DAC8551 SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 16-BIT, ULTRA-LOW GLITCH, VOLTAGE OUTPUT DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • • • • • DESCRIPTION 16-Bit Monotonic Over Temperature Relative Accuracy: 8 LSB (Max) Glitch Energy: 0.1 nV-s Settling Time: 10 µs to ±0.003% FSR Power Supply: +2.7 V to +5.5 V MicroPower Operation: 200 µA at 5 V Rail-to-Rail Output Amplifier Power-On Reset to Zero Power-Down Capability Schmitt-Triggered Digital Inputs SYNC Interrupt Facility Drop-In Compatible With DAC8531/01 Operating Temperature Range: -40°C to 105°C Available Package: – 3 mm × 5 mm MSOP-8 APPLICATIONS • • • • • • Process Control Data Acquisition Systems Closed-Loop Servo-Control PC Peripherals Portable Instrumentation Programmable Attenuation The DAC8551 is a small, low-power, voltage output, 16-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC). It is monotonic, provides good linearity, and minimizes undesired code-to-code transient voltages. The DAC8551 uses a versatile 3-wire serial interface that operates at clock rates to 30 MHz and is compatible with standard SPI™, QSPI™, Microwire™, and digital signal processor (DSP) interfaces. The DAC8551 requires an external reference voltage to set its output range. The DAC8551 incorporates a power-on-reset circuit that ensures the DAC output powers up at 0 V and remains there until a valid write takes place to the device. The DAC8551 contains a power-down feature, accessed over the serial interface, that reduces the current consumption of the device to 200 nA at 5 V. The low-power consumption of this device in normal operation makes it ideally suited for portable batteryoperated equipment. The power consumption is 1.00 mW at 5 V, reducing to 1 µW in power-down mode. The DAC8551 is available in an MSOP-8 package. FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM VDD VFB VREF Ref (+) VOUT 16−Bit DAC 16 DAC Register 16 SYNC SCLK DIN Shift Register Resistor Network PWD Control GND Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. SPI, QSPI are trademarks of Motorola. Microwire is a trademark of National Semiconductor. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2005, Texas Instruments Incorporated DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. PACKAGING/ORDERING INFORMATION PRODUCT MINIMUM RELATIVE ACCURACY (LSB) DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARITY (LSB) PACKAGE LEAD PACKAGE DESIGNATOR (1) SPECIFICATION TEMPERATURE RANGE PACKAGE MARKING ORDERING NUMBER DAC8551IDGK Tube, 80 DAC8551I ±8 ±1 MSOP-8 DGK –40°C TO 105°C D81 DAC8551IDGKT Tape and Reel, 250 DAC8551IDGKR Tape and Reel, 2500 (1) TRANSPORT MEDIA, QUANTITY For the most current specifications and package information, refer to our web site at www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) UNIT VDD to GND –0.3 V to 6 V Digital input voltage to GND –0.3 V to +VDD + 0.3 V VOUT to GND –0.3 V to +VDD + 0.3 V Operating temperature range –40°C to 105°C Storage temperature range –65°C to 150°C Junction temperature range (TJ max) 150°C Power dissipation (DGK) (TJmax – TA)/θJA θJA Thermal impedance 206°C/W θJC Thermal impedance Lead temperature, soldering (1) 44°C/W Vapor phase (60 s) 215°C Infrared (15 s) 220°C Stresses above those listed under absolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V,– 40°C to 105°C range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT STATIC PERFORMANCE (1) Resolution 16 Relative accuracy Measured by line passing through codes 485 and 64741 Differential nonlinearity 16-bit Monotonic Zero-code error Full-scale error Measured by line passing through codes 485 and 64741. Gain error Bits ±3 ±8 LSB ±0.25 ±1 LSB ±2 ±12 mV ±0.05 ±0.5 % of FSR ±0.02 ±0.15 % of FSR Zero-code error drift ±5 µV/°C Gain temperature coefficient ±1 ppm of FSR/°C Power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) 8 (1) 2 RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 200 pF Linearity calculated using a reduced code range of 485 to 64741; output unloaded. 0.75 mV mV/V DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V,– 40°C to 105°C range (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT VREF V 10 µs OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS (2) Output voltage range Output voltage settling time 0 To ±0.003% FSR, 0200H to FD00H, RL = 2 kΩ, 0 pF < CL < 200 pF 8 RL = 2 kΩ, CL = 500 pF Slew rate Capacitive load stability RL = ∞ RL = 2 kΩ 12 µs 1.8 V/µs 470 pF 1000 pF Code change glitch impulse 1 LSB change around major carry 0.1 Digital feedthrough SCLK toggling, FSYNC high 0.1 DC output impedance At mid-code input Short-circuit current Power-up time nV-s Ω 1 VDD = 5 V 50 VDD = 3 V 20 Coming out of power-down mode VDD = 5 V 2.5 Coming out of power-down mode VDD = 3 V 5 mA µs AC PERFORMANCE SNR (1st 19 harmonics removed) THD 95 85 BW = 20 kHz, VDD = 5 V, FOUT = 1 kHz SFDR dB 87 SINAD 84 REFERENCE INPUT VREF Voltage 0 Reference input range V µA VREF = VDD = 5 V 50 75 VREF = VDD = 3.6 V 30 45 Reference input impedance LOGIC INPUTS VDD 125 µA kΩ (3) ±1 Input current VINL Logic input LOW voltage VINH Logic input HIGH voltage µA VDD = 5 V 0.8 VDD = 3 V 0.6 VDD = 5 V 2.4 VDD = 3 V 2.1 V V Pin capacitance 3 pF 5.5 V POWER REQUIREMENTS VDD IDD (normal mode) VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 2.7 Input code = 32768, reference current included, no load VIH = VDD and VIL = GND 200 250 180 240 0.2 1 0.05 1 µA IDD (all power-down modes) VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V VIH = VDD and VIL = GND VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V µA POWER EFFICIENCY IOUT/IDD ILOAD = 2 mA, VDD = 5 V 89% TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified performance (2) (3) –40 105 °C Ensured by design and characterization, not production tested. Ensured by design and characterization, not production tested. 3 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 PIN CONFIGURATION MSOP-8 (Top View) VDD 1 VREF 2 VFB VOUT 8 GND 7 DIN 3 6 SCLK 4 5 SYNC DAC8551 PIN DESCRIPTIONS 4 PIN NAME 1 VDD Power supply input, 2.7 V to 5.5 V. 2 VREF Reference voltage input. 3 VFB Feedback connection for the output amplifier. For voltage output operation, tie to VOUT externally. 4 VOUT Analog output voltage from DAC. The output amplifier has rail-to-rail operation. 5 SYNC Level-triggered control input (active LOW). This is the frame synchronization signal for the input data. When SYNC goes LOW, it enables the input shift register and data is transferred in on the falling edges of the following clocks. The DAC is updated following the 24th clock (unless SYNC is taken HIGH before this edge in which case the rising edge of SYNC acts as an interrupt and the write sequence is ignored by the DAC8551). 6 SCLK Serial clock input. Data can be transferred at rates up to 30 MHz. 7 DIN 8 GND DESCRIPTION Serial data input. Data is clocked into the 24-bit input shift register on each falling edge of the serial clock input. Ground reference point for all circuitry on the part. DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TIMING REQUIREMENTS (1) (2) VDD = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, all specifications –40°C to 105°C (unless otherwise noted) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS t 1 (3) SCLK cycle time t2 SCLK HIGH time t3 SCLK LOW time t4 SYNC to SCLK rising edge setup time t5 Data setup time t6 Data hold time t7 SCLK falling edge to SYNC rising edge t8 Minimum SYNC HIGH time (1) (2) (3) MIN VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 50 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 33 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 13 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 13 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 22.5 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 13 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 0 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 0 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 5 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 5 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 4.5 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 4.5 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 0 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 0 VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V 50 VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V 33 TYP MAX UNIT ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns All input signals are specified with tR = tF = 3 ns (10% to 90% of VDD) and timed from a voltage level of (VIL + VIH)/2. See Serial Write Operation timing diagram. Maximum SCLK frequency is 30 MHz at VDD = 3.6 V to 5.5 V and 20 MHz at VDD = 2.7 V to 3.6 V. SERIAL WRITE OPERATION t1 SCLK t8 t3 t4 t2 t7 SYNC t6 t5 DIN DB23 DB0 5 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (-40°C) LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (25°C) 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 6 4 2 0 −2 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V LE − (LSB) LE − (LSB) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted −4 −6 1 DLE − (LSB) 1 DLE − (LSB) VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V 0.5 0 −0.5 0.5 0 −0.5 −1 −1 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 LE − (LSB) Figure 1. Figure 2. LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (105°C) ZERO-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE 6 4 2 0 −2 10 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V 5 Error (mV) −4 −6 1 DLE − (LSB) 40960 49152 57344 65536 Digital Input Code Digital Input Code 0.5 0 0 −0.5 −5 −1 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 −40 0 Digital Input Code 40 80 120 Temperature − C Figure 3. Figure 4. FULL-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE IDD HISTOGRAM 0 1000 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.99 V VDD = VREF = 5.5 V, Reference Current Included f − Frequency − Hz Error (mV) 800 −5 600 400 200 −10 0 −40 0 40 Temperature − C Figure 5. 6 80 120 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 IDD − Supply Current − A Figure 6. 260 280 300 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted SOURCE AND SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY SUPPLY CURRENT vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE 300 6 VDD = 5.5 V VDD = VREF = 5.5 V DAC Loaded With FFFFH I DD − Supply Current − µ A V OUT − Output Voltage − V 5 4 3 VREF = VDD −10 mV 2 1 250 200 Reference Current Included 150 100 50 DAC Loaded With 0000H 0 0 0 3 5 8 0 10 8192 16384 24576 I(SOURCE/SINK) − mA Figure 7. Figure 8. POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE 250 300 VDD = VREF = 5.5 V I DD − Supply Current − µ A 200 Quiescent Current −µ A 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 Digital Input Code 150 Reference Current Included 100 50 280 VREF = VDD 260 Reference Current Include, No Load 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 0 −40 −10 20 50 80 100 2.7 110 3.1 3.4 Temperature − C 3.8 4.1 4.5 4.8 5.2 5.5 VDD − Supply Voltage − V Figure 9. Figure 10. POWER-DOWN CURRENT vs SUPPLY VOLTAGE SUPPLY CURRENT vs LOGIC INPUT VOLTAGE 1 I DD − Supply Current − µ A − Supply Current −µ A 0.5 0.3 I DD 0.8 0 2.7 TA = 25°C, SCL Input (All Other Inputs = GND) VDD = VREF = 5.5 V 1700 VREF = VDD 1300 900 500 100 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.1 4.5 VDD − Supply Voltage − V Figure 11. 4.8 5.2 5.5 0 1 2 3 4 5 V(LOGIC) − V Figure 12. 7 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V RISING EDGE FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 5 V/div Trigger Pulse 5 V/div VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: 0000 To Code: FFFF Rising Edge 1 V/div VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: FFFF To Code: 0000 Falling Edge 1 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV/div Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Time (2 µs/div) Figure 13. Figure 14. HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V RISING EDGE HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 5-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 5 V/div Trigger Pulse 5 V/div VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: CFFF To Code: 4000 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V, From Code: 4000 To Code: CFFF Rising Edge 1 V/div Falling Edge 1 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Time (2 µs/div) GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 1-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 1-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 7FFF To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.08 nV-s Figure 17. VOUT(500 V/div) Figure 16. VOUT (500 V/div) Figure 15. Time 400 ns/div 8 Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 7FFF Glitch: 0.16 nV-s Measured Worst Case Time 400 ns/div Figure 18. DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 16-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8010 To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.08 nV-s VOUT (500 V/div) VOUT(500 V/div) GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 16-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 8010 Glitch: 0.04 nV-s Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div Figure 19. Figure 20. GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 256-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 5-V, 256-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div Figure 21. Figure 22. TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO vs OUTPUT FREQUENCY 98 VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.9 V −50 SNR − Signal-to-Noise Ratio − dB THD − Total Harmonic Distortion − dB −40 −1dB FSR Digital Input, Fs = 1 MSPS Measurement Bandwidth = 20 kHz −60 −70 THD 2nd Harmonic −80 3rd Harmonic −90 −100 VDD = 5 V, VREF= 4.096 V From Code: 80FF To Code: 8000 Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case VOUT(5 mV/div) VOUT(5 mV/div) VDD = 5 V, VREF = 4.096 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 80FF Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case VDD = VREF = 5 V 96 −1 dB FSR Digital Input, Fs = 1 MSPS Measurement Bandwidth = 20 kHz 94 92 90 88 86 84 0 1 2 3 Output Tone − kHz Figure 23. 4 5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 f − Output Frequency − kHz 4 4.5 5 Figure 24. 9 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 5 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted POWER SPECTRAL DENSITY OUTPUT NOISE DENSITY 350 VDD = 5 V VREF = 4.096 Code = 7FFF No Load −10 −50 −70 −90 −110 −130 5000 0 10000 15000 300 V n − Voltage Noise − nV/ Gain − dB −30 Hz VDD = 5.0 V, VREF = 4.096 V fOUT = 1 kHz fCLK = 1 MSPS 250 200 150 100 100 20000 1000 10000 100000 f − Frequency − Hz f − Frequency − Hz Figure 25. Figure 26. TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted 6 4 2 0 −2 −4 −6 6 4 VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V LE − (LSB) VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V 2 0 −2 1 1 0.5 0.5 0 −0.5 −4 −6 0 −0.5 −1 −1 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 Digital Input Code Figure 27. 10 LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (25°C) DLE − (LSB) DLE − (LSB) LE − (LSB) LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (-40°C) 49152 57344 65536 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 Digital Input Code Figure 28. DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted LINEARITY ERROR AND DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE (105°C) LE − (LSB) 6 4 10 VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V 2 0 −2 5 Error (mV) −4 −6 1 DLE − (LSB) ZERO-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE 0.5 0 0 −0.5 −1 0 8192 16384 −5 −40 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 0 40 80 120 Digital Input Code Temperature − C Figure 29. Figure 30. FULL-SCALE ERROR vs TEMPERATURE IDD HISTOGRAM 5 1500 VDD = VREF = 2.7 V Reference Current Included VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.69 V f − Frequency − Hz 1200 Error (mV) 0 −5 900 600 300 −10 −40 0 0 40 80 120 120 140 160 220 240 260 Figure 32. SOURCE AND SINK CURRENT CAPABILITY SUPPLY CURRENT vs DIGITAL INPUT CODE 280 300 180 VDD = 2.7 V 2.5 2 1.5 VREF = VDD − 10 mV 1 0.5 3 140 120 Reference Current Included 100 80 60 40 20 DAC Loaded With 0000H 0 VDD = VREF = 2.7 V 160 DAC Loaded With FFFFH I DD − Supply Current − µ A V OUT − Output Voltage − V 200 Figure 31. 3 0 180 IDD − Supply Current − A Temperature − C 5 I(SOURCE/SINK) − mA Figure 33. 8 10 0 0 8192 16384 24576 32768 40960 49152 57344 65536 Digital Input Code Figure 34. 11 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE SUPPLY CURRENT vs LOGIC INPUT VOLTAGE 250 TA = 25°C, SCL Input (All Other Inputs = GND) I DD − Supply Current − µ A VDD = VREF = 2.7 V Quiescent Current −µ A 200 150 Reference Current Included 100 50 0 −40 −10 20 50 80 110 700 VDD = VREF = 2.7 V 500 300 100 0 0.5 1 1.5 2.5 Temperature − C Figure 35. Figure 36. FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V RISING EDGE FULL-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V, From Code: FFFF To Code: 0000 VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V, From Code: 0000 To Code: FFFF Rising Edge 0.5 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV/div Falling Edge 0.5 V/div Time (2 µs/div) Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Figure 37. Figure 38. HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V RISING EDGE HALF-SCALE SETTLING TIME: 2.7-V FALLING EDGE Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div Trigger Pulse 2.7 V/div VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V, From Code: CFFF To Code: 4000 VDD = 2.7 V VREF = 2.5 V From code; 4000 To code: CFFF Rising Edge 0.5 V/div Zoomed Rising Edge 1 mV / div Time − 2 s/div Figure 39. 12 2 V(LOGIC) − V Falling Edge 0.5 V/div Zoomed Falling Edge 1 mV/div Time (2 µs/div) Figure 40. DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS: VDD = 2.7 V (continued) At TA = 25°C, unless otherwise noted VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 7FFF To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.08 nV-s GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 1-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VOUT(200 V/div) VOUT(200 V/div) GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 1-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 7FFF Glitch: 0.16 nV-s Measured Worst Case Time 400 ns/div Time 400 ns/div GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 16-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 16-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 8010 Glitch: 0.04 nV-s Time 400 ns/div VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 8010 To Code: 8000 Glitch: 0.12 nV-s V/div) VOUT (200 uV/div) Figure 42. VOUT(200 uV/div) Figure 41. Time 400 ns/div GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 256-LSB STEP, RISING EDGE GLITCH ENERGY: 2.7-V, 256-LSB STEP, FALLING EDGE AVDD = 2.7 V, Vref = 2.5 V From Code: 8000 To Code: 80FF Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case Time 400 ns/div Figure 45. VOUT (5 mV/div) Figure 44. VOUT(5 mV/div) Figure 43. VDD = 2.7 V, VREF = 2.5 V From Code: 80FF To Code: 8000 Glitch: Not Detected Theoretical Worst Case Time 400 ns/div Figure 46. 13 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 THEORY OF OPERATION VREF DAC SECTION The architecture consists of a string DAC followed by an output buffer amplifier. Figure 47 shows a block diagram of the DAC architecture. Ω Ω VFB 62 Ω R Divider V REF 2 R R To Output Amplifier (2x Gain) GND Figure 47. DAC8551 Architecture The input coding to the DAC8551 is straight binary, so the ideal output voltage is given by: V OUT X D IN V REF 65536 where DIN = decimal equivalent of the binary code that is loaded to the DAC register; it can range from 0 to 65535. R R RESISTOR STRING The resistor string section is shown in Figure 48. It is simply a string of resistors, each of value R. The code loaded into the DAC register determines at which node on the string the voltage is tapped off to be fed into the output amplifier by closing one of the switches connecting the string to the amplifier. It is monotonic because it is a string of resistors. OUTPUT AMPLIFIER The output buffer amplifier is capable of generating rail-to-rail voltages on its output, which gives an output range of 0 V to VDD. It is capable of driving a load of 2 kΩ in parallel with 1000 pF to GND. The source and sink capabilities of the output amplifier can be seen in the typical curves. The slew rate is 1.8 V/µs with a full-scale setting time of 8 µs with the output unloaded. The inverting input of the output amplifier is brought out to the VFB pin. This allows for better accuracy in critical applications by tying the VFB point and the amplifier output together directly at the load. Other signal conditioning circuitry may also be connected between these points for specific applications. 14 Figure 48. Resistor String SERIAL INTERFACE The DAC8551 has a 3-wire serial interface ( SYNC, SCLK, and DIN), which is compatible with SPI™, QSPI™, and Microwire™ interface standards, as well as most DSPs. See the Serial Write Operation timing diagram for an example of a typical write sequence. The write sequence begins by bringing the SYNC line LOW. Data from the DIN line is clocked into the 24-bit shift register on each falling edge of SCLK. The serial clock frequency can be as high as 30 MHz, making the DAC8551 compatible with high-speed DSPs. On the 24th falling edge of the serial clock, the last data bit is clocked in and the programmed function is executed (i.e., a change in DAC register contents and/or a change in the mode of operation). At this point, the SYNC line may be kept LOW or brought HIGH. In either case, it must be brought HIGH for a minimum of 33 ns before the next write sequence so that a falling edge of SYNC can initiate the next write sequence. As previously mentioned, it must be brought HIGH again just before the next write sequence. DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 INPUT SHIFT REGISTER SYNC INTERRUPT The input shift register is 24 bits wide, as shown in Figure 49. The first six bits are don't cares. The next two bits (PD1 andPD0) are control bits that control which mode of operation the part is in (normal mode or any one of three power-down modes). A more complete description of the various modes is located in the Power-Down Modes section. The next 16 bits are the data bits. These are transferred to the DAC register on the 24th falling edge of SCLK. In a normal write sequence, the SYNC line is kept LOW for at least 24 falling edges of SCLK and the DAC is updated on the 24th falling edge. However, if SYNC is brought HIGH before the 24th falling edge, it acts as an interrupt to the write sequence. The shift register is reset, and the write sequence is seen as invalid. Neither an update of the DAC register contents, or a change in the operating mode occurs, as shown in Figure 50. POWER-ON RESET The DAC8551 contains a power-on-reset circuit that controls the output voltage during power up. On power up, the DAC registers is filled with zeros and the output voltages is 0 V; it remains there until a valid write sequence is made to the DAC. This is useful in applications where it is important to know the state of the output of the DAC while it is in the process of powering up. DB23 X DB0 X X X X X PD1 PD0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 Figure 49. DAC8551 Data Input Register Format 24th Falling Edge 24th Falling Edge CLK SYNC DIN DB23 DB80 DB23 DB80 Valid Write Sequence: Output Updates on the 24th Falling Edge Figure 50. SYNC Interrupt Facility 15 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 POWER-DOWN MODES The DAC8551 supports four separate modes of operation. These modes are programmable by setting two bits (PD1 and PD0) in the control register. Table 1 shows how the state of the bits corresponds to the mode of operation of the device. Table 1. Modes of Operation for the DAC8551 PD1 (DB17) PD0 (DB16) OPERATING MODE 0 0 Normal Operation – – Power-down modes 0 1 Output typically 1 kΩ to GND 1 0 Output typically 100 kΩ to GND 1 1 High-Z When both bits are set to 0, the device works normally with its typical current consumption of 200 µA at 5 V. However, for the three power-down modes, the supply current falls to 200 nA at 5 V (50 nA at 3 V). Not only does the supply current fall, but the output stage is also internally switched from the output of the amplifier to a resistor network of known values. This has the advantage that the output impedance of the device is known while it is in power-down mode. There are three different options. The output is connected internally to GND through a 1-kΩ resistor, a 100-kΩ resistor, or it is left open-circuited (High-Z). The output stage is illustrated in Figure 51. All analog circuitry is shut down when the power-down mode is activated. However, the contents of the DAC register are unaffected when in power down. The time to exit power-down is typically 2.5 µs for VDD = 5 V, and 5 µs for VDD = 3 V. See the Typical Characteristics for more information. VFB Amplifier The setup for the interface is as follows: TXD of the 8051 drives SCLK of the DAC8551, while RXD drives the serial data line of the device. The SYNC signal is derived from a bit-programmable pin on the port of the 8051. In this case, port line P3.3 is used. When data is to be transmitted to the DAC8551, P3.3 is taken LOW. The 8051 transmits data in 8-bit bytes; thus, only eight falling clock edges occur in the transmit cycle. To load data to the DAC, P3.3 is left LOW after the first eight bits are transmitted, then a second write cycle is initiated to transmit the second byte of data. P3.3 is taken HIGH following the completion of the third write cycle. The 8051 outputs the serial data in a format which has the LSB first. The DAC8551 requires its data with the MSB as the first bit received. The 8051 transmit routine must therefore take this into account, and mirror the data as needed. 80C51/80L51(1) DAC8551 (1) P3.3 SYNC TXD SCLK RXD DIN NOTE: (1) Additional pins omitted for clarity. Figure 52. DAC8551 to 80C51/80L51 Interface DAC8551 to Microwire Interface Figure 53 shows an interface between the DAC8551 and any Microwire compatible device. Serial data is shifted out on the falling edge of the serial clock and is clocked into the DAC8551 on the rising edge of the SK signal. MicrowireTM DAC8551(1) CS SYNC SK SCLK SO DIN VOUT Resistor String DAC NOTE: (1) Additional pins omitted for clarity. Figure 53. DAC8551 to Microwire Interface Power−Down Circuitry Resistor Network Figure 51. Output Stage During Power Down MICROPROCESSOR INTERFACING DAC8551 TO 8051 Interface See Figure 52 for a serial interface between the DAC8551 and a typical 8051-type microcontroller. 16 DAC8551 to 68HC11 Interface Figure 54 shows a serial interface between the DAC8551 and the 68HC11 microcontroller. SCK of the 68HC11 drives the SCLK of the DAC8551, while the MOSI output drives the serial data line of the DAC. The SYNC signal is derived from a port line (PC7), similar to the 8051 diagram. DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 DAC8551 (1) 68HC11(1) PC7 SYNC SCK SCLK MOSI DIN NOTE: (1) Additional pins omitted for clarity. Figure 54. DAC8551 to 68HC11 Interface valid on the falling edge of SCK. When data is being transmitted to the DAC, the SYNC line is held LOW (PC7). Serial data from the 68HC11 is transmitted in 8-bit bytes with only eight falling clock edges occurring in the transmit cycle. (Data is transmitted MSB first.) In order to load data to the DAC8551, PC7 is left LOW after the first eight bits are transferred, then a second and third serial write operation is performed to the DAC. PC7 is taken HIGH at the end of this procedure. The 68HC11 should be configured so that its CPOL bit is 0 and its CPHA bit is 1. This configuration causes data appearing on the MOSI output to be APPLICATION INFORMATION USING THE REF02 AS A POWER SUPPLY FOR THE DAC8551 Due to the extremely low supply current required by the DAC8551, an alternative option is to use a REF02 +5 -V precision voltage reference to supply the required voltage to the device, as shown in Figure 55. (2) The load regulation of the REF02 is typically 0.005%/mA, which results in an error of 299 µV for the 1.2-mA current drawn from it. This corresponds to a 3.9 LSB error. BIPOLAR OPERATION USING THE DAC8551 +15 The DAC8551 has been designed for single-supply operation, but a bipolar output range is also possible using the circuit in Figure 56. The circuit shown gives an output voltage range of ±VREF. Rail-to-rail operation at the amplifier output is achievable using an OPA703 as the output amplifier. +5V REF02 285µA The output voltage for any input code can be calculated as follows: SYNC Three-Wire Serial Interface 200 A 5 V 1.2 mA 5 k SCLK VOUT = 0V to 5V DAC8551 DIN Figure 55. REF02 as a Power Supply to the DAC8551 This is especially useful if the power supply is quite noisy or if the system supply voltages are at some value other than 5 V. The REF02 outputs a steady supply voltage for the DAC8551. If the REF02 is used, the current it needs to supply to the DAC8551 is 200 µA. This is with no load on the output of the DAC. When a DAC output is loaded, the REF02 also needs to supply the current to the load. The total typical current required (with a 5-kΩ load on the DAC output) is: V O V REF D R1 R2 V 65536 R2 REF R1 R1 where D represents the input code in decimal (0–65535). With VREF = 5 V, R1 = R2 = 10 kΩ. V 10 D 5 V O 65536 (4) This is an output voltage range of ±5 V with 0000H corresponding to a –5 V output and FFFFH corresponding to a 5 V output. Similarly, using VREF = 2.5 V, a ±2.5-V output voltage range can be achieved. LAYOUT A precision analog component requires careful layout, adequate bypassing, and clean, well-regulated power supplies. The DAC8551 offers single-supply operation, and it often is used in close proximity with digital logic, 17 DAC8551 www.ti.com SLAS429A – APRIL 2005 – REVISED JULY 2005 microcontrollers, microprocessors, and digital signal processors. The more digital logic present in the design and the higher the switching speed, the more difficult it is to keep digital noise from appearing at the output. The power applied to VDD should be well regulated and low noise. Switching power supplies and DC/DC converters often have high-frequency glitches or spikes riding on the output voltage. In addition, digital components can create similar high-frequency spikes as their internal logic switches states. This noise can easily couple into the DAC output voltage through various paths between the power connections and analog output. Due to the single ground pin of the DAC8551, all return currents, including digital and analog return currents for the DAC, must flow through a single point. Ideally, GND would be connected directly to an analog ground plane. This plane would be separate from the ground connection for the digital components until they were connected at the power-entry point of the system. As with the GND connection, VDD should be connected to a 5-V power-supply plane or trace that is separate from the connection for digital logic until they are connected at the power-entry point. In addition, a 1-µF to 10-µF capacitor and 0.1-µF bypass capacitor are strongly recommended. In some situations, additional bypassing may be required, such as a 100-µF electrolytic capacitor or even a Pi filter made up of inductors and capacitors – all designed to essentially low-pass filter the 5-V supply, removing the high-frequency noise. R2 10kΩ VREF +5V R1 10kΩ OPA703 VFB VREF 10µF DAC8551 0.1µF –5V Three-Wire Serial Interface Figure 56. Bipolar Output Range 18 5V VOUT PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 27-Sep-2005 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty DAC8551IDGK ACTIVE MSOP DGK 8 DAC8551IDGKR ACTIVE MSOP DGK DAC8551IDGKRG4 ACTIVE MSOP DAC8551IDGKT ACTIVE DAC8551IDRBR DAC8551IDRBT 80 Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (3) Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU Level-1-260C-UNLIM 8 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU Level-1-260C-UNLIM DGK 8 2500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU Level-1-260C-UNLIM MSOP DGK 8 250 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU Level-1-260C-UNLIM PREVIEW SON DRB 8 3000 TBD Call TI Call TI PREVIEW SON DRB 8 250 TBD Call TI Call TI (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS) or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. 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