LCX012BL 3.3cm (1.3-inch) Black-and-White LCD Panel Description The LCX012BL is a 3.3cm diagonal active matrix TFT-LCD panel addressed by polycrystalline silicon super thin film transistors with built-in peripheral driving circuit. Use of three panels in combination with the LCX012BL provides a full-color representation. The striped arrangement suitable for data projectors is capable of displaying fine text and vertical lines. The adoption of advanced on-chip black matrix realizes high picture quality without cross talk by incorporating high luminance screen and cross talk free circuit. This panel has a polysilicon TFT high-speed scanner and built-in function to display images up/down and/or right/left inverse. The built-in 5V interface circuit leads to lower voltage of timing and control signals. Using Sony’s timing generator “CXD2442Q” sends timing signal necessary for LCD panel drive by identificating computer supporting VGA automatically, and supports double-speed processed NTSC/PAL. Features • The number of active dots: 312,000 (1.3-inch; 3.3cm in diagonal) • Accepts the computer requirements of VGA platform (640 x 480) • High optical transmittance: 25% (typ.) • Supports NTSC/PAL by processing the video signal at double speed • Built-in cross talk free circuit • High contrast ratio with normally white mode: 250 (typ.) • Built-in H and V drivers (built-in input level conversion circuit, 5V driving possible) • Up/down and/or right/left inverse display function Element Structure • Dots: 644 (H) × 484 (V) = 311,696 • Built-in peripheral driver using polycrystalline silicon super thin film transistors. Applications • Liquid crystal data projectors • Liquid crystal projectors, etc. Sony reserves the right to change products and specifications without prior notice. This information does not convey any license by any implication or otherwise under any patents or other right. Application circuits shown, if any, are typical examples illustrating the operation of the devices. Sony cannot assume responsibility for any problems arising out of the use of these circuits. –1– E96512-ST Uniformity Improvement Signal Control Circuit V Shift Register (Bidrectional Scanning) V Shift Register (Bidrectional Scanning) Up/Down or Right/Left Inversion HCK2 NC RGT VST VCK PCG DWN ENB CLR 12 13 17 10 19 18 21 20 16 15 Input Signal Level Shifter –2– 22 14 8 COM PAD 5 4 3 23 H Shift Register (Bidrectional Scanning) COM SIG6 6 SIG4 7 SIG5 SIG2 9 SIG3 SIG1 HCK1 11 Vss HST 2 VVDD PSIG 1 HVDD NC LCX012BL Block Diagram LCX012BL Absolute Maximum Ratings (VSS = 0V) • H driver supply voltage HVDD • V driver supply voltage VVDD • Common pad voltage COM • H shift register input pin voltage HST, HCK1, HCK2, RGT • V shift register input pin voltage VST, VCK, PCG, CLR, ENB, DWN • Video signal input pin voltage SIG1, SIG2, SIG3, SIG4, SIG5, SIG6, PSIG • Operating temperature Topr • Storage temperature Tstg –1.0 to +20 –1.0 to +20 –1.0 to +17 –1.0 to +17 V V V V –1.0 to +17 V –1.0 to +15 V –10 to +70 –30 to +85 °C °C Operating Conditions (VSS = 0V) Supply voltage HVDD 15.5 ±0.5 V VVDD 15.5 ±0.5 V Input pulse voltage (Vp-p of all input pins except video signal and uniformity improvement signal input pins) Vin 5.0 ±0.5 V Pin Description Pin No. Symbol Description Pin No. Symbol Description 1 NC NC; Open 13 HCK2 Clock pulse for H shift register drive 2 PSIG Uniformity improvement signal 14 VSS GND (H, V drivers) 3 SIG6 Video signal 6 to panel 15 CLR Improvement pulse (1) for uniformity 4 SIG5 Video signal 5 to panel 16 ENB Enable pulse for gate selection 5 SIG4 Video signal 4 to panel 17 NC NC; Open 6 SIG3 Video signal 3 to panel 18 VCK Clock pulse for V shift register drive 7 SIG2 Video signal 2 to panel 19 VST Start pulse for V shift register drive 8 SIG1 Video signal 1 to panel 20 DWN Drive direction pulse for V shift register (H: normal, L: reverse) 9 HVDD Power supply for H driver 21 PCG Improvement pulse (2) for uniformity 10 RGT Driver direction pulse for H shift register (H: normal, L: reverse) 22 VVDD Power supply for V driver 11 HST Start pulse for H shift register drive 23 COM Common voltage of panel 12 HCK1 Clock pulse for H shift register drive 24 TEST Test; Open –3– LCX012BL Input Equivalent Circuit To prevent static charges, protective diodes are provided for each pin except the power supply. In addition, protective resistors are added to all pins except video signal input. All pins are connected to VSS with a high resistance of 1MΩ (typ.). The equivalent circuit of each input pin is shown below: (The resistor value: typ.) (1) SIG1, SIG2, SIG3, SIG4, SIG5, SIG6, PSIG HVDD Input 1MΩ Signal line (2) HCK1, HCK2 HVDD 250Ω 250Ω Input Level conversion circuit (2-phase input) 1MΩ 250Ω (3) RGT 250Ω 1MΩ HVDD 2.5kΩ 2.5kΩ Input Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) 1MΩ (4) HST HVDD 250Ω 250Ω Input Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) 1MΩ (5) PCG, VCK VVDD 250Ω 250Ω Input Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) 1MΩ (6) VST, CLR, ENB, DWN VVDD 2.5kΩ 2.5kΩ Input Level conversion circuit (single-phase input) 1MΩ (7) COM VVDD Input 1MΩ –4– LC LCX012BL Input Signals 1. Input signal voltage conditions (VSS = 0V) Item Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit (Low) VHIL –0.5 0.0 0.4 V (High) VHIH 4.5 5.0 5.5 V (Low) VVIL –0.5 0.0 0.4 V (High) VVIH 4.5 5.0 5.5 V VVC Video signal center voltage Video signal input range∗1 (SIG1 to 6) Vsig 6.8 7.0 7.2 V VVC – 4.5 7.0 VVC + 4.5 V Common voltage of panel∗2 Vcom VVC – 0.5 VVC – 0.4 VVC – 0.3 V Uniformity improvement signal input voltage (PSIG)∗3 Vpsig VVC ± 3.3 VVC ± 3.5 VVC ± 3.7 V H driver input voltage V driver input voltage ∗1 input signal shall be symmetrical to VVC. ∗2 The typical value of the common pad voltage may lower its suitable voltage according to the set construction to use. In this case, use the voltage of which has maximum contrast as typical value. When the typical value is lowered, the maximum and minimum values may lower. ∗3 Input a uniformity improvement signal PSIG in the same polarity with video signals SIG1 to 6 and which is symmetrical to VVC. Also, the rising and falling of PSIG are synchronized with the rising of PCG pulse, and the rise time trPSIG and fall time tfPSIG are suppressed within 800ns (as shown in a diagram below). Input waveform of uniformity improvement signal PSIG 90% VVC PSIG 10% trPSIG tfPSIG PCG Level Conversion Circuit The LCX012BL has a built-in level conversion circuit in the clock input unit on the panel. The input signal level increases to HVDD or VVDD. The VCC of external ICs are applicable to 5 ± 0.5V. –5– LCX012BL 2. Clock timing conditions (Ta = 25°C) (VGA mode: fHCKn = 2.5MHz, fVCK = 15.7kHz) Item HST HCK CLR VST VCK ENB PCG Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Hst rise time trHst — — 30 Hst fall time tfHst — — 30 Hst data set-up time tdHst 30 100 170 Hst data hold time Hckn rise time∗4 thHst 30 100 170 trHckn — — 30 Hckn fall time∗4 tfHckn — — 30 Hck1 fall to Hck2 rise time to1Hck –15 0 15 Hck1 rise to Hck2 fall time to2Hck –15 0 15 Clr rise time trClr — — 100 Clr fall time tfClr — — 100 Vck rise/fall → Clr fall time Tdclr –100 0 100 Clr pulse width twClr 2400 2500 2600 Vst rise time trVst — — 100 Vst fall time tfVst — — 100 Vst data set-up time tdVst 5 15 25 Vst data hold time thVst 5 15 25 Vck rise time trVck — — 100 Vck fall time tfVck — — 100 Enb rise time trEnb — — 100 Enb fall time tfEnb — — 100 Vck rise/fall to Enb rise time toEnb 400 500 600 Enb pulse width twEnb 2400 2500 2600 Pcg rise time trPcg — — 30 Pcg fall time tfPcg — — 30 Pcg rise to Vck rise/fall time toVck 500 800 1000 Pcg pulse width twPcg 900 1000 1100 ∗4 Hckn means Hck1 and Hck2. –6– Unit ns µs ns LCX012BL <Horizontal Shift Register Driving Waveform> Item Hst rise time Symbol Waveform 90% trHst Hst Hst fall time HST Conditions 90% 10% tfHst 10% trHst tfHst O Hckn∗4 duty cycle 50% to1Hck = 0ns to2Hck = 0ns ∗5 Hst data set-up time tdHst 50% 50% Hst Hck1 Hst data hold time 50% 50% thHst tdHst Hckn rise time∗4 Hckn fall time∗4 trHckn thHst 90% 90% ∗4 Hckn 10% trHckn ∗5 Hck1 fall to Hck2 rise time O Hckn∗4 duty cycle 50% to1Hck = 0ns to2Hck = 0ns 10% tfHckn HCK to1Hck O Hckn∗4 duty cycle 50% to1Hck = 0ns to2Hck = 0ns tfHckn 50% 50% Hck1 50% 50% Hck2 Hck1 rise to Hck2 fall time to2Hck to2Hck Clr rise time trClr to1Hck 90% 90% Clr 10% 10% Clr fall time tfClr Clr pulse width twClr trClr tfClr CLR Vck 50% 50% Clr 50% Vck rise/fall → Clr fall time tdClr ∗5 twClr tdClr ∗5 Definitions: The right-pointing arrow ( ) means +. The left-pointing arrow ( ) means –. The black dot at an arrow ( ) indicates the start of measurement. –7– O Hckn∗4 duty cycle 50% to1Hck = 0ns to2Hck = 0ns LCX012BL <Vertical Shift Register Driving Waveform> Item Vst rise time Symbol Waveform 90% trVst Vst Vst fall time Conditions 90% 10% tfVst 10% trVst tfVst ∗5 VST Vst data set-up time tdVst 50% 50% Vst 50% 50% Vck Vst data hold time Vck rise time thVst trVck Vck fall time tfVck Enb rise time trEnb thVst 90% 90% 10% Vck VCK tdVst 10% trVckn 90% tfVckn 10% 10% 90% Enb ENB Enb fall time tfEnb Vck rise/fall to Enb rise time tdEnb Enb pulse width tfEn trEn Vck twEnb 50% Enb 50% ∗5 twEnb 50% tdEnb to3Vck Pcg rise time 90% trPcg 10% Pcg Pcg fall time 10% tfPcg trPcg PCG Pcg rise to Vck rise/fall time toVck Vck 50% toVck 50% Pcg pulse width 90% twPcg Pcg ∗5 –8– 50% twPcg tfPcg LCX012BL Electrical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, HVDD = 15.5V, VVDD = 15.5V) 1. Horizontal drivers Item Input pin capacitance Input pin current Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit Condition HCKn CHckn — 10 15 pF HST CHst — 10 15 pF HCK1 –500 –250 — µA HCK1 = GND HCK2 –1000 –300 — µA HCK2 = GND HST –500 –150 — µA HST = GND RGT –150 –25 — µA RGT = GND Video signal input pin capacitance Csig — 100 150 pF Current consumption IH — 4.0 6.0 mA Min. Typ. HCKn: HCK1, HCK2 (2.5MHz) 2. Vertical drivers Item Input pin capacitance Input pin current Symbol Max. Unit Condition VCK CVck — 10 15 pF VST CVst — 10 15 pF –1000 –150 — µA VCK = GND –150 –25 — µA PCG, VST, ENB, CLR, DWN = GND — 2.0 3.0 mA VCK: (15.7kHz) Min. Typ. Max. Unit — 100 150 mW Min. Typ. Max. Unit 0.4 1 — MΩ Symbol Min. Typ. CPSIGon — 6.5 VCK PCG, VST, ENB, CLR, DWN Current consumption IV 3. Total power consumption of the panel Item Total power consumption of the panel (VGA) Symbol PWR 4. Pin input resistance Item Pin – VSS input resistance Symbol Rpin 5. Uniformity improvement signal Item Input pin capacitance for uniformity improvement signal –9– Max. Unit 7.0 nF LCX012BL Electro-optical Characteristics (Ta = 25°C, VGA mode) Item Symbol Measurement method Min. Typ. Max. Unit Contrast ratio 25°C CR 1 150 250 — — Optical transmittance 25°C T 2 22 25 — % RV90-25 1.1 1.5 1.8 GV90-25 1.2 1.7 2.0 BV90-25 1.3 1.8 2.1 RV90-60 1.0 1.4 1.7 GV90-60 1.1 1.5 1.8 BV90-60 1.1 1.6 1.9 RV50-25 1.5 1.9 2.2 GV50-25 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.7 2.1 2.4 RV50-60 1.5 1.8 2.1 GV50-60 1.5 1.9 2.2 BV50-60 1.6 2.0 2.3 RV10-25 2.0 2.4 2.7 GV10-25 2.1 2.5 2.8 BV10-25 2.1 2.5 2.8 RV10-60 2.1 2.3 2.6 GV10-60 2.1 2.4 2.7 BV10-60 2.2 2.5 2.8 0°C ton0 — 36 80 25°C ton25 — 14 40 0°C toff0 — 106 200 25°C toff25 — 30 70 Flicker 60°C F 5 — –74 –40 dB Image retention time 25°C YT60 6 — 0 0 s Cross talk 25°C CTK 7 — — 5 % 25°C V90 60°C 25°C V-T characteristics BV50-25 V50 60°C 25°C V10 60°C ON time Response time OFF time 3 4 V ms Reflection Preventive Processing When a phase substrate which rotates polarization axis is used to adjust to the polarization direction of polarization screen or prism, use the phase substrate with reflection preventive processed on the surface. This prevents characteristic deterioration caused by luminous reflection. – 10 – LCX012BL <Electro-optical Characteristics Measurement> Basic measurement conditions (1) Driving voltage HV DD = 15.5V, VVDD = 15.5V VVC = 7.0V, Vcom = 6.6V (2) Measurement temperature 25°C unless otherwise specified. (3) Measurement point One point in the center of screen unless otherwise specified. (4) Measurement systems Two typed of measurement system are used as shown below. (5) Video input signal voltage (Vsig) Vsig = 7.0 ±V AC [V] (VAC: signal amplitude) • Measurement system I approx. 2000mm Screen Luminance Meter Measurement Equipment LCD Projector Screen: Made by Sony (VPS-120FH: Gain 2.8, Glass Beaded Type) or an equivalent Projection lens: The focal distance 80mm, F1.9 Light source: 155W metal Haloid arc lamp (Color temperature 7500K ± 500) (× 24, Sensor area: 7mmφ) Polarizer: Nitto Denko’s EG-1224DU or Polatechno’s SKN-18242T or equivalent • Measurement system II Optical fiber Light receptor lens Light Detector Measurement Equipment LCD panel Drive Circuit Light Source 1. Contrast Ratio Contrast Ratio (CR) is given by the following formula (1). CR = L (White) ... (1) L (Black) L (White): Surface luminance of the center of the screen at the input signal amplitude VAC = 0.5V. L (Black): Surface luminance of the center of the screen at VAC = 4.5V. Both luminosities are measured by System Ι. – 11 – LCX012BL 2. Optical Transmittance Optical Transmittance (T) is given by the following formula (2). T= White luminance x 100 [%] ... (2) Luminance of light source 3. V-T Characteristics V-T characteristics, the relationship between signal amplitude and the transmittance of the panels, are measured by System II. V90, V50, and V10 correspond to the each voltage which defines 90%, 50%, and 10% of transmittance respectively. Transmittance [%] "White luminance" means the maximum luminance at the input signal amplitude VAC = 0.5V on Mesurement System II. 90 50 10 V90 V50 V10 VAC – Signal amplitude [V] 4. Respons Time Response time ton and toff are defined by the formula (5) and (6) respectively. Input signal voltage (Waveform applied to the measured pixels) 4.5V ton = t1 – tON ... (5) toff = t2 – tOFF ... (6) t1: time which gives 10% transmittance of the panel. t2: time which gives 90% transmittance of the panel. 0.5V 7.0V 0V Optical transmittance output waveform 100% 90% The relationships between t1, t2, tON and tOFF are shown in the right figure. 10% 0% tON t1 ton – 12 – tOFF t2 toff LCX012BL 5. Flicker Flicker (F) is given by the formula (7). DC and AC (NTSC VGA: 30Hz, rms, PAL: 25Hz, rms) components of the panel output signal for gray raster∗ mode are measured by a DC voltmeter and a spectrum analizer in System II. F [dB] = 20log { AC component } ... (7) DC component ∗ Each input signal condition for gray raster mode is given by Vsig = 7.0 ± V50 [V] where: V50 is the signal amplitude which gives 50% of transmittance in V-T characteristics. 6 Image Retention Time Apply the monoscope signal to the LCD panel for 60 minutes and then change this signal to the gray scale of Vsig = 7.0 ± VAC (VAC: 3 to 4V), judging by sight at VAC that hold the maximum image retention, measure the time till the residual image becomes indistinct. ∗ Monoscope signal conditions: Black level Vsig = 7.0 ± 4.5 or ± 2.0 [V] (shown in the right figure) Vcom = 6.6V 4.5V White level 2.0V 7.0V 2.0V 4.5V 0V Vsig waveform 7. Cross Talk Cross talk is determined by the luminance differences between adjacent areas represented Wi' and Wi (i = 1 to 4) around black window (Vsig = 4.5V/1V) W1 W1’ W2 W4 W2’ W4’ W3 Cross talk value CTK = W3’ – 13 – Wi' – Wi × 100 [%] Wi LCX012BL Viewing angle characteristics (Typical Value) 90 Phi 0 180 10 30 50 70 Theta 270 θ0° Z θ φ90° Marking φ φ180° X φ270° – 14 – Y φ0° Measurement method LCX012BL Optical transmittance of LCD panel (Typical Value) 30 Trans. [%] 20 10 0 400 500 600 700 Wavelength [nm] Measurement method: Measurement system II – 15 – LCX012BL 1. Dot Arrangement The dots are arranged in a stripe. The shaded area is used for the dark border around the display. Gate SW Gate SW 1 dot Gate SW 1 dot 5 dots 644 dots 654 dots – 16 – 5 dots 486 dots Active area 484 dots Photo-shielding LCX012BL 2. LCD Panel Operations [Description of basic operations] The basic operations of the LCD panel are shown below based on the VGA mode. • A vertical driver, which consists of vertical shift registers, enable-gates and buffers, applies a selected pulse to every 484 gate lines sequentially in every horizontal scanning period. Two lines of horizontal electrodes are sequentially selected in NTSC/PAL mode. • A horizontal driver, which consists of horizontal shift registers, gates and CMOS sample-and-hold circuits, applies selected pulses to every 644 signal electrodes sequentially in a single horizontal scanning period. • Vertical and horizontal shift registers address one pixel, and then Thin film Transistors (TFTs; two TFTs) turn on to apply a video signal to the dot. The same procedures lead to the entire 484 × 644 dots to display a picture in a single vertical scanning period. • To change the combination of the horizontal electrode in NTSC/PAL mode, the phase of VCK need to be inverted. Normally, switching every field maximizes vertical resolution. • The CLR pin is provided to eliminate the shading effect caused by the coupling of selected pulses. While maintaining the CLR at High level, the VVDD potential drops to approximately 9.5V. This pin shall be grounded when not in use. • The video signal shall be input with 1H-inverted system. • Timing diagrams of the vertical for VGA mode and NTSC/PAL mode and the horizontal display cycle are shown below: (1) Vertical display cycle (VGA) VD VST (DWN = High level) VST (DWN = Low level) VCK 1 2 Vertical display cycle 480H (2) Horizontal display cycle HD HST 108 HCK1 1 2 3 4 5 6 109 HCK2 Horizontal display cycle – 17 – 480 LCX012BL [Description of operating mode] The LCD panel has the following functions to easily apply to various uses, as well as various broadcasting systems. • Right/left inverse mode • Up/down inverse mode These modes are controlled by two signals (RGT and DWN). The setting mode is shown below. RGT Mode DWN Mode H Right scan H Down scan L Left scan L Up scan The direction of the right/left and/or up/down mean when Pin 1 marking is located at right side with the pin block upside. • To improve uniformity, the analog signals PSIG shall be input by synchronizing with SIG1 to SIG6. • When the up-scan mode (DWN = Low level) is set, the phase of VST shall be inverted 3. 6-dot Simultaneous Sampling and Dot-inverted Drive SIG1 SIG2 S/H CK1 S/H S/H AC Amp 8 SIG1 S/H AC Amp 7 SIG2 S/H AC Amp 6 SIG3 S/H AC Amp 5 SIG4 S/H AC Amp 4 SIG5 S/H AC Amp 3 SIG6 CK2 SIG3 S/H CK3 SIG4 S/H CK4 SIG5 S/H SIG6 CK5 CK6 <Phase relationship of delaying sample-and-hold pulses> (right scan) HCKn CK1 CK2 CK3 CK4 CK5 CK6 – 18 – LCX012BL Horizontal driver samples SIG1 to SIG6 signal simultaneously. Which requires the phase matching between SIG1 to SIG6 signals to prevent horizontal resolution from deteriorating. Thus phase matching between each signal is required using an external signal delaying circuit before applying video signal to the LCD panel. The block diagram of the delaying procedure using sample-and-hold method is as follows. The following phase relationship diagram indicates the phase setting for the right scan (RGT = High level). For the left scan (RGT = Low level), the phase setting shall be inverted between SIG1 to SIG6 signals. LCX012BL Display System Block Diagram An example of display system is shown below. Discrete Buff. R G RGB Driver CXA1853Q S/H CXA2504N LCX012BL R S/H CXA2504N LCX012BL S/H CXA2504N LCX012BL B FRP HD VD TG CXD2442Q SH C.SYNC HCK, VCK – 19 – G B LCX012BL Notes on Handling (1) Static charge prevention Be sure to take following protective measures. TFT-LCD panels are easily damaged by static charge. a) Use non-chargeable gloves, or simply use bare hands. b) Use an earth-band when handling. c) Do not touch any electrodes of a panel. d) Wear non-chargeable clothes and conductive shoes. e) Install conductive mat on the working floor and working table. f) Keep panels away from any charged materials. g) Use ionozed air to discharge the panels. (2) Protection from dust and dirt a) Operate in clean environment. b) When delivered, a surface of a panel (Polarizer) is covered by a protective sheet. Peel off the protective sheet carefully not to damage the panel. c) Do not touch the surface of a panel. The surface is easily scratched. When cleaning, use a clean-room wiper with isopropyl alcohol. Be careful not to leave stain on the surface. d) Use ionized air to blow off dust at a panel. (3) Other handling precautions a) Do not twist or bend the flexible PC board especially at the connecting region because the board is easily deformed. b) Do not drop a panel. c) Do not twist or bend a panel or a panel frame. d) Keep a panel away from heat source. e) Do not dampen a panel with water or other solvents. f) Avoid to store or to use a panel in a high temperature or in a high humidity, which may result in panel damages. g) Minimum bent radius rating for flexible substrates is 1mm. h) Panel screw torque should not exceed 3kg · cm. – 20 – LCX012BL Package Outline Unit: mm 3.7 ± 0.1 Thickness of the connector 0.3 ± 0.05 25.0 ± 0.15 1.8 ± 0.1 4 2. R 4- (62.0) 1 37.0 ± 0.1 42.0 ± 0.15 104.0 ± 1.4 5 3-φ2.3 ± 0.05 C0.8 Active Area 3 2 5 6 Incident light Polarizing Axis (26.65) 30.0 ± 0.1 38.0 ± 0.15 (20.03) 21.0 ± 0.25 2.5 ± 0.1 2.1 ± 0.05 7 φ2.1 ± 0.05 19.0 ± 0.25 4.0 ± 0.1 No 0.5 ± 0.15 4.0 ± 0.4 P 1.0 × 23 = 23.0 ± 0.1 1.0 ± 0.15 0.6 ± 0.05 PIN1 PIN24 1 Description F P C 2 Molding material 3 Outside frame 4 Reinforcing board 5 Reinforcing material electrode (enlarged) 6 Polarizing film 7 Cover weight 7.5g The rotation angle of the active area relative to H and V is ± 1°. – 21 –