NEC NL128102AC23-02A

DATA SHEET
TFT COLOR LCD MODULE
NL128102AC23-02A
39 cm (15.4 inches), 1280 × 1024 pixels, Full-color,
Multi-scan Function
Incorporated backlight with inverter
DESCRIPTION
NL128102AC23-02A is a TFT (thin film transistor) active matrix color liquid crystal display (LCD) comprising
amorphous silicon TFT attached to each signal electrode, a driving circuit and a backlight. NL128102AC23-02A
has a built-in backlight with an inverter.
The 39 cm (15.4 inches) diagonal display area contains 1280 × 1024 pixels and can display full-color (more than
16 million colors simultaneously). Also, it has multi-scan function.
NL128102AC23-02A is a model which mounted the CRT interface board on NL128102AC23-02.
FEATURES
• Wide viewing angle (with retardation film)
• High luminance (200 cd/m2, TYP.)
• CRT interface board
• Low reflection
• Auto recognition of input signal (Analog RGB signals, Synchronous signals (Hsync, Vsync, Composite))
• Digital control: e.g., Brightness, Display position, contrast, CLK delay
• Free supply voltage sequence
TM
• Corresponding to DDC 1 and DDC2B
• Corresponding to VESATM, DPMSTM
• On Screen Display
Regarding the use of OSD, please note that there is possibility of conflicts with a patent in Europe and the
U.S. Thus, if such conflict might happen when you use OSD, we shall not be responsible for any trouble.
• Multi-scan function: e.g., SXGA, XGA, SVGA, VGA, VGA-TEXT, MAC
• Incorporated edge type backlight with an inverter (Four lamps into two lamp holders)
• Lamp holder replaceable
VESA : Video Electronics Standards Association
DDC1 : Display Data Channel 1
DPMS: Display Power Management Signaling
DDC2B : Display Data Channel 2B
All trademarks used within this document are the property of their respective owners. VESA, DDC, DPMS and
EDID are trademarks of the Video Electronics Standard Association.
APPLICATIONS
• Desk-top type of PC
• Engineering work station
The information in this document is subject to change without notice.
Document No. EN0427EJ1V0DS00 (1st edition)
Date Published February 1999 P
Printed in Japan
©
1999
NL128102AC23-02A
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS
A color TFT (thin film transistor) LCD module is comprised of a TFT liquid crystal panel structure, LSIs for driving
the TFT array, and a backlight assembly. The TFT panel structure is created by sandwiching liquid crystal material
in the narrow gap between a TFT array glass substrate and a color filter glass substrate. After the driver LSIs are
connected to the panel, the backlight assembly is attached to the backside of the panel.
RGB (red, green, blue) data signals from a source system is modulated into a form suitable for active matrix
addressing by the onboard signal processor and sent to the driver LSIs which in turn addresses the individual TFT
cells.
Acting as an electro-optical switch, each TFT cell regulates light transmission from the backlight assembly when
activated by the data source. By regulating the amount of light passing through the array of red, green, and blue
dots, color images are created with clarity.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
LCD module
I/F Board
R
G
B
LEDON
LEDOFF
LED00 to 12
SEL
UP
DOWN
EXIT
VOLSEL
OSDSEL
MENUSEL
DDCCLK
DDCDAT
WPRT
BRTVOL
VDD
(+12 V)
AMP
Sync.
Division
PLL
AIF
AMP
CLK
Timing
Controller
OSD
Sync.
Serial
Controller
(Signal
recognition)
POWER
H-driver
ON/OFF
DC/DC
converter
3840 lines
VDD
LCD panel
V-driver
Hsync/Csync
Vsync
R
G
B
GND
DC/DC
converter
1024 lines
H: 1280 × 3 (R,G,B)
V: 1024
Luminance
(on/off)
VDDB
(+12 V)
Inverter
GNDB
Note Neither GND nor GNDB is connected to Frame.
2
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
Backlight
NL128102AC23-02A
OUTLINE OF CHARACTERISTICS (at room temperature)
Display area
305.28 (H) × 244.224 (V) mm
Drive system
a-Si TFT active matrix
Display colors
Full-color
Number of pixels
1280 × 1024 pixels
Pixel arrangement
RGB vertical stripe
Pixel pitch
0.2385 (H) × 0.2385 (V) mm
Module size
350.0 (H) × 284.8 (V) × 26.0 (max.) (D) mm
Weight
1700 g (TYP.)
Contrast ratio
200 : 1 (TYP.)
Viewing angle (more than the contrast ratio of 10 : 1)
Horizontal : 60° (TYP., left side, right side)
Vertical
Color gamut
: 50° (TYP., up side), 45° (TYP., down side)
59% (TYP., at center, to NTSC)
Response time
7 ms (TYP.), white to black
Luminance
2
200 cd/m (TYP.)
Signal system
Analog RGB signals, Synchronous signals (Hsync and Vsync or Composite),
CLK
Supply voltages
12 V (Logic/LCD driving), 12 V (Backlight)
Backlight
Edge light type: Four cold cathode fluorescent lamps with an inverter
[Replaceable parts]
• Lamp holder: type No. 154LHS02
• Inverter: type No. 154PW021
Power consumption
28.8 W (TYP.)
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
3
NL128102AC23-02A
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
Item
Specification
Unit
Module size
350.0 ± 0.6 (H) × 284.8 ± 0.6 (V) × 26.0 (MAX.) (D)
mm
Display area
305.28 (H) × 244.224 (V)
mm
Number of dots
1280 × 3 (H) × 1024 (V)
dot
Number of pixels
1280 (H) × 1024 (V)
pixel
Dot pitch
0.0795 (H) × 0.2385 (V)
mm
Pixel pitch
0.2385 (H) × 0.2385 (V)
mm
Pixel arrangement
RGB (Red, Green, Blue) vertical stripe
Display colors
full color
Weight
1760 (MAX.)
–
color
g
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Parameter
Symbol
Rating
Unit
VDD
–0.3 to +14
V
VDDB
–0.3 to +14
V
Logic input voltage
VIN1
–0.3 to +5.5
V
R,G,B input voltage
VIN2
–6.0 to +6.0
V
CLK input voltage
VIN3
–7.0 to +7.0
V
Storage temp.
TST
–20 to + 60
°C
Operating temp.
TOP
0 to +50
°C
Supply voltage
Humidity
Ta = 25°C
Ta = 25°C
VDD = 12 V
–
Module surface
≤ 95% relative humidity
Ta ≤ 40°C
≤ 85% relative humidity
40 < Ta ≤ 50°C
Absolute humidity shall not exceed Ta = 50°C, 85%
relative humidity level.
Ta > 50°C
Note Measured at the LCD panel
4
Remarks
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
Note
No condensation
NL128102AC23-02A
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(1) Logic, LCD driving, Backlight
Ta = 25°C
Parameter
Symbol
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
Unit
VDDB
11.4
12.0
12.6
V
for backlight
VDD
11.4
12.0
12.6
V
for logic and LCD driving
Logic input Low voltage
VIL
0
–
0.8
V
Logic input High voltage
VIH
2.0
–
5.25
V
Hsync/Csync, Vsync, SEL, UP,
DOWN, EXIT, VOLSEL, DDCDAT,
DDCCLK, OSDSEL, WPRT,
MENUSEL
Logic output Low voltage
VOL
–
–
0.4
V
DDCDAT
Logic output High voltage
VOH
2.4
–
–
V
Logic input Low current 1
IiL1
–1
–
–
µA
Logic input High current 1
IiH1
–
–
1
µA
Logic input Low current 2
IiL2
–
–
1
µA
Logic input High current 2
IiH2
–1
–
–
µA
Supply current
IDD
–
1000
1500
mA
Supply voltage
IDDB
Remarks
Hsync/Csync, Vsync
DDCDAT
for LCD driving
VDD = 12.0 V
Note
–
50
65
mA
Power saving mode, VDD = 12.0 V
Note
–
1400
1600
mA
for back light
VDDB = 12.0 V
–
1
10
mA
Power saving mode, VDDB = 12.0 V
Note Pixel checkered pattern
(2) Video signal (R,G,B) input
Ta = 25°C
Item
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
Unit
Remarks
0
(black)
0.7
(white)
*A
Vp-p
Need to adjust contrast if input more
0.7 Vp-p
DC input level (black)
–0.5
–
+2.5
V
–
Sync. level
0.2
0.3
*B
Vp-p
–
–
1.1
Vp-p
Maximum amplitude (white - black)
*A + *B
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
G terminal
(Sync. On Green)
–
5
NL128102AC23-02A
POWER SUPPLY DESIGN
(1) Please note that the supply voltage must not be applied while the control signals (SEL, UP, DOWN, EXIT,
BRT+ and BRT–) are connected to GND. Otherwise the module may cause malfunction.
(2) If the power supply voltage is applied while UP and DOWN are connected to GND, the input control signals
become ineffective. In this case, please turn off the power once and turn on the power while UP and DOWN are
connected to GND again.
(3) Inverter current wave
Inverter current wave is as follows.
1400 (mA)
0 (A)
Duty
Luminance control frequency
Maximum luminance control: 100%
Minimum luminance control: 20%
Luminance control frequency = Input Vsync frequency × K
Input Vsync frequency ≤ 75 Hz: K = 4.6
Input Vsync frequency > 75 Hz: K = 3.6
(4) Ripple of supply voltage
VDD
(for logic and LCD driver)
VDDB
(for backlight)
≤ 100 mVp-p
≤ 200 mVp-p
Acceptable range
Remark The acceptable range of ripple voltage includes spike noise.
Example of the power supply connection
a) Separate the power supply
6
Power
VDD
Power
VDDB
b) Put the filter
Power
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
Filter*
VDD
Filter*
VDDB
NL128102AC23-02A
INTERFACE PIN CONNECTION
(1) Interface signals, power supply
CN101
Part No.
: MRF03-6R-SMT
Adaptable socket : MRF03-6P-1.27 (For cable type) or MRF03-6PR-SMT (For board to board type)
Supplier
: HIROSE ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
Pin No.
Symbol
Pin No.
Symbol
1
B
4
Vsync
2
G
5
Hsync/Csync
3
R
6
N.C. Note
Figure from socket view
1
2
· · · · · ·
5
6
Note N.C. (No connection) should be open.
CN102
Part No.
: IL-Z-4PL-SMTY
Adaptable socket : IL-Z-4S-S125C3
Supplier
: Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Limited (JAE)
Pin No.
Symbol
Pin No.
Symbol
1
DDCCLK
3
MENUSEL
2
DDCDAT
4
GND
Figure from socket view
4
3
2
1
CN103
Part No.
: DF14A-25P-1.25H
Adaptable socket : DF14-25S-1.25C
Supplier
: HIROSE ELECTRIC CO., LTD. (coaxial type)
Pin No.
Symbol
Pin No.
Symbol
1
LEDON
14
EXIT
2
LEDOFF
15
GND
3
GND
16
BRTVOL
4
LED00
17
GND
5
LED01
18
VOLSEL
6
LED02
19
OSDSEL
7
LED10
20
WPRT
8
LED11
21
TEST1
9
LED12
22
TEST2
10
GND
23
GND
11
SEL
24
TEST3
12
UP
25
TEST4
13
DOWN
Figure from socket view
1 2
· · · · 24 25
Note TEST1 to 4 should be open.
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
7
NL128102AC23-02A
CN104
Part No.
: IL-Z-8PL-SMTY
Adaptable socket : IL-Z-8S-S125C3
Supplier
: Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Limited (JAE)
Pin No.
Symbol
Pin No.
Symbol
1
VDD
5
GND
2
VDD
6
GND
3
VDD
7
GND
4
VDD
8
GND
Figure from socket view
8
7
· · · · ·
2
1
CN201
Part No.
: IL-Z-11PL1-SMTY
Adaptable socket : IL-Z-11S-S125C3
Supplier
: Japan Aviation Electronics Industry Limited (JAE)
Pin No.
Symbol
Pin No.
Symbol
1
VDDB
7
N.C.
2
VDDB
8
N.C.
3
VDDB
9
N.C.
4
GNDB
10
N.C.
5
GNDB
11
N.C.
6
GNDB
Figure from socket view
11 10
Note N.C. (No connection) should be open.
<Connector location>
Rear view
1
CN101
6
3
1
CN201
1
1
11
CN102
CN103
25
8
CN104
1
8
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
· · · · ·
2
1
NL128102AC23-02A
(2) Pin function
Symbol
I/O
Logic
Description
Hsync/
Csync
Input
Negative
Horizontal synchronous signal input or composite synchronous signal input
(TTL level) , Positive/Negative auto recognition
Vsync
Input
Negative
Vertical synchronous signal input (TTL level)
Positive/Negative auto recognition, Clock input for DDC1
R
Input
–
Red video signal input (0.7 Vp-p, 75 Ω)
G
Input
–
Green video signal input (0.7 Vp-p, 75 Ω)
B
Input
–
Blue video signal input (0.7 Vp-p, 75 Ω)
SEL
Input
Negative
Control function select signal (TTL level)
SEL is pulled up in the module.
Detail of the functions are mentioned in CONTROL FUNCTIONS.
High or open: SEL off, Low: SEL on
UP
Input
Negative
Control signal (TTL level)
The signal increases the value of the functions selected.
UP is pulled up in tha module.
High or open: UP off, Low: UP on
DOWN
Input
Negative
Control signal (TTL level)
The signal decreases the value of the functions selected.
DOWN is pulled up in the module.
High or open: DOWN off, Low : Down on
EXIT
Input
Negative
Control signal (TTL level)
The signal initializes the selected function.
EXIT is pulled up in the module.
High or open: EXIT off, Low: EXIT on
OSDSEL
Input
–
Display select signal
OSDSEL is pulled up in the module.
“H or open”: OSD display off (light on LED)
“L”: OSD display on (light off LED)
Details of the functions are mentioned in CONTROL FUNCTIONS
MENUSEL
Input
–
OSD design select signal
MENUSEL is pulled up in the module.
“H or open”: OSD display No.2
“L”: OSD display No.1(Transparent background)
Detail of the functions are mentioned in OSD DESIGN SELECT
BRTVOL
Input
–
Volume luminance control
Detail of the functions are mentioned in LUMINANCE CONTROL
SELECTION
VOLSEL
Input
–
Luminance control select signal
VOLSEL is pulled up in the module.
Details of the functions are mentioned in LUMINANCE CONTROL
SELECTION
DDCCLK
Input
Positive
CLK for DDC2B
DDCDAT
Input/
Output
Positive
Data for DDC1/2B
read/write
LEDON
Output
Positive
Indicator for LED power on
“H”: LED select, “L”: Other status
LEDOFF
Output
Positive
Indicator for power save mode
“H”: power save mode select, “L”: Other status
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
9
NL128102AC23-02A
Symbol
I/O
Logic
LED00
Output
Positive
LED01
Output
Positive
LED02
Output
Positive
LED10
Output
Negative
LED11
Output
Negative
LED12
Output
Negative
WPRT
Input
Positive
Select signal for DDC
“open”: Reading mode, “L”: Writing mode
Output
Positive
Reserve. TEST 1 to 4 should be open.
VDD
–
–
Power supply for Logic and LCD driving +12 V (±5 %)
VDDB
–
–
Power supply for backlight. +12 V (±5 %)
GND
–
–
Ground for system. Signal ground for logic/LCD driving
GNDB
–
–
Ground for backlight. GNDB is not connected to the module GND (FG).
TEST1 to 4
Description
See detail of EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT FOR LEDS and CONTROL
FUNCTIONS
Remark Frame ground, system ground and backlight ground are not connected into the module.
(3) LUMINANCE CONTROL SELECTION
VOLSEL=
“L”
“Open”
Form
Digital adjust
Volume adjust
How to adjust
See CONTROL FUNCTIONS
The variable resistor for luminance control should be 10
kΩ type, and zero point of the resistor corresponds to the
minimum of luminance.
BRTVOL
GND
R
Maximum luminance (100%): R = 10 KΩ
Minimum luminance (30%): R = 0 Ω
Mating variable resistor: 10 KΩ ±5%,
B curve, 1/10 W
Note The status of VOLSEL is valid when the power is switched on.
(4) FUNCTION DISPLAY SELECT
OSDSEL=
“L”
“Open”
Form
OSD Display
LED Dispaly
How to adjust
See CONTROL FUNCTIONS
See Example of LED circuit. (Next page)
Note The status of OSDSEL is valid when the power is switched on.
OSD
Regarding the use of OSD, please note that there is possibility of conflicts with a patent in Europe and the U.S.
Thus, if such conflict might happen when you use OSD, we shall not be responsible for any trouble.
10
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
(5) OSD DESIGN SELECT
MENUSEL=
“L”
“Open”
Form
OSD display No. 1
OSD display No. 2
See CONTROL FUNCTIONS
(OSD background is
transparent)
How to adjust
See CONTROL FUNCTIONS
Note The status of MENUSEL is valid when the power is switched on.
(6) Equivalent circuit
Symbol
LEDON
LEDOFF
LED00
LED01
LED02
I/O
Output
Equivalent circuit
RN2306 (Toshiba)
or equivalent
Output
LED10
LED11
LED12
Output
N-ch Open Drain Output
Output
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
11
NL128102AC23-02A
<Recommendation circuit diagram>
Input
LCD module
Output
R (330 Ω)
CN103
Two color LED
LEDON
LEDOFF
R (330 Ω)
SEL
LED1
UP
LED00
R (330 Ω)
DOWN
LED2
EXIT
LED3
VOLSEL
LED4
OSDSEL
LED01
R (330 Ω)
LED5
LED6
LED7
LED02
R (330 Ω)
LED8
LED9
LED10
LED11
LED12
<LED status>
LED1: Brightness
LED2: Contrast
LED3: Horizontal display period
LED4: CLK delay
LED5: Vertical position
LED6: Horizontal position
LED7: Reserve
LED8: All reset
LED9: Reserve
12
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
INPUT SYNCHRONOUS SIGNAL
This module can recognize the synchronous signals automatically as follows.
Synchronous signal
Auto recognition mode
Separate synchronous signal mode (Hsync, Vsync)
Composite synchronous signal mode (CS)
Sync. On Green mode
Note
Power save mode
HS/CS
Vsync
Sync. On Green
Input
Input
Input or no input
Input (CS)
No input
Input or no input
No input
No input
Input
No input
No input
No input
No input
Input
Input or no input
Input (HS)
No input
Input or no input
CONTROL FUNCTIONS
FUNCTION ITEMS
(1) The function for OSD or LED
1. Brightness
: Control luminance of backlight
2. Contrast
: Control white-level of video signal
3. Horizontal display period
: Adjust horizontal display period
4. CLK delay
: Adjust CLK-phase
5. Vertical position
: Adjust vertical position
6. Horizontal position
: Adjust horizontal position
7. ALL RESET
: Reset to factory-default value
(2) The function for OSD
1. Sub Brightness
: Brightness with each video signal Control
2. Sub Contrast
: white-level with each video signal Control
3. Video signal information
: Display multi-scan function, Hsync and Vsync frequency
Each selected value is memorized into LCD memory after SEL signal input or time out. The memorized value is
not affected even if the power is turned off. But the selected value is not memorized in case that a selected mode is
changed another one before time out or power is turned off before time out.
Regarding the luminance, the luminance value can not be memorized while the variable volume resistor is
selected.
This function does not work while the power save mode.
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
13
NL128102AC23-02A
INDICATOR OF THE FUNCTIONS
The selected functions can be indicated either LED or OSD (On Screen Display) by setting OSDSEL signal.
OSDSEL = “H or “OPEN”: LED
OSDSEL = “L”
: OSD
LED state show below table. Please see the recommendation circuit diagram.
Selection function
LED00
LED01
LED02
LED10
LED11
LED12
Default (no-select condition)
L
L
L
H
H
H
Brightness
H
L
L
L
H
H
Contrast
H
L
L
H
L
H
Horizontal display period
H
L
L
H
H
L
CLK delay
L
H
L
L
H
H
Vertical position
L
H
L
H
L
H
Horizontal position
L
H
L
H
H
L
Reserve (No use)
L
L
H
L
H
H
All reset
L
L
H
H
L
H
Reserve (no-use)
L
L
H
H
H
L
SELECTION BY OSD
The following pictures appear on the screen by pushing the SEL key. Adjust the each value in best position by
pushing UP and DOWN key.
1) Menu
14
2) Brightness and Sub Brightness
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
3) Contrast and Sub Contract
4) Horizontal display period, Clock delay, Vertical
display position and Horizontal display position
5) Information
6) All Reset
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
15
NL128102AC23-02A
FLOW CHART OF CONTROL FUNCTIONS FOR SEL, UP, DOWN AND EXIT
(LED)
Power ON/Power save cancel
START (Stand-by mode)
UP/DOWN
EXIT
SEL
VOLSEL
=L
Yes
Brightness (Luminance)
SEL
No
EXIT
Initialize
Time out
Yes
Contrast
SEL
EXIT
Initialize
Time out
UP/
DOWN
+ Or –
No
Yes
Horizontal display period
SEL
EXIT
Initialize
Time out
UP/
DOWN
+ Or –
No
Yes
16
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
No
UP/
DOWN
+ Or –
NL128102AC23-02A
CLK delay
SEL
EXIT
Initialize
Time out
UP/
DOWN
+ Or –
No
Yes
Vertical display position
SEL
EXIT
Initialize
Time out
UP/
DOWN
+ Or –
No
Yes
Horizontal display position
SEL
EXIT
Initialize
Time out
UP/
DOWN
+ Or –
No
Yes
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
17
NL128102AC23-02A
All reset
EXIT
SEL
UP/
DOWN
All Initialize
Time out
No
Yes
Note
1. The value of the selected signals by UP and DOWN key is continuously incremented if the input
signal is held more than approx. one second. If it’s less than one second, the value is incremented by
one.
2. EXIT signal initializes the value selected by SEL key. All reset function initializes all the values
adjusted already.
3. No key input for more than ten seconds shall be regarded “Time out”.
18
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
<OSD display>
Power ON/Power save cancel
Start (Stand-by mode)
SEL/UP/DOWN/EXIT
Menu open
NO
SEL
Brightness adjust display to <1>
Brightness
EXIT
Time out
EXIT
UP
DOWN
NO
SEL
Contrast adjust display to <2>
Contrast
EXIT
Time out
Position adjust display to <3>
DOWN
Position
NO
Time out
Display information
DOWN
Information
NO
Time out
YES
EXIT
UP
DOWN
NO
SEL
All Reset adjust display to <4>
All Reset
EXIT
YES
EXIT
UP
SEL
EXIT
YES
EXIT
UP
SEL
EXIT
YES
Time out
YES
EXIT
UP
DOWN
Menu close
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
19
NL128102AC23-02A
<Brightness adjustment>
Brightness menu open
SEL
Brightness
Brightness select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Sub Brt. W select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Sub Brt. R select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Sub Brt. G select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Sub Brt. B select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Contrast select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Sub Contrast R select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Sub Contrast G select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Sub Contrast B select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Sub Brt. W
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Sub Brt. R
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Sub Brt. G
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Sub Brt. B
EXIT
<Contrast adjustment>
Contrast menu open
SEL
Contrast
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Sub Contrast R
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Sub Contrast G
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Sub Contrast B
EXIT
20
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
<Position adjustment>
Position menu open
SEL
H. Size
H. Size select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
Clock phase select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
H. Position select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
V. Position select
UP/
DOWN
+ or –
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
Clock phase
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
H. Position
EXIT
UP
DOWN
SEL
V. Position
EXIT
UP
UP/
DOWN
DOWN
SEL
Yes/No select
Reset menu open
Reset
EXIT
EXIT
SEL
Yes or No
<All Reset>
Reset menu open
UP/DOWN
Yes/No select
EXIT
SEL
Yes or No
Notes 1. The value of the selected signals by UP and DOWN key is continuously incremented if the input
signal is held more than approx. one second. If it’s less than one second, the value is incremented by
one.
2. EXIT signal initializes the value selected by SEL key. All reset function initializes all the values
adjusted already.
3. No key input for more than ten seconds shall be regarded “Time out”.
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
21
NL128102AC23-02A
PRESET TIMINGNS
The 19 kinds of timings below are already programmed in this module. The input synchronous signals are
automatically recognized.
Sync
V
H
H P uls e
B. Porch
B . P o r c h Logic V,
(D O T C L K )
(V)
(D O T C L K) H
No.
Display size
Vsync
(Hz)
Hsync
(kHz)
Dot CLK
(MHz)
V Pulse
(H)
1
640 × 480
59.992
31.469
25.175
2
33
96
48
–, –
VGA
2
720 × 400
70.087
31.469
28.322
2
35
108
45
+, –
VGA TXT
3
800 × 600
60.317
37.879
40.000
4
23
128
88
+, +
VESA
4
640 × 480
66.667
35.000
30.240
3
39
64
96
SonG
type A
5
640 × 480
75.000
37.500
31.500
3
16
64
120
–, –
VESA
6
720 × 400
85.039
37.927
35.500
3
42
36
144
+, –
VESA
Note 1
7
640 × 480
85.008
43.269
36.000
3
25
48
112
–, –
VESA
Note 1
8
1024 × 768
60.004
48.363
65.000
6
29
136
160
–, –
VESA
9
800 × 600
75.000
46.875
49.500
3
21
80
160
+, +
VESA
10
832 × 624
74.565
49.735
57.283
3
39
64
224
SonG
type A
11
800 × 600
85.061
53.674
56.250
3
27
64
152
+, +
VESA
12
1024 × 768
70.069
56.476
75.000
6
29
136
144
–, –
VESA
13
1024 × 768
75.029
60.023
78.750
3
28
96
176
–, –
VESA
14
1280 × 1024
60.020
63.981
108.000
3
38
112
248
+, +
VESA
15
1152 × 900
60.003
61.846
94.500
4
31
128
208
CS(–)
SUN
Note 1
16
1024 × 768
77.068
62.040
84.375
4
31
128
176
CS(–)
SUN
Note 1
17
1280 × 1024
67.189
71.691
117.000
8
33
112
224
CS(–)
SUN
18
1152 × 900
76.149
71.809
108.000
8
33
128
192
CS(–)
SUN
19
1280 × 1024
75.025
79.976
135.000
3
38
144
248
+, +
VESA
Note
Remark
Macintosh
Macintosh
Note 1
Note 1
1. Out of specification. These modes are less display quality than other guaranteed modes.
Even if the preset timing is entered, a little adjustment of the functions such as Horizontal period,
CLK-delay and display position, are required. The adjusted values are memorized in every preset
No.
This module recognizes the synchronous signals with near preset timing of the frequency of Hsync,
Vsync, even in the case that the signals other than the preset timing that were entered. For instance,
it is displayed with presetting number 5 in the case of 640 × 480 dot, Hsync: 37.861 kHz, Vsync:
72.809 Hz an example).
Adopt the evaluation, because adjustment may not fit, in the case that the magnifying ratio differs, in
the case that you use it with except for the display timing that was preset.
22
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
Note
2. Sync on Green signal type
(1) SonG type A
There are no Hsync pulses in Vsync Period.
Display level
Sync level
Vsync
<1>
<2>
<3>
<2>
<1>
(2) SonG type B
There are Hsync pulses in Vsync Period.
<4>
Vsync
Display level
Sync level
<1>
<2>
<3>
<2>
<1>
<1> Display level, <2> Black level period, <3> Vsync period, <4> Hsync pulse (equivalent)
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
23
NL128102AC23-02A
DDC FUNCTION
The usage of this function is based on VESATM, DDCTM and EDIDTM.
• How to set up by WPRT signal
• Writing mode: WPRT = GND
• Reading mode: WPRT = Open
Remark All trademarks used within this document are the property of their respective owners. VESA, DDC,
DPMS, and EDID are trademarks of the Video Electronics Standard Association.
In the writing mode, LEDON and LEDOFF signals output alternately “H” and “L”, and LEDs blink alternately.
Please write data into necessary addresses in advance, when you use this function. Data “55H” is set in the
address “00H” when the module is shipped. The input equivalent circuit diagram is as follows.
[Internal circuit diagram]
Micro-controller
WPRT
VCLK
WP
Vsync
DDCCLK
SCL
DDCDAT
SDA
Product: Microchip Technology Inc.
24LCS21
or equivalent
DPMS
This function is corresponding to VESA DPMSTM Standard.
VESA DPMS Standard
NL128102AC23-02A
Signal
State
Power saving
Horizontal
Vertical
Recovery time
Power saving
Video
Recovery
time
On
Pulses
Pulses
Active
None
Not applicable
None
Not
applicable
Stand-by
No pulses
Pulses
Blanked
Minimum
Short
Maximum
Short
Suspend
Pulses
No pulses
Blanked
Substantial
Longer
Maximum
Short
Off
No pulses
No pulses
Blanked
Maximum
System dependent
Maximum
Short
24
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
INPUT SIGNAL TIMING
(1) SXGA Mode (Standard)
Name
CLK
Symbol
MIN.
TYP.
MAX.
Unit
Frequency
1/tc
95.0
–
108.0
9.3
135.0
–
MHz
ns
Rise/Fall
tcrf
–
–
10
ns
–
tc/tcl
0.4
0.5
0.6
–
–
Period
th
12.3
–
15.630
1688
17.0
–
µs
CLK
63.981 kHz (TYP.)
Display
thd
–
–
11.852
1280
–
–
µs
CLK
–
Front-porch
thf
–
10
0.444
48
–
–
µs
CLK
–
Pulse-width
thp
–
16
1.037
112
–
–
µs
CLK
–
Back-porch
thb
1.0
94
2.296
248
–
–
µs
CLK
Note
Pulse-width
+Back-porch
thbp
1.8
–
–
µs
–
V-Hsync
hold/setup time
thvh
4
–
–
CLK
–
thvs
1
–
–
CLK
–
Rise/Fall
thrf
–
–
10
ns
–
Period
tv
13.3
–
16.661
1066
18.5
–
ms
H
60.020 Hz (TYP.)
Display
tvd
–
–
16.005
1024
–
–
ms
H
–
Front-porch
tvf
–
1
0.016
1
–
–
ms
H
–
Pulse-width
tvp
–
2
0.047
3
–
–
ms
H
–
Back-porch
tvb
–
5
0.594
38
–
–
ms
H
–
Pulse-width
Hsync
Vsync
Remark
SXGA standard
Note Minimum value of Back-porch (thb) must be satisfied with both 1.0 µs and 44 CLK.
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
25
NL128102AC23-02A
tv
tvp
Vsync
tvb
tvf
tvd
Display period
th
thp
Hsync
thf
thb
thd
thbp
Display period
ViH
Vsync
thvh
Hsync
26
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
thvs
NL128102AC23-02A
INPUT SIGNAL AND DISPLAY POSITION
(1) SXGA Standard Timing
Pixels
D (0, 0)
D (0, 1)
D (0, 2)
•••
•••
D (0, 1279)
D (1, 0)
D (1, 1)
D (1, 2)
•••
•••
D (1, 1279)
D (2, 0)
D (2, 1)
D (2, 2)
•••
•••
D (2, 1279)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
D (1023, 0)
D (1023, 1)
D (1023, 2)
tvp
•••
•••
D (1023, 1279)
tvb
Vsync
1 line
Hsync
SXGA mode
(VD = 41)
→ 0
1
2
R
G
B
3
4
5
···
41
42
Invalid
43
Valid
D (0, X), D (1, X), D (2, X)
thp
thb
Hsync
1clk
CLK
SXGA mode
(HD = 360)
R
G
→ 0
1
2
3
4
5
···
Invalid
B
360
361
tda
362
Valid
D (X, 0), D (X, 1), D (X, 2)
Remark The tda should be more than 4 ns.
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
27
NL128102AC23-02A
EXPANSION FUNCTION (REFERENCE)
(1) How to use expansion mode
Expansion mode is a function to expand screen. For example, VGA signal has 640 × 480 pixels. But, if the
display data can expanded to 2.0 times vertically and horizontally,VGA screen image can be displayed fully on
the screen of SXGA resolution.
This LCD module has the function that expands vertical direction as shown in the following table. And
expanding horizontal direction is possible by setting input CLK frequency equivalent to the magnification. It is
necessary to make this CLK outside of this LCD module.
Please adopt this mode after evaluating display quality, because the appearance in the expansion mode is
happened to be relatively bad in some cases.
The followings show the display magnifications for each mode.
Magnification
Input display
Number of pixels
Vertical
Horizontal Note
SXGA
1280 × 1024
1
1
XGA
1024 × 768
1.25
1.25
SVGA
800 × 600
1.6
1.6
VGA
640 × 480
2.0
2.0
VGA text
720 × 400
2.5
1.7
MAC
832 × 624
1.6
1.5
Note The horizontal magnification multiples the input clock (CLK).
Input CLK = system CLK × horizontal magnification.
Example In case of SXGA and VGA, CLK frequency can be decided as follows.
SXGA: (system CLK (108.0 MHz)) × 1.0 = 108.0 MHz.
VGA : (system CLK (25.175 MHz)) × 2.0 = 50.35 MHz.
28
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
(2) Setting serial data for expansion
Input signal
Module serial-data setting
Horizontal
System
CLK
[MHz]
Mode
Hsync
[kHz]
Vsync
[Hz]
Vertical
HSE
Count
Number
[CLK]
DSP
[CLK]
Count
Number
[H]
DSP
[H]
(A)
(B)
−
(C)
HD
Calculation formula
(B) ×
(A) ×
Ver.magni Hor.magni
63.981
71.691
75.120
76.968
78.125
79.976
60.02
67.189
71.204
72.000
72.005
75.025
1688
1632
1664
1690
1728
1688
360
336
352
378
384
392
1066
1067
1055
1069
1085
1066
41
41
28
42
58
41
(A) × 1
(B) × 1
XGA
65*
(1024 × 768) 75*
78.75*
48.363
56.476
60.023
60.004
70.069
75.029
1344
1328
1312
296
280
272
806
806
800
35
35
31
(A) × 1.25
(B) × 1.25
MAC
(832 × 624)
57.283*
49.725
74.5
1152
288
667
42
(A) × 1.5
(B) × 1.5
SVGA
(800 × 600)
36*
40*
50*
49.5*
35.156
37.879
48.077
46.875
56.25
60.317
72.188
75
1024
1056
1040
1056
200
216
184
240
625
628
666
666
24
27
29
24
(A) × 1.6
(B) × 1.6
VGA
(640 × 480)
25.175*
31.5*
31.5*
30.24*
31.469
37.861
37.5
35.0
59.94
72.809
75
66.667
800
832
840
864
144
168
184
160
525
520
500
525
35
31
19
42
(A) × 2.0
(B) × 2.0
VGA text
(720 × 400)
28.322*
31.469
70.087
900
153
449
37
(A) × 1.7
(B) × 1.7
SUN
94.500*
(1152 × 900)
61.845
66.003
1528
336
937
35
(A) × 1.1
(A) × 1.1
SXGA
(1280 ×
1024)
108.0
117.0
125.0
130.076
135.0
135.0
VD
= (C)
= (C)
*: Standard timings (Please set them up properly for correct expansion).
Note
1. DSP = Display Start Period. DSP is total of “pulse-width” and “back-porch”.
2. HD and VD are approximate value. Set HD and VD in case of adjusting display to the screen
center.
3. The pulse-width of Hsync, Vsync and Back-porch are the same as SXGA-mode (Standardmode).
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
29
NL128102AC23-02A
(3) Display Image
1. XGA mode (1024 × 768)
SXGA (1,024 × 1,024)
Horizontal : × 1.25 (1280 pixels)
Vertical : × 1.25 (960 pixels)
Black display area
2. SVGA mode (800 × 600)
SXGA (1,280 × 1,024)
Horizontal : × 1.6 (1,280 pixels)
Vertical : × 1.6 (960 pixels)
Black display area
3. VGA mode (640 × 480)
SXGA (1,280 × 1,024)
Horizontal : × 2.0 (1,280 pixels)
Vertical : × 2.0 (960 pixels)
Black display area
4. VGA text mode (720 × 400)
Horizontal : × 1.7 (1,224 pixels)
Vertical : × 2.5 (1,000 pixels)
SXGA (1,280 × 1,024)
Black display area
5. 832 × 624 MAC mode (832 × 624)
Horizontal : × 1.5 (1,248 pixels)
Vertical : × 1.6 (998 pixels)
SXGA (1,280 × 1,024)
Black display area
30
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
6. SUN mode (1152 × 900)
SXGA (1,280 × 1,024)
Horizontal : × 1.1 (1,152 pixels)
Vertical : × 1.1 (990 pixels)
Black display area
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
31
NL128102AC23-02A
OPTICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(Ta = 25°C, VDD = 12 V, VDDB = 12 V)
Item
Symbol
Luminance
Lvmax
Contrast ratio
CR
Luminance uniformity
–
Condition
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
White
150
200
–
cd/m
White/Black, at center
100
200
–
–
Note 2
–
1.20
1.30
–
Note 3
White
Remark
2
Note 1
Reference data
(Ta = 25°C, VDD = 12 V, VDDB = 12 V)
Item
Symbol
Viewing angle range
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
Remark
50
60
–
deg.
Note 4
50
60
–
deg.
35
50
–
deg.
30
45
–
deg.
θR = 0°, θL = 0°, θU = 0°, θD =
0°, at center, to NTSC
50
59
–
%
–
Ton
White to Black
–
7
12
ms
Note 5
Toff
Black to White
–
37
55
ms
Maximum luminance: 100 %
–
3 0 to 1 0 0
–
%
θR
Condition
CR > 10, θU = 0°, θD = 0°
θL
θU
CR > 10, θR = 0°, θL = 0°
θD
Color gamut
C
Response time
Luminance control
range
−
–
Notes 1. The luminance is measured after 20 minutes from the module works, with all pixels in white. Typical
value is measured after luminance saturation.
Display mode: VESA SXGA - 75 Hz
1°
LCD
Photodetector
(TOPCON BM-5A)
50 cm
2. The contrast ratio is calculated by using the following formula.
Contrast ratio (CR) =
Luminance with all pixels in “white”
Luminance with all pixels in “black”
The Luminance is measured in darkroom.
32
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
3. The luminance is measured at near the five points shown below.
Column
213
640
1067
1
Row
2
3
171
512
4
5
853
4. Definitions of viewing angle are as follows.
Normal
12 o’clock
θ L–
θ D–
Left
θ U+
θ R+
Upper
Right
Lower
5. Definition of response time is as follows.
Photo-detector output signal is measured when the luminance changes “white” to “black”.
Response times are Ton and Toff of the photo-detector output amplitude. Ton is the time between
100 % and 10 %. Toff is the time between 0 % and 90 %.
100 %
White
90 %
Luminance
Display color
10 %
0%
Black
ton
toff
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
Time
33
NL128102AC23-02A
RELIABILITY TEST
Test item
Test condition
High temperature/humidity operation
Note 1
50 ± 2°C, 85% relative humidity
240 hours
Display data is black.
Heat cycle (operation)
Note 1
<1> 0°C ± 3°C ··· 1 hour
55°C ± 3°C ··· 1 hour
<2> 50 cycles, 4 hours/cycle
<3> Display data is black.
Thermal shock (non-operation)
Note 1
<1> –20°C ± 3°C ··· 30 minutes
60°C ± 3°C ··· 30 minutes
<2> 100 cycles
<3> Temperature transition time within 5 minutes
Vibration (non-operation)
Notes 1, 2
<1> 5 - 100 Hz, 2G
1 minute/cycle
X, Y, Z direction
<2> 50 times each direction
Mechanical shock (non-operation)
Notes 1, 2
<1> 30 G, 11 ms
X, Y, Z direction
<2> 3 times each direction
ESD (operation)
Notes 1, 3
150 pF, 150 Ω, ±10 kV
9 places on a panel
10 times each place at one-second intervals
Dust (operation)
Note 1
15 kinds of dust (JIS Z 8901)
Hourly 15 seconds stir, 8 times repeat
Notes 1. Display function is checked by the same condition as LCD module out-going inspection.
2. Physical damage.
3. Discharge points “z” are shown in the figure.
34
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
GENERAL CAUTIONS
Next figures and sentence are very important. Please understand these contents as follows.
CAUTION
This figure is a mark that you will get hurt and/or the module will have damages when you make
a mistake to operate.
This figure is a mark that you will get an electric shock when you make a mistake to operate.
This figure is a mark that you will get hurt when you make a mistake to operate
CAUTION
Do not touch an inverter, on which is stuck a caution label, while the LCD module is under the operation, because
of dangerous high voltage.
(1) Caution when taking out the module
a) Pick the pouch only, in taking out module from a carrier box.
(2) Cautions for handling the module
a) As the electrostatic discharges may break the LCD module, handle the LCD module with care against
electrostatic discharges.
b)
As the LCD panel and backlight element are made from fragile glass material, impulse and
c)
As the surface of polarizer is very soft and easily scratched, use a soft dry cloth without chemicals for
pressure to the LCD module should be avoided.
cleaning.
d) Do not pull the interface connectors in or out while the LCD module is operating.
e) Put the module display side down on that horizontal plane.
f)
Handle connectors and cables with care.
g) When the module is operating, do not lose CLK, Hsync or Vsync signal. If any one of these signals is lost,
the LCD panel would be damaged.
h) The torque to mounting screw should never exceed 0.392 N·m (4 kgf·cm).
(3) Cautions for the atmosphere
a) Dew drop atmosphere should be avoided.
b) Do not store and/or operate the LCD module in a high temperature and/or high humidity atmosphere.
Storage in an electro-conductive polymer packing pouch and under relatively low temperature atmosphere
is recommended.
c)
This module uses cold cathod fluorescent lamps.
Therefore, the life time of lamps becomes short
conspicuously at low temperature.
d) Do not operate the LCD module in a high magnetic field.
(4) Caution for the module characteristics
a) Do not apply fixed pattern data signal for a long time to the LCD module at product aging. Applying fixed
pattern for a long time may cause image sticking.
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
35
NL128102AC23-02A
(5) Other cautions
a) Do not disassemble and/or reassemble LCD module.
b) Do not readjust variable resistors or switches, etc.
c)
When returning the module for repair or etc, please pack the module not to be broken. We recommend to
the original shipping packages.
Liquid Crystal Display has the following specific characteristics. There are not defects or malfunctions.
• The display condition of LCD module may be affected by the ambient temperature.
• The LCD module uses cold cathode tube for backlighting. Optical characteristics, like luminance or
uniformity, will change during time.
• Uneven brightness and/or small spots may be noticed depending on different display patterns.
36
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
NL128102AC23-02A
OUTLINE DRAWING: Front View (Unit: mm)
105.35 ± 0.7
284.8 ± 0.6
5 ± 0.3
8.5 ± 0.2
227.7 ± 0.3
5 ± 0.3
6 ± 0.3
6 ± 0.3
ACTIVE AREA CENTER
247.5 ± 0.3
10 ± 0.3
10 ± 0.3
4– φ 3.5 ± 0.1
18.4 ± 0.3
6 ± 0.3
350 ± 0.6
337.5 ± 0.3
310 ± 0.3
168.75 ± 0.7
ACTIVE AREA 305.28 × 244.224
6 ± 0.3
6 ± 0.3
6.3 ± 0.3
248.9 ± 0.3
6.2 ± 0.3
13.75 ± 0.1
19.1 ± 0.3
31.5 ± 0.3
Remark The torque to mounting screw should never exceed 0.392 · Nm (4 kgf · cm).
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
37
INVERTER
240.2
61.8 ± 1
Material Information
Light gide:>PMMA<
DISPOSAL.
OR REGULATIONS FOR ITS
FOLLOW LOCAL ORDINANCES
134.9 ± 1
Name 154BLM-1
B/L Lot No. Label
214 ± 1
FLUORESCENT LAMPS. PLEASE
69 ± 1
CONTAINS COLD CATHODE
182 ± 1
THE TFT COLOR LCD
CN101
CN102
CN103
5
130
5
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
CN104
CRT I/F
CN8
CN7
CN1
CN9
CN2
CN3
11.9
Printed Circuit
Board
Flexible Printed
Circuit
4–3.4 ± 0.3
4–2.7 ± 0.3
Note: The tolerance of the dimensions that are not shown is ±0.5 mm.
8.4
8.4
21.8
24.6
38
24.6
Remark The torque to mounting screw should never exceed 0.392 · Nm (4 kgf · cm).
10.8
113.7 ± 1
NL128102AC23-02A
OUTLINE DRAWING: Rear View (Unit: mm)
1.2
19.2
(MAX)
1.2
26.0
(MAX)
31 ± 1
21.5
(MAX)
NL128102AC23-02A
[MEMO]
Data Sheet EN0427EJ1V0DS00
39
NL128102AC23-02A
No part of this document may be copied or reproduced in any form or by any means without the prior written
consent of NEC Corporation. NEC Corporation assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in
this document.
NEC Corporation does not assume any liability for infringement of patents. Copyrights or other intellectual
property rights of third parties by or arising from use of a device described herein or any other liability arising from
use of such device. No license, either express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or
other intellectual property rights of NEC Corporation or others.
While NEC Corporation has been making continuous effort to enhance the reliability of its Electronic
Components, the possibility of defects cannot be eliminated entirely. To minimize risks of damage or injury to
persons or property arising from a defect in an NEC Electronic Components, customers must incorporate
sufficient safety measures in its design, such as redundancy, fire-containment, and anti-failure features.
NEC devices are classified into the following three quality grades:
“Standard”, “Special”, and “Specific”. The Specific quality grade applies only to devices developed based on a
customer designated “quality assurance program” for a specific application. The recommended applications of a
device depend on its quality grade, as indicated below. Customers must check the quality grade of each device
before using it in a particular application.
Standard: Computers, office equipment, communications equipment, test and measurement equipment, audio
and visual equipment, home electronic appliances, machine tools, personal electronic equipment and industrial
robots
Special:
Transportation equipment (automobiles, trains, ships, etc.), traffic control systems, anti-disaster
systems, anti-crime systems, safety equipment and medical equipment (not specifically designed for life support)
Specific: Aircrafts, aerospace equipment, submersible repeaters, nuclear reactor control systems, life support
systems or medical equipment for life support, etc.
The quality grade of NEC devices is “Standard” unless otherwise specified in NEC’s Data Sheets or Data Books.
If customers intend to use NEC devices for applications other than those specified for Standard quality grade,
DATA SHEET
they should contact an NEC sales representative in advance.
Anti-radioactive design is not implemented in this product.