BU ® F22 821 BUF22821 SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 Programmable Gamma-Voltage Generator and VCOM Calibrator with Integrated Two-Bank Memory FEATURES • • • • • • • • • • DESCRIPTION 24-CHANNEL GAMMA – 22-CHANNEL PROGRAMMABLE – 2-CHANNEL STATIC GAMMA 2-CHANNEL PROGRAMMABLE VCOM 10-BIT RESOLUTION 16x REWRITABLE NONVOLATILE MEMORY TWO INDEPENDENT MEMORY BANKS RAIL-TO-RAIL OUTPUT LOW SUPPLY CURRENT: 0.5mA/channel SUPPLY VOLTAGE: 9V to 20V DIGITAL SUPPLY: 2V to 5.5V I2C™ INTERFACE APPLICATIONS • TFT-LCD REFERENCE DRIVERS Digital (2.0V to 5.5V) BKSEL Analog (9V to 20V) 1 STATOUTH STATINH AVDD OUT1 The BUF22821 offers 22 programmable gamma channels, two programmable VCOM channels, and two static gamma channels. It is ideal for the new 10-bit source drivers that require 22 gamma channels. The final gamma and VCOM values can be stored in the on-chip, nonvolatile memory. To allow for programming errors or liquid crystal display (LCD) panel rework, the BUF22821 supports up to 16 write operations to the on-chip memory. The BUF22821 has two separate banks of memory, allowing simultaneous storage of two different gamma curves to facilitate switching between gamma curves. All gamma and VCOM channels offer a rail-to-rail output that typically swings to within 100mV of either supply rail with a 10mA load. All channels are programmed using an I2C interface that supports standard operations up to 400kHz and high-speed data transfers up to 3.4MHz. The BUF22821 is manufactured using Texas Instruments’ proprietary, state-of-the-art, high-voltage CMOS process. This process offers very dense logic and high supply voltage operation of up to 20V. The BUF22821 is offered in a HTSSOP-38 PowerPAD™ package. It is specified from –40°C to +85°C. RELATED PRODUCTS DAC Registers ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ ¼ DAC Registers 16x Nonvolatile Memory BANK0 16x Nonvolatile Memory BANK1 OUT2 OUT21 OUT22 STATINL AVDD STATOUTL FEATURES PRODUCT 12-Channel Gamma Correction Buffer BUF12800 20-Channel Programmable Buffer, 10-Bit, VCOM BUF20800 16-/20-Channel Programmable Buffer with Memory BUF20820 Programmable VCOM Driver BUF01900 18V Supply, Traditional Gamma Buffers BUF11704 22V Supply, Traditional Gamma Buffers BUF11705 VCOM1 VCOM2 SDA SCL Control IF BUF22821 A0 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments. I2C is a trademark of NXP Semiconductors. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 2007, Texas Instruments Incorporated BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 This integrated circuit can be damaged by ESD. Texas Instruments recommends that all integrated circuits be handled with appropriate precautions. Failure to observe proper handling and installation procedures can cause damage. ESD damage can range from subtle performance degradation to complete device failure. Precision integrated circuits may be more susceptible to damage because very small parametric changes could cause the device not to meet its published specifications. PACKAGE/ORDERING INFORMATION (1) (1) PRODUCT PACKAGE PACKAGE DESIGNATOR PACKAGE MARKING BUF22821 HTSSOP-38 DCP BUF22821 For the most current package and ordering information see the Package Option Addendum at the end of this document, or see the TI web site at www.ti.com. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) Over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted). BUF22821 UNIT Supply Voltage, VS +22 V Supply Voltage, VSD +6 V Digital Input Terminals, SCL, SDA, AO, BKSEL: Voltage –0.5 to +6 V Digital Input Terminals, SCL, SDA, AO, BKSEL: Current ±10 mA Analog Input Terminals, STATINL, STATINH: Voltage –0.5 to VS + 0.5 V Analog Input Terminals, STATINL, STATINH: Current ±10 mA Output Short-Circuit (2) –40 to +95 °C Storage Temperature –65 to +150 °C Junction Temperature ESD Ratings (1) (2) 2 Continuous Operating Temperature +125 °C Human Body Model 4000 V Charged-Device Model 1000 V Machine Model 200 V Stresses above these ratings may cause permanent damage. Exposure to absolute maximum conditions for extended periods may degrade device reliability. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those specified is not implied. Short-circuit to ground, one channel at a time. Submit Documentation Feedback BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Boldface limits apply over the specified temperature range, TA = –40°C to +85°C. At TA = +25°C, VS = +18V, VSD = +2V, RL = 1.5kΩ connected to ground, and CL = 200pF, unless otherwise noted. BUF22821 PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT ANALOG GAMMA BUFFER CHANNELS Reset Value Code 512 OUT 1–22 Output Swing: High Code = 1023, Sourcing 10mA OUT 1–22 Output Swing: Low Code = 0, Sinking 10mA STATINH Output Swing: High VIN = 18V, Sourcing 10mA STATINL Output Swing: Low VIN = 0V, Sinking 10mA VCOM1, 2 Output Swing: High Code = 1023, Sourcing 100mA VCOM1, 2 Output Swing: Low Code = 0, Sinking 100mA Continuous Output Current Note 9 17.7 13 Code 512 V mA ±50 mV ±25 µV/°C Bits INL 0.3 Differential Nonlinearity DNL 0.3 Load Regulation, 10mA REG Code 512 or VCC/2, IOUT = +5mA to –5mA Step V V 2 30 ±20 vs Temperature V V 0.2 16.2 0.6 (1) V 0.2 17.85 0.17 Output Accuracy Integral Nonlinearity 17.85 0.07 17.7 V 0.5 Bits 1.5 mV/mA 16 Cycles OTP MEMORY Number of OTP Write Cycles Memory Retention 100 Years ANALOG POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Total Analog Supply Current 9 IS Outputs at Reset Values, No Load 12 Over Temperature 20 V 17 mA 18 mA DIGITAL Logic 1 Input Voltage VIH Logic 0 Input Voltage VIL Logic 0 Output Voltage VOL 0.7 × VSD ISINK = 3mA Input Leakage Clock Frequency fCLK V 0.3 × VSD V 0.15 0.4 V ±0.01 ±10 µA Standard/Fast Mode 400 kHz High-Speed Mode 3.4 MHz DIGITAL POWER SUPPLY Operating Range Digital Supply Current VSD ISD 2.0 Outputs at Reset Values, No Load, Two-Wire Bus Inactive 115 Over Temperature 5.5 V 150 µA µA 115 TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Range Operating Range Junction Temperature < +125°C Storage Range Thermal Resistance (1) HTSSOP-38 (1) –40 +85 °C –40 +95 °C –65 +150 °C θJA Note (1) 40 °C/W Thermal pad attached to printed circuit board (PCB), 0lfm airflow, and 76mm × 76mm copper area. Submit Documentation Feedback 3 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 PIN CONFIGURATIONS BUF22821 HTSSOP-38 Top View VCOM2 1 38 VCOM1 STATINH 2 37 STATINL OUT21 3 36 OUT20 OUT22 4 35 OUT19 OUT1 5 34 STATOUTL OUT2 6 33 OUT18 OUT3 7 32 OUT17 OUT4 8 31 OUT16 OUT5 9 30 OUT15 OUT6 10 29 OUT14 (1) 11 28 GNDA VS 12 27 VS OUT7 13 26 OUT13 OUT8 14 25 OUT12 OUT9 15 24 OUT11 STATOUTH 16 23 OUT10 VSD 17 22 GNDD SCL 18 21 BKSEL SDA 19 20 A0 GNDA PowerPAD Lead-Frame Die Pad Exposed on Underside (must connect to GNDA and GNDD) (1) (1) NOTE: (1) GNDA and GNDD must be connected together. 4 Submit Documentation Feedback BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 PIN CONFIGURATIONS (continued) PIN DESCRIPTIONS PIN # NAME DESCRIPTION 1 VCOM2 VCOM channel 2 2 STATINH 3 OUT21 DAC output 21 4 OUT22 DAC output 22 5 OUT1 DAC output 1 6 OUT2 DAC output 2 7 OUT3 DAC output 3 8 OUT4 DAC output 4 9 OUT5 DAC output 5 10 OUT6 DAC output 6 11, 28 GNDA Analog ground; must be connected to digital ground (GNDD). 12, 27 VS 13 OUT7 DAC output 7 14 OUT8 DAC output 8 15 OUT9 DAC output 9 16 STATOUTH Static gamma input high; voltage can be set by external voltage divider. VS connected to analog supply Static gamma output high; connect to gamma input on source driver that is closest to VS. 17 VSD Digital supply; connect to logic supply 18 SCL Serial clock input; open-drain, connect to pull-up resistor. 19 SDA Serial data I/O; open-drain, connect to pull-up resistor. 20 A0 21 BKSEL Selects memory bank 0 or 1; either connect to logic 1 to select bank 1 or logic 0 to select bank 0. 22 GNDD Digital ground; must be connected to analog ground at the BUF22821. 23 OUT10 DAC output 10 24 OUT11 DAC output 11 25 OUT12 DAC output 12 26 OUT13 DAC output 13 29 OUT14 DAC output 14 30 OUT15 DAC output 15 31 OUT16 DAC output 16 32 OUT17 DAC output 17 33 OUT18 DAC output 18 34 STATOUTL 35 OUT19 DAC output 19 36 OUT20 DAC output 20 37 STATINL 38 VCOM1 A0 address pin for I2C address; either connect to logic 1 or logic 0. Static gamma output low; connect to gamma input on source driver that is closest to GND Static gamma input low; voltage can be set by external voltage divider VCOM channel 1 Submit Documentation Feedback 5 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS At TA = +25°C, VS = +18V, VSD = +2V, RL = 1.5kΩ connected to ground, and CL = 200pF, unless otherwise noted. 18.0 17.5 17.0 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 0 75 100 125 Figure 2. OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT (STATOUTL) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT (STATOUTH) 25 50 75 100 125 0 150 25 50 75 100 Output Current (mA) Figure 3. Figure 4. 14.0 118 13.5 114 112 110 108 106 104 125 150 ANALOG SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 120 116 150 18.0 17.5 17.0 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 Output Current (mA) Analog Supply Current (mA) Digital Supply Current (mA) 50 Figure 1. DIGITAL SUPPLY CURRENT vs TEMPERATURE 13.0 12.5 12.0 11.5 11.0 10.5 10.0 102 9.5 100 -50 6 25 Output Current (mA) 18.0 17.5 17.0 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 18.0 17.5 17.0 16.5 16.0 15.5 15.0 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 Output Current (mA) Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT (Channels 1–22) Output Voltage (V) Output Voltage (V) OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs OUTPUT CURRENT (VCOM1 and VCOM2) -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 -50 -25 0 25 50 Temperature (°C) Temperature (°C) Figure 5. Figure 6. Submit Documentation Feedback 75 100 125 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) At TA = +25°C, VS = +18V, VSD = +2V, RL = 1.5kΩ connected to ground, and CL = 200pF, unless otherwise noted. OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs TEMPERATURE INTEGRAL LINEARITY ERROR 9.020 0.15 10 Typical Units Shown 9.015 0.10 9.005 Error (LSB) Initial Voltage (V) 9.010 9.000 8.995 0.05 0 -0.05 8.990 -0.10 8.985 8.980 -0.15 -50 -25 0 25 50 100 75 125 0 200 Temperature (°C) 400 600 800 1000 Input Code Figure 7. Figure 8. DIFFERENTIAL LINEARITY ERROR BKSEL SWITCHING TIME DELAY 0.15 0.10 780ms 0 9V -0.05 DAC Channel (2V/div) -0.10 5V -0.15 0 200 400 600 800 1ms/div 1000 Input Code Figure 9. Figure 10. LARGE-SIGNAL STEP RESPONSE Output Voltage (2V/div) Error (LSB) BKSEL (2V/div) 0.05 Time (1ms/div) Figure 11. Submit Documentation Feedback 7 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 APPLICATION INFORMATION GENERAL The BUF22821 programmable voltage reference allows fast and easy adjustment of 22 programmable gamma reference outputs and two VCOM outputs, each with 10-bit resolution. The BUF22821 is programmed through a high-speed, I2C interface. The final gamma and VCOM values can be stored in the on-chip, nonvolatile memory. To allow for programming errors or liquid crystal display (LCD) panel rework, the BUF22821 supports up to 16 write operations to the on-chip memory. The BUF22821 has two separate banks of memory, allowing simultaneous storage of two different gamma curves to facilitate dynamic switching between gamma curves. The BUF22821 can be powered using an analog supply voltage from 9V to 20V, and a digital supply from 2V to 5.5V. The digital supply must be applied prior to the analog supply to avoid excessive current and power consumption, or possibly even damage to the device if left connected only to the analog supply for extended periods of time. A typical configuration of the BUF22821 is illustrated in Figure 12. TWO-WIRE BUS OVERVIEW The BUF22821 communicates through an industry-standard, two-wire interface to receive data in slave mode. This standard uses a two-wire, open-drain interface that supports multiple devices on a single bus. Bus lines are driven to a logic low level only. The device that initiates the communication is called a master, and the devices controlled by the master are slaves. The master generates the serial clock on the clock signal line (SCL), controls the bus access, and generates the START and STOP conditions. To address a specific device, the master initiates a START condition by pulling the data signal line (SDA) from a HIGH to a LOW logic level while SCL is HIGH. All slaves on the bus shift in the slave address byte on the rising edge of SCL, with the last bit indicating whether a read or write operation is intended. During the ninth clock pulse, the slave being addressed responds to the master by generating an Acknowledge and pulling SDA LOW. Data transfer is then initiated and eight bits of data are sent, followed by an Acknowledge bit. During data transfer, SDA must remain stable while SCL is HIGH. Any change in SDA while SCL is HIGH is interpreted as a START or STOP condition. Once all data have been transferred, the master generates a STOP condition, indicated by pulling SDA from LOW to HIGH while SCL is HIGH. The BUF22821 can act only as a slave device; therefore, it never drives SCL. SCL is an input only for the BUF22821. ADDRESSING THE BUF22821 The address of the BUF22821 is 111010x, where x is the state of the A0 pin. When the A0 pin is LOW, the device acknowledges on address 74h (1110100). If the A0 pin is HIGH, the device acknowledges on address 75h (1110101). The A0 pin settings and BUF22821 address options are shown in Table 1. Other valid addresses are possible through a simple mask change. Contact your TI representative for information. Table 1. Quick-Reference Table of BUF22821 Addresses DEVICE/COMPONENT BUF22821 Address: ADDRESS A0 pin is LOW (device acknowledges on address 74h) 1110100 A0 pin is HIGH (device acknowledges on address 75h) 1110101 Table 2. Quick-Reference Table of Command Codes COMMAND 8 CODE General Call Reset Address byte of 00h followed by a data byte of 06h. High-Speed Mode 00001xxx, with SCL ≤ 400kHz; where xxx are bits unique to the Hs-capable master. This byte is called the Hs master code. Submit Documentation Feedback BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 BUF22821 (1) VCOM2 VS (1) (1) 38 VCOM1 STATINL 37 VS OUT21 OUT20 36 4 OUT22 OUT19 35 5 OUT1 STATOUTL 34 6 OUT2 OUT18 33 VCOM2 2 STATINH 3 (1) (1) Source Driver (1) 100nF 10mF 32 8 OUT4 OUT16 31 9 OUT5 OUT15 30 10 OUT6 OUT14 29 11 GNDA (2) 28 12 VS VS 27 13 OUT7 OUT13 26 14 OUT8 OUT12 25 (1) (1) Source Driver (1) 3.3V 1 mF (1) (1) (1) (2) GNDA 10mF VS (1) Source Driver (1) OUT9 OUT11 24 16 STATOUTH OUT10 23 17 VSD (2) 22 18 SCL BKSEL 21 19 SDA AO 20 100nF 100nF (1) 15 (1) Source Driver (1) OUT17 (1) (1) (1) OUT3 (1) (1) (1) 7 (1) VS (1) VCOM1 1 (1) GNDD Timing Controller (1) RC combination optional. (2) GNDA and GNDD must be connected together. Figure 12. Typical Application Configuration Submit Documentation Feedback 9 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 DATA RATES OUTPUT VOLTAGE The two-wire bus operates in one of three speed modes: • Standard: allows a clock frequency of up to 100kHz; • Fast: allows a clock frequency of up to 400kHz; and • High-speed mode (also called Hs mode): allows a clock frequency of up to 3.4MHz. Buffer output values are determined by the analog supply voltage (VS) and the decimal value of the binary input code used to program that buffer. The value is calculated using Equation 1: CODE10 VOUT = VS ´ 1024 (1) The BUF22821 is fully compatible with all three modes. No special action is required to use the device in Standard or Fast modes, but High-speed mode must be activated. To activate High-speed mode, send a special address byte of 00001xxx, with SCL = 400kHz, following the START condition; where xxx are bits unique to the Hs-capable master, which can be any value. This byte is called the Hs master code. (Note that this is different from normal address bytes—the low bit does not indicate read/write status.) The BUF22821 responds to the High-speed command regardless of the value of these last three bits. The BUF22821 does not acknowledge this byte; the communication protocol prohibits acknowledgement of the Hs master code. On receiving a master code, the BUF22821 switches on its Hs mode filters, and communicates at up to 3.4MHz. Additional high-speed transfers may be initiated without resending the Hs mode byte by generating a repeat START without a STOP. The BUF22821 switches out of Hs mode with the next STOP condition. GENERAL-CALL RESET AND POWER-UP The BUF22821 responds to a General-Call Reset, which is an address byte of 00h (0000 0000) followed by a data byte of 06h (0000 0110). The BUF22821 acknowledges both bytes. Upon receiving a General-Call Reset, the BUF22821 performs a full internal reset, as though it had been powered off and then on. It always acknowledges the General-Call address byte of 00h (0000 0000), but does not acknowledge any General-Call data bytes other than 06h (0000 0110). When the BUF22821 powers up, it automatically performs a reset. As part of the reset, the BUF22821 is configured for all outputs to change to the last programmed nonvolatile memory values, or 1000000000 if the nonvolatile memory values have not been programmed. 10 The BUF22821 outputs are capable of a full-scale voltage output change in typically 5µs—no intermediate steps are required. UPDATING THE DAC OUTPUTS Because the BUF22821 features a double-buffered register structure, updating the digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and/or the VCOM register is not the same as updating the DAC and/or VCOM output voltage. There are two methods for updating the DAC/VCOM output voltages. Method 1: Method 1 is used when it is desirable to have the DAC/VCOM output voltage change immediately after writing to a DAC register. For each write transaction, the master sets data bit 15 to a '1'. The DAC/VCOM output voltage update occurs after receiving the 16th data bit for the currently-written register. Method 2: Method 2 is used when it is desirable to have all DAC/VCOM output voltages change at the same time. First, the master writes to the desired DAC/VCOM channels with data bit 15 a '0'. Then, when writing the last desired DAC/VCOM channel, the master sets data bit 15 to a '1'. All DAC/VCOM channels are updated at the same time after receiving the 16th data bit. NONVOLATILE MEMORY BKSEL Pin The BUF22821 has 16x rewrite capability of the nonvolatile memory. Additionally, the BUF22821 has the ability to store two distinct gamma curves in two different nonvolatile memory banks, each of which has 16x rewrite capability. One of the two available banks is selected using the external input pin, BKSEL. When this pin is low, BANK0 is selected; when this pin is high, BANK1 is selected. When the BKSEL pin changes state, the BUF22821 acquires the last programmed DAC/VCOM values from the nonvolatile memory associated with this newly chosen bank. At power-up, the state of the BKSEL pin determines which memory bank is selected. Submit Documentation Feedback BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 The I2C master also has the ability to update (acquire) the DAC registers with the last programmed nonvolatile memory values using software control. The bank to be acquired depends on the state of BKSEL. Approximately 36µs (±4µs) after issuing this command, the specified DAC/VCOM register and DAC/VCOM output voltage change to the appropriate OTP memory value. MaxBank General Acquire Command A general acquire command is used to update all registers and DAC/VCOM outputs to the last programmed values stored in nonvolatile memory. A single-channel acquire command updates only the register and DAC/VCOM output of the DAC/VCOM corresponding to the DAC/VCOM address used in the single-channel acquire command. The sequence to initiate a general channel acquire is as follows: 1. Be sure BKSEL is in its desired state and has been stable for at least 1ms. 2. Send a START condition on the bus. 3. Send the appropriate device address (based on A0) and the read/write bit = LOW. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 4. Send a DAC/VCOM pointer address byte. Set bit D7 = 1 and D6 = 0. Bits D5–D0 are any valid DAC/VCOM address. Only addresses 000000 to 010111 are valid and are acknowledged. See Table 5 for valid DAC/VCOM addresses. 5. Send a STOP condition on the bus. Approximately 750µs (±80µs) after issuing this command, all DAC/VCOM registers and DAC/VCOM output voltages change to the respective, appropriate nonvolatile memory values. The BUF22821 can provide the user with the number of times the nonvolatile memory of a particular DAC/VCOM channel nonvolatile memory has been written to for the current memory bank. This information is provided by reading the register at pointer address 111111. There are two ways to update the MaxBank register: 1. After initiating a single-acquire comand, the BUF22821 updates the MaxBank register with a code corresponding to how many times that particular channel memory has been written to. 2. Following a general-acquire command, the BUF22821 updates the MaxBank register with a code corresponding to the maximum number of times the most used channel (OUT1–22 and VCOMs) has been written to. MaxBank is a read-only register and is only updated by performing a general- or single-channel acquire. Table 3 shows the relationship between the number of times the nonvolatile memory has been programmed and the corresponding state of the MaxBank Register. Table 3. MaxBank Details TIMES WRITTEN TO RETURNS CODE 0 0000 1 0000 2 0001 3 0010 4 0011 5 0100 6 0101 7 0110 8 0111 9 1000 10 1001 11 1010 12 1011 13 1100 14 1101 15 1110 16 1111 Single-Channel Acquire Command The sequence to initiate a single-channel acquire is as follows: 1. Be sure BKSEL is in its desired state and has been stable for at least 1ms. 2. Send a START condition on the bus. 3. Send the device address (based on A0) and read/write bit = LOW. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 4. Send a DAC/VCOM pointer address byte using the DAC/VCOM address corresponding to the output and register to update with the OTP memory value. Set bit D7 = 0 and D6 = 1. Bits D5–D0 are the DAC/VCOM address. Only addresses 000000 to 010111 are valid and are acknowledged. See Table 5 for valid DAC/VCOM addresses. 5. Send a STOP condition on the bus. Submit Documentation Feedback 11 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 Parity Error Correction The BUF22821 provides single-bit parity error correction for data stored in the nonvolatile memory to provide increased reliability of the nonvolatile memory. Should a single bit of nonvolatile memory for a channel fail, the BUF22821 corrects for it and updates the appropriate DAC with the intended value when its memory is acquired. Should more than one bit of nonvolatile memory for a channel fail, the BUF22821 does not correct for it, and updates the appropriate DAC/VCOM with the default value of 1000000000. DIE_ID AND DIE_REV REGISTERS The user can verify the presence of the BUF22821 in the system by reading from address 111101. The BUF22821 returns 0101100100100101 when read at this address. The user can also determine the die revision of the BUF22821 by reading from register 111100. The BUF22821 returns 0000000000000000 when a RevA die is present. RevB would be designated by 0000000000000001 and so on. READ/WRITE OPERATIONS Read and write operations can be done for a single DAC/VCOM or for multiple DACs/VCOMs. Writing to a DAC/VCOM register differs from writing to the nonvolatile memory. Bits D15–D14 of the most significant byte of data determines if data are written to the DAC/VCOM register or the nonvolatile memory. Read/Write: DAC/VCOM Register (volatile memory) The BUF22821 is able to read from a single DAC/VCOM, or multiple DACs/VCOMs, or write to the register of a single DAC/VCOM, or multiple DACs/VCOMs in a single communication transaction. DAC pointer addresses begin with 000000 (which corresponds to OUT1) through 010111 (which corresponds to OUT22). Write commands are performed by setting the read/write bit LOW. Setting the read/write bit HIGH performs a read transaction. Writing: DAC/VCOM Register (volatile memory) To write to a single DAC/VCOM register: 1. Send a START condition on the bus. 2. Send the device address and read/write bit = LOW. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 3. Send a DAC/VCOM pointer address byte. Set bit D7 = 0 and D6 = 0. Bits D5–D0 are the DAC/VCOM address. Only addresses 000000 to 010111 are valid and are acknowledged; see Table 5 for valid addresses. 12 4. Send two bytes of data for the specified register. Begin by sending the most significant byte first (bits D15–D8, of which only bits D9 and D8 are used, and bits D15–D14 must not be 01), followed by the least significant byte (bits D7–D0). The register is updated after receiving the second byte. 5. Send a STOP or START condition on the bus. The BUF22821 acknowledges each data byte. If the master terminates communication early by sending a STOP or START condition on the bus, the specified register is not updated. Updating the DAC/VCOM register is not the same as updating the DAC/VCOM output voltage; see the Output Latch section. The process of updating multiple DAC/VCOM registers begins the same as when updating a single register. However, instead of sending a STOP condition after writing the addressed register, the master continues to send data for the next register. The BUF22821 automatically and sequentially steps through subsequent registers as additional data are sent. The process continues until all desired registers have been updated or a STOP or START condition is sent. To write to multiple DAC/VCOM registers: 1. Send a START condition on the bus. 2. Send the device address and read/write bit = LOW. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 3. Send either the OUT1 pointer address byte to start at the first DAC, or send the pointer address byte for whichever DAC/VCOM is the first in the sequence of DACs/VCOMs to be updated. The BUF22821 begins with this DAC/VCOM and steps through subsequent DACs/VCOMs in sequential order. 4. Send the bytes of data; begin by sending the most significant byte (bits D15–D8, of which only bits D9 and D8 have meaning, and bits D15–D14 must not be 01), followed by the least significant byte (bits D7–D0). The first two bytes are for the DAC/VCOM addressed in the previous step. The DAC/VCOM register is automatically updated after receiving the second byte. The next two bytes are for the following DAC/VCOM. That DAC/VCOM register is updated after receiving the fourth byte. This process continues until the registers of all following DACs/VCOMs have been updated. 5. Send a STOP or START condition on the bus. The BUF22821 acknowledges each byte. To terminate communication, send a STOP or START condition on the bus. Only DAC registers that have received both bytes of data are updated. Submit Documentation Feedback BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 Reading: memory) DAC/VCOM/OTHER Register (volatile 8. When all desired DACs have been read, send a STOP or START condition on the bus. Reading a register returns the data stored in that DAC/VCOM/OTHER register. Communication may be terminated by sending a premature STOP or START condition on the bus, or by not sending the acknowledge bit. The reading of registers DieID, DieRev, and MaxBank is not supported in this mode of operation (they must be read using the single register read method). To read a single DAC/VCOM/OTHER register: 1. Send a START condition on the bus. 2. Send the device address and read/write bit = LOW. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 3. Send the DAC/VCOM/OTHER pointer address byte. Set bit D7 = 0 and D6 = 0; bits D5–D0 are the DAC/VCOM/OTHER address. Only addresses 000000–010111, 111100, 111101, and 111111 are valid and are acknowledged. 4. Send a START or STOP/START condition. 5. Send the correct device address and read/write bit = HIGH. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 6. Receive two bytes of data. They are for the specified register. The most significant byte (bits D15–D8) is received first; next is the least significant byte (bits D7–D0). In the case of DAC/VCOM channels, bits D15–D10 have no meaning. 7. Acknowledge after receiving the first byte. 8. Send a STOP or START condition on the bus or do not acknowledge the second byte to end the read transaction. Communication may be terminated by sending a premature STOP or START condition on the bus, or by not acknowledging. To read multiple registers: 1. Send a START condition on the bus. 2. Send the device address and read/write bit = LOW. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 3. Send either the OUT1 pointer address byte to start at the first DAC, or send the pointer address byte for whichever register is the first in the sequence of DACs/VCOMs to be read. The BUF22821 begins with this DAC/VCOM and steps through subsequent DACs/VCOMs in sequential order. 4. Send a START or STOP/START condition on the bus. 5. Send the correct device address and read/write bit = HIGH. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. 6. Receive two bytes of data. They are for the specified DAC/VCOM. The first received byte is the most significant byte (bits D15–D8, only bits D9 and D8 have meaning), next is the least significant byte (bits D7–D0). 7. Acknowledge after receiving each byte of data. Write: Nonvolatile Memory for the DAC Register The BUF22821 is able to write to the nonvolatile memory of a single DAC/VCOM in a single communication transaction. In contrast to the BUF20820, writing to multiple nonvolatile memory words in a single transaction is not supported. Valid DAC/VCOM pointer addresses begin with 000000 (which corresponds to OUT1) through 010111 (which corresponds to OUT22). When programming the nonvolatile memory, the analog supply voltage must be between 9V and 20V. Write commands are performed by setting the read/write bit LOW. To write to a single nonvolatile register: 1. Send a START condition on the bus. 2. Send the device address and read/write bit = LOW. The BUF22821 acknowledges this byte. Only addresses 000000 to 010111 are valid and are acknowledged. See Table 5 for DAC/VCOM addresses. 3. Send a DAC/VCOM pointer address byte. Set bit D7 = 0 and D6 = 0. Bits D5–D0 are the DAC/VCOM address. 4. Send two bytes of data for the nonvolatile register of the specified DAC/VCOM. Begin by sending the most significant byte first (bits D15–D8, of which only bits D9 and D8 are data bits, and bits D15–D14 must be 01), followed by the least significant byte (bits D7–D0). The register is updated after receiving the second byte. 5. Send a STOP condition on the bus. The BUF22821 acknowledges each data byte. If the master terminates communication early by sending a STOP or START condition on the bus, the specified nonvolatile register is not updated. Writing a nonvolatile register also updates the DAC/VCOM register and output voltage. The DAC/VCOM register and DAC/VCOM output voltage are updated immediately, while the programming of the nonvolatile memory takes up to 250µs. Once a nonvolatile register write command Submit Documentation Feedback 13 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 has been issued, no communication with the BUF22821 should take place for at least 250µs. Writing or reading over the serial interface while the nonvolatile memory is being written jeopardizes the integrity of the data being stored. Table 4. Other Register Pointer Addresses REGISTER POINTER ADDRESS Die_Rev 111100 Die_ID 111101 MaxBank 111111 Read: Nonvolatile Memory for the DAC Register To read the data present in nonvolatile register for a particular DAC/VCOM channel, the master must first issue a general-acquire command, or a single-acquire command with the appropriate DAC/VCOM channel chosen. This action updates both the DAC/VCOM register(s) and DAC/VCOM output voltage(s). The master may then read from the appropriate DAC/VCOM register as described earlier. Table 5. DAC Register Pointer Addresses 14 REGISTER POINTER ADDRESS OUT1 000000 OUT2 000001 OUT3 000010 OUT4 000011 OUT5 000100 OUT6 000101 OUT7 000110 OUT8 000111 OUT9 001000 OUT10 001001 OUT11 001010 OUT12 001011 OUT13 001100 OUT14 001101 OUT15 001110 OUT16 001111 OUT17 010000 OUT18 010001 VCOM1 010010 VCOM2 010011 OUT19 010100 OUT20 010101 OUT21 010110 OUT22 010111 Submit Documentation Feedback Figure 13. Write DAC Register Timing Submit Documentation Feedback A4 A4 A6 A6 SDA_In Device_Out Start A3 A3 A5 A5 A4 A4 A5 A5 A4 A4 A3 A3 Device Address A2 A2 A5 A5 A4 A4 A3 A3 Device Address A2 A2 A1 A1 A1 A1 A3 A3 Device Address Read multiple DAC registers. P4-P0 specify DAC address. A6 SCL A6 SDA_In Start Device_Out SCL A5 A5 Read single DAC register. P4-P0 specify DAC address. A6 A6 SDA_In Start Device_Out SCL A6 Device Address A2 A2 A1 A1 A0 A0 A0 A0 A2 A2 W W Write W W Write A1 A1 Write multiple DAC register. P4-P0 specify DAC address. A6 SDA_In Device_Out SCL Start Write single DAC register. P4-P0 specify DAC address. Ackn Ackn Ackn W D7 W D7 D7 D7 Read operation. Ackn Ackn Ackn W W Write Read operation. A0 A0 A0 A0 Write D7 D7 D7 D7 D5 D5 D6 D6 D5 D5 D5 D5 P4 P4 P3 P3 P2 P2 P4 D6 D6 D5 D5 P4 P4 P3 P3 P2 P2 P1 P1 P1 P1 P4 Start DAC address pointer. D7-D5 must be 000. D6 D6 P4 P4 P3 P3 P2 P2 P0 P0 P0 P0 P3 P3 Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn P2 P2 P1 P1 P1 P1 Start Start DAC address pointer. D7-D5 must be 000. D6 D6 DAC address pointer. D7-D5 must be 000. DAC address pointer. D7-D5 must be 000. Ackn Ackn Ackn Write Operation Ackn Ackn Ackn Write Operation D14 D14 D15 D14 D14 A3 A3 A4 A3 A3 Device Address A4 D14 D14 D15 D13 D13 D11 D11 D10 D10 D13 D13 D12 D12 D11 D11 D10 D10 DAC (pointer) MSbyte. D14 must be 0. Device Address A4 D12 D12 D9 D9 D8 D8 Ackn Ackn D7 D7 D9 D9 D8 D8 Ackn Ackn Ackn D7 D7 A2 A2 A2 A2 A1 A1 A1 A1 A0 A0 A0 A0 D12 D12 D11 D11 D10 D10 D9 D9 D8 D8 R R Read R R Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn D7 D7 D15 D15 D15 D11 D11 D10 D10 D9 D9 D6 D6 D6 D6 D8 D8 D13 D12 D12 D11 D11 D10 D10 D6 D6 D14 D14 D5 D5 D13 D13 D11 D11 D4 D4 D3 D3 DAC 20 LSbyte. D12 D12 D2 D2 D10 D10 D4 D4 D3 D3 DAC LSbyte D9 D9 Ackn Ackn Ackn D5 D5 D1 D1 D9 D9 D0 D0 D8 D8 D8 D8 D4 D4 Ackn D1 D1 D0 D0 Ackn Ackn Ackn D2 D1 D1 D0 D0 Ackn Ackn D7 D7 D6 D6 D5 D5 D5 D5 D4 D4 D2 D2 D4 D4 D3 D3 DAC LSbyte. D3 D3 DAC 20 LSbyte is updated in this moment. Stop D2 D2 D1 D1 D15 D15 D1 D1 D14 D14 D0 D0 D0 D0 Stop Stop No Ackn No Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn D13 D13 DAC (pointer + 1) MSbyte. D14 must be 0. The whole DAC register D9-D0 D2 Ackn is updated in this moment. The whole DAC register D9-D0 D2 D2 Stop D6 D6 Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn D7 D7 D3 D3 DAC (pointer) LSbyte D5 D5 DAC (pointer) MSbyte. D15-D10 have no meaning. D14 D13 DAC MSbyte. D15-D10 have no meaning. D14 D12 D13 D15 D12 D13 Ackn Ackn D14 D15 Read D14 D15 DAC 20 (VCOM OUT2) MSbyte. D14 must be 0. If D15 = 1, all DACs are updated when the current DAC register is updated. D15 A4 D13 D13 Ackn If D15 = 1, all DACs are updated when the current DAC register is updated. D15 D15 DAC MSbyte. D14 must be 0. DAC 20 (VCOM OUT2) MSbyte. D15-D10 have no meaning. A5 A5 A5 A5 Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn D15 A6 A6 A6 A6 P0 P0 P0 P0 Ackn BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 Figure 14. Read Register Timing 15 16 A6 A6 SDA_In Device_Out SCL Start A5 A5 A4 A4 A3 A3 Device Address Figure 15. Write Nonvolatile Register Timing Submit Documentation Feedback A1 A0 W W Ackn Ackn D6 D6 D5 D5 P4 P4 P3 P3 P2 P2 A5 A5 A4 A4 A3 A3 Device address. A2 A2 A1 A1 P1 A0 A0 P1 A6 A6 SDA_In Device_Out Start A5 A5 A4 A4 A3 A3 Device address. A2 A2 A1 A1 A0 A0 P0 W W W Write W Ackn Ackn Ackn D15 D15 D7 D7 Ackn Ackn Ackn D7 D7 Write Operation Ackn Ackn Ackn Write Operation P0 Write Single channel acquire command. P4-P0 must specify and valid DAC address. A6 Start A6 SCL D7 D7 DAC address pointer. D7-D0 must be 000. General acquire command. P4-P0 must specify and valid DAC address. A0 Ackn Write operation. Device_Out SCL A1 Write SDA_In A2 A2 Write single OTP register. P4-P0 specify DAC address. D14 D13 D13 D12 D12 D11 D11 D10 D10 D9 D9 D5 P4 P4 P3 P3 P2 P2 D6 D6 D5 D5 P4 P4 P3 P3 P2 P2 DAC address pointer. D7-D5 must be 010. D6 D5 DAC address pointer. D7-D5 must be 100. D6 D14 DAC MSbyte. D15-D14 must be 01. D8 P1 P1 P1 P1 D8 P0 P0 P0 P0 Ackn Ackn Ackn D7 D6 D6 Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn Ackn D7 D5 Stop Stop D5 D4 D4 D2 D2 D1 D1 D0 D0 Ackn Ackn Ackn t2 Stop t2: minimum 100ms, maximum 2ms. The OTP register (D9-D0) is updated in this moment. t1: > 20ms before falling edge of clock. D3 D3 DAC LSbyte. Write supply active. Write signal active. t1 BUF22821 SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 www.ti.com Figure 16. Acquire Operation Timing Figure 17. General-Call Reset Timing Submit Documentation Feedback SDA SCL SDA SCL Start High-Speed Command Start General-Call Reset Command Address Byte = 00h Address Byte = 00001xxx (HS Master Code) Ackn Ackn Device enters high-speed mode at ACK clock pulse. Device exits high-speed mode with stop condition. No Ackn Device begins reset at arrow and is in reset until ACK clock pulse. Then the device acquires memory, etc as at power-up. Address Byte = 06h BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 Figure 18. High-Speed Mode Timing 17 BUF22821 www.ti.com SBOS399 – JUNE 2007 STATIC GAMMA CHANNELS DYNAMIC GAMMA CONTROL The BUF22821 offers two static gamma buffers. These two analog signal paths can be used to provide additional gamma channels. The STATOUTH pin is a buffered version of the STATINH pin. The STATOUTL pin is a buffered version of the STATINL pin. For typical output swing, see the Typical Characteristics. Dynamic gamma control is a technique used to improve the picture quality in LCD television applications. This technique typically requires switching gamma curves between frames. Using the BKSEL pin to switch between two gamma curves will not likely lead to good results because of the 750µs it takes to transfer the data from the nonvolatile memory to the DAC register. However, dynamic gamma control can still be accomplished by storing two gamma curves in an external EEPROM and writing directly to the DAC register (nonvolatile). END-USER SELECTED GAMMA CONTROL Because the BUF22821 has two banks of nonvolatile memory, it is well-suited for providing two levels of gamma control by using the BKSEL pin, as shown in Figure 19. When the state of the BKSEL pin changes, the BUF22821 updates all 24 programmable buffer outputs simultaneously after 750µs (±80µs). To update all 24 programmable output voltages simultaneously via hardware: Toggle the BKSEL pin to switch between Gamma Curve 0 (stored in Bank0) and Gamma Curve 1 (stored in Bank1). All DAC/VCOM registers and output voltages are updated simultaneously after approximately 750µs. The double register input structure saves programming time by allowing updated DAC values to be pre-stored into the first register bank. Storage of this data can occur while a picture is still being displayed. Because the data are only stored into the first register bank, the DAC/VCOM output values remain unchanged—the display is unaffected. At the beginning or the end of a picture frame, the DAC/VCOM outputs (and therefore, the gamma voltages) can be quickly updated by writing a '1' in bit 15 of any DAC/VCOM register. For details on the operation of the double register input structure, see the Updating the DAC Outputs section. To update all 24 programmable output voltages simultaneously via software: 5V BUF22821 STEP 1: Write to registers 1–24 with bit 15 always '0'. BKSEL STEP 2: Write any DAC/VCOM register a second time with identical data. Make sure that bit 15 is set to '1'. All DAC/VCOM channels are updated simultaneously after receiving the last bit of data. OUT1 Change in Output Voltages BANK0 BANK1 Switch OUT22 2 IC Figure 19. Gamma Control 18 Submit Documentation Feedback PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 10-Oct-2007 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Drawing BUF22821AIDCPR ACTIVE HTSSOP DCP Pins Package Eco Plan (2) Qty 38 2000 Pb-Free (RoHS) Lead/Ball Finish CU NIPDAU MSL Peak Temp (3) Level-3-260C-168 HR (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. 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Addendum-Page 1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 9-Oct-2007 TAPE AND REEL BOX INFORMATION Device BUF22821AIDCPR Package Pins DCP 38 Site Reel Diameter (mm) Reel Width (mm) A0 (mm) B0 (mm) K0 (mm) P1 (mm) SITE 60 330 16 6.9 10.2 1.8 12 Pack Materials-Page 1 W Pin1 (mm) Quadrant 16 Q1 PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION www.ti.com 9-Oct-2007 Device Package Pins Site Length (mm) Width (mm) Height (mm) BUF22821AIDCPR DCP 38 SITE 60 346.0 346.0 33.0 Pack Materials-Page 2 IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, modifications, enhancements, improvements, and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. 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