HV9901DB1 Universal Relay Driver Introduction Specifications The HV9901 is a universal relay driver employing PWM switching techniques utilizing the relay coils inductance to provide efficient operation over a wide supply voltage range. Relay drive is constant-current. Pull-in current, pull-in time, and hold current are all programmable via 2 resistors and a capacitor. An adjustable regulator provides 1mA for external circuitry. Input Voltage Relay Drive Current SPDT (1FormC) Contact Rating 10A@125VAC, 6A@277VAC Auxillary Regulator (VCC) 5.0V@1mA Enable <1.5V off, >3.5V on Switching Frequency 21kHz Board Layout and Connections C1 K1 Common Normally Open WARNING!!! No galvanic isolation. Dangerous voltages are present when connected to the AC line. Relay Selector Input Voltage Supply voltage. May be a DC source in the range of 10400VDC, or an AC source in the range of 24277VACrms. A full-wave bridge rectifier on board rectifies the AC. Also included is a 250mA 2AG fuse. Relay Contacts For connecting an external load. The PCB traces are rated at 10A for a 20°C rise. Relay Selector In the Int position, the on-board relay is operated. In the Ext position, a relay connected to the External Relay terminals is operated. Enable Polarity Selector + C2 IC1 D3 Q1 R6 R3 R1 C4 F1 ~ D2 Input Voltage D1 C3 ~ Normally Closed External Relay For connection of an off-board relay. 20ms Contact Form R5 Relay Contacts 72mA pull-in, 24mA hold Pull-in Time The HV9901DB1 demo board contains all the circuitry necessary to demonstrate the operation of the HV9901. Included on-board are a full-wave input rectifier, fuse, the HV9901, and a 10A relay. Provisions for connecting an external relay are available. The circuit may be modified to accomodate the drive requirements of other relays. WARNING!!! Do not connect earth-grounded instruments when connected to the AC line. Doing so will short the AC line, resulting in damage to the demo board and/or the instrument. Use an isolation transformer on the AC line, use high voltage differential probes, or use a floating instrument to make measurements when connected to the AC line. 10400VDC, 24277VAC External Relay Sync R7 R2 R4 C5 VCC Ground Enable Sync Synchronizes multiple HV9901s to the same frequency or to a master clock. Frequency will be the highest independent frequency. Connect to the Sync pins of other HV9901s or to a master clock. Enable Logic-level enable for relay operation. See Enable Polarity Selector for polarity. VCC Supplies 5V at 1mA for external circuitry. Ground Circuit common. Since galvanic isolation is not provided, ground will be at the AC line potential! Enable Polarity Selector Sets Enable polarity. In the 0 position, Enable is active low. In the 1 position, Enable is active high. HV9901DB1 Schematic F1 250mA D1 DF06 VIN C1 100nF D2 S1J GND VDD C2 4.7µF R1 226kΩ R2 8.25kΩ VCC 5.0V @ 1mA C5 1.0µF VREF C3 100nF C4 1.0µF R3 374kΩ R4 NC NO C D3 ES1J VIN Int Reg VREF H/D K1 NAIS JS1-5V INT RELAY EXT SYNC PWM SYNC GT Q1 VN2450 CS R5 RT 11Ω R6 VCC FB Aux Reg 124kΩ VCC 1.21MΩ POL ENI ENO R7 EN 1 POL 0 270kΩ Modifications External Relay Connect the coil of the external relay to the External Relay terminals and move the Relay Selector shunt to the Ext position. Pull-in Current, Pull-in Time, and Hold Current For use with other relays, these parameters may be changed via resistors R1 and R2 and capacitor C4. Refer to the HV9901 data sheet for details. Monitoring Relay Current For the on-board relay, coil current may be monitored by replacing the Relay Selector shunt with either a wire loop (for current probe use) or with a low value sense resistor (for voltage probe use). Remember that galvanic isolation is not provided! See warnings on the first page. Switching Frequency To change the PWM switching frequency, change R6 according to the following equation: f PWM = 3.23kHz + 21.8GHz ⋅ Ω R6 This equation is valid for frequencies 25kHz and above. Be advised that frequencies below 20kHz may cause the relay coil to emit audible noise. And avoid higher frequencies that approach the coils resonant frequency. VCC As provided, the HV9901DB1 supplies 5V for external circuitry. Other volltages in the range 2.0V to 5.5V may be obtained by changing R3. Current rating remains at 1mA. R VCC = 1.25V1 + 3 R4 Note that changing VCC also changes the Enable logic levels. V EN ( lo ) < 0.3VCC V EN ( hi ) > 0.7VCC