OPA211 OPA2211 OP A2 11 OP A2 11 OP A2 11 OPA 2211 OP A2 211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 1.1nV/√Hz Noise, Low Power, Precision Operational Amplifier in Small DFN-8 Package • LOW VOLTAGE NOISE: 1.1nV/√Hz at 1kHz • INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE: 80nVPP (0.1Hz to 10Hz) • THD+N: –136dB (G = 1, f = 1kHz) • OFFSET VOLTAGE: 125µV (max) • OFFSET VOLTAGE DRIFT: 0.35µV/°C (typ) • LOW SUPPLY CURRENT: 3.6mA/Ch (typ) • UNITY GAIN STABLE • GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT: 80MHz (G = 100) 45MHz (G = 1) • SLEW RATE: 27V/µs • 16-BIT SETTLING: 700ns • WIDE SUPPLY RANGE: ±2.25V to ±18V, +4.5V to +36V • RAIL-TO-RAIL OUTPUT • OUTPUT CURRENT: 30mA • DFN-8 (3×3mm), MSOP-8, AND SO-8 23 APPLICATIONS • • • • • • • • • • • • • PLL LOOP FILTER LOW-NOISE, LOW-POWER SIGNAL PROCESSING 16-BIT ADC DRIVERS DAC OUTPUT AMPLIFIER ACTIVE FILTERS LOW-NOISE INSTRUMENTATION AMPS ULTRASOUND AMPLIFIERS PROFESSIONAL AUDIO PREAMPLIFIERS LOW-NOISE FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZERS INFRARED DETECTOR AMPLIFIERS HYDROPHONE AMPLIFIERS GEOPHONE AMPLIFIERS MEDICAL DESCRIPTION The OPA211 series of precision operational amplifiers achieves very low 1.1nV/√Hz noise density with a supply current of only 3.6mA. This series also offers rail-to-rail output swing, which maximizes dynamic range. The extremely low voltage and low current noise, high speed, and wide output swing of the OPA211 series make these devices an excellent choice as a loop filter amplifier in PLL applications. In precision data acquisition applications, the OPA211 series of op amps provides 700ns settling time to 16-bit accuracy throughout 10V output swings. This ac performance, combined with only 125µV of offset and 0.35µV/°C of drift over temperature, makes the OPA211 ideal for driving high-precision 16-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) or buffering the output of high-resolution digital-to-analog converters (DACs). The OPA211 series is specified over a wide dual-power supply range of ±2.25V to ±18V, or single-supply operation from +4.5V to +36V. The OPA211 is available in the small DFN-8 (3×3mm), MSOP-8, and SO-8 packages. A dual version, the OPA2211, is available in the DFN-8 (3×3mm) or an SO-8 PowerPAD™ package. This series of op amps is specified from TA = –40°C to +125°C. INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY 100 Voltage Noise Density (nV/ÖHz) FEATURES 1 10 1 0.1 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k Frequency (Hz) 1 2 3 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). Supply Voltage VALUE UNIT 40 V VS = (V+) – (V–) Input Voltage (V–) – 0.5 to (V+) + 0.5 V ±10 mA Input Current (Any pin except power-supply pins) Output Short-Circuit (2) Continuous Operating Temperature (TA) –55 to +150 °C Storage Temperature (TA) –65 to +150 °C Junction Temperature (TJ) 200 °C Human Body Model (HBM) 3000 V Charged Device Model (CDM) 1000 V ESD Ratings (1) (2) Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those specified is not supported. Short-circuit to VS/2 (ground in symmetrical dual supply setups), one amplifier per package. PACKAGE/ORDERING INFORMATION (1) PRODUCT PACKAGE DESIGNATOR PACKAGE MARKING ü DRG OBDQ ü DGK OBCQ D A TI OPA 211 PACKAGE-LEAD SINGLE SHUTDOWN DFN-8 (3×3mm) (2) ü MSOP-8 (2) ü DUAL Standard Grade OPA211AI OPA211AI ü SO-8 DFN-8 (3×3mm) (3) OPA2211AI SO-8 PowerPAD ü (3) ü DRG OBHQ DDA A TI OPA 2211 High Grade (3) OPA211I OPA2211I (1) (2) (3) 2 DFN-8 (3×3mm) ü ü DRG OBDQ MSOP-8 ü ü DGK OBCQ SO-8 ü D TI OPA 211 DFN-8 (3×3mm) ü DRG OBHQ SO-8 PowerPAD ü DDA TI OPA 2211 For the most current package and ordering information see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI web site at www.ti.com. Available Q2, 2008. Available Q3, 2008. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 PIN CONFIGURATIONS OPA211 SO-8 NC (1) OPA211 MSOP-8(4) (1) 1 8 NC -IN 2 7 V+ +IN 3 6 OUT V- 4 5 NC NC (1) 1 8 Shutdown -IN 2 7 V+ +IN 3 6 OUT V- 4 5 NC (1) OPA211(4) DFN-8 (3×3mm) NC (1) 1 -IN 2 +IN 3 V- 4 Pad (1) OPA2211 DFN-8 (3×3mm)(5) 8 Shutdown (3) 8 V+ OUT A 1 7 V+ -IN A 2 6 OUT 5 NC (3) +IN A 3 (1) V- 4 (2) Pad 7 OUT B A B 6 -IN B 5 +IN B (2) OPA2211 SO-8 PowerPAD(5) OUT A 1 -IN A 2 +IN A 3 V- 4 Pad A B 8 V+ 7 OUT B 6 -IN B 5 +IN B (2) (1) NC denotes no internal connection. Pin can be left floating or connected to any voltage between (V–) and (V+). (2) Exposed thermal die pad on underside; connect thermal die pad to V–. (3) Shutdown function: • Device enabled: (V–) ≤ VSHUTDOWN ≤ (V+) – 3V • Device disabled: VSHUTDOWN ≥ (V+) – 0.35V (4) Available Q2, 2008. (5) Available Q3, 2008. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 Submit Documentation Feedback 3 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VS = ±2.25V to ±18V BOLDFACE limits apply over the specified temperature range, TA = –40°C to +125°C. At TA = +25°C and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. Standard Grade OPA211A, OPA2211A PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX ±30 ±125 UNIT OFFSET VOLTAGE Input Offset Voltage Drift VOS VS = ±15V dVOS/dT vs Power Supply PSRR VS = ±2.25V to ±18V 0.1 Over Temperature µV µV/°C 0.35 1 µV/V 3 µV/V INPUT BIAS CURRENT Input Bias Current IB VCM = 0V ±60 Over Temperature Offset Current IOS VCM = 0V ±25 Over Temperature ±175 nA ±200 nA ±100 nA ±150 nA NOISE Input Voltage Noise en Input Voltage Noise Density Input Current Noise Density in f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz 80 nVPP f = 10Hz 2 nV/√Hz f = 100Hz 1.4 nV/√Hz f = 1kHz 1.1 nV/√Hz f = 10Hz 3.2 pA/√Hz f = 1kHz 1.7 pA/√Hz INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE VS ≥ ±5V (V–) + 1.8 (V+) – 1.4 VS < ±5V (V–) + 2 (V+) – 1.4 VS ≥ ±5V, (V–) + 2V ≤ VCM ≤ (V+) – 2V 114 120 dB VS < ±5V, (V–) + 2V ≤ VCM ≤ (V+) – 2V 110 120 dB Differential 20k || 8 Ω || pF Common-Mode 109 || 2 Ω || pF Common-Mode Voltage Range Common-Mode Rejection Ratio VCM CMRR V V INPUT IMPEDANCE OPEN-LOOP GAIN Open-Loop Voltage Gain Over Temperature AOL (V–) + 0.2V ≤ VO ≤ (V+) – 0.2V, RL = 10kΩ 114 130 dB AOL (V–) + 0.6V ≤ VO ≤ (V+) – 0.6V, RL = 600Ω 110 114 dB AOL (V–) + 0.6V ≤ VO ≤ (V+) – 0.6V, IO ≤ 15mA 110 dB AOL (V–) + 0.6V ≤ VO ≤ (V+)–0.6V 15mA ≤ IO ≤ 30mA 103 dB FREQUENCY RESPONSE Gain-Bandwidth Product G = 100 80 MHz G=1 45 MHz 27 V/µs VS = ±15V, G = –1, 10V Step, CL = 100pF 400 ns 0.0015% (16-bit) VS = ±15V, G = –1, 10V Step, CL = 100pF 700 ns Overload Recovery Time G = –10 500 ns G = +1, f = 1kHz, VO = 3VRMS, RL = 600Ω 0.000015 % –136 dB Slew Rate SR Settling Time, 0.01% Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise 4 GBW Submit Documentation Feedback tS THD+N Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VS = ±2.25V to ±18V (continued) BOLDFACE limits apply over the specified temperature range, TA = –40°C to +125°C. At TA = +25°C and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. Standard Grade OPA211A, OPA2211A PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN RL = 10kΩ, AOL ≥ 114dB RL = 600Ω, AOL ≥ 110dB IO < 25mA, AOL ≥ 110dB TYP MAX UNIT (V–) + 0.2 (V+) – 0.2 V (V–) + 0.6 (V+) – 0.6 V (V–) + 0.6 (V+) – 0.6 OUTPUT Voltage Output Short-Circuit Current Capacitive Load Drive Open-Loop Output Impedance VOUT ISC CLOAD ZO V +30/–45 mA See Typical Characteristics pF 5 Ω 1MHz SHUTDOWN Shutdown Pin Input Voltage Device shutdown (V+) – 0.35 V Device enabled (V+) – 3 V POWER SUPPLY Specified Voltage VS Quiescent Current (per channel) IQ ±2.25 IOUT = 0A 3.6 Over Temperature ±18 V 4.5 mA 6 mA TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Range TA –40 +125 °C Operating Range TA –55 +150 °C Thermal Resistance DFN (3mm × 3mm) Soldered to approximately 5cm × 5cm copper area θ JA 65 °C/W θ JC 57 °C/W MSOP-8 θ JA 200 °C/W SO-8 θ JA 150 °C/W 52 °C/W 43 °C/W SO-8 PowerPAD Test board 1in × 0.5in heat-spreader, 1oz copper θ JA θ JC Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 Submit Documentation Feedback 5 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS At TA = +25°C, VS = ±18V, and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY INPUT CURRENT NOISE DENSITY vs FREQUENCY 100 Current Noise Density (pA/ÖHz) Voltage Noise Density (nV/ÖHz) 100 10 10 1 1 0.1 1 10 100 1k 10k 1 0.1 100k 10 Frequency (Hz) Figure 1. G=1 VOUT = 3VRMS 0.00001 -140 10k 20k 1 Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (%) Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (%) G = 11 VOUT = 3VRMS 1k 100k 0.1 -40 VS = ±15V RL = 600W 1kHz Signal -60 0.01 -80 G = 11 G=1 0.001 -100 0.0001 -120 0.00001 0.01 Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (dB) -120 Total Harmonic Distortion + Noise (dB) 0.0001 100 10k THD+N RATIO vs AMPLITUDE -100 VS = ±15V RL = 600W 10 1k Figure 2. THD+N RATIO vs FREQUENCY 0.001 100 Frequency (Hz) -140 0.1 1 10 100 Amplitude (VRMS) Frequency (Hz) Figure 3. Figure 4. 20nV/div 0.1Hz TO 10Hz NOISE Time (1s/div) Figure 5. 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±18V, and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY (Referred to Input) COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO vs FREQUENCY 160 140 140 120 100 CMRR (dB) PSRR (dB) 120 100 -PSRR 80 +PSRR 60 80 60 40 40 20 20 0 0 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 100M 100k 10k 10M 1M 100M Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) Figure 6. Figure 7. OPEN-LOOP OUTPUT IMPEDANCE vs FREQUENCY GAIN AND PHASE vs FREQUENCY 140 10k 180 120 Gain (dB) 100 100 10 80 60 90 40 Gain 20 1 135 Phase Phase (°) ZO (W) 1k 45 0 0.1 -20 10 100 1k 10k 1M 100k 10M 100 100M 1k 10k 100k 1M 10M 0 100M Frequency (Hz) Frequency (Hz) Figure 8. Figure 9. OPEN-LOOP GAIN vs TEMPERATURE 5 Open-Loop Gain (mV/V) 4 RL = 10kW 3 2 300mV Swing From Rails 1 0 -1 200mV Swing From Rails -2 -3 -4 -5 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 Temperature (°C) Figure 10. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 Submit Documentation Feedback 7 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±18V, and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. OFFSET VOLTAGE DRIFT PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION 112.5 125.0 87.5 100.0 62.5 75.0 37.5 50.0 25.0 0 12.5 -12.5 -37.5 -25.0 -62.5 -50.0 -87.5 -75.0 -112.5 -100.0 -125.0 Population Population OFFSET VOLTAGE PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Offset Voltage Drift (mV/°C) Offset Voltage (mV) Figure 11. Figure 12. OFFSET VOLTAGE vs COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE VOS WARMUP 12 10 2000 1500 8 6 VOS Shift (mV) 1000 500 VOS (mV) 20 Typical Units Shown 0 -500 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -1000 -1500 -10 -12 -2000 (V-)+1.0 (V-)+1.5 (V-)+2.0 10 0 (V+)-1.5 (V+)-1.0 (V+)-0.5 20 30 VCM (V) 100 80 50 60 Figure 13. Figure 14. INPUT OFFSET CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT OFFSET CURRENT vs COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE 100 5 Typical Units Shown VS = 36V 3 Typical Units Shown 75 60 50 40 20 IOS (nA) IOS (nA) 40 Time (s) 0 -20 25 0 -25 Common-Mode Range -40 -50 -60 -75 -80 -100 2.25 -100 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 1 5 10 Figure 15. 8 Submit Documentation Feedback 15 20 25 30 35 VCM (V) VS (±V) Figure 16. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±18V, and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE INPUT BIAS CURRENT vs COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE 150 150 3 Typical Units Shown 100 Unit 1 -IB +IB Unit 2 50 IB (nA) 50 IB (nA) VS = 36V 3 Typical Units Shown 100 0 Unit 2 Unit 1 0 Unit 3 -50 -50 Unit 3 -100 -IB -100 Common-Mode Range +IB -150 2.25 -150 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 1 18 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 VCM (V) VS (±V) Figure 17. Figure 18. QUIESCENT CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE QUIESCENT CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6 4.0 3.5 5 3.0 2.5 IQ (mA) IQ (mA) 4 3 2.0 1.5 2 1.0 1 0.5 0 0 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 0 75 100 125 150 175 200 4 8 12 Figure 19. 28 32 36 SHORT-CIRCUIT CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 0.05 0 ISC (mA) -0.05 IQ Shift (mA) 24 Figure 20. NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT vs TIME -0.10 -0.15 -0.20 -0.25 Average of 10 Typical Units 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 -40 -50 Sourcing Sinking -60 -0.30 60 20 VS (V) Temperature (°C) 0 16 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 -75 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 Temperature (°C) Time (s) Figure 21. Figure 22. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 Submit Documentation Feedback 9 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±18V, and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. SMALL-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (100mV) SMALL-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (100mV) G = -1 RL = 600W CL = 100pF CF 5.6pF CF 5.6pF 20mV/div 20mV/div G = -1 RL = 600W CL = 10pF RF 604W RI 604W RF 604W RI 604W +18V +18V OPA211 OPA211 CL RL CL RL -18V -18V Time (0.1ms/div) Time (0.1ms/div) Figure 23. Figure 24. SMALL-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (100mV) SMALL-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE (100mV) G = +1 RL = 600W CL = 100pF 20mV/div 20mV/div G = +1 RL = 600W CL = 10pF +18V OPA211 -18V RL +18V OPA211 -18V CL RL Time (0.1ms/div) Time (0.1ms/div) Figure 25. Figure 26. CL SMALL-SIGNAL OVERSHOOT vs CAPACITIVE LOAD (100mV Output Step) 60 G = +1 Overshoot (%) 50 40 G = -1 30 G = 10 20 10 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 Capacitive Load (pF) Figure 27. 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±18V, and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. LARGE-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE LARGE-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE G = -1 CL = 100pF RL = 600W G = +1 CL = 100pF RL = 600W RF = 100W 2V/div 2V/div RF = 0W Note: See the Applications Information section, Input Protection. Figure 29. LARGE-SIGNAL POSITIVE SETTLING TIME (10VPP, CL = 100pF) LARGE-SIGNAL POSITIVE SETTLING TIME (10VPP, CL = 10pF) 1.0 0.010 0.008 0.8 0.008 0.6 0.006 0.6 0.006 0.4 0.004 0.4 0.004 0.2 0.002 16-Bit Settling 0 -0.2 0 -0.002 (±0.0015%) -0.4 -0.004 -0.2 0 -0.002 (±0.0015%) -0.4 -0.004 -0.006 -0.8 -0.008 -0.010 700 800 900 1000 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 400 500 600 Time (ns) 0.002 16-Bit Settling 0 -0.008 -0.006 200 300 0.2 -0.6 -0.6 100 D From Final Value (mV) 0.010 0.8 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Time (ns) -0.010 700 800 900 1000 Figure 30. Figure 31. LARGE-SIGNAL NEGATIVE SETTLING TIME (10VPP, CL = 100pF) LARGE-SIGNAL NEGATIVE SETTLING TIME (10VPP, CL = 10pF) 0.010 0.8 0.008 0.6 0.006 0.6 0.006 0.4 0.004 0.4 0.004 0.2 0.002 16-Bit Settling -0.2 0 -0.002 (±0.0015%) -0.4 -0.004 -0.6 -0.006 -0.8 -1.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Time (ns) D From Final Value (mV) 1.0 0.008 0.2 0.002 16-Bit Settling 0 -0.2 0 -0.002 (±0.0015%) -0.4 -0.004 -0.6 -0.006 -0.008 -0.8 -0.008 -0.010 700 800 900 1000 -1.0 0 100 200 300 Figure 32. 400 500 600 Time (ns) D From Final Value (%) 0.010 0.8 D From Final Value (%) 1.0 0 D From Final Value (%) 1.0 0 D From Final Value (mV) Time (0.5ms/div) Figure 28. D From Final Value (%) D From Final Value (mV) Time (0.5ms/div) -0.010 700 800 900 1000 Figure 33. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 Submit Documentation Feedback 11 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = ±18V, and RL = 10kΩ, unless otherwise noted. NEGATIVE OVERLOAD RECOVERY POSITIVE OVERLOAD RECOVERY G = -10 VIN G = -10 10kW VOUT 1kW 0V OPA211 VIN 5V/div 5V/div 10kW 1kW OPA211 VOUT VOUT VIN 0V VOUT VIN Time (0.5ms/div) Time (0.5ms/div) Figure 34. Figure 35. OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT NO PHASE REVERSAL 20 0°C 15 5 5V/div VOUT (V) Output +85°C +125°C 10 +125°C 0 -55°C 0°C +150°C -5 +18V -10 -15 37VPP (±18.5V) -20 0 10 20 30 40 IOUT (mA) 50 60 Submit Documentation Feedback -18V 0.5ms/div 70 Figure 36. 12 OPA211 Output +85°C Figure 37. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 APPLICATION INFORMATION The OPA211 and OPA2211 are unity-gain stable, precision op amps with very low noise. Applications with noisy or high impedance power supplies require decoupling capacitors close to the device pins. In most cases, 0.1µF capacitors are adequate. Figure 38 shows a simplified schematic of the OPA211. This die uses a SiGe bipolar process and contains 180 transistors. OPERATING VOLTAGE OPA211 series op amps operate from ±2.25V to ±18V supplies while maintaining excellent performance. The OPA211 series can operate with as little as +4.5V between the supplies and with up to +36V between the supplies. However, some applications do not require equal positive and negative output voltage swing. With the OPA211 series, power-supply voltages do not need to be equal. For example, the positive supply could be set to +25V with the negative supply at –5V or vice-versa. The common-mode voltage must be maintained within the specified range. In addition, key parameters are assured over the specified temperature range, TA = –40°C to +125°C. Parameters that vary significantly with operating voltage or temperature are shown in the Typical Characteristics. V+ Pre-Output Driver IN- OUT IN+ V- Figure 38. OPA211 Simplified Schematic Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 Submit Documentation Feedback 13 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 INPUT PROTECTION RF - OPA211 RI Input Output + Figure 39. Pulsed Operation NOISE PERFORMANCE Figure 40 shows total circuit noise for varying source impedances with the op amp in a unity-gain configuration (no feedback resistor network, and therefore no additional noise contributions). Two different op amps are shown with total circuit noise calculated. The OPA211 has very low voltage noise, making it ideal for low source impedances (less than 2kΩ). A similar precision op amp, the OPA227, has somewhat higher voltage noise but lower current noise. It provides excellent noise performance at moderate source impedance (10kΩ to 100kΩ). Above 100kΩ, a FET-input op amp such as the OPA132 (very low current noise) may provide improved performance. The equation in Figure 40 is shown for the calculation of the total circuit noise. Note that en = voltage noise, in = current noise, RS = source impedance, k = Boltzmann’s constant = 1.38 × 10–23 J/K, and T is temperature in K. For more details on calculating noise, see the Basic Noise Calculations section. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback 10k Votlage Noise Spectral Density, EO The input terminals of the OPA211 are protected from excessive differential voltage with back-to-back diodes, as shown in Figure 39. In most circuit applications, the input protection circuitry has no consequence. However, in low-gain or G = 1 circuits, fast ramping input signals can forward bias these diodes because the output of the amplifier cannot respond rapidly enough to the input ramp. This effect is illustrated in Figure 29 of the Typical Characteristics. If the input signal is fast enough to create this forward bias condition, the input signal current must be limited to 10mA or less. If the input signal current is not inherently limited, an input series resistor can be used to limit the signal input current. This input series resistor degrades the low noise performance of the OPA211. See the Noise Performance section of this data sheet for further information on noise calculation. Figure 39 shows an example implementing a current-limiting feedback resistor. VOLTAGE NOISE SPECTRAL DENSITY vs SOURCE RESISTANCE EO 1k RS OPA227 OPA211 100 Resistor Noise 10 2 2 2 EO = en + (in RS) + 4kTRS 1 1k 100 10k 100k 10M Source Resistance, RS (W) Figure 40. Noise Performance of the OPA211 in Unity-Gain Buffer Configuration BASIC NOISE CALCULATIONS Design of low-noise op amp circuits requires careful consideration of a variety of possible noise contributors: noise from the signal source, noise generated in the op amp, and noise from the feedback network resistors. The total noise of the circuit is the root-sum-square combination of all noise components. The resistive portion of the source impedance produces thermal noise proportional to the square root of the resistance. This function is plotted in Figure 40. The source impedance is usually fixed; consequently, select the op amp and the feedback resistors to minimize the respective contributions to the total noise. Figure 40 depicts total noise for varying source impedances with the op amp in a unity-gain configuration (no feedback resistor network, and therefore no additional noise contributions). The operational amplifier itself contributes both a voltage noise component and a current noise component. The voltage noise is commonly modeled as a time-varying component of the offset voltage. The current noise is modeled as the time-varying component of the input bias current and reacts with the source resistance to create a voltage component of noise. Therefore, the lowest noise op amp for a given application depends on the source impedance. For low source impedance, current noise is negligible and voltage noise generally dominates. For high source impedance, current noise may dominate. Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 Figure 41 illustrates both inverting and noninverting op amp circuit configurations with gain. In circuit configurations with gain, the feedback network resistors also contribute noise. The current noise of the op amp reacts with the feedback resistors to create additional noise components. The feedback resistor values can generally be chosen to make these noise sources negligible. The equations for total noise are shown for both configurations. TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION MEASUREMENTS OPA211 series op amps have excellent distortion characteristics. THD + Noise is below 0.0001% (G = +1, VO = 3VRMS) throughout the audio frequency range, 20Hz to 20kHz, with a 600Ω load. The distortion produced by OPA211 series op amps is below the measurement limit of many commercially available equipment. However, a special test circuit illustrated in Figure 42 can be used to extend the measurement capabilities. feedback factor or noise gain of the circuit. The closed-loop gain is unchanged, but the feedback available for error correction is reduced by a factor of 101, thus extending the resolution by 101. Note that the input signal and load applied to the op amp are the same as with conventional feedback without R3. The value of R3 should be kept small to minimize its effect on the distortion measurements. Validity of this technique can be verified by duplicating measurements at high gain and/or high frequency where the distortion is within the measurement capability of the test equipment. Measurements for this data sheet were made with an Audio Precision System Two distortion/noise analyzer, which greatly simplifies such repetitive measurements. The measurement technique can, however, be performed with manual distortion measurement instruments. Op amp distortion can be considered an internal error source that can be referred to the input. Figure 42 shows a circuit that causes the op amp distortion to be 101 times greater than normally produced by the op amp. The addition of R3 to the otherwise standard noninverting amplifier configuration alters the Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 Submit Documentation Feedback 15 OPA211 OPA2211 www.ti.com SBOS377D – OCTOBER 2006 – REVISED FEBRUARY 2008 Noise in Noninverting Gain Configuration Noise at the output: R2 2 2 EO R1 = 1+ R2 R1 2 2 en 2 e1 + EO 2 + e2 + (inR2) + R2 Where eS = Ö4kTRS ´ 1 + 2 R1 2 eS 2 + (inRS) 1+ R2 R1 = thermal noise of RS RS R2 e1 = Ö4kTR1 ´ R1 VS = thermal noise of R1 e2 = Ö4kTR2 = thermal noise of R2 Noise in Inverting Gain Configuration Noise at the output: R2 2 2 EO = 1 + R1 R2 R 1 + RS 2 EO RS 2 2 2 en + e1 + e2 + (inR2) + eS R2 Where eS = Ö4kTRS ´ R 1 + RS 2 = thermal noise of RS VS R2 e1 = Ö4kTR1 ´ R 1 + RS = thermal noise of R1 e2 = Ö4kTR2 = thermal noise of R2 For the OPA211 series op amps at 1kHz, en = 1.1nV/ÖHz and in = 1.7pA/ÖHz. Figure 41. Noise Calculation in Gain Configurations R1 R2 SIG. DIST. GAIN GAIN R3 Signal Gain = 1+ OPA211 VO = 3VRMS R2 R1 Distortion Gain = 1+ R2 R1 II R3 Generator Output R1 R2 R3 1 101 ¥ 1kW 10W 11 101 100W 1kW 11W Analyzer Input Audio Precision System Two(1) with PC Controller RL 600W NOTE: (1) Measurement BW = 80kHz. Figure 42. Distortion Test Circuit 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 2006–2008, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Link(s): OPA211 OPA2211 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgment. 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