End Block Error Generator.
Figure 2-28. XMTR Diagram
TPOSI
TNEGI
TNRZO
MSYNCO
ZCS
Encoder
N8370DSE
Conexant
Transmitter
Timebase
To TSBI
TNRZ
TDLI
TDLCKO
TPOS
TNEG
TCLK
TPDV Enforcer
Alarm/Error Insert
PRBS/Inband LB
Sa-Byte/BOP
Data Link 1 Buffer
Data Link 2 Buffer
External DL3
T1/E1 Frame Insert
Line
Framer
Loopback Loopback
2-53
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.8.1 External Transmit Data Link
The External Data Link (DL3) allows the system to supply externally any bits in
any time slot of all frames, odd frames, or even frames, including T1 framing bits.
Pin access to the DL3 transmitter is provided through TDLCKO and TDLI, which
serve as the TDL3 clock output (TDLCKO) and data input (TDLI). The mode of
the pins is selected using TDL_IO bit in the Programmable Input/Output register
[PIO; addr 018].
Control of DL3 format is provided in two registers: External Data Link Time
Slot [DL3_TS; addr 015] and External Data Link Bit [DL3_BIT; addr 016].
Transmit DL3 is set up by selecting the bit(s) [DL3_BIT], and time slot [TS[4:0];
addr 015] to be overwritten, and then enabling the data link [DL3EN; addr 015].
Enabling the data link starts TDLCKO for gating the NRZ data provided on
TDLI. See Figure 2-29.
Figure 2-29. Transmit External Data Link Waveforms
TDLCKO
TS8
TS9
1
TDLI
2
TS10
7
8
NOTE(S): This example shows bits 1, 2, 7, and 8 of TS9 selected. Any combination of time slot bits can be selected.
2.8.2 Transmit Data Links
The XMTR contains two independent data link controllers (DL1, DL2):
a Performance Report Message (PRM) generator and a Bit-Oriented Protocol
(BOP) transceiver. DL1 and DL2 can be programmed to send and receive HDLC
formatted messages in the Message Oriented Protocol (MOP) mode, or
unformatted serial data can be sent and received in any combination of bits within
a selected time slot or F-bit channel. The PRM message generator can
automatically send 1-second performance reports. The BOP transceiver can
preemptively transmit BOP messages, such as ESF Yellow Alarm.
2.8.2.1 Data Link
Controllers
2-54
The Bt8370 and Bt8375 provide two internal data link controllers, and the Bt8376
provides a single controller. DL1 and DL2 control the serial data channels, which
operate in multiples of 4 kbps to the maximum 64 kbps time slot rate. This is done
by selecting a combination of bits from either odd, even, or all frames. Both data
link controllers support ESF Facilities Data Link (FDL), SLC-96 data link,
Sa data link, Common Channel Signaling (CCS), Signaling System #7 (SS7);
ISDN LAPD channels; Digital Multiplexed Interface (DMI) signaling in TS24;
and the latest ETSI V.51 and V.52 signaling channels. DL1 and DL2 each contain
a 64-byte transmit buffer which function either as programmable length circular
buffers in transparent (unformatted) mode, or as full-length data FIFOs in
formatted (HDLC) mode.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
DL1 and DL2 are configured identically, except for their offset in the register
map. The DL1 address range is 0A4 to 0AE, and the DL2 address range is 0AF to
0B9. From this point on, the DL1 is used to describe the operation of both data
link controllers. Transmit Data Link 1 (TDL1) can be viewed as having a higher
priority than Transmit Data Link 2 (TDL2) because TDL1 overwrites the primary
rate channel after TDL2. Thus, any data that TDL2 writes to the primary rate
channel can be overwritten by TDL1, if TDL1 is configured to transmit in the
same time slot as TDL2.
The TDL1 is enabled using the DL1 Control register [DL1_CTL; addr 0A6].
TDL1 does not overwrite time slot data until it is enabled. DL1_CTL also
controls the data format and the circular buffer/FIFO mode.
The following data formats [DL1[1,0]; addr 0A6] are supported on the data
link: Frame Check Sequence (FCS), non-FCS, Pack8, or Pack6. FCS and
non-FCS are HDLC-formatted messages. Pack8 and Pack6 are unformatted
messages with 8 bits per FIFO access, and 6 bits per FIFO access, respectively.
The Circular Buffer/FIFO control bit [TDL1_RPT; addr 0A6] allows the FIFO
to act as a circular buffer; in this mode, a message can be transmitted repeatedly.
This feature is available only for unformatted transmit data link applications. The
processor can repeatedly send fixed patterns on the selected channel by writing a
1- to 64- byte message into the circular buffer. The programmed message length
repeats until the processor writes a new message. The first byte of each
unformatted message is output automatically, aligned to the first frame of the 12-,
24-, or 16-frame transmit multiframe (SF/ESF/MFAS). This allows the processor
to source overhead or data elements aligned to the TX timebase.
NOTE:
Each unformatted message written is output-aligned only after the
preceding message completes transmission. Therefore, data continuity is
retained during the linkage of consecutive messages, provided that the
contents of each message consists of a multiple of the multiframe length.
Time slot and bit selection is done through the DL1 Time Slot Enable
[DL1_TS; addr 0A4] and DL1 Bit Enable [DL1_BIT; addr 0A5] registers.
DL1_TS selects which frames and which time slot are overwritten. The frame
select allows TDL1 to overwrite the time slot in all frames, odd frames, even
frames. The time slot word enable is a value between 0 and 31 that selects which
time slot is filled with data from the transmit data link buffer. DL1_BIT selects
which bits are overwritten in the time slot selected. Table 2-10 lists commonly
used data link settings.
Table 2-10. Commonly Used Data Link Settings
Data Link
Frame
Time Slot
Time Slot
Bits
Mode
ESF FDL
Odd
0 (F-bits)
Don’t Care
FCS
T1DM R Bit
All
24
00000010
FCS
SLC-96
Even
0 (F-bits)
Don’t Care
Pack6
ISDN LAPD
All
N
11111111
FCS
CEPT Sa4
Odd
1
00001000
FCS
NOTE(S): N represents any T1/E1 time slot.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-55
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The Transmit Data Link FIFO #1 [TDL1; addr 0AD] is 64 bytes, and very
versatile. It can be used as a single-byte transmit buffer or in any number of bytes,
up to a maximum of 64. As a single-byte FIFO, the Transmit FIFO Empty Status
(TMPTY1) in TDL #1 Status [TDL1_STAT; addr 0AE] and Transmit FIFO
Empty Interrupt (TEMPTY) in Data Link 1 Interrupt Status (ISR2; addr 009] can
be used for byte-by-byte transmissions.
Using the Transmit Data FIFO, an entire block of data can be transmitted with
very little microprocessor-interrupt overhead. Block transfers to the FIFO can be
controlled by the Near Empty Threshold in the FIFO Empty Control register
[TDL1_FEC; addr 0AB]. The Near Empty Threshold is a user-programmable
value between 0 and 63 that represents the minimum number of bytes that can
remain in the transmit FIFO before near empty is declared. Once the threshold is
set, the Near Empty Status (TNEAR1) in TDL #1 Status [TDL1_STAT;
addr 0AE] is asserted whenever the Near Empty Threshold is reached. An
interrupt, TNEAR in the Data Link 1 Interrupt Status register [ISR2; addr 009], is
also available to mark this event.
Once an entire message is written into the transmit FIFO or circular buffer, the
processor must indicate the end of message by writing any value to the TDL #1
End of Message (EOM) Control [TDL1_EOM; addr 0AC]. In FCS mode, the
EOM indicates that the FCS is to be calculated and transmitted following the last
byte in the FIFO; in the Circular Buffer mode, the EOM indicates the end of the
transmit circular buffer.
2-56
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The Transmit Data Link Controller can be programmed according to the CPU
bandwidth of your system. For systems with 1 CPU dedicated to 1 Bt8370, the
data link status can be polled, and the 64-byte transmit FIFO can be used like a
single byte transmit buffer. For systems where a single CPU controls multiple
Bt8370s, the data link can be interrupt-driven and the entire 64-byte transmit
FIFO can be used to store entire messages. See Figures 2-30 and 2-31 for a
high-level description of polling and interrupt-driven Transmit Data Link
Controller software.
Figure 2-30. Polled Transmit Data Link Processing
Message
Transmit Message
Write Block/Byte to FIFO
If
End of
Message
0x00
Block 1
0x20
Block 2
0x40
Block 3
Yes
No
Wait N Milliseconds
Read FIFO Status
No
Write End of Message Register
Return
If
FIFO Empty
or Near
Empty
Yes
NOTE(S): Selected N based on the data rate of link.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-57
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-31. Interrupt Driven Transmit Data Link Processing
Main Line Code
Message
Transmit Message
0x00
Block 1
0x20
Block 2
0x40
Block 3
0x60
Block 4
Write Block/Byte to FIFO
Return
Interrupt Service Routine
Interrupt Occurred
Read Interrupt Status
If
Transmit Data
Link Near Empty
Interrupt
No
Yes
Write Block/Byte to FIFO
If
End of
Message
Process Other Interrupt
Return
No
Yes
Write End of Message Register
Return
Return
Bt8370/8375/8376 uses a hierarchical interrupt structure, with 1 top-level
Interrupt Request register [IRR; addr 003] directing software to the lower levels.
Of all the interrupt sources, the 2 most significant bandwidth requirements are
signaling and data link interrupts. Each data link controller has a top-level
interrupt status register that reports data link operations (see Data Link 1 and 2
Interrupt Status registers [ISR2; addr 009, and ISR1; 00A]). The processor uses a
2-step interrupt scheme for the data link: it reads the Interrupt Request register,
then uses that register value to read the corresponding Data Link Interrupt Status
register.
2-58
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.8.2.2 PRM Generator
Performance Report Messages (PRMs) are HDLC messages containing path
identification and performance monitoring information. If automatic performance
report insertion is selected [AUTO_PRM; addr 0AA], a performance report is
generated each second and begins transmitting coincident with the 1-second timer
interrupt [ONESEC; addr 005]. The PRM is sent immediately if the processor
sets the SEND_PRM bit in the Performance Report Message register [PRM; addr
0AA]. All performance monitoring fields of the message are automatically filled
in when a PRM is generated. The remaining PRM bit fields are
application-specific and can be configured using the Performance Report
Message register.
For systems with a single processor and multiple Bt8370s, the automatic PRM
generation can off-load a significant portion of CPU bandwidth.
TBOP Transmitter
The Transmit Bit-Oriented Protocol (TBOP) transmitter sends BOP messages,
including ESF Yellow Alarm, which consists of repeated 16-bit patterns with an
embedded 6-bit codeword. The TBOP is configured to operate over the same
channel selected by Data Link #1 [DL1_TS; addr 0A4]. The TBOP must be
configured to operate over the FDL channel. This is required for TBOP to convey
Priority, Command, and Response codeword messages according to ANSI T1.403,
Section 9.4.1. The precedence of transmitted BOP messages with respect to
current DL1 transmit activity is configurable using the Transmit BOP mode bits
[TBOP_MODE[1,0]; addr 0A0]. BOP messages can also be transmitted during
E1 mode, although the 16-bit codeword pattern has not currently been adopted as
an E1 standard. The length of the BOP message [TBOP_LEN[1,0]; addr 0A0]
can be set to a single pattern, 10 patterns, 25 patterns, or continuous.
0xxxxxx0 11111111 (transmitted right to left)
[543210] TBOP = 6-bit codeword
BOP codewords are transmitted by writing to the Transmit BOP Codeword
[TBOP; addr 0A1]. The real-time status of the codeword transmission can be
monitored using TBOP_ACTIVE in the BOP Status register [BOP_STAT; addr
0A3]. A begin BOP transmit interrupt is available in Data Link 1 Interrupt Status
[ISR2; addr 009].
2.8.3 Sa-Byte Overwrite Buffer
Five transmit Sa-Byte buffers [TSA4 to TSA8; addr 07B to 07F] are available;
they insert Sa-bits into the odd frames of TS0. The entire group of 40 bits is
sampled every 16 frames, coincident with the Transmit Multiframe bit interrupt
boundary [TMF; addr 008]. Bit 0 from each TSA register is then inserted during
frame 1, bit 1 is inserted during frame 3, bit 2 is inserted during frame 5, and so
on, which gives the processor a maximum of 2 ms after TMF interrupt to write
new Sa-Byte buffer values. Transmit Sa-bits maintain a fixed relationship to the
transmit CRC multiframe. Each of the 5 Sa-Byte transmit buffers can be
individually enabled using the Manual Sa-Byte Transmit Enable in the Transmit
Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration register [TMAN; addr 074].
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-59
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.8.4 Overhead Pattern Generator
The transmit overhead generation circuitry provides the ability to insert all of the
overhead associated with the Primary Rate Channel. The following types of
overhead pattern generation are supported: Framing patterns, Alarm patterns,
Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), and Far-End Block Error (FEBE).
2.8.4.1 Framing Pattern
Generation
The framing pattern generation circuitry inserts the following patterns into the
data stream: the 2-bit terminal framing (Ft) pattern, the 6-bit signaling frame (Fs)
pattern, the 6-bit FPS pattern, the 8-bit FAS/NFAS pattern, and the 6-bit MFAS
pattern.
The Ft pattern in SF, SLC-96, and T1DM is inserted into the transmit data
stream by enabling the INS_FBIT in the Transmit Frame Format register [TFRM;
addr 072]. The Fs pattern in SF is inserted by enabling the INS_MF bit. The FPS
pattern in ESF and the FAS/NFAS pattern in E1 mode are inserted by enabling the
INS_FBIT bit. The MFAS pattern is inserted by enabling the INS_MF bit.
2.8.4.2 Alarm Generator
The Transmit Alarm Generation circuitry generates Alarm Indication Signal
(AIS) and Remote Alarm Indication (RAI/Yellow Alarm).
AIS is defined as an unframed all-1s pattern and is normally transmitted when the
data source is lost. AIS transmission can be enabled as follows:
• Manually
• Automatically upon detection of transmit loss of clock
• Automatically upon loss of received signal or loss of receive clock
Typical applications require transmission of AIS toward the line when DTE
transmit data or clock is not present. In most applications, DTE data and clock are
isolated from the transmitter, requiring manual AIS transmission under software
control. Manual insertion of AIS is controlled by the TAIS bit in the Transmit
Alarm Signal Configuration register [TALM; addr 075]. Setting this bit
overwrites the currently transmitted data with the AIS pattern. If AISCLK
[TLIU_CR; addr 068] is also set, AIS is transmitted using AIS Clock Input
(ACKI); otherwise it uses the clock present at TCKI MUX output [CMUX; addr
01A].
Automatic transmission of AIS can be controlled by detection of transmit loss
of clock [TLOC; addr 048]. This mode is enabled by setting AISCLK and
providing an alternate transmit line rate clock on the ACKI clock input pin.
By setting AUTO_AIS in the TALM register, automatic transmission of AIS
can also be controlled by detection of Receiver Loss of Signal [RLOS; addr 047]
or Receiver Loss of Clock [RLOC; addr 047], depending on whether an analog or
digital line interface option [RDIGI; addr 020] is used. This mode is typically
used to transmit AIS (keep-alive) during line loopback if the received signal is
lost. Setting AUTO_AIS simultaneously with setting LLOOP [LOOP; addr 014]
enables this operation.
AIS Generation
2-60
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Yellow Alarm Generation
Yellow Alarm, also referred to as RAI (Remote Alarm Indication), is a bit pattern
inserted into the transmit stream to alert far-end equipment that the local receiver
cannot recover data. Yellow Alarm/RAI is typically transmitted during Receive
Loss of Frame and is defined differently depending upon the transmit frame
format configured [TFRAME; addr 070]. Table 2-11 describes the Yellow
Alarm/RAI action taken for each frame format.
Table 2-11. Yellow Alarm Generation
Frame Format
Yellow Alarm Location
Mode
SF
Bit 2 of every time slot set to 0
YB2
ESF(1)
Bit 2 of every time slot set to 0
YB2
SLC-96
Bit 2 of every time slot set to 0
BY2
SF/JYEL
F-bit 12 of every superframe set to 1
YJ
T1DM
Y bit of the sync byte set to 0
Y24
E1
A bit of TS0 set to 1
Y0
NOTE(S):
(1)
Yellow Alarm/RAI for T1-ESF framing is defined as a BOP priority
codeword in the FDL channel. This is called T1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm
in 8370. T1-ESF Multiframe Yellow Alarm/RAI(YF) is not transmitted
using the procedure described below. Instead, T1- ESF Multiframe Yellow
Alarm/RAI(YF) is generated by configuring DL1 to continuously transmit
an all 0s BOP priority codeword. Refer to the Transmit Data Links section
under TBOP Transmitter.
Transmission of Yellow Alarm(YB2) is controlled by the register bits listed in
Table 2-12:
Table 2-12. Yellow Alarm Register Bits
Bit Name
Register
INS_YEL
[TFRM; addr 072]
TYEL
[TALM; addr 075]
AUTO_YEL
[TALM; addr 075]
RLOF
[ALM1; addr 047]
RLOF_INTEG
[RALM; addr 045]
The insertion of Yellow Alarm(YB2) into the transmit stream is controlled by
INS_YEL. Yellow Alarm(YB2) is inserted only when INS_YEL is set.
Otherwise, these bit positions are supplied by data from TPCMI. Yellow
Alarm(YB2) generation can be done manually or automatically.
Manual generation of Yellow Alarm(YB2) is controlled by TYEL. Setting this
bit immediately and unconditionally overwrites the Yellow Alarm signal bit(s) in
the transmitted data stream with the appropriate pattern.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-61
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Automatic generation of Yellow Alarm(YB2) is controlled by AUTO_YEL,
RLOF, and RLOF_INTEG. If AUTO_YEL is set, Yellow Alarm is generated
during a Receive Loss of Frame alignment (RLOF = 1). Optionally, RLOF
integration can be enabled by setting RLOF_INTEG. In this case, both RLOF
indication and Yellow Alarm/RAI generation are delayed for approximately 2.5
seconds if a continuous out of frame condition exists. Yellow Alarm/RAI
generation continues for at least 1 second after RLOF clears. Refer to Table 2-13.
Table 2-13. Multiframe Yellow Alarm Generation
Line Rate
Multiframe Yellow Alarm Action
Mode
T1
Facilitates Yellow Alarm Action (requires
programming TDL1)
YF
E1
Set Y bit TS16 in frame 0 to 1
Y16
In T1 ESF framing mode, Multiframe Yellow Alarm or RAI is transmitted
using BOP Codeword Transmitter [TBOP; addr 0A1] and does not depend on
INS_MYEL. Transmitting Yellow Alarm/RAI toward the line can be done upon
receiving Receive Loss of Frame. T1 multiframe Yellow Alarm must be generated
by configuring TDL1 to transmit an all-0s BOP codeword. Optionally, RLOF
integration can be enabled by setting RLOF_INTEG. In this case, both RLOF
indication and Yellow Alarm/RAI generation are delayed for approximately
2.5 seconds if a continuous out of frame condition exists. Yellow Alarm/RAI
generation continues for at least 1 second after RLOF clears. RLOF_INTEG does
not meet the requirements of TR62411. To meet the requirements of TR62411,
“Conditions Causing the Initiation of Carrier Failure Alarms,” the Receive Loss
of Frame condition reported by FRED (addr 049) must be integrated before
initiating Yellow Alarm Transmission. This can be accomplished in software by
integrating FRED during an RLOF Interrupt (ISR7; addr 004), with
RLOF_INTEG bit cleared.
In E1 CAS framing modes, Multiframe Yellow Alarm is inserted into the
transmit stream to alert far-end equipment that local received multiframe
alignment is not recovered. E1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm is transmitted by setting
the Y bit in time slot 16, frame 0.
Transmission of Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by the register bits
listed in Table 2-14:
Table 2-14. Multiframe Yellow Alarm Register Bits
Bit Name
2-62
Register
INS_MYEL
[TFRM; addr 072]
TMYEL
[TALM; addr 075]
AUTO_MYEL
[TALM; addr 075]
SRED
[ALM3; addr 049]
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The insertion of E1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by INS_MYEL.
E1 Multiframe Yellow Alarm is inserted only when INS_MYEL is set.
Multiframe Yellow Alarm generation can be initiated manually or automatically.
Manual insertion of Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by TMYEL.
Setting this bit unconditionally overwrites the Multiframe Yellow Alarm signal
bit in the transmitted data stream.
Automatic insertion of Multiframe Yellow Alarm is controlled by
AUTO_MYEL in the TALM register. When set, the AUTO_MYEL mode sends a
yellow alarm for the duration of a Receive Loss of CAS Multiframe Alignment
[SRED; addr 049].
2.8.4.3 CRC Generation
The CRC generation circuitry computes the value of the CRC-6 code in T1 mode
or the CRC-4 code in E1 mode. Once computed, it is inserted into the appropriate
position of the transmitted data stream. CRC overwrite is enabled by the
INS_CRC bit in Transmit Frame Format [TFRM; addr 072].
If the transmit frame format is configured as ESF, and the INS_CRC bit is
active, the 2 kbps CRC sequence is inserted. (The position of the CRC-6 bits is
shown in Table A-4, Extended Superframe Format).
If the transmit frame format is configured as E1 and the INS_CRC bit is
active, the 4 kbps CRC sequence is inserted. (The position of the CRC-4 bits is
shown in Table A-6, ITU–T CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations.)
2.8.4.4 Far-End Block
Error Generation
The Far-End Block Error (FEBE) generation circuitry inserts FEBE bits
automatically or manually. Automatic FEBE generation is enabled by the INS_FE
bit in TFRM. If the transmit frame format is configured as E1 and the INS_FE bit
is active, a FEBE is generated in response to an incoming CRC-4 error by setting
an E-bit of TS0 to 0. (Refer to Table A-7, IRSM CEPT Frame Format Time Slot
0-Bit Allocations for the location of the E-bits within the E1 frame.)
Manual FEBE generation is enabled by the TFEBE bit of the Transmit Manual
Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration register [TMAN; addr 074]. If the transmit frame
format is configured as E1 and the TFEBE bit is active, the FEBE bits are
supplied by the processor in FEBE_I and FEBE_II bits [addr 074].
2.8.5 Test Pattern Generator
The transmit test pattern generation circuitry overwrites the transmit data with
various test patterns and permits logical and frame-bit error insertion. This feature
is particularly useful for system diagnostics, production testing, and test
equipment applications. The test pattern can be a framed or unframed PRBS
pattern. The PRBS patterns available include 2E11-1, 2E15-1, 2E20-1, and
2E23-1. Each pattern can optionally include Zero Code Suppression (ZCS). Error
insertion includes LCV, BPV, Ft, CRC4, CRC6, COFA, PRBS, Fs, MFAS, and
CAS.
The Transmit Test Pattern Configuration register [TPATT; addr 076] controls
the test pattern insertion circuit. TPATT controls the PRBS pattern (TPATT[1:0])
bits), ZCS setting (ZLIMIT bit), T1/E1 framing (FRAMED bit), and Starting and
Stopping transmission (TPSTART bit).
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-63
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Patterns are generated in accordance with ITU–T O.150 (10/92), O.151
(10/92), and O.152 (10/92). Enabling ZLIMIT modifies the inserted pattern by
limiting the number of consecutive 0s. For the 2E11-1 or 2E15-1 PRBS patterns,
8 or more 0s does not occur with ZLIMIT enabled. For the 2E20-1 or 2E23-1
PRBS patterns, 15 or more 0s will not occur with ZLIMIT enabled.
NOTE:
The QRSS pattern is a 2E20-1 PRBS with ZLIMIT enabled. This function
is performed according to ANSI T1.403 and ITU–T O.151 (10/92).
Frame bit positions can be preserved in the output pattern by enabling
FRAMED. In T1 mode, this prevents the test pattern from overwriting the frame
bit which occurs every 193 bits. In E1 mode with FRAMED enabled, the test
pattern does not overwrite time slot 0 data (FAS and NFAS words) and time slot
16 (CAS signalling word) if CAS framing is also selected. CAS framing is
selected by setting TFRAME[3] to 1 in the Transmit Configuration register
[TCR0; addr 070]. The test pattern is stopped during these bit periods according
to ITU-T O.151, (10/92). If FRAMED is disabled, the test pattern is transmitted in
all time slots.
2.8.6 Transmit Error Insertion
The Transmit Error Insert register [TERROR; addr 073] controls error insertion
during pattern generation. Writing 1 to a TERROR bit injects a single occurrence
of the respective error on TPOSO/TNEGO and XTIP/XRING outputs. Writing a
0 has no effect. Multiple transmit errors can be generated simultaneously.
Periodic or random bit error rates can also be emulated by software control of the
error control bit.
NOTE:
Injected errors affect the data sent during a Framer or Analog Loopback
[FLOOP or ALOOP; addr 014].
Line Code Violations (LCV) are inserted via the TVERR bit of the TERROR
register. In T1 mode, if TVERR is set, a BPV is inserted between two consecutive
ones. TVERR is latched until the BPV is inserted into the transmit data stream,
and then it is cleared. In E1 mode with HDB3 selected, two consecutive BPVs of
the same polarity are inserted. This is registered as a single LCV for the receiving
E1 equipment.
Ft, FPS, and FAS bit errors are inserted using the TFERR bit in the TERROR
register. TFERR commands a logical inversion of the next frame bit transmitted.
CRC4 (E1) and CRC6 (T1) bit errors are inserted using the TCERR bit in the
TERROR register. TCERR commands a logical inversion of the next CRC bit
transmitted.
Change of Frame Alignments (COFA) are controlled by the TCOFA and
BSLIP bits in the TERROR register. TCOFA commands a 1-bit shift in the
location of the transmit frame alignment by deleting (or inserting) a 1-bit position
from the transmit frame. During E1 modes, BSLIP determines which direction
the bit slip occurs. In T1 modes, only 1-bit deletion is provided. Note that TCOFA
alters extraction rate of data from transmit slip buffer; thus, repeated TCOFAs
eventually cause a controlled frame slip where 1 frame of data is repeated
(T1/BSLIP = 0), or where 1 frame of data is deleted (BSLIP = 1).
PRBS test pattern errors are inserted by TBERR in the TERROR register.
TBERR commands a single PRBS error by logically inverting the next PRBS
generator output bit.
2-64
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Fs and MFAS errors are controlled by the TMERR bit in the TERROR
register. TMERR commands a single Fs bit error in T1, or MFAS bit error in E1
by logically inverting the next multiframe bit transmitted.
CAS Multiframe (MAS) errors are controlled by the TSERR bit in the
TERROR register. TSERR commands a single MAS pattern error by logically
inverting the first MAS bit transmitted.
2.8.7 In-Band Loopback Code Generator
The in-band loopback code generator circuitry overwrites the transmit data with
in-band codes of configurable value and length. These codes are sequences with
periods of 1 to 7 bits and may, in some applications, overwrite the framing bit.
The Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration register [TLB; addr 077]
controls the functions required for this operation.
A loopback code is generated in the transmit data stream by writing the
loopback code to the Transmit Inband Loopback Code Pattern register [LBP; addr
078], and then by setting the Start Inband Loopback (LBSTART) and Loopback
Length (LB_LEN) bits in the Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration
register [TLB; addr 077]. The TLB register optionally allows the loopback code
to overwrite framing bits using the UNFRAMED bit. The LB_LEN provides
loopback code pattern lengths of 4 to 7 bits. Patterns of 2 or 3 bits can be achieved
by repeating the pattern in 4- or 6-bit modes, respectively. Framed or unframed all
1s or all 0s can also be achieved by setting the pattern to all 0s or all 1s. The
in-band loopback code generator is applicable only to T1 mode.
2.8.8 ZCS Encoder
The ZCS encoder encodes the single rail clock and data (unipolar) into dual rail
data (bipolar). The Transmit Zero Code Suppression Bits (TZCS[1,0]) in the
Transmitter Configuration register [TCR1; addr 071] selects ZCS and Pulse
Density Violation (PDV) enforcement options for XTIP/XRING and
TPOSO/TNEGO output pins. TZCS supports the following: Alternate Mark
Inversion (AMI), High Density Bipolar of order 3 (HDB3), Bipolar with 8 Zero
Suppression (B8ZS), Pulse Density Violation (PDV), Unassigned Mux Code
(UMC), and Bipolar with 7 Zero Suppression (B7ZS).
NOTE:
ZCS encoding, which alters data content, is performed prior to the CRC
calculation so the outgoing CRC will always be correct.
The AMI line code requires at least 12.5% average 1s density and no more
than 15 consecutive 0s. A 1 is encoded as either a positive or negative pulse; a 0 is
the absence of a pulse. Two consecutive pulses of the same polarity are referred to
as a Bipolar Violation (BPV).
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-65
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The HDB3 line code replaces 4 consecutive 0s by 000V or B00V code, where
B is an AMI pulse and V is a bipolar violation (see Figure 2-32). ZCS encoder
selects the code that forces the BPV output polarity opposite to the prior BPV.
Figure 2-32. Zero Code Substitution Formats
Zero Code Substitution Formats
Octet
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
AMI
BPV
BPV
B8ZS
BPV
BPV
HDB3
B7ZS
UMC
The B8ZS line code replaces strings of 8 consecutive 0s or no pulses with the
B8ZS octet 000VB0VB, where B represents a normal bipolar pulse and V
represents a BPV. A BPV that is not part of B8ZS octet is a BPV error.
B7ZS replaces Bit 7 of all assigned time slots with a 1 if the contents are all 0.
B7ZS encoding is enabled on a per-channel basis in the Transmit Per-Channel
Control register [TPC0 to TPC31; addr 100 to 11F].
PDV enforcer overwrites transmit 0s that would otherwise cause output data
to fail to meet the minimum required pulse density, per ANSI T1.403 sliding
window.
NOTE:
2-66
The enforcer never overwrites a framing bit and is not applicable during
E1 mode.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.8 Transmitter
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
UMC forces DS0 channels containing eight 0s to be replaced with the
10011000 code, per Bellcore TA-TSY-000278.
NOTE:
RCVR's ZCS decoder cannot recover original data content from a UMC or
B7ZS encoded signal, or from a PDV-enforced one.
The TPOSO/TNEGO output pins provide access to the P and N rail unipolar
data before it is sent to the TLIU. The output on TPOSO/TNEGO can be changed
from dual rail unipolar to NRZ unipolar data (TNRZO) and to multiframe sync
clock (MSYNCO), using the Transmit NRZ Data (TNRZ) bit in TCR1[addr 071].
The TNRZ setting does not affect the XTIP/XRING output.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-67
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
The Transmit Line Interface Unit (TLIU), illustrated in Figure 2-33, converts P
and N rail NRZ data to AMI pulses. The P and N rail NRZ data is generated by
the XMTR, converted to AMI bipolar pulses by the TLIU, and output on the
transmit tip and ring pins, XTIP and XRING. The TLIU has a configurable line
rate, pulse shape, Line Build Out (LBO), external termination resistor, and
transformer turns ratio.
The TLIU consists of a control circuit, a pulse template ROM, a set of LBO
filters, a Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC), and a line driver.
Figure 2-33. TLIU Diagram
Analog Loopback
From JAT
To JAT
TCKO
8x
TPLL
XTIP
DRV
XRING
DAC
LBO
Filters
Pulse
Shape
AIS
Gen
TPOS
TNEG
XOE
NOTE(S): LBO filter block is not present in short haul devices: Bt8375 and Bt8376.
2-68
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The TLIU can be used independently of the XMTR by applying P and N rail
NRZ data to the TPOSI and TNEGI pins. Figure 2-34 shows the relationship
between the P and N rail NRZ data, the transmit clock input, and XTIP/XRING.
The transmit clock input can be supplied on the Transmit Clock Input pin (TCKI)
or can be slaved to other clocks in the system using the Clock Input Mux register
[CMUX; addr 01A]. This figure also shows the XTIP/XRING outputs being
three-stated using the XOE pin.
Figure 2-34. TLIU Waveform
LCV
TPOSI
1
3
4
5
7
2
TNEGI
8
6
TCKI
Throughput
Delay
XTIP, XRING
1
3
7
5
4
6
2
8
LCV
XOE
NOTE(S): Transmit jitter attenuation bypassed.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-69
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.9.1 Pulse Shape
Normalized and isolated AMI output pulses fit the T1/E1 pulse templates in
Figures 2-35 and 2-37 when measured in accordance with the test circuits in
Figures 2-36 and 2-38. Table 2-15 through Table 2-22 list the pulse template
corner points. An isolated pulse is defined as a 1 followed by seven 0s for T1, and
a 1 followed by three 0s for E1. The pulse templates shown in Figures 2-35 and
2-37 come from ANSI T1.403-1995, ITU-T G.703, and ANSI T1.102-1993.
Figure 2-35. Standard DS1 Pulse Template
1.5
T1.403-1989
T1.403-1995
T1.102-1987
T1.102-1987
CCITT
G.703
CCITT G.703
Normalized Amplitude
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
Time in Unit Intervals
1
1.5
Figure 2-36. T1 Pulse Template Test Circuit
XTIP
Cable Length
0 To 655 Ft.
19/22/24/26 AWG
Bt8370
RLoad
XRING
VOUT
NOTE(S): RLoad = 100 Ω ± 5%.
2-70
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-37. Standard E1 (G.703) Pulse Template
1.5
Normalized Amplitude
1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
Time in Unit Intervals
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Figure 2-38. E1 (G.703) Pulse Template Test Circuit
XTIP
Bt8370
RLoad
XRING
VOUT
NOTE(S):
1. For RLoad = 75 Ω (nominal) Vout (peak) = 2.37 V (nominal)
2. For RLoad = 120 Ω (nominal) Vout (peak) = 3.00 V (nominal)
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-71
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 2-15. ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve
Time (ns)
–400
–253
–175
–175
–75
0
175
228
602
700
Time (UI)
–0.62
–0.39
–0.27
–0.27
–0.12
0
0.27
0.35
0.93
1.08
Normalized
Amplitude
0.05
0.05
0.80
1.15
1.15
1.05
1.05
–0.07
0.05
0.05
Table 2-16. ANSI T1.102, 1993–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve
Time (ns)
–400
–150
–150
–100
0
100
150
150
300
427
602
700
Time (UI)
–0.62
–0.23
–0.23
–0.15
0
0.15
0.23
0.23
0.46
0.66
0.93
1.08
Normalized
Amplitude
–0.05
–0.05
0.50
0.95
0.95
0.90
0.50
–0.45
–0.45
–0.20
–0.05
–0.05
Table 2-17. ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve
Time (ns)
–400
–253
–175
–175
–75
0
175
228
500
700
Time (UI)
–0.62
–0.39
–0.27
–0.27
–0.12
0
0.27
0.35
0.77
1.08
Normalized
Amplitude
0.05
0.05
0.80
1.20
1.20
1.05
1.05
–0.05
0.05
0.05
Table 2-18. ANSI T1.403, 1995–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve
Time (ns)
–400
–150
–150
–100
0
100
150
150
300
396
600
700
Time (UI)
–0.62
–0.23
–0.23
–0.15
0
0.15
0.23
0.23
0.46
0.61
0.93
1.08
Normalized
Amplitude
–0.05
–0.05
0.50
0.90
0.95
0.90
0.50
–0.45
–0.45
–0.26
–0.05
–0.05
Table 2-19. G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve
Time (ns)
–400
–243
–212
–212
212
212
243
700
Time (UI)
–0.62
–0.40
–0.33
–0.33
0.33
0.33
0.38
1.08
Normalized
Amplitude
0.10
0.10
0.50
1.23
1.23
0.50
0.10
0.10
2-72
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 2-20. G.703, 1988–DS1 Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve
Time (ns)
–400
–112
–112
0
81
112
112
212
700
Time (UI)
–0.62
–0.17
–0.17
0
0.13
0.17
0.17
0.33
1.08
Normalized
Amplitude
–0.10
–0.10
0.50
0.77
0.77
0.50
–0.40
–0.40
–0.10
Table 2-21. G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Maximum Curve
Time (ns)
–244
–135
–135
0
135
135
224
Time (UI)
–0.50
0.276
–0.276
0
0.276
0.276
0.500
Normalized
Amplitude
–0.10
0.0.50
1.20
1.20
0.50
0.10
1.10
Table 2-22. G.703, 1988–Pulse Template Corner Points, Minimum Curve
Time (ns)
–244
–110
–110
–97
0
97
110
110
244
Time (UI)
–0.500
–0.225
–0.225
–0.198
0
0.198
0.225
0.225
0.500
Normalized
Amplitude
–0.10
–0.20
0.50
0.80
0.90
0.800
0.50
–0.20
–0.10
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-73
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The pulse shape block receives P and N rail NRZ data. For each mark, it
produces a set of eight 6-bit values which define the pulse shape to be transmitted,
as illustrated in Figure 2-39. One of eight preprogrammed pulse shapes is
selected via the Transmit LIU Configuration register [TLIU_CR; addr 068]. The
TLIU control circuit downloads the code values associated with the selected pulse
shape from the ROM to the Transmit Pulse Shape Configuration registers
[SHAPE; addr 060–067], whenever the TLIU register is written to or when the
device is reset. The SHAPE registers can be directly accessed via the
microprocessor interface when a custom pulse shape is desired.
NOTE:
Any modification to the TLIU register initiates another download to the
SHAPE registers. The data stored in the pulse shape ROM and the SHAPE
registers is 5-bit magnitude only.
The TLIU control circuit converts the 5-bit magnitude to 6-bit 2's complement
data. The first 4 code values of the pulse (first half of the symbol) are forced to be
positive, and the last 4 values (last half of the symbol) are forced to be negative,
with respect to output pulse polarity.
Figure 2-39. Digitized AMI Pulse Shape
TCKO
8TCKO
ShapeAddr [060–067]
7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 0
Shape Data
Magnitude
0x00–0x1F
Digitized
AMI Pulses
Positive Pulse
2-74
Conexant
No Pulse
Negative Pulse
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
The VSET resistor not only provides a bias current to RPLL and TPLL but
also controls the height of the transmit pulse. The VSET value can be fine tuned
according to the total resistance on the line side. Table 2-23 shows the measured
Peak value of the transmit pulse. (Please refer to Figures 4-1 through 4-4 for the
recommended front-end circuitry.)
Table 2-23. Transmit Pulse
75 Ω
Rterm
100 Ω
VPk
2.36
LH =
2.96
120 Ω
2.36
SH =
3.16
2.96
LH =
2.96
2.30
SH =
3.12
LH =
2.88
2.28
SH =
3.00
LH =
2.80
SH =
3.04
2.96
2.90
2.84
PTC
No
No
One
Two
Tx Series
Resistance
No
2.1 Ω in series
with XTIP and
XRING
2.1 Ω in series
with XTIP and
XRING
2.1 Ω in series
with XTIP and
XRING
VSET (Ω)
14 k
14 k
14 k
14 k
Tx Termination
(Ω)
51.1
51.1
51.1
51.1
NOTE(S): LH refers to Long Haul, and SH refers to Short Haul.
The minimum series resistance required with XTIP/XRING is 2.1 Ω . The two
2.1 Ω series resistors, together with the Shottky diodes, are necessary to protect
the part against surge voltages of up to 50 V (please refer to Section 4,
Applications). The line side protection circuitry should break down the voltage to
50 V so that the chip side protection circuitry (two 2.1 Ω series resistors with
Shottky diodes) can protect the part for surge voltages of 50 V or below.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-75
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.9.2 Transmit Phase Lock Loop
The Transmit Phase Lock Loop (TPLL) operates at a nominal rate of either 1.544
MHz or 2.048 MHz, selected by T1/E1N [CR0; addr 001]. The pull-in and
hold-in range of the TPLL is ±200 ppm. The TPLL produces the transmit clock
(TCKO) and an 8x clock that is used by the pulse shape block to generate the
AMI pulses from TCKI clock mux, or JCLK.
2.9.2.1 Clock Reference
The TPLL reference clock is provided on the TCKO pin. If the jitter attenuator is
enabled in the transmit direction [JDIR; addr 002], TCKO is the dejittered TCKI
clock, or JCLK (if CLAD is enabled); otherwise, TCKO equals TCKI. The TCKI
source is selected by TCKI[1:0] [CMUX; addr 01A]. TCKI can have the
following selections: Recovered Receive Clock (RCKO), Receive System Bus
Clock Input (RSBCKI), Clock Rate Adapter Output (CLADO), or an external
clock, which is provided on the TCKI pin. The input clock jitter tolerance of the
TPLL is illustrated in Figure 2-40.
Figure 2-40. TPLL Input Clock Jitter Tolerance
Sine Wave Jitter Amplitude Peak-to-Peak (UI) [Log Scale]
10 k
1.0 k
TPLL
40 dB/Decade
138 UI
100.0
28 UI
TR 62411
10.0
2 UI
1.0
0.2 UI
0.1
0.1
1.0
10.0
100.0
1.0 k
10.0 k
100.0 k
Sine Wave Jitter Frequency (Hz) [Log Scale]
2-76
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.9.2.2 Output Jitter
The maximum output jitter generated on XTIP/XRING dependents on the
transmit clock source selected. Refer to CLAD and JAT descriptions.
2.9.3 Line Build Out
In the Bt8370 long haul device, three LBO filter networks can be enabled in the
TLIU to attenuate XTIP/XRING outputs in 7.5 dB steps, per the signal transfer
function defined by FCC Part 68 Regulations. (See LBO[1:0] in TLIU_CR.) The
number of LBO filters selected is based on the attached cable length. For short
line lengths, larger LBO attenuation prevents far-end crosstalk. For longer line
lengths, the appropriate line build-out must be selected. The following equation
lists the transfer function for each of the 7.5 dB LBO filters:
2
V out
n2 S + n1 S + n0
---------- = -------------------------------------------------------3
2
V in
d3 S + d2 S + d1 S + d0
where:
n 0 = 1.6049 × 10
6
n 1 = 7.9861 × 10
–1
n 2 = 9.2404 × 10
–8
d 0 = 2.1612 × 10
+6
d 1 = 1.7223
d 2 = 4.575 × 10
–7
d 3 = 3.8307 × 10
– 14
S = j2πf
f = frequency ( Hz )
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-77
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Pulse templates for each of the LBO settings are illustrated in Figure 2-41
through Figure 2-44.
Figure 2-41. 0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template
3.5
3
Amplitude (Volts)
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
Time (Sec)
3.5
1
1.2
Time (Sec)
1.4
4
4.5
5
-7
x 10
Figure 2-42. 7.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template
1.8
1.6
1.4
Amplitude (Volts)
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
2-78
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
Conexant
1.6
1.8
2
-6
x 10
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-43. 15.0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template
0.9
0.8
0.7
Amplitude (Volts)
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0
0.5
1
1.5
Time (Sec)
2
2.5
3
-6
x 10
Figure 2-44. 22.5 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template
0.5
0.45
0.4
Amplitude (Volts)
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0
N8370DSE
0.5
1
1.5
Time (Sec)
Conexant
2
2.5
3
-6
x 10
2-79
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.9.4 Line Driver
The line driver provides current drive to the low-power, bipolar analog signal
from the transmit Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC). The transmit DAC
converts the coded pulse shape values to properly scaled, analog bipolar signals
which drive the line transformer. The coded pulse shape values can optionally be
filtered during T1 Longhaul by LBO filter options. The internal sensing circuits
limit the drive current to less than 50 mA when a shorted line condition is
detected for more than 48 transmitted pulses. Normal drive levels are restored
when the short is removed. Typically, this is caused by a transmit cable short
circuit or a transient transmission line current surge. The activation sets the
TSHORT bit in Alarm 2 Status register [ALM2; addr 048].
2.9.4.1 Termination
Impedance
If an external termination resistor is used, the TERM bit in TLIU_CR must be set.
The transformer setting must also be set via the TURNS bit in TLIU_CR. An
external termination resistor can be used only if the transformer turns ratio is
1:1.36. The external termination resistor (RTerm) is placed in parallel across
XTIP/XRING, as illustrated in Figure 2-45.
Figure 2-45. External Termination Resistor Placement
1:N
XTIP
Bt8370
Cable
RLoad
RTerm
VOUT
XRING
2-80
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.9.4.2 Return Loss
Return loss is the measure of loss in the return path due to an impedance
mismatch. To meet a –18 dB transmitter return loss, independent of the cable
type, uses a 51.1 Ω termination resistor (see Figure 2-46). To see the effect of
different termination resistors on the pulse height, see Figure 2-47.
Figure 2-46. Nominal Return Loss
Nominal Return Loss for 75, 100, 120 lines, xfmr=1:1.36
0
-10
–18 dB
-20
Rl [dB]
–31 dB-30
-40
-50
-60
75
100
120
-70
-80
30
N8370DSE
35
40
45
50
55
Rterm [ ]
Conexant
60
65
70
75
80
2-81
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.9 Transmit Line Interface Unit
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 2-47. Output Pulse Height versus Transmit Termination Impedance
Change in pulse height, normalized to Rterm = 51.1
1.6
1.5
Pulse height [normalized]
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
30
2.9.4.3 Output Enable
35
40
45
50
55
Rterm [ ]
60
65
70
75
80
The bipolar analog output XTIP/XRING can be enabled or disabled using the
XOE pin. This feature allows switching between multiple XTIP/XRING outputs
that are tied together.
2.9.5 Pulse Imbalance
In any window of 17 consecutive primary rate cycles, the maximum variation in
pulse amplitude in the absence of 60 Hz variations is <200 mV. The maximum
variation in pulse width at half amplitude is <20 ns.
2-82
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.10 Microprocessor Interface
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.10 Microprocessor Interface
The Microprocessor Interface (MPU) provides the capability to configure the
Bt8370, read status registers and counters, and respond to interrupts (see
Figure 2-48). The interface supports both the Intel 8051 and Motorola 68000-type
processors. In the Intel mode, the address and data are multiplexed; in the
Motorola mode, the address and data are separate pins. Both synchronous and
asynchronous Read and Write modes are supported. The synchronous mode is
optimized for Motorola 68000-type processors with a maximum clock rate of 36
MHz. The asynchronous mode runs internally at 32 MHz, which limits the
processor speed to 16 MHz for 8051 processors, and 30 MHz for 68302
processors.
The microprocessor interface consists of the following pins: MCLK, MOTO*,
SYNCMD, CS*, AS*, DS*, R/W*, DTACK*, AD[7:0], A[8:0], INTR*,
CLKMD, ONESEC, RST*. (A detailed description of the MPU pins is provided
in Table 1-1, Hardware Signal Definitions.)
Figure 2-48. Microprocessor Interface Block Diagram
MCLK
MOTO*
SYNCMD
CS*
AS*
DS*
R/W*
DTACK*
Microprocessor Interface
CLKMD
AD[7:0]
A[8:0]
INTR*
ONESEC
RST*
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-83
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.10 Microprocessor Interface
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.10.1 Address/Data Bus
In Non-multiplexed Address mode, A[8:0] provides the address for register
access; in Multiplexed Address mode, A[8] and AD[7:0] provide the address. In
both modes, the data bytes flow over the shared bidirectional, byte-wide bus,
AD[7:0].
2.10.2 Bus Control Signals
Four signals control the operation of the interface port: AS*, CS*, RD*, and
R/W*. An additional pin, MOTO*, selects whether the interface signals are of a
Motorola or Intel flavor.
When MOTO* is low, indicating a Motorola-style interface, CS*, AS*, R/W*,
and DS* signals are expected. When MOTO* is high, indicating an Intel-style
interface, CS*, ALE, RD*, and WR* signals are expected.
When MOTO* is high, the address lines are multiplexed with the data. This
pin is usually tied high for Intel devices, and low for Motorola devices. SYNCMD
puts the interface into the Synchronous Processor Interface mode. Motorola
68000 processors typically have SYNCMD tied high if MCLK is connected to the
MPU clock source, while Intel 8051 processors have SYNCMD tied low (see
Table 2-24).
Table 2-24. Microprocessor Interface Operating Modes
MOTO*
SYNCMD
CLKMD
Description
0
0
0
Asynchronous Motorola, internal clock
0
1
1
Synchronous Motorola, external clock
1
0
0
Asynchronous Intel, internal clock
1
1
1
Synchronous Intel, external clock
2.10.3 Interrupt Requests
The INTR* output is an active low, open-drain type output which allows the
interrupt request line from multiple devices to connect to a common
microprocessor interrupt request line. All the Bt8370/8375/8376 interrupts are
requested on this pin. However, each interrupt source can be individually enabled
or disabled.
Interrupts are associated with three types of microprocessor interface
registers:
• Interrupt Enable register—a 1 in a given bit of IER[7:0] enables the
corresponding interrupt, a 0 (initial condition) disables it.
• Interrupt Status register [ISR; 7:0]—events are latched into these registers
whether the corresponding interrupt enable bit is set or not. The processor
must read the ISR registers to clear all latched bits.
• Interrupt Request register [IRR; addr 003]—reading this register along
with the corresponding ISR register, the microprocessor can determine the
cause of an interrupt. Active interrupts are indicated by bits that are high.
Inactive interrupts are indicated by bits that are low. Reading from IRR
clears the entire register; writing has no effect.
2-84
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.10 Microprocessor Interface
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.10.4 Device Reset
The Bt8370/8375/8376 contains three reset methods: internal power-on reset
(POR), hardware reset which uses the RST* pin, and software reset which uses
the RESET bit in register CR0 [addr 001]. All three methods result in device
outputs placed in a high-impedance state and configuration registers set to default
values as shown in Table 3-1, Address Map. In all reset methods, both REFCLK
and MCLK (internal or external) must be present during the reset process for
proper operation. MCLK (internal or external) performs the actual register
initialization. Therefore, if the CLKMD pin is connected high to enable external
MCLK, the external MCLK must be applied during reset, and if the CLKMD pin
is low during reset, the internal clock (33 MHz) is used.
After hardware reset, software reset, or internal power-on reset, the
microprocessor must initialize Bt8370/8375/8376 control registers and buffer
memory registers to the desired state.
2.10.4.1 Power-On
Reset (POR)
An internal POR process is initiated during power-up. When VDD has reached
approximately 3 V, the internal reset process begins and continues for 2048
REFCLK cycles (approximately 205 µs) if REFCLK is applied. If REFCLK is
not present, the Bt8370/8375/8376 remains in the reset state and does not
terminate until detecting 2048 REFCLK cycles have been detected. The RESET
bit in register CR0 [addr 001] can be monitored to determine when POR is
complete. MCLK (internal or external) must be present during the POR
concurrent with REFCLK to allow register initialization.
The LOOP register [addr 014] is not reset during power-on reset or internal
reset so the device may occasionally power-on in a loopback state. If this occurs,
several other registers (e.g., several IER registers) may not properly reset to their
default values. To avoid this, after power-on or hardware reset, write the Loop
register to 0 and then initiate a software reset using the RESET bit in the Primary
Control register [CR0; addr 001]. After this procedure, all default registers have
their default values. XOE needs to be disabled during the power-on reset period
and re-enabled after configuring the part. The device must not be in Framer
Loopback State when the software reset is written.
2.10.4.2 Hardware
Reset
Hardware Reset is initiated by bringing the RST* pin active (low) for a minimum
of 4 µs. If CLKMD is high (using external MCLK), external MCLK must be
present while RST* is low to allow register initialization. After RST* is
deactivated, the internal reset process continues for 5 µs, and register access must
be avoided. The RESET bit in register CR0 [addr 001] can be monitored to
determine when the reset process is complete.
2.10.4.3 Software Reset
Software Reset is initiated by writing the RESET bit [register CR0; addr 001] to
0, delaying at least 6 µs, then writing RESET to 1. Once initiated, the reset
process continues for 15 µs maximum and register access must be avoided. The
RESET bit can be monitored to determine when the reset process has completed.
As with the other reset methods, both REFCLK and MCLK (internal or external)
must be present during the reset process.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-85
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.11 Loopbacks
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.11 Loopbacks
Bt8370/8375/8376 provides a complete set of loopbacks for diagnostics,
maintenance, and troubleshooting.
2.11.1 Remote Line Loopback
The remote line loopback loops the RCVR inputs to the XMTR outputs. The
loopback provides BPV transparency and the ability to override the looped data
with AIS. The RCVR data path is not affected by the activation of this loopback.
Remote line loopback is activated by setting the Remote Line Loopback
(LLOOP) bit in the Loopback Configuration register [LOOP; addr 014]. It is
possible to operate the remote line loopback simultaneously with the local framer
loopback. If receive jitter attenuator is also enabled, RJAT is placed in the line
loopback path. TJAT, if enabled, is not present in the line loopback path.
2.11.2 Remote Payload Loopback
The remote payload loopback loops all DS0 channels from the RCVR input to the
XMTR output. Loopback payload retains time slot integrity, such that numbered
time slots from each receive frame are transferred to same numbered time slots in
the transmit frame. Transmit overhead bits—F-bits in T1 mode or TS0 in E1
mode—are supplied by the transmit frame formatter or by the TSB, depending on
TFRM [addr 072] settings. Existing transmit frame alignment and clock timing
are not altered by [PLOOP; addr 014] activation or deactivation, allowing system
operation with independent receive and transmit timing. Controlled frame slips
are performed in the payload loopback path if receive and transmit clocks are
asynchronous, although these slips are not reported to the processor as slip buffer
errors. Multiframe integrity is not maintained during PLOOP; therefore, DS0 and
signaling channel loopbacks [TPCn; addr 100–11F] must be used to implement
payload loopback if transparent or forced signaling is desired. PLOOP does not
override by transmit per-channel remote loopback selection (TLOOP bit in
TPCn).
2.11.3 Remote Per-Channel Loopbacks
The remote per-channel loopback loops the RCVR input DS0 channel to the
XMTR output DS0 channel. The remote per-channel loopback is activated by
setting TLOOP in the Transmit Per-Channel Control register [TPC0 to TPC31;
addr 100 to 11F].
2-86
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.11 Loopbacks
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.11.4 Local Analog Loopback
RLIU provides a local analog loopback to internally route bipolar data from
XTIP/XRING to RTIP/RRING. In the local analog loopback mode, externally
applied data on RTIP/RRING inputs is ignored, and XTIP/XRING output data is
unaffected. The local analog loopback is configured using the ALOOP bit in the
Loopback Configuration register [LOOP; addr 014]. If RCKO is selected as the
TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A], an alternate transmit clock source must
be provided when this loopback is activated. Possible configurations include
selecting the TCKI pin or CLADO as the transmit clock source, or programming
the JAT in the transmit direction and setting JFREE to enable the free-running
10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register; addr 002]. After activating or deactivating
this loopback, the RLIU must be reset using RST_LIU in the LIU Configuration
register [LIU_CR; addr 020]. The transmitter outputs must connect to a cable
termination or a transmit termination resistor for local analog loopback to pass
bipolar signals. If no cable and no resistor termination are supplied, then ALOOP
cannot pass bipolar signals to RTIP/RRING.
2.11.5 Local Framer Loopback
The local framer loopback loops the transmit line encoder outputs to the receive
line encoder inputs. The TLIU output is not affected by the activation of this
loopback. The local framer loopback is activated by setting the Local Framer
Loopback (FLOOP) bit in the Loopback Configuration register [LOOP;
addr 014]. If RCKO is selected as the TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A],
then an alternate transmit clock source must be provided when this loopback is
activated. Possible configurations include selecting the TCKI pin or CLADO as
the transmit clock source, or programming the JAT in the transmit direction and
setting JFREE to enable the free running 10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register;
addr 002]. It is possible to operate the local framer loopback simultaneously with
the remote line loopback. If transmit jitter attenuator is also enabled, TJAT is
placed in the framer loopback path. RJAT, if enabled, is not present in the framer
loopback path.
2.11.6 Local Per-Channel Loopback
The local per-channel loopback loops the TSB PCM and signaling inputs to the
RSB PCM and signaling outputs on a per-channel basis. The local per-channel
PCM loopback is activated by setting RLOOP in the System Bus Per-Channel
Control registers [SBC0 to SBC31; addr 0E0 to 0FF]. The local per-channel
signaling loopback is activated by setting SIG_LP in System Bus Per-Channel
Control registers.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-87
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.12 Joint Test Access Group
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.12 Joint Test Access Group
The Bt8370/8375/8376 incorporates printed circuit board testability circuits in
compliance with IEEE Std. P1149.1a–1993, IEEE Standard Test Access Port and
Boundary–Scan Architecture, commonly known as JTAG (Joint Test Action
Group).
The JTAG includes a Test Access Port (TAP) and several data registers. The
TAP provides a standard interface through which instructions and test data are
communicated (see Figure 2-49). A Boundary Scan Description Language
(BSDL) file for the Bt8370/8375/8376 is available from the factory upon request.
The test access port consists of the TDI, TCK, TMS, and TDO pins. An
internal power on reset circuit resets the JTAG port.
Figure 2-49. JTAG Diagram
TCK
TMS
JTAG Port
TDI
TDO
2.12.1 Instructions
In addition to the required BYPASS, SAMPLE/PRELOAD, and EXTEST
instructions, IDCODE instruction is supported. There are also two private
instructions. Table 2-25 lists the JTAG instructions, and their codes.
Table 2-25. JTAG Instructions
2-88
Instruction
Code
BYPASS
111 111
SAMPLE/PRELOAD
000 001
EXTEST
000 000
IDCODE
000 010
Private
xxx xxx
Private
xxx xxx
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.12 Joint Test Access Group
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
2.12.2 Device Identification Register
The JTAG ID register consists of a 4-bit version, a 16-bit part number, and an
11-bit manufacturer number (see Tables 2-26 through 2-28).
Table 2-26. Bt8370/8375/8376 Device Identification JTAG Register
Version(1)
1
0
0
Part Number
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
Manufacturer ID
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0x8
0x8370
0x0D6
4 bits
16 bits
11 bits
0
1
1
0
1
TDO
NOTE(S):
(1)
Consult factory for current version number.
Table 2-27. Bt8375 Device Identification JTAG Register
Version(1)
0
1
0
Part Number
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
Manufacturer ID
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0x8
0x8375
0x0D6
4 bits
16 bits
11 bits
0
1
1
0
1
TDO
NOTE(S):
(1)
Consult factory for current version number.
Table 2-28. Bt8376 Device Identification JTAG Register
Version(1)
0
1
0
Part Number
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
Manufacturer ID
1
1
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
0x8
0x8376
0x0D6
4 bits
16 bits
11 bits
0
1
1
0
1
TDO
NOTE(S):
(1)
Consult factory for current version number.
N8370DSE
Conexant
2-89
Bt8370/8375/8376
2.0 Circuit Description
2.12 Joint Test Access Group
2-90
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Conexant
N8370DSE
3
3.0 Registers
Registers shown with a default setting are reset to the indicated value following power-up, software RESET
(CR0; addr 001), or hardware reset (RST* pin). Refer to Table 3-1.
3.1 Address Map
Interrupt Status
Global
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (1 of 8)
Default Register Setting
Address
(Hex)
Acronym
000
DID
R
001
CR0
002
R/W
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
Device Identification
08
58
68
R/W
Primary Control register
00
00
00
JAT_CR
R/W
Jitter Attenuator Configuration
00
00
00
003
IRR
R
Interrupt Request register
—
—
—
004
ISR7
R
Alarm 1 Interrupt Status
—
—
—
005
ISR6
R
Alarm 2 Interrupt Status
—
—
—
006
ISR5
R
Error Interrupt Status
—
—
—
007
ISR4
R
Counter Overflow Interrupt
Status
—
—
—
008
ISR3
R
Timer Interrupt Status
—
—
—
009
ISR2
R
Data Link 1 Interrupt Status
—
—
—
00A
ISR1
R
Data Link 2 Interrupt Status
—
—
—
00B
ISR0
R
Pattern Interrupt Status
—
—
—
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.1 Address Map
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Primary
Interrupt Enable
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (2 of 8)
3-2
Default Register Setting
Address
(Hex)
Acronym
00C
IER7
R/W
00D
IER6
00E
R/W
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
Alarm 1 Interrupt Enable
register
00
00
00
R/W
Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable
register
00
00
00
IER5
R/W
Error Interrupt Enable register
00
00
00
00F
IER4
R/W
Count Overflow Interrupt
Enable register
00
00
00
010
IER3
R/W
Timer Interrupt Enable
register
00
00
00
011
IER2
R/W
Data Link 1 Interrupt Enable
register
00
00
00
012
IER1
R/W
Data Link 2 Interrupt Enable
register
00
00
00
013
IER0
R/W
Pattern Interrupt Enable
register
00
00
00
014
LOOP
R/W
Loopback Configuration
register
—
—
—
015
DL3_TS
R/W
External Data Link Channel
—
—
—
016
DL3_BIT
R/W
External Data Link Bit
—
—
—
017
FSTAT
R
Offline Framer Status
—
—
—
018
PIO
R/W
Programmable Input/Output
00
00
00
019
POE
R/W
Programmable Output Enable
3F
3F
3F
01A
CMUX
R/W
Clock Input Mux
00
00
00
01B
TMUX
R/W
Test Mux Configuration
00
00
00
01C
TEST
R/W
Test Configuration
00
00
00
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.1 Address Map
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Digital Receiver (RCVR)
Receive LIU (RLIU)
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (3 of 8)
Default Register Setting
Address
(Hex)
Acronym
020
LIU_CR
R/W
021
RSTAT
R
022
RLIU_CR
023
R/W
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
LIU Configuration
00
00
00
Receive LIU Status
—
—
—
R/W
Receive LIU Configuration
31
31
31
LPF
R/W
RPLL Low Pass Filter
33
33
33
024
VGA_MAX
R/W
Variable Gain Amplifier
Maximum
3F
2F
2F
025
EQ_DAT
R/W
Equalizer Coefficient Data
register
—
—
—
026
EQ_PTR
R/W
Equalizer Coefficient Table
Pointer
—
—
—
027
DSLICE
R/W
Data Slicer Threshold
BA
BA
BA
028
EQ_OUT
R/W
Equalizer Output Levels
DA
DA
DA
029
VGA
R
Variable Gain Amplifier Status
—
—
—
02A
PRE_EQ
R/W
Pre-Equalizer
26
26
26
030–037
COEFF
R
LMS Adjusted Equalizer
Coefficient Status
—
—
—
038–03C
GAIN
R/W
Equalizer Gain Thresholds
16, 1F, 21,
24, 26
16, 1F, 21,
24, 26
16, 1F, 21,
24, 26
040
RCR0
R/W
Receiver Configuration
—
—
—
041
RPATT
R/W
Receive Test Pattern
Configuration
—
—
—
042
RLB
R/W
Receive Loopback Code
Detector Configuration
—
—
—
043
LBA
R/W
Loopback Activate Code
Pattern
—
—
—
044
LBD
R/W
Loopback Deactivate Code
Pattern
—
—
—
045
RALM
R/W
Receive Alarm Signal
Configuration
—
—
—
046
LATCH
R/W
Alarm/Error/Counter Latch
Configuration
—
—
—
047
ALM1
R
Alarm 1 Status
—
—
—
048
ALM2
R
Alarm 2 Status
—
—
—
049
ALM3
R
Alarm 3 Status
—
—
—
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-3
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.1 Address Map
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Default Register Setting
Address
(Hex)
Acronym
050
FERR
R
051
FERR
052
R/W
3-4
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
Framing Bit Error Counter LSB
—
—
—
R
Framing Bit Error Counter
MSB
—
—
—
CERR
R
CRC Error Counter LSB
—
—
—
053
CERR
R
CRC Error Counter MSB
—
—
—
054
LCV
R
Line Code Violation Counter
LSB
—
—
—
055
LCV
R
Line Code Violation Counter
MSB
—
—
—
056
FEBE
R
Far End Block Error Counter
LSB
—
—
—
057
FEBE
R
Far End Block Error Counter
MSB
—
—
—
058
BERR
R
PRBS Bit Error Counter LSB
—
—
—
059
BERR
R
PRBS Bit Error Counter MSB
—
—
—
05B
RSA4
R
Receive Sa4 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
05C
RSA5
R
Receive Sa5 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
05D
RSA6
R
Receive Sa6 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
05E
RSA7
R
Receive Sa7 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
05F
RSA8
R
Receive Sa8 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
060–067
SHAPE
R/W
Transmit Pulse Shape
Configuration
15, 14,
14, 14, 6,
4, 2, 1
15, 14,
14, 14, 6,
4, 2, 1
15, 14,
14, 14, 6,
4, 2, 1
068
TLIU_CR
R/W
Transmit LIU Configuration
01
01
01
TLIU
Receive Sa-Byte
Error/Alarm Counters
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (4 of 8)
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.1 Address Map
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
BOP
CLAD
Transmit Sa-Byte
Digital Transmitter (XMTR)
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (5 of 8)
Default Register Setting
Address
(Hex)
Acronym
070
TCR0
R/W
071
TCR1
072
R/W
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
Transmit Framer Configuration
—
—
—
R/W
Transmitter Configuration
—
—
—
TFRM
R/W
Transmit Frame Format
—
—
—
073
TERROR
R/W
Transmit Error Insert
—
—
—
074
TMAN
R/W
Transmit Manual
Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration
—
—
—
075
TALM
R/W
Transmit Alarm Signal
Configuration
—
—
—
076
TPATT
R/W
Transmit Test Pattern
Configuration
—
—
—
077
TLB
R/W
Transmit Inband Loopback
Code Configuration
—
—
—
078
LBP
R/W
Transmit In-Band Loopback
Code Pattern
—
—
—
07B
TSA4
R/W
Transmit Sa4 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
07C
TSA5
R/W
Transmit Sa5 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
07D
TSA6
R/W
Transmit Sa6 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
07E
TSA7
R/W
Transmit Sa7 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
07F
TSA8
R/W
Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer
—
—
—
090
CLAD_CR
R/W
Clock Rate Adapter
Configuration
07
07
07
091
CSEL
R/W
CLAD Frequency Select
01
01
01
092
CPHASE
R/W
CLAD Phase Detector Scale
Factor
00
00
00
093
CTEST
R/W
CLAD Test
00
00
00
0A0
BOP
R/W
Bit Oriented Protocol
Transceiver
00
00
00
0A1
TBOP
R/W
Transmit BOP Code Word
00
00
00
0A2
RBOP
R
Receive BOP Code Word
—
—
—
0A3
BOP_STAT
R
BOP Status
—
—
—
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-5
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.1 Address Map
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Test
Data Link #2
Data Link #1
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (6 of 8)
3-6
Default Register Setting
Address
(Hex)
Acronym
0A4
DL1_TS
R/W
0A5
DL1_BIT
0A6
R/W
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
DL1 Time Slot Enable
00
00
00
R/W
DL1 Bit Enable
00
00
00
DL1_CTL
R/W
DL1 Control
00
00
00
0A7
RDL1_FFC
R/W
RDL #1 FIFO Fill Control
00
00
00
0A8
RDL1
R
Receive Data Link FIFO #1
—
—
—
0A9
RDL1_STAT
R
RDL #1 Status
—
—
—
0AA
PRM
R/W
Performance Report Message
00
00
00
0AB
TDL1_FEC
R/W
TDL #1 FIFO Empty Control
00
00
00
0AC
TDL1_EOM
W
TDL #1 End Of Message
Control
—
—
—
0AD
TDL1
R/W
Transmit Data Link FIFO #1
—
—
—
0AE
TDL1_STAT
R
TDL #1 Status
—
—
—
0AF
DL2_TS
R/W
DL2 Time Slot Enable
00
00
N/A
0B0
DL2_BIT
R/W
DL2 Bit Enable
00
00
N/A
0B1
DL2_CTL
R/W
DL2 Control
00
00
N/A
0B2
RDL2_FFC
R/W
RDL #2 FIFO Fill Control
00
00
N/A
0B3
RDL2
R
Receive Data Link FIFO #2
—
—
—
0B4
RDL2_STAT
R
RDL #2 Status
—
—
—
0B6
TDL2_FEC
R/W
TDL #2 FIFO Empty Control
00
00
N/A
0B7
TDL2_EOM
W
TDL #2 End Of Message
Control
—
—
—
0B8
TDL2
R/W
Transmit Data Link FIFO #2
—
—
—
0B9
TDL2_STAT
R
TDL #2 Status
—
—
—
0BA
DL_TEST1
R/W
DLINK Test Configuration
00
00
00
0BB
DL_TEST2
R/W
DLINK Test Status
00
00
00
0BC
DL_TEST3
R/W
DLINK Test Status
00
00
00
0BD
DL_TEST4
R/W
DLINK Test Control #1 or
Configuration #2
00
00
00
0BE
DL_TEST5
R/W
DLINK Test Control #2 or
Configuration #2
00
00
00
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.1 Address Map
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
System Bus Interface (SBI)
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (7 of 8)
Default Register Setting
Address
(Hex)
Acronym
0D0
SBI_CR
R/W
0D1
RSB_CR
0D2
R/W
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
System Bus Interface
Configuration
00
00
00
R/W
Receive System Bus
Configuration
00
00
00
RSYNC_BIT
R/W
Receive System Bus Sync Bit
Offset
—
—
—
0D3
RSYNC_TS
R/W
Receive System Bus Sync
Time Slot Offset
—
—
—
0D4
TSB_CR
R/W
Transmit System Bus
Configuration
00
00
00
0D5
TSYNC_BIT
R/W
Transmit System Bus Sync Bit
Offset
—
—
—
0D6
TSYNC_TS
R/W
Transmit System Bus Sync
Time Slot Offset
—
—
—
0D7
RSIG_CR
R/W
Receive Signaling
Configuration
—
—
—
0D8
RSYNC_FRM
R/W
Signaling Reinsertion Frame
Offset
—
—
—
0D9
SSTAT
R
Slip Buffer Status
—
—
—
0DA
STACK
R
Receive Signaling Stack
—
—
—
0DB
RPHASE
R
RSLIP Phase Status
—
—
—
0DC
TPHASE
R
TSLIP Phase Status
—
—
—
0DD
PERR
R
RAM Parity Status
—
—
—
0E0–0FF
SBCn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
System Bus Per-Channel
Control
—
—
—
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-7
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.1 Address Map
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Buffer Memory
Block
Table 3-1. Address Map (8 of 8)
3-8
Address
(Hex)
Default Register Setting
Acronym
R/W
Description
Bt8370
Bt8375
Bt8376
100–11F
TPCn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Transmit Per-Channel Control
—
—
—
120–13F
TSIGn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Transmit Signaling Buffer
—
—
—
140–15F
TSLIP_LOn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Transmit PCM Slip Buffer
—
—
—
160–17F
TSLIP_HIn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Transmit PCM Slip Buffer
—
—
—
180–19F
RPCn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Receive Per-Channel Control
—
—
—
1A0–1BF
RSIGn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Receive Signaling Buffer
—
—
—
1C0–1DF
RSLIP_LOn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Receive PCM Slip Buffer
—
—
—
1E0–1FF
RSLIP_HIn:
n = 0 to 31
R/W
Receive PCM Slip Buffer
—
—
—
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.2 Global Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.2 Global Control and Status Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
000—Device Identification (DID)
Read only value.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DID[7]
DID[6]
DID[5]
DID[4]
DID[3]
DID[2]
DID[1]
DID[0]
DID[7:4]
Device ID—A value of 0x0 indicates Bt8370.
A value of 0x5 indicates the Bt8375.
A value of 0x6 indicates the Bt8376.
DID[3:0]
Device Revision—A value of 0x8 indicates the current revision. Prior revisions are obsolete.
001—Primary Control Register (CR0)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RESET
—
—
RFRAME[3]
RFRAME[2]
RFRAME[1]
RFRAME[0]
T1/E1N
RESET
Device Reset—Active-high indicates a device reset is in progress. The device reset is initiated
by a power-on reset, a software reset, or a hardware reset (RST* pin is active low). RESET can
be monitored to determine when the reset process is complete.
To initiate a software reset, the processor must first write RESET to 0, then delay at least
6 µs, then write RESET to 1. Once initiated, the reset process continues for 15 µs maximum,
and causes the Bt8370/8375/8376 to initialize certain control registers to their default settings,
as shown in Table 3-1, Address Map. The processor must not write to these registers until
RESET returns low, although other non-default registers can be processor-initialized while
RESET is active.
To avoid non-compliant line rate or pulse shape transmissions during the reset process, the
system can three-state the transmit line driver by holding the XOE pin inactive (low).
After the reset process, the following is true:
System bus outputs RSIGO, RPCMO, and SIGFRZO are three-stated.
Interrupt INTR* output is disabled.
Programmable I/O pins are configured as inputs: RFSYNC, RMSYNC,
TFSYNC, TMSYNC, TNEGI/TDLCLKO, and ONESEC.
4. CONEXANT production test modes are disabled.
1.
2.
3.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-9
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.2 Global Control and Status Registers
RFRAME[3:0]
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Receiver Framer mode—Establishes the offline framer's search criteria for recovery of frame
alignment (reframe). Also works in conjunction with the RLOFA–RLOFD bits [addr 040] to
establish the online framer's criteria for loss of frame alignment. Refer to
Table A-1, Superframe Format through Table A-1, Superframe Format to find which frame
bits are monitored, and refer to Table 2-3, Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer
Alignment for frame alignment loss/recovery criteria during the selected mode. Mode
descriptions are listed in Table 3-2. The online framer’s SF, SLC, CAS, and MFAS criteria for
loss/recovery of multiframe alignment is also selected by RFRAME[3:0].
Table 3-2. Receive Framer Modes
T1/E1N
3-10
RFRAME[3:0]
T1/E1N
Receive Framer Mode
000X
0
FAS Only
001X
0
FAS Only + BSLIP
010X
0
FAS + CRC
011X
0
FAS + CRC + BSLIP
100X
0
FAS + CAS
101X
0
FAS + CAS + BSLIP
110X
0
FAS + CRC + CAS
111X
0
FAS + CRC + CAS + BSLIP
0000
1
FT Only
0001
1
ESF + No CRC (FPS only)
0100
1
SF
0101
1
SF + JYEL
0110
1
SF + T1DM
1000
1
SLC + FSLOF
1001
1
SLC
1100
1
ESF + Mimic CRC
1101
1
ESF + Force CRC
Global T1/E1 Select—Affects all Bt8370/8375/8376 functions by enabling receive and
transmit circuits to operate at either the T1 or E1 line rate. The processor must reinitialize all
control register settings after changing the T1/E1N control bit. T1/E1N selects the nominal
line rate (shown below), while the exact receive and transmit line rate frequencies are
independently determined by their respective input clock or data references. The actual receive
and transmit line frequency can vary within defined tolerances.
0 = 2.048 MHz line rate (E1)
1 = 1.544 MHz line rate (T1)
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.2 Global Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
002—Jitter Attenuator Configuration (JAT_CR)
The processor writes JAT_CR register at power-up, activating the JAUTO and JCENTER bits to initialize the
jitter attenuator elastic store. The processor can maximize jitter tolerance by repeating JCENTER after
recovering from an error [CKERR; addr 006] on the JAT input clock reference. JAT elastic store automatically
recenters upon detection of an elastic store limit error [JERR; addr 006].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
JEN
JFREE
JDIR
JAUTO
JCENTER
JSIZE[2]
JSIZE[1]
JSIZE[0]
JEN
Jitter Attenuator Enable—JCLK and CLADO are locked to the timing reference selected. The
reference frequency can operate at T1 or E1 line rates, or at any rate supported by the clock
rate adapter. See RSCALE[2:0] [addr 092] for selecting the timing reference frequency.
CEN
JEN
JFREE
JDIR
0
0
1
X
REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock
0
1
1
0
REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with transmit JAT
0
1
1
1
REFCKI—Free running 10 MHz clock with receive JAT
0
1
0
0
TXCLK—TCKI or ACKI per [AISCLK; addr 068]
0
1
0
1
RXCLK—RPLL or RCKI per [RDIGI; addr 020]
1
0
0
X
CLADI—System clock, bypass JAT elastic store
1
1
0
0
CLADI—System clock with transmit JAT
1
1
0
1
CLADI—System clock with receive JAT
NOTE:
CLADO/JCLK Reference
JCLK always operates at T1 or E1 line rate selected by [T1/E1N; addr 001].
JFREE
Free-Running JCLK and CLADO—Disables both CLADI and JAT phase detectors in the
clock rate adapter, which forces the Numerical Controlled Oscillator (NCO) to free-run based
on the 10 MHz REFCKI input clock accuracy. When JFREE is active, JEN and JDIR select
jitter attenuator direction.
0 = normal (closed loop) CLAD/JAT operation
1 = free run (open loop) NCO operation
JDIR
Select JAT Direction—Applicable only when the jitter attenuator is enabled (see JEN
description). JAT elastic store is placed in either the receive or transmit direction, and JCLK is
placed on RCKO or TCKO pin according to JDIR selection.
0 = JAT in TX direction, JCLK output on TCKO
1 = JAT in RX direction, JCLK output on RCKO
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-11
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.2 Global Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
JAUTO
Enable JCLK Acceleration—When active, the jitter attenuated output clock (JCLK) phase is
accelerated (added or subtracted) if the elastic store depth is within 1 Unit Interval (UI) of its
limit. JCLK frequency is increased if the depth is within 1 UI of overflow, or decreased if the
depth is within 1 UI of under-run. JAUTO does not affect JAT operation during other depth
conditions. The amount of JCLK acceleration is proportional to the proximity of the elastic
store limit, quantized in 0.125 UI steps. The JCLK phase is accelerated in 5 ns increments for
each quantized step, to a total of 40 ns (maximum 0.08 UI output jitter). JAUTO expands the
JAT loop bandwidth during near-limit conditions and allows JCLK to remain
frequency-locked during an instantaneous reference clock switchover. Clock acceleration (±)
is reported in CKERR interrupt [addr 006] and CPDERR [addr 021] status. JAUTO cannot
prevent elastic store data errors [JERR; addr 006] if an invalid, out-of-frequency range clock is
applied on the JAT reference input. If JCLK is programmed to free-run (JFREE), the processor
must disable JAUTO. The processor can optionally disable JAUTO to prevent unnecessary
clock acceleration when JCLK references CLADI, or during RLOS, RALOS, or TLOC error
conditions.
0 = no acceleration
1 = enable JCLK acceleration
JCENTER
Force JAT to Center (not auto clear)—Writing a 1 and then a 0 to JCENTER resets the elastic
store write pointer and forces the elastic store read pointer to 1-half the programmed JSIZE.
The processor writes JCENTER at power-up. Depending upon which JAT reference is
selected, the processor can optionally assert JCENTER after recovery from a loss of signal
(RLOS or RALOS) or in response to a transmit loss of clock (TLOC), or after recovering from
a persistent clock error (CKERR).
0 = normal operation
1 = recenter JAT elastic store
JSIZE[2:0]
JAT Elastic Store Size—Selects the maximum depth of JAT elastic store. The 32-bit depth is
sufficient to meet jitter attenuation requirements in all cases where JAT cutoff frequency is
programmed at 6 Hz and the selected clock reference is frequency-locked. However, in cases
where an external reference is selected or a narrow loop bandwidth is programmed, the elastic
store depth can tolerate up to ±64 Unit Intervals (128 bits) of accumulated phase offset.
3-12
JSIZE
Elastic Store Size
000
8 Bits
001
16 Bits
010
32 Bits
011
64 Bits
1xx
128 Bits
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.3 Interrupt Control Register
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.3 Interrupt Control Register
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
003—Interrupt Request Register (IRR)
An IRR bit is latched active (high) and the INTR* output pin is latched active (low) whenever an enabled
interrupt source reports an interrupt event in the corresponding Interrupt Status register [ISR7–ISR0; addr
004–00B]. IRR and INTR* are latched until the corresponding ISR register is read by the processor. Reading
ISR clears the respective IRR bit, independent of clearing ISR bits; therefore, persistently active ISR bits do not
assert INTR*. All IRR bits are logically OR'ed to activate INTR*, so the processor must read IRR = 00 before
exiting its interrupt service routine in order to confirm that the INTR* output has been de-asserted.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ALARM1
ALARM2
ERROR
COUNT
TIMER
DL1
DL2
PATT
ALARM1
Alarm 1 Interrupt Request—Indicates 1 or more receiver errors. The processor reads ISR7
[addr 004] to locate the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
ALARM2
Alarm 2 Interrupt Request—Indicates 1-second timer expiration, or detection of 1 or more
transmitter errors or inband loopback codeword. The processor reads ISR6 [addr 005] to locate
the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
ERROR
Error Interrupt—Indicates 1 or more errors detected by the receive framer, JAT, CLAD,
RSLIP, or TSLIP circuits. The processor reads ISR5 [addr 006] to locate the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
COUNT
Counter Overflow Interrupt—Indicates 1 or more error counts [addr 050–05A] have issued an
overflow interrupt. The processor reads ISR4 [addr 007] to locate the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
TIMER
Timer Interrupt Request—Indicates the transmit, receive, or system bus timebase has reached
a frame count terminus, or the receive signaling stack [STACK; addr 0DA] has been updated
with new signaling during the prior multiframe. The processor reads ISR3 [addr 008] to locate
the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
DL1
Data Link Controller 1 or BOP Transmit—Indicates a transmit or receive interrupt issued by
DL1 or BOP transceiver has begun transmitting a priority codeword from TBOP [addr 0A1].
The processor reads ISR2 [addr 009] to locate the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-13
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.3 Interrupt Control Register
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
DL2
Data Link Controller 2 or BOP Receive—Indicates a transmit or receive interrupt issued by
DL2 or BOP transceiver has received a valid priority codeword and updated RBOP
[addr 0A2]. The processor reads ISR1 [addr 00A] to locate the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
PATT
PRBS Pattern or Transmit Framer Error—Indicates detection of PRBS test pattern sync, or
detection of 1 or more transmit frame alignment pattern errors. The processor reads ISR0
[addr 00B] to locate the specific source.
0 = no event
1 = active interrupt request
3-14
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
An Interrupt Status register (ISR) bit is latched active (high) whenever its corresponding interrupt source
reports an interrupt event. The processor reads ISR to clear all latched ISR bits. If the corresponding interrupt
enable is active (high), each interrupt event forces the associated IRR bit active (high) and the INTR* output pin
active (low). Interrupt sources fall into two categories:
• Rising-edge source reports an interrupt event when status changes from inactive to active state. Unless
specifically noted otherwise, all ISR bits are rising-edge sources.
• Dual-edge source reports an interrupt event when status changes from inactive to active (rising edge),
or from active to inactive (falling edge). The processor must read the associated real-time status to
determine which edge occurred.
Interrupt events are reported in real time on the INTR* output pin if the interrupt enable is active (high).
Otherwise, the interrupt status is latched and reported according to the selected latching mode [LATCH;
addr 046] without asserting the INTR* output pin. Table 3-3 summarizes the interrupt status registers.
Table 3-3. Interrupt Status Register Summary
Bit
004
ISR7
ALARM1
005
ISR6
ALARM2
006
ISR5
ERROR
007
ISR4
COUNT
008
ISR3
TIMER
009
ISR2
DL1
00A
ISR1
DL2
00B
ISR0
PATT
0
SIGFRZ
ONESEC
FERR
FERR[12]
RFRAME
TMSG
TMSG(1)
TFERR
1
RLOF
TLOF
MERR
CRC[10]
RMF
TNEAR
TNEAR(1)
TMERR
2
RLOS
—
SERR
LCV[16]
RMSYNC
TEMPTY
TEMPTY(1)
TSERR
3
RALOS
TLOC
CERR
FEBE[10]
RSIG
TDLERR
TDLERR(1)
TCERR
4
RAIS
TSHORT
JERR
BERR[12]
TFRAME
RMSG
RMSG(1)
PSYNC
5
RPDV
TPDV
CKERR
SEF[2]
TMF
RNEAR
RNEAR(1)
BSLIP
6
RYEL
LOOPUP
RSLIP
COFA[2]
TMSYNC
RFULL
RFULL(1)
—
7
RMYEL
LOOPDN
TSLIP
RLOF[4]
TSIG
TBOP
RBOP
—
NOTE(S):
(1)
These bits are not active in the Bt8376 Device.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-15
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
004—Alarm 1 Interrupt Status (ISR7)
All events reported in ISR7 are from dual-edge sources, except Receive Pulse Density Violation [RPDV]. Any
transition of real-time status in Alarm 1 Status register [ALM1; addr 047] forces the corresponding ISR7 status
bit active (high). Active-high status is latched and held according to the LATCH_ALM bit [addr 046]. Each
event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER7 bit is enabled [addr 00C].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RMYEL
RYEL
RPDV
RAIS
RALOS
RLOS
RLOF
SIGFRZ
RMYEL
Loss/Recovery of Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Reports any change in real-time status of
Multiframe Yellow (E1) or ESF Yellow (T1) alarm detector.
0 = no event
1 = multiframe Yellow Alarm transition
RYEL
Loss/Recovery of Yellow Alarm—Reports any change in real-time status of Remote Alarm
Indication (RAI), also referred to as Yellow Alarm.
0 = no event
1 = Yellow Alarm transition
RPDV
Receive Pulse Density Violation—Reports each occurrence of a receive pulse density
violation, according to ANSI T1.403 sliding window criteria. RPDV is latched active upon
detection of any window of 8 (N+1) bits which does not contain at least N pulses. For
example, RPDV reports each occurrence of 16 consecutive 0s.
0 = no error
1 = receive pulse density violation
RAIS
Loss/Recovery of Alarm Indication Signal—Reports any change in real-time status of the AIS
detector.
0 = no event
1 = AIS transition
RALOS
Loss/Recovery of Receive Analog Signal—Reports any change in analog receive level
detector’s real-time status, or receive equalizer’s acquisition status (ACQUIRE; addr 021).
0 = no event
1 = receive level transition
RLOS
Loss/Recovery of Receive Signal—Reports any change in real-time status of digital receive
signal detector.
0 = no event
1 = receive signal transition
RLOF
Loss/Recovery of Frame Alignment—Reports any change in real-time or integrated status of
receive online frame status monitor.
0 = no event
1 = receive frame status transition
SIGFRZ
Loss/Recovery of Signaling Freeze—Reports any change in real-time status of SIGFRZ
receiver status, which is also available on the SIGFRZ output pin.
0 = no event
1 = SIGFRZ transition
3-16
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
005—Alarm 2 Interrupt Status (ISR6)
All events reported in ISR6 are from dual-edge sources, except the 1-second timer [ONESEC] and Transmit
Pulse Density Violation [TPDV]. Any transition of real-time status in the Alarm 2 Status register [ALM2;
addr 048] forces the corresponding ISR6 status bit active (high). Active-high status is latched and held
according to the LATCH_ALM bit [addr 046]. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER6 bit is
enabled [addr 00D].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LOOPDN
LOOPUP
TPDV
TSHORT
TLOC
—
TLOF
ONESEC
LOOPDN
Loss/Recovery of Inband Loopback Deactivate Code—Reports any change in real-time status
of inband loopback deactivate code detector.
0 = no event
1 = LOOPDN code transition
LOOPUP
Loss/Recovery of Inband Loopback Activate Code—Reports any change in real-time status of
inband loopback activate code detector.
0 = no event
1 = LOOPUP code transition
TPDV
Transmit PDV Monitor/Enforcer—Applicable only if TZCS [addr 071] enables PDV
enforcement. When enabled, TPDV is latched active if 1 or more PDV-enforced 1s were
output to meet ANSI T1.403 minimum pulse density requirements.
0 = no error
1 = PDV-enforced 1
TSHORT
Loss/Recovery of Transmit Short Circuit—Reports any change in real-time status of transmit
line driver's short circuit detector.
0 = no alarm
1 = short circuit transition
TLOC
Loss/Recovery of Transmit Clock—Reports any change in real-time status of TCKI clock
monitor.
0 = no alarm
1 = clock monitor transition
TLOF
Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment—Reports any change in real-time status of
transmit framer's basic alignment.
0 = no alarm
1 = transmit framer transition
ONESEC
1-second Timer Event—ONESEC is derived from the internal 1-second timer or the rising
edge of ONESEC input signal, according to the selected I/O mode [PIO; addr 018].
0 = no timer event
1 = ONESEC timer expired or rising edge of ONESEC input
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-17
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
006—Error Interrupt Status (ISR5)
All events in ISR5 are from rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held according to the
LATCH_ERR bit [addr 046] and triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER5 bit is enabled [addr 00E].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSLIP
RSLIP
CKERR
JERR
CERR
SERR
MERR
FERR
TSLIP
Transmit Slip Error—Two types of TSLIP buffer errors are reported, TFSLIP or TUSLIP. The
error type is reported separately in slip status [SSTAT; 0D9].
0 = no error
1 = TSLIP error
RSLIP
Receive Slip Error—Two types of RSLIP buffer errors are reported, RFSLIP or RUSLIP. The
error type is reported separately in slip status [SSTAT; 0D9].
0 = no error
1 = RSLIP error
CKERR
CLAD Phase Detector or JCLK Acceleration Error—Reports JCLK acceleration/deceleration
(enabled by JAUTO bit; addr 002).
CKERR
JAUTO
JCLK Acceleration
X
0
CKERR disabled
0
1
No error
1
1
JCLK acceleration active
JERR
Jitter Attenuator Elastic Store Limit Error—Indicates the transmit (TJAT) or receive (RJAT)
jitter attenuator elastic store has under-run or overflowed its programmed depth [JSIZE;
addr 002]. Error type is reported separately in JMPTY [addr 021]. JAT elastic store is
automatically re-centered each time JERR occurs, causing an uncontrolled data slip on the
elastic store output.
0 = no error
1 = uncontrolled JAT data slip
CERR
CRC6/CRC4 Block Error—Applicable to ESF and MFAS modes only; read 0 in other modes.
CERR indicates 1 or more bit errors found in the received CRC-6 or CRC-4 checksum block
pattern.
0 = no error
1 = CRC error
SERR
CAS Pattern Error—Applicable only in E1 mode; read 0 in T1 mode. SERR indicates 1 or
more bit errors found in received TS16 Multiframe Alignment Signal (MAS).
0 = no error
1 = CAS error
MERR
MFAS Pattern Error—Applicable only in E1 mode; read 0 in T1 mode. Indicates 1 or more bit
errors found in received MFAS alignment pattern.
0 = no error
1 = MFAS error
FERR
Frame Error—Ft/Fs/T1DM/FPS/FAS Pattern Error. Indicates 1 or more Ft/Fs/FPS frame bit
errors or FAS pattern errors found. Refer to Table A-1 through A-7 for a description of which
frame bits are monitored according to the selected receive framer mode.
0 = no error
1 = frame error
3-18
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
007—Counter Overflow Interrupt Status (ISR4)
All count overflow events in ISR4 are caused by rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high when the
respective error counter [addr 050–05A] reaches its maximum count value, but only while the respective IER4
[addr 00F] interrupt enable bit is active. If the corresponding interrupt is masked, no overflow status is reported.
Active overflow status bits are held until the processor read clears ISR4. Each event triggers an interrupt if the
corresponding IER4 bit is enabled.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FRED[4]
COFA[2]
SEF[2]
BERR[12]
FEBE[10]
LCV[16]
CRC[10]
FERR[12]
FRED[4]
Out of Frame Error Count Overflow
COFA[2]
Change of Alignment Count Overflow
SEF[2]
Severely Errored Frame Count Overflow
BERR[12]
Test Pattern Bit Error Count Overflow
FEBE[10]
FEBE Error Count Overflow
LCV[16]
LCV (BPV+EXZ) Error Count Overflow
CRC[10]
CRC6/CRC4 Error Count Overflow
FERR[12]
Ft/Fs/FPS/FAS Error Count Overflow
008—Timer Interrupt Status (ISR3)
All events in ISR3 are caused by rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the
processor read clears ISR3. Each event triggers an interrupt if corresponding IER3 bit is enabled [addr 010].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSIG
TMSYNC
TMF
TFRAME
RSIG
RMSYNC
RMF
RFRAME
TSIG
Transmit Signaling Multiframe—Activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF), or 2 ms
(CAS), coincident with the first bit of a transmit signaling multiframe.
0 = no timer event
1 = transmit signaling multiframe
TMSYNC
TX System Bus MF Sync—Activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF), or 2 ms (CAS),
coincident with the first bit of transmit system bus multiframe input on TPCMI.
0 = no timer event
1 = TSB multiframe
TMF
Transmit Multiframe—TMF is activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF, Ft), or 2 ms
(MFAS), coincident with the first bit of a transmit multiframe.
0 = no timer event
1 = transmit multiframe
TFRAME
Transmit Frame—Activated every 193 bits (T1) or 256 bits (E1), coincident with first bit of a
transmit frame. The processor can read TPHASE [addr ODC] to determine which TSLIP
buffer half can be accessed.
0 = no timer event
1 = transmit frame
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-19
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RSIG
Receive Signaling Stack—Indicates 1 or more signaling bit changes were detected during the
prior receive multiframe, and new ABCD (robbed bit or CAS) signaling is available on the
Receive Signaling Stack register [addr 0DA]. RSIG is cleared by processor read of ISR3,
independent of STACK contents. See also the SET_RSIG bit (addr 0D7).
0 = no stack update
1 = new ABCD signaling
RMSYNC
Receive System Bus MF Sync—Activated every 1.5 ms (SF/SLC), 3 ms (ESF), or 2 ms
(CAS), coincident with the first bit of receive system bus multiframe output on RPCMO.
0 = no timer event
1 = RSB multiframe
RMF
Receive Multiframe Boundary—Activated every 3 ms for T1 (Ft, SF, SLC, ESF), or 2 ms
(MFAS), coincident with the first bit of a received multiframe. If MFAS is not included in the
receive framer criteria, RMF is activated at 2 ms interval.
0 = no timer event
1 = receive multiframe
RFRAME
Receive Frame Boundary—Activated every 193 bits (T1) or 256 bits (E1), coincident with the
first bit of a received frame. The processor can read RPHASE [addr 0DB] to determine which
RSLIP buffer half can be accessed.
0 = no timer event
1 = receive frame
009—Data Link 1 Interrupt Status (ISR2)
All events in ISR2 are from rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the processor
read clears ISR2. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER2 bit is enabled [addr 011].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TBOP
RFULL1
RNEAR1
RMSG1
TDLERR1
TEMPTY1
TNEAR1
TMSG1
TBOP
BOP Codeword Transmitted—Set when a valid Bit Oriented Codeword has been transmitted
and a new TBOP value can be written [TBOP; addr 0A1].
RFULL1
Receive FIFO Full—In HDLC modes, RFULL is set when the data link receiver attempts to
write received data to a full FIFO causing the receive data link FIFO to overrun. In
unformatted modes (Pack6 and Pack8), RFULL is set when the receive FIFO is filled to the
MSG_FILL Limit selected in register RDL1_FFC [addr 0A7].
RNEAR1
Receive FIFO Near Full—Set when the receive FIFO fill level reaches the near full threshold
selected in register RDL1_FFC [addr 0A7].
RMSG1
Message Received—Set when a complete message or a partial message is received and
available in the receiver FIFO.
TDLERR1
Transmit FIFO Error—Set when the FIFO underruns as a result of the internal logic emptying
the FIFO without encountering an end of message [TDL1_EOM; addr 0AC]. The underrun
condition also forces transmission of an HDLC abort code.
TEMPTY1
Transmit FIFO Empty—Set when the FIFO overflows as a result of the processor attempting to
write to a full FIFO. Overflow data is ignored by the transmit FIFO.
TNEAR1
Transmit FIFO Near Empty —Set when the transmit FIFO level falls below the threshold
selected in register TDL1_FEC [addr 0AB].
TMSG1
Message Transmitted—Set when a complete message has been transmitted and the closing flag
is just beginning transmission.
3-20
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
00A—Data Link 2 Interrupt Status (ISR1)
All events in ISR1 are from rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the processor
read clears ISR1. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER1 bit is enabled [addr 012].
For Bt8370 and Bt8375
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RBOP
RFULL2
RNEAR2
RMSG2
TDLERR2
TEMPTY2
TNEAR2
TMSG2
For Bt8376
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RBOP
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RBOP
BOP Codeword Received—Set when a valid Bit Oriented Codeword is received and available
in the RBOP register [addr 0A2].
RFULL2
Receive FIFO Full—In HDLC modes, RFULL is set when the data link receiver attempts to
write received data to a full FIFO causing the receive data link FIFO to overrun. In
unformatted modes (Pack6 and Pack8), RFULL is set when the receive FIFO is filled to the
MSG_FILL limit selected in register RDL2_FFC [addr 0B2].
RNEAR2
Receive FIFO Near Full—Set when the receive FIFO fill level reaches the near full threshold
selected in register RDL2_FFC [addr 0B2].
RMSG2
Message Received—Set when a complete message or a partial message is received and
available in the receiver FIFO.
TDLERR2
Transmit FIFO Error—Set when the FIFO underruns as a result of the internal logic emptying
the FIFO without encountering an end of message [TDL2_EOM; addr 0B7]. The underrun
condition also forces transmission of an HDLC abort code.
TEMPTY2
Transmit FIFO Empty—Set when the FIFO overflows as a result of the processor attempting to
write to a full FIFO. Overflow data is ignored by the transmit FIFO.
TNEAR2
Transmit FIFO Near Empty—Set when the transmit FIFO level falls below the threshold
selected in register TDL2_FEC [addr 0B6].
TMSG2
Message Transmitted—Set when a complete message has been transmitted and the closing flag
is just beginning transmission.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-21
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.4 Interrupt Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
00B—Pattern Interrupt Status (ISR0)
All events in ISR0 are caused by rising edge sources. Each event is latched active-high and held until the
processor read clears ISR0. Each event triggers an interrupt if the corresponding IER0 bit is enabled [addr 013].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
BSLIP
PSYNC
TCERR
TSERR
TMERR
TFERR
BSLIP
Online Framer Bit Slip—Active-high. Indicates that receive online framer adjusted receive
frame sync by ±1 bit. When BSLIP occurs, the apparent FAS error is not reported elsewhere
(not to FERR count, RLOF circuit, or SEF circuit). Applicable only to receive framer modes
with BSLIP enabled (see Table 3-2, Receive Framer Modes).
0 = no error
1 = frame bit slip
PSYNC
Receive PRBS Test Pattern Sync—Forced to inactive (low) status when the processor requests
RESEED [addr 041] of the PRBS sync detector, and remains low while detector searches for
test pattern sync. PRBS bit errors [BERR; addr 058, 059] are not counted while PSYNC is
low. PSYNC remains low for a minimum of 128 bits following RESEED, and for as long as
the received bit error ratio (BER) exceeds 1E-2. PSYNC is latched active (high) and the PRBS
sync detector stops searching when no bit errors are found for a period of 96 bits. The sync
detector remains disabled until the processor requests another RESEED. Therefore, any range
of BER can be measured after initial pattern sync. The processor must determine criteria for
loss of pattern sync based on its accumulation of bit errors over the desired time interval.
0 = no sync
1 = PRBS test pattern sync
TCERR
Transmit CRC Error—Reports occurrences of CRC-6 or CRC-4 errors detected on TPCMI
data according to the selected T1/E1 mode.
0 = no error
1 = CRC error
TSERR
Transmit CAS Error—Reports occurrences of MAS pattern errors detected on TPCMI data if
CAS transmit framer mode is selected.
0 = no error
1 = CAS error
TMERR
Transmit Multiframe Error—Reports occurrences of Fs or MFAS errors detected on TPCMI
data according to the selected transmit framer mode.
0 = no error
1 = transmit multiframe error
TFERR
Transmit Frame Error—Reports occurrences of Ft, FPS, or FAS errors detected on TPCMI
data according to the selected transmit framer mode.
3-22
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
Writing a 1 to an IER bit allows that specific interrupt source to activate its respective ISR bit, the associated
IRR bit, and the INTR* output. When cleared, each IER bit allows that source to activate its respective ISR bit,
but prevents activation of the INTR* output and the associated IRR bit.
00C—Alarm 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER7)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RMYEL
RYEL
RPDV
RAIS
RALOS
RLOS
RLOF
SIGFRZ
RMYEL
Enable RMYEL Interrupt
RYEL
Enable RYEL Interrupt
RPDV
Enable RPDV Interrupt
RAIS
Enable RAIS Interrupt
RALOS
Enable RALOS or RLOC Interrupt
RLOS
Enable RLOS Interrupt
RLOF
Enable RLOF Interrupt
SIGFRZ
Enable SIGFRZ Interrupt
00D—Alarm 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER6)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LOOPDN
LOOPUP
TPDV
TSHORT
TLOC
—
TLOF
ONESEC
LOOPDN
Enable LOOPDN Interrupt
LOOPUP
Enable LOOPUP Interrupt
TPDV
Enable TPDV Interrupt
TSHORT
Enable TSHORT Interrupt
TLOC
Enable TLOC Interrupt
TLOF
Enable TLOF Interrupt
ONESEC
Enable ONESEC Interrupt
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-23
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
00E—Error Interrupt Enable Register (IER5)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSLIP
RSLIP
CKERR
JERR
CERR
SERR
MERR
FERR
TSLIP
Enable TSLIP Interrupt
RSLIP
Enable RSLIP Interrupt
CKERR
Enable CKERR Interrupt
JERR
Enable JERR Interrupt
CERR
Enable CERR Interrupt
SERR
Enable SERR Interrupt
MERR
Enable MERR Interrupt
FERR
Enable FERR Interrupt
00F—Count Overflow Interrupt Enable Register (IER4)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LOF
COFA
SEF
BERR
FEBE
LCV
CRC
FERR
LOF
Enable LOF Count Overflow Interrupt
COFA
Enable COFA Count Overflow Interrupt
SEF
Enable SEF Count Overflow Interrupt
BERR
Enable BERR Count Overflow Interrupt
FEBE
Enable FEBE Count Overflow Interrupt
LCV
Enable LCV Count Overflow Interrupt
CRC
Enable CRC Count Overflow Interrupt
FERR
Enable FERR Count Overflow Interrupt
Table 3-4. Counter Overflow Behavior
3-24
IER4
LATCH_CNT
Count (addr 050–05A)
Addr 00F
Addr 046
Saturate
Latch
Clear
Active
0
0
Hold all 1s
hi @rd_LSB
hi @rd_MSB
None
1
0
Rollover
hi @rd_LSB
hi @rd_MSB
@rollover
0
1
Hold all 1s
onesec
None
None
1
1
Rollover
onesec
none
@rollover
Conexant
INTR*
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
010—Timer Interrupt Enable Register (IER3)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSIG
TMSYNC
TMF
TFRAME
RSIG
RMSYNC
RMF
RFRAME
TSIG
Enable TSIG Interrupt
TMSYNC
Enable TMSYNC Interrupt
TMF
Enable TMF Interrupt
TFRAME
Enable TFRAME Interrupt
RSIG
Enable RSIG Interrupt
RMSYNC
Enable RMSYNC Interrupt
RMF
Enable RMF Interrupt
RFRAME
Enable RFRAME Interrupt
011—Data Link 1 Interrupt Enable Register (IER2)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TBOP
RFULL1
RNEAR1
RMSG1
TDLERR1
TEMPTY1
TNEAR1
TMSG1
TBOP
Enable TBOP Interrupt
RFULL1
Enable RFULL Interrupt
RNEAR1
Enable RNEAR Interrupt
RMSG1
Enable RMSG Interrupt
TDLERR1
Enable TDLERR Interrupt
TEMPTY1
Enable TEMPTY Interrupt
TNEAR1
Enable TNEAR Interrupt
TMSG1
Enable TMSG Interrupt
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-25
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.5 Interrupt Enable Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
012—Data Link 2 Interrupt Enable Register (IER1)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RBOP
RFULL2
RNEAR2
RMSG2
TDLERR2
TEMPTY2
TNEAR2
TMSG2
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RBOP
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
RBOP
Enable RBOP Interrupt
RFULL2
Enable RFULL Interrupt
RNEAR2
Enable RNEAR Interrupt
RMSG2
Enable RMSG Interrupt
TDLERR2
Enable TDLERR Interrupt
TEMPTY2
Enable TEMPTY Interrupt
TNEAR2
Enable TNEAR Interrupt
TMSG2
Enable TMSG Interrupt
013—Pattern Interrupt Enable Register (IER0)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
BSLIP
PSYNC
TCERR
TSERR
TMERR
TFERR
BSLIP
Enable BSLIP Interrupt
PSYNC
Enable PSYNC Interrupt
TCERR
Enable TCERR Interrupt
TSERR
Enable TSERR Interrupt
TMERR
Enable TMERR Interrupt
TFERR
Enable TFERR Interrupt
3-26
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
014—Loopback Configuration Register (LOOP)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
PLOOP
LLOOP
FLOOP
ALOOP
PLOOP
Enable Remote Payload Loopback—Payload from the receiver replaces the payload on
transmitter output. The loopback payload retains the time slot and frame integrity, so
numbered time slots from each receive frame transfer to same numbered time slots in the
transmit frame. Transmit overhead bits—F-bits in T1 mode or TS0 in E1 mode—are supplied
by the transmit frame formatter or the transmit system bus, according to TFRM [addr 072]
settings. Existing transmit frame alignment and clock timing is not altered by PLOOP
activation or deactivation, allowing system operation with independent receive and transmit
timing. Controlled frame slips are performed in the payload loopback path if the receive and
transmit clocks are asynchronous, although these slips are not reported to the processor as slip
buffer errors. Multiframe integrity is not maintained during PLOOP; therefore, DS0 channel
loopbacks [TPCn; addr 100–11F] must be used to implement payload loopbacks when
transparent or forced signaling is desired. PLOOP does not override by the transmit
per-channel selections (TPCn).
0 = no loopback
1 = payload loopback
LLOOP
Enable Remote Line Loopback—Dual-rail unipolar data from RLIU (or RJAT) is internally
connected to TLIU. The recovered clock from RPLL (or JCLK from RJAT) is internally
connected to the transmitter. Loopback data retains BPV transparency. Data input from the
transmit system bus continues to pass through the transmitter, but is ignored at ZCS encoder
outputs. Data passage from RLIU block to RSB block is unaffected. LLOOP and FLOOP can
be simultaneously active to support line and network loopbacks simultaneously.
0 = no loopback
1 = line loopback
FLOOP
Enable Local Framer Loopback—Dual-rail unipolar data from the transmit ZCS encoder is
internally connected to receive ZCS decoder inputs. The signals from the transmit clock input
(TCKI) is internally connected to the receive clock output (RCKO). Externally applied data on
RTIP/RRING inputs is ignored. XTIP/XRING output data is unaffected. If RCKO is selected
as the TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A], an alternate transmit clock source must be
provided when this loopback is activated. Possible configurations include selecting the TCKI
pin or CLADO as the transmit clock source, or programming the JAT in the transmit direction
and setting JFREE to enable the free-running 10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register; addr 002].
0 = no loopback
1 = framer loopback
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-27
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Enable Local Analog Loopback—Bipolar data from XTIP/XRING is internally connected to
RTIP/RRING inputs. Externally applied data on RTIP/RRING inputs is ignored.
XTIP/XRING output data is unaffected. After ALOOP activation or deactivation, the
processor must reset the receive line interface [RST_LIU; addr 020]. If RCKO is selected as
the TCKI clock source [CMUX; addr 01A], an alternate transmit clock source must be
provided when this loopback is activated. Possible configurations include selecting the TCKI
pin or CLADO as the transmit clock source, or programming the JAT in the transmit direction
and setting JFREE to enable the free-running 10 MHz reference [JAT_CR register; addr 002].
0 = no loopback
1 = analog loopback
ALOOP
015—External Data Link Time Slot (DL3_TS)
DL3_TS works in conjunction with the DL3_BIT register [addr 016] to determine which transmit time slots are
supplied from the TDLI pin, and which receive and transmit time slots are accompanied by a gated RDLCKO
and TDLCKO output. (Refer to Figure 2-29, Transmit External Data Link Waveforms, Transmit External Data
Link Waveforms). RDLO outputs the entire receive data bit stream, and only selective digits are marked by
RDLCKO.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DL3EN
FS[1]
FS[0]
TS[4]
TS[3]
TS[2]
TS[1]
TS[0]
DL3EN
Enable External Data Link—Active-high enables data insertion from TDLI and enables clock
gating on TDLCKO and RDLCKO outputs according to the selected external data link mode.
NOTE:
FS[1:0]
PIO [addr 018] must select TDL_IO and/or RDL_IO to enable external data link
signals. Bits 5 and 6 must be written to 1s for the External Data Link to operate
correctly.
0 = external data link pins inactive
1 = TDLI/TDLCKO and RDLO/RDLCKO active
External Data Link Frame Select—The External data link can be programmed to source and
sink data bits during all frames, odd frames, or even frames. FS[1:0] controls gating of
RDLCKO and TDLCKO external data link clocks.
FS[1:0]
3-28
Frame Select (T1 Mode)
00
None. Equivalent to disabling external data link.
01
Odd frames only: Frames 1, 3, 5, etc.
10
Even frames only: Frames 2, 4, 6, etc.
11
All frames.
FS[1:0]
Frame Select (E1 Mode)
00
None. Equivalent to disabling external data link.
01
Even frames only: Frames 0, 2, 4, 6, etc.
10
Odd frames only: Frames 1, 3, 5, etc.
11
All frames.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
External Data LinkTime Slot Select—Picks 1 8-bit time slot for input and output over the
external data link pins. Any time slot can be chosen from TS0 to TS31 in E1 mode or TS1 to
TS24 in T1 mode. In T1 mode, TS25 selects F-bits instead of a channel time slot.
TS[4:0]
00000
00001
|
11110
11111
Time slot 0
Time slot 1
|
Time slot 30
Time slot 31
016—External Data Link Bit (DL3_BIT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DL3_BIT[7]
DL3_BIT[6]
DL3_BIT[5]
DL3_BIT[4]
DL3_BIT[3]
DL3_BIT[2]
DL3_BIT[1]
DL3_BIT[0]
DL3_BIT[7:0]
External Data Link Bit Select—Enables receive (RDLCKO) and transmit (TDLCKO) clock
pulse outputs during selected time slot bits. DL3_BIT works in conjunction with the DL3_TS
register [addr 015] to select any combination of bits for input and output on the external data
link pins by writing the corresponding DL3_BIT active (high). LSB enables clock pulses
coincident with the first bit transmitted or received. The full T1/E1 data stream is output on
RDLO as long as the RDL_IO bit [addr 018] is active, regardless of which bits are
accompanied by RDLCKO clock pulses. The selected transmit data link bits are sampled from
the TDLI pin on the falling edge of TDLCKO to replace normal transmitted data. DL3_BIT
must be set to 0x01 when DL3_TS selects T1 F-bits.
0 = disable DL3 bit
1 = enable DL3 bit
017—Offline Framer Status (FSTAT)
Bt8370/8375/8376 contains a single offline framer that serves as a shared resource for both receive and transmit
channels. Because current alignment status for receive and transmit channels is reported separately in Alarm
Status registers (ALM1, ALM2; addr 047, 048), FSTAT is used primarily for diagnostic purposes to monitor the
progress of an alignment search, or to verify acknowledgment of a processor-generated forced reframe request.
These status bits can only be reported for a very short period of time (i.e., 1 clock cycle), because the RLOF and
TLOF reframe requests can immediately request another offline framer search.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
INVALID
FOUND
TIMEOUT
ACTIVE
RX/TXN
INVALID
N8370DSE
No Candidate—Active-high at the conclusion of a search during which no frame alignment
candidates were located.
0 = search active, aborted, timed out, or found
1 = alignment not found (no candidate).
Conexant
3-29
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
FOUND
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Frame Search Successful—Active-high indicates the offline framer located the frame
alignment according to the selected receive or transmit framer mode. Refer to Table 3-5 for
maximum average reframe time.
Upon detection of frame alignment, the following occurs:
• FOUND goes active-high
• RLOF or TLOF is cleared by the online framer, depending on RX/TX direction
• the offline framer goes inactive, if no pending reframe requests exist
• the RX, TX, or TSB timebase is realigned, depending on the RX/TX direction and the
embedded framing mode.
If the reframe pulse causes the receive timebase to align to a position that differs from its
existing alignment, the change of frame alignment error counter [COFA; addr 05A]
increments. Changes of the transmit frame alignment are not detected.
NOTE:
In E1 receive framer modes, the offline framer also reports intermediate FRED,
MRED, and SRED status [ALM3; addr 049] while searching for FAS, MFAS, and
CAS alignment, respectively.
0 = no candidate; search active, aborted, or timed out
1 = frame alignment found (1 and only 1 candidate)
Table 3-5. Maximum Average Reframe Time (MART) and Framer Timeout
Framer Mode
MART
TIMEOUT (addr 017)
Ft
3.5 ms
12 ms ±1 bit
Ft + T1DM
1.0 ms
12 ms ±1 bit
SF
3.5 ms
12 ms ±1 bit
SF + JYEL
4.5 ms
12 ms ±1 bit
SF + TIDM
2.0 ms
12 ms ±1 bit
SLC
15.0 ms
24 ms ±1 bit
ESF
10.0 ms
24 ms ±1 bit
ESF + CRC
15.0 ms
24 ms ±1 bit
ESF + MIMIC
15.0 ms
24 ms ±1 bit
FAS
0.5 ms
8 ms ±125 µs
CAS
2.0 ms
8 ms ±125 µs
MFAS
10.0 ms
8 ms ±125 µs
NOTE(S): MART is defined (per Bellcore TA-0278) as the difference between the time that
known good pseudo-random DS1 input is applied, and the time that a valid DS0 signal is
observed at the output.
3-30
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TIMEOUT
Framer Search Timeout—Cleared when the offline framer transitions to its ACTIVE state. If
multiple frame candidates exist over the entire mode-dependent timeout interval (refer to
Table 3-5), TIMEOUT is latched active-high. Processor-generated reframe requests (RFORCE
or TFORCE) initiate a single search that extends to a maximum of 24 ms before TIMEOUT.
After reporting TIMEOUT, the offline framer begins another search if the reframe request
(RLOF or TLOF) is active.
0 = no candidate; search active, aborted, or found
1 = framer search timeout (multiple candidates)
ACTIVE
Framer Active—Offline framer transitions to its ACTIVE state in response to an RFORCE or
TFORCE reframe request from the processor, or in response to an RLOF or TLOF reframe
request from the online framer.
The offline framer remains ACTIVE until any of the following occurs:
• alignment is found (FOUND)
• the search is aborted [see RABORT; addr 040, or TABORT; addr 071]
• the search reaches its timeout interval (TIMEOUT)
• all possible frame candidates are eliminated (INVALID)
NOTE:
RX/TXN
N8370DSE
RFORCE or TFORCE does not change the current RLOF or TLOF status. RFORCE
or TFORCE is cleared by the framer transition to ACTIVE.
0 = offline framer inactive; search completed, aborted or timed out
1 = offline framer actively searching for alignment.
RX/TX Reframe Operation—Indicates which direction the offline framer is actively searching
or most recently searched for frame alignment. RX/TXN status is updated when the offline
framer transitions to its ACTIVE state in response to a reframe request.
0 = search data from Transmit System Bus PCM Input (TPCMI)
1 = search data from receive line interface unit.
Conexant
3-31
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
018—Programmable Input/Output (PIO)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ONESEC_IO
RDL_IO
TDL_IO
INDY_IO
RFSYNC_IO
RMSYNC_IO
TFSYNC_IO
TMSYNC_IO
ONESEC_IO
Bidirectional ONESEC Input/Output mode—Selects input or output mode for ONESEC signal
pin, and controls the internal timer interval used for 1-second status latching [LATCH; addr
046]. When ONESEC is an output, the JAT reference clock [JCLK; addr 002] develops the
1-second timer interval output, with an arbitrarily defined initial starting location. When
ONESEC is an input, the timer/latch interval is aligned to the rising edge of ONESEC input.
The system can apply ONESEC input to define any length timer/latch interval up to but not
greater than 1-second.
0 = ONESEC input
1 = ONESEC output
RDL_IO
Enable Receive Data Link—Selects which signals are present on bi-modal RNEGO/RDLCKO
and RPOSO/RDLO pins. When active, receive data link pins RDLCKO and RDLO are
enabled [see also DL3EN; addr 015]; otherwise, dual-rail RLIU data is output on RNEGO and
RPOSO pins.
0 = RNEGO and RPOSO
1 = RDLCKO and RDLO
TDL_IO
Enable Transmit Data Link—Selects which signals are present on bi-modal TNEGI/TDLCKO
and TPOSI/TDLI pins. When active, transmit data link pins TDLCKO and TDLI are enabled
[see also DL3EN; addr 015]; otherwise, TLIU data is supplied by the dual-rail TNEGI and
TPOSI inputs.
0 = TNEGI and TPOSI signals
1 = TDLCKO and TDLI signals
NOTE:
INDY_IO
3-32
TDL_IO must be programmed to 1 to enable data output from the transmit frame
formatter.
Enable Time Slot Indicators—Selects which signals are present on bi-modal TNEGO/RINDO
and TPOSO/TINDO pins. When active, system bus time slot indicators RINDO and TINDO
are enabled (see also [SBCn; addr 0E0–0FF]); otherwise, dual-rail TLIU data is output on
TNEGO and TPOSO pins.
0 = TNEGO and TPOSO
1 = RINDO and TINDO
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RFSYNC_IO
Bidirectional RFSYNC Input/Output mode—Refer to system bus sync mode summary in
Tables 3-6 and 3-8. When RFSYNC is an input, its low-to-high transition aligns the RSB
timebase to the programmed RSB.OFFSET. Refer to RSYNC_BIT, RSYNC_TS and
RSYNC_FRM offset registers [addr 0D2, 0D3, and 0D8] for a complete description of the
RSB sync bit, time slot, and frame offset. Once aligned, the RSB timebase internally flywheels
at 125 µs interval (8 kHz) until a new RFSYNC pulse is applied. When RFSYNC is
programmed as an output, it operates continuously at 8 kHz frame rate, marking RSB sync bits
and time slot offset position of each frame. Initial RFSYNC alignment and subsequent
realignment depends RSB mode [RSBI; addr 0D1] and RSB manual center [RSB_CTR; addr
0D1]. RFSYNC must be programmed as an output when RSLIP is in Bypass mode or Elastic
mode. RFSYNC and RMSYNC are supplied either by RSB timebase (output) or receive
system bus (input) at a programmable RSB sync bit offset, time slot location, and frame offset
location.
0 = RFSYNC input
1 = RFSYNC output
RMSYNC_IO
Bidirectional RMSYNC Input/Output mode—Refer to system bus sync mode summary in
Tables 3-6 and 3-8. When RMSYNC is an input, its low-to-high transition aligns RSB
timebase to the programmed RSB.OFFSET. Once aligned, RSB timebase internally flywheels
at 3 ms (T1) or at 2 ms (E1) intervals until a new RMSYNC pulse is applied.
When RMSYNC is an output, it operates continuously at a 6 ms rate (every second
multiframe for T1 or every third for E1), marking the RSB.OFFSET position. Initial
RMSYNC alignment and subsequent realignment depends on RSB mode [RSBI; addr 0D1]
and RSB manual center [RSB_CTR; addr 0D1]. RMSYNC must be programmed as an output
when RSLIP is in Bypass mode or Elastic mode. THRU bit must be set [THRU; addr 0D7]
when RMSYNC is programmed as an output. RMSYNC input signal must always coincide
with RFSYNC.
0 = RMSYNC input
1 = RMSYNC output
TFSYNC_IO
Bidirectional TFSYNC Input/Output mode—TFSYNC_IO programming depends on transmit
framer and system bus modes, as shown in Tables 3-6 and 3-7.
0 = TFSYNC input
1 = TFSYNC output
TMSYNC_IO
Bidirectional TMSYNC Input/Output mode—TMSYNC_IO programming depends on
transmit framer and system bus modes, as shown in Tables 3-6 and 3-7.
0 = TMSYNC input
1 = TMSYNC output
Table 3-6. System Bus Sync Mode Summary
FSYNC
MSYNC
IN
IN
IN
IN-GND
SBI supplies 8 kHz frame alignment. Multiframe alignment is arbitrary and MSYNC is
unused.
IN
OUT
SBI supplies 8 kHz frame alignment. Multiframe alignment is supplied by the framer.
IN-GND
OUT
Framer supplies multiframe alignment. FSYNC is unused.
OUT
IN
OUT
OUT
N8370DSE
SBI Alignment Mode
SBI supplies multiframe and 8 kHz frame alignment. FSYNC must be aligned with
MSYNC if both are provided.
SBI supplies multiframe and frame alignment.
Framer supplies frame and multiframe alignment.
Conexant
3-33
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-7. Common TFSYNC and TMSYNC Configurations
Conditions
TFSYNC
TMSYNC
Explanation
Transmit framer disabled.
(TABORT = 1)
IN
IN
TSB timebase slaved to system bus TFSYNC or TMSYNC.
IN-GND
IN
TSB timebase slaved to system bus TMSYNC. TFSYNC is unused.
IN
IN-GND
TSB timebase slaved to system bus TFSYNC. TMSYNC is unused
and multiframe alignment is arbitrary.
IN
OUT
SB timebase slaved to system bus TFSYNC. TMSYNC alignment is
arbitrary.
OUT
OUT
TSB timebase alignment is arbitrary.
OUT
IN
TSB timebase slaved to system bus TMSYNC. TFSYNC aligns to
TMSYNC input.
Transmit framer enabled to
search TPCMI for
embedded framing.
(EMBED = 0, TABORT = 0)
OUT
OUT
TSB timebase is aligned to embedded framing on TPCMI. TPCMI
must be configured to line rate for this case.
Transmit framer enabled to
search TNRZ (after TSLIP
buffer) for embedded
framing. (EMBED = 1,
TABORT = 0)
OUT
IN-GND
TSB timebase is aligned to embedded framing on TNRZ data.
TMSYNC is unused. TPCMI may be configured for 1,544 kbps or a
multiple of 2,048 kbps.
Table 3-8. Common RFSYNC and RMSYNC Configurations
Conditions
THRU = 0 [RSIG_CR;
addr 0D7]
THRU = 1 [RSIG_CR;
addr 0D7]
3-34
RFSYNC
RMSYNC
Explanation
IN
IN
IN
OUT
RSB timebase slaved to system bus RFSYNC. RMSYNC alignment
is arbitrary.
OUT
IN
RSB timebase slaved to system bus RMSYNC. RFSYNC aligns to
TMSYNC input.
OUT
OUT
RFSYNC and RMSYNC alignment is arbitrary.
IN
OUT
RSB timebase slaved to system bus RFSYNC. RMSYNC is aligned
with the RX timebase and can follow a change of RX multiframe
alignment without generating an alarm indication.
OUT
OUT
RMSYNC is aligned with the RX timebase and can follow a change
of RX multiframe alignment without generating an alarm
indication. RFSYNC is aligned to RMSYNC.
RSB timebase slaved to system bus RFSYNC or RMSYNC.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
019—Programmable Output Enable (POE)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
TDL_OE
RDL_OE
INDY_OE
TCKO_OE
CLADO_OE
RCKO_OE
TDL_OE
TDLCKO Output Buffer Control—When enabled, TDLCKO is output according to DL3_TS
and DL3_BIT [addr 015, 016]. Note that TDL_IO [addr 018] overrides TDL_OE when
TNEGI/TDLCKO pin is configured as an input.
0 = TDLCKO output enabled
1 = TDLCKO output three-stated
RDL_OE
RNEGO/RDLCKO and RPOSO/RDLO Output Buffer Control—When enabled, both
bi-modal signals are output by their respective internal circuits; otherwise, both outputs are
placed in high impedance state.
0 = RNEGO/RDLCKO and RPOSO/RDLO outputs enabled
1 = RNEGO/RDLCKO and RPOSO/RDLO outputs three-stated
INDY_OE
TNEGO/RINDO and TPOSO/TINDO Output Buffer Control—When enabled, both bi-modal
signals are output by their respective internal circuits; otherwise, both outputs are forced into
high impedance state.
0 = TNEGO/RINDO and TPOSO/TINDO outputs enabled
1 = TNEGO/RINDO and TPOSO/TINDO outputs three-stated
TCKO_OE
TCKO Output Buffer Control—Allows the system to connect multiple devices to a common
clock bus by providing programmable three-state control over the TCKO output buffer.
0 = TCKO output enabled
1 = TCKO output three-stated
CLADO_OE
CLADO Output Buffer Control—Allows the system to connect multiple devices to a common
clock bus by providing programmable three-state control over the CLADO output buffer. On
the Bt8376 device, enabling the CLADO output forces a low on the CLADO pin.
0 = CLADO output enabled
1 = CLADO output three-stated
RCKO_OE
RCKO Output Buffer Control—Allows the system to connect multiple devices to a common
clock bus by providing programmable three-state control over the RCKO output buffer.
0 = RCKO output enabled
1 = RCKO output three-stated
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-35
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
01A—Clock Input Mux (CMUX)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSBCKI[1]
RSBCKI[0]
TSBCKI[1]
TSBCKI[0]
CLADI[1]
CLADI[0]
TCKI[1]
TCKI[0]
RSBCKI[1:0]
TSBCKI[1:0]
CLADI[1:0]
3-36
RSBCKI Source Select—The internal clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals for application
to the RSB timebase. RSBCKI input pin is ignored when a clock source other than RSBCKI is
selected.
RSBCKI[1:0]
RSBCKI
Source
Notes
00
RSBCKI
Pin
Normal RSB timebase
01
TSBCKI
Pin
RSB slaved to TSB
10
CLADI
Pin
RSB slaved to CLAD input pin
11
CLADO
Internal CLAD (before output
buffer).
TSBCKI Source Select—The internal clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals for application
to the TSB timebase. TSBCKI input pin is ignored when a clock source other than TSBCKI is
selected. If TSLIP is bypassed [TSB_CR; addr 0D4], TSBCKI is not used, and the transmit
data on TPCMI must be aligned with the TCKI source selected below.
TSBCKI[1:0]
TSBCKI
Source
Notes
00
TSBCKI
Pin
Normal TSB timebase
01
RSBCKI
Pin
TSB slaved to RSB
10
CLADI
Pin
TSB slaved to CLAD input
11
CLADO
XX
none
Internal CLAD (before output
buffer).
When TSLIP is bypassed
CLADI Source Select—The internal clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals. The selected
clock signal acts as a CLAD input timing reference when the CLAD is enabled [CEN; addr
090]. CLADI input pin is ignored whenever a clock source other than CLADI is selected.
CLADI[1:0]
CLADI
Source
00
CLADI
01
RCKO
10
TSBCKI
Pin
CLAD slaved to TSB
11
TCKI
Pin
CLAD slaved to transmit
Conexant
Notes
Pin
Normal CLAD input timing
Internal RCKO (before output
buffer).
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.0 Registers
3.6 Primary Control and Status Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TCKI[1:0]
TCKI Source Select—The internal transmit clock mux selects 1 of four clock signals. The
selected clock signal is applied to the transmit clock monitor and is a timing reference for the
digital transmitter block. This clock signal must operate at the T1/E1 line rate. If TJAT is
disabled [JDIR; addr 002], the selected clock signal also appears on TCKO pin. TCKI input
pin is ignored when a clock source other than TCKI is selected.
TCKO follows TCKI during NRZ mode (framer mode only). NRZ mode is detected when
TNRZ bit in TCR1 register [addr 071] is set and TPOSO/TNEGO/TCKO outputs are selected
and enabled. Otherwise, during normal mode (integrated LIU and framer) TCKO follows
JCLK if JAT is enabled in the Transmit direction. TCKO follows TCKI if the JAT is either in
the receiver or is disabled.
TCKI[1:0]
TCKI Source
00
TCKI
01
RCKO
10
RSBCKI
11
CLADO
Notes
Pin
Normal transmit (With TSLIP)
Internal RCKO (before output
buffer)
Pin
Transmit slaved to RSB
Internal CLAD (before output
buffer).
01B—Test Mux Configuration (TMUX)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
TMUX[5]
TMUX[4]
TMUX[3]
TMUX[2]
TMUX[1]
TMUX[0]
TMUX[5:0]
Test Mux Configuration—Reserved for CONEXANT production test.
01C—Test Configuration (TEST)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
TEST[1]
TEST[0]
TEST
N8370DSE
Global Test Enable—Reserved for CONEXANT production test.
Conexant
3-37
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
Table 3-9 details receiver LIU register settings for some typical applications. The sensitivity range values
shown are the minimum range of receive signal levels for which the receiver recovers data error-free. The
RALOS detect range lists the range of receive signal levels for which Analog Loss of Signal (RALOS) is
declared after 1 msec. The RLOS detect threshold shows the number of continuously received zeros that cause a
receiver loss of signal condition. For example, for E1 I.431 applications, the receiver declares an RALOS
condition when the receive signal level is –20 dB or less. For E1 G.775 applications, an RLOS condition is
declared if the received signal level remains less than –24 dB for 32 bit periods.
Table 3-9. Receive LIU Register Settings versus Application
Receiver LIU Register Configurations
LIU_CR(Addr 020)
RLIU_CR (addr 022)
VGA_MAX (addr 024)
DSLICE (addr 027)(1)
EQ_OUT (addr 028)(1)
PRE_EQ (addr 02A)
I.431(2)
0 to –6 dB
–6 to –20 dB
––
0x41
0xB1
0x1D
0xBA
0xDA
0xA6
G.775(2)
0 to –6 dB
–9 to –35 dB
32 @–24 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x1D
0xBA
0xDA
0xA6
Long Range
0 to –34 dB
< –43 dB
32 @–43 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x34
0xBA
0xDA
0xA6
Extended Range
–20 to –48 dB
< –48 dB
32 @–48 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x3F
0xBA
0xDA
0xE6
G.775(2)
0 to –6 dB
–9 to –35 dB
100 @–24 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x1D
0xBA
0xDA
0xA6
T1.403,
PA62411
0 to –16.5 dB
––
100 @–30 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x21
0xBA
0xDA
0xA6
I.431
0 to –18 dB
–18 to –30 dB
100 @–30 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x21
0xBA
0xDA
0xA6
Long Range
0 to –34 dB
< –43 dB
100 @–43 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x34
0xBA
0xDA
0xA6
Extended Range
–20 to –48 dB
< –48 dB
100 @–48 dB
0x41
0xB1
0x3F
0xBA
0xDA
0xE6
E1 Modes
Application
T1 Modes
RLOS Detect
Threshold
(No. of
Continuously
Received
Zeros)
Sensitivity
Range
RALOS Detect
Range
NOTE(S):
(1)
(2)
Default value.
Register values shown for short-haul applications are also applicable for the Bt8375 and Bt8376 devices.
3-38
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
020—LIU Configuration (LIU_CR)
NOTE:
Bits 0 and 1 are reserved and should be written to the values shown.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RST_LIU
SQUELCH
FORCE_VGA
RDIGI
ATTN[1]
ATTN[0]
0
1
RST_LIU
Reset RLIU—Writing a 1 to RST_LIU resets the RLIU, reinitializes the receive equalizer, and
re-attempts signal acquisition. The processor must reset the RLIU after changing ATTN, or
after changing equalizer coefficients [EQ_DAT; addr 025]. Optionally, it can be reset in
response to an extended alarm condition.
0 = normal
1 = reset RLIU (self clears)
SQUELCH
Enable Squelch—Data slicer outputs from RLIU are forced to 0 until EYEOPEN [addr 021] =
1. SQUELCH is useful for long haul applications when near-end crosstalk may be of sufficient
magnitude to prevent accurate loss of signal detection.
0 = no effect
1 = squelch data slicer output
FORCE_VGA
FORCE VGA—Internal Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) is set to equal the value programmed
in VGA_MAX register (addr 024). This bit is used for test purposes only.
0 = normal operation
1 = force VGA to VGA_MAX (test mode only)
RDIGI
Enable Receive Digital Inputs—When set, RDIGI bypasses RLIU and enables
RPOSI/RNEGI/RCKI inputs provided by an external line interface; otherwise, bipolar
RTIP/RRING inputs are enabled, RCKI input is ignored, and RPLL recovers the received
clock.
0 = RTIP/RRING inputs enabled
1 = RPOSI/RNEGI/RCKI inputs enabled
ATTN[1:0]
Bridge Attenuation—The receive equalizer can automatically compensate for signal level
attenuation caused by placement of bridge resistors in series with the normal receive
termination resistance. Bridge compensation scales the equalizer coefficients because they are
loaded from internal ROM; therefore, any change to the ATTN setting must be followed by an
RLIU reset command (RST_LIU).
N8370DSE
ATTN
Bridge Attenuation
Bridge Resistance
00
0 dB
None
01
–10 dB
300 Ω
10
–20 dB
1000 Ω
11
–30 dB
1500 Ω
Conexant
3-39
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
021—Receive LIU Status (RSTAT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CPDERR
JMPTY
ZCSUB
EXZ
BPV
—
EYEOPEN
PRE_EQ
CPDERR
CLAD Phase Detector Error—Indicates the CLAD phase detector has lost lock with respect to
the selected CLADI reference clock.
JMPTY
JAT Empty/Full—Indicates whether the elastic store is within two unit intervals of being
empty or two unit intervals of being full. JMPTY is not updated (holds its prior value) until the
elastic store is within two unit intervals of its limit. The processor reads JMPTY and CPDERR
to determine what event caused JERR or CKERR [addr 006].
ZCSUB
EXZ
3-40
JMPTY
JERR
JAT Status
X
0
No error
0
1
JAT Overflow
1
1
JAT Underrun
Zero Code Substitution—Indicates one or more B8ZS/HDB3 substitution patterns have been
detected on receiver input data, depending on T1/E1N [addr 001] line rate selection. ZCSUB is
reported, regardless of whether or not ZCS decoding is enabled [RAMI; addr 040]. ZCSUB is
latched active high upon detection of the first ZCS pattern, and the active high hold interval is
defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046].
ZCSUB
T1/E1N
ZCSUB Status
0
X
No ZCS patterns detected
1
0
HDB3 pattern detected
1
1
B8ZS pattern detected
Excessive Zeros—Reports one or more long strings of 0s detected on RTIP/RRING data
inputs. Depending on bits RZCS [addr 040] and T1/E1N [addr 001], occurrences of 8, 10, or
16 consecutive zeros are detected. EXZ is latched active high upon detection of the first error.
The active high hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. If EXZ_LCV [addr 045]
is enabled, EXZ errors are also accumulated in LCV count [addr 054, 055].
EXZ
T1/E1N
RZCS
0
X
X
No error
1
0
X
10 consecutive 0s
1
1
0
16 consecutive 0s
1
1
1
8 consecutive 0s
Conexant
EXZ Status
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Bipolar Violation—Reports one or more bipolar violations detected on RTIP/RRING data
inputs. Depending on RZCS [addr 040], the BPV may include bipolar violations received as
part of a B8ZS or HDB3 0 code substitution. Detection of BPV or LCV errors can be selected,
regardless of whether or not receive ZCS decoding is enabled [RAMI; addr 040]. BPV is
latched active high upon detection of the first error. The active high hold interval is defined by
LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. BPV errors are also accumulated in LCV count [addr 054, 055].
BPV
BPV
T1/E1N
RZCS
BPV Status
0
X
X
No error
1
0
0
All BPVs, including HDB3 coded BPV
1
0
1
Code violation per ITU 0.162 (two consecutive BPVs of
same polarity)
1
1
0
All BPVs, including B8ZS coded BPV
1
1
1
Only BPVs that are not part of B8ZS
EYEOPEN
Equalization State—EYE OPEN indicates the real-time status of RLIU adaptive equalizer, and
is intended only for diagnostic testing. Remains active as long as a valid receive AMI signal is
present on RTIP/RRING. When SQUELCH [addr 020] is enabled and EYEOPEN status is 0,
RLIU data outputs are forced to 0.
0= Indicates the received signal is not valid.
1= Indicates the received signal is valid and the RPLL is locked.
PRE_EQ
Pre-Equalizer status. Indicates whether the pre-equalizer is enabled (on) or disabled (off).
0= PRE_EQ is off
1= PRE_EQ is on
See PRE_EQ register [addr 02A]
022—Receive LIU Configuration (RLIU_CR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FRZ_SHORT
HI_CSLICE
AGC[1]
AGC[0]
EQ_FRZ
OOR_BLOCK
RLB0
LONG_EYE
FRZ_SHORT
Freeze equalizer for short lines—When set, the equalizer is not updated when the received
signal is approximately –15 dB or larger.
0 = equalizer updates for all lines
1 = enable equalizer freezing if short line
HI_CSLICE
High Clock Slicer Threshold.
0 = normal operation
AGC[1:0]
AGC Observation Window—Set to 0x11 for normal operation. Determines the period, in bit
times, for Automatic Gain Control updates.
00 = 32 bits
01 = 128 bits
10 = 512 bits
11 = 2048 bits
EQ_FRZ
Freeze EQ Coefficients.
0 = normal operation, equalizer always updates depending on
FRZ_SHORT setting
1 = freeze coefficients, equalizer does not update. Does not affect AGC
operation
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-41
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
OOR_BLOCK
Disable Automatic RLBO—When active, automatic RLBO switching is disabled when the
ADC is out of range.
0 = normal operation
1 = disable RLBO switching
RLB0
Receiver Line Build Out—Enables receive signal attenuation.
0 = RLBO forced off (normal operation)
1 = enable automatic RLBO
LONG_EYE
Eye Open Timeout
0 = 4096 bit timeout
1 = 8192 bit timeout (normal operation)
023—RPLL Low Pass Filter (LPF)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
LPF[6]
LPF[5]
LPF[4]
LPF[3]
LPF[2]
LPF[1]
LPF[0]
LPF[6:0]
RPLL Low Pass Filter Gain—Reserved for CONEXANT Production test. Determines clock
recovery RPLL input jitter tolerance and the worst case signal acquisition time. The initial
default value is optimized for maximum input jitter tolerance.
024—Variable Gain Amplifier Maximum (VGA_MAX)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
VGA_MAX[5]
VGA_MAX[4]
VGA_MAX[3]
VGA_MAX[2]
VGA_MAX[1]
VGA_MAX[0]
VGA_MAX[5:0]
VGA Maximum—The processor can limit receiver sensitivity by programming the maximum
allowable input signal gain into the VGA_MAX register. This option is used for short and
medium haul interfaces that must declare loss of signal when the receive level falls below a
certain level. The default value is 0x3F for Bt8370 and 0x2F for Bt8375/6.
Table 3-10 contains approximate VGA_MAX settings for the receive sensitivity values. The
sensitivity value is the received signal level (below nominal) at which analog loss of signal
(RALOS) occurs. These values are applicable only when the RLBO and the PRE_EQ are
disabled. RLBO is disabled when the receive level is less than about –8 dB, or when RLBO is
forced off: RLBO = 0 (reg RLIU_CR [add 022]. The PRE_EQ is disabled when the receive
level is greater than about –24 dB, or when it is forced off: register PRE_EQ [addr 02A] =
(10XXXXXX).
Table 3-10. VGA Maximum Settings for Receive Sensitivity
Rx Sensitivity
0 dB
–5 dB
–10 dB
–15 dB
–20 dB
–25 dB
–30 dB
–35 dB
–40 dB
–45 dB
VGA_MAX
0x0B
0x12
0x19
0x1E
0x23
0x27
0x2C
0x2F
0x33
0x37
3-42
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
025—Equalizer Coefficient Data Register (EQ_DAT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EQ_DAT[7]
EQ_DAT[6]
EQ_DAT[5]
EQ_DAT[4]
EQ_DAT[3]
EQ_DAT[2]
EQ_DAT[1]
EQ_DAT[0]
EQ_DAT[7:0]
Default value is set internally during RESET or RST_LIU.
026—Equalizer Coefficient Table Pointer (EQ_PTR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
EQ_PTR[5]
EQ_PTR[4]
EQ_PTR[3]
EQ_PTR[2]
EQ_PTR[1]
EQ_PTR[0]
EQ_PTR[5:0]
Default value is set internally during RESET or RST_LIU. Pointer to 48-Byte (6 sets of 8)
Coefficient table.
027—Data Slicer Threshold (DSLICE)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DSLICE[7]
DSLICE[6]
DSLICE[5]
DSLICE[4]
DSLICE[3]
DSLICE[2]
DSLICE[1]
DSLICE[0]
DSLICE[7:0]
N8370DSE
Internally set to default value during RESET or RST_LIU.
DSLICE[7:6] = AGC Maximum Value
DSLICE[5:4] = AGC Minimum Value
DSLICE[3:0] = Data Slicer Threshold028—EQ Output Level (EQ_OUT)
Conexant
3-43
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
028—Equalizer Output Levels
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EQ_OUT[7]
EQ_OUT[6]
EQ_OUT[5]
EQ_OUT[4]
EQ_OUT[3]
EQ_OUT[2]
EQ_OUT[1]
EQ_OUT[0]
EQ_OUT7:0]
All EQ_OUT register bits are internally set to a default value during RESET. Under normal
line operating conditions, the processor should not change this default value.
7
6
M1_ERR[1:0]
5
4
3
M2_ERR[1:0]
2
1
0
EQ_OUT[3:0]
M1_ERR[1:0]
Mode1 Eyeopen Threshold—Selects equalizer error tolerance during Mode1 (ACQUISITION
state), specified as a percentage of the full-scale equalizer output. The equalizer automatically
restarts if the average error output exceeds the selected threshold.
00 = ± 13% error tolerance
01 = ± 19% error tolerance
10 = ± 26% error tolerance
11 = ± 32% error tolerance (default)
M2_ERR[1:0]
Mode2 Eyeopen Threshold—Selects equalizer error tolerance during Mode2 (OPERATION
state), specified as a percentage of the full-scale equalizer output. The equalizer automatically
restarts if the average error output exceeds the selected threshold. During certain test
situations, where the receive LIU bipolar signal level input is allowed to vary more than 15 dB
without an intervening loss of signal condition, this ensures that the equalizer adapts to the
modified input level.
0 = ± 13% error tolerance
01 = ± 19% error tolerance (default)
10 = ± 26% error tolerance
11 = ± 32% error tolerance
EQ_OUT[3:0]
Equalizer Output Level—Selects the targeted equalizer positive/negative pulse height,
specified as a percentage of the full scale equalizer output. Figure 3-1 illustrates the equalizer’s
eye pattern output level and its relationship to the M1_ERR and M2_ERR error tolerance
thresholds.
1001 = 61% of full scale
1010 = 68% of full scale (default)
1011 = 74% of full scale
1100 = 81% of full scale
3-44
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 3-1. Receive Equalizer Eye Pattern Output
ADDRESS 028 - EQ OUTPUT LEVEL (EQ_OUT)
EQUALIZER OUTPUT
± Error
Tolerance
Positive
Pulse Height
± Full Scale
Negative
Pulse Height
± Error
Tolerance
029—Variable Gain Amplifier Status
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
VGA[5]
VGA[4]
VGA[3]
VGA[2]
VGA[1]
VGA[0]
VGA[5:0]
Indicates the current VGA gain level. The processor must write to this register (any value)
before reading it to allow internal latches to update. The internal VGA has 64 gain values with
code value 0x3F (63 dec) equal to maximum gain. The processor can estimate the line
attenuation (or received signal level) in dB relative to a 3 V peak pulse level, according to the
following table:
Line Attenuation
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
64dB
VGA Gain
0x0F
0x1C
0x23
0x2B
0x34
0x3A
0x3D
0x3F (max)
or:
0.77 dB/step—under 10 dB
1.25 dB/step—10–40 dB
1.67 dB/step—40–50 dB
2.80 dB/step—50 dB
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-45
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.7 Receive LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
02A—Pre_Equalizer (PRE_EQ)
7
6
FORCE
ON
PRE_EQ[7:0]
5
4
3
2
1
0
VTHRESH[5:0]
Internally set to default value during RESET or RST_LIU. PRE_EQ is an analog filter that
resides after the VGA and which operates independently of the adaptive digital equalizer.
PRE_EQ compensates for distortion introduced by long and extended long-haul lines. To
configure this register, please see Table 3-9, Receive LIU Register Settings versus Application.
Force
ON
0
X
Auto
1
1
Forced On
1
0
Forced Off
030–037—LMS Adjusted Equalizer Coefficient Status (COEFF)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
COEFF[7]
COEFF[6]
COEFF[5]
COEFF[4]
COEFF[3]
COEFF[2]
COEFF[1]
COEFF[0]
COEFF[7:0]
8-Bit Adjusted Coefficient.
038–03C—Equalizer Gain Thresholds (GAIN)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
GAIN[5]
GAIN[4]
GAIN[3]
GAIN[2]
GAIN[1]
GAIN[0]
GAIN[5:0]
3-46
Default loaded from ROM after RESET or RST_LIU.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.8 Receiver Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
040—Receiver Configuration (RCR0)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RAMI
RABORT
RFORCE
RLOFD
RLOFC
RLOFB
RLOFA
RZCS
RAMI
Receive AMI Encoded Inputs—Disables B8ZS/HDB3 decoding for AMI-formatted
RTIP/RRING receive signals. Otherwise, the ZCS decoder replaces the 000VB0VB code
(B8ZS) with 8 zeros in T1 mode, or replaces the X00V code (HDB3) with four zeros in E1
mode; where B is a normal AMI pulse, V is a bipolar violation, and X is a “don't-care.”
Regardless of RAMI setting, receipt of a ZCS signature is always detected and reported in
ZCSUB status [RSTAT; addr 021].
0 = receive B8ZS/HDB3 line format
1 = receive AMI line format
RABORT
Abort/Disable RX Offline Framer—When set, the offline framer ignores reframe requests
from the online framer (RLOF) and aborts any in-progress RLOF reframe request. Loss of
Frame status [RLOF; addr 047] is not affected. While RABORT remains set, the offline framer
only responds to processor forced reframes (RFORCE). This allows the processor to manually
control reframe criteria and prevent changes in the current receive frame alignment. RABORT
is typically set only during unframed operation.
0 = normal framer operation
1 = framer disabled
RFORCE
Force RX Reframe—Forces the offline framer to perform a single reframe according to
selected receive framer mode. RFORCE is automatically cleared when the offline framer
acknowledges the request [FSTAT; addr 017]. The processor typically does not need to force
the reframe since the online framer reframe request (RLOF) is active whenever reframe criteria
(RLOFD–A) is met. However, the processor may force a reframe if the frame or CRC error
ratios indicate the framer might have aligned to a duplicated frame alignment pattern.
0 = no effect
1 = force RX reframe
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-47
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
RLOFD–RLOFA
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RX Reframe Criteria—Determines the number of frame errors the online framer must detect
before declaring a loss of frame alignment [ALM1; addr 047]. Refer to the Receive Framer
mode in [RFRAME; addr 001] (Table 2-3, Criteria for Loss/Recovery of Receive Framer
Alignment) to find which frame bits are monitored.
T1/E1N
RLOFD–A
Reframe Criteria
0
0100
3 Consecutive FAS or 915 CRC errors
0
1100
3 Consecutive FAS Errors
1
0001
2 out of 4 F-bit errors
1
0010
2 out of 5 F-bit errors
1
0100
2 out of 6 F-bit errors
Other RLOFD–RLOFA combinations are invalid. RAIS and
RLOF status is disabled if RLOFD–RLOFA equal all zeros.
NOTE:
Receive B8ZS/HDB3 Zero Code Substitution (affects only BPV/LCV/EXZ counting)—When
set, the ZCS decoder does not include bipolar violations received as part of a B8ZS/HDB3
code in the LCV error count [addr 054, 055]. Otherwise, all bipolar violations are counted.
EXZ detection criteria is either 8 or 16 consecutive zeros, depending on the RZCS
configuration.
0 = ZCS decoder reports all occurrences of BPV;
also selects EXZ = 16 zeros
1 = ZCS decoder does not report BPVs received as part of ZCS;
also selects EXZ = 8 zeros
RZCS
041—Receive Test Pattern Configuration (RPATT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
RESEED
BSTART
FRAMED
ZLIMIT
RPATT[1]
RPATT[0]
RESEED
Re-seed PRBS Sync Detector (auto clear)—If BSTART is active high, writing a one to
RESEED forces the PRBS sync detector to reseed and search for test pattern sync [PSYNC;
addr 00B]. The reseed and search algorithm remains active until a test pattern sync is found.
0 = no effect
1 = reseed and search for test pattern sync
When inverted data mode is selected, initiating RESEED [RPATT; addr 041] while
receiving all 1s will cause false pattern sync. In such cases, check receive slip buffers to see if
not all 1s is being received, then re-enable RESEED.
BSTART
Enable PRBS Detector and Start Counting PRBS Bit Errors—BERR [addr 058, 059] counting
is enabled when BSTART is active high and a pattern sync is found [PSYNC=1; addr 00B];
otherwise, the BERR counter holds its present value until cleared by a processor read.
0 = PRBS detector disabled and BERR stops counting
1 = enable PRBS detector and BERR counter
3-48
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
FRAMED
PRBS Framed—When set, PRBS test pattern bits are not checked during framing bit positions.
In T1 mode, F-bit locations are not searched. In E1 mode, time slot 0 and time slot 16 (if CAS
framing is selected) are not searched. CAS framing is selected by setting RFRAME[3] to 1 in
the Primary Control register [CR0; addr 001]. If FRAMED is disabled, the PRBS pattern
receiver searches all time slots for the test pattern. FRAMED, ZLIMIT, and RPATT establish
the test pattern measurement type as listed in Table 3-11.
Table 3-11. Receive PRBS Test Pattern
FRAMED
ZLIMIT
RPATT
Test Pattern
Inversion
0
0
00
Unframed 211
No
0
0
01
Unframed 215
Yes
0
0
10
Unframed 220
No
0
0
11
Unframed 223
Yes
0
1
00
Unframed 211 with 7 0 limit
No
0
1
01
Unframed 215 with 7 0 limit (non-std)
No
0
1
10
Unframed 220 with 14 0 limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS)
No
0
1
11
Unframed 223 with 14 0 limit (non-std)
No
1
0
00
Framed 211
No
1
0
01
Framed 215
Yes
1
0
10
Framed 220
No
1
0
11
Framed 223
Yes
1
1
00
Framed 211 with 7 0 limit
No
1
1
01
Framed 215 with 7 0 limit (non-std)
No
1
1
10
Framed 220 with 14 0 limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS)
No
1
1
11
Framed 223 with 14 0 limit (non-std)
No
ZLIMIT
PRBS 0 Limit—Determines the number of consecutive zeros allowed within the selected
PRBS test pattern. Refer to Table 3-11 for test pattern measurement options.
RPATT[1:0]
PRBS Test Pattern—Selects one of four PRBS test pattern lengths used to measure the
received bit error ratio during out of service testing. Refer to Table 3-11 for test pattern
measurement options. PRBS test patterns used by RPATT [addr 041] and TPATT [addr 076]
are defined in the ITU standards O.151 and O.152 to use either inverted or non-inverted data.
Bt8370/8375/8376 uses the standard data inversion option for the selected PRBS test pattern
unless ZLIMIT is enabled, in which case the test pattern always uses non-inverted data.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-49
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
042—Receive Loopback Code Detector Configuration (RLB)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
DN_LEN[1]
DN_LEN[0]
UP_LEN[1]
UP_LEN[0]
DN_LEN[1:0]
UP_LEN[1:0]
Loopback Deactivate Code Length—Selects the number of loopback pattern bits from LBD
[addr 044] that are compared to received data to determine it a Loopback Deactivate Code
[LOOPDN; addr 048] is detected. LOOPDN is recovered if the received data pattern contains
fewer than 63 bit errors in a 24 ms period. LOOPDN is lost if 64 or more bit errors are detected
in a subsequent 24 ms period. F-bits that overwrite or are inserted into the loopback pattern are
not counted as bit errors. Accurate code detection is provided on lines with up to 1E-3 BER.
DN_LEN
LBD Length
00
4 Bits
01
5 Bits
10
6 Bits
11
7 Bits
Loopback Activate Code Length—Selects the number of loopback pattern bits from LBA
[addr 043] that are compared with received data to determine if a Loopback Activate Code
[LOOPUP; addr 048] is detected. LOOPUP is recovered if received data pattern contains
fewer than 63 bit errors in a 24 ms period. LOOPUP is lost if 64 or more bit errors are detected
in a subsequent 24 ms period. F-bits that overwrite or are inserted into the loopback pattern are
not counted as bit errors. Accurate code detection is provided on lines with up to 1E-3 BER.
UP_LEN
LBA Length
00
4 Bits
01
5 Bits
10
6 Bits
11
7 Bits
043—Loopback Activate Code Pattern (LBA)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LBA[1]
LBA[2]
LBA[3]
LBA[4]
LBA[5]
LBA[6]
LBA[7]
—
LBA[1]
First bit expected of LOOPUP pattern
LBA[2]
Second bit expected of LOOPUP pattern
LBA[3]
Third bit expected of LOOPUP pattern
LBA[4]
Fourth bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 4-bit pattern.
LBA[5]
Fifth bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 5-bit pattern.
LBA[6]
Sixth bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 6-bit pattern.
LBA[7]
Seventh bit expected—Last bit if UP_LEN selects a 7-bit pattern.
3-50
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
044—Loopback Deactivate Code Pattern (LBD)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LBD[1]
LBD[2]
LBD[3]
LBD[4]
LBD[5]
LBD[6]
LBD[7]
—
LBD[1]
First bit expected of LOOPDN pattern
LBD[2]
Second bit expected of LOOPDN pattern
LBD[3]
Third bit expected of LOOPDN pattern
LBD[4]
Fourth bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 4-bit pattern.
LBD[5]
Fifth bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 5-bit pattern.
LBD[6]
Sixth bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 6-bit pattern.
LBD[7]
Seventh bit expected—Last bit if DN_LEN selects a 7-bit pattern.
045—Receive Alarm Signal Configuration (RALM)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
FS_NFAS
EXZ_LCV
YEL_INTEG
RLOF_INTEG
0(1)
RPCM_AIS
NOTE(S):
(1)
Bit 1 must be written to 0.
FS_NFAS
Include FS/NFAS in FERR and FRED—Selects whether Fs bit errors (T1) or NFAS Bit 2
errors (E1) are counted as frame errors [FERR; addr 050, 051], and loss of frame alignment
[FRED; addr 049] includes Fs or NFAS bit errors as part of the detection criteria. A number of
Fs bit locations checked also depends on JYEL framer mode.
0 = FERR and FRED do not include FS/NFAS
1 = FERR and FRED include FS/NFAS
EXZ_LCV
Excess Zeros Included in LCV—Select line code violation error count [LCV; addr 054, 055]
includes EXZ errors. Depending on RZCS bit setting [addr 040], each EXZ is equal to either 8
or 16 consecutive zeros.
0 = LCV does not include EXZ
1 = LCV includes EXZ
YEL_INTEG
Enable Yellow Alarm Integration—When set, both the receive frame and multiframe Yellow
Alarms [RYEL and RMYEL; addr 047] are integrated, as described in Table 3-13, Receive
Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria (per the selected framer mode). RYEL and RMYEL interrupt
status [ISR7; addr 004] are similarly affected.
0 = normal RYEL and RMYEL status
1 = integrated RYEL and RMYEL status
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-51
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RLOF_INTEG
Enable RLOF Integration—When set, the receive loss of frame status [RLOF; addr 047] is
integrated for 2.0 to 2.5 seconds during T1 framer modes (not applicable to E1 modes). RLOF
interrupt status [ISR7; addr 004] is also integrated. However, receive framer status in ALM3
[addr 049], loss of frame count [FRED[3:0]; addr 05A] and RLOF counter overflow [ISR4;
addr 007] are unaffected. RLOF_INTEG does not meet the requirements of TR62411. To meet
the requirements of TR62411 “Conditions Causing The Initiation of Carrier Failure Alarms,”
the receive loss of frame condition reported by FRED (addr 049) must be integrated before
initiating Yellow Alarm Transmission. This can be accomplished in software by integrating
FRED during an RLOF Interrupt (ISR7; addr 004), with RLOF_INTEG bit cleared.
0 = normal RLOF status
1 = integrated RLOF [addr 047] status
RPCM_AIS
Send AIS on RPCMO Output Pin—Replaces RPCMO data with a continuous series of all 1s.
RPCM_AIS is useful in CSU or digital section applications, where the local interface must be
able to forward an AIS to the opposing interface.
0 = normal RPCMO data
1 = RPCMO replaced with all ones
046—Alarm/Error/Counter Latch Configuration (LATCH)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
STOP_CNT
LATCH_CNT
LATCH_ERR
LATCH_ALM
STOP_CNT
Stop Error Count during RLOF/RLOS/RAIS—When enabled, error count registers [addr
050–057] are suspended at their present values during one of the following conditions: receive
loss of frame (RLOF), loss of signal (RLOS), or all 1s (RAIS) alarm condition. STOP_CNT
does not affect the counting of test pattern errors [BERR; addr 058, 059] or alarm events
[AERR; addr 05A]. The occurrence of a red or AIS CGA inhibits further processing of all
other performance parameters (i.e., BER, errored seconds, SLIPS). However, a CGA caused
by a Yellow Alarm does not inhibit further alarm or performance monitoring.
0 = Continue error count during alarms
1 = Stop error count during alarms
LATCH_CNT
Enable ONESEC Latching of Counters—Determines the interval for which error counts
remain held in all count registers [addr 050–057]. LATCH_CNT must be active in T1 mode
whenever automatic 1-second performance report messaging [AUTO_PRM; addr 0AA] is
enabled. LATCH_CNT is active during E1 mode; the processor cannot use the RLOF counter
overflow [addr 007] as a 128 ms MFAS timeout.
When the LATCH_CNT is inactive, the processor read of the LSB register reports the
current LSB error count, it latches the current MSB error count to the MSB register, and then it
clears LSB. Subsequently, reading the MSB register reports current latched MSB error count
and then clears MSB.
3-52
LATCH_CNT
Count Latched
Count Hold Time
0
Never
Until read clear
1
ONESEC interval
ONESEC interval
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
LATCH_ERR
Enable ONESEC Latching of Errors—Determines the interval for which latched active errors
are held in error interrupt [ISR5; addr 006] and in pattern interrupt [ISR0; addr 00B] status.
IER
LATCH_ALM
LATCH_ERR
ISR Latched
ISR Hold Time
0
0
Rising edge event
Until read clear
0
1
Rising edge event
ONESEC interval
1
X
Rising edge event
Until read clear
Enable ONESEC Latching of Alarms—Determines the interval for which latched active
alarms remain held in alarm interrupt status [ISR7, ISR6; addr 004, 005].
IER
LATCH_ALM
ISR Latched
0
0
Rising edge or transition
Until read clear
0
1
Rising edge or transition
ONESEC interval
1
X
Rising edge or transition
Until read clear
NOTE:
ISR Hold Time
Interrupt type determines rising edge or transition event.
047—Alarm 1 Status (ALM1)
ALM1 reports current status of receive alarms. Any change in the current status activates the corresponding
interrupt status bit [ISR7; addr 004].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RMYEL
RYEL
—
RAIS
RALOS
RLOS
RLOF
SIGFRZ
RMYEL
Receive Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Real-time or integrated RMYEL status depends on the
selected framer mode and the Yellow Alarm integration mode [YEL_INTEG; addr 045]. Refer
to Table 3-12 for mode summary and Table 3-13 for set/clear criteria. For YF detection, DL1
must be configured for FDL operation and RDL1_EN set to one. Also, RBOP_START must be
set to one in register BOP [addr 0A0]. Refer to registers DL1_TS [addr 0A4] and DL1_CTL
[addr 0A6].
0 = no alarm
1 = receive multiframe Yellow Alarm
Table 3-12. Receive Yellow Alarm
Receive Framer
Mode
YEL_INTEG = 0
YEL_INTEG = 1
RYEL
RMYEL
RYEL
RMYEL
FT/SF/SLC
YB2
—
YB2_INT
—
JYEL
YJ
—
YJ_INT
—
T1DM
Y24
—
Y24_INT
—
ESF
YB2
YF
YB2_INT
YF_INT
FAS
Y0
—
Y0_INT
—
CAS
Y0
Y16
Y0_INT
Y16_INT
NOTE(S): Last known frame alignment is used to locate and monitor Yellow Alarms.
Therefore, RYEL and RMYEL do not accurately report alarms during receive loss of frame
alignment [RLOF; addr 047].
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-53
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-13. Receive Yellow Alarm Set/Clear Criteria
Mode
Set/Clear Criteria
Y0
Set for 4 frames (500 µs) if 2 consecutive NFAS frames each contain TS0 bit 3 = 1. Cleared for 4 frames if 2
consecutive NFAS frames each contain TS0 bit 3 = 0.
Y0_INT
Set for 16 multiframes (32 ms) if every NFAS frame contains TS0 bit 3 = 1. Cleared for 16 multiframes if 1 or
more NFAS frame contains TS0 bit 3 = 0.
Y16
Set for 2 multiframes (4 ms) if frame 0 in 2 consecutive multiframes each contain TS16 bit 6 = 1. Cleared for
2 multiframe if frame 0 in 2 consecutive multiframes each contain TS16 bit 6 = 0.
Y16_INT
Set for 16 multiframes (32 ms) if every frame 0 contains TS16 bit 6 = 1. Cleared for 16 multiframes if 1 or
more frame 0 contains TS16 bit 6 = 0.
YB2
Set for 1 frame (125 µs) if all 24 time slots contain bit 2 = 0. Cleared for 1 frame if 1 or more time slots
contain bit 2 = 1.
YB2_INT
Set for 192 frames (24 ms) if fewer than 15 time slots contain bit 2 = 1. Cleared for 192 frames if 15 or more
time slots contain bit 2 = 1.
YJ
Set for 1 multiframe (1.5 ms) if frame 12 contains Fs bit = 1. Cleared for 1 multiframe if frame 12 contains
Fs bit = 0.
YJ_INT
Set for 16 multiframes (24 ms) if each frame 12 contains Fs bit = 1. Set for 16 multiframes (24 ms) if 1 or
more frame 12 contains Fs bit = 0.
Y24
Set for 1 frame (125 µs) if TS24 contains bit 6 = 0. Cleared for 1 frame if TS24 contains bit 6 = 1.
Y24_INT
Set for 192 frames (24 ms) if each TS24 bit 6 = 0. Cleared for 192 frames if 1 or more TS24 bit 6 = 1.
YF
Set for 32 frames (4 ms) if 16 FDL bits contain Yellow Alarm priority codeword pattern (00FFh). Cleared for
32 frames if 16 FDL bits do not contain a Yellow Alarm priority codeword pattern.
YF_INT
Set upon reception of 16 FDL bits matching Yellow Alarm priority codeword and remains set as long as the
codeword pattern is not interrupted for greater than 100 ms. Cleared when the Yellow Alarm priority
codeword is not present for more than 100 ms (26 missing codewords = 104 ms).
3-54
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RYEL
Receive Yellow Alarm—Real-time or integrated RYEL status depends on both the selected
receive framer and Yellow Alarm integration modes [YEL_INTEG; addr 045]. Refer to
Table 3-12, Receive Yellow Alarm for a mode summary and Table 3-13, Receive Yellow Alarm
Set/Clear Criteria for set/clear criteria.
0 = No alarm
1 = Receive Yellow Alarm
RAIS
Receive Alarm Indication Signal—Criteria for detection and clearance of RAIS, per ITU
G.775 and ANSI T1.231.
RALOS
RLOS
N8370DSE
Mode
RAIS
Set/Clear Criteria
E1
0
Cleared if two consecutive double frames (500 µs)
each contain three or more zeros out of 512 bits, or if
FAS alignment is recovered [FRED = 0; addr 049].
E1
1
Set if two consecutive double frames each contain two
or fewer zeros out of 512 bits, and when FAS
alignment is lost [FRED = 1; addr 049].
T1
0
Cleared if data received for a period of 3 ms contains
five or more zeros out of 4,632 bits, or if the frame
alignment is recovered [FRED = 0; addr 049].
T1
1
Set if data received for a period of 3 ms contains four
or fewer zeros out of 4632 bits, and the frame
alignment is lost [FRED = 1; addr 049].
Receive Analog Loss of Signal or RCKI Loss of Clock—Real-time RALOS status depends on
the selection of receive bipolar or digital inputs [RDIGI; addr 020].
RDIGI
RALOS
Set/Clear Criteria
0
0
Cleared if AGC gain setting is less than VGA_MAX.
0
1
Set if AGC gain setting equals VGA_MAX [addr
024]. This indicates that the RTIP/RRING input
signal amplitude remains below the programmed
input signal threshold for more than 1 ms.
1
0
Cleared if RCKI transitions at least once in 125 µs.
1
1
Set when RCKI remains low for 125 µs.
Receive Loss of Signal—Criteria for detection and clearance of RLOS per ITU G.775 and
T1.231.
Mode
RLOS
Set/Clear Criteria
T1
0
Cleared if the received data sustains an average pulse
density of 12.5% over a period of 114 bits, starting
with the receipt of a pulse—and no occurrence of 100
consecutive zeros.
T1
1
Set if 100 consecutive zeros are received.
E1
0
Cleared upon reception of 192 bits in which no
interval of 32 consecutive zeros appears where the
192-bit window begins with receipt of a pulse.
E1
1
Set upon reception of 32 consecutive 0s.
Conexant
3-55
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RLOF
Receive Loss of Frame Alignment—Real-time or integrated RLOF status depends on selected
receive framer mode, out of frame criteria [RLOFA–RLOFD; addr 040], and integration mode
[RLOF_INTEG; addr 045]. Refer to Table A-1 through A-7 in Appendix A to find which
frame bits are monitored. Refer to Table 3-2, Receive Framer Modes for loss/recovery criteria.
During E1 mode, RLOF indicates the logically OR'ed status of FAS/MFAS/CAS alignment
machines from which individual alignment status is reported separately in
FRED/MRED/SRED [addr 049].
0 = no alarm
1 = receive loss of frame alignment
SIGFRZ
Signaling Freeze—Real-time SIGFRZ status indicates when input ABCD signaling bit
updates are no longer being written to the receive signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr IA0–IBF].
Consequently, ABCD signaling on RPCMO (if signaling insertion is enabled) and RSIGO
output pins are fixed to their existing buffered values. SIGFRZ remains active for 6 to 12 ms
longer after COFA or RLOF clears. SIGFRZ status is also affected by manual SIGFRZ on/off
controls [RSIG_CR; addr 0D7].
0 = no alarm (or FRZ_OFF)
1 = signaling freeze (or FRZ_ON)
048—Alarm 2 Status (ALM2)
Reports real-time status of transmit alarms and inband loopback codeword detectors. Any change in the current
status activates the corresponding interrupt status bit [ISR6; addr 005].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LOOPDN
LOOPUP
—
TSHORT
TLOC
—
TLOF
—
LOOPDN
Inband Loopback Deactivate—Reports detection or loss of an inband loopback code which
matches the programmed LOOPDN code [LBD; addr 044].
0 = no inband code (or lost)
1 = LOOPDN code detected
LOOPUP
Inband Loopback Activate—Reports detection or loss of an inband loopback code which
matches the programmed LOOPUP code [LBA; addr 043].
0 = no inband code (or lost)
1 = LOOPUP code detected
TSHORT
Transmit Short Circuit—Indicates transmit line driver output has reached its 50 mA current
limit, which is typically caused by either a short circuited transmit cable or transmission line
transient surge current.
0 = normal
1 = short circuit (50 mA current limited)
TLOC
Transmit Loss of Clock—Clock monitor circuit reports that transmit clock (TXCLK) is lost if
no signal transitions are detected for 8 clock cycles of ACKI. TXCLK is reported as present if
four or more signal transitions are detected during 8 clock cycles of ACKI. When used in
conjunction with AISCLK [addr 068], TLOC also identifies if ACKI is in use and AIS data
transmission is enforced. TLOC status is indeterminate if the ACKI input signal is not present.
0 = transmit clock present
1 = transmit clock lost
TLOF
Transmit Loss of Frame Alignment—Reports transmit framer status per selected mode
[TFRAME; addr 070] and loss criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071].
0 = recovered
1 = lost
3-56
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.8 Receiver Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
049—Alarm 3 Status (ALM3)
Reports real-time status of the receive framer (not affected by ONESEC latch mode), and miscellaneous latched
error status (SEF and RMAIS). Any change of the logical OR of FRED, MRED, or SRED status activates the
RLOF interrupt [ISR7; addr 004]. Refer to Table 3-2, Receive Framer Modes [RFRAME; addr 001] to find the
criteria for loss/recovery of frame alignment.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
RMAIS
SEF
SRED
MRED
FRED
LOF[1]
LOF[0]
RMAIS
Receive TS16 Alarm Indication Signal (CAS mode only)—RMAIS is latched active high and
cleared by a processor read. The criteria for detection and clearance of RMAIS is per ITU
G.775.
Mode
SEF
RMAIS Criteria
CAS
Set if TS16 contains three or fewer zeros out of 128 bits in each
mutiframe over two consecutive multiframes (4 ms).
Other
Not applicable (read 0).
Severely Errored Frame—SEF is latched active high and cleared by a processor read. Criteria
for detection and clearance of SEF is per ANSI T1.231.
Mode
E1
SEF Criteria
Set if two or more (FAS or NFAS) errors are detected out of six
frames. (FAS + NFAS, or 2 FAS, or 2 NFAS errors, etc.).
FT/SF/SLC
Set if two or more Ft errors are detected out of 3 Ft bits.
ESF
Set if two or more FPS errors detected out of 6 FPS bits.
SRED
Loss of CAS Alignment—Real-time status of CAS alignment machine. SRED is applicable if
CAS is enabled; otherwise SRED is 0.
0 = recovery of CAS alignment
1 = loss of CAS alignment
MRED
Loss of MFAS Alignment—Real-time status of MFAS alignment machine. MRED is
applicable if MFAS is enabled; otherwise MRED is 0.
0 = recovery of MFAS alignment
1 = loss of MFAS alignment
FRED
Loss of T1/FAS Alignment—Real-time status of basic frame alignment machine. The FRED
alarm counter [AERR; addr 05A] increments for each low-to-high FRED transition.
0 = recovery of frame alignment
1 = loss of frame alignment.
LOF[1:0]
Reason for Loss of Frame Alignment—LOF status is latched whenever FRED reports a loss of
frame alignment and remains held at the latched value until the next loss of frame alignment.
LOF[1:0]
N8370DSE
LOF Criteria
00
Three consecutive FAS pattern errors
01
Three consecutive NFAS pattern errors
10
915 or more CRC4 errors out of 1000 blocks checked
11
8 ms timeout while searching for MFAS
Conexant
3-57
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
If the counter overflow interrupt [IER4; addr 00F] is enabled for the respective performance monitoring
counter, the counter rolls over after reaching its maximum count value. If the overflow interrupt is disabled, the
counter holds maximum value upon saturation. Refer to LATCH [addr 046] for a description of 1-second
latched counter operation. The processor must read the Least Significant Byte (LSB) before reading the Most
Significant Byte (MSB) of each multi-byte counter.
050—Framing Bit Error Counter LSB (FERR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FERR[7]
FERR[6]
FERR[5]
FERR[4]
FERR[3]
FERR[2]
FERR[1]
FERR[0]
FERR[7:0]
Ft/Fs/T1DM/FPS/FAS Error Count
051—Framing Bit Error Counter MSB (FERR)
If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading FERR [addr 051] clears the entire FERR[11:0] count value.
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
0
0
0
0
FERR[11]
FERR[10]
FERR[9]
FERR[8]
FERR[11:8]
Ft/Fs/T1DM/FPS/FAS Error Count
052—CRC Error Counter LSB (CERR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CERR[7]
CERR[6]
CERR[5]
CERR[4]
CERR[3]
CERR[2]
CERR[1]
CERR[0]
CERR[7:0]
3-58
CRC6/CRC4 Error Count
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
053—CRC Error Counter MSB (CERR)
If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading CERR [addr 053] clears the entire CERR[9:0] count value.
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
CERR[9]
CERR[8]
CERR[9:8]
CRC6/CRC4 Error Count
054—Line Code Violation Counter LSB (LCV)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LCV[7]
LCV[6]
LCV[5]
LCV[4]
LCV[3]
LCV[2]
LCV[1]
LCV[0]
LCV[7:0]
BPV and EXZ (if EXZ_LCV enabled) Error Count
055—Line Code Violation Counter MSB (LCV)
If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading LCV [addr 055] clears the entire LCV[15:0] count value.
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
LCV[15]
LCV[14]
LCV[13]
LCV[12]
LCV[11]
LCV[10]
LCV[9]
LCV[8]
LCV[15:8]
BPV and EXZ (if EXZ_LCV enabled) Error Count
056—Far End Block Error Counter LSB (FEBE)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FEBE[7]
FEBE[6]
FEBE[5]
FEBE[4]
FEBE[3]
FEBE[2]
FEBE[1]
FEBE[0]
FEBE[7:0]
FEBE Count (applicable only in E1 mode); invalid FEBE count is reported in T1 mode.
057—Far End Block Error Counter MSB (FEBE)
If LATCH_CNT [addr 046] is inactive, reading FEBE [addr 056, 057] clears the entire FEBE[9:0] count value.
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
FEBE[9]
FEBE[8]
FEBE[9:8]
N8370DSE
FEBE Count (applicable only in E1 mode)
Conexant
3-59
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.9 Performance Monitoring Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
058—PRBS Bit Error Counter LSB (BERR)
Reading BERR transfers the most recent 12-bit count from the internal PRBS error counter to BERR[11:0], and
clears the internal error counter without affecting the reported BERR[11:0] value. Subsequent reads of BERR
MSB [addr 059] report the BERR [11:8] count value latched when the BERR LSB was last read.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
BERR[7]
BERR[6]
BERR[5]
BERR[4]
BERR[3]
BERR[2]
BERR[1]
BERR[0]
BERR[7:0]
BERR Count (applicable only for test pattern)
059—PRBS Bit Error Counter MSB (BERR)
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
0
0
0
0
BERR[11]
BERR[10]
BERR[9]
BERR[8]
BERR[11:8]
BERR Count (suspended if BSTART = 0)
05A—SEF/LOF/COFA Alarm Counter (AERR)
Reading AERR clears the SEF[1:0], COFA[1:0] and FRED[3:0] count values.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
FRED[3]
FRED[2]
FRED[1]
FRED[0]
COFA[1]
COFA[0]
SEF[1]
SEF[0]
FRED[3:0]
Receive Loss of Frame Count—Increments for each occurrence of FRED [ALM3; addr 049].
The 4-bit count is large enough to count more than 100 ms of MFAS timeout intervals (8 ms
each) during E1 modes. The processor can therefore use the FRED counter overflow interrupt
to indicate that a receive MFAS alignment search has timed out.
COFA[1:0]
Change of Frame Alignment Count—Increments each time the offline framer generates a
reframe pulse that aligns the receiver timebase to a new bit position. Applicable to T1 modes
only.
SEF[1:0]
Severely Errored Frame Count—Increments for each occurrence of SEF [ALM3; addr 049].
3-60
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
Five receive Sa-Byte buffers [RSA4–RSA8] are double-buffered. All five registers are updated with the
Sa-bits received in TS0 of odd frames at each receive multiframe interrupt [RMF; addr 008]. Bit 0 of all RSA
registers contains data from frame 1, bit 1 contains data from frame 3, bit 2 contains data from frame 5, and so
on. This gives the processor a full 2 ms after RMF-interrupt to read any Sa-Byte buffer before the contents
change. The processor ignores RSA buffer contents during T1 mode, and when the receiver reports a loss of
FAS alignment [FRED=1; addr 049] in E1 mode.
05B—Receive Sa4 Byte Buffer (RSA4)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSA4[7]
RSA4[6]
RSA4[5]
RSA4[4]
RSA4[3]
RSA4[2]
RSA4[1]
RSA4[0]
RSA4[7]
Sa4 bit received in frame 15
RSA4[6]
Sa4 bit received in frame 13
RSA4[5]
Sa4 bit received in frame 11
RSA4[4]
Sa4 bit received in frame 9
RSA4[3]
Sa4 bit received in frame 7
RSA4[2]
Sa4 bit received in frame 5
RSA4[1]
Sa4 bit received in frame 3
RSA4[0]
Sa4 bit received in frame 1
05C—Receive Sa5 Byte Buffer (RSA5)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSA5[7]
RSA5[6]
RSA5[5]
RSA5[4]
RSA5[3]
RSA5[2]
RSA5[1]
RSA5[0]
RSA5[7]
Sa5 bit received in frame 15
RSA5[6]
Sa5 bit received in frame 13
RSA5[5]
Sa5 bit received in frame 11
RSA5[4]
Sa5 bit received in frame 9
RSA5[3]
Sa5 bit received in frame 7
RSA5[2]
Sa5 bit received in frame 5
RSA5[1]
Sa5 bit received in frame 3
RSA5[0]
Sa5 bit received in frame 1
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-61
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
05D—Receive Sa6 Byte Buffer (RSA6)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSA6[7]
RSA6[6]
RSA6[5]
RSA6[4]
RSA6[3]
RSA6[2]
RSA6[1]
RSA6[0]
RSA6[7]
Sa6 bit received in frame 15
RSA6[6]
Sa6 bit received in frame 13
RSA6[5]
Sa6 bit received in frame 11
RSA6[4]
Sa6 bit received in frame 9
RSA6[3]
Sa6 bit received in frame 7
RSA6[2]
Sa6 bit received in frame 5
RSA6[1]
Sa6 bit received in frame 3
RSA6[0]
Sa6 bit received in frame 1
05E—Receive Sa7 Byte Buffer (RSA7)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSA7[7]
RSA7[6]
RSA7[5]
RSA7[4]
RSA7[3]
RSA7[2]
RSA7[1]
RSA7[0]
RSA7[7]
Sa7 bit received in frame 15
RSA7[6]
Sa7 bit received in frame 13
RSA7[5]
Sa7 bit received in frame 11
RSA7[4]
Sa7 bit received in frame 9
RSA7[3]
Sa7 bit received in frame 7
RSA7[2]
Sa7 bit received in frame 5
RSA7[1]
Sa7 bit received in frame 3
RSA7[0]
Sa7 bit received in frame 1
3-62
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.10 Receive Sa-Byte Buffers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
05F—Receive Sa8 Byte Buffer (RSA8)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSA8[7]
RSA8[6]
RSA8[5]
RSA8[4]
RSA8[3]
RSA8[2]
RSA8[1]
RSA8[0]
RSA8[7]
Sa8 bit received in frame 15
RSA8[6]
Sa8 bit received in frame 13
RSA8[5]
Sa8 bit received in frame 11
RSA8[4]
Sa8 bit received in frame 9
RSA8[3]
Sa8 bit received in frame 7
RSA8[2]
Sa8 bit received in frame 5
RSA8[1]
Sa8 bit received in frame 3
RSA8[0]
Sa8 bit received in frame 1
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-63
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.11 Transmit LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.11 Transmit LIU Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
060–067—Transmit Pulse Shape Configuration (SHAPE)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
SHAPE[5]
SHAPE[4]
SHAPE[3]
SHAPE[2]
SHAPE[1]
SHAPE[0]
SHAPE[5:0]
Initialized to default values when the processor writes to addr 068. Refer to pulse shape
description in Transmit LIU section (Figure 2-39, Digitized AMI Pulse Shape).
068—Transmit LIU Configuration (TLIU_CR)
After writing to TLIU_CR, the processor should wait for eight MCLK-cycles before reading back TLIU_CR.
This is because any write into TLIU_CR triggers an internal transfer of ROM data to update the SHAPE
registers. While this internal transfer is in progress, any read or write of TLIU_CR may be blocked internally or
it will return an incorrect read value.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TURNS
TERM
LBO[1]
LBO[0]
PULSE[2]
PULSE[1]
PULSE[0]
AISCLK
TURNS
Transmit Transformer Turns Ratio—Transmit DAC automatically scales the XTIP/XRING
outputs for the selected transformer turns ratio. The transmit DAC is current-limited and
cannot source sufficient current to drive full-height output pulses when an external transmit
termination resistor and 1:1.15 transformer is selected.
0 = 1:1.36 transformer
1 = 1:1.15 transformer (reduced amplitude if TERM also enabled)
TERM
Transmit Termination Resistor—Transmit DAC automatically scales the XTIP/XRING output
amplitude to compensate for the presence of an optional external termination resistor. The
external resistor (51.1 Ω) is placed in parallel across XTIP/XRING on systems that must meet
–18 dB transmitter return loss requirements. Better return loss is also possible by more closely
matching transmitter and cable impedances, at the expense of higher power dissipation and
lower output signal amplitude. (Refer to Figure 2-45, External Termination Resistor
Placement for resistor placement. Refer to Table 3-14, Return Loss Values for return loss
values.)
0 = internal transmit impedance (14.0 k Ω)
1 = external transmit termination
3-64
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.11 Transmit LIU Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-14. Return Loss Values
TURNS
TERM
RTERM
VPK
(Normalized)
RL (dB)
Remarks
Pulse[2:0] = 75 Ω Cable Selection
0
0
None
0
1.00
Iout scaled for 1:1.36
0
1
51.1
–18
1.00
Compromise match
0
1
40.5
–65
0.89
Impedance match
1
0
None
0
1.00
Iout scaled for 1:1.15
Pulse[2:0] = 100 Ω Cable Selection
0
0
None
0
1.00
Iout scaled for 1:1.36
0
1
51.1
–32
1.00
Compromise match
0
1
54.1
–76
1.03
Impedance match
1
0
None
0
1.00
Iout scaled for 1:1.15
Pulse[2:0] = 120 Ω Cable Selection
0
0
None
0
1.00
Iout scaled for 1:1.36
0
1
51.1
–18
1.00
Compromise match
0
1
64.9
–74
1.13
Impedance match
1
0
None
0
1.00
Iout scaled for 1:1.15
LBO[1:0]
N8370DSE
Select Line Build Out—Up to three LBO networks can be placed in line with the transmitter to
attenuate XTIP/XRING outputs in 7.5 dB steps, per the signal transfer function defined by
FCC Part 68 regulations. (Refer to Figure 2-41 through Figure 2-44 for LBO isolated pulse
templates, which are applicable only while PULSE[2:0] = 111).
LBO
Attenuation @ 772 kHz
FCC Option
00
0.0 dB
Option A
01
7.5 dB
Option B
10
15.0 dB
Option C
11
22.5 dB
Final Span Target Loss
Conexant
3-65
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.11 Transmit LIU Registers
PULSE[2:0]
AISCLK
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Select Transmit Pulse Template—Each positive or negative pulse output on XTIP/XRING is
shaped to meet the transmit pulse template according to the selected cable length and type.
(Refer to Figure 2-34, TLIU Waveform and Figure 2-41, 0 dB LBO Isolated Pulse Template for
T1/E1 isolated pulse templates.) Each time the processor writes to TLIU_CR [addr 068], the
default shape values are transferred from internal ROM into SHAPE registers [addr 060–067].
Custom shape programming for alternative cable types or pulse templates will be discussed in
a separate Bt8370/8375/8376 application note.
PULSE
Cable Length
Cable Type
Application
000
0–133 Ft
100 Ω Twisted Pair
T1 DSX
001
133–266 Ft
100 Ω Twisted Pair
T1 DSX
010
266–399 Ft
100 Ω Twisted Pair
T1 DSX
011
399–533 Ft
100 Ω Twisted Pair
T1 DSX
100
533–655 Ft
100 Ω Twisted Pair
T1 DSX
101
ITU–T G.703
75 Ω Coaxial Cable
E1
110
ITU–T G.703
120 Ω Twisted Pair
E1
111
Long Haul FCC Part 68
100 Ω Twisted Pair
T1 CSU/NCTE
Enable Automatic ACKI Switching—When AISCLK is active and the clock monitor reports a
loss of transmit clock [TLOC; addr 048], the transmitter clock is automatically switched to
reference ACKI instead of TCKI, and the transmitter is forced to send AIS (all ones) data. If
both AISCLK and TAIS [addr 075] are active, AIS is transmitted using ACKI clock regardless
of the clock monitor status. Set AISCLK only if the system supplies an alternate line rate clock
on the ACKI pin.
Inputs
3-66
Status
Transmit
TAIS
AUTO_AIS
AISCLK
RLOS/RLOC
TLOC
CLOCK
DATA
0
0
X
X
0
TCKI
Normal
0
0
1
X
0
TCKI
Normal
0
0
1
X
1
ACKI
AIS
0
1
X
0
0
TCKI
Normal
0
1
0
0
1
TCKI
Normal
0
1
1
X
1
ACKI
AIS
0
1
0
1
X
TCKI
AIS
1
X
1
X
X
ACKI
AIS
1
X
0
X
X
TCKI
AIS
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
070—Transmit Framer Configuration (TCR0)
TCR0 selects the offline framer's criteria for recovery of transmit frame alignment; it determines the output of
transmit frame and alarm formatters overhead bits, and works in conjunction with TCR1 [addr 071] and TFRM
[addr 072]. This allows TCR0 to select the transmit online frame monitor's criteria for loss of frame alignment,
and which overhead bits are supplied by the transmit frame and the alarm formatters.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
TFRAME[3]
TFRAME[2]
TFRAME[1]
TFRAME[0]
TFRAME[3:0]
N8370DSE
The frame formatter generates Ft, Fs, FPS, FAS, MFAS, and CRC bits. The alarm formatter
generates YB2, YJ, Y0, and Y16 bits. Frame and alarm overhead formats are selected by
TFRAME[3:0] and T1/E1N settings, as listed in Tables 3-15 through 3-18. Each Yellow Alarm
can be generated manually or automatically [TALM; addr 075], or can be bypassed
[INS_MYEL; addr 072].
The frame formatter does not generate CAS or Sa-bit overhead; these bits are supplied by
TPCMI in Bypass mode [TFRM; addr 072], or by programming TSIGn [addr 120–13F] or
TSA4–TSA8 [addr 07B–07F] buffer contents. To insert CAS, the processor selects TLOCAL
output signaling for time slot 0 and time slot 16 by programming transmit per-channel control
registers TPC0 [addr 100] and TPC16 [addr 110]. The processor then fills ABCD local
signaling value for TPC0 with the MAS pattern (ABCD = 0000) and TPC16 with XYXX
pattern (ABCD = 1011).
The frame formatter does not generate SLC, T1DM, or FDL overhead; these bits are
supplied either by TPCMI in Bypass mode [TFRM; addr 072] or by programming the TSLIP
[addr 140–17F], TDL1 [addr 0AD], or TDL2 [addr 0B8] buffer contents.
To insert SLC concentrator, maintenance, alarm, and switch field values, the processor
selects any SLC framer format and programs either the TDL1 or the TDL2 to operate in
unformatted Pack6 mode over the F-bit channel during even frames. This overwrites all Fs bits
inserted by the frame formatter. The data pattern to be sent in 36 Fs bit multiframe is written as
six 6-bit words to the TDL1 or TDL2 circular buffer. For real-time overhead manipulation, the
processor can rewrite the circular buffer with a new 36-bit pattern, as desired.
To insert T1DM, the processor enables TIDLE insertion on time slot 24 by programming
the transmit per-channel control [TDC24; addr 118], and filling the TSLIP buffer location for
TS24 [addr 158] with the T1DM framing pattern (TS24 = 10111YR0). If specific T1DM
elements must be inserted and others bypassed, the processor configures TDL1 or TDL2 to
selectively insert only the desired bits such as the T1DM sync pattern, R-bits, and/or Y-bits, by
programming data link bit enables [DL1_BIT; addr 0A5 or DL2_BIT; addr 0B0].
To insert FDL, the processor configures TDL1 to operate over the F-bit channel during odd
frames [DL1_TS; addr 0A4] and during Automatic Performance Report Messages
[AUTO_PRM; addr 0AA], or the processor manually programs TDL1 to send each message.
Conexant
3-67
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-15. E1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 0)
TS0 Overhead Insertion
TFRAME
Yellow Alarms
Framer Mode
00XX
FAS Only
01XX
FAS + MFAS
10XX
FAS + CAS
11XX
FAS + MFAS + CAS
MFAS
FEBE
CRC4
FAS
YEL
MYEL
Ones
Ones
Ones
Yes
Y0
—
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Y0
—
Ones
Ones
Ones
Yes
Y0
Y16
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Y0
Y16
Table 3-16. T1 Transmit Framer Modes (T1/E1N = 1)
F-bit Overhead Insertion
TFRAME
Yellow Alarms
Framer Mode
Fs
FPS
CRC6
Ft
YEL
MYEL
Ones
—
—
Yes
YB2
—
0000
FT Only
0100
SF
Yes
—
—
Yes
YB2
—
0101
SF + JYEL
Yes
—
—
Yes
YJ
—
100X
SLC
Yes
—
—
Yes
YB2
—
0001
ESF + No CRC
—
Yes
Ones
—
YB2
YF(1)
1100
ESF + Mimic CRC
—
Yes
Yes
—
YB2
YF(1)
1101
ESF + Force CRC
—
Yes
Yes
—
YB2
YF(1)
NOTE(S):
(1)
3-68
YF Yellow Alarm is generated manually using DL1 data link controller and transmitting the appropriate BOP message.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-17. Criteria for E1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment
Mode
FAS
Description
Basic Frame Alignment (BFA) is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied:
• FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N.
• Frame N+1 contains bit 2 equal to 1.
• Frame N+2 also contains FAS pattern (0011011).
During FAS only modes, BFA is recovered when the following search criteria is satisfied:
• FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N.
• No mimics of the FAS pattern present in frame N+1.
• FAS pattern (0011011) is found in frame N+2.
NOTE(S): If FAS pattern is not found in frame N+2 or FAS mimic is found in frame N+1, the search restarts in
frame N+2.
Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment is declared when:
Three consecutive FAS pattern errors are detected, when the FAS pattern consists of a 7-bit (x0011011)
pattern in FAS frames, as well as bit 2 equaling 1 in NFAS frames.
MFAS
MFAS—CRC Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied:
• BFA is recovered, identifying FAS and NFAS frames.
• Within 6 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains the first MFAS pattern (001011xx).
• Within 8 ms after BFA, bit 1 of NFAS frames contains the second MFAS pattern (001011xx), aligned
to first MFAS.
MFAS errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment.
CAS
CAS Multiframe Alignment is recovered when the following search criteria are satisfied:
• BFA is recovered, identifying TS0 through TS31.
• MAS (0000xxxx) Multiframe Alignment Signal pattern is found in the first 4 bits of TS16, and 8 bits
of TS16 in preceding frame contains nonzero value.
CAS errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-69
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-18. Criteria for T1 Loss/Recovery of Transmit Frame Alignment
Mode
FT Only
Description
Terminal Frame Alignment is recovered when
One, and only 1 valid Ft pattern (1010) is found in 12 alternate F-bit locations (3 ms), when F-bits are
separated by 193 bits.
Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment is declared when
Number of Ft bit errors detected meets selected loss of frame criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071].
SF
Superframe alignment is recovered when
• Terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits.
• Depends on SF submode.
With JYEL:
If SF pattern (00111x) found in Fs bits.
If no JYEL:
SF pattern (001110) found in Fs bits.
Fs errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment.
Transmit loss of frame alignment (TLOF) declared when
The number of Ft bit errors detected meets the selected reframe criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071].
NOTE(S): Fs bit multiframe errors are reported in TMERR [ISR0; addr 00B], but do not cause a loss of
transmit frame alignment.
SLC
Superframe alignment is recovered when
•
•
Terminal frame alignment is recovered, identifying Ft bits.
The SLC pattern (refer to Table A-3, SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents) is found in 16 of 32 Fs bits according to
Bellcore TR-TSY-000008.
Fs errors do not cause Transmit Loss of Frame (TLOF) alignment.
Transmit loss of frame alignment (TLOF) declared when
The number of Ft bit errors detected meets the selected reframe criteria [TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071].
NOTE(S): Fs bit multiframe errors are reported in TMERR [ISR0; addr 00B], but do not cause a loss of
transmit frame alignment.
ESF
Extended superframe alignment is recovered when
A valid FPS candidate is located (001011). Candidate bits are separated by 772 digits and are received
without pattern errors.
• If only 1 valid FPS candidate and
No CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison.
Mimic CRC mode—align to FPS, regardless of CRC6 comparison.
Force CRC mode—align to FPS, only if CRC6 is correct.
• If two or more valid FPS candidates and:
No CRC mode—do not align (INVALID status).
Mimic CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6.
Force CRC mode—align to first FPS with correct CRC6.
Transmit loss of frame alignment (TLOF) declared when
The number of FPS pattern errors detected meets the selected loss of frame criteria
[TLOFA–TLOFC; addr 071].
3-70
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
071—Transmitter Configuration (TCR1)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TNRZ
TABORT
TFORCE
TLOFC
TLOFB
TLOFA
TZCS[1]
TZCS[0]
TNRZ
Transmit NRZ Data—Transmit dual-rail unipolar outputs TPOSO/TNEGO are replaced by
non-return to 0 unipolar data (TNRZO) and transmit multiframe sync (MSYNCO). Both
outputs are clocked on the rising edge of transmitter clock (TCKI). Line encoding of bipolar
signals on XTIP/XRING is unaffected. MSYNCO active (high) always marks the first bit of
transmit multiframe according to the selected transmit framer mode.
0 = TPOSO/TNEGO encoded per TZCS[1:0]
1 = TPOSO/TNEGO replaced by TNRZO/MSYNCO
TABORT
Abort/Disable TX Offline Framer—The offline framer ignores reframe requests from the
online framer (TLOF) and aborts any in progress TLOF reframe requests. The loss of frame
status [TLOF; addr 048] is not affected. While TABORT remains active, the offline framer
responds only to the processor force reframe request (TFORCE). This allows the processor to
manually control reframe criteria or lock out changes in the current transmit frame alignment.
0 = normal framer operation
1 = framer disabled
TABORT interacts with EMBED [addr 0D0] to select which data stream is examined by
online and offline transmit framer during embedded framing modes. If EMBED is active,
TXDATA output from TSLIP is examined and used to align the TX timebase; otherwise, the
TPCMI data stream is examined and used to align the TSB timebase, as defined in Table 3-19.
Table 3-19. Transmit Framer Position
TABORT
EMBED
TSB Alignment
Tx Alignment
Tx Framing Mode
Notes
0
0
TPCMI
Flywheel
Transmit Framing
(1–5)
0
1
TFSYNC/TMSYNC
TXDATA
Embedded Framing
(6–8)
1
X
TFSYNC/TMSYNC
Flywheel
Normal
(5, 6)
NOTE(S):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
TFSYNC and TMSYNC must be programmed as outputs.
Offline framer examines TPCMI to supply TSB frame alignment.
Online framer examines TPCMI to supply TSB multiframe alignment.
SBI mode must match 2048 k or 1544 k line rate.
TX timebase flywheels at initial alignment until TSB_CTR or TX_ALIGN [addr 0D4].
TSB timebase flywheels if TFSYNC/TMSYNC programmed as outputs.
Offline framer examines TXDATA to supply TX frame alignment.
Online framer examines TXDATA to supply TX multiframe alignment.
TFORCE
N8370DSE
Force TX Reframe (auto clear)—Forces the offline framer to perform a single reframe,
according to the selected transmit framer mode. TFORCE is automatically cleared when the
framer acknowledges a request [ACTIVE; addr 017]. The processor typically does not need to
force a reframe, because the online framer reframe request (TLOF) is active when reframe
criteria TLOFC–A is met. However, the processor may attempt force a reframe if the frame or
CRC bit error ratio indicates that the framer has aligned to a mimic pattern.
0 = no effect
1 = force TX reframe
Conexant
3-71
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Transmit Loss of Frame Criteria—Determines the number of frame errors that the online
framer must detect before declaring a loss of frame alignment [TLOF; addr 048]. Refer to
TFRAME [addr 070] to find which frame bits are monitored during the selected framer mode.
TLOFC–TLOFA
T1/E1N
TLOFC–A
Reframe Criteria
0
100
3 consecutive FAS errors
1
001
2 out of 4 frame bit errors
1
010
2 out of 5 frame bit errors
1
100
2 out of 6 frame bit errors
NOTE(S): All other TLOFC–A combinations are invalid.
Transmit Zero Code Suppression—Selects ZCS and Pulse Density Violation (PDV)
enforcement options for XTIP/XRING and TPOSO/TNEGO outputs. B8ZS and HDB3
replace transmitted sequences of eight or four 0s with a recoverable code. These are standard
T1 and E1 line code options, respectively (see Table 3-20).
TZCS[1:0]
Table 3-20. Transmit Zero Code Suppression
TZCS
T1/E1N
T1DM
ZCS
PDV
Zero Code Substitution
(Sent left to right)
00
X
X
AMI
None
None
01
0
X
HDB3
None
000V or B00V
01
1
X
B8ZS
None
000VB0VB
10
1
X
UMC
None
10011000
11
1
X
AMI
Enforced
on PDV errors
AMI
Alternate Mark Inversion. Bipolar line code forces successive 1s to alternate their output pulse polarity. Analog and
digital dual-rail outputs are always AMI encoded, although certain AMI codes are modified to include 0 suppression.
HDB3
Prior to transmission, four consecutive 0s are substituted by 000V or B00V code, where B is an AMI pulse, and V is a
bipolar violation. ZCS encoder selects the code that forces the BPV output polarity opposite that of the prior BPV.
B8ZS
Prior to transmission, eight consecutive 0s are substituted by 000VB0VB code, where B is an AMI encoded pulse, and
V is a bipolar violation.
PDV
Enforcer overwrites transmit 0s that would otherwise cause output data to fail to meet the minimum required pulse
density per ANSI T1.403 sliding window.
NOTE(S): The enforcer never overwrites a framing bit and is not applicable during E1 mode.
NOTE(S): Each PDV-enforced 1 causes a nonrecoverable, transmitted bit error.
UMC
Unassigned Mux Code. DS0 channels containing eight 0s are substituted with the 10011000 code, per Bellcore
TA-TSY-000278.
NOTE(S): The receiver's ZCS decoder cannot recover original data content from UMC encoded signal.
NOTE(S): PRBS, inband loopback, and YB2 alarm insertion occurs after PDV enforcement; therefore, output data might violate
minimum pulse density requirements while these functions are active.
3-72
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
072—Transmit Frame Format (TFRM)
TFRM controls the insertion of overhead bits generated by transmit frame and alarm formatters. Bypassed
overhead bits flow transparently from TPCMI system bus input through TSLIP buffer.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
INS_MYEL
INS_YEL
INS_MF
INS_FE
INS_CRC
INS_FBIT
INS_MYEL
Insert Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Applicable to E1 modes only. Enables the alarm formatter
to output Y16 Multiframe Yellow Alarm. Once enabled, TMYEL and AUTO_MYEL [addr
075] control the alarm output state. This bit must be set to 0 in T1 modes. In ESF framed T1
mode, the YF Multiframe Yellow Alarm is transmitted by programming the DL1 data link
controller and transmitting the appropriate bit oriented code message (BOP message).
0 = bypass
1 = insert multiframe Yellow Alarm
INS_YEL
Insert Yellow Alarm—The alarm formatter outputs Yellow Alarms YB2 or YJ during T1
modes, or Y0 during E1 modes. Once enabled, TYEL and AUTO_YEL [addr 075] control the
Yellow Alarm output state. If the system wants to bypass JYEL (Fs bit in frame 12), it must
bypass all Fs bits with INS_MF [addr 072].
0 = bypass
1 = insert Yellow Alarm.
INS_MF
Insert Multiframe Alignment—The frame formatter outputs 6-bit SF alignment pattern in T1
mode, or 6-bit MFAS alignment pattern in E1 mode. INS_MF must be set while TFRAME
(addr 070) selects Fs (T1) or MFAS (E1) alignment.
0 = bypass
1 = insert multiframe alignment
INS_FE
Insert FEBE—During E1 mode, the alarm formatter automatically outputs TS0 bit 1 of frames
13 (FEBE13) and 15 (FEBE15) in response to received CRC4 errors. FEBE13 is active low for
each received CRC4 error detected in SMF I; FEBE15 is active low for each received CRC4
error detected in SMF II. INS_FE should be set while TFRAME (addr 070) selects FEBE (E1)
alignment.
0 = bypass
1 = insert FEBE
INS_CRC
Insert Cyclic Redundancy Check—The frame formatter outputs the calculated CRC6 bits in
T1 mode or CRC4 bits in E1 mode.
0 = bypass
1 = insert cyclic redundancy check
INS_FBIT
Insert Terminal Framing—The frame formatter outputs a 2-bit Ft alignment pattern in F-bits of
odd frames (SF framing) or FPS framing pattern (ESF framing) during T1 modes—or 8-bit
FAS/NFAS alignment pattern during E1 modes. INS_FBIT should be set while TFRAME
(addr 070) selects Ft (T1, SF), FPS (T1, ESF), or FAS (E1) alignment.
NOTE:
N8370DSE
If F-bits are bypassed while TSLIP is enabled, the system must use either embedded
T1 framing or apply at least a double frame (250 µs) multiframe sync pulse
(TMSYNC) to provide odd/even frame alignment.
0 = bypass
1 = insert terminal framing
Conexant
3-73
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
073—Transmit Error Insert (TERROR)
Transmit error insertion capabilities are provided for system diagnostic, production test, and test equipment
applications. Writing a 1 to any TERROR bit injects a single occurrence of the respective error on
TPOSO/TNEGO and XTIP/XRING outputs. Writing a 0 has no effect. Multiple transmit errors can be
generated simultaneously. Injected errors also affect data sent during either a Framer or Analog Loopback
[FLOOP or ALOOP; addr 014].
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSERR
TMERR
TBERR
BSLIP
TCOFA
TCERR
TFERR
TVERR
TSERR
Inject CAS Multiframe (MAS) Error—Injects a single MAS pattern error. TSERR performs a
logical inversion of the first MAS bit transmitted.
0 = no effect
1 = inject MAS error
TMERR
Inject Multiframe Error—Injects a single Fs (T1) or MFAS bit (E1) error. TMERR performs a
logical inversion of the next multiframe bit transmitted. The processor can pace writing to
TMERR to control which MFAS bit is errored.
0 = no effect
1 = inject multiframe error
TBERR
Inject PRBS Test Pattern Error—Injects a single PRBS error by logically inverting the next
PRBS generator output bit. The processor can pace writing to TBERR to create the desired bit
error ratio (up to 5E-3 if TBERR asserted 1/192 bits at every frame interrupt).
0 = no effect
1 = inject PRBS error
BSLIP/TCOFA
Inject Transmit COFA—Forces a 1-bit shift in the location of transmit frame alignment by
deleting (or inserting) one bit position from the transmit frame. During E1 modes, BSLIP
determines in which direction the bit slip will occur. In T1 modes, only one bit deletion is
provided. Note that TCOFA alters the extraction rate of data from the transmit slip buffer; thus,
repeated TCOFAs eventually cause a controlled frame slip where one frame of data is repeated
(T1/BSLIP = 0) or where one frame of data is deleted (BSLIP = 1).
TCOFA
T1/E1N
BSLIP
Transmit COFA
0
X
X
No effect
1
0
0
Inhibit output of TS0 bit 1 for one frame
1
0
1
Insert 1 prior to FAS pattern for one frame
1
1
X
Inhibit output of F-bit for one frame
TCERR
Inject CRC Error—Injects a single CRC6 (T1) or CRC4 (E1) bit error. TCERR logically invert
the next CRC bit transmitted. The processor can pace writing to TCERR to control which CRC
bit is errored.
0 = no effect
1 = inject CRC error
TFERR
Inject Frame Bit Error—Injects a single Ft, FPS, or FAS bit error, depending on the selected
transmit framer mode. TFERR logically invert the next frame bit transmitted. The processor
can pace writing to TFERR, to control which frame bit is errored.
0 = no effect
1 = inject frame error
3-74
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Inject Line Code Violation—Injects a single LCV error depending on the line mode and the
selected ZCS. In T1 mode, the LCV injector waits for transmission of two consecutive pulses
on the data output before performing BPV error insertion and clearing the TVERR bit. A BPV
error cannot be injected into a transmit data stream that does not contain two consecutive 1s.
TVERR is latched until an opportunity to inject a BPV error is presented, thus preventing the
receiving end from detecting frame or multiframe bit errors, CRC errors, multiple BPV errors
(due to ZCS pattern corruption), or PRBS test pattern bit errors as a consequence of error
insertion. In E1 mode with HDB3 selected, the LCV injector sends two consecutive BPVs of
the same polarity, which causes the receiving end to detect a single LCV error.
0 = no effect
1 = inject line code violation
TVERR
074—Transmit Manual Sa-Byte/FEBE Configuration (TMAN)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
INS_SA[8]
INS_SA[7]
INS_SA[6]
INS_SA[5]
INS_SA[4]
FEBE_II
FEBE_I
TFEBE
INS_SA[8]
Manual Sa8-Byte Transmit (0-bypass)
INS_SA[7]
Manual Sa7-Byte Transmit (0-bypass)
INS_SA[6]
Manual Sa6-Byte Transmit (0-bypass)
INS_SA[5]
Manual Sa5-Byte Transmit (0-bypass)
INS_SA[4]
Manual Sa4-Byte Transmit (0-bypass)
FEBE_II
Bit to manually transmit in FEBE bit position of Frame 15.
FEBE_I
Bit to manually transmit in FEBE bit position of Frame 13.
TFEBE
Manual Transmit FEBE (Overrides INS_FE; addr 072)—Provides a manual override for
FEBE bits that are normally sent by the alarm formatter [INS_FE; addr 072]. When active,
FEBE_I controls the data output in TS0 bit 1 of frame 13 (FEBE13), and FEBE_II controls the
data output in TS0 bit 1 of frame 15 (FEBE15).
INS_FE
TFEBE
FEBE[13]
0
X
TPCMI
TPCMI
Bypass FEBE
1
0
SMF I
SMF II
Automatic FEBE
1
1
FEBE_I
FEBE_II
Manual FEBE
NOTE:
N8370DSE
FEBE[15]
Description
Automatic FEBE insertion uses two CRC4 error signals from the receiver to
indicate SMF I and SMF II errors. Each error signal is latched and held for one
full multiframe to compensate for phase differences between receive and transmit
multiframe timing.
Conexant
3-75
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
075—Transmit Alarm Signal Configuration (TALM)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
AUTO_MYEL
AUTO_YEL
AUTO_AIS
TMYEL
TYEL
TAIS
AUTO_MYEL /TMYEL Automatic
Manual Transmit Multiframe Yellow Alarm—Applicable to E1 modes only.
Automatic mode sends Multiframe Yellow Alarm for the duration of a receive loss of CAS
alignment [SRED; addr 049]. Manual mode sends Y16 Multiframe Yellow Alarm as long as
TMYEL is active.
AUTO_YEL/TYEL
INS_MYEL
TMYEL
AUTO_MYEL
Transmit Multiframe Yellow
0
X
X
Inactive, supplied by TPCMI
1
0
0
Inactive, supplied by TPCMI
1
0
1
E1–Y16–follows SRED status
1
1
X
E1–Y16
Automatic Manual Transmit Yellow Alarm—Automatic mode sends a Yellow Alarm for the
duration of a receive loss of frame alignment [FRED; addr 049]. Manual mode sends the alarm
as long as TYEL is active and Yellow Alarm insertion [INS_YEL; addr 072] is enabled.
INS_YEL
TYEL
AUTO_YEL
Transmit Yellow Alarm
0
X
X
Supplied by TPCMI
1
0
0
Inactive(1)
1
0
1
Follows FRED status
1
1
X
Active
NOTE(S):
(1) When Inactive, time slot data passes through transmitter without modification.
2. To transmit T1DM Yellow Alarm (Y24), the processor must program TDL1,
TDL2, or TSLIP buffer to transmit Y-bit output in time slot 24.
3-76
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
AUTO_AIS /TAIS
Automatic Manual Transmit Alarm Indication Signal—When activated manually (TAIS) or
automatically (AUTO_AIS), the alarm formatter replaces all data output on TPOSO/TNEGO
and XTIP/XRING with an unframed all-1s signal (AIS). This includes replacing data supplied
from TPOSI/TNEGI and from the receiver during line loopback [LLOOP; addr 014].
Automatic mode sends AIS for the duration of receive loss of signal [RLOS; addr 047] or
receive loss of clock [RLOC; addr 047], depending on the analog or digital line interface
option [RDIGI; addr 020]. If AISCLK [addr 068] is enabled, TAIS also provides manual
switch control over ACKI clock input. AUTO_AIS does not affect ACKI switching.
AIS transmission [TAIS, AUTO_AIS; addr 075, or AISCLK; addr 068] does not affect
transmit data that is looped back to the receiver during framer loopback [FLOOP; addr 014].
This allows both FLOOP and LLOOP to be active simultaneously during loss of signal,
without disrupting data in the framer loopback path.
TAIS
AUTO_AIS
AISC
LK
Transmit Data
Transmit Clock
(TCKO)
0
0
0
Normal, No AIS
TCKI
0
0
1
AIS during TLOC
ACKI while TLOC
0
1
0
AIS During RLOS/RLOC
TCKI
0
1
1
AIS During TLOC or RLOS
ACKI while TLOC
1
X
0
Manual AIS
TCKI
1
X
1
Manual AIS and ACKI
ACKI
NOTE:
Systems that transmit framed all ones can utilize inband loopback code generator
[TLB; addr 077] to send all ones in payload only.
076—Transmit Test Pattern Configuration (TPATT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
TPSTART
FRAMED
ZLIMIT
TPATT[1]
TPATT[0]
TPSTART
Enable Test Pattern Transmission.
FRAMED
PRBS Framed—When set, the PRBS pattern does not overwrite framing bit positions and is
stopped during these bit periods. In T1 mode, the frame bit (every 193rd bit) is not overwritten.
In E1 mode, the PRBS test pattern is not written to time slot 0 (FAS and NFAS words) and
time slot 16 (CAS signalling word) if CAS framing is also selected. CAS framing is selected
by setting TFRAME[3] to 1 in the Transmit Configuration register [TCR0; addr 070]. If
FRAMED is disabled, the test pattern is transmitted in all time slots.
ZLIMIT
Enable 0 Limit; 7/14 depending on pattern.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-77
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
TPATT[1:0]
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
PRBS test patterns used by RPATT [addr 041] and TPATT [addr 076] are defined in the ITU
standards O.151 and O.152 to use either inverted or non-inverted data. Bt8370/8375/8376 uses
standard data inversion for the selected PRBS test pattern unless ZLIMIT is enabled, in which
case the test pattern uses non-inverted data (see Table 3-21).
Table 3-21. Transmit PRBS Test Pattern
FRAMED
ZLIMIT
TPATT
0
0
00
Unframed 211
No
0
0
01
Unframed 215
Yes
0
0
10
Unframed 220
No
0
0
11
Unframed 223
Yes
0
1
00
Unframed 211 with 7 zero limit
No
0
1
01
Unframed 215 with 7 zero limit
No
0
1
10
Unframed 220 with 14 zero limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS)
No
0
1
11
Unframed 223 with 14 zero limit (non-std)
No
1
0
00
Framed 211
No
1
0
01
Framed 215
Yes
1
0
10
Framed 220
No
1
0
11
Framed 223
Yes
1
1
00
Framed 211 with 7 zero limit
No
1
1
01
Framed 215 with 7 zero limit (non std)
No
1
1
10
Framed 220 with 14 zero limit (QRSS/QRS/QRTS))
No
1
1
11
Framed 223 with 14 zero limit (non-std)
No
3-78
Test Pattern
Conexant
Inversion
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.12 Transmitter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
077—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Configuration (TLB)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
LB_LEN[1]
LB_LEN[0]
UNFRAMED
LBSTART
LB_LEN[1:0]
Inband Loopback Code Length (from LBP):
00 = 4 bits
01 = 5 bits
10 = 6 bits
11 = 7 bits
UNFRAMED
Loopback Code Overwrites Framing
LBSTART
Start Inband Loopback Code Transmission
078—Transmit Inband Loopback Code Pattern (LBP)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
LBP[1]
LBP[2]
LBP[3]
LBP[4]
LBP[5]
LBP[6]
LBP[7]
—
LBP[1]
First bit transmitted
LBP[2]
Second bit transmitted
LBP[3]
Third bit transmitted
LBP[4]
Fourth bit transmitted
LBP[5]
Fifth bit transmitted
LBP[6]
Sixth bit transmitted
LBP[7]
Seventh bit transmitted
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-79
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
Five transmit Sa-Byte buffers (TSA4–TSA8) are used to insert Sa-bits in TS0. The entire group of 40 bits is
sampled every 16 frames, coincident with the TMF interrupt boundary [addr 008]. Bit 0 from each TSA register
is then inserted during frame 1: bit 1 is inserted during frame 3; bit 2 is inserted during frame 5; and so on. This
gives the processor a maximum of 2 ms after the TMF interrupt to write new Sa-Byte buffer values. Transmit
Sa-bits maintain a fixed relationship to the transmit CRC multiframe.
07B—Transmit Sa4 Byte Buffer (TSA4)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSA4[7]
TSA4[6]
TSA4[5]
TSA4[4]
TSA4[3]
TSA4[2]
TSA4[1]
TSA4[0]
TSA4[7]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 15
TSA4[6]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 13
TSA4[5]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 11
TSA4[4]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 9
TSA4[3]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 7
TSA4[2]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 5
TSA4[1]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 3
TSA4[0]
Sa4 bit transmitted in frame 1
07C—Transmit Sa5 Byte Buffer (TSA5)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSA5[7]
TSA5[6]
TSA5[5]
TSA5[4]
TSA5[3]
TSA5[2]
TSA5[1]
TSA5[0]
TSA5[7]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 15
TSA5[6]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 13
TSA5[5]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 11
TSA5[4]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 9
TSA5[3]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 7
TSA5[2]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 5
TSA5[1]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 3
TSA5[0]
Sa5 bit transmitted in frame 1
3-80
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
07D—Transmit Sa6 Byte Buffer (TSA6)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSA6[7]
TSA6[6]
TSA6[5]
TSA6[4]
TSA6[3]
TSA6[2]
TSA6[1]
TSA6[0]
TSA6[7]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 15
TSA6[6]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 13
TSA6[5]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 11
TSA6[4]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 9
TSA6[3]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 7
TSA6[2]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 5
TSA6[1]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 3
TSA6[0]
Sa6 bit transmitted in frame 1
07E—Transmit Sa7 Byte Buffer (TSA7)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSA7[7]
TSA7[6]
TSA7[5]
TSA7[4]
TSA7[3]
TSA7[2]
TSA7[1]
TSA7[0]
TSA7[7]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 15
TSA7[6]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 13
TSA7[5]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 11
TSA7[4]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 9
TSA7[3]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 7
TSA7[2]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 5
TSA7[1]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 3
TSA7[0]
Sa7 bit transmitted in frame 107F—Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer (TSA8)
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-81
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.13 Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
07F—Transmit Sa8 Byte Buffer (TSA8)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSA8[7]
TSA8[6]
TSA8[5]
TSA8[4]
TSA8[3]
TSA8[2]
TSA8[1]
TSA8[0]
TSA8[7]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 15
TSA8[6]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 13
TSA8[5]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 11
TSA8[4]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 9
TSA8[3]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 7
TSA8[2]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 5
TSA8[1]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 3
TSA8[0]
Sa8 bit transmitted in frame 1
3-82
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
090—Clock Rate Adapter Configuration (CLAD_CR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CEN
XSEL[2]
XSEL[1]
XSEL[0]
LFGAIN[3]
LFGAIN[2]
LFGAIN[1]
LFGAIN[0]
CEN
Enable CLAD Phase Detector—When active, the CPHASE detector compares the CLAD
reference (CLADI/RSCALE) to the CLAD variable (CLADV/VSCALE), and sends the
resulting phase error information to the NCO. When inactive, the CLADI signal is ignored and
JEN or JFREE [addr 002] selects the input timing reference.
CEN
JEN
JFREE
JDIR
0
0
1
X
REFCKI = Free running 10 MHz clock
0
1
1
0
REFCKI = Free running 10 MHz clock with transmit
JAT
0
1
1
1
REFCKI = Free running 10 MHz clock with receive
JAT
0
1
0
0
TXCLK = TCKI or ACKI per AISCLK [addr 068]
0
1
0
1
RXCLK = RPLL or RCKI per RDIGI [addr 020]
1
0
0
X
CLADI = System clock, bypass JAT elastic store
1
1
0
0
CLADI = System clock, with transmit JAT
1
1
0
1
CLADI = System clock, with receive JAT
NOTE:
XSEL[2:0]
N8370DSE
CLAD Input Timing Reference
JCLK always operates at T1 or E1 line rate selected by T1/E1N.
Line Rate Multiple Select—The CLAD divider chain outputs (CLADO and CLADV) can be
programmed to operate at 20 to 23 times (1 X to 32 X) the T1/E1 line rate. XSEL chooses the
multiplier. This is applicable only when OSEL or VSEL [addr 091] selects the multiplier
output.
XSEL
Output (kHz)
T1/E1N = 0
Output (kHz)
T1/E1N = 1
Line Rate Multiplier
0
2048
1544
1X
1
4096
3088
2X
2
8192
6176
4X
3
16384
12352
8X
4, 5, 6, 7
—
—
Reserved
Conexant
3-83
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers
LFGAIN[3:0]
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Loop Filter Gain—Determines CLAD jitter tolerance and jitter attenuation characteristics by
selecting the NCO loop filter's proportional phase error gain. Lower gain values improve jitter
tolerance by reducing phase response time, but provide less jitter attenuation. Higher gain
values increase the phase response time and improve jitter attenuation at the expense of loop
acquisition time.
NOTE:
Loop instability or acquisition failures may result from incorrectly programmed
LFGAIN values. Typically, LFGAIN is programmed to provide a minimum 3 Hz loop
bandwidth and 20 dB/decade jitter attenuation with 6 Hz filter cutoff frequency.
LFGAIN values of 5 or 6 are typically chosen to meet jitter requirements.
LFGAIN
Proportional Gain
0000
1/20
|
|
1111
1/215
091—CLAD Frequency Select (CSEL)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
VSEL[3]
VSEL[2]
VSEL[1]
VSEL[0]
OSEL[3]
OSEL[2]
OSEL[1]
OSEL[0]
VSEL[3:0]
3-84
CLADV Frequency Select—Applicable only if CEN [addr 90] is active. Picks one of eight
CLAD divider chain frequencies to feed back to the CPHASE detector. (Refer to Tables 2-8
through 2-9 for programming examples.) The selected CLADV frequency passes to VSCALE
for further division before phase detector comparison.
VSEL
CLADV Frequency (kHz)
0000
1024
0001
2048
0010
4096
0011
8192
0100
2560
0101
1544
0110
1536
0111
T1/E1 line rate x 2XSEL (addr 090)
1xxx
16,384
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
OSEL[3:0]
CLADO Frequency Select—Picks one of eight CLAD divider chain frequencies to output on
the CLADO pin. (Refer to Table 2-8, CLADO Frequencies Selection through 2-9 for
programming examples with various input timing references.)
OSEL
CLADO Frequency (kHz)
0000
1024
0001
2048
0010
4096
0011
8192
0100
2560
0101
1544
0110
1536
0111
Multiplier = T1/E1 line rate x 2XSEL (addr 090)
1xxx
16,384
092—CLAD Phase Detector Scale Factor (CPHASE)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
RSCALE[2]
RSCALE[1]
RSCALE[0]
—
VSCALE[2]
VSCALE[1]
VSCALE[0]
RSCALE[2:0]
CLAD Reference Scale Factor—Divides CLADI signal by 2[RSCALE] to form CLADR input to
CPHASE detector. Applicable only if CEN [addr 090] is active. Allows the system to supply
CLADI frequency, up to a maximum of 128 times the desired CLADR reference frequency.
RSCALE
VSCALE[2:0]
CLADR Reference
000
1
CLADR = CLADI
001
2
CLADR = CLADI/2
010
4
CLADR = CLADI/4
011
8
CLADR = CLADI/8
100
16
CLADR = CLADI/16
101
32
CLADR = CLADI/32
110
64
CLADR = CLADI/64
111
128
CLADR = CLADI/128
CLAD Variable Scale Factor—Divides CLADV signal by 2[VSCALE] before use in the
CPHASE detector. Applicable only if CEN [addr 090] is active. Allows the system to select
CLADV frequency that is up to 128 times CLADR.
VSCALE
N8370DSE
Scale Factor
Scale Factor
CPHASE Variable Input
000
1
CLADV selected by VSEL [addr 091]
001
2
CLADV/2
010
4
CLADV/4
011
8
CLADV/8
100
16
CLADV/16
101
32
CLADV/32
110
64
CLADV/64
111
128
CLADV/128
Conexant
3-85
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.14 Clock Rate Adapter Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
093—CLAD Test (CTEST)
For Conexant test purposes only. Set to 0 for normal operation.
3-86
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
PNSEL
D20A
TBUS
RWINI
JINIT
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3
3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
The Bit Oriented Protocol (BOP) transceiver sends and receives BOP messages, including ESF Yellow
Alarm, which consists of repeated 16-bit patterns with an embedded 6-bit codeword. The BOP message channel
is configured to operate over the same channel selected by the DL1 Time Slot Enable register [DL1_TS;
addr 0A4]. Therefore, DL1 must be configured and enabled to allow BOP operation, as described in Table 3-22.
Table 3-22. (Datalink Configuration Register Description)
Datalink Configuration
Registers
Value
Description
DL1_TS [addr 0A4]
0x40
Enabling odd frames, Fbit(T1)
DL1_BIT [addr 0A5]
0x00
Select bits to use in time slot.
DL1_CTL [addr 0A6]
0x03
Select normal FIFO mode, FCS, Tx enabled, Rx enabled.
RDL1_FFC [addr 0A7]
00######
###### is the threshold for receiver FIFO near full.
TDL1_FEC [addr 0AB]
00######
###### is the threshold for transmit FIFO near empty.
The BOP message channel must be configured to operate over the FDL channel for BOP messages to convey
Priority, Command, and Response codeword messages according to ANSI T1.403, Section 9.4.1. The
precedence of transmitted BOP messages with respect to current DL1 transmit activity is configurable
[TBOP_MODE; addr 0A0]. BOP messages can also be transmitted during E1 mode, although the 16-bit
codeword pattern has not been adopted as an E1 standard. BOP message format:
0xxxxxx011111111 (transmitted right to left)
[543210]6-bit codeword
0A0—Bit Oriented Protocol Transceiver (BOP)
7
6
5
4
3
2
RBOP_START
RBOP_INTEG
RBOP_LEN[1]
RBOP_LEN[0]
TBOP_LEN[1]
TBOP_LEN[0]
RBOP_START
N8370DSE
1
0
TBOP_MODE[1] TBOP_MODE[0]
BOP Receiver Enable—When active, the BOP receiver searches the FDL channel for data that
matches a 16-bit pattern in the form of 0xxxxxx011111111, where xxxxxx equals a 6-bit
codeword. Otherwise, the BOP receiver is disabled.
0 = disabled
1 = BOP receiver enable
Conexant
3-87
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers
RBOP_INTEG
TBOP_LEN[1:0]
3-88
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RBOP Integration—Requires receipt of two identical, consecutive 16-bit patterns (without
errors or gaps between patterns) to validate a single codeword. In this case, an errored
codeword does not increment the pattern count. RBOP integration must be enabled to meet
codeword detection criteria while receiving a 1E-3 bit error ratio. RBOP_INTEG adds at least
one to the number of successive 16-bit patterns needed to qualify receipt of BOP message (2 in
a row counts as 1 pattern; 11 in a row counts as 10; and 26 in a row counts as 25).
0 = no integration
1 = RBOP integrationRBOP_LEN[1:0]
RBOP Message Length—Selects the number of successive identical 16-bit patterns needed
to qualify receipt of a single BOP message and update RBOP [addr 0A2] with the received
codeword. During this time, the RBOP interrupt [ISR1; addr 00A] is also activated. Successive
patterns can be separated by any number of bits, as long as they do not contain a different valid
codeword.
RBOP_LEN
Successive Patterns
00
1
Single 16-bit pattern updates RBOP
Notes
01
10
Minimum command, response length
10
25
Preferred command, response length
11
Change
RBOP updates on receipt of each new
pattern
TBOP Message Length—Selects the number of repeated 16-bit patterns sent as a single
message when a TBOP [addr 0A1] codeword is written. Another message with the same or
different codeword value can be written to TBOP as soon as prior message start is
acknowledged, via activation of a TBOP interrupt [ISR2; addr 009]. If no new message is
written, the FDL channel returns to TDL1 output control upon completion of message
transmission. The processor changes TBOP_LEN to end transmission of a continuously
repeating message.
TBOP_LEN
Repeated
Patterns
Message
Length (ms)
00
1
4
Single message sends 16 FDL bits
01
10
40
Minimum command, response length
10
25
100
11
Continuous
Continuous
Conexant
Notes
Preferred command
Required for ESF Yellow Alarm
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TBOP_MODE[1:0]
Transmit BOP mode—Enables the BOP transmitter and establishes priority of TBOP [addr
0A1] output in relation to TDL1 [addr 0AD] output. When TBOP messages are given output
priority, any write to TBOP aborts TDL1 output within the next 8 FDL bit times and suspends
TDL1 data output until TBOP has completed transmission. The processor can check TMSG1
status [addr 0AE] before writing TBOP to determine if TDL1 output is idle. The TDL1 buffer
can be written while TBOP is granted priority.
When TDL1 messages are given output priority, TBOP output is suspended when the TDL1
buffer becomes non-empty. In case of multiple pending messages, PRM messages have highest
priority, then BOP, and then TDL1. Furthermore, TBOP is forced to wait until the TDL1 buffer
is empty and the TDL1 output is in the idle state before TBOP output is granted priority. If
TBOP_LEN is continuous, and TDL1/PRM message output is pending, then TBOP is
suspended at the next 16-bit pattern boundary. TDL1 priority is used to transmit PRM, DS1
Idle (ISID), or optional path maintenance (PID, TSID) messages, which are separated by ESF
Yellow Alarm codewords, as defined in Annex D of ANSI T1.403.
TBOP_MODE
Mode Description
0X
Disabled: TBOP writes are ignored
10
TBOP output priority
11
TDL1 output priority
0A1—Transmit BOP Codeword (TBOP)
Writing a codeword into TBOP transmits a BOP message. The LSB is transmitted first.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
TBOP[5]
TBOP[4]
TBOP[3]
TBOP[2]
TBOP[1]
TBOP[0]
TBOP[5]
Sixth bit transmitted
TBOP[4]
Fifth bit transmitted
TBOP[3]
Fourth bit transmitted
TBOP[2]
Third bit transmitted
TBOP[1]
Second bit transmitted
TBOP[0]
Transmit BOP codeword; first bit transmitted
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-89
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.15 Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0A2—Receive BOP Codeword (RBOP)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RBOP_LOST
RBOP_VALID
RBOP[5]
RBOP[4]
RBOP[3]
RBOP[2]
RBOP[1]
RBOP[0]
RBOP_LOST
Previous Message Overwritten—Activated when RBOP is updated and RBOP_VALID is
already set, indicating the previous codeword was never read by the processor.
0 = no error
1 = prior codeword lost
RBOP_VALID
RBOP Message Valid—Set each time RBOP[5:0] is updated with a codeword value. Reading
from RBOP clears RBOP_VALID.
0 = no message or message read
1 = new RBOP message received
RBOP[5]
Sixth bit received
RBOP[4]
Fifth bit received
RBOP[3]
Fourth bit received
RBOP[2]
Third bit received
RBOP[1]
Second bit received
RBOP[0]
Receive BOP codeword, first bit received
0A3—BOP Status (BOP_STAT)
Real-time status of the BOP transmitter and receiver are reported primarily for diagnostic purposes.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TBOP_ACTIVE
RBOP_ACTIVE
—
—
—
—
—
—
TBOP_ACTIVE
TBOP Active—Remains set for the entire length of a message as defined by TBOP_LEN[1:0]
[addr 0A0].
RBOP_ACTIVE
RBOP Active—If RBOP_LEN [addr 0A0] is programmed to 10 or 25, RBOP_ACTIVE is set
at the end of the first pattern and held active until the desired number of patterns is detected.
The RBOP interrupt is then generated. RBOP_ACTIVE does not toggle when RBOP_LEN is
programmed to 1.
3-90
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3
3.16 Data Link Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no
effect.
The Bt8370 and Bt8375 contain two independent Data Link Controllers (DL1, DL2) that are programmed to
send and receive HDLC formatted or unformatted serial data over any combination of bits within a selected time
slot. The serial data channels operate at a multiple of 4 kbps, up to the full 64 kbps time slot rate, by selecting a
combination of time slot bits from odd, even, or all frames. DL1 and DL2 each contain a 64-byte receive and
64-byte transmit buffer which function as programmable length circular buffers or as full-length data FIFOs.
The Bt8376 device contains only a single controller, DL1.
0A4—DL1 Time Slot Enable (DL1_TS)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DL1_TS[7]
DL1_TS[6]
DL1_TS[5]
DL1_TS[4]
DL1_TS[3]
DL1_TS[2]
DL1_TS[1]
DL1_TS[0]
DL1_TS[7]
Unchannelized—Test mode only, all time slots selected. Zero for normal operation.
DL1_TS[6, 5]
Frame Select—Transmit and receive data link 1 operates on data only during specified T1/E1
frames. Frame select options give the processor access to different types of data link channels
and overhead channels. Overhead bit insertion is performed after TDL1, so internal transmitter
overhead insertion must be bypassed [TFRM; addr 072] before processor-supplied overhead
can be output from TDL1.
00 = all frames
01 = even frames only
10 = odd frames only
11 = reserved
DL1_TS[4:0]
Time Slot Word Enable—Transmit and receive data link 1 operates on data only during the
specified time slot. During T1 mode, selecting time slot 0 enables data link operation on the
F-bit positions.
N8370DSE
DL1_TS[4:0]
Time slot Enable
00000
F-bit (T1) or TS0 (E1)
00001
TS1
|
|
11110
TS30
11111
TS31
Conexant
3-91
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0A5—DL1 Bit Enable (DL1_BIT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DL1_BIT[7]
DL1_BIT[6]
DL1_BIT[5]
DL1_BIT[4]
DL1_BIT[3]
DL1_BIT[2]
DL1_BIT[1]
DL1_BIT[0]
DL1_BIT[7:0]
DL1 Bit Select—Works in conjunction with DL1_TS [addr 0A4] to select one or more time
slot bits for data link input and output. Any combination of bits can be enabled by writing the
corresponding DL1_BIT active (high). The LSB enables first bit transmitted or received, and
MSB enables eighth bit transmitted or received. DL1_BIT has no effect when DL1_TS selects
T1 F-bits.
0 = disable data link bit
1 = enable data link bit
0A6—DL1 Control (DL1_CTL)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
TDL1_RPT
DL1[1]
DL1[0]
TDL1_EN
RDL1_EN
TDL1_RPT
The Circular Buffer/FIFO control bit [TDL1_RPT; addr 0A6] allows the FIFO to act as a
circular buffer; in this mode, a message can be transmitted repeatedly. This feature is available
only for unformatted transmit data link applications. The processor can repeatedly send fixed
patterns on the selected channel by writing a 1- to 64-byte message into the circular buffer. The
programmed message length repeats until the processor writes a new message. The first byte of
each unformatted message is output automatically, aligned to the first frame of a 24-, or
16-frame transmit multiframe (SF/ESF/MFAS). This allows the processor to source overhead
or data elements aligned to the TX timebase. In both SF and ESF T1 modes, unformatted
messages are aligned on 24-frame boundaries. Therefore, in SF applications, the repeating
message must be designed to span two SF multiframes. Each unformatted message written is
output-aligned only after the preceding message completes transmission. Therefore, data
continuity is retained during the linkage of consecutive messages, provided that the contents of
each message consist of a multiple of the multiframe length.
DL1[1: 0]
Data Link 1 mode—Selects either HDLC-formatted Frame Check Sequence (FCS) or
Non-FCS transmit and receive data link message mode or unformatted (Pack8 or Pack6)
message mode. During HDLC modes, the transmit/receive circuits perform zero
insertion/removal after each occurrence of five consecutive 1s contained in the message bits,
FLAG (0x7E) character insertion/removal during idle channel conditions, and ABORT (0xFF)
code insertion/detection upon errored channel conditions. Refer to ITU-T Recommendation
Q.921 for complete details of the HDLC link-layer protocol. FCS mode automatically
generates, inserts, and checks the 16-bit FCS without passing FCS bits through transmit and
receive FIFOs. Non-FCS mode passes all message bits that exist between the opening and
closing FLAG characters through the FIFOs, without generating or checking FCS bits.
Non-FCS mode allows the processor to generate and check the entire contents of each HDLC
frame.
Unformatted data link modes provide transparent channel access, in which every data link
bit transmitted is supplied by the processor through TDL1, and each bit received is passed to
the processor through RDL1 [addr 0A8]. Pack8 and Pack6 unformatted mode options select
the number of bits per byte that are stored in transmit/receive FIFOs—8 or 6 bits, respectively.
3-92
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
In T1 modes, only Pack6 is applicable. In E1, unformatted mode cannot be used if
FAS_MFAS_CAS receive framing is configured. The only data processing performed during
unformatted mode is the alignment of transmitted data bits with respect to the receive and
transmit multiframe. Please see the valid modes for Pack8 and Pack6 in the table shown below.
00 = HDLC with FCS
01 = HDLC without FCS
10 = Unformatted Pack8
11 = Unformatted Pack6
The following initializations are required when Pack8 or Pack6 is selected:
If (Dlink mode == Pack8 or PACK6)
{
DL_TEST[1] = 0x03
** The value DL_TEST[1] = 0x2 is for DLINK#1,
and 0x3 is for DLINK#2.
TEST
= 0x02
DL_TEST[5] = 0x60
** DL_TEST[4] is for DLINK #1
DL_TEST[5] = 0x10
** DL_TEST[5] is for DLINK #2
TDL2
= 0x0
TDL2_EOM = 0x0
TEST
= 0x0
}
PACK8 and PACK6 would be applicable for the following applications:
Configuration
N8370DSE
1
2
3
CR0.T_E1N
E1
E1
T1
CR0.RFRAME
FAS
FAS_MFAS
FAS_CAS
FAS
FAS_MFAS
FAS_CAS
Any
DL1_1CTL.DL
PACK8
PACK8
PACK6
DL1_TS.FRAME
ODD,
EVEN
ALL FRAMES
ALL FRAMES
ODD,
EVEN,
EVERY_
OTHER_
Even
DL1_TS, DL_TS
Any
Any
Any
DL1_BIT, DL_BIT
Two bits or more
Any
Any
Conexant
3-93
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TDL1_EN
Transmit Data Link 1 Enable—When enabled, the transmitter begins to empty and format the
contents of the transmit data link FIFO for output during the selected time slot bits according
to the selected DL1[1:0] mode. It enables generation of transmitter data link interrupt events.
0 = disabled
1 = enable transmit data link
RDL1_EN
Receive Data Link 1 Enable—When enabled, the receiver begins to format data from the
selected time slot bits and fills the receive data link FIFO according to the selected DL1[1:0]
mode. It also enables generation of receiver data link interrupt events.
0 = disabled
1 = enable receive data link
3-94
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0A7—RDL #1 FIFO Fill Control (RDL1_FFC)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MSG_FILL[1]
MSG_FILL[0]
FFC[5]
FFC[4]
FFC[3]
FFC[2]
FFC[1]
FFC[0]
MSG_FILL[1:0]
N8370DSE
Unformatted Message Fill Limit—Applicable only for Pack8 and Pack6 modes, the message
fill limit selects how many receive FIFO locations [RDL1; addr 0A8] are filled before the
receive data link generates an RFULL interrupt [ISR2; addr 009] and generates a
corresponding RDL1 Partial message status word entry. Fill limit determines how many bytes
constitute an unformatted message, and also gives the processor an alternative to using
RNEAR interrupts to signal the end of a received unformatted message.
The number of bits per unformatted message must divide evenly by the number of bits
monitored per multiframe. For example, SLC applications monitor Fs-bits during even frames
for a total of 36 bits monitored out of 72 frames. Using Pack6 mode, that group of 36 Fs-bits
from each SLC multiframe can be chosen to constitute one unformatted message by selecting a
message fill limit which equals 6 bytes (of 6 bits/byte). In the SLC example, an RFULL
interrupt would be generated every 9 ms on each SLC multiframe boundary. Fill limits
provided for T1 cases are multiples of 6 bytes (i.e., 6, 12 or 18 FIFO locations) to hold one or
more multiframes of monitored data. In E1 mode, fill limits are specified in multiples of 8
bytes to correspond with the 16-frame multiframe lengths (i.e., monitoring CRC4 in MFAS
framing mode, or monitoring TS16 in CAS framing mode).
T1/E1N
MSG_FILL[1:0]
Message Fill Limit
X
00
Disabled
0
01
8 bytes
0
10
16 bytes
0
11
24 bytes
1
01
6 bytes
1
10
12 bytes
1
11
18 bytes
Conexant
3-95
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
FFC[5:0]
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Near Full FIFO Threshold—Selects FIFO depth of near full interrupt [RNEAR; addr 009] and
near full level status [RNEAR1; addr 0A9]. The RNEAR interrupt and RNEAR1 indicator are
both activated when the number of empty FIFO locations equals the selected threshold. The
threshold controls how many data and/or status bytes (64 minus threshold value) that the
processor must read from RDL1 after the RNEAR interrupt so it can clear the RNEAR1
indicator. The threshold also determines how much time remains (in bytes) for the processor to
read RDL1 before the receive FIFO is full. If a receive message is in progress when the near
full threshold is reached, the receiver issues a message interrupt [RMSG; addr 009] and places
a Partial message in the receive FIFO.
FFC[5:0]
Empty @ RNEAR
Filled @ RNEAR
00 0000
none
64 = RFULL
00 0001
1 empty FIFO location
63 filled
00 0010
2 empty FIFO locations
62 filled
|
|
|
11 1110
64 empty FIFO locations
1 filled
11 1111
63 empty FIFO locations
0 filled = empty
0A8—Receive Data Link FIFO #1 (RDL1)
Two different read byte values are supplied: WORD0 equals message status, and WORD1 equals message data.
The processor determines which byte value is located in the FIFO by reading the receiver data link status
[RDL1_STAT; addr 0A9]. In some cases, multiple consecutive status bytes can be placed in the FIFO, so the
processor must always read RDL1_STAT before reading RDL1. This allows it to distinguish between WORD0
and WORD1 byte values. However, each time a non-0 byte count [RDL1_CNT] status is read, the processor is
guaranteed that the next byte read from RDL1 will be message data [WORD1], not message status. Status byte
and a message data byte each occupy 1 byte of FIFO space.
WORD0: Message Status
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EOM[1]
EOM[0]
RDL1_CNT[5]
RDL1_CNT[4]
RDL1_CNT[3]
RDL1_CNT[2]
RDL1_CNT[1]
RDL1_CNT[0]
EOM[1, 0]
3-96
End of Message—Receive data link reports an End of Message status for each occurrence of a
complete (Good), a continued (Partial), an errored (FCS/Non-integer), or an aborted (Abort)
message.
Properly received unformatted messages are reported with a Partial end of message status.
The processor responds to Good or Partial status by reading the indicated number of data bytes
[RDL1_CNT] from RDL1. For abort or error cases, RDL1_CNT equals 0 to indicate all that
received data from that message was discarded.
A Good status with RDL1_CNT=0 is reported if the processor reads RDL1 while the
receiver is in progress of filling the FIFO (in which case RDL1_STAT contains RSTAT1=1 and
RMSG1=1). If an abort or error status with zero byte count is reported after the processor has
already buffered a prior HDLC partial message, that partial buffered processor data should be
discarded.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Abort status is reported if the receiver detects a string of 7 or more consecutive 1s during an
HDLC message. FCS error status is reported if FCS mode is enabled, and the checksum
calculated over the received HDLC message does not match the received 16-bit FCS.
Non-integer error status is reported if the receiver detects a closing FLAG character that yields
an HDLC message length that is not an integer number of 8-bit octets.
00 = Good
01 = FCS/Non-integer
10 = Abort
11 = Partial
RDL1_CNT[5:0]
Byte Count [5:0]—Indicates the number of Message Data [WORD1] bytes stored in
subsequent consecutive FIFO locations and which constitute one received message. The
reported byte count is the actual number of bytes, from 0 to 63 bytes, where 0 indicates 0 bytes
for the processor to read. The processor can either read the specified number of message data
bytes consecutively from RDL1, or poll RDL1_STAT after reading each data byte until
RDL1_STAT reports an end of message (i.e., RMPTY1=1 or RSTAT1=1).
WORD1: Message Data
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RDL1[7]
RDL1[6]
RDL1[5]
RDL1[4]
RDL1[3]
RDL1[2]
RDL1[1]
RDL1[0]
RDL1[7:0]
Receive Message Data—Filled by the receiver data link, from LSB to MSB, with bits from the
selected channel. The processor reads 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8 modes. During
Pack6 mode, only the six least significant bits RDL1[5:0] are filled.
0A9—RDL #1 Status (RDL1_STAT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
RMSG1
RSTAT1
RMPTY1
RNEAR1
RFULL1
RMSG1
In-Progress Receive Message—Real time status of receive message sequencer is provided
mostly for processor-polled applications. During HDLC modes, RMSG1 is high for the
interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate that the receiver is filling
FIFO locations (in which case RSTAT1 is also held high). RMSG1 is low while the channel
receives FLAG or abort characters. During unformatted modes, RMSG1 is high continuously.
0 = channel idle
1 = channel actively filling FIFO
RSTAT1
Next, FIFO Read Equals Message Status—For non-empty FIFO conditions (RMPTY1=0),
RSTAT1 indicates that the next byte read from RDL1 returns WORD0 message status or
WORD1 message data. RSTAT1 equals zero if the FIFO is empty and no message is
in-progress. The processor polls RSTAT1 before reading RDL1 to determine how to interpret
RDL1 read byte value, or the processor checks RSTAT1 in response to RMSG interrupt [ISR2;
addr 009].
0 = RDL1 byte equals Message Data (or empty FIFO, if RMTPY1=1)
1 = RDL1 byte equals Message Status (if RMPTY1=0)
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-97
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RMPTY1
Receive FIFO Empty—Indicates no data or status bytes are present in the receive data link
FIFO.
0 = FIFO contains data or status as indicated by RSTAT1
1 = FIFO empty
RNEAR1
Receive FIFO Near Full—Indicates the data link has filled the receive FIFO to the near full
threshold level specified in FFC[5:0]. Upon reaching that level, the receiver updates the
message status byte [WORD0] placed on top of the FIFO and reports the current in-progress
message with a Partial end of message status. The processor must read those filled FIFO
locations to clear the RNEAR1 status indicator and enable the next RNEAR interrupt.
0 = FIFO depth is below the near full level
1 = FIFO is filled to the near full level
RFULL1
Receive FIFO Full—Indicates the data link has completely filled 64 byte locations in the
receive FIFO. In all cases, RFULL1 is an error indicating that the processor did not keep pace
with the receiver and that one or more received messages were discarded after the FIFO
became full. The FIFO can still contain one or more Good received messages, and the
processor can still process all receive FIFO contents as usual. However, any message in
progress when FIFO reached full is discarded and reported with a Partial end of message status
and a 0 byte count (which distinguishes a full end of message status from a normal abort or
error message status).
0 = FIFO is less than full
1 = FIFO has been completely filled
0AA—Performance Report Message (PRM)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
AUTO_PRM
PRM_CR
PRM_R
PRM_U1
PRM_U2
PRM_SL
AUTO_SL
SEND_PRM
AUTO_PRM
3-98
Automatic PRM Insertion—AUTO_PRM instructs the data link transmitter to format and send
a Performance Report Message on the selected transmit channel after each occurrence of the
ONESEC interrupt. To meet PRM requirements specified in ANSI T1.403-1995, both FCS
mode [DL1_CTL; addr 0A6] and 1-second error count latching [LATCH_CNT; addr 046]
must be enabled, and the data link channel must be selected to output on Facility Data Link
(FDL) framing bits [DL1_TS=0x40; addr 0A4]. Octets 1–14 of the transmit PRM message
contents are automatically encoded (as shown in Figure A-5, Performance Report Message
Structure), based on the number of received CRC, FPS, LCV, SEF, and FRED errors
[addr 050-05A]. RFSLIP errors [SSTAT; addr 0D9] are also automatically encoded if
AUTO_SL (described below) is enabled. The remaining PRM message contents typically
remain fixed and are supplied by the processor from other bits that follow in the PRM register.
BOP priority codeword transmissions are interrupted by AUTO_PRM, if TDL1 is granted
output priority [TBOP_MODE=11; addr 0A0].
AUTO_PRM messages take up no space in the transmit data link FIFO, but are inserted on
the transmit channel only after the FIFO is empty. Therefore, if the processor needs to transmit
another type of FDL message between PRM messages, the processor must write that message
after AUTO_PRM has begun sending (i.e., after ONESEC interrupt).
0 = no automatic PRM
1 = send PRM automatically every ONESEC
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
PRM_CR
Transmit CR Message Bit—The processor writes the selected C/R bit value to send in each PRM.
PRM_R
Transmit R Message Bit—The processor writes the selected R bit value to send in each PRM.
PRM_U1
Transmit U1 Message Bit—The processor writes the selected U1 bit value to send in each PRM.
PRM_U2
Transmit U2 Message Bit—The processor writes the selected U2 bit value to send in each PRM.
PRM_SL
Transmit SL Message Bit—The processor writes the selected SL bit value to send in each PRM.
AUTO_SL
Automatic SL Bit Insertion—RFSLIP error status is encoded into the transmit PRM contents,
or the PRM_SL bit value supplied by the processor is sent.
0 = send PRM_SL value in SL bit
1 = send RFSLIP error status in SL bit
SEND_PRM
Immediately Generate and Send PRM—Similar to AUTO_PRM mode, SEND_PRM instructs
the data link transmitter to format and send a Performance Report Message according to ANSI
T1.403-1995. SEND_PRM executes immediately rather than waiting for an ONESEC
interrupt. Thus, SEND_PRM gives processor control over PRM transmit timing. This is easier
for the processor to manage if other FDL message types must also be transmitted.
0AB—TDL #1 FIFO Empty Control (TDL1_FEC)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
FEC[5]
FEC[4]
FEC[3]
FEC[2]
FEC[1]
FEC[0]
FEC[5:0]
Near Empty Transmit FIFO Threshold—Selects FIFO depth of near empty interrupt [TNEAR;
addr 009] and near empty level status [TNEAR1; addr 0AE]. The TNEAR interrupt is
activated when the number of data bytes remaining to be transmitted from the FIFO falls below
the selected threshold. The TNEAR1 indicator is active as long as the number of
processor-filled FIFO locations is below the selected threshold. Thus, TNEAR1 is active-high
when the transmit FIFO is empty, and remains active until the processor writes the selected
threshold number of bytes to TDL1 [addr 0AD]. Assuming the processor writes 64 bytes to fill
an empty FIFO, a TNEAR interrupt occurs after the transmitter has sent the number of bytes
required to bring the FIFO level back down below the selected threshold. Hence, the processor
can consecutively write 64 - FEC[5:0] number of bytes to the transmit FIFO in response to a
TNEAR interrupt. The interrupt also signifies time remaining (in bytes) for the processor to
write TDL1 before transmit FIFO is emptied. Typically, FEC[5:0] is set to a small value
(below 10-byte threshold) to minimize the number of TNEAR interrupts and maximize the
time between TNEAR interrupts.
FEC[5:0]
N8370DSE
Byte threshold @ TNEAR
Empty @ TNEAR
00 0000
disabled
disabled
00 0001
1 byte threshold
63 empty
00 0010
2 byte threshold
62 empty
|
|
|
11 1110
62 byte threshold
2 empty
11 1111
63 byte threshold
1 empty
Conexant
3-99
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0AC—TDL #1 End Of Message Control (TDL1_EOM)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TDL1_EOM
End of Transmit Message—Writing any data value to TDL1_EOM marks the last byte of data
written into the transmit FIFO as the end of an HDLC message (FCS or non-FCS mode), or the
end of a transmit circular buffer. The processor must write TDL1_EOM after writing a
complete message or after writing the last byte of a circular buffer into TDL1 [addr 0AD]. The
written data value is ignored and cannot be read back. Multiple HDLC messages are allowed
to be queued in the transmit FIFO simultaneously. The transition from one circular buffer to
another occurs only after the end of message byte of the current circular buffer has been sent.
0AD—Transmit Data Link FIFO #1 (TDL1)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TDL1[7]
TDL1[6]
TDL1[5]
TDL1[4]
TDL1[3]
TDL1[2]
TDL1[1]
TDL1[0]
TDL1[7:0]
Transmit Message Data—Output by the transmitter data link, from LSB to MSB, and sent on
the selected time slot bits. The processor writes 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8
modes. During Pack6 mode, only the six least significant bits TDL1[5:0] are used.
0AE—TDL #1 Status (TDL1_STAT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
TMSG1
TMPTY1
TNEAR1
TFULL1
TMSG1
In-Progress Transmit Message—The real-time status of the transmit message sequencer is
provided mostly for diagnostic purposes. During HDLC modes, TMSG1 is high for the
interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate the transmitter is actively
pulling data bytes from transmit FIFO locations. TMSG1 is low while the channel transmits
FLAG or Abort characters. During Unformatted and Circular Buffer modes, TMSG1 is high
continuously.
0 = channel idle
1 = channel actively emptying FIFO
TMPTY1
Transmit FIFO Empty—Indicates no message data is present in transmit data link FIFO. This
is typically checked by the processor in response to a TMSG or TNEAR interrupt. If a TMSG
interrupt occurs, the processor checks TMPTY1 to determine whether all queued messages
were sent (TMPTY1=1) or more queued messages remain to be sent (TMPTY1=0). If TNEAR
interrupt occurs, the processor confirms TMPTY1=0 to verify that the partial transmit message
was not aborted by a FIFO underrun.
0 = FIFO contains data to be transmitted
1 = FIFO empty
3-100
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TNEAR1
Transmit FIFO Near Empty—Indicates that the data link has emptied the transmit FIFO to
below the near empty threshold specified in FEC[5:0]. After sending the byte that occupied the
near empty FIFO threshold level, TNEAR1 goes active-high, which generates a TNEAR
interrupt. The processor must write data to TDL1 to fill the transmit FIFO beyond the near
empty threshold. This is necessary to clear TNEAR1 status, and enable the next TNEAR
interrupt event.
0 = FIFO depth is below the near empty level
1 = FIFO has been emptied past the near empty level
TFULL1
Transmit FIFO Full—Indicates that the processor has completely filled 64 byte locations in
transmit FIFO. While TFULL1 remains active, any subsequent processor-writes to TDL1 are
ignored. If the processor inadvertently writes to TDL1 while TFULL1 is active, the processor
must allow FIFO to become completely empty without writing to TDL1_EOM. This is
necessary to force the transmitter to send an abort character.
0 = FIFO is less than full
1 = FIFO has been completely filled
0AF—DL2 Time Slot Enable (DL2_TS)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DL2_TS[7]
DL2_TS[6]
DL2_TS[5]
DL2_TS[4]
DL2_TS[3]
DL2_TS[2]
DL2_TS[1]
DL2_TS[0]
DL2_TS[7]
Unchannelized—Test mode only, all time slots selected. Zero for normal operation.
DL2_TS[6, 5]
Frame Select—Transmit and receive data link 2 operates on data only during specified T1/E1
frames. Frame select options give the processor access to different types of data link channels
and overhead channels. Overhead bit insertion is performed after TDL1, so internal transmitter
overhead insertion must be bypassed [TFRM; addr 072] before the processor-supplied
overhead can be output from TDL2.
00 = all frames
01 = even frames only
10 = odd frames only
11 = reserved
DL2_TS[4:0]
Time Slot Word Enable—Transmit and receive data link 2 operates on data only during the
specified time slot. During T1 mode, selecting time slot 0 enables data link operation on the
F-bit positions.0B0—DL2 Bit Enable (DL2_BIT)
N8370DSE
DL2_TS[4:0]
Time Slot Enable
00000
F-bit (T1) or TS0 (E1)
00001
TS1
|
|
11110
TS30
11111
TS31
Conexant
3-101
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0B0—DL2 Bit Enable (DL2_BIT)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DL2_BIT[7]
DL2_BIT[6]
DL2_BIT[5]
DL2_BIT[4]
DL2_BIT[3]
DL2_BIT[2]
DL2_BIT[1]
DL2_BIT[0]
DL2_BIT[7:0]
DL2 Bit Select—Works in conjunction with DL2_TS [addr 0AF] to select 1 or more time slot
bits for data link input and output. Any combination of bits can be enabled by writing the
corresponding DL2_BIT active (high). Where the LSB enables first bit transmitted or received,
and MSB enables eighth bit transmitted or received, DL2_BIT has no effect when DL2_TS
selects T1 F-bits.
0 = disable data link bit
1 = enable data link bit
0B1—DL2 Control (DL2_CTL)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
TDL2_RPT
DL2[1]
DL2[0]
TDL2_EN
RDL2_EN
TDL2_RPT
The Circular Buffer/FIFO control bit [TDL2_RPT; addr 0B1] allows the FIFO to act as a
circular buffer; in this mode, a message can be transmitted repeatedly. This feature is available
only for unformatted transmit data link applications. The processor can repeatedly send fixed
patterns on the selected channel by writing a 1- to 64-byte message into the circular buffer. The
programmed message length repeats until the processor writes a new message. The first byte of
each unformatted message is output automatically, aligned to the first frame of a 24-, or
16-frame transmit multiframe (SF/ESF/MFAS). This allows the processor to source overhead
or data elements aligned to the TX timebase. In both SF and ESF T1 modes, unformatted
messages are aligned on 24-frame boundaries. Therefore, in SF applications, the repeating
message must be designed to span two SF multiframes. Each unformatted message written is
output-aligned only after the preceding message completes transmission. Therefore, data
continuity is retained during the linkage of consecutive messages, provided that the content of
each message consists of a multiple of the multiframe length.
DL2[1: 0]
Data Link 2 mode—Selects either HDLC formatted (FCS or non-FCS) transmit and receive
data link message mode or unformatted (Pack8 or Pack6) message mode. During HDLC
modes, the transmit/receive circuits perform zero insertion/removal after each occurrence of
five consecutive 1s contained in the message bits, FLAG (0x7E) character insertion/removal
during idle channel conditions, and ABORT (0xFF) code insertion/detection, upon errored
channel conditions. Refer to ITU-T Recommendation Q.921 for complete details of the HDLC
link-layer protocol. FCS mode automatically generates, inserts, and checks the 16-bit FCS
without passing FCS bits through transmit and receive FIFOs. Non-FCS mode passes all
message bits that exist between the opening and closing FLAG characters through the FIFOs
without generating or checking FCS bits. Non-FCS mode allows the processor to generate and
check the entire contents of each HDLC frame.
3-102
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Unformatted data link modes provide transparent channel access in which every data link
bit transmitted is supplied by the processor through TDL2, and each bit received is passed to
the processor through RDL2 [addr 0B3]. Pack8 and Pack6 unformatted mode options select
the number of bits per byte that are stored in transmit/receive FIFOs, 8 or 6 bits, respectively.
In T1 modes, only Pack6 is applicable. In E1, unformatted mode cannot be used if
FAS_MFAS-CAS receive framing is configured. The only data processing performed during
unformatted mode is the alignment of transmitted data bits with respect to the receive and
transmit multiframe. Please see the valid modes for Pack8 and Pack6 in the table shown below.
00 = HDLC with FCS
01 = HDLC without FCS
10 = Unformatted Pack8
11 = Unformatted Pack6
The following initializations are required when Pack8 or Pack6 is selected:
If (Dlink mode == Pack8 or PACK6)
{
DL_TEST[1] = 0x03
** The value DL_TEST[1] = 0x2 is for DLINK#1,
and 0x3 is for DLINK#2.
TEST
= 0x02
DL_TEST[5] = 0x60
** DL_TEST[4] is for DLINK #1
DL_TEST[5] = 0x10
** DL_TEST[5] is for DLINK #2
TDL2
= 0x0
TDL2_EOM = 0x0
TEST
= 0x0
}
PACK8 and PACK6 would be applicable for the following applications:
Configuration
N8370DSE
1
2
3
CR0.T_E1N
E1
E1
T1
CR0.RFRAME
FAS
FAS_MFAS
FAS_CAS
FAS
FAS_MFAS
FAS_CAS
Any
DL1_1CTL.DL
PACK8
PACK8
PACK6
DL1_TS.FRAME
ODD,
EVEN
ALL FRAMES
ALL FRAMES
ODD,
EVEN,
EVERY_
OTHER_
Even
DL1_TS, DL_TS
Any
Any
Any
DL1_BIT, DL_BIT
Two bits or more
Any
Any
Conexant
3-103
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TDL2_EN
Transmit Data Link 2 Enable—When enabled, the transmitter begins to empty and format the
contents of the transmit data link FIFO for output during the selected time slot bits, according
to the selected DL2[1:0] mode. It also enables generation of transmitter data link interrupt
events.
0 = disabled
1 = enable transmit data link
RDL2_EN
Receive Data Link 2 Enable—When enabled, the receiver begins to format data from the
selected time slot bits and fill the receive data link FIFO according to the selected DL2[1:0]
mode. It also enables generation of receiver data link interrupt events.
0 = disabled
1 = enable receive data link
0B2—RDL #2 FIFO Fill Control (RDL2_FFC)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
MSG_FILL[1]
MSG_FILL[0]
FFC[5]
FFC[4]
FFC[3]
FFC[2]
FFC[1]
FFC[0]
MSG_FILL[1:0]
FFC[5:0]
3-104
Unformatted Message Fill Limit—Applicable only for Pack8 and Pack6 modes, the message
fill limit selects how many receive FIFO locations [RDL2; addr 0B3] are filled before the
receive data link generates an RFULL interrupt [ISR1; addr 00A] and before the data link
generates a corresponding RDL2 Partial message status word entry. Fill limits determine how
many bytes constitute an unformatted message, and give the processor an alternative to using
RNEAR interrupts to signal the end of a received unformatted message.
The number of bits per unformatted message must divide evenly by the number of bits
monitored per multiframe. For example, SLC applications monitor Fs-bits during even frames,
for a total of 36 bits monitored out of 72 frames. Using Pack6 mode, that group of 36 Fs-bits
from each SLC multiframe can be chosen to constitute one unformatted message by selecting a
message fill limit which equals 6 bytes (of 6 bits/byte). In the SLC example, an RFULL
interrupt would be generated every 9 ms on each SLC multiframe boundary. Fill limits
provided for T1 cases are multiples of 6 bytes (i.e., 6, 12 or 18 FIFO locations) to hold one or
more multiframes of monitored data. In E1 mode, fill limits are multiples of 8 bytes to
correspond with the 16 frame multiframe lengths (i.e., monitoring CRC4 in MFAS framing
mode, or monitoring TS16 in CAS framing mode).
T1/E1N
MSG_FILL[1:0]
Message Fill Limit
X
00
Disabled
0
01
8 bytes
0
10
16 bytes
0
11
24 bytes
1
01
6 bytes
1
10
12 bytes
1
11
18 bytes
Near Full FIFO Threshold—Selects FIFO depth of near full interrupt [RNEAR; addr 00A] and
near full level status [RNEAR2; addr 0B4]. The RNEAR interrupt and RNEAR2 indicator are
both activated when the number of empty FIFO locations equals the selected threshold. The
threshold controls how many data and/or status bytes (64 minus threshold value) the processor
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
must read from RDL2 after RNEAR interrupt to clear the RNEAR2 indicator, and how much
time remains (in bytes) for the processor to read RDL2 before receive FIFO is full. If a receive
message is in progress when the near full threshold is reached, the receiver issues a message
interrupt [RMSG; addr 00A] and places a Partial message in the receive FIFO.
N8370DSE
FFC[5:0]
Empty @ RNEAR
Filled @ RNEAR
00 0000
none
64 = RFULL
00 0001
1 empty FIFO location
63 filled
00 0010
2 empty FIFO locations
62 filled
|
|
|
11 1110
62 empty FIFO locations
1 filled
11 1111
63 empty FIFO locations
0 filled = empty
Conexant
3-105
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0B3—Receive Data Link FIFO #2 (RDL2)
Not available in Bt8376 device.
Two different read byte values are supplied: WORD0 equals message status, and WORD1
equals message data. The processor determines which byte value is located in the FIFO by first
reading the receiver data link status [RDL2_STAT; addr 0B4]. In some cases, multiple
consecutive status bytes can be placed in the FIFO, so the processor must always read
RDL2_STAT before reading RDL2 to distinguish between WORD0 and WORD1 byte values.
However, each time a non-0 byte count [RDL2_CNT] status is read, the processor is
guaranteed that the next byte read from RDL2 is message data [WORD1], not message status.
Status byte and a message data byte each occupies 1 byte of FIFO space.
NOTE:
WORD0: Message Status
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EOM[1]
EOM[0]
RDL2_CNT[5]
RDL2_CNT[4]
RDL2_CNT[3]
RDL2_CNT[2]
RDL2_CNT[1]
RDL2_CNT[0]
EOM[1, 0]
End of Message—The receive data link reports an End of Message status for each occurrence
of a complete (Good), a continued (Partial), an errored (FCS/Non-integer), or an aborted
(Abort) message. Properly received unformatted messages are reported with a Partial end of
message status. The processor responds to Good or Partial status by reading the indicated
number of data bytes [RDL2_CNT] from RDL2. For abort or error cases, RDL2_CNT equals
0 to indicate all received data from that message was discarded.
Note that A Good status with RDL2_CNT=0 is reported if the processor reads RDL2 while
the receiver is in progress of filling the FIFO (in which case RDL2_STAT contains RSTAT2=1
and RMSG2=1). If an abort or error status with 0 byte count is reported after the processor has
buffered a prior HDLC Partial message, that partial buffered processor data must be discarded.
Abort status is reported if the receiver detects a string of 7 or more consecutive 1s during an
HDLC message. FCS error status is reported if FCS mode is enabled and the checksum
calculated over the received HDLC message does not match the received 16-bit FCS.
Non-integer error status is reported if the receiver detects a closing FLAG character that yields
an HDLC message length which is not an integer number of 8-bit octets.
00 = Good
01 = FCS/Non-integer
10 = Abort
11 = Partial
RDL2_CNT[5:0]
Byte Count [5:0]—Indicates the number of Message Data [WORD1] bytes stored in
subsequent consecutive FIFO locations, constituting one received message. The reported byte
count is the actual number of bytes from 0 to 63, where 0 indicates 0 bytes for the processor to
read. The processor can read either the specified number of message data bytes consecutively
from RDL2, or poll RDL2_STAT after reading each data byte until RDL2_STAT reports an
end of message (i.e., RMPTY2=1 or RSTAT2=1).
WORD1: Message Data
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RDL2[7]
RDL2[6]
RDL2[5]
RDL2[4]
RDL2[3]
RDL2[2]
RDL2[1]
RDL2[0]
RDL2[7:0]
3-106
Receive Message Data—Filled by the receiver data link, from LSB to MSB, with bits from the
selected channel. The processor reads 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8 modes. During
Pack6 mode, only the 6 least significant bits RDL2[5:0] are filled.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0B4—RDL #2 Status (RDL2_STAT)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
RMSG2
RSTAT2
RMPTY2
RNEAR2
RFULL2
RMSG2
In-Progress Receive Message—The real-time status of the receive message sequencer is
provided mostly for processor-polled applications. During HDLC modes, RMSG2 is high for
the interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate the receiver is actively
filling FIFO locations (in which case RSTAT2 is also held high). RMSG2 is low while the
channel receives FLAG or abort characters. During unformatted modes, RMSG2 is
continuously high.
0 = channel idle
1 = channel actively filling FIFO
RSTAT2
Next, FIFO Read Equals Message Status—For non-empty FIFO conditions (RMPTY2=0),
RSTAT2 indicates that the next byte read from RDL2 is WORD0 message status or WORD1
message data. RSTAT2 equals 0 if the FIFO is empty, with no message in-progress. The
processor polls RSTAT2 before reading RDL2 to determine how to interpret the RDL2 read
byte value, or checks RSTAT2 in response to an RMSG interrupt [ISR1; addr 00A].
0 = RDL2 byte equals Message Data (or empty FIFO, if RMTPY2=1)
1 = RDL2 byte equals Message Status (if RMPTY2=0)
RMPTY2
Receive FIFO Empty—Indicates no data or status bytes are present in receive data link FIFO.
0 = FIFO contains data or status as indicated by RSTAT2
1 = FIFO empty
RNEAR2
Receive FIFO Near Full—Indicates the data link has filled the receive FIFO to the near full
threshold level specified in FFC[5:0]. Upon reaching the near full level, the receiver updates
the message status byte [WORD0] placed on top of the FIFO and reports the current
in-progress message with a Partial end of message status. The processor must read those filled
FIFO locations to clear RNEAR2 status indicator and enable the next RNEAR interrupt.
0 = FIFO depth is below the near full level
1 = FIFO has been filled to the near full level
RFULL2
Receive FIFO Full—Indicates the data link has completely filled 64 byte locations in the receive
FIFO. In all cases, RFULL2 is an error indicating the processor did not keep pace with the
receiver, and one or more received messages were discarded after the FIFO became full. The
FIFO can still contain one or more Good received messages, and the processor can still process
all receive FIFO contents as usual. However, any message that was in progress when FIFO
reached full is discarded and reported with Partial end of message status and a 0 byte count
(which distinguishes a full end of message status from a normal abort or error message status).
0 = FIFO is less than full
1 = FIFO has been completely filled
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-107
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0B6—TDL #2 FIFO Empty Control (TDL2_FEC)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
FEC[5]
FEC[4]
FEC[3]
FEC[2]
FEC[1]
FEC[0]
FEC[5:0]
Near Empty Transmit FIFO Threshold—Selects a FIFO depth of near empty interrupt
[TNEAR; addr 00A] and near empty level status [TNEAR2; addr 0B9]. The TNEAR interrupt
is activated when the number of data bytes remaining to be transmitted from the FIFO falls
below the selected threshold. The TNEAR2 indicator is active as long as the number of
processor-filled FIFO locations is below the selected threshold. Thus, TNEAR2 is active-high
when the transmit FIFO is completely empty. It remains active until the processor writes the
selected threshold number of bytes to TDL2 [addr 0B8].
Assuming the processor writes 64 bytes to fill an empty FIFO, the TNEAR interrupt occurs
after the transmitter has sent the number of bytes required to bring the FIFO level below the
selected threshold. Hence, the processor is guaranteed to consecutively write 64 – FEC[5:0]
number of bytes to the transmit FIFO in response to a TNEAR interrupt. The interrupt signifies
time remaining (in bytes) for the processor to write TDL2 before the transmit FIFO is emptied.
Typically, FEC[5:0] is set to a small value (approximately 5- to 10-byte threshold) minimize
the number of TNEAR interrupts and to maximize the time between TNEAR interrupts.
FEC[5:0]
Byte threshold @ TNEAR
Empty @ TNEAR
00 0000
disabled
disabled
00 0001
1-byte threshold
63 empty
00 0010
2-byte threshold
62 empty
|
|
|
11 1110
62-byte threshold
2 empty
11 1111
63-byte threshold
1 empty
0B7—TDL #2 End Of Message Control (TDL2_EOM)
NOTE:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
TDL2_EOM
3-108
Not available in Bt8376 device.
End of Transmit Message—Writing any data value to TDL2_EOM marks the last byte of data
written into the transmit FIFO as the end of an HDLC message (FCS or Non-FCS mode), or
end of a transmit circular buffer. The processor must write TDL2_EOM after writing a
complete message, or after writing the last byte of a circular buffer into TDL2 [addr 0B8]. The
written data value is ignored and cannot be read back. Multiple HDLC messages are allowed
to be queued in the transmit FIFO simultaneously. Transition from one circular buffer to
another occurs only after the current circular buffer has been sent.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0B8—Transmit Data Link FIFO #2 (TDL2)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TDL2[7]
TDL2[6]
TDL2[5]
TDL2[4]
TDL2[3]
TDL2[2]
TDL2[1]
TDL2[0]
TDL2[7:0]
Transmit Message Data—Output by the transmitter data link from LSB to MSB sent on
selected time slot bits. The processor writes 8-bit FIFO data during HDLC and Pack8 modes.
During Pack6 mode, only the 6 least significant bits TDL2[5:0] are used.
0B9—TDL #2 Status (TDL2_STAT)
NOTE:
Not available in Bt8376 device
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
TMSG2
TMPTY2
TNEAR2
TFULL2
TMSG2
In-Progress Transmit Message—The real-time status of the transmit message sequencer is
provided mostly for diagnostic purposes. During HDLC modes, TMSG2 is high for the
interval between opening and closing FLAG characters to indicate the transmitter is actively
pulling data bytes from transmit FIFO locations. TMSG2 is low while the channel transmits
FLAG or abort characters. During Unformatted and Circular Buffer modes, TMSG2 is
continuously high.
0 = channel idle
1 = channel actively emptying FIFO
TMPTY2
Transmit FIFO Empty—Indicates that no message data is present in the transmit data link
FIFO. This is typically checked by the processor in response to a TMSG or TNEAR interrupt.
If a TMSG interrupt occurs, the processor checks TMPTY2 to verify that all queued messages
were sent (TMPTY2=1) or that more queued messages remain to be sent (TMPTY2=0). If
TNEAR interrupt occurs, the processor confirms TMPTY2=0 to verify that the partial transmit
message was not aborted by a FIFO underrun.
0 = FIFO contains data to be transmitted
1 = FIFO empty
TNEAR2
Transmit FIFO Near Empty—Indicates that the data link has emptied the transmit FIFO to
below the near empty threshold as specified in FEC[5:0]. After sending the byte that occupied
the near empty FIFO threshold level, TNEAR2 goes active-high, which generates a TNEAR
interrupt. The processor must write data to TDL2 to fill the transmit FIFO beyond the near
empty threshold to clear TNEAR2 status and enable the next TNEAR interrupt event.
0 = FIFO depth is below the near empty level
1 = FIFO has been emptied past the near empty level
TFULL2
Transmit FIFO Full—Indicates the processor has filled 64 byte locations in the transmit FIFO.
While TFULL2 remains active, subsequent processor writes to TDL2 are ignored. If the
processor inadvertently writes to TDL2 while TFULL2 is active, the processor must allow
FIFO to become completely empty without writing to TDL2_EOM, to force the transmitter to
send an Abort character.
0 = FIFO is less than full
1 = FIFO has been completely filled
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-109
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0BA—DLINK Test Configuration (DL_TEST1)
Data link test registers [addr 0BA-0BE] are for CONEXANT production test. Set to 0 for normal operation.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
DL_TEST1[3]
DL_TEST1[2]
DL_TEST1[1]
DL_TEST1[0]
DL_TEST1[3]
Clock Test—Zero for normal operation, where clocks are controlled by DL1_CTL and
DL2_CTL [addr 0A6, 0B1]. When active-high, clocks are enabled.
DL_TEST1[2]
Shadow Select—Report shadow pointers instead of normal read/write pointers.
DL_TEST1[1, 0]
FIFO Select: 00 = RDL1; 01 = RDL2; 10 = TDL1; 11 = TDL2
0BB—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST2)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
DL_TEST2[5]
DL_TEST2[4]
DL_TEST2[3]
DL_TEST2[2]
DL_TEST2[1]
DL_TEST2[0]
DL_TEST2[5:0]
Read or Shadow Read Pointer—Reports selected FIFO read pointer current address.
0BC—DLINK Test Status (DL_TEST3)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
DL_TEST3[5]
DL_TEST3[4]
DL_TEST3[3]
DL_TEST3[2]
DL_TEST3[1]
DL_TEST3[0]
DL_TEST3[5:0]
Write or Shadow Write Pointer—Specifies selected FIFO write pointer address.
0BD—DLINK Test Control #1 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST4)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
DL_TEST4[6]
DL_TEST4[5]
DL_TEST4[4]
DL_TEST4[3]
DL_TEST4[2]
DL_TEST4[1]
DL_TEST4[0]
DL_TEST4[6]
TFIFO1 Read Clear—Force transmit FIFO read pointer to empty.
DL_TEST4[5]
TFIFO1 Write Clear—Force transmit FIFO write pointer to empty.
DL_TEST4[4]
TFIFO1 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address.
DL_TEST4[3]
RFIFO1 Read Clear—Force receive FIFO read pointer to empty state (flush).
DL_TEST4[2]
RFIFO1 Write Clear—Force receive FIFO write pointer to empty state (flush).
DL_TEST4[1]
RFIFO1 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address.
DL_TEST4[0]
RFIFO1 Bypass—Pipe receive data.
3-110
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.16 Data Link Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0BE—DLINK Test Control #2 or Configuration #2 (DL_TEST5)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
DL_TEST5[6]
DL_TEST5[5]
DL_TEST5[4]
DL_TEST5[3]
DL_TEST5[2]
DL_TEST5[1]
DL_TEST5[0]
DL_TEST5[6]
TFIFO2 Read Clear—Force transmit FIFO read pointer to empty.
DL_TEST5[5]
TFIFO2 Write Clear—Force transmit FIFO write pointer to empty.
DL_TEST5[4]
TFIFO2 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address.
DL_TEST5[3]
RFIFO2 Read Clear—Force receive FIFO read pointer to empty state (flush).
DL_TEST5[2]
RFIFO2 Write Clear—Force receive FIFO write pointer to empty state (flush).
DL_TEST5[1]
RFIFO2 Write—MPU data goes to specified write pointer address.
DL_TEST5[0]
RFIFO2 Bypass—Pipe receive data.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-111
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
3
3.17 System Bus Registers
Unused bits indicated by a dash (—) are reserved and should be written to 0. Writing to reserved bits has no effect.
0D0—System Bus Interface Configuration (SBI_CR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
X2CLK
SBI_OE
EMF
EMBED
SBI[3]
SBI[2]
SBI[1]
SBI[0]
X2CLK
Enable Times 2 Clocks—X2CLK modifies the number of RSB/TSB clock cycles used to clock
a single data bit onto RSB and TSB. When X2CLK is active, two RSBCKI/TSBCKI clock
cycles occur for each RPCMO, RSIGO, SIGFRZ, TPCMI, and TSIGI bit. The FSYNC and
MSYNC signals remain at the full 1x RSBCKI/TSBCKI clock rate.
0 = RSB/TSB signals at RSBCKI/TSBCKI
1 = Two SBCKI clock cycles per SBI bit (except FSYNC and MSYNC).
SBI_OE
Enable System Bus Outputs—Places RPCMO, RSIGO, RINDO, and SIGFRZ output buffers
under the control of the RSB timebase. SBI_OE also places the TINDO output buffer under
the control of TSB timebase. Inactive (low) forces SBI output buffers to a high-impedance
state. Power-on and RESET [addr 001] force SBI_OE to an inactive state to avoid bus
contention on devices that share system bus connections.
0 = SBI outputs forced to high-impedance state
1 = SBI outputs controlled by respective RSB or TSB timebase
EMF
Embedded Framing—During T1 mode, EMF controls placement of T1 framing bits on
RPCMO and the sampling of T1 framing bits from TPCMI. EMF supports system buses that
carry T1 frames but operate above T1 line rate. EMF allows the system bus to transport and
maintain 193-bit frame integrity while T1 data is passed through RSLIP and/or TSLIP buffers.
0 = G.802 embedded format
1 = Reserved
3-112
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
EMBED
EMBED instructs the transmit framer (refer to [TABORT; addr 071] to align TX timebase with
respect to frame and multiframe alignment embedded in TXDATA, the transmit line rate data
output from TSLIP. If TSLIP is enabled, EMBED is inactive, and overhead is bypassed, TX
timebase is not guaranteed to align to TXDATA, and bypassed overhead cannot reliably pass
through TSLIP. EMBED is applicable to all system bus modes.
EMBED
T1/E1N
Embedded Framing Mode
0
x
Transmit framer searches TPCMI
1
0
TS0 Embedded; search TXDATA
1
1
G.802; search TXDATA
NOTE(S): Embedded F-bits reach TX output only if frame formatter [TFRM;
addr 072] is in Bypass or Transparent mode.
TS0 Embedded The offline framer examines TXDATA to align TX timebase to
the embedded FAS pattern. If MFAS is also enabled
[TFRAME; addr 070], the transmit online framer examines
TXDATA to align TX timebase to the embedded MFAS pattern.
While EMBED is active, TXDATA output is monitored, and
transmit frame errors are reported in ISR0 [addr 00B].
Embedded TS0 supports E1 overhead bypass options for
applications where TSLIP buffer is enabled.
G.802
Automatically supports ITU–T Recommendation G.802, which
Embedded
defines frame format conversion between T1 and E1 line rates
by locating T1 F-bits in Bit 1 of time slot 26 of each system bus
frame. G.802 embedded mode is applicable for system buses
that are 1x, 2x, or 4x multiples of the E1 line rate. Full
implementation of G.802 also requires the processor to program
TS0, TS16, and TS26–TS31 as unassigned system bus time
slots [SBCn; addr 0E0–0FF].
SBI[3:0]
N8370DSE
System Bus Interface mode—Defines transmit and receive system bus data format. System
buses operate in one of nine basic formats which differ in the number of total available data
time slots and the associated system bus clock rate. If the total time slots are a multiple of 32,
SBI also defines which bus group of 32 byte-interleaved time slots are assigned to the
respective device.
SBI[3:0]
Mode
Clock (Kobe)
Total Time Slots
Bus Group
0000
128A
8192
128
Group 0
0001
128B
8192
128
Group 1
0010
128C
8192
128
Group 2
0011
128D
8192
128
Group 3
0100
64A
4096
64
Group 0
0101
64B
4096
64
Group 1
0110
32
2048
32
—
0111
24
1544
24 + F-bit
—
1000
24
1536
24
—
Conexant
3-113
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0D1—Receive System Bus Configuration (RSB_CR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
BUS_RSB
SIG_OFF
RPCM_NEG
RSYN_NEG
BUS_FRZ
RSB_CTR
RSBI[1]
RSBI[0]
BUS_RSB
Enable Bussed RSB Outputs—Applicable only if the system bus outputs are controlled by SBI
timebases [SBI_OE = 1; addr 0D0]. When BUS_RSB is active, RPCMO, RSIGO, and RINDO
outputs from multiple devices are allowed to share common receive system bus connections.
Unused time slots are three-stated during those bus groups not selected by SBI mode [addr
0D0]; otherwise, unused time slots repeat their output data value for all bus groups.
0 = RSB time slot value repeated for all bus groups
1 = three-state RSB outputs during unused bus groups
SIG_OFF
Inhibit RPCMO Signaling Reinsertion—Disables insertion of ABCD signaling for all time
slots on the receive system bus PCM output (RPCMO); otherwise, ABCD signaling is
reinserted on RPCMO, as controlled by System Bus Per-Channel [SBCn; addr 0E0–0FF] and
RX Per-Channel [RPCn; addr 180–19F] controls.
0 = enable insertion of signaling onto RPCMO
1 = inhibit RPCMO signaling
RPCM_NEG
Output Data on Falling Edge Clock—Selects RSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal to
output RPCMO, RSIGO, RINDO, and SIGFRZ.
0 = RSB rising edge outputs
1 = RSB falling edge outputs
RSYN_NEG
Output Sync on Falling Edge Clock—Selects RSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal for
RFSYNC or RMSYNC outputs. Opposite RSBCKI edge is used if RFSYNC or RMSYNC is
programmed as input.
0 = RFSYNC or RMSYNC rising edge output (falling edge input)
1 = RFSYNC or RMSYNC falling edge output (rising edge input)
When RFSYNC or RMSYNC is an input and configured for rising edge sampling,
RFSYNC or RMSYNC must be sampled low during the previous falling clock edge, then
sampled high at the rising clock edge. (Refer to Figure 5-5, SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time
for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals and Table 5-6, Input Data Setup
and Hold Timing.)
BUS_FRZ
Enable Bused SIGFRZ Output—Enables SIGFRZ from multiple devices to share a common
receive system bus connection. When active, SIGFRZ three-states during bus group time slots
unused by the selected SBI mode [addr 0D0].
0 = SIGFRZ repeats for all bus groups
1 = three-state SIGFRZ during unused bus groups
RSB_CTR
Force RSLIP to Center—Writing a one to RSB_CTR forces RSLIP read buffer pointer to its
initial delay condition. If RFSYNC or RMSYNC is programmed as an output, RSB_CTR
forces a change of system bus sync alignment. The processor must assert RSB_CTR after
configuration of the receive slip buffer. Centering RSLIP does not effect RSLIP status reported
in ISR.5 [addr 006]. RSB_CTR must be written to a 1, then to a 0. This bit is not self-clearing.
0 = no effect
1 = force RSLIP to center
3-114
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RSBI[1:0]
Receive Slip Buffer Interface mode—Selects configuration of RSLIP buffer. RSBI determines
total buffer depth and initial delay conditions. While RSLIP is bypassed, RCKO clocks RSB
outputs and RSBCKI is ignored. RFSYNC and RMSYNC are also ignored in Bypass mode if
they are programmed as inputs. RFSYNC and RMSYNC must be programmed as outputs if
RSB [1:0] selects either bypass or Elastic buffer mode.
RSBI
Mode
Total Depth
Initial Delay
Conditions
00
Normal
2 Frame
1 Frame
When RFSYNC is output
0.5 to 1.5 Frames
When RFSYNC is input
01
Short
2 Frame
32 Bits
Reverts to normal upon slip
10
Elastic
64 Bits
32 Bits
Recenters automatically upon slip
11
Bypass
0 Bits
0 Bits
RSBCKI ignored
NOTE(S): To guarantee the pointer in the slip buffer is initialized properly during Elastic Mode, the
following procedure can be applied:
1. Disable slip buffer
2. Center slip buffer
3. Set the slip buffer to Elastic Mode.
RSBI[1:0] = 11, RSB_CTR = 0
RSBI[1:0] = 11, RSB_CTR = 0
RSBI[1:0] = 10, RSB_CTR = 0
0D2—RSB Sync Bit Offset (RSYNC_BIT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
OFFSET[2]
OFFSET[1]
OFFSET[0]
OFFSET[2:0]
N8370DSE
RSB Sync Bit Offset—Selects which RSB bit number coincides with RFSYNC and RMSYNC
sync pulses. Sync pulses are programmed to align to 1 bit in relation to RPCMO, RSIGO,
RINDO, and SIGFRZ time slots. If the sync pulses are desired to coincide with location of T1
F-bit or time slot 0 Bit 1, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0. Sync bit offset is added to time
slot offset [RSYNC_TS; addr 0D3] to form a 10-bit OFFSET value that applies to RFSYNC
location, which is then added to frame offset [RSYNC_FRM; addr 0D8]. This forms a 15-bit
OFFSET value that applies to the RMSYNC location. Both RFSYNC and RMSYNC offsets
are expressed as RSB.OFFSET, allowing the system to generate or accept sync pulses at any
bit location within the RSB multiframe.
OFFSET[2:0]
RSYNC Location
000
Bit 1 or F-bit
001
Bit 2
|
|
110
Bit 7
111
Bit 8
Conexant
3-115
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0D3—RSB Sync Time Slot Offset (RSYNC_TS)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
OFFSET[9]
OFFSET[8]
OFFSET[7]
OFFSET[6]
OFFSET[5]
OFFSET[4]
OFFSET[3]
OFFSET[9:3]
RSB Sync Time Slot Offset—Selects which RSB time slot number coincides with RFSYNC
and RMSYNC sync pulses, in the range of time slots 0–127. If the sync pulses coincide with
location of T1 F-bit or TS0, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0. Refer also to RSYNC_BIT
and RSYNC_FRM [addr 0D2, 0D8].
2048, 1544, and 1536 kbps SBI Mode
OFFSET[9:3]
RSYNC Time Slot
0000000
0 or F-bit
0000001
1
|
|
0011110
30
0011111
31
4096 kbps SBI Mode
3-116
OFFSET[9:4]
OFFSET[3]
RSYNC Time Slot
Group
000000
0
0
A
000000
1
0
B
000001
0
1
A
000001
1
1
B
|
|
|
|
011110
0
30
A
011110
1
30
B
011111
0
31
A
011111
1
31
B
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
8192 kbps SBI Mode
OFFSET[9:5]
OFFSET[4:3]
RSYNC Time Slot
Group
00000
00
0
A
00000
01
0
B
00000
10
0
C
00000
11
0
D
00001
00
1
A
00001
01
1
B
00001
10
1
C
00001
11
1
D
|
|
|
|
11110
00
30
A
11110
01
30
B
11110
10
30
C
11110
11
30
D
11111
00
31
A
11111
01
31
B
11111
10
31
C
11111
11
31
D
NOTE(S): Offsets outside the RSB timebase range result in no pulses on RFSYNC and
RMSYNC outputs.
0D4—Transmit System Bus Configuration (TSB_CR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
BUS_TSB
TX_ALIGN
TPCM_NEG
TSYN_NEG
TSB_ALIGN
TSB_CTR
TSBI[1]
TSBI[0]
BUS_TSB
Enable Bussed TSB Output—Applicable only if system bus outputs are controlled by SBI
timebases [SBI_OE = 1; addr 0D0]. When BUS_TSB is active, TINDO outputs from multiple
devices are allowed to share a common transmit system bus connection. Unused time slots are
three-stated during bus groups not selected by SBI mode [addr 0D0]; otherwise, unused time
slots repeat their TINDO value for all bus groups.
0 = TINDO repeated for all bus groups
1 = three-state TINDO during unused time slots
TX_ALIGN
Transmitter Output Multiframe Aligns to TSB Timebase—Allows multiframe alignment
located at TSB (from TMSYNC or TFRAMER) to pass across TSLIP buffer and force the
corresponding multiframe alignment onto the transmitter timebase. Used primarily to pass
TMSYNC from system bus.
0 = Transmitter multiframe does not follow TSB
1 = Transmitter multiframe follows TSB multiframe
TPCM_NEG
Output Data on Falling Edge Clock—Selects TSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal to
output TINDO and the opposite TSBCKI edge to sample TPCMI and TSIGI inputs.
0 = TINDO rising edge output (TPCMI and TSIGI falling edge inputs)
1 = TINDO falling edge outputs (TPCMI and TSIGI rising edge inputs)
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-117
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TSYN_NEG
Output Sync on Falling Edge Clock—Selects TSBCKI rising or falling edge clock signal for
TFSYNC or TMSYNC outputs. Opposite TSBCKI edge is used if TFSYNC or TMSYNC is
programmed as input.
0 = TFSYNC or TMSYNC rising edge output (falling edge input)
1 = TFSYNC or TMSYNC falling edge output (rising edge input)
When TFSYNC or TMSYNC is an input and configured for rising edge sampling,
TFSYNC or TMSYNC must be sampled low during the previous falling clock edge, then
sampled high at the rising clock edge. (Refer to Figure 5-5, SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time
for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals and Table 5-6, Input Data Setup
and Hold Timing.)
TSB_ALIGN
Transmit System Bus Multiframe Aligns to Transmit Timebase—Allows multiframe
alignment located at TX timebase to pass across TSLIP and forces the corresponding
multiframe alignment onto the TSB timebase. Used primarily to pass CAS or MFAS alignment
located by the transmit online framer onto the TMSYNC output.
0 = TSB multiframe does not follow XMTR
1 = TSB multiframe aligned by XMTR
TSB_CTR
Force TSLIP to Center—Writing a 1 to TSB_CTR forces TSLIP read buffer pointer to its
initial delay condition, possibly forcing a change of transmit frame alignment if TSLIP is
configured in Elastic or Bypass modes. Writing a 0 has no effect. The processor must assert
TSB_CTR after configuration of the transmit slip buffer, after which, Bt8370/8375/8376
automatically recenters TSLIP buffer according to the configured mode. Centering TSLIP
does not effect TSLIP status reported in ISR5[addr 006].
0 = no effect
1 = force TSLIP to center
TSBI[1:0]
Transmit Slip Buffer Interface mode—Selects the configuration of the TSLIP buffer. The TSBI
determines the total buffer depth and initial delay conditions. While TSLIP is bypassed, TCKI
clocks the TSB input/output, and TSBCKI is ignored.
TSBI
Mode
Total Depth
Initial Delay
Conditions
00
Normal
2 Frame
0.5 to 1.5 Frames
Dependent on present depth, no
change of output frame.
01
Short
2 Frame
32 Bits
Reverts to normal upon slip
10
Elastic
64 Bits
32 Bits
Recenters automatically upon slip
11
Bypass
0 Bits
0 Bits
TSBCKI ignored
NOTE(S): Bypass requires system bus equal to line rate.
To guarantee the pointer is initialized properly in the slip buffer during Elastic Mode,
the following procedure can be applied:
1.
2.
3.
3-118
Disable Slip Buffer
Center Slip Buffer
Set the Slip Buffer to Elastic mode
Conexant
TSBI[1:0] = 11, TSB_CTR = 0
TSBI[1:0] = 11, TSB_CTR = 1
TSBI[1:0] = 10, TSB_CTR = 0
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0D5—TSB Sync Bit Offset (TSYNC_BIT)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
OFFSET[2]
OFFSET[1]
OFFSET[0]
OFFSET[2:0]
TSB Sync Bit Offset—Selects which TSB bit number coincides with TFSYNC and TMSYNC
sync pulses. Sync pulses are programmed to align to 1 bit in relation to TPCMI, TSIGI, and
TINDO time slots. If the sync pulses are desired to coincide with location of T1 F-bit or time
slot zero bit 1, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0. Sync bit offset is added to time slot offset
[TSYNC_TS; addr 0D6] to form a 10-bit OFFSET value that applies to TFSYNC and
TMSYNC location. Both TFSYNC and TMSYNC offsets are expressed as TSB.OFFSET,
allowing the system to generate or accept sync pulses at any bit location within the TSB frame.
OFFSET[2:0]
TSYNC Location
000
Bit 1 or F-bit
001
Bit 2
|
|
110
Bit 7
111
Bit 8
0D6—TSB Sync Time Slot Offset (TSYNC_TS)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
OFFSET[9]
OFFSET[8]
OFFSET[7]
OFFSET[6]
OFFSET[5]
OFFSET[4]
OFFSET[3]
OFFSET[9:3]
TSB Sync Time Slot Offset—Selects which TSB time slot number coincides with TFSYNC
and TMSYNC sync pulses, in the range of time slots 0–127. If the sync pulses coincide with
location of T1 F-bit or TS0, OFFSET is programmed to equal 0.
2048, 1544, and 1536 kbps SBI Mode
N8370DSE
OFFSET[9:3]
TSYNC Time Slot
0000000
0 or F-bit
0000001
1
|
|
0011110
30
0011111
31
Conexant
3-119
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
4096 kbps SBI Mode
OFFSET[9:4]
OFFSET[3]
TSYNC Time Slot
Group
000000
0
0
A
000000
1
0
B
000001
0
1
A
000001
1
1
B
|
|
|
|
011110
0
30
A
011110
1
30
B
011111
0
31
A
011111
1
31
B
OFFSET[9:5]
OFFSET[4:3]
TSYNC Time Slot
Group
00000
00
0
A
00000
01
0
B
00000
10
0
C
00000
11
0
D
00001
00
1
A
00001
01
1
B
00001
10
1
C
00001
11
1
D
|
|
|
|
11110
00
30
A
11110
01
30
B
11110
10
30
C
11110
11
30
D
11111
00
31
A
11111
01
31
B
11111
10
31
C
11111
11
31
D
8192 kbps SBI Mode
NOTE(S): Offsets outside the TSB timebase range result in no pulses on
TFSYNC and TMSYNC outputs.
3-120
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0D7—Receive Signaling Configuration (RSIG_CR)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
SET_RSIG
SET_SIG
UNICODE
DEBOUNCE
FRZ_OFF
FRZ_ON
THRU
SET_RSIG
Force RSIG Interrupt—Allows the processor to receive an interrupt on RSIG [addr 008] at
every multiframe boundary. Applicable only to T1 mode. Overrides STACK interrupt.
0 = RSIG interrupt on signaling STACK change
1 = RSIG interrupts on T1 multiframe boundary
SET_SIG
Overwrite Robbed-Bit Signaling—Applicable only during T1 mode and function dependent
on RIDLE. When RIDLE is inactive, SET_SIG forces receive robbed-bit signaling to one
before updating the RSLIP time slot value. Bit 8 of each time slot received during signaling
frames 6, 12, 18, and 24 is replaced with a 1. This function is particularly useful in
cross-connect and exchange systems that strip robbed-bit signaling, or in systems that use
different signaling frame alignment on inbound and outbound ports.
0 = no change to receive signaling
1 = replace robbed-bit signaling
UNICODE
Inband Signaling Freeze (applicable to T1 modes only)—If UNICODE is enabled, received
ABCD signaling on all channels is searched on a per-channel basis for the 4-bit UNICODE
pattern. UNICODE pattern detection inhibits STACK and RSIG buffer updates for that
channel as long as UNICODE is present, but does not affect SIGFRZ output. It is not reported
to the processor. This function is described in Bellcore TR-TSY-000303, Section 4.4.9, Revision
2, July 1989.
0 = no effect
1 = enable UNICODE detection and per-channel signaling freeze
DEBOUNCE
Debounce Receive ABCD Signaling—Applicable only to those channels where the signaling
stack is enabled (SIG_STK; addr 180–19F). The signaling buffer (RSIG) output updates for
these channels are evaluated after D-bit signaling is received. New signaling is placed into
RSIG and STACK buffers only if the RSIG input and output values differ. The DEBOUNCE
function filters single bit errors in ABCD signaling by comparing incoming bits, buffered bits
from the previous multiframe, and output bits on a bit-by-bit basis. A signaling error is
detected if the new input signaling and current output signaling are the same but differ from
the current buffered signaling. When this occurs, the current buffered signaling is rejected, and
the output signaling does not change. Therefore, output signaling is updated only when the
current buffered signaling and the input signaling are equal. At the end of each multiframe, the
entire input ABCD value is copied to the output ABCD value.
0 = no effect
1 = debounce receive ABCD signaling
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-121
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Signaling State During Current Multiframe
Signaling State Updated at the End of Current Multiframe
New Input
Signaling Bit
Buffered Input
Signaling Bit
from Previous
Multiframe
(RSIGn[3:0])
Buffered Output
Signaling Bit
(RSIGn[7:4])
Buffered Input
Signaling Bit is
Updated from Input
Signaling
Bit (RSIGn[3:0])
Buffered Output
Signaling Bit
(RSIGn[7:4])
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
Change Output
0
1
0
0
0
Debounce
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
Change Output
1
0
1
1
1
Debounce
Notes
NOTE(S): Non-Debounced signaling always transfers buffered ABCD input to buffered ABCD output coincident with the
D-bit update.
FRZ_OFF/FRZ_ON
Manual Signaling Update and SIGFRZ Output—Allows the processor to manually control
updates of the receive signaling buffer [RSIGn; addr 1A0–1BF], the signaling stack [addr
0DA], and the SIGFRZ output pin. FRZ_ON and FRZ_OFF control the SIGFRZ pin’s output
state, but do not affect normal operations of the SIGFRZ interrupt [ISR7; addr 004]. The
receive ABCD input signaling is placed into the STACK and RSIG buffers according to the
modes shown below. Stack updates are individually enabled on a per-channel basis according
to SIG_STK [addr 180–19F].
SIGFRZ
THRU
3-122
FRZ_ON
FRZ_OFF
SIG_STK
Interrupt
Pin
STACK
RSIGn
0
0
0
0
0
No update
All ABCD
0
0
X
1
1
No update
No update
0
0
1
0
0
ABCD Changes
All ABCD
X
1
0
X
0
No Update
All ABCD
X
1
1
X
0
ABCD Changes
All ABCD
1
0
X
X
1
No update
No Update
Enable Transparent Robbed-Bit Signaling—RMSYNC is forced to align with respect to RX
timebase and follow each change of receiver's multiframe alignment, plus any frame offset
caused by RSLIP buffer delay. In this manner, RMSYNC is able to retain its signaling
multiframe alignment with respect to RPCMO output data frames. THRU mode is required
when RSLIP is configured in Bypass mode. It is also useful for ADPCM transcoder systems
that utilize robbed-bit signaling during frames other than normal (modulo 6) signaling frames,
and therefore cannot utilize RPCMO signaling reinsertion in ADPCM coded channels. During
THRU mode, RMSYNC must be programmed as an output [PIO; addr 018]. RMSYNC can
follow a change of RX multiframe alignment without generating an alarm indication (e.g.,
receiver change of SF alignment without accompanying loss of basic frame alignment).
0 = no effect
1 = transparent robbed-bit signaling
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0D8—Signaling Reinsertion Frame Offset (RSYNC_FRM)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
OFFSET[14]
OFFSET[13]
OFFSET[12]
OFFSET[11]
OFFSET[10]
OFFSET[14:10]
RSB Sync Frame Offset—Selects which RSB frame number coincides with an RMSYNC
pulse in the range of frame 0–23. OFFSET specifies the frame in which RMSYNC is applied
as an input, or in which RMSYNC appears as an output—consequently locating RPCMO
signaling frames used for T1 robbed-bit (frames 6,12,18, and 24), or E1 CAS signaling
reinsertion. The only RPCMO channels affected are those with signaling insertion enabled
[INSERT; addr 0E0–0FF].
T1/E1N
OFFSET[14:10]
RMSYNC Pulse
0
X0000
RSB Frame 0
0
X0001
RSB Frame 1
|
|
|
0
X1110
RSB Frame 14
0
X1111
RSB Frame 15
1
00000
RSB Frame 1
1
00001
RSB Frame 2
|
|
|
1
10110
RSB Frame 23
1
10111
RSB Frame 24
0D9—Slip Buffer Status (SSTAT)
SSTAT[7:0] is updated at the start of each respective receive/transmit internal frame boundary (i.e., 125 µs
interval). Each bit in SSTAT is latched upon event detection and held until cleared by a processor read.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TSDIR
TFSLIP
TUSLIP
—
RSDIR
RFSLIP
RUSLIP
—
TSDIR
N8370DSE
Transmit Slip Direction—TSDIR is updated each time a TSLIP error is latched in TFSLIP, and
TSDIR indicates which direction the slip occurred.
0 = TSLIP error deleted 1 frame on TX data output
1 = TSLIP error repeated 1 frame on TX data output
Conexant
3-123
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
TFSLIP
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Controlled TSLIP Event—TUSLIP and TFSLIP event status are latched active-high when
transmit slip error is detected. Either event reports a TSLIP error in ISR5 [addr 006].
Active-high hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046].
Two types of errors are detected:
FSLIP = Controlled ±frame slip on TX data output. FSLIP affects transmit
time slot data, but does not change the transmit timebase or frame
alignment.
2. USLIP = Uncontrolled ±1 to ±256 bit slip on TX data. USLIP affects both
time slot data and frame alignment. TUSLIP and TFSLIP status depends
on the transmit system bus configuration [TSB_CR; addr 0D4].
1.
TSBI Mode
TUSLIP
TFSLIP
TSLIP Event
Normal
0
0
none
0
1
FSLIP
1
0
USLIP
1
1(1)
Both FSLIP and USLIP
0
0
none
0
1
FSLIP
1
0
USLIP
Elastic
0
N/A
none
1
N/A
USLIP
Bypass
N/A
N/A
—
Short
NOTE(S):
(1)
Most recent slip error direction is reported in TSDIR.
2. TFSLIP not applicable (read zero value) if TSLIP bypassed or configured as elastic
store. TUSLIP not applicable if TSLIP bypassed. In Short-Delay mode, if the bus
clock is faster than the receive clock, the system bus resynchronizes and USLIP is be
reported. If the receive clock is faster, RSLIP reverts to Normal mode and reports
FSLIP errors.
TUSLIP
Uncontrolled TSLIP Event—See TFSLIP description.
RSDIR
Receive Slip Direction—RSDIR is updated each time an RSLIP error is latched in RFSLIP or
RUSLIP, and indicates which direction the slip occurred.
0 = RSLIP error deleted 1 frame on RPCMO or SBI resync detected
1 = RSLIP error repeated 1 frame on RPCMO or SBI time slot reassigned
3-124
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RFSLIP
Controlled RSLIP Event—RUSLIP and RFSLIP event status are latched active-high when
receive slip error is detected. Either event reports RSLIP error in ISR5 [addr 006]. Active-high
hold interval is defined by LATCH_ERR [addr 046]. Two types of errors are detected:
FSLIP = Controlled ±1 frame slip on RPCMO data output. FSLIP affects
RPCMO, but does not change the alignment of system bus RFSYNC or
RMSYNC signals.
2. USLIP = Uncontrolled ±1 to ±256 bit slip on RPCMO. USLIP affects both
system bus data and sync outputs. RUSLIP and RFSLIP status depends on
the receive system bus configuration [RSB_CR; addr 0D1].
1.
RSBI Mode
RUSLIP
RFSLIP
RSLIP
Event
Normal
0
0
none
0
1
FSLIP
Most recent slip error direction is
reported in RSDIR.
1
0
USLIP
An uncontrolled slip can occur in
Normal mode due to a resync of the
SBI or, in T1 rate converted
applications, the active time slots
are reassigned. The former sets
RSDIR = 0; the latter sets
RSDIR = 1.
0
0
none
0
1
FSLIP
—
1
0
USLIP
In Short-Delay mode, if the bus
clock is faster than receive clock,
the system bus resynchronizes and
USLIP is reported. If the receive
clock is faster, RSLIP reverts to
Normal mode and reports FSLIP
errors.
0
0
none
1
0
USLIP
RFSLIP is not applicable (read zero
value) while the RSLIP buffer is
bypassed or configured as elastic
store. FSLIP or USLIP errors
reported upon Bypass mode
initialization should be ignored.
—
—
—
—
Short
Elastic
Bypass
RUSLIP
N8370DSE
Notes
—
—
—
Uncontrolled RSLIP Event—See RFSLIP description.
Conexant
3-125
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0DA—Receive Signaling Stack (STACK)
STACK contains new signaling information from those channels with SIG_STK [addr 180–19F] enabled.
STACK allows the processor to monitor only changed ABCD signaling values from the selected channels.
RSIG interrupt [addr 008] is triggered at the end of any multiframe where one or more ABCD signaling values
have changed. The processor reads the STACK address twice to retrieve the channel number (Word 0) and to
retrieve the new ABCD value (Word 1). The processor continues to read from STACK until empty. An empty
Stack is indicated when either MORE = 0 in Word 1 or no Word 1 exists (the last two STACK reads are Word 0).
Internal STACK read/write pointers are initialized by RESET [addr 001]. STACK contents are updated for
each channel in which the stack is enabled [SIG_STK; addr 180–19F]. STACK contents are updated with new
output signaling if the buffered RSIGn input and output ABCD signaling values differ. STACK is evaluated on a
channel-by-channel basis after the D-bit is updated. The processor must poll the RSIG interrupt to determine
when STACK has new information.
Word 0: Channel Number (first read)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
WORD
MORE
—
CH[4]
CH[3]
CH[2]
CH[1]
CH[0]
WORD
Stack Word ID (always 0 in Word 0)
MORE
More Stack Contents (always 1 in Word 0)
CH[4:0]
Channel Number (E1 range 0–31; T1 range 1–24)
Word 1: New Signaling Value (second read)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
WORD
MORE
—
—
SIG_BITA
SIG_BITB
SIG_BITC
SIG_BITD
WORD
Stack Word ID (always 1 in Word 1)
WORD
MORE
MPU Response
0
0
First word, get channel
0
1
Never used
1
0
No change or last change, stop
1
1
New signaling, keep reading
MORE
More Stack Contents equals 1 if more available.
SIG_BITA–D
Signaling Bit A–D—Processor reads new ABCD signaling value from this location. The
ABCD value is also present in RSIGn (addr 1A0–1BF) output signaling buffer, so the
processor need not store a local copy of each channel’s signaling status.
3-126
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0DB—RSLIP Phase Status (RPHASE)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RDELAY[5]
RDELAY[4]
RDELAY[3]
RDELAY[2]
RDELAY[1]
RDELAY[0]
RSLIP_WR
RSLIP_RD
RDELAY[5:0]
RSLIP Buffer Delay—The difference between the RX and RSB timebase in time slot intervals,
reported once per frame, coincident with RFRAME interrupt [ISR3; addr 008]. Actual delay
may vary significantly, depending on which time slots are assigned.
000000 = RX to RSB delay in the range of 0–7 bits
|
111111 = RX to RSB delay in the range of 504–511 bits
RSLIP_RD
Active Receiver Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the receive slip buffer is currently
receiving data from the receiver (0 = RSLIP_LO, 1 = RSLIP_HI). The processor can read data
from the opposite buffer half.
RSLIP_WR
Active RSB Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the receive slip buffer is currently
supplying data to the Receive System Bus (0 = RSLIP_LO, 1 = RSLIP_HI). The processor can
write data to the opposite buffer half.
0DC—TSLIP Phase Status (TPHASE)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TDELAY[5]
TDELAY[4]
TDELAY[3]
TDELAY[2]
TDELAY[1]
TDELAY[0]
TSLIP_WR
TSLIP_RD
TDELAY[5:0]
TSLIP Buffer Delay—The difference between the TSB and TX timebase in time slot intervals,
reported once per frame, coincident with the TFRAME interrupt [ISR3; addr 008]. The actual
delay may vary significantly, depending on which time slots are assigned.
000000 = TSB to TX delay in the range of 0–7 bits
|
111111 = TSB to TX delay in the range of 496–503 bits
TSLIP_WR
Active Transmitter Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the transmit slip buffer is
currently supplying data to the transmitter (0 = TSLIP_LO, 1 = TSLIP_HI). The processor can
write data to the opposite buffer half.
TSLIP_RD
Active TSB Slip Buffer Half—Indicates which half of the transmit slip buffer is currently
receiving data from the Transmit System Bus (0 = TSLIP_LO, 1 = TSLIP_HI). The processor
can read data from the opposite buffer half.
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-127
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0DD—RAM Parity Status (PERR)
All Bt8370/8375/8376 system bus data, signaling, and controls are transferred through a set of internal RAMs
with parity error detection capabilities. Any parity error detected during RAM access is reported in PERR. Each
error event is latched active-high and held until the processor read clears PERR. Parity errors are indicative of
system clock glitches (REFCKI, TSBCKI, or RSBCKI), a failing or excessively noisy power supply, or general
circuit failure.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
—
PERR_TPC
PERR_RPC
PERR_SBC
PERR_TPC
TPC (Transmit) RAM Parity Error
PERR_RPC
RPC (Receive) RAM Parity Error
PERR_SBC
SBC (Control) RAM Parity Error
0E0–0FF—System Bus Per-Channel Control (SBCn; n = 0 to 31)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
INSERT
SIG_LP
RLOOP
RINDO
TINDO
TSIG_AB
ASSIGN
INSERT
Insert RX Signaling on RPCMO—Enables per-channel signaling insertion on RPCMO output,
where ABCD signaling is supplied by RLOCAL signaling (RPCn; addr 180–19F) or buffered
signaling [RSIGn; addr 1A0–IBF]. INSERT is a lower priority than no signaling (SIG_OFF;
addr 0D1). RSB signaling frame locations are specified by RMSYNC signal in conjunction
with the programmed frame offset [OFFSET; addr 0D8].
SIG_OFF
INSERT
RLOCAL
RPCMO Inserted Signal
1
X
X
None
0
1
0
ABCD from RSIGn output buffer
0
1
1
ABCD from RPCn local buffer
SIG_LP
Local Signaling Loopback—Instructs the receiver output signaling on RSIGO to be supplied
from TSIGn buffer contents. Signaling in RPCMO (T1-robbed bit or E1-CAS) is not affected.
0 = normal
1 = local signaling loopback
RLOOP
Local Loopback—RPCMO output data supplied from TSLIP buffer contents.
0 = normal
1 = local loopback
RINDO
Activate RINDO Time Slot Indicator—Receive system bus time slots are individually marked
(active-high for 8 bits) by RINDO. SBI_OE (addr 0D0) overrides RINDO.
0 = RINDO signal inactive (low)
1 = RINDO signal active (high)
TINDO
Activate TINDO Time Slot Indicator—Transmit system bus time slots are individually marked
(active-high for 8 bits) by TINDO.
0 = TINDO inactive
1 = TINDO active
3-128
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TSIG_AB
TSIG_AB—AB Signaling. In T1 mode, only AB signaling bits are updated from TSIGI to the
TSIGn buffer. If SIGFRZ is active, the output CD signaling bits are copied from the buffered
output AB bits, respectively. In E1 mode, setting TSIG_AB forces C = 0 and D = 1 when
updating the TSIGn buffer.
0 = ABCD Signaling
1 = AB Signaling
ASSIGN
Assign System Bus Time Slot—During T1 line applications where the system bus group
consists of 32 time slots, or a multiple of 32, any 24 out of 32 time slots can be assigned. The
only time SBC [1:24] must be assigned is during 1536K or 1544K bus modes. The number of
assigned system bus time slots must equal the number of line time slots; therefore, ASSIGN
must be active in all 32 SBCn locations during E1 modes. The receiver does not update
unassigned time slots as it fills the RSLIP buffer. T1 time slots are filled sequentially from
RSLIP 1 to 24. Time slots 0 and 25 to 31 are reserved for unassigned values. Values are read
from either assigned or unassigned locations in a sequential fashion based on the ASSIGN bit.
System bus output data for unassigned time slots is taken from the RSLIP buffer, which the
processor can fill with any desired 16-bit fixed value (8 bits in RSLIP_LO, plus 8 bits in
RSLIP_HI).
0 = unassigned system bus time slot
1 = assigned system bus time slot
100–11F—Transmit Per-Channel Control (TPCn; n = 0 to 31)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TB7ZS/EMFBIT
TLOOP
TIDLE
TLOCAL
TSIGA/TSIGO
TSIGB/RSIGO
TSIGC
TSIGD
TB7ZS/EMFBIT
N8370DSE
Bit 7 Zero Code Substitution/Embedded F-bit Value (Applicable in T1 mode only)—For
assigned system bus time slots [ASSIGN; addr 0E0-0FF], TB7ZS replaces bit 7 of the time
slot with a one if examination of 8-bit output detects all zeros. For an unassigned time slot
where TIDLE is active, EMFBIT replaces all embedded F-bit outputs with the programmed
EMFBIT value.
0 = no effect or force embedded F-bit (low)
1 = enable B7ZS or force embedded F-bit (high)
Conexant
3-129
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Remote DS0 Channel Loopback—Transmits data supplied from RSLIP buffer contents.
TLOOP works in conjunction with other TPCn control bits to select the source of transmitted
data and signaling (see Table 3-23).
TLOOP
Table 3-23. Remote DS0 Channel Loopback
TLOOP
TIDLE
TLOCAL
TSIGO
RSIGO
Sig Source
Data Source
Channel Mode
0
0
0
0
0
None
TPCMI
Clear Channel
0
0
0
0
1
RSIGn
TPCMI
Rx Signaling
0
0
0
1
0
TSIGn
TPCMI
Tx Signaling
0
0
1
X
X
TSIGA–D
TPCMI
Local Signaling
0
1
0
0
0
None
TSLIP_LO
Idle Code
0
1
0
0
1
RSIGn
TSLIP_LO
Idle Code Rx Signaling
0
1
0
1
0
TSIGn
TSLIP_LO
Idle Code Tx Signaling
0
1
1
X
X
TSIGA–D
TSLIP_LO
Idle Code Local Signaling
1
X
0
0
0
None
RXDATA
Remote Loop
1
X
0
0
1
RSIGn
RXDATA
Remote Loop Rx Signaling
1
X
0
1
0
TSIGn
RXDATA
Remote Loop Tx Signaling
1
X
1
X
X
TSIGA–D
RXDATA
Remote Loop Local Signaling
NOTE(S): If RX Signaling, RSIGn output buffer supplies transmit signaling.
TIDLE
Transmit Idle—Transmit data supplied from TSLIP_LO buffer contents. The processor writes
an 8-bit idle pattern to TSLIP_LO for output on the selected time slot, or optionally writes
real-time data output to TSLIP_LO after each TFRAME interrupt [ISR3; addr 008]. Only
TSLIP_HI buffer is updated from TPCMI to allow continued local DS0 channel loopback.
0 = normal data output
1 = transmit idle data output
TLOCAL
Transmit Local Signaling—When active, TLOCAL transmits TSIGA–TSIGD values in output
ABCD signaling bits.
0 = TSIGO or RSIGO control output signaling
1 = transmit signaling from TSIGA–TSIGD
In E1, when it is attempted to merge signaling embedded in the TPCMI datastream with
signaling inserting by TLOCAL [TPCn; addr 100-11F], the signaling inserted by TLOCAL
appears two time slots early with TX_ALIGN bit set in [TSB_CR; addr 0D4]. Therefore,
signaling intended for TS1 would instead be inserted into TS31. TX_ALIGN needs to be set.
This offset does not occur during local signaling insertion for all 32 time slots. In T1,
transmitting local signaling should be synchronized with Transmit Multiframe interrupt
[TMF_IER3; addr 010]. This would avoid transmitting intermediate values.
TSIGA–TSIGD
Transmit Local Signaling—Holds the 4-bit ABCD signaling value, which is output when
TLOCAL is active. In AB only applications, such as T1/SF framing, TSIGC and TSIGD must
also be written with the same data as TSIGA and TSIGB. In E1 modes, TS0 and TS16 local
signaling value determines CAS multiframe alignment signal (MAS) and XYXX output.
3-130
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
TSIGO
Transmit Signaling Output—Applicable only if TLOCAL is inactive. ABCD signaling from
TSIGn buffer is transmitted.
0 = no effect
1 = transmit signaling from TSIGn buffer
RSIGO
Receive Signaling Output—Applicable only if TLOCAL is inactive. Forces transmit ABCD
signaling to be supplied from RSIGn buffer, affecting a remote signaling loopback.
0 = no effect
1 = transmit signaling from RSIGn buffer
120–13F—Transmit Signaling Buffer (TSIGn; n = 0 to 31)
Transmit signaling from the TSIGI pin is automatically placed into the TSIGn buffer. The processor controls
TSIGn insertion into the transmitter output by selecting TSIGO [in TPCn]. The processor can monitor TSIGn
from system supplied signaling or use TSIGn for inter-processor communication. During E1 modes, TSIG0 and
TSIG16 buffer locations hold the CAS multiframe alignment signal (MAS.1 through MAS.4), extra bits (X.1
through X.4), and multiframe Yellow Alarm (MYEL) bits supplied from TSIGI.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
—
—
—
—
TSIGn[3]
TSIGn[2]
TSIGn[1]
TSIGn[0]
TSIG0 (E1)
N8370DSE
TSIG16 (E1 mode)
TSIGn.3
Input Signaling A Bit
MAS.1
X.1
TSIGn.2
Input Signaling B Bit
MAS.2
MYEL
TSIGn.1
Input Signaling C Bit
MAS.3
X.3
TSIGn.0
Input Signaling D Bit
MAS.4
X.4
Conexant
3-131
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
140–15F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TPCM[1]
TPCM[2]
TPCM[3]
TPCM[4]
TPCM[5]
TPCM[6]
TPCM[7]
TPCM[8]
TPCM[1]
First bit
TPCM[2]
Second bit
TPCM[3]
Third bit
TPCM[4]
Fourth bit
TPCM[5]
Fifth bit
TPCM[6]
Sixth bit
TPCM[7]
Seventh bit
TPCM[8]
Eighth bit received on TPCMI
160–17F—Transmit PCM Slip Buffer (TSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TPCM[1]
TPCM[2]
TPCM[3]
TPCM[4]
TPCM[5]
TPCM[6]
TPCM[7]
TPCM[8]
TPCM[1]
First bit
TPCM[2]
Second bit
TPCM[3]
Third bit
TPCM[4]
Fourth bit
TPCM[5]
Fifth bit
TPCM[6]
Sixth bit
TPCM[7]
Seventh bit
TPCM[8]
Eighth bit received on TPCMI
3-132
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
180–19F—Receive Per-Channel Control (RPCn; n = 0 to 31)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSIG_AB/
EMFBIT
RIDLE
SIG_STK
RLOCAL
RSIGA
RSIGB
RSIGC
RSIGD
RSIG_AB/EMFBIT
AB Signaling (Per-Channel RSIG_AB [without DEBOUNCE])—In E1 mode, received
signaling is placed into RSIGn, but RSIGO output duplicates the buffered AB bit value in the
CD output bits, thus sending ABAB on RSIGO instead of ABCD. In T1 mode, RSIG_AB
instructs the receiver to use the available RSIGn buffer space to meet PUB43801 and
TR-170—which require three SF multiframes of receive signaling buffer storage before
output. Every 24 frames, the received ABCD signaling value is transferred from the RSIGn
input buffer space to the RSIGn output buffer space, regardless of whether the receiver
operates in SF, SLC, or ESF mode. In SF mode, the ABCD value contains AB = AB(N–1), and
CD = AB(N) from two multiframes. Since multiframe N–1 is the older sample, AB(N–1)
replaces AB(N) in the event of signaling freeze. RSIGO and RPCMO signaling bit output
values are always taken from RSIGn output buffer according to RSB frame number.
0 = normal ABCD and embedded F-bit throughput
1 = AB signaling and embedded F-bit replacement
AB Signaling (Per-Channel RSIG_AB [with DEBOUNCE])—Debounce affects RSIGn
input buffer update mechanism by comparing—on a bit-by-bit basis—the present received
input signaling bit value with the current buffered signaling bit values from two prior
multiframes. If signaling from prior multiframe (N) differs from input and input equals
buffered value from two multiframes prior (N–1), the signaling bit value from multiframe N is
inverted when the input buffer is updated.
Sig Input
Buffer N, N-1
Update N, N-1
Notes
0
00
00
—
0
01
00
Change Update
0
10
00
Debounce
0
11
01
—
1
00
10
—
1
01
11
Debounce
1
10
11
Change Update
1
11
11
—
When RIDLE is active in an unassigned time slot defined to carry embedded F-bits,
EMFBIT replaces all embedded F-bit outputs on RPCMO with the programmed value.
RIDLE
Time Slot Idle—When RIDLE is active, the incoming RX time slot data is only updated in
RSLIP_HIn buffer, and the RSB time slot data output is only extracted from RSLIP_LOn
buffer. Thus, the processor can write an 8-bit idle code pattern in RSLIP_LOn buffer for output
during RSB time slot.
0 = no effect
1 = RSB time slot replaced by contents of RSLIP_LOn
SIG_STK
Receive Signaling Stack—Selects whether changes detected in the ABCD signaling value are
reported in the signaling stack [addr 0DA]. Signaling for all time slots is continuously updated
in RSIGn buffer, regardless of the SIG_STK setting.
0 = no effect
1 = signaling stack
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-133
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RLOCAL
Enable Local Signaling Output—Determines whether the RSIGO output signaling and
RPCMO inserted signaling [INSERT; addr 0E0-0FF] are supplied from the RSIGn output
buffer or processor-supplied local signaling from RSIGA–RSIGD.
0 = RSIGn buffer signaling
1 = RSIGA-RSIGD local signaling
RSIGA–RSIGD
Local Receive Signaling—When RLOCAL is active, these four bits are inserted into RSIGO
instead of the buffered signaling from RSIGn. If both RLOCAL and INSERT are active, they
are also inserted into RPCMO during system bus signaling frames.
0 = output signaling bit equals 0
1 = output signaling bit equals 1
1A0–1BF—Receive Signaling Buffer (RSIGn; n = 0 to 31)
The Receive Signaling Buffer (RSIGn) contains all ABCD signaling inputs from all channels, regardless of
whether signaling is active [SIG_STK; addr 180–19F]. RSIGn is not updated during signaling freeze
conditions, or when the receive framer is configured in a non-signaling mode. Normal signaling buffer
operation transfers ABCD input to ABCD output, coincident with the D-bit update (in T1 mode), or coincident
with the receipt of the respective channel's ABCD signaling during TS16 (in E1 mode). When DEBOUNCE is
active, output signaling for active channels is updated coincident with the sampling of each input signaling bit.
This may cause the buffered output value to transition in the middle of the received multiframe.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RSIGn[7]
RSIGn[6]
RSIGn[5]
RSIGn[4]
RSIGn[3]
RSIGn[2]
RSIGn[1]
RSIGn[0]
RSIGn[7]
Output Signaling A Bit
RSIGn[6]
Output Signaling B Bit
RSIGn[5]
Output Signaling C Bit
RSIGn[4]
Output Signaling D Bit
RSIG0 (E1) RSIG16 (E1 Mode)
RSIGn[3]
Input Signaling A Bit
MAS.1
X.1
RSIGn[2]
Input Signaling B Bit
MAS.2
MYEL
RSIGn[1]
Input Signaling C Bit
MAS.3
X.3
RSIGn[0]
Input Signaling D Bit
MAS.4
X.4
3-134
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.17 System Bus Registers
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
1C0–1DF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RPCM[1]
RPCM[2]
RPCM[3]
RPCM[4]
RPCM[5]
RPCM[6]
RPCM[7]
RPCM[8]
RPCM[1]
First bit
RPCM[2]
Second bit
RPCM[3]
Third bit
RPCM[4]
Fourth bit
RPCM[5]
Fifth bit
RPCM[6]
Sixth bit
RPCM[7]
Seventh bit
RPCM[8]
Eighth bit received from receiver
1E0–1FF—Receive PCM Slip Buffer (RSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31)
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RPCM[1]
RPCM[2]
RPCM[3]
RPCM[4]
RPCM[5]
RPCM[6]
RPCM[7]
RPCM[8]
RPCM[1]
First bit
RPCM[2]
Second bit
RPCM[3]
Third bit
RPCM[4]
Fourth bit
RPCM[5]
Fifth bit
RPCM[6]
Sixth bit
RPCM[7]
Seventh bit
RPCM[8]
Eighth bit received from receiver
N8370DSE
Conexant
3-135
3.18 Register Summary
3-136
3
3.18 Register Summary
Table 3-24. Global Control and Status Registers
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
000
DID
001
002
Bit Number
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R
DID[7]
DID[6]
DID[5]
DID[4]
DID[3]
DID[2]
DID[1]
DID[0]
CR0
R/W
RESET
—
—
RFRAME[3]
RFRAME[2]
RFRAME[1]
RFRAME[0]
T1/E1N
JAT_CR
R/W
JEN
JFREE
JDIR
JAUTO
JCENTER
JSIZE[2]
JSIZE[1]
JSIZE[0]
Conexant
Table 3-25. Interrupt Request Register
Register
Label
Read
Write
003
IRR
R
Bit Number
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
ALARM1
ALARM2
ERROR
COUNT
TIMER
DL1
DL2
PATT
Bt8370/8375/8376
N8370DSE
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
004
ISR7
005
Bit Number
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R
RMYEL
RYEL
RPDV
RAIS
RALOS
RLOS
RLOF
SIGFRZ
ISR6
R
LOOPDN
LOOPUP
TPDV
TSHORT
TLOC
—
TLOF
ONESEC
006
ISR5
R
TSLIP
RSLIP
CKERR
JERR
CERR
SERR
MERR
FERR
007
ISR4
R
FRED[4]
COFA[2]
SEF[2]
BERR[12]
FEBE[10]
LCV[16]
CRC[10]
FERR[12]
008
ISR3
R
TSIG
TMSYNC
TMF
TFRAME
RSIG
RMSYNC
RMF
RFRAME
009
ISR2
R
TBOP
RFULL1
RNEAR1
RMSG1
TDLERR1
TEMPTY1
TNEAR1
TMSG1
00A
ISR1
R
RBOP
RFULL2
RNEAR2
RMSG2
TDLERR2
TEMPTY2
TNEAR2
TMSG2
00B
ISR0
R
—
—
BSLIP
PSYNC
TCERR
TSERR
TMERR
TFERR
Conexant
Table 3-27. Interrupt Enable Registers
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
00C
IER7
00D
Bit Number
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
RMYEL
RYEL
RPDV
RAIS
RALOS
RLOS
RLOF
SIGFRZ
IER6
R/W
LOOPDN
LOOPUP
TPDV
TSHORT
TLOC
—
TLOF
ONESEC
00E
IER5
R/W
TSLIP
RSLIP
CKERR
JERR
CERR
SERR
MERR
FERR
00F
IER4
R/W
LOF
COFA
SEF
BERR
FEBE
LCV
CRC
FERR
010
IER3
R/W
TSIG
TMSYNC
TMF
TFRAME
RSIG
RMSYNC
RMF
RFRAME
011
IER2
R/W
TBOP
RFULL1
RNEAR1
RMSG1
TDLERR1
TEMPTY1
TNEAR1
TMSG1
012
IER1
R/W
RBOP
RFULL2
RNEAR2
RMSG2
RDLERR2
TEMPTY2
TNEAR2
TMSG2
013
IER0
R/W
—
—
BSLIP
PSYNC
TCERR
TSERR
TMERR
TFERR
3-137
3.18 Register Summary
7
Bt8370/8375/8376
ADDR
(hex)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
N8370DSE
Table 3-26. Interrupt Status Registers
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
014
LOOP
015
Bit Number
Conexant
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
PLOOP
LLOOP
FLOOP
ALOOP
DL3_TS
R/W
DL3EN
FS[1]
FS[0]
TS[4]
TS[3]
TS[2]
TS[1]
TS[0]
016
DL3_BIT
R/W
DL3_BIT[7]
DL3_BIT[6]
DL3_BIT[5]
DL3_BIT[4]
DL3_BIT[3]
DL3_BIT[2]
DL3_BIT[1]
DL3_BIT[0]
017
FSTAT
R
—
—
—
INVALID
FOUND
TIMEOUT
ACTIVE
RX/TXN
018
PIO
R/W
ONESEC_IO
RDL_IO
TDL_IO
INDY_IO
RFSYNC_IO
RMSYNC_IO
TFSYNC_IO
TMSYNC_IO
019
POE
R/W
—
—
TDL_OE
RDL_OE
INDY_OE
TCKO_OE
CLADO_OE
RCKO_OE
01A
CMUX
R/W
RSBCKI[1]
RSBCKI[0]
TSBCKI[1]
TSBCKI[0]
CLADI[1]
CLADI[0]
TCKI[1]
TCKI[0]
01B
TMUX
R/W
—
—
TMUX[5]
TMUX[4]
TMUX[3]
TMUX[2]
TMUX[1]
TMUX[0]
01C
TEST
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
—
TEST[1]
TEST[0]
3.18 Register Summary
3-138
Table 3-28. Primary Control and Status Registers
Table 3-29. Receive LIU Registers (1 of 2)
Bit Number
Read
Write
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
020
LIU_CR
R/W
RST_LIU
SQUELCH
FORCE_VGA
RDIGI
ATTN[1]
ATTN[0]
—
1
021
RSTAT
R
CPDERR
JMPTY
ZCSUB
EXZ
BPV
—
EYEOPEN
PRE_EQ
022
RLIU_CR
R/W
FRZ_SHORT
HI_CSLICE
AGC[1]
AGC[0]
EQ_FRZ
OOR_BLOCK
RLB0
LONG_EYE
023
LPF
R/W
—
LPF[6]
LPF[5]
LPF[4]
LPF[3]
LPF[2]
LPF[1]
LPF[0]
024
VGA_MAX
R/W
—
—
VGA_MAX[5]
VGA_MAX[4]
VGA_MAX[3]
VGA_MAX[2]
VGA_MAX[1]
VGA_MAX[0]
025
EQ_DAT
R/W
EQ_DAT[7]
EQ_DAT[6]
EQ_DAT[5]
EQ_DAT[4]
EQ_DAT[3]
EQ_DAT[2]
EQ_DAT[1]
EQ_DAT[0]
026
EQ_PTR
R/W
—
—
EQ_PTR[5]
EQ_PTR[4]
EQ_PTR[3]
EQ_PTR[2]
EQ_PTR[1]
EQ_PTR[0]
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Register
Label
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
027
DSLICE
028
Bit Number
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
DSLICE[7]
DSLICE[6]
DSLICE[5]
DSLICE[4]
DSLICE[3]
DSLICE[2]
DSLICE[1]
DSLICE[0]
EQ_OUT
R/W
EQOUT[7]
EQOUT[6]
EQOUT[5]
EQOUT[4]
EQOUT[3]
EQOUT[2]
EQOUT[1]
EQOUT[0]
029
VGA
R
—
—
VGA[5]
VGA[4]
VGA[3]
VGA[2]
VGA[1]
VGA[0]
02A
PRE_EQ
R/W
FORCE
ON
VTHRESH[5]
VTHRESH[4]
VTHRESH[3]
VTHRESH[2]
VTHRESH[1]
VTHRESH[0]
030–037
COEFF
R
COEFF[7]
COEFF[6]
COEFF[5]
COEFF[4]
COEFF[3]
COEFF[2]
COEFF[1]
COEFF[0]
038–03C
GAIN
R/W
—
—
—
GAIN[4]
GAIN[3]
GAIN[2]
GAIN[1]
GAIN[0]
Table 3-30. Receiver Registers
Bit Number
Conexant
Register
Label
Read
Write
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
040
RCR0
R/W
RAMI
RABORT
RFORCE
RLOFD
RLOFC
RLOFB
RLOFA
RZCS
041
RPATT
R/W
—
—
RESEED
BSTART
FRAMED
ZLIMIT
RPATT[1]
RPATT[0]
042
RLB
R/W
—
—
—
—
DN_LEN[1]
DN_LEN[0]
UP_LEN[1]
UP_LEN[0]
043
LBA
R/W
LBA[1]
LBA[2]
LBA[3]
LBA[4]
LBA[5]
LBA[6]
LBA[7]
—
044
LBD
R/W
LBD[1]
LBD[2]
LBD[3]
LBD[4]
LBD[5]
LBD[6]
LBD[7]
—
045
RALM
R/W
—
—
FS_NFAS
EXZ_LCV
YEL_INTEG
RLOF_INTEG
0
RPCM_AIS
046
LATCH
R/W
—
—
—
—
STOP_CNT
LATCH_CNT
LATCH_ERR
LATCH_ALM
047
ALM1
R
RMYEL
RYEL
—
RAIS
RALOS
RLOS
RLOF
SIGFRZ
048
ALM2
R
LOOPDN
LOOPUP
—
TSHORT
TLOC
—
TLOF
—
049
ALM3
R
—
RMAIS
SEF
SRED
MRED
FRED
LOF[1]
LOF[0]
3-139
3.18 Register Summary
ADDR
(hex)
Bt8370/8375/8376
ADDR
(hex)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
N8370DSE
Table 3-29. Receive LIU Registers (2 of 2)
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
050
FERR
051
Bit Number
Conexant
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R
FERR[7]
FERR[6]
FERR[5]
FERR[4]
FERR[3]
FERR[2]
FERR[1]
FERR[0]
FERR
R
0
0
0
0
FERR[11]
FERR[10]
FERR[9]
FERR[8]
052
CERR
R
CERR[7]
CERR[6]
CERR[5]
CERR[4]
CERR[3]
CERR[2]
CERR[1]
CERR[0]
053
CERR
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
CERR[9]
CERR[8]
054
LCV
R
LCV[7]
LCV[6]
LCV[5]
LCV[4]
LCV[3]
LCV[2]
LCV[1]
LCV[0]
055
LCV
R
LCV[15]
LCV[14]
LCV[13]
LCV[12]
LCV[11]
LCV[10]
LCV[9]
LCV[8]
056
FEBE
R
FEBE[7]
FEBE[6]
FEBE[5]
FEBE[4]
FEBE[3]
FEBE[2]
FEBE[1]
FEBE[0]
057
FEBE
R
0
0
0
0
0
0
FEBE[9]
FEBE[8]
058
BERR
R
BERR[7]
BERR[6]
BERR[5]
BERR[4]
BERR[3]
BERR[2]
BERR[1]
BERR[0]
059
BERR
R
0
0
0
0
BERR[11]
BERR[10]
BERR[9]
BERR[8]
05A
AERR
R
FRED[3]
FRED[2]
FRED[1]
FRED[0]
COFA[1]
COFA[0]
SEF[1]
SEF[0]
Bit Number
Register
Label
Read
Write
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
05B
RSA4
R
RSA4[7]
RSA4[6]
RSA4[5]
RSA4[4]
RSA4[3]
RSA4[2]
RSA4[1]
RSA4[0]
05C
RSA5
R
RSA5[7]
RSA5[6]
RSA5[5]
RSA5[4]
RSA5[3]
RSA5[2]
RSA5[1]
RSA5[0]
05D
RSA6
R
RSA6[7]
RSA6[6]
RSA6[5]
RSA6[4]
RSA6[3]
RSA6[2]
RSA6[1]
RSA6[0]
05E
RSA7
R
RSA7[7]
RSA7[6]
RSA7[5]
RSA7[4]
RSA7[3]
RSA7[2]
RSA7[1]
RSA7[0]
05F
RSA8
R
RSA8[7]
RSA8[6]
RSA8[5]
RSA8[4]
RSA8[3]
RSA8[2]
RSA8[1]
RSA8[0]
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
ADDR
(hex)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-32. Receive Sa-Byte Buffers
3.18 Register Summary
3-140
Table 3-31. Performance Monitoring Registers
Register
Label
Read
Write
060–067
SHAPE
068
TLIU_CR
Bit Number
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
—
—
SHAPE[5]
SHAPE[4]
SHAPE[3]
SHAPE[2]
SHAPE[1]
SHAPE[0]
R/W
TURNS
TERM
LBO[1]
LBO[0]
PULSE[2]
PULSE[1]
PULSE[0]
AISCLK
Table 3-34. Transmitter Registers
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
070
TCR0
071
Bit Number
Conexant
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
—
—
—
—
TFRAME[3]
TFRAME[2]
TFRAME[1]
TFRAME[0]
TCR1
R/W
TNRZ
TABORT
TFORCE
TLOFC
TLOFB
TLOFA
TZCS[1]
TZCS[0]
072
TFRM
R/W
—
—
INS_MYEL
INS_YEL
INS_MF
INS_FE
INS_CRC
INS_FBIT
073
TERROR
R/W
TSERR
TMERR
TBERR
BSLIP
TCOFA
TCERR
TFERR
TVERR
074
TMAN
R/W
INS_SA[8]
INS_SA[7]
INS_SA[6]
INS_SA[5]
INS_SA[4]
FEBE_II
FEBE_I
TFEBE
075
TALM
R/W
—
—
AUTO_MYEL
AUTO_YEL
AUTO_AIS
TMYEL
TYEL
TAIS
076
TPATT
R/W
—
—
—
TPSTART
FRAMED
ZLIMIT
TPATT[1]
TPATT[0]
077
TLB
R/W
—
—
—
—
LB_LEN[1]
LB_LEN[0]
UNFRAMED
LBSTART
078
LBP
R/W
LBP[1]
LBP[2]
LBP[3]
LBP[4]
LBP[5]
LBP[6]
LBP[7]
—
Table 3-35. Transmit Sa-Byte Buffers
Register
Label
Read
Write
07B
TSA4
07C
Bit Number
3-141
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
TSA4[7]
TSA4[6]
TSA4[5]
TSA4[4]
TSA4[3]
TSA4[2]
TSA4[1]
TSA4[0]
TSA5
R/W
TSA5[7]
TSA5[6]
TSA5[5]
TSA5[4]
TSA5[3]
TSA5[2]
TSA5[1]
TSA5[0]
07D
TSA6
R/W
TSA6[7]
TSA6[6]
TSA6[5]
TSA6[4]
TSA6[3]
TSA6[2]
TSA6[1]
TSA6[0]
07E
TSA7
R/W
TSA7[7]
TSA7[6]
TSA7[5]
TSA7[4]
TSA7[3]
TSA7[2]
TSA7[1]
TSA7[0]
07F
TSA8
R/W
TSA8[7]
TSA8[6]
TSA8[5]
TSA8[4]
TSA8[3]
TSA8[2]
TSA8[1]
TSA8[0]
3.18 Register Summary
ADDR
(hex)
Bt8370/8375/8376
ADDR
(hex)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
N8370DSE
Table 3-33. Transmit LIU Registers
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
090
CLAD_CR
091
Bit Number
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
CEN
XSEL[2]
XSEL[1]
XSEL[0]
LFGAIN[3]
LFGAIN[2]
LFGAIN[1]
LFGAIN[0]
CSEL
R/W
VSEL[3]
VSEL[2]
VSEL[1]
VSEL[0]
OSEL[3]
OSEL[2]
OSEL[1]
OSEL[0]
092
CPHASE
R/W
—
RSCALE[2]
RSCALE[1]
RSCALE[0]
—
VSCALE[2]
VSCALE[1]
VSCALE[0]
093
CTEST
R/W
—
—
—
PNSEL
D20A
TBUS
RWINI
JINIT
1
0
3.18 Register Summary
3-142
Table 3-36. CLAD Registers
Table 3-37. Bit-Oriented Protocol Registers
Bit Number
Conexant
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
7
6
5
4
3
2
0A0
BOP
R/W
RBOP_START
RBOP_INTEG
RBOP_LEN[1]
RBOP_LEN[0]
TBOP_LEN[1]
TBOP_LEN[0]
0A1
TBOP
R/W
—
—
TBOP[5]
TBOP[4]
TBOP[3]
TBOP[2]
TBOP[1]
TBOP[0]
0A2
RBOP
R
RBOP_LOST
RBOP_VALID
RBOP[5]
RBOP[4]
RBOP[3]
RBOP[2]
RBOP[1]
RBOP[0]
0A3
BOP_STAT
R
TBOP_ACTIVE
RBOP_ACTIVE
—
—
—
—
—
—
TBOP_MODE[1] TBOP_MODE[0]
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
0A4
DL1_TS
0A5
Bit Number
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
DL1_TS[7]
DL1_TS[6]
DL1_TS[5]
DL1_TS[4]
DL1_TS[3]
DL1_TS[2]
DL1_TS[1]
DL1_TS[0]
DL1_BIT
R/W
DL1_BIT[7]
DL1_BIT[6]
DL1_BIT[5]
DL1_BIT[4]
DL1_BIT[3]
DL1_BIT[2]
DL1_BIT[1]
DL1_BIT[0]
0A6
DL1_CTL
R/W
—
—
—
TDL1_RPT
DL1[1]
DL1[0]
TDL1_EN
RDL1_EN
0A7
RDL1_FFC
R/W
MSG_FILL[1]
MSG_FILL[0]
FFC[5]
FFC[4]
FFC[3]
FFC[2]
FFC[1]
FFC[0]
EOM[1]
EOM[0]
RDL1_CNT[5]
RDL1_CNT[4]
RDL1_CNT[3]
RDL1_CNT[2]
RDL1_CNT[1]
RDL1_CNT[0]
0A8
RDL1
R
RDL1[7]
RDL1[6]
RDL1[5]
RDL1[4]
RDL1[3]
RDL1[2]
RDL1[1]
RDL1[0]
0A9
RDL1_STAT
R
—
—
—
RMSG1
RSTAT1
RMPTY1
RNEAR1
RFULL1
0AA
PRM
R/W
AUTO_PRM
PRM_CR
PRM_R
PRM_U1
PRM_U2
PRM_SL
AUTO_SL
SEND_PRM
Bt8370/8375/8376
N8370DSE
7
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 3-38. Data Link Registers (1 of 2)
Register
Label
Read
Write
0AB
TDL1_FEC
0AC
Bit Number
Conexant
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
—
—
FEC[5]
FEC[4]
FEC[3]
FEC[2]
FEC[1]
FEC[0]
TDL1_EOM
W
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0AD
TDL1
R/W
TDL1[7]
TDL1[6]
TDL1[5]
TDL1[4]
TDL1[3]
TDL1[2]
TDL1[1]
TDL1[0]
0AE
TDL1_STAT
R
—
—
—
—
TMSG1
TMPTY1
TNEAR1
TFULL1
0AF
DL2_TS
R/W
DL2_TS[7]
DL2_TS[6]
DL2_TS[5]
DL2_TS[4]
DL2_TS[3]
DL2_TS[2]
DL2_TS[1]
DL2_TS[0]
0B0
DL2_BIT
R/W
DL2_BIT[7]
DL2_BIT[6]
DL2_BIT[5]
DL2_BIT[4]
DL2_BIT[3]
DL2_BIT[2]
DL2_BIT[1]
DL2_BIT[0]
0B1
DL2_CTL
R/W
—
—
—
TDL2_RPT
DL2[1]
DL2[0]
TDL2_EN
RDL2_EN
0B2
RDL2_FFC
R/W
MSG_FILL[1]
MSG_FILL[0]
FFC[5]
FFC[4]
FFC[3]
FFC[2]
FFC[1]
FFC[0]
EOM[1]
EOM[0]
RDL2_CNT[5]
RDL2_CNT[4]
RDL2_CNT[3]
RDL2_CNT[2]
RDL2_CNT[1]
RDL2_CNT[0]
0B3
RDL2
R
RDL2[7]
RDL2[6]
RDL2[5]
RDL2[4]
RDL2[3]
RDL2[2]
RDL2[1]
RDL2[0]
RDL2_STAT
R
—
—
—
RMSG2
RSTAT2
RMPTY2
RNEAR2
RFULL2
0B6
TDL2_FEC
R/W
—
—
FEC[5]
FEC[4]
FEC[3]
FEC[2]
FEC[1]
FEC[0]
0B7
TDL2_EOM
W
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0B8
TDL2
R/W
TDL2[7]
TDL2[6]
TDL2[5]
TDL2[4]
TDL2[3]
TDL2[2]
TDL2[1]
TDL2[0]
0B9
TDL2_STAT
R
—
—
—
—
TMSG2
TMPTY2
TNEAR2
TFULL2
0BA
DL_TEST1
R/W
—
—
—
—
DL_TEST1[3]
DL_TEST1[2]
DL_TEST1[1]
DL_TEST1[0]
0BB
DL_TEST2
R/W
—
—
DL_TEST2[5]
DL_TEST2[4]
DL_TEST2[3]
DL_TEST2[2]
DL_TEST2[1]
DL_TEST2[0]
0BC
DL_TEST3
R/W
—
—
DL_TEST3[5]
DL_TEST3[4]
DL_TEST3[3]
DL_TEST3[2]
DL_TEST3[1]
DL_TEST3[0]
0BD
DL_TEST4
R/W
—
DL_TEST4[6]
DL_TEST4[5]
DL_TEST4[4]
DL_TEST4[3]
DL_TEST4[2]
DL_TEST4[1]
DL_TEST4[0]
0BE
DL_TEST5
R/W
—
DL_TEST5[6]
DL_TEST5[5]
DL_TEST5[4]
DL_TEST5[3]
DL_TEST5[2]
DL_TEST5[1]
DL_TEST5[0]
3-143
3.18 Register Summary
0B4
Bt8370/8375/8376
ADDR
(hex)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
N8370DSE
Table 3-38. Data Link Registers (2 of 2)
ADDR
(hex)
Register
Label
Read
Write
0D0
SBI_CR
0D1
Bit Number
Conexant
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
X2CLK
SBI_OE
EMF
EMBED
SBI[3]
SBI[2]
SBI[1]
SBI[0]
RSB_CR
R/W
BUS_RSB
SIG_OFF
RPCM_NEG
RSYN_NEG
BUS_FRZ
RSB_CTR
RSBI[1]
RSBI[0]
0D2
RSYNC_BIT
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
OFFSET[2]
OFFSET[1]
OFFSET[0]
0D3
RSYNC_TS
R/W
—
OFFSET[9]
OFFSET[8]
OFFSET[7]
OFFSET[6]
OFFSET[5]
OFFSET[4]
OFFSET[3]
0D4
TSB_CR
R/W
BUS_TSB
TX_ALIGN
TPCM_NEG
TSYN_NEG
TSB_ALIGN
TSB_CTR
TSBI[1]
TSBI[0]
0D5
TSYNC_BIT
R/W
—
—
—
—
—
OFFSET[2]
OFFSET[1]
OFFSET[0]
0D6
TSYNC_TS
R/W
—
OFFSET[9]
OFFSET[8]
OFFSET[7]
OFFSET[6]
OFFSET[5]
OFFSET[4]
OFFSET[3]
0D7
RSIG_CR
R/W
—
SET_RSIG
SET_SIG
UNICODE
DEBOUNCE
FRZ_OFF
FRZ_ON
THRU
0D8
RSYNC_FRM
R/W
—
—
—
OFFSET[14]
OFFSET[13]
OFFSET[12]
OFFSET[11]
OFFSET[10]
0D9
SSTAT
R
TSDIR
TFSLIP
TUSLIP
—
RSDIR
RFSLIP
RUSLIP
—
WORD
MORE
—
CH[4]
CH[3]
CH[2]
CH[1]
CH[0]
0DA
STACK
R
WORD
MORE
—
—
SIG_BITA
SIG_BITB
SIG_BITC
SIG_BITD
RPHASE
R
RDELAY[5]
RDELAY[4]
RDELAY[3]
RDELAY[2]
RDELAY[1]
RDELAY[0]
RSLIP_WR
RSLIP_RD
0DC
TPHASE
R
TDELAY[5]
TDELAY[4]
TDELAY[3]
TDELAY[2]
TDELAY[1]
TDELAY[0]
TSLIP_WR
TSLIP_RD
0DD
PERR
R
—
—
—
—
—
PERR_TPC
PERR_RPC
PERR_SBC
0E0–0FF
SBCn; n = 0 to 31
R/W
—
INSERT
SIG_LP
RLOOP
RINDO
TINDO
TSIG_AB
ASSIGN
100–11F
TPCn; n = 0 to 31
R/W
TB7ZS/EMFBIT
TLOOP
TIDLE
TLOCAL
TSIGA/TSIGO
TSIGB/RSIGO
TSIGC
TSIGD
120–13F
TSIGn; n = 00 to 31
R/W
—
—
—
—
TSIGn[3]
TSIGn[2]
TSIGn[1]
TSIGn[0]
Bt8370/8375/8376
N8370DSE
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
0DB
3.18 Register Summary
3-144
Table 3-39. System Bus Registers (1 of 2)
Register
Label
Read
Write
140–15F
TSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31
160–17F
Bit Number
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
R/W
TPCM[1]
TPCM[2]
TPCM[3]
TPCM[4]
TPCM[5]
TPCM[6]
TPCM[7]
TPCM[8]
TSLIP–HIn; n = 0 to 31
R/W
TPCM[1]
TPCM[2]
TPCM[3]
TPCM[4]
TPCM[5]
TPCM[6]
TPCM[7]
TPCM[8]
180–19F
RPCn; n = 0 to 31
R/W
RSIG_AB/
EMFBIT
RIDLE
SIG_STK
RLOCAL
RSIGA
RSIGB
RSIGC
RSIGD
1A0–1BF
RSIGn; n = 0 to 31
R/W
RSIGn[7]
RSIGn[6]
RSIGn[5]
RSIGn[4]
RSIGn[3]
RSIGn[2]
RSIGn[1]
RSIGn[0]
1C0–1DF
RSLIP_LOn; n = 0 to 31
R/W
RPCM[1]
RPCM[2]
RPCM[3]
RPCM[4]
RPCM[5]
RPCM[6]
RPCM[7]
RPCM[8]
1E0–1FF
RSLIP_HIn; n = 0 to 31
R/W
RPCM[1]
RPCM[2]
RPCM[3]
RPCM[4]
RPCM[5]
RPCM[6]
RPCM[7]
RPCM[8]
Bt8370/8375/8376
ADDR
(hex)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
N8370DSE
Table 3-39. System Bus Registers (2 of 2)
Conexant
3.18 Register Summary
3-145
Bt8370/8375/8376
3.18 Register Summary
3-146
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Conexant
N8370DSE
4
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Table 4-1. Transformer Specifications
Parameter
Turns Ratio
Pulse Engineering Part Numbers:
Temp. 0 to 70 °C.
Dual– SMT (small) 1500 Vrms
Dual– SMT 3 KVrms
Pulse Engineering Part Numbers:
Temp. 0 to 70 °C.
Dual– SMT
Dual– SMT (small)
Dual– Thru Hole
TX
Low Power
RX
TX
Better RL
Value
Value
Value
1:1.15
1:1
1:1.36
—
—
T1190
T1038/T1035
PE–68865(1)
PE–65865
PE–65567
—
—
—
1 Ω maximum
Serial Resistance
Primary Inductance
OCL 1.2 mH @ 25 °C.
Isolation Voltage
1500 Vrms/3 KVrms
0.6 µH
Leakage Inductance
NOTE(S):
(1)
N8370DSE
Contact Pulse Engineering for other part numbers.
Phone: (619) 674-8100.
WEB: http://www.pulseeng.com
Conexant
4-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 4-2. REFCKI (10 MHz) Crystal Oscillator Specifications
Parameter
Nominal Frequency
10 MHz
Frequency Accuracy (E1)
±50 ppm
Frequency Accuracy (T1)
± 32 ppm
Output Level
CMOS or TTL
Aging
4-2
Value
2 ppm/year, 10 ppm maximum
Conexant
N8370DSE
N8370DSE
Conexant
10 µF
68
75
56
0.1 µF
14 k (6)
XRING
XTIP
RRING
VSET
61
REFCKI
GND6
GND3
72
VDD6
59
VDD3
RTIP
57
58
74
73
International
Rectifier
10BQ040 or
11DQ04
+5V
Chip side
Secondary Surge
Protection (2)
2.1
2.1
470
470
(3)
Smoothing
Capacitor
100 pF
Motorola
MMBF0201N
Programmable
Receive Termination
Fixed
Transmit
Termination (4)
51.1
112
Fixed Receive
Termination (5)
0.1
1:1.36
PULSE
T1190
1:1
Optional
Common Mode
Choke (7)
PE 65854
or
PE 65554
LC01-6
Semtech
TVS
TVS
TVS
Thyristor
PTC
PTC
PTC
TR600-160
Raychem
TVS
Thyristor
Teccor
P0300SB
Line side Secondary
Surge
Protection (1)
TX
RX
TX
RX
RJ48C
or
BANTAM
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
8370_001
10 MHz
5 V TVS
SM05
Semtech
+5V
Bt8370
Chip side
Secondary Surge
Protection (2)
(Using 1:1 Receive Transformer)
Twisted Pair Metallic Interface
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Figure 4-1. Option A: Long Haul Application with Ground Reference on the Line Side (1 of 2)
4-3
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 4-1. Option A: Long Haul Application with Ground Reference on the Line Side (2 of 2)
NOTE(S):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
4-4
Line side secondary surge protection to meet FCC Part 68, Bellcore TR-NWT-001089, and IEC 1000-4-5 requirements.
These components are: 1. TVS-LC01-6 Semtech, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem, 3. TVS Thyristor—Teccor P3100SB.
A thyristor device (crow bar device) is used to protect against common mode (longitudinal) surges.
A Thyristor device with 275 V breakover voltage rated to handle 100A (tp = 10X100Us) is required.
A LC01-6 device provides protection during the metallic high surge lightning tests.
It is designed to shunt the surge current with a maximum clamping voltage of 16 V below the transformer saturation point.
The low capacitance characteristic of LC01-6 (50 pF) is required to avoid signal degration of the high speed digital pulse. A
PTC device is used for AC power cross faults, meeting the requirements of Bellcore 1089 and UL1459.
Chip side Secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection
diodes. These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—10BQ040(surface mount) or 11DQ04(discrete) International Rectifier
or one 20CJQ04 with two 10BQ040 2. two 2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING
are used to limit the current going into the device while the power is off and T1/E1 lines are connected.
Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω.
Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications.
Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination plus
series value of the primary surge protection line feed resistor (PTC) should match the line impedance required.
VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude and depending on the line feed resistance
(PTC) in the primary surge protection circuit, its value can be fine-tuned. Use R (VSET) = 14 k if total line series resistance
is 0 to 12 Ω.
The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to
improve emissions test. Another good option is to place chokes between PTC and the Line side surge protection device. If
common mode noise is a concern then use the through hole package (PE65854) at the connector.
Conexant
N8370DSE
N8370DSE
Conexant
10 µF
68
75
56
0.1 µF
14 k (6)
VSET
61
REFCKI
GND3
GND6
72
VDD6
59
VDD3
XRING
XTIP
RRING
RTIP
57
58
74
73
2.1
+5V
Chip side Secondary
Surge
Protection (2)
2.1
11DQ04
10BQ040 or
International Rectifier
470
470
75
Smoothing
Capacitor
100 pF
5%
Motorola
MMBF0201N
100
Programmable Receive
Termination (3)
Fixed Transmit
Termination (4)
51.1
115
Fixed Receive
Termination (5)
0.1
1:1.36
PULSE
T1190
1:1
Optional
Common Mode
Choke (5)
PE 65854
or
PE 65554
PTC
Either TVS
or
Thyristor
TR600-160
Raychem
Either TVS
or
Thyristor
Line side
Secondary Surge
Protection (1)
(Using 1:1 Receive Transformer)
LC01-6
Semtech
TVS
TX
RX
See note (1)
or
TX
Teccor
P0300SB
Thyristor
RJ48C
or
BANTAM
RX
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
8370_002
10 MHz
5 V TVS
SM05
Semtech
+5V
Bt8370
Chip side Secondary
Surge
Protection (2)
Twisted Pair Metallic Interface
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Figure 4-2. Option B: Long Haul with No Ground Reference (1 of 2)
4-5
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 4-2. Option B: Long Haul with No Ground Reference (2 of 2)
NOTE(S):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
4-6
Line side secondary surge protection to meet FCC Part 68, Bellcore TR-NWT-001089, and IEC 1000-4-5 requirements.
These components are: 1. TVS-LC01-6 Semtech, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem, or 1. Thyristor (Sidactor)—Teccor
P0300SB, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem can be used.
An LC01-6 device provides protection during high surge lightning tests. It is designed to shunt the surge current with a
maximum clamping voltage of 16 V maximum, below the transformer saturation point.
A Thyristor (Sidactor—Teccor P0300SB) clamps the voltage at 40 V maximum.
A PTC device is used for power cross faults, meeting the requirements of Bellcore 1089 and UL1459.
Chip side Secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection
diodes. These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—11DQ04 (disrete) or 10BQ040 (surface mount) International Rectifier,
2. two 2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING are used to limit the current going
into the device while the power is off and T1/E1 lines are connected.
Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω.
Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications.
Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination plus
the primary surge protection line feed resistor (PTC) must match the line impedance.
VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude and depending on the line feed resistance
(PTC) in the primary surge protection circuit, its value can be fine-tuned. Use R (VSET) = 14 k if total line feed resistance is
0 to 12 Ω.
The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to
improve emissions test. Another good option is to place chokes between PTC and Line side surge protection device. If
common mode noise is a concern then use the through hole package (PE65854) at the connector.
Conexant
N8370DSE
N8370DSE
Conexant
10 µF
68
75
56
0.1 µF
59
72
14 k (6)
61
VSET
REFCKI
GND6
GND3
VDD3
VDD6
XRING
XTIP
RRING
RTIP
57
58
74
73
2.1
International
Rectifier
11DQ04 or
10BQ040
2.1
Chip side Secondary
Surge
Protection (2)
470
470
75
+5V
Smoothing
Capacitor
100 pF
Motorola
MMBF0201N
100
Programmable Receive
Termination (3)
Fixed Transmit
Termination (4)
51.1
115
Fixed Receive
Termination (5)
0.1
Coaxial Interface
1:1.36
PULSE
T1190
1:1
Optional Common
Mode Choke (7)
PE 65854
or
PE65554
Either TVS
or
Thyristor
Either TVS
or
Thyristor
PTC
TR600-160
Raychem
PTC
Line side
Secondary Surge
Protection (1)
(Using 1:1 Receive Transformer)
LC01-6
Semtech
TVS
Teccor
P0300SB
See note (1)
or
Thyristor
Terminal
Coax
Terminal
Coax
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
8370_003
10 MHz
5 V TVS
SM05
Semtech
+5V
Bt8370
Chip side Secondary
Surge
Protection (2)
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Figure 4-3. Option C: Long Haul Application with No Ground Reference on the Line (1 of 2)
4-7
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 4-3. Option C: Long Haul Application with No Ground Reference on the Line (2 of 2)
NOTE(S):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
4-8
Line side secondary surge protection to meet FCC Part 68, Bellcore TR-NWT-001089, and IEC 1000-4-5 requirements.
These components are: 1. TVS-LC01-6 Semtech, 2. PTC- TR600-160 Raychem, or 1. Thyristor (Sidactor)—Teccor
P0300SB, 2. PTC-TR600-160 Raychem can be used.
A LC01-6 device provides protection during high surge lightning tests. It is designed to shunt the surge current with a
maximum clamping voltage of 16 V maximum, below the transformer saturation point. A Thyristor (Sidactor—Teccor
P0300SB) clamps the voltage at 40 V maximum. A PTC device is used for power cross faults, meeting the requirements of
Bellcore 1089 and UL1459.
Chip side Secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection
diodes. These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—10BQ040 (surface mount) or 11DQ04 (discrete) International Rectifier
or one 20CJQ04 with two 10BQ040 2. two 2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING
are used to limit the current going into the device and the power are off and T1/E1 lines are connected.
Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω.
Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications.
Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination plus
the primary surge protection line feed resistor (PTC) must match the line impedance.
VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude and depending on the line feed resistance
(PTC) in the primary surge protection circuit, its value can be fine-tuned. Use R (VSET) = 14 k if total line series resistance
is 0 to 12 Ω.
The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to
improve emissions test. Another good option is to place chokes between PTC and the Line side surge protection device. If
common mode noise is a concern then use the through hole package (PE65854) at the connector.
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
T
X
1:1.36
Fixed
Transmit
Termination (3)
Smoothing
Capacitor
51.1
Chip side
Secondary Surge
Protection (1)
2.1
14 k
(5)
61
VSET
57
XRING
REFCKI
GND3
GND6
75
56
0.1 µF
68
XTIP
58
470
74
8370_004
10 MHz
5 V TVS
SM05
Semtech
+5V
10 µF
72
VDD6
59
VDD3
Bt8370
RRING
RTIP
73
470
2.1
Chip side
Secondary Surge
Protection (1)
+5V
100 pF
Programmable
Receive Termination (2)
121
Fixed Receive
Termination (5)
0.1
1:1
PULSE
T1190
PE 65554
Optional Common
Mode Choke (6)
T
X
R
X
(Using 1:1 Receive Transformer)
Twisted Pair Metallic Interface
R
X
RJ48C
or
BANTAM
Figure 4-4. Option D: Short Haul Interface Application
NOTE(S):
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
Chip side secondary surge protection. Diodes should be low capacitance, fast turn-on Schottky or surge protection diodes.
These components are: 1. Schottky Diode—11DQ04 (disrete) or 10BQ040 (surface mount) International Rectifier, 2. two
2.1 Ω, 1/4 W, 1% Resistors. The two 470 Ω resistors in series with RTIP/RRING are used to limit the current going into the
device while the power is off and T1/E1 lines are connected.
Optional programmable receive termination –75/100/120 Ω.
Optional fixed transmit termination. The value shown provides acceptable transmit return loss for T1 and E1 applications.
Required fixed receive termination. The parallel combination of the fixed termination and programmable termination must
match the line impedance.
VSET Resistor. The VSET resistance value controls the transmit signal amplitude.
The Physical area between the connector and chokes should be kept small in order to avoid high frequency coupling and to
improve emissions test
N8370DSE
Conexant
4-9
Bt8370/8375/8376
4.0 Applications
4.1 External Component Specifications
4-10
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Conexant
N8370DSE
5
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Table 5-1. Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
VDD
∆VDD
Parameter
Power Supply (measured to GND)
Minimum
Maximum
Units
–0.5
7
V
0.5
V
VDD + 0.5
V
±2
±700
±200
kV
V
V
Voltage Differential (between any 2 VDD pins)
Vi
Constant Voltage on any Signal Pin
–1.0
ESD
Transient Voltage on any Signal Pin
HBM rating
CDM rating
MMM rating
—
Ii
Constant Current on any Signal Pin
–10
+10
mA
LATCHUP
Transient Current on any Signal Pin
Digital Pins
Analog Pins (TIP,RING)
–350
–350
+400
+400
mA
mA
Ts
Storage Temperature
–65
150
°C
Tj
Junction Temperature: (θjA x VDD x IDD) + Tamb
–40
125
°C
Tvsol
Vapor Phase Soldering Temperature (1 minute)
—
220
°C
Thermal Resistance (80MQFP), Still Air
—
43
°C/W
θjA
NOTE(S): Stresses above those listed as Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress
rating only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the other sections of
this document is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.2 Recommended Operating Conditions
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
5.2 Recommended Operating Conditions
Table 5-2. Recommended Operating Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
VDD
Supply Voltage
4.75
5.25
V
Tamb
Ambient Operating Temperature
Bt8370KPF, Bt8375KPF, Bt8376KPF
Bt8370EPF, Bt8375EPF, Bt8376EPF
0
–40
70
85
°C
°C
Vih
Input High Voltage (except TCK)
2.0
VDD + 0.5
V
Vih
TCK
2.2
VDD + 0.5
V
Vil
Input Low Voltage
–0.5
0.8
V
5.3 Electrical Characteristics
Table 5-3. DC Characteristics
Symbol
5-2
Parameter
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
IDD
Supply Current
—
125
175
mA
Voh
Output High Voltage (Ioh = –400 µA)
3.5
—
—
V
Vol
Output Low Voltage (Iol = 4 mA)
—
—
0.4
V
Iod
Open Drain Output Current Sink
—
—
4
mA
Ipr
Resistive Pullup Current
40
100
500
µA
Il
Input Leakage Current
–10
1
10
µA
Ioz
Three-state Leakage Current
–10
1
10
µA
Cin
Input Capacitance (f = 1 MHz, Vin = 2.4 V)
—
2
5
pF
Cio
I/O Capacitance (PIO, AD[7:0] pins)
—
5
10
pF
Cout
Output Capacitance
—
2
5
pF
Cld
Capacitive Loading (Test Condition)
—
70
85
pF
Iosc
Short Circuit Output Current
37
50
160
mA
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.3 Electrical Characteristics
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 5-4. Line Interface Unit (RLIU, TLIU) Performance Characteristics
Parameter
Minimum
Typical
Maximum
Units
T1 Receiver Sensitivity (Attenuation @ 772 kHz)(1)
+3
—
–36
dB
E1 Receiver Sensitivity (Attenuation @ 1024 kHz)(1)
+3
—
–43
dB
T1/E1 Short-Haul Receiver Sensitivity (2)
+3
—
–20
dB
Transmitter XTIP, XRING Outputs:
Output Impedance (XOE = 0, high impedance)
Output Impedance (XOE = 1, unterminated)
T1 Pulse Amplitude, 100 Ω UTP
E1 Pulse Amplitude, 75 Ω Coax
E1 Pulse Amplitude, 120 Ω UTP
Space/Mark Peak Voltage Ratio
10
—
2.4
2.14
2.7
–10
100
1
3.0
2.37
3.0
—
—
2
3.6
2.6
3.3
+10
kΩ
kΩ
V
V
V
%
Receiver RTIP, RRING Inputs:
Input Impedance (unterminated)
Peak-to-Peak Voltage (measured deferentially)
—
—
10
6
12
7.2
kΩ
V
Receiver Phase-Lock Loop (RPLL)
Tolerable consecutive 0s before frequency lost
T1 Frequency Lock Range
E1 Frequency Lock Range
23
–0.3
–0.4
75
1544
2048
100
+0.3
+0.4
bits
kHz
kHz
Transmitter Phase-Lock Loop (TPLL):
T1 Frequency Lock Range
E1 Frequency Lock Range
–0.7
–1.0
1544
2048
+0.7
+1.0
kHz
kHz
Longitudinal Balance, Impedance to GND:
T1 (50 kHz < f < 1544 kHz)
E1 (50 kHz < f < 2048 kHz)
35
35
42
40
—
—
dB
dB
Receiver Noise Immunity (SNR):
Near-End Crosstalk (215 PRBS)
60 Hz Longitudinal
—
—
15
18
18
20
dB
dB
Transmitter Signal Power Level (3 kHz band):
Power @ 772 kHz
Power @ 1544 kHz (versus Power @ 772 kHz)
12
–25
15
–36
+19
—
dBm
dB
NOTE(S):
(1) Bt8370/8375/8376 receiver sensitivity includes 3 dB margin for 6000 feet (22 AWG) or 3.0 km (0.6 mm) cable.
(2) Bt8375 and Bt8376 receiver sensitivity is limited to –20 dB in both T1 and E1 modes.
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-3
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.4 AC Characteristics
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
5.4 AC Characteristics
Table 5-5. Input Clock Timing
Symbol
Parameter
1
2
3
Minimum
Maximum
Units
MCLK Frequency
8.0
35.7
MHz
REFCKI Frequency
9.999
10.001
MHz
RCKI, TCKI, ACKI Frequency
1.5
2.1
MHz
RSBCKI, TSBCKI Frequency
1.5
8.2
MHz
CLADI Frequency
8
16,384
kHz
TCK Frequency
0
5.0
MHz
Clock Width High
RCKI, TCKI, ACKI, CLADI
MCLK, REFCKI, RSBCKI, TSBCKI
0.2 x t(1)
0.4 x t(1)
0.8 x t(1)
0.6 x t(1)
ns
ns
Clock Width Low
RCKI, TCKI, ACKI, CLADI
MCLK, REFCKI, RSBCKI, TSBCKI
0.2 x t(1)
0.4 x t(1)
0.8 x t(1)
0.6 x t(1)
ns
ns
4
Clock Rise Time
—
20
ns
5
Clock Fall Time
—
20
ns
Figure 5-1. Minimum Clock Pulse Widths
1
2
3
90%
50%
10%
4
5-4
5
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.4 AC Characteristics
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 5-6. Input Data Setup and Hold Timing
Symbol
Clock
Edge
Input Data
Minimum
Maximum
Units
Figure
1
MCLK
Rising
ONESEC
5
—
ns
5-2
RST*
5
—
ns
5-2
RPOSI
5
—
ns
5-2
RNEGI
5
—
ns
5-2
RCKI
TDLCKO
Falling
TDLI
5
—
ns
5-2
RSBCKI
RSYN_NEG
(addr 0D1)
RMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-2, 5-5
RFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TPCM_NEG
(addr 0D4)
TPCMI
5
—
ns
5-2
TSIGI
5
—
ns
5-2
TSYN_NEG
(addr 0D4)
TFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-2, 5-5
ONESEC
5
—
ns
5-2
RST*
5
—
ns
5-2
RPOSI
5
—
ns
5-2
RNEGI
5
—
ns
5-2
TPOSI
5
—
ns
5-2
TNEGI
5
—
ns
5-2
TSBCKI
2
MCLK
RCKI
TCKI
Falling
TDLI
5
—
ns
5-2
RSBCKI
RSYN_NEG
(addr 0D1)
RMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-2, 5-5
RFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TPCM_NEG
(addr 0D4)
TPCMI
5
—
ns
5-2
TSIGI
5
—
ns
5-2
TSYN_NEG
(addr 0D4)
TFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-2, 5-5
RMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
RFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
RMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
RFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TMSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
TFSYNC
5
—
ns
5-5
RSBCKI
RSBCKI
TSBCKI
N8370DSE
Falling
Falling
TSBCKI
4
Rising
TDLCKO
TSBCKI
3
Falling
RSYN_NEG
TSYN_NG
RSYN_NEG
TSYN_NEG
Conexant
5-5
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.4 AC Characteristics
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table 5-7. Output Data Delay Timing
Symbol
Clock
Edge
Output
Data
Minimum
Maximum
Units
Figure
1
MCLK
Rising
ONESEC
0
10
ns
5-3
INTR
0
10
ns
5-3
RCKI
—
RCKO
0
20
ns
5-3
RCKO
Rising
RPOSO
0
20
ns
5-3
RNEGO
0
20
ns
5-3
Falling
RDLO
0
20
ns
5-3
—
RDLCKO
0
20
ns
5-3
—
TCKO
0
20
ns
5-3
—
TDLCKO
0
20
ns
5-3
Rising
TNRZO
0
20
ns
5-3
MSYNCO
0
20
ns
5-3
TPOSO
0
20
ns
5-3
TNEGO
0
20
ns
5-3
TCKI or
ACKI
TCKO
Rising
RDLCKO
Rising
RDLO
–5
15
ns
5-3
RSBCKI
RPCM_NEG
(addr 0D1)
RPCMO
0
30
ns
5-3
RSIGO
0
30
ns
5-3
RINDO
0
30
ns
5-3
SIGFRZ
0
20
ns
5-3
RFSYNC
0
20
ns
5-3
RMSYNC
0
20
ns
5-3
TPCM_NEG
(addr 0D4)
TINDO
0
20
ns
5-3
TSYN_NEG
(addr 0D4)
TFSYNC
0
20
ns
5-3
TMSYNC
0
20
ns
5-3
RSYN_NEG
(addr 0D1)
TSBCKI
Table 5-8. 1-Second Input/Output Timing
Symbol
5-6
Parameter
1
Input Pulse Width
2
Output Pulse Width
Conexant
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1/MCLK
1 sec–125 µs
As shown
125
250
µs
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.4 AC Characteristics
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-2. Input Data Setup/Hold Timing
Clock
1
2
Rising Edge
Input Data
1
2
Falling Edge
Input Data
Figure 5-3. Output Data Delay Timing
Clock
1
1
Rising Edge
Output Data
Falling Edge
Output Data
Figure 5-4. 1-Second Input/Output Timing
1
ONESECI
2
ONESECO
NOTE(S): ONESEC pin can be either an input (ONESECI) or an output (ONESECO).
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-7
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.4 AC Characteristics
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-5. SBI Timing: Setup and Hold Time for RFSYNC/RMSYNC and TFSYNC/TMSYNC Input Signals
RSBCKI / TSBCKI
RMSYNC/TMSYNC
RFSYNC / TFSYNC
(RSYN_NEG = 1)
(TSYN_NEG = 1)
5-8
1
4
3
3
1
2
2
8370_006
RMSYNC/TMSYNC
RFSYNC / TFSYNC
(RSYN_NEG = 1)
(TSYN_NEG = 1)
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Figure 5-6. Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle
1
AS*
2
A[8:0]
Address
3
CS*
R/W*
DS*
4
5
Read Data
AD[7:0]
Table 5-9. Motorola Asynchronous Read Cycle
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
AS* high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low
5
—
ns
3
A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low
10
—
ns
4
CS* low and R/W* high, and DS* low to AD[7:0] valid
—
80
ns
5
CS* high and DS* high, and R/W* low to AD[7:0]
invalid/three-state
5
20
ns
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-9
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-7. Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle
MOTO* = 0, SYNCMD = 0, CLKMD = 0
1
AS*
2
A[8:0]
9
Address
3
~
~
CS*
8
4
R/W*
7
DS*
5
AD[7:0]
Write Data
6
Table 5-10. Motorola Asynchronous Write Cycle
Symbol
5-10
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
AS* high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low
5
—
ns
3
A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low
2
—
ns
4
CS* low and R/W* low to DS* low
5
—
ns
5
AD[7:0] setup to DS* low
0
—
ns
6
AD[7:0] hold after DS* low
15
—
ns
7
DS* low pulse width
38
—
ns
8
CS*, R/W* hold after DS* low
38
—
ns
9
DS* low to AS* high
70
—
ns
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-8. Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle
MOTO* = 1, SYNCMD = 0, CLKMD = 0
1
ALE
2
A[8]
9
Address
3
AD[7:0]
Address
Read Data
4
7
6
RD*
WR*
5
8
CS*
Table 5-11. Intel Asynchronous Read Cycle
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
ALE high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low
5
—
ns
3
A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low
10
—
ns
4
ALE low to RD* and CS* both low
0
—
ns
5
WR* high setup to RD* and CS* both low
0
—
ns
6
RD* and CS* both low to AD[7:0] valid
—
80
ns
7
RD* or CS* high to AD[7:0] invalid/three-state
0
15
ns
8
WR* high hold after RD* or CS* high
0
—
ns
9
RD* or CS* high to next ALE
0
—
ns
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-11
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-9. Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle
1
9
ALE
2
A[8]
Address
6
3
AD[7:0]
Address
Write Data
7
WR*
5
RD*
4
8
CS*
Table 5-12. Intel Asynchronous Write Cycle
Symbol
5-12
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
ALE high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low
5
—
ns
3
A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low
10
—
ns
4
CS*, RD* setup to WR* low
0
—
ns
5
WR* pulse width low
38
—
ns
6
AD[7:0] input data setup to WR* or CS* high
0
—
ns
7
AD[7:0] input data hold after WR* or CS* high
15
—
ns
8
RD* hold after WR* or CS* high
0
—
ns
9
End write cycle to next ALE high
55
—
ns
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-10. Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle
MCLK
1
AS*
9
2
A[8:0]
Address
3
CS*
5
4
DTACK*
6
R/W*
DS*
7
8
AD[7:0]
Read Data
Table 5-13. Motorola Synchronous Read Cycle
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
AS* high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low
5
—
ns
3
A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low
10
—
ns
4
AS* and CS* low to DTACK* low
0
15
ns
5
AS* or CS* high to DTACK* high
0
10
ns
6
AS*, DS*, CS*, R/W* setup to MCLK high
15
—
ns
7
DS* sampled low to AD[7:0] valid
—
0.5/MCLK +20
ns
8
CS* or DS* high to AD[7:0] invalid/three-state
0
25
ns
9
MCLK high to AS* high
1/MCLK + 12
—
ns
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-13
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-11. Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle
MCLK
1
11
AS*
2
A[8:0]
12
Address
3
DTACK*
4
5
CS*
6
R/W*
9
10
DS*
7
AD[7:0]
Write Data
8
Table 5-14. Motorola Synchronous Write Cycle
Symbol
5-14
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
AS* high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8:0] Address setup to AS* low
5
—
ns
3
A[8:0] Address hold after AS* low
10
—
ns
4
AS* and CS* low to DTACK* low
0
15
ns
5
AS* or CS* high to DTACK* high
0
10
ns
6
CS* and R/W* low to DS* low
10
—
ns
7
AD[7:0] setup to DS* low
0
—
ns
8
AD[7:0] hold after DS* low
15
—
ns
9
DS* setup to MCLK high
5
—
ns
10
DS* hold after MCLK high
10
—
ns
11
DS* sampled low to data latch (internal)
—
1 / MCLK + 15
ns
12
DS* sampled low to AS* high
1/2 MCLK + 15
—
ns
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-12. Intel Synchronous Read Cycle
MCLK
1
ALE
2
A[8]
9
Address
7
3
AD[7:0]
Address
Read Data
4
5
8
6
RD*
WR*
CS*
Table 5-15. Intel Synchronous Read Cycle
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
ALE high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low
5
—
ns
3
A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low
10
—
ns
4
ALE low to RD* and CS* both low
5
—
ns
5
RD*, CS*, WR* setup to MCLK high (Start RD cycle)
5
—
ns
6
RD*, CS*, WR* hold after MCLK high
10
—
ns
7
Start RD* cycle to AD[7:0] valid
—
(1)
ns
8
RD* or CS* high to AD[7:0] invalid/three-state
0
25
ns
9
End RD cycle to next ALE high
0
—
ns
NOTE(S):
(1) Parameter 7 equals 40 ns or 1/2 MCLK + 17 ns, whichever is greater.
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-15
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.5 MPU Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-13. Intel Synchronous Write Cycle
MCLK
1
8
ALE
2
A[8]
Address
6
3
AD[7:0]
Address
Write Data
7
WR*
RD*
4
5
CS*
Table 5-16. Intel Synchronous Write Timing
Symbol
5-16
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
ALE high pulse width
15
—
ns
2
A[8], AD[7:0] Address setup to ALE low
5
—
ns
3
A[8], AD[7:0] Address hold after ALE low
10
—
ns
4
WR*,RD*,CS* setup to MCLK high (start WR cycle)
5
—
ns
5
WR*,RD*,CS* hold after MCLK high
10
—
ns
6
Start WR* cycle to AD[7:0] input data valid
—
1/MCLK–10
ns
7
AD[7:0] input data hold after Start WR cycle
1 / MCLK + 9
—
ns
8
Start WR cycle to next ALE high
1 / MCLK + 10
—
ns
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing
Figure 5-14. SBI Timing - 1536K Mode
Transmit
Receive
TSBCKI
RSBCKI
(4)
TSYNCO(1) RSYNCO(1)
X2CLK = 0
Offset = 008 (TS1, Bit1)(3)
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
Offset = 018
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
TSYNCI(1)
RSYNCI(1)
(3)
SBI Signal Group
Offset = 0C7(3)
TPCMI
RPCMO
TS24 (4)
TS1
TS2
TS3
5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
TSIGI(5)
RSIGO(6)
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
TINDO(2)
RINDO(2)
TSIG24
TSIG1
TSIG2
SIGFRZ
TSBCKI
RSBCKI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
(7)
X2CLK = 1
(4)
Offset = 008(3)
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
Offset = 018
TSYNCI
(3)
RSYNCI
NOTE(S):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
TSYNC/RSYNC represents frame (TFSYNC/RFSYNC) and multiframe (TMSYNC/RMSYNC) offset.
RINDO/TINDO programmed high or low on a per-time slot basis (SBCn; addr 0E0-0FF).
Multiple offset values shown for illustration, refer to OFFSET controls (addr 0D2-0D3, 0D5-0D6).
Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations.
Transmit ABCD signalling on TSIGI is sampled only during low nibble.
Received ABCD signalling on RSIGO is repeated in both high and low nibbles.
X2CLK control bit located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0).
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-17
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-15. SBI Timing—1544K Mode
Transmit
Receive
TSBCKI
RSBCKI
TSYNCO(1)
RSYNCO(1)
(4)
X2CLK = 0
Offset = 000 (F-bit)(3)
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
Offset = 00F
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
(3)
Offset = 0C7(3)
SBI Signal Group
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TPCMI
RPCMO
TSIGI(5)
RSIGO(6)
TINDO(2)
RINDO(2)
TS24 (4)
TS1
TS2
TS3
5 6 7 8 F 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
TSIG24
TSIG1
TSIG2
A B C D F A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
SIGFRZ
TSBCKI
RSBCKI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
(7)
X2CLK = 1
(4)
Offset = 000(3)
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
Offset = 00F
TSYNCI
(3)
RSYNCI
NOTE(S):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
5-18
TSYNC/RSYNC represents frame (TFSYNC/RFSYNC) and multiframe (TMSYNC/RMSYNC) offset.
RINDO/TINDO programmed high or low on a per-time slot basis (SBCn; addr 0E0-0FF).
Multiple offset values shown for illustration, refer to OFFSET controls (addr 0D2-0D3, 0D5-0D6).
Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations.
Transmit ABCD signalling on TSIGI is sampled only during low nibble.
Received ABCD signalling on RSIGO is repeated in both high and low nibbles.
X2CLK control bit located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0).
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-16. SBI Timing—2048K Mode
Transmit
Receive
TSBCKI
RSBCKI
TSYNCO(1) RSYNCO(1)
X2CLK = 0
Offset = 000 (TS0, Bit1)(3)
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
TSYNCI(1)
RSYNCI(1)
Offset = 00B
Offset = 0FF(3)
SBI Signal Group
TS31
TPCMI
RPCMO
TSIGI(5)
RSIGO(6)
TINDO(2)
RINDO(2)
TS0
TS1
TS2
5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
TSIG31
TSIG0
TSIG1
A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D A B C D
X2CLK = 1
SIGFRZ
TSBCKI
RSBCKI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
Offset = 000(3)
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
TSYNCO
RSYNCO
TSYNCI
RSYNCI
Offset = 00B
NOTE(S):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
TSYNC/RSYNC represents frame (TFSYNC/RFSYNC) and multiframe (TMSYNC/RMSYNC) offset.
RINDO/TINDO programmed high or low on a per-time slot basis (SBCn; addr 0E0-0FF).
Multiple offset values shown for illustration, refer to OFFSET controls (addr 0D2-0D3, 0D5-0D6).
Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations.
Transmit ABCD signalling on TSIGI is sampled only during low nibble.
Received ABCD signalling on RSIGO is repeated in both high and low nibbles.
X2CLK control bit located in SBI_CR (addr 0D0).
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-19
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-17. SBI Timing—4096K Mode
SBCKI
SYNCO
X2CLK = 0
Offset = 000
SYNCI
SYNCO
Offset = 008
SYNCI
SYNCO
Offset = 1FF
SYNCI
NON-BUSSED
BUSSED
TS0A
TS1A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
GroupA
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TS31B
TS0B
GroupB 4 5 6 7 8
TS31A
TS1B
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TS0A
TS0A
1 2 3 4
TS1A
TS1A
GroupA 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
TS31B
TS0B
TS0B
TS1B
TS1B
GroupB 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
SBCKI
X2CLK = 1
SYNCO
Offset = 000
SYNCI
SYNCO
Offset = 008
SYNCI
NOTE(S):
1. Rising edge outputs and falling edge inputs shown. Refer to Figure 5-19 for other edge combinations.
2. BUSSED or NON-BUSSED signal group controls located in BUS_RSB, BUS_FRZ (addr 0D1) and BUS_TSB (addr 0D4).
5-20
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-18. SBI Timing—8192K Mode
SBCKI
SYNCO
X2CLK = 0
Offset = 000
SYNCI
SYNCO
Offset = 010
SYNCI
SYNCO
Offset = 3FF
SYNCI
TS0A
GroupA
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
BUSSED
TS0B
GroupB
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TS0C
GroupC
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
TS31D
TS0D
GroupD 4 5 6 7 8
NON-BUSSED
TS31A
1 2 3 4
TS0A
TS0A
TS0A
TS0A
GroupA 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
TS31B
TS0B
TS0B
TS0B
TS0B
GroupB 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
TS31C
TS0C
TS0C
TS0C
TS0C
GroupC 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
TS31D
TS0D
TS0D
TS0D
TS0D
GroupD 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4
SBCKI
X2CLK = 1
SYNCO
Offset = 000
SYNCI
SYNCO
Offset = 010
SYNCI
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-21
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.6 System Bus Interface (SBI) Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Figure 5-19. SBI Timing—Eight Clock Edge Combinations (Applicable to Any SBI Mode)
SBCKI
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
0
0
0
SYNC
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
0
0
1
SYNC
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
0
1
0
SYNC
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
0
1
1
SYNC
SBCKI
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
1
0
0
SYNC
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
1
0
1
SYNC
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
1
1
0
SYNC
PCM
X2CLK PCM_NEG SYN_NEG
1
1
1
SYNC
LEGEND:
Rising Edge Sample
Rising Edge Output
Falling Edge Sample
Falling Edge Output
NOTE(S): PCM output/sample points are shown only for the corresponding SYNC output/sample point.
5-22
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.7 JTAG Interface Timing
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
5.7 JTAG Interface Timing
Table 5-17. Test and Diagnostic Interface Timing Requirements
Symbol
Parameter
Minimum
Maximum
Units
1
TCK pulse width high
80
—
ns
2
TCK pulse width low
80
—
ns
3
TMS, TDI setup to TCK rising edge
20
—
ns
4
TMS, TDI hold after TCK high
20
—
ns
Minimum
Maximum
Units
Table 5-18. Test and Diagnostic Interface Switching Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
5
TDO hold after TCK falling edge
0
—
ns
6
TDO delay after TCK low
—
50
ns
7
TDO enable (Low Z) after TCK falling edge
2
—
ns
8
TDO disable (High Z) after TCK low
—
25
ns
Figure 5-20. JTAG Interface Timing
TDO
7
5
1
8
6
TCK
3
4
2
TDI
TMS
N8370DSE
Conexant
5-23
Bt8370/8375/8376
5.0 Electrical/Mechanical Specifications
5.8 Mechanical Specifications
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
5.8 Mechanical Specifications
Figure 5-21. 80-Pin Metric Quad Flat Pack (MQFP)
S
Y
M
B
O
L
ALL DIMENSIONS IN
MILLIMETERS
MIN.
NOM.
MAX.
A
2.20
2.25---
2.30
A1
----
0.25
----
A2
1.95
2.0
2.05
D
17.05
17.20
17.35
D1
13.95
14.00
14.05
D3
12.35
ZD
----
0.825
----
E
17.05
17.20
17.35
E1
13.95
14.00
14.05
E3
12.35
ZE
----
0.825
----
L
.70
.80
.90
e
b
5-24
Conexant
.65
----
.33
----
N8370DSE
A
Appendix A
A.1 Superframe Format (SF)
The Superframe Format (SF), is also referred to as the D4 format. The
requirement for associated signaling in frames 6 and 12 dictates that the frames
be distinguishable. This leads to a multiframe structure consisting of 12 frames
per superframe (SF). See Figure A-1 and Table A-1 and A-2.
The SF structure consists of a multiframe of 12 frames. Each frame has 24
channels, plus an F-bit, and 8 bits per channel. A channel is equivalent to one
voice circuit or one 64 kbps data circuit.
This structure of frames and multiframes is defined by the F-bit pattern. The
F-bit is designated alternately as an Ft bit (terminal framing bit) or an Fs bit
(signalling framing bit). The Ft bit carries a pattern of alternating 0s and 1s
(101010) in odd frames that defines the frame boundaries so that one channel can
be distinguished from another. The Fs bit carries a pattern of (001110) in even
frames, and defines the multiframe boundaries so that one frame can be
distinguished from another.
Figure A-1. T1 Superframe PCM Format
Signalling Information
B
8 Bits per Channel
1
Ft
or
Fs
CH
1
FR
1
N8370DSE
2
CH
2
FR
2
3
A
4
5
6
7
8
CH
13
FR
7
Conexant
FR
11
Bit 8
During:
Frame 12
Frame 6
CH
24
24 Channels per Frame
Frame = 193 Bits
FR
12
Multiframe
SF = 12 Frames
A-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.1 Superframe Format (SF)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table A-1. Superframe Format
F-Bits
Frame #
A-2
Bit #
Bit Use in Each Time Slot
Terminal
Framing Ft
Signaling
Framing Fs
Traffic
Signal
Signaling
Channel
1
0
1
—
1–8
—
—
2
193
—
0
1–8
—
—
3
386
0
—
1–8
—
—
4
579
—
0
1–8
—
—
5
772
1
—
1–8
—
—
6
965
—
1
1–7
8
A
7
1158
0
—
1–8
—
—
8
1351
—
1
1–8
—
—
9
1544
1
—
1–8
—
—
10
1737
—
1
1–8
—
—
11
1930
0
—
1–8
—
—
12
2123
—
0
1–7
8
B
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.2 T1DM Format
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
A.2 T1DM Format
Table A-2. T1DM Frame Format
Bit Use in Each Time
Slot
F-Bits
Frame #
Bit #
Terminal
Framing Ft
Signaling
Framing Fs
Sync Byte
Info
Ctrl
1
0
1
—
—
1–7
8
1
185–192
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
2
193
—
0
—
1–7
8
2
378–385
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
3
386
0
—
—
1–7
8
3
571–578
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
4
579
—
0
—
1–7
8
4
764–771
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
5
772
1
—
—
1–7
8
5
957–964
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
6
965
—
1
—
1–7
8
6
1150–1157
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
7
1158
0
—
—
1–7
8
7
1343–1350
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
8
1351
—
1
—
1–7
8
8
1536–1543
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
9
1544
1
—
—
1–7
8
9
1729–1736
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
10
1737
—
1
—
1–7
8
10
1922–1929
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
11
1930
0
—
—
1–7
8
11
2115–2122
—
—
10111YR0
—
—
12
2123
—
0
—
1–7
8
Note:
1. Y-bit is used to indicate a Yellow Alarm (active-low).
2. R-bit is used solely by AT&T as an 8 kbps communications channel to collect performance data on long haul DDS facilities.
N8370DSE
Conexant
A-3
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.3 SLC 96 Format (SLC)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
A.3 SLC 96 Format (SLC)
SLC framing mode allows synchronization to the SLC 96 data link pattern. This
pattern, which is described in the Bellcore TR-TSY-000008, contains both
signaling information and a framing pattern that overwrites the Fs bit of the SF
framer pattern (Table A-1). See Table A-3 for SLC-96 Fs bit contents.
Table A-3. SLC-96 Fs Bit Contents
Frame #
Fs Bit
Frame #
Fs Bit
Frame #
Fs Bit
2
0
26
C2
50
0
4
0
28
C3
52
M1
6
1
30
C4
54
M2
8
1
32
C5
56
M3
10
1
34
C6
58
A1
12
0
36
C7
60
A2
14
0
38
C8
62
S1
16
0
40
C9
64
S2
18
1
42
C10
66
S3
20
1
44
C11
68
S4
22
1
46
0
70
1
24
C1
48
1
72
0
Note:
1. The SLC-96 frame format is similar to that of SF as shown in Table A-1 with the
exceptions shown in this table.
2. C1 to C11 are concentrator field bits.
3. M1 to M3 are maintenance field bits.
4. A1 and A2 are alarm field bits.
5. S1 to S4 are line switch field bits.
6. The Fs bits in frames 46, 48, and 70 are spoiler bits which are used to protect against
false multiframing.
A-4
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF)
In Extended Superframe Format (ESF) Figure A-2, and Table A-4, the
multiframe structure is extended to 24 frames. The channel structure is identical
to D4 (SF) format. Robbed-bit signaling is accommodated in frame 6 (A-bit),
frame 12 (B-bit), frame 18 (C-bit), and frame 24 (D-bit).
The F-bit pattern of ESF contains three functions:
1. Framing Pattern Sequence (FPS), which defines the frame and multiframe
boundaries.
2. Facility Data Link (FDL), which allows data such as error performance to
be passed within the T1 link.
3. Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC), which allows error performance to be
monitored and enhances the reliability of the receiver's framing algorithm.
Figure A-2. T1 Extended Superframe PCM Format
Signalling Information
D
C
B
8 Bits per Channel
1
CRC
FDL
FPS
CH
or
1
Fs
FR
1
N8370DSE
2
CH
2
FR
2
3
A
4
5
6
7
8
CH
13
FR
13
Conexant
FR
23
Bit 8
During:
Frame 24
Frame 18
Frame 12
Frame 6
CH
24
24 Channels per Frame
Frame = 193 Bits
FR
24
Multiframe
ESF = 24 Frames
A-5
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table A-4. Extended Superframe Format
Bit Use in Each
Time Slot
F-Bits
Frame #
Bit #
Signaling Channel
FPS
DL
CRC
Traffic
Signal
16
4
2
1
0
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
2
193
—
—
C1
1–8
—
—
—
—
3
386
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
4
579
0
—
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
5
772
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
6
965
—
—
C2
1–7
8
A
A
A
7
1158
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
8
1351
0
—
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
9
1544
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
10
1737
—
—
C3
1–8
—
—
—
—
11
1930
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
12
2123
1
—
—
1–7
8
B
B
A
13
2316
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
14
2509
—
—
C4
1–8
—
—
—
—
15
2702
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
16
2895
0
—
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
17
3088
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
18
3281
—
—
C5
1–7
8
C
A
A
19
3474
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
20
3667
1
—
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
21
3860
—
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
22
4053
—
—
C6
1–8
—
—
—
—
23
4246
m
—
1–8
—
—
—
—
24
4439
—
—
1–7
8
D
B
A
1
Note:
1. FPS indicates the Framing Pattern Sequence (...001011...).
2. DL indicates the 4 kbps Data Link with message bits m.
3. CRC indicates the cyclic redundancy check with bits C1 to C6.
4. Signaling options include 16-state, 4-state, and 2-state.
A-6
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.4 Extended Superframe Format (ESF)
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table A-5 provides the performance report message structure.
Table A-5. Performance Report Message Structure
Octet No.
LSB
MSB
1
FLAG
2
SAPI
3
C/R
TEI
4
EA
EA
CONTROL
5
G3
LV
G4
U1
U2
G5
SL
G6
6
FE
SE
LB
G1
R
G2
Nm
NI
7
G3
LV
G4
U1
U2
G5
SL
G6
8
FE
SE
LB
G1
R
G2
Nm
NI
9
G3
LV
G4
U1
U2
G5
SL
G6
10
FE
SE
LB
G1
R
G2
Nm
NI
11
G3
LV
G4
U1
U2
G5
SL
G6
12
FE
SE
LB
G1
R
G2
Nm
NI
13
FCS (Most Significant Byte)
14
FCS (Least Significant Byte)
Note:
1. The 1-second report consists of octets 5–12.
2. R, U1, and U2 are reserved for future standardization and should be set to 0.
N8370DSE
Conexant
A-7
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.5 E1 Frame Format
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
A.5 E1 Frame Format
Figure A-3 illustrates E1 format.
Figure A-3. E1 Format
Time Slot 0
Time Slot 16
a. Even Frames (0, 2, 4–14)
I
0 0
1 1
0 1
Time Slots 1–15, 17–31
a. Frame 0
1
0
FAS
0 0
0 X Y X X
MAS
Channel Data
b. Odd Frames (1, 3, 5–15)
8 Bits/
Time Slot
I
1 A N N N N N
32 Time Slots/Frame
16 Frames/Multiframe
A-8
b. Frames 1–15
A B C D A B C D
1
2 3
4 5
6 7
8
TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS TS
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
FR
0
FR
1
FR
2
FR
3
FR
4
FR
5
FR
6
FR
7
Conexant
FR
8
FR
9
FR
10
FR
11
FR
12
FR
13
FR
14
FR
15
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.5 E1 Frame Format
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Tables A-6 and A-7 define the frame format time slot 0-bit allocations for ITU-T
CEPT and IRSM CEPT, respectively.
Table A-6. ITU–T CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations
SMF
I
II
Frame #
Time Slot 0 Bits 1 to 8 of Each Frame
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
C1/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
2
C2/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
3
0/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
4
C3/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
1/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
6
C4/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
7
0/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
8
C1/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
9
1/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
10
C2/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
11
1/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
12
C3/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
13
E/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
14
C4/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
15
E/Si
1
A
SA4
SA5
SA6
SA7
SA8
Note:
1. SMF indicates the sub-multiframe. This partitioning is used in the CRC-4 calculation.
2. Si bits are International Spare Bits.
3. A bit is used to indicate a remote alarm condition (active-high).
4. SA4 to SA8 are spare bits that may be recommended by ITU–T for use in specific point-to-point applications (e.g., transcoder
equipment conforming to Recommendation G.761).
5. SA4 to SA8 where these are not used should be set to 1 on links crossing an international border.
6. E bit is used to indicate a CRC-4 error. The normal state is both bits set to 1, when a CRC-4 error is detected one of the E bits
is set to 0.
7. C1 to C4 bits are used to carry the CRC-4 code.
8. Time slot 0 that contains the 0011011 sequence is defined as the FAS word and Time Slot 0 that does not contain the FAS is
the Not-Word.
N8370DSE
Conexant
A-9
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format
Table A-7. IRSM CEPT Frame Format Time Slot 0-Bit Allocations
SMF
I
II
Frame #
Time Slot 0 Bits 1 to 8 of Each Frame
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
C1/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0/Si
1
A
D
E0
E1
E16
E17
2
C2/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
3
0/Si
1
A
D
E2
E3
E18
E19
4
C3/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
5
1/Si
1
A
D
E4
E5
E20
E21
6
C4/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
7
0/Si
1
A
D
E6
E7
E22
E23
8
C1/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
9
1/Si
1
A
D
E8
E9
E24
E25
10
C2/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
11
1/Si
1
A
D
E10
E11
E26
E27
12
C3/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
13
E/Si
1
A
D
E12
E13
E28
E29
14
C4/Si
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
15
E/Si
1
A
D
E14
E15
E30
E31
Note:
1. SMF indicates the sub-multiframe. This partitioning is used in the CRC-4 calculation.
2. Si bits are International Spare Bits.
3. A bit is used to indicate a remote alarm condition (active-high).
4. Ei are per channel control bits.
5. E-bit is used to indicate a CRC-4 error. The normal state is both bits set to 1, when a CRC-4 error is detected, one of the E bits
is set to 0.
6. C1 to C4 bits are used to carry the CRC-4 code.
7. Time slot 0 that contains the 0011011 sequence is defined as the FAS word and time slot 0 that does not contain the FAS is
the Not-Word.
8. D-bits are a 4 kbps data link.
9. Bit 2 of the Not-Word is defined as the alternate framing bit.
A-10
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table A-8 defines the frame format time slot 16-bit allocations for ITU-T CEPT
and IRSM CEPT.
Table A-8. CEPT (ITU–T and IRSM) Frame Format Time Slot 16-Bit Allocations
SMF
I
II
Frame #
Time Slot 16 Bits 1 to 8 of Each Frame
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
0
0
0
0
X0
Y
X1
X2
1
A1
B1
C1
D1
A17
B17
C17
D17
2
A2
B2
C2
D2
A18
B18
C18
D18
3
A3
B3
C3
D3
A19
B19
C19
D19
4
A4
B4
C4
D4
A20
B20
C20
D20
5
A5
B5
C5
D5
A21
B21
C21
D21
6
A6
B6
C6
D6
A22
B22
C22
D22
7
A7
B7
C7
D7
A23
B23
C23
D23
8
A8
B8
C8
D8
A24
B24
C24
D24
9
A9
B9
C9
D9
A25
B25
C25
D25
10
A10
B10
C10
D10
A26
B26
C26
D26
11
A11
B11
C11
D11
A27
B27
C27
D27
12
A12
B12
C12
D12
A28
B28
C28
D28
13
A13
B13
C13
D13
A29
B29
C29
D29
14
A14
B14
C14
D14
A30
B30
C30
D30
15
A15
B15
C15
D15
A31
B31
C31
D31
Note:
1. SMF indicates the sub-multiframe.
2. Ai–Di are the per channel signaling bits.
3. X0–X2 are the X spare bits normally set to 1.
4. Y is the Remote Multiframe Yellow Alarm Indication bit. When Y is set to a 1, this indicates that the alarm is active.
5. The Multiframe Alignment Sequence (MAS) is defined as the time slot 16 word that contains the 0000XYXX sequence.
N8370DSE
Conexant
A-11
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix A
A.6 IRSM CEPT Frame Format
A-12
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Conexant
N8370DSE
B
Appendix B
B.1 Applicable Standards
Table B-1. Applicable Standards (1 of 3)
Standard
Title
ANSI
T1.101-1987
Digital Hierarchy—Timing Synchronization
T1.102-1993
Digital Hierarchy—Electrical Interfaces
T1.107-1991
(Newer Draft Standard
T1X1.4/93-002R3)
Digital Hierarchy—Formats Specification
T1.403-1995
Network to Customer Installation—DS1 Metallic Interface
T1.408-1990
ISDN Primary Rate—Customer Installation Metallic Interfaces
T1.231-1993
Layer 1 In-Service Digital Transmission Performance Monitoring
AT&T
TR 41449-1986
ISDN Primary Rate Interface Specification
TR 43801(A)-1985
Digital Channel Bank—Requirements and Objectives
TR 54016-1989
Rqts. for Interfacing DTE to Services Employing Extended Superframe Format
TR 62411-1990
Accunet T1.5 Service Description and Interface Specification
Bellcore
TR-TSY-000008 Issue 2, 1987
Digital Interface Between the SLC 96 Digital Loop Carrier System and a Local
Digital Switch
TR-TSY-000009 Issue 1, 1986
Asynchronous Digital Multiplexer Requirements and Objectives
TR-NPL-000054 Issue 1, 1989
High-Capacity Digital Service (HCDS) Interface Generic Requirements
TR-NWT-000057 Issue 2, 1993
Functional Criteria for Digital Loop Carrier Systems
TA-TSY-000147 Issue 1, 1987
DS1 Rate Digital Service Monitoring Unit
TR-TSY-000170 Issue 2, 1993
Digital Cross-Connect System (DCS) Requirements and Objectives
TR-TSY-000191 Issue 1, 1986
Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) Requirements and Objectives
N8370DSE
Conexant
B-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix B
B.1 Applicable Standards
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table B-1. Applicable Standards (2 of 3)
Standard
Title
TR-TSY-000194 Issue 1, 1987
The Extended Superframe Format Interface
TA-TSY-000278 Issue 1, 1985
Digital Data System (DDS)—T1 Digital Multiplexer (T1DM) Requirements
TR-TSY-000303 Issue 2, 1992
Integrated Digital Loop Carrier (IDLC) System Generic Requirements
TR-TSY-000312 Issue 1, 1988
Functional Criteria for the DS1 Interface Connector
TR-NPL-000320 Issue 1, 1988
Fundamental Generic Requirements for Metallic Digital Signal Cross-connect Systems
TA-TSY-000435 Issue 1, 1987
DS1 Automatic Facility Protection Switching (AFPS) Rqts. and Objectives
TR-NWT-000499 Issue 5, 1993
Transport Systems Generic Requirements
TR-TSY-000510 Issue 2, 1987
LSSGR: System Interfaces, Section 10
TR-NWT-000773 Issue 1, 1991
Local Access System Requirements, Objectives and Interfaces for SMDS
TR-TSY-000776 Issue 2, 1993
Network Interface Description for ISDN Customer Access
GR-820-CORE Issue 1, 1994
(replaced TR-NWT-000820)
Generic Digital Transmission Surveillance
TA-NWT-000821 Issue 1, 1991
(replaced TR-TSY-000821)
Additional Transport and Transport-Based Surveillance Generic Rqts.
SR-TSY-000977 Issue 1, 1988
ISDN Primary Rate Access Maintenance
TR-NWT-001219 Issue 1, 1992
(Rev 1, 1993)
ISDN Primary Rate Access Testing Requirements
SR-NWT-002343 Issue 1, 1993
ISDN Primary Rate Interface Guidelines for Customer Premises Equipment
ETSI
ETS 300 011 (4/92)
ISDN Primary Rate User-Network Interface Specification and Test Principles
ETS 300 233
Access Digital Section for ISDN Primary Rate
ITU-T
Recommendation G.703 (1991)
Physical/Electrical Characteristics of Hierarchical Digital Interfaces
Recommendation G.704 (1991)
Synchronous Frame Structures used at Primary Hierarchical Levels
Recommendation G.706 (1991)
Frame Alignment and CRC Procedures Relating to G.704 Frame Structures
Recommendation G.732
Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps
Recommendation G.733
Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 1544 kbps
Recommendation G.734
Characteristics of Synchronous Digital Multiplex Equipment at 1544 kbps
Recommendation G.735
Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps; offering
Synchronous Digital Access at 384 kbps and/or 64 kbps
Recommendation G.736
Characteristics of Synchronous Digital Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps
Recommendation G.737
Characteristics of External Access Equipment at 2048 kbps; offering Synchronous
Digital Access at 384 kbps and/or 64 kbps
Recommendation G.738
Characteristics of Primary PCM Multiplex Equipment at 2048 kbps; offering
Synchronous Digital Access at 320 kbps and/or 64 kbps
Recommendation G.739
Recommendation G.761
Characteristics of External Access Equipment at 2048 kbps; Offering Synchronous
Digital Access at 320 kbps and/or 64 kbps
B-2
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix B
B.1 Applicable Standards
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Table B-1. Applicable Standards (3 of 3)
Standard
Title
Draft Recommendation G.775
Loss of Signal (LOS) and Alarm Indication Signal (AIS) Defect Detection
Recommendation G.796
Characteristics of 64 kbps Cross-Connect Equipment with 2048 kbps Access Ports
Recommendation G.802 (1988)
Interworking between Networks based on Different Digital Hierarchies
Recommendation G.821
Error Performance Monitoring on International Connections
Recommendation G.823 (3/93)
Control of Jitter and Wander in Digital Networks based on 2048 kbps
Recommendation G.824 (3/93)
Control of Jitter and Wander in Digital Networks based on 1544 kbps
Recommendation G.921
Digital Sections based on 2048 kbps Hierarchy
Recommendation G.962 (3/93)
Access Digital Section for ISDN Primary Rate at 2048 kbps
Recommendation G.963 (3/93)
Access Digital Section for ISDN Primary Rate at 1544 kbps
Recommendation I.411
ISDN User-Network Interfaces—References Configurations
Recommendation I.412
ISDN User-Network Interfaces—Structures and Access Capabilities
Recommendation I.421
Primary Rate User-Network Interface
Recommendation I.431
Primary Rate User-Network Interface—Layer 1 Specification
Recommendation K.10
Unbalance about Earth of Telecommunication Installations
Recommendation K.20
Resistibility of Switching Equipment to Overvoltages and Overcurrents
Recommendation M.3604
Application of Maintenance Principles to ISDN Primary Rate Access
Recommendation O.150
Digital Test Patterns for Performance Measurements
Recommendation O.151
Error Performance Measuring Equipment Operating at Primary Rate and Above
Recommendation O.152
Error Performance Measuring Equipment for Bit Rates of 64 kbit/s and NX 64 kbit/s
Recommendation O.162 (10/92)
Equipment to Perform In-Service Monitoring on 2048 kbps Signals
Recommendation Q.921
ISDN User-Network Interface - Data Link Layer Specification
IEEE Std 1149.1a-1993
IEEE Standard Test Access Port and Boundary Scan Architecture (JTAG)
Natural Microsystems Corporation,
Release 1.0, March 1993
Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol (MVIP) Reference Manual
FCC Part 68.302 (d)
Environment Simulation metallic voltage surge
FCC Part 68.308
Signal Power Limitations
N8370DSE
Conexant
B-3
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix B
B.1 Applicable Standards
B-4
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Conexant
N8370DSE
C
Appendix C
C.1 System Bus Compatibility
C.1.1 AT&T Concentration Highway Interface (CHI)
DX = RPCMO
• output on rising or falling edge of clock
• output on every CLKXR or CLKXR/2
• Tri-stated during inactive time slots
DR = TPCMI
• sampled on rising or falling edge of clock
• sampled on every CLKXR or CLKXR/2 (see X2CLK mode)
FS = TFSYNC
• sampled on rising or falling edge of clock (FE select)
• rising edge determines frame start
• 8 kHz rate
TSC* = RINDO
• Optional CHI pin is driven low during active DX time slots
CLKXR = TSBCLKI = RSBCLKI
• N x 64 kHz rates, where N=4,8,16,32,48, or 64
N8370DSE
Conexant
C-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix C
C.1 System Bus Compatibility
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
C.1.2 CHI Programming Options
CMS = clock mode select
0 = line rate
1 = 2X line rate
XEN = transmitter enable
0 = disable (DX tri-stated)
1 = enable (DX driven during active time slots)
FE
= frame edge select
0 = falling edge
1 = rising edge
XCE = CLKXR output edge select for DX
0 = falling edge
1 = rising edge
RCE = CLKXR input edge select for DR
0 = falling edge
1 = rising edge
XBOFF = 3-bit transmit output bit offset
000-1111= CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) delay from FS to DX bit0
RBOFF = 3-bit receive input bit offset
000-111 = CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) delay from FS to DR bit0
XTS = 6-bit transmit output TS offset
00-3F = CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) TS delay from FS to DX bit0
RTS = 6-bit receive input TS offset
00-3F = CLKXR (or 2xCLKXR) TS delay from FS to DR bit0
Bt8370 only supports CHI and GCI buses if N = 24, 32 or 48, although either
bus is defined to operate at Nx64 from N = 4 to N = 48. Bt8370 does not support
AT&T's Dual CHI (separate A/B buses) or K2 buses, nor does it support INTEL's
SLD (ping/pong) 3-pin bus.
C-2
Conexant
N8370DSE
D
Appendix D
D.1 Notation and Acronyms
D.1.1 Arithmetic Notation
Time slot bit numbering associated with time slots in the primary rate channel are
numbered 1 to 8, where bit number 1 is transmitted first and is specified as the
MSB.
Configuration and Status Word Bit Numbering associated with configuration
or status words are numbered 7 to 0, where bit number 7 is specified as the MSB,
and bit number 0 is specified as the LSB.
N8370DSE
Conexant
D-1
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix D
D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
D-2
ADC
AFPS
AGC
AIS
ALBO
ALOS
AMI
ANSI
Analog to Digital Converter
Automatic Facility Protection Switching
Automatic Gain Control
Alarm Indication Signal
Automatic Line Build Out
Analog Loss of Signal
Alternate Mark Inversion
American National Standards Institute
B8ZS
BER
BERR
BFA
BOP
BPV
BSDL
Binary with 8 Zero Substitution
Bit Error Rate
Bit Error Counter
Basic Frame Alignment
Bit-Oriented Protocol
Bipolar Violation
Boundary Scan Description Language
CAS
ITU–T
CCS
CERR
CGA
CI
CLAD
CMOS
COFA
CRC
CSU
Channel Associated Signaling
International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee
Common Channel Signaling
CRC Errors
Carrier Group Alarm
Customer Installation
Clock Rate Adapter
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
Change of Frame Alignment
Cyclic Redundancy Check
Channel Service Unit
DAC
DCS
DDS
DMI
DPLL
DPM
DS1
DSU
Digital to Analog Converter
Digital Cross-Connect System
Digital Data System
Digital Multiplexed Interface
Digital Phase Locked Loop
Driver Performance Monitor
Digital Signal Level 1
Data Service Unit
ESF
EXZ
Extended Superframe
Excessive Zeros
FAS
FCC
FCS
FDL
FEBE
FERR
FPS
Frame Alignment Sequence (E1 Format)
Federal Communications Committee
Frame Check Sequence
Facility Data Link
Far End Block Error
Framing Bit Error
Frame Pattern Sequence (ESF Format)
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix D
D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
N8370DSE
HCDS
HDB3
High-Capacity Digital Service
High-Density Bipolar of Order 3
ICOT
IDLC
ISDN
Intercity and Outstate Trunk
Integrated Digital Loop Carrier
Integrated Service Digital Network
JAT
JCLK
JTAG
Jitter Attenuator
Jitter Attenuated Clock
Joint Test Action Group
LBO
LCV
LEC
LIU
LOAS
LOF
LOS
LSB
Line Build Out
Line Code Violation
Local Exchange Carrier
Line Interface Unit
Loss of Analog Signal
Loss of Frame
Loss of Signal –DS1
Least Significant Bit
MAIS
MART
MAS
MAT
MERR
MFAS
MOP
MOS
MPU
MQFP
MSB
MVIP
MYEL
Multiframe AIS
Maximum Average Reframe Time
Multiframe Alignment Sequence (CAS Format)
Metropolitan Area Trunk
MFAS Error
Multiframe Alignment Sequence (CRC4 format)
Message-Oriented Protocol
Message Oriented Signaling
Microprocessor Interface
Metric Quad Flat Pack
Most Significant Bit
Multi-Vendor Integration Protocol
Multiframe Yellow Alarm
NCO
NI
NRZ
Numerical Controlled Oscillator
Network Interface
Non-Return to Zero
OOF
Out of Frame
PDV
PIC
PLCC
PLL
PM
PQFP
PRBS
PRI
PRM
Pulse Density Violation
Polyethylene-insulated Cable
Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier
Phase Locked Loop
Performance Monitoring
Plastic Quad Flat Pack
Pseudo-Random Bit Sequence
Primary Rate Interface
Performance Report Message
RAI
RBOP
RBS
RCVR
Remote Alarm Indication
Bit-Oriented Protocol Detector
Robbed Bit Signaling
Receiver
Conexant
D-3
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix D
D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
D-4
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
RDL1
RDL2
RDL3
RFRAME
RJAT
RLIU
RMAIS
RPDV
RPLL
RSB
RSBI
RSIG
RSLIP
RXCLK
RZCS
Receive Data Link 1
Receive Data Link 2
External Receive Data Link
Receive Framer
Receive Jitter Attenuator
Receive Line Interface Unit
Receive Multiframe AIS
Receive Pulse Density Violation
Receive Phase Locked Loop
Receive System Bus
Receive System Bus Interface
Receive Signaling Buffer
Receive Slip Buffer
Receive Clock
AMI/HDB3/B8ZS Line Decoder
QRSS
Quasi-Random Signal Source
SEF
SERR
SF
SLC
Severely Errored Framing Event
CAS Error
Super Frame
Subscriber Loop Carrier
TAP
TBOP
TDL1
TDL2
TDL3
TDM
TSB
TSBI
TJAT
TLIU
TLOS
TSB
TSIC
TSIG
TSLIP
TZCS
Test Access Port
Bit Oriented Protocol Formatter
Transmit Data Link 1
Transmit Data Link 2
External Transmit Data Link
Time Division Multiplexed
Transmit System Bus
Transmit System Bus Interface
Transmit Jitter Attenuator
Transmit Line Interface Unit
Transmit Loss of Signal
Transmit System Bus
Time Slot Inter-Change
Transmit Signaling Buffer
Transmit Slip Buffer
AMI/HDB3/B8ZS Line Encoder
UI
UMC
UNICODE
UTP
Unit Interval
Unassigned Mux Code
Universal Trunk Out Of Service Code
Unshielded Twisted Pair
VCO
VCXO
VGA
Voltage Controlled Oscillator
Voltage Controlled Crystal Oscillator
Variable Gain Amplifier
XMTR
Digital Transmitter
YEL
Yellow Alarm
ZCS
Zero Code Suppression
Conexant
N8370DSE
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix D
D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
D.2.1 Revision History
Rev
A
Initial Release
B
Technical Corrections
C
Technical Corrections
D
Technical Corrections (added changes for Bt8375 and Bt8376)
N8370DSE
Conexant
D-5
Bt8370/8375/8376
Appendix D
D.2 Acronyms and Abbreviations
D-6
Fully Integrated T1/E1 Framer and Line Interface
Conexant
N8370DSE
0.0 Sales Offices
Further Information
[email protected]
1-800-854-8099 (North America)
33-14-906-3980 (International)
Web Site
www.conexant.com
World Headquarters
Conexant Systems, Inc.
4311 Jamboree Road
P. O. Box C
Newport Beach, CA
92658-8902
Phone: (949) 483-4600
Fax: (949) 483-6375
Hong Kong
Phone: (852) 2827 0181
Fax: (852) 2827 6488
India
Phone: (91 11) 692 4780
Fax: (91 11) 692 4712
Korea
Phone: (82 2) 565 2880
Fax: (82 2) 565 1440
Phone: (82 53) 745 2880
Fax: (82 53) 745 1440
Europe Headquarters
U.S. Los Angeles
Phone: (805) 376-0559
Fax: (805) 376-8180
Conexant Systems France
Les Taissounieres B1
1681 Route des Dolines
BP 283
06905 Sophia Antipolis Cedex
FRANCE
Phone: (33 4) 93 00 33 35
Fax: (33 4) 93 00 33 03
U.S. Mid-Atlantic
Phone: (215) 244-6784
Fax: (215) 244-9292
Europe Central
Phone: (49 89) 829 1320
Fax: (49 89) 834 2734
U.S. North Central
Phone: (630) 773-3454
Fax: (630) 773-3907
Europe Mediterranean
Phone: (39 02) 9317 9911
Fax: (39 02) 9317 9913
U.S. Northeast
Phone: (978) 692-7660
Fax: (978) 692-8185
Europe North
Phone: (44 1344) 486 444
Fax: (44 1344) 486 555
U.S. Florida/South America
Phone: (727) 799-8406
Fax: (727) 799-8306
U.S. Northwest/Pacific West
Phone: (408) 249-9696
Fax: (408) 249-7113
U.S. South Central
Phone: (972) 733-0723
Fax: (972) 407-0639
U.S. Southeast
Phone: (919) 858-9110
Fax: (919) 858-8669
U.S. Southwest
Phone: (949) 483-9119
Fax: (949) 483-9090
APAC Headquarters
Conexant Systems Singapore, Pte.
Ltd.
1 Kim Seng Promenade
Great World City
#09-01 East Tower
SINGAPORE 237994
Phone: (65) 737 7355
Fax: (65) 737 9077
Australia
Phone: (61 2) 9869 4088
Fax: (61 2) 9869 4077
China
Phone: (86 2) 6361 2515
Fax: (86 2) 6361 2516
Europe South
Phone: (33 1) 41 44 36 50
Fax: (33 1) 41 44 36 90
Middle East Headquarters
Conexant Systems
Commercial (Israel) Ltd.
P. O. Box 12660
Herzlia 46733, ISRAEL
Phone: (972 9) 952 4064
Fax: (972 9) 951 3924
Japan Headquarters
Conexant Systems Japan Co., Ltd.
Shimomoto Building
1-46-3 Hatsudai,
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo
151-0061 JAPAN
Phone: (81 3) 5371-1567
Fax: (81 3) 5371-1501
Taiwan Headquarters
Conexant Systems, Taiwan Co., Ltd.
Room 2808
International Trade Building
333 Keelung Road, Section 1
Taipei 110, TAIWAN, ROC
Phone: (886 2) 2720 0282
Fax: (886 2) 2757 6760