PRELIMINARY DATA SHEET GaAs HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR NE52118 L to S BAND LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER NPN GaAs HBT FEATURES • For Low Noise & High Gain amplifiers NF = 1.0 dB TYP. Ga = 15.0 dB TYP. MSG = 15.0 dB TYP. (@f = 2 GHz, VCE = 2 V, IC = 3 mA, ZS = ZL = 50 Ω) OIP3 = 15 dBm TYP. (@f = 2 GHz, VCE = 2 V, IC = 3 mA, ZS = ZL = 50 Ω) • 4-pin super minimold package • Grounded Emitter Transistor ORDERING INFORMATION (PLAN) Part Number NE52118-T1 Package Marking 4-pin super minimold Supplying Form V41 Embossed tape 8 mm wide. Pin 3, pin 4 face to perforation side of the tape. Qty 3 kp/reel. Remark To order evaluation samples, please contact your local NEC sales office. (Part number for sample order: NE52118) ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (TA = +25°C) Parameter Symbol Ratings Unit Collector to Emitter Voltage VCEO 5.0 V Collector to Base Voltage VCBO 3.0 V Emitter to Base Voltage VEBO 3.0 V Collector Current IC 7 mA Base Current IB 0.3 mA Ptot 30 mW Total Power Dissipation Junction Temperature Tj +125 °C Storage Temperature Tstg –65 to +125 °C The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. Not all devices/types available in every country. Please check with local NEC representative for availability and additional information. Document No. P14544EJ1V0DS00 (1st edition) Date Published November 1999 N CP(K) Printed in Japan © 1999 NE52118 RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS (TA = +25 °C) Parameter Collector to Emitter Voltage Collector Current Symbol MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit VCE 1.5 2.0 3.0 V IC − 3 6 mA ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = +25°C) Parameter Test Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Emitter to Base Leak Current IEBO VEBO = 3 V − 0.2 1.0 µA Collector to Base Leak Current ICBO VCBO = 3 V − 0.2 1.0 µA Collector to Emitter Leak Current ICEO VCEO = 5 V − 0.5 2.0 µA DC current gain hFE VCE = 2 V, IC = 3 mA 50 90 140 − Base to Emitter Forward Voltage VFBE IBE = 100 µA 1.0 1.2 1.4 V Base to Collector Forward Voltage VFBC IBC = 100 µA 0.7 1.0 1.3 V − 1.0 1.5 dB Noise Figure Associated Gain Out Third-Order Distortion Intercept Point 2 Symbol NF Ga VCE = 2 V, IC = 3 mA, f = 2 GHz, ZS = ZL = 50 Ω OIP3 Noise Figure NF Associated Gain Ga VCE = 2 V, IC = 5 mA, f = 2 GHz, ZS = ZL = 50 Ω Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 13.5 15 − dB − 15 − dBm − 1.0 − dB − 16.3 − dB NE52118 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = +25°°C) DC CHARACTERISTICS TOTAL POWER DISSIPATION vs. AMBIENT TEMPERATURE COLLECTOR CURRENT vs. DC BASE VOLTAGE 10 VCE = 2 V 40 Collector Current IC (mA) Total Power Dissipation PT (mW) 50 30 20 10 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 8 6 4 2 0 150 0 0.5 1 1.5 DC Base Voltage VBE (V) Ambient Temperature TA (°C) DC CURRENT GAIN vs. COLLECTOR CURRENT COLLECTOR CURRENT vs. COLLECTOR TO EMITTER VOLTAGE 1 000 10 8 6 50 µ A 40 µ A 4 30 µ A 20 µ A 2 DC Current Gain hFE Collector Current IC (mA) VCE = 2 V 100 10 IB = 10 µ A 0 0 1 2 3 4 1 0.1 5 Collector to Emitter Voltage VCE (V) 1 10 Collector Current IC (mA) 30 f = 2.0 GHz VCE = 2 V ZS = ZL = 50 Ω 25 6 Noise Figure NF (dB) 5 20 4 Ga 3 15 2 10 NF 1 5 0 1 Associated Gain Ga (dB) NOISE FIGURE, ASSOCIATED GAIN vs. COLLECTOR CURRENT 0 100 10 Collector Current IC (mA) Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 3 NE52118 GAIN CHARACTERISTICS Insertion Power Gain lS21el2 (dB) Maximum Available Power Gain MAG (dB) Maximum Stable Power Gain MSG (dB) INSERTION POWER GAIN, MAXIMUM AVAILABLE POWER GAIN, MAXIMUM STABLE POWER GAIN vs. FREQUENCY 40 VCE = 2 V IC = 3 mA 35 30 MSG 25 MAG 20 2 lS21el 15 10 5 0 0.1 1.0 10.0 Frequency f (GHz) 30 f = 1 GHz VCE = 2 V 25 MSG 2 lS21el 20 15 10 5 0 1 10 100 INSERTION POWER GAIN, MAXIMUM AVAILABLE POWER GAIN, MAXIMUM STABLE POWER GAIN vs. COLLECTOR CURRENT Insertion Power Gain lS21el2 (dB) Maximum Available Power Gain MAG (dB) Maximum Stable Power Gain MSG (dB) Insertion Power Gain lS21el2 (dB) Maximum Available Power Gain MAG (dB) Maximum Stable Power Gain MSG (dB) INSERTION POWER GAIN, MAXIMUM AVAILABLE POWER GAIN, MAXIMUM STABLE POWER GAIN vs. COLLECTOR CURRENT 30 f = 2 GHz VCE = 2 V 25 20 MSG 2 lS21el 15 10 5 0 1 Collector Current IC (mA) 4 Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 10 Collector Current IC (mA) 100 NE52118 OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS 15 80 10 60 Ic 5 40 20 0 –5 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5 0 5 Output Power Pout (dBm) 100 Pout Collector Current Ic (mA) 20 120 25 0 10 f = 2 GHz VCE = 2 V 20 100 Pout 15 80 60 10 40 5 Ic 20 0 –5 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5 0 5 0 10 Input Power Pin (dBm) Input Power Pin (dBm) OUTPUT POWER, COLLECTOR CURRENT vs. INPUT POWER OUTPUT POWER, COLLECTOR CURRENT vs. INPUT POWER 120 20 f = 900 MHz VCE = 3 V 100 Pout 80 15 10 60 Ic 40 5 20 0 –5 –25 –20 –15 –10 –5 0 5 0 10 120 25 Output Power Pout (dBm) 25 Collector Current IC (mA) Output Power Pout (dBm) f = 900 MHz VCE = 2 V 20 f = 2 GHz VCE = 3 V 100 Pout 15 80 10 60 40 5 Ic 20 0 –5 –25 Collector Current IC (mA) 120 25 Output Power Pout (dBm) OUTPUT POWER, COLLECTOR CURRENT vs. INPUT POWER –20 Input Power Pin (dBm) –15 –10 –5 0 5 Collector Current IC (mA) OUTPUT POWER, COLLECTOR CURRENT vs. INPUT POWER 0 10 Input Power Pin (dBm) Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 5 NE52118 S-PARAMETERS MAG. AND ANG. VCE = 2 V, IC = 3 mA FREQUENCY MHz 6 S11 S21 S12 S22 MAG. ANG. MAG. ANG. MAG. ANG. MAG. ANG. 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 3000 0.878 0.868 0.849 0.836 0.806 0.790 0.764 0.740 0.726 0.715 0.690 0.679 0.656 0.640 0.631 0.612 0.553 0.541 0.516 0.501 0.504 0.503 0.480 0.476 0.464 0.453 0.447 −27.7 −34.8 −41.6 −47.4 −53.3 −59.5 −64.6 −70.3 −75.4 −80.2 −84.3 −89.3 −93.3 −97.6 −101.4 −105.2 −109.5 −114.0 −117.6 −121.9 −125.0 −128.1 −132.7 −136.0 −140.5 −143.9 −147.9 8.567 8.361 8.204 7.969 7.758 7.584 7.242 7.089 6.860 6.588 6.397 6.155 5.968 5.785 5.559 5.362 5.094 4.900 4.774 4.601 4.499 4.350 4.229 4.119 4.007 3.894 3.778 154.4 148.6 142.8 137.8 132.6 127.9 123.1 118.3 114.2 109.9 105.3 101.8 98.2 95.0 91.1 87.5 84.9 81.3 78.2 75.1 72.3 69.1 66.3 63.5 60.3 57.9 54.9 0.048 0.057 0.069 0.078 0.084 0.090 0.096 0.102 0.108 0.114 0.115 0.119 0.124 0.126 0.129 0.134 0.131 0.134 0.132 0.136 0.137 0.139 0.138 0.143 0.138 0.142 0.140 68.1 65.3 61.0 57.2 54.4 47.0 45.9 41.8 39.3 35.9 33.2 29.1 27.9 25.9 23.9 22.8 19.5 16.7 16.0 11.4 11.2 10.2 9.2 5.4 6.5 4.3 4.0 0.965 0.952 0.916 0.890 0.866 0.839 0.819 0.792 0.752 0.733 0.713 0.687 0.660 0.638 0.617 0.603 0.529 0.523 0.495 0.483 0.471 0.455 0.428 0.419 0.399 0.396 0.377 −23.2 −27.6 −32.6 −37.1 −41.5 −45.2 −49.5 −53.8 −56.9 −60.0 −63.8 −66.0 −69.2 −71.6 −74.0 −76.5 −77.9 −81.2 −83.6 −85.9 −87.6 −90.3 −92.9 −93.5 −98.2 −99.3 −102.4 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 0.433 0.434 0.433 0.448 0.467 0.484 0.509 0.540 0.562 0.595 −163.0 −179.9 166.0 153.3 141.7 131.9 122.2 113.4 105.7 97.9 3.377 3.000 2.730 2.490 2.291 2.104 1.949 1.809 1.668 1.543 42.5 30.1 18.3 7.1 −4.6 −15.7 −26.9 −38.2 −49.0 −59.7 0.149 0.149 0.152 0.155 0.154 0.156 0.161 0.160 0.161 0.157 −5.1 −10.7 −16.9 −23.0 −27.5 −33.6 −39.9 −45.2 −51.3 −56.0 0.324 0.289 0.259 0.250 0.240 0.247 0.255 0.269 0.292 0.329 −114.3 −127.6 −141.0 −154.2 −168.8 176.7 163.5 147.1 133.9 122.1 Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 NE52118 AMPLIFIER PARAMETERS VCE = 2 V, IC = 3 mA FREQUENCY MHz 2 2 GUmax GAmax |S21| |S12| dB dB dB dB K Delay Mason’s U G1 G2 ns dB dB dB 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 3000 36.72 34.77 31.75 30.05 28.39 27.14 25.84 24.75 23.60 22.83 22.00 21.25 20.45 19.80 19.19 18.58 17.15 16.70 16.14 15.67 15.42 15.04 14.54 14.25 13.86 13.55 13.18 18.66 18.45 18.28 18.03 17.79 17.60 17.20 17.01 16.73 16.38 16.12 15.78 15.52 15.25 14.90 14.59 14.14 13.80 13.58 13.26 13.06 12.77 12.53 12.30 12.06 11.81 11.55 −26.34 −24.81 −23.16 −22.20 −21.47 −20.89 −20.32 −19.81 −19.35 −18.84 −18.78 −18.52 −18.10 −17.97 −17.77 −17.47 −17.68 −17.43 −17.56 −17.36 −17.25 −17.14 −17.18 −16.90 −17.19 −16.94 −17.07 0.18 0.17 0.22 0.24 0.25 0.31 0.31 0.33 0.36 0.38 0.40 0.43 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.50 0.60 0.61 0.64 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.72 0.74 0.77 0.78 0.81 0.173 0.159 0.163 0.139 0.145 0.130 0.132 0.133 0.115 0.120 0.127 0.098 0.100 0.089 0.107 0.101 0.073 0.099 0.086 0.086 0.079 0.087 0.078 0.079 0.089 0.066 0.086 29.074 30.851 29.073 28.366 29.949 24.342 26.473 25.298 25.058 24.267 24.598 22.896 23.256 23.209 23.433 24.430 20.189 19.993 19.931 18.568 19.197 19.529 19.111 18.160 19.006 18.535 18.666 6.40 6.07 5.54 5.20 4.56 4.25 3.81 3.45 3.25 3.11 2.80 2.68 2.45 2.29 2.20 2.03 1.59 1.50 1.34 1.26 1.27 1.27 1.14 1.11 1.05 1.00 0.97 11.66 10.25 7.93 6.82 6.03 5.29 4.83 4.29 3.62 3.35 3.08 2.78 2.49 2.27 2.08 1.96 1.43 1.39 1.22 1.15 1.09 1.01 0.88 0.84 0.75 0.74 0.67 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 11.95 10.83 9.93 9.18 8.53 7.89 7.39 6.97 6.48 6.17 10.57 9.54 8.72 7.92 7.20 6.46 5.80 5.15 4.44 3.77 −16.56 −16.56 −16.39 −16.21 −16.25 −16.11 −15.89 −15.91 −15.89 −16.09 0.88 0.95 1.02 1.06 1.11 1.14 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.13 0.072 0.068 0.066 0.062 0.065 0.062 0.062 0.062 0.060 0.059 17.244 16.795 16.071 15.736 15.441 14.953 15.059 15.045 14.508 14.731 0.90 0.91 0.90 0.97 1.07 1.16 1.30 1.50 1.64 1.90 0.48 0.38 0.30 0.28 0.26 0.27 0.29 0.33 0.39 0.50 11.68 10.60 9.72 9.03 8.61 8.26 7.82 7.72 Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 7 NE52118 S-PARAMETERS MAG. AND ANG. VCE = 2 V, IC = 5 mA FREQUENCY MHz 8 S11 S21 S12 S22 MAG. ANG. MAG. ANG. MAG. ANG. MAG. ANG. 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 3000 0.816 0.793 0.767 0.738 0.705 0.679 0.654 0.631 0.607 0.595 0.573 0.562 0.545 0.528 0.522 0.507 0.459 0.450 0.435 0.423 0.428 0.426 0.416 0.412 0.404 0.401 0.394 −37.6 −46.0 −54.8 −62.3 −68.8 −76.1 −81.5 −88.0 −93.6 −98.8 −103.3 −108.0 −112.1 −116.4 −120.0 −123.7 −129.1 −133.6 −137.7 −141.9 −144.7 −147.0 −152.5 −155.7 −159.3 −162.4 −166.0 13.111 12.508 12.024 11.440 10.904 10.463 9.832 9.389 8.911 8.461 8.137 7.761 7.415 7.119 6.783 6.491 6.123 5.908 5.663 5.454 5.287 5.111 4.940 4.788 4.634 4.491 4.360 147.8 141.6 134.9 129.0 123.4 118.1 113.7 108.4 104.8 100.4 96.4 92.9 89.3 86.3 83.1 79.8 77.5 74.0 71.4 68.7 66.1 63.5 60.8 58.4 55.5 53.2 50.5 0.044 0.052 0.062 0.067 0.072 0.078 0.082 0.085 0.089 0.092 0.097 0.097 0.101 0.103 0.105 0.109 0.106 0.108 0.107 0.110 0.113 0.115 0.116 0.120 0.120 0.120 0.122 62.4 59.8 56.7 50.8 48.1 43.7 40.5 38.4 36.0 34.7 31.4 30.9 28.0 27.4 25.0 24.1 22.5 20.8 20.0 17.7 18.1 17.1 14.9 14.1 13.5 10.5 9.6 0.921 0.894 0.844 0.800 0.764 0.730 0.692 0.665 0.624 0.595 0.579 0.550 0.527 0.503 0.481 0.467 0.401 0.394 0.375 0.364 0.348 0.338 0.317 0.308 0.295 0.292 0.276 −30.6 −36.2 −42.5 −47.7 −52.6 −56.9 −60.9 −65.8 −68.7 −72.0 −75.7 −77.7 −80.8 −82.7 −85.3 −87.6 −89.3 −92.1 −95.1 −98.0 −99.5 −102.3 −104.7 −105.9 −110.3 −112.1 −115.9 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 0.398 0.416 0.422 0.444 0.469 0.487 0.514 0.551 0.572 0.605 179.5 164.9 152.3 141.7 131.7 123.5 115.1 107.5 100.5 93.5 3.831 3.362 3.050 2.779 2.540 2.333 2.149 1.988 1.826 1.695 39.2 27.7 16.5 5.9 −5.1 −15.6 −26.1 −36.9 −47.1 −57.6 0.126 0.139 0.142 0.149 0.153 0.160 0.162 0.168 0.170 0.175 3.8 −0.6 −6.9 −12.7 −17.7 −24.2 −30.5 −37.7 −44.9 −51.7 0.243 0.219 0.208 0.211 0.216 0.234 0.246 0.273 0.300 0.344 −129.1 −144.8 −160.3 −174.9 170.7 156.9 144.7 130.7 119.3 109.3 Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 NE52118 AMPLIFIER PARAMETERS VCE = 2 V, IC = 5 mA FREQUENCY MHz 2 2 GUmax GAmax |S21| |S12| dB dB dB dB K Delay Mason’s U G1 G2 ns dB dB dB 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100 2200 2300 2400 2500 2600 2700 2800 2900 3000 35.28 33.23 30.85 29.02 27.55 26.37 25.11 24.19 23.14 22.35 21.71 21.01 20.35 19.74 19.15 18.60 17.53 17.14 16.63 16.21 15.90 15.57 15.16 14.84 14.49 14.20 13.87 22.35 21.94 21.60 21.17 20.75 20.39 19.85 19.45 19.00 18.55 18.21 17.80 17.40 17.05 16.63 16.25 15.74 15.43 15.06 14.73 14.46 14.17 13.87 13.60 13.32 13.05 12.79 −27.12 −25.62 −24.15 −23.53 −22.91 −22.17 −21.69 −21.38 −21.05 −20.73 −20.25 −20.31 −19.87 −19.74 −19.57 −19.29 −19.47 −19.31 −19.42 −19.14 −18.94 −18.82 −18.72 −18.39 −18.42 −18.39 −18.28 0.22 0.22 0.24 0.29 0.31 0.35 0.39 0.40 0.43 0.45 0.48 0.50 0.53 0.55 0.58 0.60 0.70 0.71 0.75 0.76 0.77 0.79 0.82 0.83 0.85 0.87 0.90 0.216 0.172 0.187 0.165 0.154 0.147 0.123 0.147 0.101 0.123 0.110 0.099 0.098 0.084 0.091 0.091 0.062 0.097 0.072 0.077 0.073 0.072 0.074 0.067 0.081 0.065 0.073 30.148 32.121 33.991 30.128 30.965 28.906 27.898 29.995 28.540 30.955 28.684 31.716 28.687 29.766 28.363 29.501 23.586 23.790 23.253 22.510 23.451 23.454 22.247 22.392 22.221 21.203 20.866 4.76 4.31 3.85 3.41 2.98 2.68 2.42 2.21 2.00 1.90 1.73 1.64 1.53 1.42 1.38 1.29 1.03 0.98 0.91 0.86 0.88 0.87 0.83 0.81 0.77 0.76 0.73 8.17 6.98 5.40 4.44 3.81 3.30 2.83 2.54 2.14 1.90 1.78 1.56 1.42 1.27 1.15 1.07 0.76 0.73 0.66 0.62 0.56 0.53 0.46 0.43 0.40 0.39 0.34 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000 7500 8000 12.68 11.57 10.73 10.03 9.38 8.78 8.25 7.87 7.36 7.11 11.67 10.53 9.69 8.88 8.10 7.36 6.65 5.97 5.23 4.58 −17.99 −17.15 −16.96 −16.54 −16.31 −15.91 −15.79 −15.47 −15.38 −15.13 0.97 0.99 1.04 1.05 1.07 1.06 1.07 1.03 1.03 0.95 0.065 0.064 0.062 0.059 0.061 0.058 0.058 0.060 0.057 0.058 19.807 20.243 18.996 19.180 19.004 19.223 18.693 22.385 21.970 0.75 0.82 0.85 0.96 1.08 1.17 1.33 1.57 1.72 1.98 0.26 0.21 0.19 0.20 0.21 0.24 0.27 0.34 0.41 0.55 12.07 11.35 10.60 10.08 9.56 9.69 9.30 Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 9 NE52118 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS (UNIT: mm) 1 0.3 +0.1 –0.05 4 0.3 0.9 ± 0.1 0.4 +0.1 –0.05 0 to 0.1 (1.3) 3 0.3 +0.1 –0.05 (1.25) 0.60 0.65 2 V41 2.0 ± 0.2 0.3 +0.1 –0.05 2.1 ± 0.2 1.25 ± 0.1 0.15+0.1 –0.05 PIN CONNECTIONS 1. Emitter 2. Base 3. Emitter 4. Collector 10 Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 NE52118 PRECAUTION Avoid high static voltage and electric fields. RECOMMENDED SOLDERING CONDITIONS This product should be soldered under the following recommended conditions. For soldering methods and conditions other than those recommended below, contact your NEC sales representative. Soldering Method Soldering Conditions Recommended Condition Symbol Infrared Reflow Package peak temperature: 230 °C or below Time: 30 seconds or less (at 210 °C) Note Count: 3, Exposure limit: None IR30-00-3 VPS Package peak temperature: 215 °C or below Time: 40 seconds or less (at 200 °C) Note Count: 2, Exposure limit: None VP15-00-2 Wave Soldering Soldering bath temperature: 260 °C or below Time: 10 seconds or less Note Count: 1, Exposure limit: None WS60-00-1 Partial Heating Pin temperature: 300 °C Time: 3 seconds or less (per side of device) Note Exposure limit: None – Note After opening the dry pack, keep it in a place below 25 °C and 65 % RH for the allowable storage period. Caution Do not use different soldering methods together (except for partial heating). For details of recommended soldering conditions for surface mounting, refer to information document SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE MOUNTING TECHNOLOGY MANUAL (C10535E). Preliminary Data Sheet P14544EJ1V0DS00 11 NE52118 CAUTION The Great Care must be taken in dealing with the devices in this guide. The reason is that the material of the devices is GaAs (Gallium Arsenide), which is designated as harmful substance according to the law concerned. Keep the law concerned and so on, especially in case of removal. • The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Before using this document, please confirm that this is the latest version. • No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written consent of NEC Corporation. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document. • NEC Corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from use of such device. No license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC Corporation or others. • Descriptions of circuits, software, and other related information in this document are provided for illustrative purposes in semiconductor product operation and application examples. The incorporation of these circuits, software, and information in the design of the customer's equipment shall be done under the full responsibility of the customer. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any losses incurred by the customer or third parties arising from the use of these circuits, software, and information. • While NEC Corporation has been making continuous effort to enhance the reliability of its semiconductor devices, the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage or injury to persons or property arising from a defect in an NEC semiconductor device, customers must incorporate sufficient safety measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features. • NEC devices are classified into the following three quality grades: "Standard", "Special", and "Specific". The Specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a customer designated "quality assurance program" for a specific application. The recommended applications of a device depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of each device before using it in a particular application. Standard: Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial robots Special: Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support) Specific: Aircraft, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support systems or medical equipment for life support, etc. The quality grade of NEC devices is "Standard" unless otherwise specified in NEC's Data Sheets or Data Books. If customers intend to use NEC devices for applications other than those specified for Standard quality grade, they should contact an NEC sales representative in advance. M7 98. 8